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Calderón-Villarreal A, Terry B, Friedman J, González-Olachea SA, Chavez A, Díaz López M, Pacheco Bufanda L, Martinez C, Medina Ponce SE, Cázares-Adame R, Rochin Bochm PF, Kayser G, Strathdee SA, Muñoz Meléndez G, Holmes SM, Bojorquez I, Los Huertos M, Bourgois P. Deported, homeless, and into the canal: Environmental structural violence in the binational Tijuana River. Soc Sci Med 2022; 305:115044. [PMID: 35633600 PMCID: PMC9585906 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The US deports more Mexicans to Tijuana than any other borderland city. Returning involuntarily as members of a stigmatized underclass, many find themselves homeless and de-facto stateless. Subject to routinized police victimization, many take refuge in the Tijuana River Canal (El Bordo). Previous reports suggest Tijuana River water may be contaminated but prior studies have not accessed the health effects or contamination of the water closest to the river residents. Methods: A binational, transdisciplinary team undertook a socio-environmental, mixed methods assessment to simultaneously characterize Tijuana River water quality with chemical testing, assess the frequency of El Bordo residents’ water-related diseases, and trace water contacts with epidemiological survey methods (n = 85 adults, 18+) in 2019, and ethnographic methods in 2019–2021. Our analysis brings the structural violence framework into conversation with an environmental injustice perspective to documented how social forces drive poor health outcomes enacted through the environment. Results: The Tijuana River water most proximate to its human inhabitants fails numerous water-quality standards, posing acute health risks. Escherichia coli values were ∼40,000 times the Mexican regulatory standard for directly contacted water. Skin infections (47%), dehydration (40%) and diarrhea (28%) were commonly reported among El Bordo residents. Residents are aware the water is contaminated and strive to minimize harm to their health by differentially using local water sources. Their numerous survival constraints, however, are exacerbated by routine police violence which propels residents and other people who inject drugs into involuntary contact with contaminated water. Discussion: Human rights to drinking water, sanitation and hygiene are routinely violated among El Bordo in-habitants. This is exacerbated by violent policing practices that force unhoused deportees to seek refuge in waterways, and drive water contacts. Furthermore, US-Mexico ‘free-trade’ agreements drive rapid growth in Tijuana, restrict Mexican environmental regulation enforcement, and drive underinvestment in sewage systems and infrastructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alhelí Calderón-Villarreal
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, CA, USA; Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University (SDSU), San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - Brendan Terry
- Pomona College, Claremont, CA, USA; Epigenetics Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Joseph Friedman
- University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | - Carlos Martinez
- University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley), Berkeley, CA, USA; University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, USA.
| | | | | | | | - Georgia Kayser
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, UCSD, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - Steffanie A Strathdee
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, UCSD, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | | | | | - Ietza Bojorquez
- El Colegio de La Frontera Norte (El COLEF), Tijuana, Mexico.
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López MD, Toro MT, Riveros G, Illanes M, Noriega F, Schoebitz M, García-Viguera C, Moreno DA. Brassica sprouts exposed to microplastics: Effects on phytochemical constituents. Sci Total Environ 2022; 823:153796. [PMID: 35150680 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) can affect plant biomass, tissue composition, and root traits. However, the effects of MPs on the synthesis of secondary metabolites and on the accumulation of bioactive compounds remain poorly studied. The objective of this work was to analyze accumulation of bioactive compounds in broccoli and radish sprouts grown hydroponically in a substrate containing seven different toxic amounts (from very low to extremely high) of low-density polyethylene (PE). Radish was more severely affected by microplastic pollution than broccoli. The effect on the phytochemical composition was statistically significant in both species compared to control. In this aspect, glucosinolate (GSL) content was negatively affected by MPs decreasing from 182 to 124 mg 100 g-1 at medium doses of MPs in broccoli, whereas these compounds drastically decreased from 253 to 151 mg 100 g-1 at the same doses in radish. Anthocyanin content significantly increased until medium doses of MPs ranging from 6.28 to 11.44 mg 100 g-1 in broccoli whereas in radish was from 2.44 to approximately 4 mg 100 g-1. In addition, other morphological and physiological parameter were considered. The analysis of malondialdehyde (MDA) showed significant effects on broccoli and radish in all the MP treatments. The results revealed that high loads of MPs in the substrate affect growth parameters, lipid peroxidation rate estimated by MDA, and phytochemicals of broccoli and radish sprouts, with differences in response to MPs pollution and intensity between species.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D López
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Concepcion, Avenida Vicente Mendez, 595, 3812120 Chillán, Chile.
