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Shehata MM, Mahmoud SH, Tarek M, Al-Karmalawy AA, Mahmoud A, Mostafa A, M. Elhefnawi M, Ali MA. In Silico and In Vivo Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 Predicted Epitopes-Based Candidate Vaccine. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26206182. [PMID: 34684763 PMCID: PMC8540548 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26206182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of coronavirus disease (COVID-19)) has caused relatively high mortality rates in humans throughout the world since its first detection in late December 2019, leading to the most devastating pandemic of the current century. Consequently, SARS-CoV-2 therapeutic interventions have received high priority from public health authorities. Despite increased COVID-19 infections, a vaccine or therapy to cover all the population is not yet available. Herein, immunoinformatics and custommune tools were used to identify B and T-cells epitopes from the available SARS-CoV-2 sequences spike (S) protein. In the in silico predictions, six B cell epitopes QTGKIADYNYK, TEIYQASTPCNGVEG, LQSYGFQPT, IRGDEVRQIAPGQTGKIADYNYKLPD, FSQILPDPSKPSKRS and PFAMQMAYRFNG were cross-reacted with MHC-I and MHC-II T-cells binding epitopes and selected for vaccination in experimental animals for evaluation as candidate vaccine(s) due to their high antigenic matching and conserved score. The selected six peptides were used individually or in combinations to immunize female Balb/c mice. The immunized mice raised reactive antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in two different short peptides located in receptor binding domain and S2 region. In combination groups, an additive effect was demonstrated in-comparison with single peptide immunized mice. This study provides novel epitope-based peptide vaccine candidates against SARS-CoV-2.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- COVID-19/prevention & control
- COVID-19/virology
- COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage
- COVID-19 Vaccines/chemistry
- Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte/chemistry
- Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte/immunology
- Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte/metabolism
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/chemistry
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/metabolism
- Female
- Humans
- Immunization
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Peptides/chemistry
- Peptides/immunology
- Peptides/metabolism
- SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification
- SARS-CoV-2/metabolism
- Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/chemistry
- Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud M. Shehata
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt; (S.H.M.); (A.M.); (M.A.A.)
- Institute of Medical Virology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Correspondence: or (M.M.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Sara H. Mahmoud
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt; (S.H.M.); (A.M.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Mohammad Tarek
- Bioinformatics Department, Armed Forces College of Medicine (AFCM), Cairo 11757, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed A. Al-Karmalawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta 34518, Egypt;
| | - Amal Mahmoud
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box. 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: or (M.M.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Ahmed Mostafa
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt; (S.H.M.); (A.M.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Mahmoud M. Elhefnawi
- National Research Centre, Biomedical Informatics and Cheminformatics Group, Informatics and Systems Department, Cairo 12622, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed A. Ali
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt; (S.H.M.); (A.M.); (M.A.A.)
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2
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Hamza H, Shehata MM, Mostafa A, Pleschka S, Planz O. Improved in vitro Efficacy of Baloxavir Marboxil Against Influenza A Virus Infection by Combination Treatment With the MEK Inhibitor ATR-002. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:611958. [PMID: 33679636 PMCID: PMC7928405 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.611958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, all available antiviral drugs against influenza virus (IV) that target the virus proteins directly, like Baloxavir acid (BXA), lead to viral resistance. Therefore, cellular mechanisms and factors essential for IV replication are promising antiviral targets. As IV strongly depends on the virus-induced Raf/MEK/ERK signal pathway for efficient generation of infectious progeny virions, this pathway represents an important target. We aimed to determine whether the MEK inhibitor ATR-002 (PD0184264) is able to impair replication of BXA-resistant influenza A virus (IAV) and whether a treatment combining BXA and ATR-002 improves the therapeutic efficiency in vitro. A549 cells infected with different IAV strains including BXA-resistant variants were treated with ATR-002 or BXA and the effect on virus titer reduction was determined. The synergistic effect of ATR-002 and BXA was also analyzed using different evaluation methods. The data demonstrated that ATR-002 has a significant and dose-dependent inhibitory effect on IAV replication across different strains and subtypes. IAV with the PA-I38T mutation shows resistance against BXA, but is still susceptible toward ATR-002. The combination of ATR-002 and BXA exhibited a synergistic potency reflected by low combination index values. In conclusion, we show that ATR-002 permits to counteract the limitations of BXA against BXA-resistant IAV. Moreover, the results support the use of ATR-002 (i) in a mono-therapy, as well as (ii) in a combined approach together with BXA. These findings might also apply to the treatment of infections with IAV, resistant against other direct-acting antiviral compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazem Hamza
