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Mounsey O, Marchetti L, Parada J, Alarcón LV, Aliverti F, Avison MB, Ayala CS, Ballesteros C, Best CM, Bettridge J, Buchamer A, Buldain D, Carranza A, Corti Isgro M, Demeritt D, Escobar MP, Gortari Castillo L, Jaureguiberry M, Lucas MF, Madoz LV, Marconi MJ, Moiso N, Nievas HD, Ramirez Montes De Oca MA, Reding C, Reyher KK, Vass L, Williams S, Giraudo J, De La Sota RL, Mestorino N, Moredo FA, Pellegrino M. Genomic epidemiology of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli from Argentinian pig and dairy farms reveals animal-specific patterns of co-resistance and resistance mechanisms. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024; 90:e0179123. [PMID: 38334306 PMCID: PMC10952494 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01791-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Control measures are being introduced globally to reduce the prevalence of antibiotic resistance (ABR) in bacteria on farms. However, little is known about the current prevalence and molecular ecology of ABR in bacterial species with the potential to be key opportunistic human pathogens, such as Escherichia coli, on South American farms. Working with 30 dairy cattle farms and 40 pig farms across two provinces in central-eastern Argentina, we report a comprehensive genomic analysis of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant (3GC-R) E. coli, which were recovered from 34.8% (cattle) and 47.8% (pigs) of samples from fecally contaminated sites. Phylogenetic analysis revealed substantial diversity suggestive of long-term horizontal and vertical transmission of 3GC-R mechanisms. CTX-M-15 and CTX-M-2 were more often produced by isolates from dairy farms, while CTX-M-8 and CMY-2 and co-carriage of amoxicillin/clavulanate resistance and florfenicol resistance were more common in isolates from pig farms. This suggests different selective pressures for antibiotic use in these two animal types. We identified the β-lactamase gene blaROB, which has previously only been reported in the family Pasteurellaceae, in 3GC-R E. coli. blaROB was found alongside a novel florfenicol resistance gene, ydhC, also mobilized from a pig pathogen as part of a new composite transposon. As the first comprehensive genomic survey of 3GC-R E. coli in Argentina, these data set a baseline from which to measure the effects of interventions aimed at reducing on-farm ABR and provide an opportunity to investigate the zoonotic transmission of resistant bacteria in this region. IMPORTANCE Little is known about the ecology of critically important antibiotic resistance among bacteria with the potential to be opportunistic human pathogens (e.g., Escherichia coli) on South American farms. By studying 70 pig and dairy cattle farms in central-eastern Argentina, we identified that third-generation cephalosporin resistance (3GC-R) in E. coli was mediated by mechanisms seen more often in certain species and that 3GC-R pig E. coli were more likely to be co-resistant to florfenicol and amoxicillin/clavulanate. This suggests that on-farm antibiotic usage is key to selecting the types of E. coli present on these farms. 3GC-R E. coli and 3GC-R plasmids were diverse, suggestive of long-term circulation in this region. We identified the de novo mobilization of the resistance gene blaROB from pig pathogens into E. coli on a novel mobile genetic element, which shows the importance of surveying poorly studied regions for antibiotic resistance that might impact human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Mounsey
- University of Bristol, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Marchetti
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Julián Parada
- Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Río Cuarto, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laura V. Alarcón
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Florencia Aliverti
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Matthew B. Avison
- University of Bristol, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Carlos S. Ayala
- University of Bristol Veterinary School, Langford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Caroline M. Best
- University of Bristol Veterinary School, Langford, United Kingdom
| | - Judy Bettridge
- University of Bristol Veterinary School, Langford, United Kingdom
- Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Chatham, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Buchamer
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Daniel Buldain
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, La Plata, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alicia Carranza
- Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - Maite Corti Isgro
- Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Río Cuarto, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - David Demeritt
- Department of Geography, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Lihuel Gortari Castillo
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, La Plata, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Jaureguiberry
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, La Plata, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana F. Lucas
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, La Plata, Argentina
- Universidad del Salvador, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Veterinarias, Pilar, Argentina
| | - L. Vanina Madoz
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, La Plata, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María José Marconi
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, La Plata, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nicolás Moiso
- Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - Hernán D. Nievas
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, La Plata, Argentina
| | | | - Carlos Reding
- University of Bristol, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | | | - Lucy Vass
- University of Bristol Veterinary School, Langford, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Williams
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, La Plata, Argentina
| | - José Giraudo
- Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - R. Luzbel De La Sota
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, La Plata, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nora Mestorino
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Fabiana A. Moredo
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Matías Pellegrino
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico Químicas y Naturales, Río Cuarto, Argentina
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Booton RD, Meeyai A, Alhusein N, Buller H, Feil E, Lambert H, Mongkolsuk S, Pitchforth E, Reyher KK, Sakcamduang W, Satayavivad J, Singer AC, Sringernyuang L, Thamlikitkul V, Vass L, Avison MB, Turner KME. One Health drivers of antibacterial resistance: Quantifying the relative impacts of human, animal and environmental use and transmission. One Health 2021; 12:100220. [PMID: 33644290 PMCID: PMC7892992 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2021.100220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Antibacterial resistance (ABR) is a major global health security threat, with a disproportionate burden on lower-and middle-income countries (LMICs). It is not understood how 'One Health', where human health is co-dependent on animal health and the environment, might impact the burden of ABR in LMICs. Thailand's 2017 "National Strategic Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance" (NSP-AMR) aims to reduce AMR morbidity by 50% through 20% reductions in human and 30% in animal antibacterial use (ABU). There is a need to understand the implications of such a plan within a One Health perspective. Methods A model of ABU, gut colonisation with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria and transmission was calibrated using estimates of the prevalence of ESBL-producing bacteria in Thailand. This model was used to project the reduction in human ABR over 20 years (2020-2040) for each One Health driver, including individual transmission rates between humans, animals and the environment, and to estimate the long-term impact of the NSP-AMR intervention. Results The model predicts that human ABU was the most important factor in reducing the colonisation of humans with resistant bacteria (maximum 65.7-99.7% reduction). The NSP-AMR is projected to reduce human colonisation by 6.0-18.8%, with more ambitious targets (30% reductions in human ABU) increasing this to 8.5-24.9%. Conclusions Our model provides a simple framework to explain the mechanisms underpinning ABR, suggesting that future interventions targeting the simultaneous reduction of transmission and ABU would help to control ABR more effectively in Thailand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross D Booton
- Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Aronrag Meeyai
- Department of Epidemiology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK
| | - Nour Alhusein
- Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Henry Buller
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Edward Feil
- Department of Biology & Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Helen Lambert
- Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Skorn Mongkolsuk
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Emma Pitchforth