| | - M T Toro
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Concepcion, Avenida Vicente Mendez, 595, 3812120 Chillán, Chile.
| | - G Riveros
- Departamento de Suelos y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile; Universidad de Concepción, Víctor Lamas 1290, Concepción 4030000, Chile.
| | - M Illanes
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Concepcion, Avenida Vicente Mendez, 595, 3812120 Chillán, Chile.
| | - F Noriega
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Concepcion, Avenida Vicente Mendez, 595, 3812120 Chillán, Chile.
| | - M Schoebitz
- Departamento de Suelos y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile; Universidad de Concepción, Víctor Lamas 1290, Concepción 4030000, Chile.
| | - C García-Viguera
- Phytochemistry and Healthy Foods Lab (LabFAS), Dept. of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo-25, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - D A Moreno
- Phytochemistry and Healthy Foods Lab (LabFAS), Dept. of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo-25, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
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Lofa A, Velasco V, Gerding M, López MD, Vallejos D, Bonilla AM, Logue CM. Antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains of swine origin: molecular typing and susceptibility to oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) essential oil and maqui (Aristotelia chilensis (Molina) Stuntz) extract. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 127:1048-1056. [PMID: 31328837 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
AIM The molecular typing and the susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus strains of swine origin to antibiotics, oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) essential oil (EO) and Chilean blackberry maqui (Aristotelia chilensis (Molina) Stuntz) extract were determined. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty S. aureus strains of swine origin were subjected to molecular typing, of which six strains were selected for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. The epsilon test (Etest) was used to determine the antibiotic susceptibility. The susceptibility to natural antimicrobials (NAs): oregano EO, maqui extract, thymol (Thy) and carvacrol (Carv), was carried out using the disk diffusion method. The S. aureus strains were genetically diverse. All strains were resistant to at least one class of antibiotic, and two strains were multidrug-resistant. The minimum inhibitory concentration of oregano EO, Thy and Carv was 0·01-0·04%. Maqui extract did not show antistaphylococcal activity. CONCLUSIONS Natural antimicrobials extracted from oregano have an inhibitory activity against S. aureus strains from swine origin, with no effect using maqui extract. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study provides information about the characteristics of S. aureus strains of swine origin, and about the potential use of NAs from oregano to enhance the control of antibiotic-resistant S. aureus strains in the pork supply chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lofa
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile.,Departamento de Ciências, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade José Eduardo dos Santos, Huambo, Angola
| | - V Velasco
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - M Gerding
- Departamento de Producción Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - M D López
- Departamento de Producción Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - D Vallejos
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - A M Bonilla
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - C M Logue
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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Pascual-Villalobos MJ, López MD, Castañé C, Soler A, Riudavets J. Encapsulated Essential Oils as an Alternative to Insecticides in Funnel Traps. J Econ Entomol 2015; 108:2117-2120. [PMID: 26470359 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tov127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Pheromone-lured funnel traps are widely used for pest monitoring and mass trapping in agricultural fields and stores. DDVP vapona (dichlorvos), the insecticide of choice as a killing agent inside traps, has been banned, and research on new products is being pursued. Essential oils (EO) could be an alternative if properly formulated. To test their potential, beads of encapsulated coriander and basil EO were tested in funnel traps in stores of almonds and pet foods during 2 mo. The number of adult moth (Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) and Ephestia kuehniella Zeller) dead captures was similar with either coriander or basil EO beads and with vapona tablets while there were more insects alive in the control. These preliminary results indicate a good potential for the development of such natural products as an alternative to synthetic insecticides to include them inside funnel traps.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Pascual-Villalobos
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Alimentario (IMIDA), C/ Mayor s/n 30150 La Alberca, Murcia, Spain.