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Cell Biology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Virology Laboratory, Environmental Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M Shehata
- Virology Laboratory, Environmental Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.,Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Mostafa
- Virology Laboratory, Environmental Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.,Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.,Institute of Medical Virology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Stephan Pleschka
- Institute of Medical Virology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Oliver Planz
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Cell Biology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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3
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Kandeil A, Gomaa M, Nageh A, Shehata MM, Kayed AE, Sabir JSM, Abiadh A, Jrijer J, Amr Z, Said MA, Byarugaba DK, Wabwire-Mangen F, Tugume T, Mohamed NS, Attar R, Hassan SM, Linjawi SA, Moatassim Y, Kutkat O, Mahmoud S, Bagato O, Shama NMA, El-Shesheny R, Mostafa A, Perera RA, Chu DK, Hassan N, Elsokary B, Saad A, Sobhy H, El Masry I, McKenzie PP, Webby RJ, Peiris M, Makonnen YJ, Ali MA, Kayali G. Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in Dromedary Camels in Africa and Middle East. Viruses 2019; 11:v11080717. [PMID: 31387326 PMCID: PMC6723520 DOI: 10.3390/v11080717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dromedary camels are the natural reservoirs of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Camels are mostly bred in East African countries then exported into Africa and Middle East for consumption. To understand the distribution of MERS-CoV among camels in North Africa and the Middle East, we conducted surveillance in Egypt, Senegal, Tunisia, Uganda, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, and Iraq. We also performed longitudinal studies of three camel herds in Egypt and Jordan to elucidate MERS-CoV infection and transmission. Between 2016 and 2018, a total of 4027 nasal swabs and 3267 serum samples were collected from all countries. Real- time PCR revealed that MERS-CoV RNA was detected in nasal swab samples from Egypt, Senegal, Tunisia, and Saudi Arabia. Microneutralization assay showed that antibodies were detected in all countries. Positive PCR samples were partially sequenced, and a phylogenetic tree was built. The tree suggested that all sequences are of clade C and sequences from camels in Egypt formed a separate group from previously published sequences. Longitudinal studies showed high seroprevalence in adult camels. These results indicate the widespread distribution of the virus in camels. A systematic active surveillance and longitudinal studies for MERS-CoV are needed to understand the epidemiology of the disease and dynamics of viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Kandeil
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Virus, Environmental Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Mokhtar Gomaa
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Virus, Environmental Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Nageh
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Virus, Environmental Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M Shehata
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Virus, Environmental Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E Kayed
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Virus, Environmental Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Jamal S M Sabir
- Center of excellence in Bionanoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80203, Saudi Arabia
- Biotechnology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80203, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Zuhair Amr
- Department of Biology, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Mounir Abi Said
- Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, Al Fanar 90656, Lebanon
| | - Denis K Byarugaba
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Makerere University, Kampala 7062, Uganda
| | - Fred Wabwire-Mangen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Makerere University, Kampala 7062, Uganda
| | - Titus Tugume
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Makerere University, Kampala 7062, Uganda
| | - Nadira S Mohamed
- Department of Genebank and Genetic Sequence, Forensic DNA Research and Training Center, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad 10072, Iraq
| | - Roba Attar
- Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80203, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabah M Hassan
- Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80203, Saudi Arabia
- Princess Doctor Najla Saud Al-Saud Distinguished Research Center for Biotechnology, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11241, Egypt
| | | | - Yassmin Moatassim
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Virus, Environmental Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Omnia Kutkat
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Virus, Environmental Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Sara Mahmoud
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Virus, Environmental Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Ola Bagato
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Virus, Environmental Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Noura M Abo Shama
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Virus, Environmental Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Rabeh El-Shesheny
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Virus, Environmental Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis TN 38105, USA
| | - Ahmed Mostafa
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Virus, Environmental Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Ranawaka Apm Perera
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, 7 Sassoon Rd, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel Kw Chu