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lucy Vass
- Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Matthew B Avison
- School of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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3
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Booton RD, MacGregor L, Vass L, Looker KJ, Hyams C, Bright PD, Harding I, Lazarus R, Hamilton F, Lawson D, Danon L, Pratt A, Wood R, Brooks-Pollock E, Turner KME. Estimating the COVID-19 epidemic trajectory and hospital capacity requirements in South West England: a mathematical modelling framework. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e041536. [PMID: 33414147 PMCID: PMC7797241 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop a regional model of COVID-19 dynamics for use in estimating the number of infections, deaths and required acute and intensive care (IC) beds using the South West England (SW) as an example case. DESIGN Open-source age-structured variant of a susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered compartmental mathematical model. Latin hypercube sampling and maximum likelihood estimation were used to calibrate to cumulative cases and cumulative deaths. SETTING SW at a time considered early in the pandemic, where National Health Service authorities required evidence to guide localised planning and support decision-making. PARTICIPANTS Publicly available data on patients with COVID-19. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES The expected numbers of infected cases, deaths due to COVID-19 infection, patient occupancy of acute and IC beds and the reproduction ('R') number over time. RESULTS SW model projections indicate that, as of 11 May 2020 (when 'lockdown' measures were eased), 5793 (95% credible interval (CrI) 2003 to 12 051) individuals were still infectious (0.10% of the total SW population, 95% CrI 0.04% to 0.22%), and a total of 189 048 (95% CrI 141 580 to 277 955) had been infected with the virus (either asymptomatically or symptomatically), but recovered, which is 3.4% (95% CrI 2.5% to 5.0%) of the SW population. The total number of patients in acute and IC beds in the SW on 11 May 2020 was predicted to be 701 (95% CrI 169 to 1543) and 110 (95% CrI 8 to 464), respectively. The R value in SW was predicted to be 2.6 (95% CrI 2.0 to 3.2) prior to any interventions, with social distancing reducing this to 2.3 (95% CrI 1.8 to 2.9) and lockdown/school closures further reducing the R value to 0.6 (95% CrI 0.5 to 0.7). CONCLUSIONS The developed model has proved a valuable asset for regional healthcare services. The model will be used further in the SW as the pandemic evolves, and-as open-source software-is portable to healthcare systems in other geographies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross D Booton
- School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Louis MacGregor
- Population Health Science Institute, University of Bristol Medical School, Bristol, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Behavioural Science and Evaluation, Bristol, UK
| | - Lucy Vass
- School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Science Institute, University of Bristol Medical School, Bristol, UK
| | - Katharine J Looker
- Population Health Science Institute, University of Bristol Medical School, Bristol, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Behavioural Science and Evaluation, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Philip D Bright
- Immunology, Pathology Sciences, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Irasha Harding
- Consultant in Microbiology, University Hospitals Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Rajeka Lazarus
- Consultant in Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospitals Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Fergus Hamilton
- Infection Science, Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Daniel Lawson
- School of Mathematics, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Leon Danon
- Population Health Science Institute, University of Bristol Medical School, Bristol, UK
- Department of Engineering Mathematics, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Alan Turing Institute, London, UK
- Health Data Research UK South-West of England Partnership, Bristol, UK
| | - Adrian Pratt
- Modelling and Analytics Team, NHS Bristol, North Somerset and South Gloucestershire CCG, Bristol, UK
| | - Richard Wood
- Health Data Research UK South-West of England Partnership, Bristol, UK
- Modelling and Analytics Team, NHS Bristol, North Somerset and South Gloucestershire CCG, Bristol, UK
| | - Ellen Brooks-Pollock
- School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Science Institute, University of Bristol Medical School, Bristol, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Behavioural Science and Evaluation, Bristol, UK