| | - M D López
- Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Concepción, Avenida Vicente Méndez 595, Casilla 537 Chillán, Chile
| | - C Castañé
- IRTA, Ctra Cabrils km. 2, 08348 Cabrils, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Soler
- Sanidad Vegetal, Consejería de Agricultura y Agua, C/Mayor s/n 30150 La Alberca, Murcia, Spain
| | - J Riudavets
- IRTA, Ctra Cabrils km. 2, 08348 Cabrils, Barcelona, Spain
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Rico A, Sevillano F, Múnez CJ, López MD, Utrilla V, Rodríguez J, Poza P. Effect of laser remelting on the tribological performance of thermal barrier coatings. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2012; 12:4984-4990. [PMID: 22905563 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2012.4924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Gas turbine's efficiency improves as operating temperature is increased. For this reason, metallic components used in turbine engines, for propulsion and power generation, are protected by thermal barrier coatings (TBC). Laser glazing has been used to enhance the oxidation and corrosion resistance of thermally sprayed TBC, but there is no information about the effect of this treatment on the tribological performance. ZrO2(CaO) top coat and NiAIMo bond coating were flame sprayed onto an AlSI 1045 carbon steel. The top coat was laser remelted and a densified ceramic layer was induced in the top surface of the ceramic coating. Both, the as sprayed and the laser remelted top coatings, were formed by cubic ZrO2 with some tetragonal precipitates. The grain size was reduced by the laser treatment. The mechanical properties and the local wear rate were evaluated by depth sensing indentation and scratch tests respectively. The nanoscale wear behaviour was always improved by the laser treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rico
- Departamento de Tecnología Mecánica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, C/Tulipán s.n. 28933 Móstoles (Madrid), Spain
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Español I, Martínez A, López MD, Iturbe T, Tejedor A, García MC, Cavero S, Funes C, Ibáñez J. First report of a medullar cord compression secondary to osseous plasmacytoma successfully treated with bortezomib and dexamethasone. Leuk Res 2010; 34:e97-9. [PMID: 19836836 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2009.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2009] [Revised: 07/31/2009] [Accepted: 09/23/2009] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Medullar cord compression secondary to osseous plasmacytomas affecting the vertebrae is an oncological emergency. A 75-year-old woman with recurrent osseous plasmacytomas and thoracic spinal cord compression, previously treated with radiotherapy, was successfully treated with bortezomib and dexamethasone. Three years later, when the plasmacytoma and spinal cord compression relapsed, she was retreated with the same therapeutic scheme, achieving a new complete clinical remission. This is the first reported case of an excellent response to the combination of bortezomib and dexamethasone for spinal cord compression due to osseous plasmacytoma.
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Herranz A, López MD, Pallard MA, De Andrés J. [Chance finding of a right subclavian artery aneurysm in a preoperative chest film of a patient with dysphagia]. Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim 2008; 55:197. [PMID: 18402002 DOI: 10.1016/s0034-9356(08)70548-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Herranz
- Servicio de Anestesiología, Reanimación y Tratamiento del Dolor, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de Valencia.