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, 7 Sassoon Rd, Hong Kong, China
| | - Nagla Hassan
- General Organizations of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Nadi Saed St. 1, Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt
| | - Basma Elsokary
- General Organizations of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Nadi Saed St. 1, Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Saad
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Emergency Center for Transboundary, Animal Diseases, Dokki, Giza 12611, Egypt
| | - Heba Sobhy
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Emergency Center for Transboundary, Animal Diseases, Dokki, Giza 12611, Egypt
| | - Ihab El Masry
- Animal Health Services (AGAH), Emergency Centre for Transboundary Animal Diseases (ECTAD), Dokki, Giza 12611, Egypt
| | - Pamela P McKenzie
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis TN 38105, USA
| | - Richard J Webby
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis TN 38105, USA
| | - Malik Peiris
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, 7 Sassoon Rd, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yilma J Makonnen
- Animal Health Services (AGAH), Emergency Centre for Transboundary Animal Diseases (ECTAD), Dokki, Giza 12611, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Ali
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Virus, Environmental Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt.
- Center of excellence in Bionanoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80203, Saudi Arabia.
- Biotechnology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80203, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ghazi Kayali
- Human Link, Hazmieh 1109, Lebanon.
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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4
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Kumar B, Jensen MM, Strielkowski W, Johnston JT, Sharma V, Dandara C, Shehata MM, Struett MM, Nikolaou A, Szymanski DW, Abdul-Ghani R, Cao B, Varzinczak LH, Kerman BE, Arthur PK, Oda FS, Bohon W, Ellwanger JH, Tyner S, Jordan EJ, Murphy C. NextGen Voices: Science-inspired sustainable behavior. Science 2019; 364:822-824. [PMID: 31147504 DOI: 10.1126/science.aax8945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brijesh Kumar
- Dr. Sneh Lata Singla-Pareek's Lab, Plant Stress Biology Lab, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi 110067, India.
| | - Mark Martin Jensen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Wadim Strielkowski
- Centre for Energy Studies, Cambridge Institute for Advanced Studies, Cambridge CB11AH, UK.
| | - Juliet Tegan Johnston
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geo-Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Vandana Sharma
- Department of Hematology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India.
| | - Collet Dandara
- Department of Pathology, Division of Human Genetics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape 7925, South Africa
| | - Mahmoud M Shehata
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt.
| | | | - Athanasia Nikolaou
- German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Planetary Research, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - David W Szymanski
- Department of Natural and Applied Sciences, Bentley University, Waltham, MA 02452, USA.
| | - Rashad Abdul-Ghani
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen.
| | - Bo Cao
- Core Research Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China.
| | - Luiz H Varzinczak
- Department of Zoology, Ecology, and Conservation Graduate Program, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Parana, 81530-000, Brazil.
| | - Bilal Ersen Kerman
- Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul 34810, Turkey.
| | - Patrick Kobina Arthur
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell, and Molecular Biology, University of Ghana, Legon-Accra, GAR LG54, Ghana
| | | | | | - Joel Henrique Ellwanger
- Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 91501-970, Brazil.
| | - Sam Tyner
- CSAFE, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - E Joseph Jordan
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Colin Murphy
- Policy Institute for Energy, Environment, and the Economy, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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5
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Shehata MM, Chu DKW, Gomaa MR, AbiSaid M, El Shesheny R, Kandeil A, Bagato O, Chan SMS, Barbour EK, Shaib HS, McKenzie PP, Webby RJ, Ali MA, Peiris M, Kayali G. Surveillance for Coronaviruses in Bats, Lebanon and Egypt, 2013-2015. Emerg Infect Dis 2016; 22:148-50. [PMID: 26689887 PMCID: PMC4696718 DOI: 10.3201/eid2201.151397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Shehata MM, Gomaa MR, Ali MA, Kayali G. Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: a comprehensive review. Front Med 2016; 10:120-36. [PMID: 26791756 PMCID: PMC7089261 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-016-0430-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus was first identified in 2012 and has since then remained uncontrolled. Cases have been mostly reported in the Middle East, however travel-associated cases and outbreaks have also occurred. Nosocomial and zoonotic transmission of the virus appear to be the most important routes. The infection is severe and highly fatal thus necessitating rapid and efficacious interventions. Here, we performed a comprehensive review of published literature and summarized the epidemiology of the virus. In addition, we summarized the virological aspects of the infection and reviewed the animal models used as well as vaccination and antiviral tested against it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud M Shehata
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mokhtar R Gomaa
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Ali
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ghazi Kayali
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.
