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Pellegrini E, Contin M, Mazhar S, Bravo C, De Nobili M. Flooding by sea and brackish waters enhances mobility of Cd, Zn and Pb from airborne dusts in coastal soils. Sci Total Environ 2024; 922:171038. [PMID: 38378058 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Sea level rise and extreme weather conditions caused by climatic changes enhance the frequency and length of submersion events in coastal soils, causing deposited airborne dusts to get in contact with marine salts. The behaviour of Cd, Zn and Pb from pedogenetic minerals and from dusts from mining and smelting activities, added to two soils under different agricultural management (arable and grassland) was examined after soil flooding for 1, 7 and 30 days with waters of increasing salinities (0, 4.37, 8.75, 17.25 and 34.5 g L-1). A rain water event following 1 d flooding released an extra amount of metals. Concentration of potentially toxic elements (PTE), pH, dissolved inorganic and organic C were measured in solutions collected by gravity from soil columns. Speciation distribution of leached metals and oversaturation parameters were calculated by Visual Minteq 3.0 and showed that complexation by chloride ions for Cd and fulvic acids for Pb were the drivers of solubilisation, while Zn interacted with both. Results showed that marine salts enhance up to 300 times leaching of Cd, and several times that of Zn and Pb from contaminated soils and that airborne toxic elements are much more mobilized than pedogenic ones. Smelter exhaust metals, particularly Pb, were made more mobile than those in mine tailings (up to 55 against 0.7 ng μg-1 Pb). Soil management strongly also influence mobilization by saline water: much lower amounts were leached from the grassland soil. Soil organic matter quality (DOC and humification) affects the extent of mobilization. The length of the flooding period did not result in coherent time trend patterns for the three metals, probably because of the multiple changes in solution parameters, but leached metals were always highly linearly correlated negatively with pH and positively with DOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Pellegrini
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, via delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Marco Contin
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, via delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy.
| | - Sadat Mazhar
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 5, 34128 Trieste, Italy
| | - Carlo Bravo
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria De Nobili
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, via delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy
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Bravo C, De Nobili M, Gambi A, Martin-Neto L, Nascimento OR, Toniolo R. Kinetics of electron transfer reactions by humic substances: Implications for their biogeochemical roles and determination of their electron donating capacity. Chemosphere 2022; 286:131755. [PMID: 34365173 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Humic substances (HS) possess redox active groups covering a wide range of potentials and are used by facultative anaerobic microorganisms as electron acceptors. To serve as suitable electron shuttles for anaerobic respiration, HS should be able to re-oxidize relatively quickly to prevent polarization of the surrounding medium. Mediated electrochemical oxidation and decolorization assays, based on the reduction of the radical ion of 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS•-) allow to determine the electron donating capacity (EDC) of HS, but uncertainties remain about the reaction time that should be allowed to obtain environmentally meaningful EDC values. In this work, we performed a kinetic analysis of the time trend of the reduction of ABTS•- by HS by Vis and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopies and by cyclic voltammetry. We found evidences of two concomitant separate mechanisms of electron exchange: a fast and a slow transfer processes which may have different environmental roles. These results can set a base to identify the appropriate conditions for the spectrophotometric determination of the fast and slow components of the EDC of HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Bravo
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via delle Scienze 208, Udine, I-33100, Italy; Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 5, Trieste, I-34128, Italy
| | - Maria De Nobili
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via delle Scienze 208, Udine, I-33100, Italy.