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Caramelo C, Soto C, Neira F, López MD, Jiménez S, Albalate M, de Oña R, Llamas P, Deudero JJP. [Reticulocyte response after immediate withdrawal of recombinant human erythropoietin in chronic hemodialysis patients]. Nefrologia 2004; 24:351-6. [PMID: 15455495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The sudden interruption of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients leads to rapid anemization. The mechanisms of this phenomenon are, however, insufficiently understood. The present study examined the response to immediate rHuEPO withdrawal in dialysis patients. METHODS 10 chronic hemodialysis (HD) patients regularly receiving rHuEPO were studied. rHuEPO was stopped and reinitiated after 7 days. Reticulocyte profile, haemoglobin and haematocrit were measured at 0, 7 and 15 days. As a complementary study, and with the purpose of analyzying whether uremia was a relevant factor, 10 non-uremic male Wistar rats were treated with rHuEPO. After two weeks, rHuEPO was withdrawn in 5 animals, and continued for 7 additional days in the remainder. The same variables than in the human study were determined. RESULTS Changes in reticulocyte subtypes from baseline to day 7 were: total 18.2 +/- 0.9 vs 14.3 +/- 1.8% (p < 0.06); high-fluorescence (HFR): 2.6 +/- 0.4 vs 0.75 +/- 0.2 (p < 0.001); medium-fluorescence (MFR): 13.0 +/- 1.1 vs 6.6 +/- 0.9% (p < 0.02); and low-fluorescence (LFR): 84.2 +/- 1.4 vs 92.7 +/- 1% (p NS). The baseline pattern was recovered upon 7 days of rHuEPO reinitiation (p NS). Mean hemoglobin and hematocrit decreased by day 14 (p < 0.02) in spite of rHuEPO reinitiation at day 7. In non-uremic rats, changes were similar to that in the ESRD patients. CONCLUSION rHuEPO induces changes in the reticulocyte pattern, consisting in a reduction of immature reticulocytes. These changes appear to be independent of the presence of uremia. Accordingly, complete rHuEPO withdrawal in HD patients will cause a rapidly-developing anaemia due to an alteration in the reticulocyte maturation series; therefore, sudden rHuEPO interruption should be avoided whenever is possible. As a collateral application, the specific changes described herein have potential use for detecting illegal administration of rHuEPO.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Caramelo
- Servicio de Hematología, Clínica de la Concepción, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Av. Reyes Católicos, 2 28040 Madrid.
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Albalate M, Fernández C, López MD, Gago C, Jarraiz A, Pulido A, González A, Santana H, Hernando P, Gazapo RM, Caramelo C. [Can we increase phosphate removal with conventional hemodialysis?]. Nefrologia 2003; 23:520-7. [PMID: 15002787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of different dialysate buffer and glucose concentrations, membrane surface (S) bigger than 2 m2 and increased dialysate flow (Qd) in phosphate (P) removal. METHODS A. First phase (5 patients): the following variations in dialysate composition were introduced. A: glucose 1.60 g/L, bicarbonate: 39 mEq/L, acetate 4 mEq/L, B: glucose 1.5 g/L bicarbonate 17 mEq/L, acetate 10 mEq/L; C: glucose 0, bicarbonate: 39 mEq/L, acetate 4 mEq/L; and D: glucose 0, bicarbonate 17 mEq/L, acetate 10 mEq/L. B. Second phase (14 patients): variations in S and Qd were: 1. Qd: 500 mL/min + Hemophan 2 m2, 2. Qd: 500 mL/min + Hemophan 2.6 m2, 3. Qd: 750 mL/min + Hemophan 2 m2, 4. Qd: 750 mL/min + Hemophan 2.6 m2. RESULTS Comparing HDs performed with low bicarbonate (B and D) respect to current buffer formulations (A and C), total P removal was 997.3 (+/- 237.3) vs 882 (+/- 216.1) mg (p NS). No differences were found by grouping the sessions according to glucose concentration. There were no significant differences in total phosphate removal between the two different S or Qd. The most important predictive factor of total P removal was the initial P and 2 hours serum P concentration, and PTH concentration. CONCLUSIONS i) Removal of P is better predicted by pre-dialysis P serum concentration; ii) P removal was not affected by the changes in bicarbonate and glucose concentration in the dialysate; iii) the increase of the dialyzer area between 2 and 2.6 m2 augments Kt/V, but without influencing P elimination; iv) a higher Qd does not determine significant differences in P removal and v) higher PTH is associated with a higher P elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Albalate
- Servicio de Nefrología, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, España
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Caramelo C, Goicoechea M, Albalate M, Nieto L, Melero R, Berlanga JR, López MD, González Pacheco F, Marrón B, Alvarez Arroyo MV, Castilla MA, Yagüe S, Deudero JJ, Ortiz A. [Structural changes and vascular calcifications in uremia]. Nefrologia 2002; 21:538-47. [PMID: 11881423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C Caramelo
- Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, Fundación Renal Iñigo Alvarez de Toledo, Madrid.