| | - Katherine M E Turner
- School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Science Institute, University of Bristol Medical School, Bristol, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Behavioural Science and Evaluation, Bristol, UK
- Health Data Research UK South-West of England Partnership, Bristol, UK
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Herrmann HA, Dyson BC, Vass L, Johnson GN, Schwartz JM. Flux sampling is a powerful tool to study metabolism under changing environmental conditions. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2019; 5:32. [PMID: 31482008 PMCID: PMC6718391 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-019-0109-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of high-throughput 'omic techniques has sparked a rising interest in genome-scale metabolic models, with applications ranging from disease diagnostics to crop adaptation. Efficient and accurate methods are required to analyze large metabolic networks. Flux sampling can be used to explore the feasible flux solutions in metabolic networks by generating probability distributions of steady-state reaction fluxes. Unlike other methods, flux sampling can be used without assuming a particular cellular objective. We have undertaken a rigorous comparison of several sampling algorithms and concluded that the coordinate hit-and-run with rounding (CHRR) algorithm is the most efficient based on both run-time and multiple convergence diagnostics. We demonstrate the power of CHRR by using it to study the metabolic changes that underlie photosynthetic acclimation to cold of Arabidopsis thaliana plant leaves. In combination with experimental measurements, we show how the regulated interplay between diurnal starch and organic acid accumulation defines the plant acclimation process. We confirm fumarate accumulation as a requirement for cold acclimation and further predict γ-aminobutyric acid to have a key role in metabolic signaling under cold conditions. These results demonstrate how flux sampling can be used to analyze the feasible flux solutions across changing environmental conditions, whereas eliminating the need to make assumptions which introduce observer bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena A. Herrmann
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Beth C. Dyson
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Present Address: Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Lucy Vass
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Present Address: Bristol Veterinary School and Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Giles N. Johnson
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Herbert A, Anic V, Cochand-Priollet B, Dina R, Ehya H, Eide ML, Fabre M, Field A, Kapila K, Kardum-Skelin I, Oliveira MH, Olszewski W, Önal B, Nasioutziki M, Nayar R, Nielsen K, Shabalova I, Schmitt F, Tötsch M, Wilson A, Vass L, Zeppa P. Training and practice of cytotechnologists: a discussion forum focused on Europe. Cytopathology 2014; 25:307-15. [DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Herbert
- Cellular Pathology Department; St Thomas’ Hospital; Guy's and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust; London UK
| | - V. Anic
- Department of Clinical Cytology and Cytogenetics; Merkur University Hospital; Zagreb Croatia
| | | | - R. Dina
- Histopathology Department; Imperial College NHS Trust; Hammersmith Hospital; London UK
| | - H. Ehya
- Department of Pathology; Fox Chase Cancer Center; Philadelphia PA USA
| | - M.-L. Eide
- Department of Pathology and Medical Genetics; Trondheim University Hospital; Trondheim Norway
| | - M. Fabre
- Department of Pathology; Gustave Roussy; Cancer Campus Grand Paris; Villejuif France
| | - A. Field
- Department of Anatomical Pathology; St Vincent's Hospital; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - K. Kapila
- Cytopathology Unit; Department of Pathology; Faculty of Medicine; Kuwait University; Kuwait Kuwait
| | - I. Kardum-Skelin
- Department of Clinical Cytology and Cytogenetics; Merkur University Hospital and School of Medicine; University of Zagreb; Zagreb Croatia
| | - M. H. Oliveira
- Laboratório de Anatomia Patológica; Hospital Beatriz Angelo; Loures Portugal
| | - W. Olszewski
- Department of Pathology; Institute of Oncology; Warsaw Poland
| | - B. Önal
- Department of Pathology and Cytology; Ankara Diskapi Teaching and Research Hospital; Ankara Turkey
| | - M. Nasioutziki
- Molecular Cytopathology Laboratory; Faculty of Medicine; AUTH; Hippokration Hospital; Thessaloniki Greece
| | - R. Nayar
- Cytopathology Laboratory; Northwestern Memorial Hospital; Chicago IL USA