| | - Alberto Gambi
- DPIA, University of Udine, Via del Cotonificio 108, Udine, I-33100, Italy
| | | | - Otaciro R Nascimento
- Institute of Physics of São Carlos (IFSC), University of São Paulo, CP 369, São Carlos-SP, 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Rosanna Toniolo
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via delle Scienze 208, Udine, I-33100, Italy
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Jez E, Bravo C, Lestan D, Gluhar S, Martin-Neto L, De Nobili M, Contin M. Changes in organic matter composition caused by EDTA washing of two soils contaminated with toxic metals. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:65687-65699. [PMID: 34322798 PMCID: PMC8636399 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15406-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Two soils contaminated with potentially toxic metals (PTMs) contrasting in pH and mineralogy were remediated with CaEDTA, and changes in soil organic matter (SOM) composition were investigated. Previous studies showed no significant loss of SOM from CaEDTA-treated soils, but the results of our study reflected significant decreases (from 46 to 49%) in the free fraction of humic acids (HAs). Remediation affected the composition of the free HA fraction via disturbance of intermolecular bonds - an increase in phenolic and aromatic groups with a simultaneous decrease in carbohydrates - which was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy in both soils. Because non-radical molecules such as carbohydrates were selectively removed, the concentration of free radicals in the free HA fraction increased in acidic soil. The bound fraction of HAs and fulvic acids (FAs) in SOM, which are important due to their stability and the permanent effects they have on the soil's physical properties, remained unchanged in both remediated soils. The effect of soil recultivation was observed only in the excitation emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectra of HAs. In terms of SOM, CaEDTA soil washing can be considered moderately conservative; however, the restoration of free humic fractions is likely to be a long-term process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Jez
- Wine Research Centre, University of Nova Gorica, Vipavska cesta 13, 5000, Nova Gorica, Slovenia
| | - Carlo Bravo
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via delle Scienze 206, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Domen Lestan
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Simon Gluhar
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Maria De Nobili
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via delle Scienze 206, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Marco Contin
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via delle Scienze 206, 33100, Udine, Italy.
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Monazzah M, Tahmasebi Enferadi S, Rabiei Z, De Nobili M. Proteome Changes in Stem Tissues of Sunflower Lines Inoculated with Culture Filtrate of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Iran J Biotechnol 2021; 19:e2722. [PMID: 34825012 PMCID: PMC8590719 DOI: 10.30498/ijb.2021.223625.2722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary cause a deleterious disease on sunflower plants. Oxalic acid is the main pathogenicity factor of S. sclerotiorum. Two dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry have been used in several studies to investigate molecular changes that occur in the plants in response to S. sclerotiorum infection. Comparing responses of resistant and susceptible lines upon pathogen infection provided novel information regarding defense mechanisms against this necrotrophic pathogen. OBJECTIVES The present study reports proteome changes of partially resistant and susceptible sunflower lines under pathogen's culture filtrate treatment, resulting in the characterization of up- and down- regulated proteins. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sunflower partially resistant and susceptible lines with two true leaves were exposed to fungus culture filtrate. The stems of treated and untreated plants were sampled at 24, 48 and 72 hours after treatment for two-dimensional electrophoresis. Twenty spots showed more than 1.5-fold change in abundance were subjected to MALDI/TOF-TOF MS for further analysis. RESULTS The identified proteins were categorized into several classes including carbohydrate and energy metabolism (25%), cellular metabolic process (15%), stress response (15%), plant cell wall biogenesis (10%), photosynthesis (10%), protein metabolism (10%), unknown function (10%) and redox homeostasis (5%). CONCLUSIONS Our proteomic investigation demonstrates an increase in the expression of proteins only in partially resistant line, such as proteins involved in carbohydrate metabolism and plant defense responses (malate dehydrogenase and peroxidase), metabolic process (adenosine kinase), regulating cell redox homeostasis (disulfide isomerase) and lignin biosynthetic process (laccase). Moreover, the expression of pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase, involved in proline biosynthesis, was significantly changed in both sunflower lines in response to pathogen culture filtrate. Proteins which were only up-regulated in the partially resistant lines might have a significant role in mediating the defense against Sclerotinia and could be considered for enhancing resistance against this devastating pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Monazzah
- Department of Plant Molecular Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sattar Tahmasebi Enferadi
- Department of Plant Molecular Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Rabiei
- Department of Plant Molecular Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maria De Nobili
- Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of Udine, Italy
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Zanella A, Ponge JF, Andreetta A, Aubert M, Bernier N, Bonifacio E, Bonneval K, Bolzonella C, Chertov O, Costantini EAC, De Nobili M, Fusaro S, Giannini R, Junod P, Katzensteiner K, Kwiatkowsk-Malina J, Menardi R, Mo L, Mohammad S, Schnitzler A, Sofo A, Tatti D, Hager H. Combined forest and soil management after a catastrophic event. J Mt Sci 2020; 17:2459-2484. [PMID: 33052199 PMCID: PMC7545024 DOI: 10.1007/s11629-019-5890-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
At the end of October 2018, a storm of unprecedented strength severely damaged the forests of the eastern sector of the Italian Alps. The affected forest area covers 42,500 ha. The president of one of the damaged regions asked for help from the University of Padua. After eight months of discussion, the authors of this article wrote a consensus text. The sometimes asper debate brought to light some crucial aspects: 1) even experienced specialists may have various opinions based on scientific knowledge that lead to conflicting proposals for action. For some of them there is evidence that to restore a destroyed natural environment it is more judicious to do nothing; 2) the soil corresponds to a living structure and every ecosystem's management should be based on it; 3) faced with a catastrophe, people and politicians find themselves unarmed, also because they rarely have the scientific background to understand natural processes. Yet politicians are the only persons who make the key decisions that drive the economy in play and therefore determine the near future of our planet. This article is an attempt to respond directly to a governor with a degree in animal production science, who formally and prudently asked a university department called "Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry" for help before taking decisions; 4) the authors also propose an artistic interpretation of facts (uncontrolled storm) and conclusions (listen to the soil). Briefly, the authors identify the soil as an indispensable source for the renewal of the destroyed forest, give indications on how to prepare a map of the soils of the damaged region, and suggest to anchor on this soil map a series of silvicultural and soil management actions that will promote the soil conservation and the faster recovery of the natural dynamic stability and resilience. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL Supplementary material is available for this article at 10.1007/s11629-019-5890-0 and is accessible for authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augusto Zanella
- Dipartimento TESAF, Università degli Studi di Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Padova, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Jean-François Ponge
- Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS UMR 7179, 4 avenue du Petit Château, 91800 Brunoy, France
| | - Anna Andreetta
- Università degli Studi di Firenze Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra (DST) Piazzale delle Cascine, 15 - 50144 Firenze, Italy
| | - Michael Aubert
- URA IRSTEA/EA 1293 — FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, UFR Sciences et Techniques, Université de Rouen, 76821 Mont Saint Aignan cedex, France
| | - Nicolas Bernier
- Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS UMR 7179, 4 avenue du Petit Château, 91800 Brunoy, France
| | - Eleonora Bonifacio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Università degli Studi di Torino, Forestali e Alimentari, Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - Karine Bonneval
- École supérieure des Arts Décoratifs de Strasbourg, 67082 Strasbourg, France
| | - Cristian Bolzonella
- Dipartimento TESAF, Università degli Studi di Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Padova, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Oleg Chertov
- Prof. Emeritus, Dr. habil. Ecology, Albert Schweitzer Str. 20, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Edoardo A. C. Costantini
- Accademia dei Georgofili, Logge degli Uffizi of Florence, 50122 Florence, Italy
- Accademia Nazionale di Agricoltura, Via Castiglione, 11, 40124 Bologna BO, Italy
| | - Maria De Nobili
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, via delle Scienze 209, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Silvia Fusaro
- Dipartimento DAFNAE, Università degli Studi di Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Padova, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Raffaello Giannini
- Accademia italiana di scienze forestali, Piazza Tommaso Alva Edison, 11, 50133 Firenze, Italy
| | - Pascal Junod
- Service de la faune, des forêts et de la nature (SFFN) Route des Chéseaux 9, 2017 Boudry, Switzerland
| | - Klaus Katzensteiner
- Institute of Forest Ecology, Dept. of Forest and Soil Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU) Vienna, Peter Jordanstr. 82, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jolantha Kwiatkowsk-Malina
- Faculty of Geodesy and Cartography, Department of Spatial Planning and Environmental Sciences, Warsaw University of Technology, Politechniki 1 Sq., 00-661, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Roberto Menardi
- Centro Studi Ambiente Alpino, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via F. Ossi, 41, 32046 San Vito di Cadore (BL), Italy
| | - Lingzi Mo
- School of Geographical Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006 P. R. China
| | - Safwan Mohammad
- Institute of Land Use, Technology and Regional Development- Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management-University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Böszörményi út 138, Hungary