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Bello E, Caramelo C, Martell N, Alcázar JM, González J, López MD, Ruilope LM, González FR, Rovira AM, Gazapo R, Soldevilla MJ, Casado S. Impairment of renal vasodilation with l-arginine is related to more severe disease in untreated hypertensive patients. Hypertension 2001; 38:907-12. [PMID: 11641307 DOI: 10.1161/hy1001.091783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Data remain insufficient to place the decreased response to L-arginine in hypertensive patients within a consistent pathophysiological sequence. The aim of the present study in patients with essential hypertension was to assess the relationships between the response to L-arginine and a set of relevant clinical and laboratory parameters. In this prospective, interventional study, we administered L-arginine to untreated hypertensive individuals and healthy control subjects and measured the clearance of inulin and of para-aminohippurate and a set of biochemical and clinical variables. L-Arginine infusion revealed major differences between control subjects and 1 subgroup (group B) of hypertensive individuals. Group B hypertensives (n=18) had no increase in inulin clearance and no decrease in renal vascular resistance with L-arginine; however, in another subset of hypertensive patients (group A, n=27), the insulin clearance increased and renal vascular resistance decreased similar to the control group (group C, n=11). The ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in group B showed both an increased mean diastolic pressure and a "nondipper" pattern in the nocturnal regulation of arterial pressure. These findings in group B were accompanied by significant alterations in optic fundus and left ventricle hypertrophy and increased microalbuminuria (all, P<0.05). Furthermore, group B individuals had significantly lower values of HDL cholesterol and a higher baseline atherogenic index, plasma insulin level, and glucose/insulin index. We disclose a previously undescribed relationship between end organ repercussion and decreased renal hemodynamic response to L-arginine. Our results may help to understand the mechanisms that lead to target organ damage in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bello
- Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Hypertension Units, Hospital Clínico de San Carlos, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
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Low JN, López MD, Arranz Mascarós P, Cobo Domingo J, Godino ML, López Garzón R, Gutiérrez MD, Melguizo M, Ferguson G, Glidewell C. N-(6-Amino-3,4-dihydro-3-methyl-5-nitroso-4-oxopyrimidin-2-yl) derivatives of glycine, valine, serine, threonine and methionine: interplay of molecular, molecular-electronic and supramolecular structures. Acta Crystallogr B 2000; 56 ( Pt 5):882-92. [PMID: 11006564 DOI: 10.1107/s0108768100005437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2000] [Accepted: 04/07/2000] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In each of N-(6-amino-3, 4-dihydro-3-methyl-5-nitroso-4-oxopyrimidin-2-yl)valine, C(10)H(15)N(5)O(4) (3) (orthorhombic, P2(1)2(1)2(1)), N-(6-amino-3, 4-dihydro-3-methyl-5-nitroso-4-oxopyrimidin-2-yl)serine monohydrate, C(8)H(11)N(5)O(5).H(2)O (4) (orthorhombic, P2(1)2(1)2(1)), and N-(6-amino-3, 4-dihydro-3-methyl-5-nitroso-4-oxopyrimidin-2-yl)threonine, C(9)H(13)N(5)O(5)(5) (monoclinic, P2(1)), the C-nitroso fragments exhibit almost equal C-N and N-O bond lengths: the C-N range is 1. 315 (3)-1.329 (3) A and the N-O range is 1.293 (3)-1.326 (3) A. In each compound there are also very short intermolecular O-H.O hydrogen bonds, in which carboxyl groups act as hydrogen-bond donors to the nitrosyl O atoms: the O.O distances range from 2.440 (2) to 2. 504 (4) A and the O-H.O angles lie between 161 and 163 degrees. An interpretation of the relationship between the unusual intramolecular bond lengths and the very short intermolecular hydrogen bonds has been developed based on database analysis and computational modelling. In each of (3)-(5) there is an extensive network of intermolecular hydrogen bonds, generating three-dimensional frameworks in (3) and (5), and two-dimensional sheets in (4).