| | - K. Nielsen
- Institute of Pathology; Aahus University Hospital; Aarhus Denmark
| | - I. Shabalova
- Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education; Moscow Russia
| | - F. Schmitt
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto; Porto Portugal
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
| | - M. Tötsch
- Institute of Cytology; University Hospital of Graz; Medical University of Graz; Graz Austria
| | - A. Wilson
- Department of Histopathology; Monklands Hospital; Airdrie UK
| | - L. Vass
- Department of Pathology/Cytology; University Hospital of Pest County; Kistarcsa Hungary
| | - P. Zeppa
- Anatomia Patologica; University of Salerno; Salerno Italy
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Tötsch M, Cuvelier C, Vass L, Fassina A. The UEMS Section/Board of Pathology, Chapter 6: Requirement for Recognition of Postgraduate Training in Pathology: a presentation of the Paris Document. Cytopathology 2012; 23:295-9. [DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Kocjan G, Cochand-Priollet B, de Agustin PP, Bourgain C, Chandra A, Daneshbod Y, Deery A, Duskova J, Ersoz C, Fadda G, Fassina A, Firat P, Jimenez-Ayala B, Karakitsos P, Koperek O, Matesa N, Poller D, Thienpont L, Ryska A, Schenck U, Sauer T, Schmitt F, Tani E, Toivonen T, Tötsch M, Troncone G, Vass L, Vielh P. Diagnostic terminology for reporting thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology: European Federation of Cytology Societies thyroid working party symposium, Lisbon 2009. Cytopathology 2011; 21:86-92. [PMID: 21054822 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2303.2010.00751.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A European Federation of Cytology Societies (EFCS) working party of 28 members from 14 European countries met at the European Congress of Cytology in Lisbon in September 2009, with two observers from the USA, to discuss the need for standardising thyroid FNA nomenclature in the light of the National Institute of Cancer (NCI) recommendations resulting from the State of the Science conference in Bethesda in 2007. The data were obtained through two questionnaires sent by email and a transcript of the live discussion at the congress, which is presented in full. The surveys and discussion showed that there were currently no national terminologies for reporting thyroid FNA in the different European countries except in Italy and the UK. Personal, 'local', surgical pathology and descriptive terminologies were in use. All but one of the working party members agreed that thyroid FNA reporting should be standardised. Whilst almost a third would adopt the NCI Bethesda terminology, which offers the advantages of a 'risk of cancer' correlation and is linked to clinical recommendations, more than half favoured a translation of local terminology as the first step towards a unified nomenclature, as has been done recently in the UK. There was some disagreement about the use of: a) the six-tiered as opposed to four or five-tiered systems, b) the use of an indeterminate category and c) the 'follicular neoplasm' category, which was felt by some participants not to be different from the 'suspicious of malignancy' category. The conclusions will be passed to the different national societies of cytology for discussion, who will be asked to map their local terminologies to the Bethesda classification, observe its acceptance by clinicians and audit its correlation with outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kocjan
- Department of Histopathology, University College London, UK
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Anshu, Herbert A, Cochand-Priollet B, Cross P, Desai M, Dina R, Duskova J, Evered A, Farnsworth A, Gray W, Gupta SS, Kapila K, Kardum-Skelin I, Kloboves-Prevodnik V, Kobayashi TK, Koutselini H, Olszewski W, Onal B, Pitman MB, Marinsek Z, Sauer T, Schenck U, Schmitt F, Shabalova I, Smith JHF, Tani E, Vass L, Vielh P, Wiener H. Survey of medical training in cytopathology carried out by the journal Cytopathology. Cytopathology 2010; 21:147-56. [PMID: 20482722 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2303.2010.00761.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