| | | | - Adriano Sofo
- Department of European and Mediterranean Cultures: Architecture, Environment, Cultural Heritage (DiCEM)], Università degli Studi della Basilicata, Via Lanera 20, 75100 Matera, Italy
| | - Dylan Tatti
- Haute école des sciences agronomiques, forestières et alimentaires HAFL, Länggasse 85, 3052 Zollikofen, Switzerland
| | - Herbert Hager
- Institute of Forest Ecology, Dept. of Forest and Soil Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU) Vienna, Peter Jordanstr. 82, 1190 Vienna, Austria
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Vujinović T, Zanin L, Venuti S, Contin M, Ceccon P, Tomasi N, Pinton R, Cesco S, De Nobili M. Biostimulant Action of Dissolved Humic Substances From a Conventionally and an Organically Managed Soil on Nitrate Acquisition in Maize Plants. Front Plant Sci 2020; 10:1652. [PMID: 32038669 PMCID: PMC6974922 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Conversion of conventional farming (CF) to organic farming (OF) is claimed to allow a sustainable management of soil resources, but information on changes induced on dissolved organic matter (DOM) are scarce. Among DOM components, dissolved humic substances (DHS) were shown to possess stimulatory effects on plant growth. DHS were isolated from CF and OF soil leacheates collected from soil monolith columns: first in November (bare soils) and then in April and June (bare and planted soils). DHS caused an enhancement of nitrate uptake rates in maize roots and modulated several genes involved in nitrogen acquisition. The DHS from OF soil exerted a stronger biostimulant action on the nitrate uptake system, but the first assimilatory step of nitrate was mainly activated by DHS derived from CF soil. To validate the physiological response of plants to DHS exposure, real-time RT-PCR analyses were performed on those genes most involved in nitrate acquisition, such as ZmNRT2.1, ZmNRT2.2, ZmMHA2 (coding for two high-affinity nitrate transporters and a PM H+-proton pump), ZmNADH:NR, ZmNADPH:NR, and ZmNiR (coding for nitrate reductases and nitrite reductase). All tested DHS fractions induced the upregulation of nitrate reductase (NR), and in particular the OF2 DHS stimulated the expression of both tested transcripts encoding for two NR isoforms. Characteristics of DHS varied during the experiment in both OF and CF soils: a decrease of high molecular weight fractions in the OF soil, a general increase in the carboxylic groups content, as well as diverse structural modifications in OF vs. CF soils were observed. These changes were accelerated in planted soils. Similarity of chemical properties of DHS with the more easily obtainable water-soluble humic substance extracted from peat (WEHS) and the correspondence of their biostimulant actions confirm the validity of studies which employ WEHS as an easily available source of DHS to investigate biostimulant actions on agricultural crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tihana Vujinović
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Laura Zanin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Silvia Venuti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Marco Contin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Paolo Ceccon
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Nicola Tomasi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Roberto Pinton
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Stefano Cesco
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Maria De Nobili
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
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Pellegrini E, Contin M, Vittori Antisari L, Ferronato C, De Nobili M. Soil Organic Carbon and Carbonates are Binding Phases for Simultaneously Extractable Metals in Calcareous Saltmarsh Soils. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019; 38:2688-2697. [PMID: 31499587 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The ability of the simultaneously extracted metals/acid volatile sulfides (∑SEM/AVS) index to ascertain environmental risk from potentially toxic elements in calcareous saltmarsh soils was tested using structural equation modeling. This technique allows the detection of both direct and indirect relationships among AVS, SEM, and other soil variables, representing results in a graphical view. The dataset included 90 soil samples from 21 different sites belonging to 6 different saltmarshes and featured a wide range of soil chemicophysical properties. Variables included in the a priori model were hydroperiod, pH, soil redox potential, labile organic carbon, carbonates, total iron, and total amount of potentially toxic elements (PTEs). The best optimized model pointed out the main soil properties that affect AVS accumulation and SEM speciation in these soils. Effect plots of AVS and SEM calculated with the partial linear mixed-effects models included in the piecewise structural equation modeling showed a significant and positive influence of pH and carbonates on AVS and a highly significant effect of carbonates and labile organic carbon on SEM. Single SEM components were also considered separately, to define the potential contributions of labile organic carbon or carbonates as alternative binding phases. Simultaneously extracted Cu, Ni, and Zn were preferentially bound to carbonates, followed by labile organic carbon, whereas Pb and Cd were easily bound to labile organic carbon. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:2688-2697. © 2019 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Pellegrini
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental, and Animal Science, University of Udine, Italy
| | - Marco Contin
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental, and Animal Science, University of Udine, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Ferronato