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Chu DKW, Poon LLM, Gomaa MM, Shehata MM, Perera RAPM, Abu Zeid D, El Rifay AS, Siu LY, Guan Y, Webby RJ, Ali MA, Peiris M, Kayali G. MERS coronaviruses in dromedary camels, Egypt. Emerg Infect Dis 2015; 20:1049-53. [PMID: 24856660 PMCID: PMC4036765 DOI: 10.3201/eid2006.140299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We identified the near-full-genome sequence (29,908 nt, >99%) of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) from a nasal swab specimen from a dromedary camel in Egypt. We found that viruses genetically very similar to human MERS-CoV are infecting dromedaries beyond the Arabian Peninsula, where human MERS-CoV infections have not yet been detected.
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8
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Kayali G, Kandeil A, El-Shesheny R, Kayed AS, Gomaa MM, Maatouq AM, Shehata MM, Moatasim Y, Bagato O, Cai Z, Rubrum A, Kutkat MA, McKenzie PP, Webster RG, Webby RJ, Ali MA. Active surveillance for avian influenza virus, Egypt, 2010-2012. Emerg Infect Dis 2014; 20:542-51. [PMID: 24655395 PMCID: PMC3966394 DOI: 10.3201/eid2004.131295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Continuous circulation of influenza A(H5N1) virus among poultry in Egypt has created an epicenter in which the viruses evolve into newer subclades and continue to cause disease in humans. To detect influenza viruses in Egypt, since 2009 we have actively surveyed various regions and poultry production sectors. From August 2010 through January 2013, >11,000 swab samples were collected; 10% were positive by matrix gene reverse transcription PCR. During this period, subtype H9N2 viruses emerged, cocirculated with subtype H5N1 viruses, and frequently co-infected the same avian host. Genetic and antigenic analyses of viruses revealed that influenza A(H5N1) clade 2.2.1 viruses are dominant and that all subtype H9N2 viruses are G1-like. Cocirculation of different subtypes poses concern for potential reassortment. Avian influenza continues to threaten public and animal health in Egypt, and continuous surveillance for avian influenza virus is needed.
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9
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Kandeil A, El-Shesheny R, Maatouq AM, Moatasim Y, Shehata MM, Bagato O, Rubrum A, Shanmuganatham K, Webby RJ, Ali MA, Kayali G. Genetic and antigenic evolution of H9N2 avian influenza viruses circulating in Egypt between 2011 and 2013. Arch Virol 2014; 159:2861-76. [PMID: 24990416 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-014-2118-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Avian influenza virus subtype H9N2 has been circulating in the Middle East since the 1990s. For uncertain reasons, H9N2 was not detected in Egyptian farms until the end of 2010. Circulation of H9N2 viruses in Egyptian poultry in the presence of the enzootic highly pathogenic H5N1 subtype adds a huge risk factor to the Egyptian poultry industry. In this study, 22 H9N2 viruses collected from 2011 to 2013 in Egypt were isolated and sequenced. The genomic signatures and protein sequences of these isolates were analyzed. Multiple mammalian-host-associated mutations were detected that favor transmission from avian to mammalian hosts. Other mutations related to virulence were also identified. Phylogenetic data showed that Egyptian H9N2 viruses were closely related to viruses isolated from neighboring Middle Eastern countries, and their HA gene resembled those of viruses of the G1-like lineage. No reassortment was detected with H5N1 subtypes. Serological analysis of H9N2 virus revealed antigenic conservation among Egyptian isolates. Accordingly, continuous surveillance that results in genetic and antigenic characterization of H9N2 in Egypt is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Kandeil
- Environmental Research Division, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth Street, Dokki, Giza, 12311, Egypt
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10
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Perera RA, Wang P, Gomaa MR, El-Shesheny R, Kandeil A, Bagato O, Siu LY, Shehata MM, Kayed AS, Moatasim Y, Li M, Poon LL, Guan Y, Webby RJ, Ali MA, Peiris JS, Kayali G. Seroepidemiology for MERS coronavirus using microneutralisation and pseudoparticle virus neutralisation assays reveal a high prevalence of antibody in dromedary camels in Egypt, June 2013. Euro Surveill 2013; 18:pii=20574. [DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es2013.18.36.20574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a novel spike pseudoparticle neutralisation assay (ppNT) for seroepidemiological studies on Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and apply this assay together with conventional microneutralisation (MN) tests to investigate 1,343 human and 625 animal sera. The sera were collected in Egypt as a region adjacent to areas