This report of the Editorial Advisory Board of Cytopathology gives the results of a survey of medical practitioners in cytopathology, which aimed to find out their views on the current situation in undergraduate and postgraduate training in their institutions and countries. The results show that training in cytopathology and histopathology are largely carried out at postgraduate level and tend to be organized nationally rather than locally. Histopathology was regarded as essential for training in cytopathology by 89.5% of respondents and was mandatory according to 83.1%. Mandatory cytopathology sections of histopathology were reported by 67.3% and specific examinations in cytopathology by 55.4%. The main deficiencies in training were due to its variability; there were insufficient numbers of pathologists interested in cytology and a consequent lack of training to a high level of competence. Pathologists without specific training in cytopathology signed out cytology reports according to 54.7% of responses, more often in centres where training was 3-6 months or less duration. Although 92.2% of respondents thought that specialist cytology should not be reported by pathologists without experience in general cytopathology, that practice was reported by 30.9%, more often in centres with small workloads. The survey report recommends that 6-12 months should be dedicated to cytopathology during histopathology training, with optional additional training for those wanting to carry out independent practice in cytopathology. Formal accreditation should be mandatory for independent practice in cytopathology. When necessary, temporary placements to centres of good practice should be available for trainees intending to practise independently in cytopathology. There should be adequate numbers of pathologists trained in cytopathology to a high level of competence; some of their time could be released by training cytotechnologists and trainee pathologists to prescreen cytology slides and assess adequacy of fine-needle aspiration samples when immediate diagnosis was not required. The survey demonstrated a clear need for European and international guidelines for training in cytopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshu
- Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, India
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Gray W, Bayer-Pietsch E, Chieco P, Cochand Priollet B, Desai M, Drijkoningen M, Griffin M, Hagmar B, Kapila K, Kloboves-Prevodnik V, Kobayashi T, Krogerus L, Majak B, Mihailovici M, Olszewski W, Schenck U, Schmitt F, Shabalova I, Shapiro N, Smith J, Tani E, Totsch M, Vass L, Wiener H, Herbert A. The future of cytopathology in Europe. Will the wider use of HPV testing have an impact on the provision of cervical screening? Cytopathology 2007; 18:278-82. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2303.2007.00487.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kocjan G, Feichter G, Hagmar B, Kapila K, Kardum-Skelin I, Kloboves V, Kobayashi TK, Koutselini H, Majak B, Schenck U, Schmitt F, Tani E, Totch M, Onal B, Vass L, Vielh P, Weynand B, Herbert A. Fine needle aspiration cytology: a survey of current European practice. Cytopathology 2006; 17:219-26. [PMID: 16961648 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2303.2006.00408.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is practised widely throughout Europe. The majority of countries have dedicated cytopathologists as well as histopathologists practicing cytology. Despite this, FNAC is performed mostly by clinicians and radiologists except in the larger centres with dedicated staff with a special interest in cytopathology. The advent of One-Stop diagnostic services and image-guided procedures are prompting further development of FNAC clinics where cytopathologists take their own samples, issue reports in the same clinical session and take extra material for ancillary tests to complete the diagnosis. The volume of FNAC work varies accordingly; in dedicated centres FNAC represents up to 80% of the workload whilst, in the majority of countries, it represents one quarter or less. Hence, the rate of inadequate FNAC varies widely, depending on the local sampling policies and the organ, but does not exceed 25% in any of the countries. The most sampled organs are breast and thyroid, followed by lymph nodes. Most countries have dedicated training in cytopathology for pathology trainees, the duration varying between 6 months and 2 years of the total training time. This discussion, focusing on European practices, highlights the heterogeneity of FNAC activity but also its success in many centres where it is practiced to a high standard, particularly in breast, thyroid and lymph node pathology. The relatively high rate of inadequate material in some centres reflects local policies and calls for greater uniformity of FNAC practice, particularly specimen sampling. To achieve this, the future direction should concentrate on specialist training, to include performing as well as interpreting FNAC, as part of the curriculum. Current emphasis on web-based training may not provide first hand experience of the FNAC procedure and should be supplemented by attending FNAC clinics and developing the technique to its full potential.