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Affiliation(s)
- J N Low
- Department of Applied Physics and Electronic and Mechanical Engineering, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, Scotland
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Bello E, Caramelo C, López MD, Soldevilla MJ, Gonzalez-Pacheco FR, Rovira A, Delgado RG, Alcazar JM, Martell N, González J, Ruilope LM, Casado S. Induction of microalbuminuria by l-arginine infusion in healthy individuals: an insight into the mechanisms of proteinuria. Am J Kidney Dis 1999; 33:1018-25. [PMID: 10352188 DOI: 10.1016/s0272-6386(99)70137-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Despite evidence from individuals with diabetes mellitus or reduced renal mass, the actual relationship between protein- or amino acid-induced changes in renal function and urinary albumin excretion (UAE) is largely unknown in subjects without renal disease. In humans, infusions of l-arginine have been used recently in vascular and renal pathophysiological studies. The present study was undertaken to analyze the mechanisms involved in a particular effect; namely, the behavior of UAE during amino acid loading. A prospective interventional protocol was performed on 10 healthy adults by means of an intravenous infusion of l-arginine. The main results show that l-arginine induced a significant increase in UAE from 13.1 +/- 3.8 before to 53.3 +/- 11.1 microgram/min after the infusion (P < 0.005). This increment was simultaneous to an increase in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal plasma flow (RPF). Furthermore, l-arginine markedly increased the urinary excretion of beta2-microglobulin. UAE correlated significantly with GFR (r = 0. 738; P = 0.014) and RPF (r = 0.942; P < 0.0001), but not with urinary beta2-microglobulin (r = 0.05; P = not significant). Furthermore, marked differences (P = 0.001) were found between the percentage of increase in UAE (306.8% +/- 163.2%) with respect to either albumin filtered load (FLAlb; 57.9% +/- 16.3%) and beta2-microglobulin excretion (1,088.5% +/- 424.6%). No changes were found in vehicle-infused individuals. In conclusion, the present study shows, in controlled conditions, that l-arginine infusion induces a relevant increase in UAE in healthy individuals that significantly exceeds that expected from the increase in GFR alone. The intense and simultaneous increment in beta2-microglobulin excretion strongly suggests that the effect of l-arginine on UAE is, in a relevant part, mediated through a blockade in the tubular protein reabsorption pathways. However, the profound differences observed in the changes induced by l-arginine on UAE and beta2-microglobulin excretion and the differences in the correlation of UAE and beta2-microglobulin with respect to GFR suggest that substantial diversity exists in the mechanisms by which l-arginine affects the renal management of albumin and beta2-microglobulin. These findings are relevant for understanding the renal response to l-arginine and protein/amino acid loads.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bello
- Hypertension Units, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
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14
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Caramelo C, de Sequera P, López MD, Ortiz A. Hand-borne mechanisms of dissemination of hepatitis C virus in dialysis units: basis for new addenda to the present preventive strategies. Clin Nephrol 1999; 51:59-60. [PMID: 9988149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
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15
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Funes C, Majado MJ, González C, Ibáñez J, López MD. [Prognostic significance of serum immunoglobulins in chronic lymphocytic leukemia]. Sangre (Barc) 1995; 40:438-9. [PMID: 8553185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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16
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Ariza A, Coll J, Fernández-Figueras MT, López MD, Mate JL, García O, Fernández-Vasalo A, Navas-Palacios JJ. Desmin myopathy: a multisystem disorder involving skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle. Hum Pathol 1995; 26:1032-7. [PMID: 7672786 DOI: 10.1016/0046-8177(95)90095-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Myopathy associated with desmin-type intermediate filaments is an uncommon disorder of skeletal and/or cardiac muscle. The present study focuses on a 28-year-old man with generalized muscular atrophy, cardiomyopathy, and intestinal malabsorption and pseudo-obstruction. Abundant sarcoplasmic granular and filamentous aggregates that were ultrastructurally continuous with Z lines or dense bodies and exhibited intense immunostaining for desmin were present throughout the skeletal musculature, myocardium, and smooth muscle of the intestine. Moreover, neurofilament-immunoreactive axonal spheroids were identified in the spinal cord and roots. These widely distributed findings illustrate the multisystemic character of desmin myopathy, which in this instance first adds intestinal smooth muscle involvement to its already known skeletal and cardiac muscle manifestations. The additional presence of neurofilament aggregates in the spinal cord and roots constitutes an extremely rare conjunction of intermediate filament pathology of the neuromuscular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ariza