where MERS has been described, and in Hong Kong, China as a control region. Sera from dromedary camels had a high prevalence of antibody reactive to MERS-CoV by MERS NT (93.6%) and MERS ppNT (98.2%) assay. The antibody titres ranged up to 1,280 and higher in MN assays and 10,240 and higher in ppNT assays. No other investigated species had any antibody reactivity to MERS-CoV. While seropositivity does not exclude the possibility of infection with a closely related virus, our data highlight the need to attempt detection of MERS-CoV or related coronaviruses in dromedary camels. The data show excellent correlation between the conventional MN assay and the novel ppNT assay. The newly developed ppNT assay does not require Biosafety Level 3 containment and is thus a relatively high-throughput assay, well suited for large-scale seroepidemiology studies which are needed to better understand the ecology and epidemiology of MERS-CoV.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Perera
- These authors contributed equally to the work and are joint first authors
- Centre of Influenza Research, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - P Wang
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals, Chinese Academy of Sciences - University of Tokyo Joint Laboratory of Structural Virology and Immunology, Beijing, China
- Hong Kong University-Pasteur Research Pole, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- These authors contributed equally to the work and are joint first authors
| | - M R Gomaa
- Division of Environmental Research, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - R El-Shesheny
- Division of Environmental Research, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - A Kandeil
- Division of Environmental Research, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - O Bagato
- Division of Environmental Research, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - L Y Siu
- Hong Kong University-Pasteur Research Pole, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - M M Shehata
- Division of Environmental Research, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - A S Kayed
- Division of Environmental Research, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Y Moatasim
- Division of Environmental Research, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - M Li
- Hong Kong University-Pasteur Research Pole, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - L L Poon
- Centre of Influenza Research, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Y Guan
- Centre of Influenza Research, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - R J Webby
- Division of Virology, Department of Infectious Diseases, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, United States
| | - M A Ali
- Division of Environmental Research, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - J S Peiris
- Centre of Influenza Research, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - G Kayali
- Division of Virology, Department of Infectious Diseases, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, United States
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11
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ElKestawy MA, Saafan SA, Shehata MM, Saafan AM. Investigation of the electrical properties of some dental composite restorative materials before and after laser exposure. Dent Mater 2006; 22:885-95. [PMID: 16387356 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2005.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2005] [Revised: 09/13/2005] [Accepted: 10/25/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Some electrical properties, such as piezoelectricity, ac conductivity, dielectric constant and loss tangent of nine commercial types of dental composite restorative materials, have been investigated before and after laser exposure for 3s to study the effect of a probable laser exposure during some surgeries on the electrical properties of these materials. No piezoelectric effect has been found in these materials before and after laser exposure. The materials were found to be good insulators (very poorly conducting materials). The temperature and frequency dependence of ac conductivity, dielectric constant and loss tangent have not shown significant changes in values after laser exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A ElKestawy
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Education, Suez Canal University, Suez, Egypt
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12