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Erdélyi I, Nieskens DHM, Van Dijk JE, Vass L, Nederbragt H. Immunohistochemical evaluation of versican, in relation to chondroitin sulphate, in canine mammary tumours. Histol Histopathol 2003; 18:1067-80. [PMID: 12973676 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18.1067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The expression of increased amounts of versican, a chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan, in neoplastic tissues may play a role in promoting tumour cell proliferation and migration. This study investigated the immunolocalization of versican in normal and neoplastic canine mammary tissues, using antibodies 12C5 and 2B1, against different epitopes of the protein core of versican. Antibody CS56, recognising chondroitin sulphate (CS), was used to investigate the relation between versican and CS, which accumulates in canine mammary tumours. We found enhanced versican expression in both benign and malignant tumours, appearing in three main patterns: in periductal tissues, probably in association with basement membranes of ducts; in peripheral invasive areas of malignant tumours; and in spindle cell proliferations and myxoid areas of complex and mixed tumours. The 12C5 and 2B1 immunoreactivities co-localised in all types of tumours, and could be improved by chondroitinase digestion. The only exception was the abundant extracellular matrix (ECM) of spindle cell proliferations, particularly in myxoid areas of complex and mixed tumours, which displayed intense and diffuse 12C5 immunoreactivity and patchy or absent 2B1 and CS56 immunoreactivities; versican immunoreactivity could not be enhanced by chondroitinase digestion. The results indicate that versican is one of the extracellular matrix components characteristic of canine mammary tumours. It appears likely that in complex and mixed tumours versican exists in at least two forms, one of them lacking the CS attachment domain and the 2B1 epitope. Furthermore, the enhanced versican expression in the invasive areas of malignant tumours indicates the involvement of this proteoglycan in tumour cell invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Erdélyi
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utretcht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Abstract
The Pap test is a successful method of preventing cervical cancer, but it does have significant false negative and false positive rates. The main aim of screening is the detection of precursor lesions, both regression and progression of which may occur, making it difficult to decide upon follow-up and further therapy. Around the world there are many differences, as a far as the frequency of the disease, the organization and economic background of the health care system, the use of different additional diagnostic tools and even the terminology considered. All these factors underline the importance of a consensus on a "minimum level" of obligations to provide appropriate patient management. The screening interval should be two to five years, in some cases even annually. The cytopathologist has an obligation to recommend repeat smears in cases of cytologic abnormalities likely to regress. We recommend the use of standard terminology and stress the importance of a "common language" in cervical cytology. Colposcopy and biopsy are obligatory in cases of HSIL and cancer. We suggest that in severe cases women should be provided with detailed written and verbal information.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Vass
- International Consensus Conference on the Fight Against Cervical Cancer, IAC Task Force 11 Summary, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Russack V, Vass L, Gupta PK. Comparison of morphologic features of benign hepatocytes associated with nonmalignant and malignant liver lesions. Acta Cytol 1993; 37:153-7. [PMID: 8465633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
In fine needle aspirates (FNAs) of focal liver lesions, the absence of neoplastic cells and presence of hepatocytes with prominent reactive changes often raise the question of whether the lesion was adequately sampled or whether the aspirate represents an area adjacent to the neoplasm. To study this problem we reviewed 51 FNAs of focal liver lesions: 29 metastatic deposits, 4 primary malignancies and 18 nonneoplastic lesions. Fifteen cytologic features were scored on a scale of 0-3 by two independent observers using conventional light microscopy. Hepatocytes in 18 aspirates of nonneoplastic lesions showed considerable degrees of cytoplasmic vacuolation, nuclear enlargement, cytoplasmic pigmentation, binucleation, anisonucleosis and intranuclear inclusions. In contrast, hepatocytes in 29 aspirates of metastatic deposits displayed a considerably lower degree of some of these features (cytoplasmic pigment, binucleation, anisonucleosis and nuclear enlargement.) The four aspirates of hepatocellular carcinoma showed nuclear enlargement of hepatocytes comparable to that in the nonmalignant aspirates; other accompanying features, however, were less conspicuous. We conclude that marked cytologic alterations in hepatocytes are seen most frequently in FNAs of nonneoplastic liver lesions, such as focal nodular hyperplasia, cirrhosis, abscess and hepatitis, and that hepatocytes accompanying metastatic deposits typically show less-pronounced cytologic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Russack
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
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Vass L, Limjoco JM, Gupta PK. Fine needle aspiration of a rheumatoid nodule. Acta Cytol 1992; 36:107-8. [PMID: 1546504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Kovács G, Merkle K, Lessel A, Nemeth G, Kunde D, Vass L. [Results of irradiation using different radiation sources in the treatment of malignant parotid tumors]. Strahlenther Onkol 1987; 163:84-9. [PMID: 3031839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Patients with malignant parotid tumors were treated at two different centres with slightly ionizing radiation (110 patients) and neutron therapy (15 patients). The treatment results are compared. The principles of comparison applied in this analysis are identical. The histologic classification was made according to the W.H.O. recommendation of 1972 and the staging according to Becske. Local tumor control is the criterion applied in the comparative assessment of both methods. The analysis has shown that there is no significant difference in the treatment results within the individual stages of tumor's advancement after application of an orthovolt therapy and a telecobalt therapy. Patients treated in early stages (stages I and III) had a substantially higher rate of local tumor control (72%) than patients in advanced stages (46%, stages III and IV). A more favorable treatment results was achieved by neutron therapy in all stages of tumor's advancement. In this case the rate of patients with local tumor control (87%) was significantly higher than after radiotherapy with slightly ionizing radiation (46%).