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
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17
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Ariza A, López MD, Mate JL, Curós A, Villagrasa M, Navas-Palacios JJ. Giant cell myocarditis: monocytic immunophenotype of giant cells in a case associated with ulcerative colitis. Hum Pathol 1995; 26:121-3. [PMID: 7821909 DOI: 10.1016/0046-8177(95)90124-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Giant cell myocarditis (GCM) is a rare condition whose histologic hallmark, the multinucleate giant cell, is of debated origin (monocytic v myogenic). We report the case of a 46-year-old woman with a previous diagnosis of ulcerative colitis who rapidly deteriorated and died as the result of refractory ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Postmortem examination showed a diffuse infiltration of the myocardium by round cells and multinucleate giant cells. Immunohistochemically, round cells were demonstrated to be T lymphocytes admixed with monocytes. Multinucleate giant cells expressed monocytic markers (MAC 387, lysozyme) and were negative for muscle markers (actin, desmin, myoglobin). This case illustrates the monocytic and macrophagic nature of multinucleate giant cells and lends support to the autoimmune hypothesis of GCM by the concurrence of the latter with ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ariza
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
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18
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Abstract
Two new cytotoxic tetronic acid derivatives with a rearranged drimane skeleton [1a and 1b], were isolated from the sponge Dactylospongia elegans, along with smenospongic acid [3], illimaquinone [4], dactylospongenones A, B, C, and D [5], and dictyoceratin C [6]. The structures of 1a and 1b were elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical methods. Treatment of 1 with base gave smenospongic acid [3], suggesting that this latter compound is an end-product of D. elegans metabolism. A biogenetic route from furoterpenes to the tetronic acids [1a and b] and smenospongic acid [3] is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D López
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Santiago, Spain
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19
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Caramelo C, Carreño V, González Parra E, Quiroga JA, Garrón MP, Marriott E, Ortiz A, Galera A, López MD, Porres JC. Positive Elisa 2 is pathologically relevant in Elisa-1-negative patients on hemodialysis. Nephron Clin Pract 1992; 61:474. [PMID: 1323798 DOI: 10.1159/000186972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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20
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Fernández-Pardo J, Rubiés-Prat J, Pedro-Botet J, Terrer C, López MD, Sentí M, Nogués X. High density lipoprotein subfractions and physical activity: changes after moderate and heavy exercise training. Rev Esp Fisiol 1991; 47:181-6. [PMID: 1812540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The changes in high density lipoprotein (HDL) subfractions have been studied in 106 young healthy men after two months of physical training at a military base. Forty subjects were placed on a heavy intensity training program (HITP) with a daily average energy expenditure estimated as 3,504 Kcal, and 66 subjects followed a moderate intensity training program (MITP) with an average energy expenditure estimated as 2,942 Kcal/day. The HITP group reduced their body fat while HDL-cholesterol, HDL2-cholesterol and apoprotein (apo) A-I increased by 8.4%, 30% and 16.9% respectively (p less than 0.001). Body fat of MITP subjects did not change and HDL-cholesterol, HDL2-cholesterol and apo A-I increased by 5.6% (p less than 0.05), 17.1% (p less than 0.001) and 5.6% (p less than 0.05), respectively. The increase in serum apo A-I level was significantly higher (p less than 0.005) in the heavy intensity training group. The apo A-I/A-II ratio increased significantly in both groups (p less than 0.001), reflecting an increase in the HDL2/HDL3 ratio. This is in agreement with the significant increase in HDL2-cholesterol in both groups (p less than 0.001) with no change or decrease in HDL3-cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Fernández-Pardo
- Departamento de Medicina, Hospital General, Universidad de Murcia, Spain
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