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el-Ridi AM, Abou-Ragab HA, Ismail MM, Shehata MM, Ramadan ME, Etewa SE. Effect of some drugs on some histopathological and immunological aspects of experimental trichinosis in albino rats. J Egypt Soc Parasitol 1990; 20:99-104. [PMID: 2332669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The present work is concerned with study of the effects of praziquantel, thiabendazole, mebendazole, cyclophosphamide and cortisone on histopathology of the small intestine (during intestinal phase) and skeletal muscles (during muscular phase), in addition to T. lymphocytes count and serum IgG estimation in experimental trichinosis in albino rats. Praziquantel has no effect on the histopathology of small intestine or skeletal muscles. Thiabendazole and mebendazole treatment resulted in complete eradication of Trichinella spiralis worms of small intestine and marked reduction of larval infection (mild infection) of skeletal muscle. Praziquantel, thiabendazole and mebendazole did not affect significantly the T. lymphocytes count of the host during the intestinal phase. Cyclophosphamide and cortisone suppressed the cellular immunity (T. lymphocytes) and accordingly enhanced the parasitic infection in histopathology of both phases. All the drugs tested induced significant reduction of T. lymphocytes in muscular phase (which may be due to parasitic infection itself) and insignificant effect on IgG level in both phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M el-Ridi
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zagazig, Egypt
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13
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Soloman EK, Shehata MM, Shehata YM. The biochemical basis of niridazole toxicity. Chemioterapia 1987; 6:316-7. [PMID: 3509430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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14
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Shehata MM, Ibrahim IA, al Kelech AM, Fahmy el Ghanem MF, Ghanem E. Some studies of the antischistosomal drug, metrifonate. Chemioterapia 1987; 6:173-4. [PMID: 3509383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M M Shehata
- Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
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15
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Shehata MM. Interaction of diphenylhydantoin and some oral hypoglycemic drugs related to carbohydrate metabolism in rats. Pol J Pharmacol Pharm 1980; 32:11-14. [PMID: 7454606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Daily treatment of rats with 50 or 100 mg/kg ip of diphenylhydantoin (DPH) for 3 weeks caused a significant elevation of blood glucose level and reduction of hepatic glycogen content. In rats receiving daily oral doses of tolbutamide (100 mg/kg) or phenformin (50 mg/kg) for the last 7 days of DPH treatment, the blood glucose level did not differ from those in the control group; in rats receiving the low doses of DHP, the reduction in hepatic glycogen content was prevented by either hypoglycemic drug; in rats receiving the high dose of DPH in combination with the hypoglycemics the glycogen reduction was smaller than in rats receiving DPH alone. A week's treatment with tolbutamide (100 mg/kg) alone resulted in a significant depression of the blood glucose level and elevation of hepatic glycogen content; phenformin (50 mg/kg) given alone for one week elevated the level of hepatic glycogen, but to a lesser degree than tolbutamide did, and did not affect the blood glucose level.
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16
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Saad SF, Shehata MM. Effect of gonadectomy and sex hormone treatment on pantothenic acid content in the liver of the rats. Mater Med Pol 1978; 10:188-90. [PMID: 723293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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17
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Shehata MM, Saleh S. The relation between liver vitamin content and the duration of Schistosoma mansoni infection in mice. Pol J Pharmacol Pharm 1977; 29:639-43. [PMID: 600863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
To study some changes that take place in the liver after schistosomal infection, the level of five vitamins of the B-complex group was estimated in non-infected mice and in 8, 16 and 20 weeks after the exposure of mice to cercariae of Schisostoma mansoni. Schistosomiasis caused a decrease in the level of thiamine, pantothenic acid, and niacin, but did not affect the concentration of riboflavin and pyridoxine in the liver.
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18
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Shehata MM, Saad SF, El Masry AM, Ghazal A. The effect of mephobarbital and butobarbital on some physical characteristics of dogs saliva. Mater Med Pol 1977; 9:57-9. [PMID: 17793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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19
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Shehata MM, Saad SF, El Masry AM, Ghazal A. The effect of secobarbital and thiamylal on some physical characteristics of dogs saliva. Mater Med Pol 1977; 9:54-6. [PMID: 875456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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