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Granberg-Ohman I, Hast R, Vass L. Studies on human preleukaemia. III: Chromosomal abnormalities in aregenerative anaemia with hypercellular bone marrow. Haematologica 1980; 65:421-26. [PMID: 6774914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
MESH Headings
- Aged
- Anemia, Aplastic/genetics
- Chromosome Aberrations
- Chromosomes, Human, 1-3
- Chromosomes, Human, 16-18
- Chromosomes, Human, 4-5
- Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X
- Female
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Preleukemia/genetics
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Wager J, Granberg I, Vass L, Auer G. A benign serous ovarian cystadenoma studied by chromosome and quantitative DNA analysis. Acta Cytol 1977; 21:774-6. [PMID: 274883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In a benign serous ovarian cystadenoma studied by chromosome and quantitative DNA analysis, a diploid mode was found in cells from the cystic wall. The cells from the cystic fluid, however, showed both a diploid and a triploid population. The latter may represent a fist step into malignant transformation.
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Granberg I, Mark J, Vass L. [Chromosomal diagnosis of exudate]. Lakartidningen 1977; 74:3543-5. [PMID: 904395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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21
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Vass L. [Analytical reliability in the determination of total serum thyroxine using competitive protein-binding analysis]. Med Lab (Stuttg) 1976; 29:292-9. [PMID: 827674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Sellyei M, Vass L, Krausz T. Non-random appearance of Y-chromatin-like fluorescence in the nuclei of thyroid and brain and its chromosomal background. Humangenetik 1975; 27:339-42. [PMID: 1150254 DOI: 10.1007/bf00278428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Non-random distribution of fluorescing chromatin bodies resembling Y chromatin was observed among the cell populations of various organs obtained by autopsy of 52 adults. This type of Y-chromatin-like fluorescence is more frequent in thyroid and brain than in other organs. The Y-chromatin-like bodies of thyroid nuclei are not closely correlated with the brilliantly fluorescing autosomal blocks of lymphocyte mitoses of the same persons, as it was demonstrated in surgical cases.
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Sellyei M, Vass L, Krausz T. [Organ specific structure of the cell nucleus]. Orv Hetil 1975; 116:783-6. [PMID: 1118146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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25
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Kovács M, Sellyei M, Szabó A, Vass L. [Screening criminals for double chromosome Y]. Orv Hetil 1973; 114:2896-901. [PMID: 4759209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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26
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Vass L, Sellyei M. [Tumors and the absence of Y chromosomes and Y chromatin in solid tumors in males]. Orv Hetil 1973; 114:2770-4. [PMID: 4754506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Kovãcs M, Vass L, Sellyei M. Detection of Y chromatin and Barr bodies in histological sections by quinacrine fluorescence. Stain Technol 1973; 48:94-6. [PMID: 4121361 DOI: 10.3109/10520297309116590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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32
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Vass L. [Studies on the photometric determination of total serum cholesterol]. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 1972; 102:914-6. [PMID: 5034538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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35
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Udvardi G, Vass L. [Aortic aneurysm rupturing into the duodenum]. Orv Hetil 1972; 113:1243-4. [PMID: 5025546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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36
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