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria De Nobili
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental, and Animal Science, University of Udine, Italy
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De Nobili M. Comment on "Humic Substances Extracted by Alkali Are Invalid Proxies for the Dynamics and Functions of Organic Matter in Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecosystems," by Kleber and Lehmann (2019). J Environ Qual 2019; 48:787-789. [PMID: 31589668 DOI: 10.2134/jeq2019.04.0165le] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
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Pellegrini E, Contin M, Vittori Antisari L, Vianello G, Ferronato C, De Nobili M. A new paper sensor method for field analysis of acid volatile sulfides in soils. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018; 37:3025-3031. [PMID: 30259571 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring of biogenic sulfide is important because acid volatile sulfides (AVS) represent a reactive pool responsible for immobilization of toxic metals. We propose a new sulfide paper sensor method for semiquantitative determination of AVS in which developed color is compared to a reference chart. The method was validated against the ion-selective microelectrode and the purge-and-trap methods. For fieldwork, readings should fall within 1 to 10 μmoles S2- . Considering that the volume of soil used ranged between 1 and 16 cm3 , the corresponding soil sulfides concentration range spans from 0.06 to 10 mmoles S2- cm-3 . The sulfide paper sensor method is highly suitable for field screening and has sensitivity levels comparable to laboratory methods. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:3025-3031. © 2018 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Pellegrini
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Marco Contin
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Livia Vittori Antisari
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gilmo Vianello
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Ferronato
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria De Nobili
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
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Zanin L, Tomasi N, Rizzardo C, Gottardi S, Terzano R, Alfeld M, Janssens K, De Nobili M, Mimmo T, Cesco S. Iron allocation in leaves of Fe-deficient cucumber plants fed with natural Fe complexes. Physiol Plant 2015; 154:82-94. [PMID: 25288471 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Revised: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) sources available for plants in the rhizospheric solution are mainly a mixture of complexes between Fe and organic ligands, including phytosiderophores (PS) and water-extractable humic substances (WEHS). In comparison with the other Fe sources, Fe-WEHS are more efficiently used by plants, and experimental evidences show that Fe translocation contributes to this better response. On the other hand, very little is known on the mechanisms involved in Fe allocation in leaves. In this work, physiological and molecular processes involved in Fe distribution in leaves of Fe-deficient Cucumis sativus supplied with Fe-PS or Fe-WEHS up to 5 days were studied combining different techniques, such as radiochemical experiments, synchrotron micro X-ray fluorescence, real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization. In Fe-WEHS-fed plants, Fe was rapidly (1 day) allocated into the leaf veins, and after 5 days, Fe was completely transferred into interveinal cells; moreover, the amount of accumulated Fe was much higher than with Fe-PS. This redistribution in Fe-WEHS plants was associated with an upregulation of genes encoding a ferric(III) -chelate reductase (FRO), a Fe(2+) transporter (IRT1) and a natural resistance-associated macrophage protein (NRAMP). The localization of FRO and IRT1 transcripts next to the midveins, beside that of NRAMP in the interveinal area, may suggest a rapid and efficient response induced by the presence of Fe-WEHS in the extra-radical solution for the allocation in leaves of high amounts of Fe. In conclusion, Fe is more efficiently used when chelated to WEHS than PS and seems to involve Fe distribution and gene regulation of Fe acquisition mechanisms operating in leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Zanin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, University of Udine, I-33100, Udine, Italy
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Contin M, Goi D, De Nobili M. Land application of aerobic sewage sludge does not impair methane oxidation rates of soils. Sci Total Environ 2012; 441:10-8. [PMID: 23134765 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.09.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2012] [Revised: 09/05/2012] [Accepted: 09/22/2012] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to measure and compare methane oxidation rates of arable and grassland soils that received 7.5t ha⁻¹ y⁻¹ of noncontaminated aerobically treated sewage sludge for ten years. Arable soils showed generally lower methane oxidation rates (from 6 to 15∗10⁻³ h⁻¹) than grassland soils (from 26 to 33∗10³ h⁻¹). Oxidation rate constants (k) of soils amended with sewage sludge were remarkably close to their respective untreated controls, but a soil, that had received a tenfold sewage sludge application (i.e. 75 t ha⁻¹ y⁻¹), showed a statistically significantly higher k-value. Laboratory addition of up to 1000 mg Pb g⁻¹ soil to this soil did not cause any significant change in methane oxidation, but caused a decrease from 13.9 to 10.9×10⁻³ h⁻¹ in the control soil. Addition of Zn was much more toxic than Pb, with a significant decrease at 300 μg g⁻¹ soil rate and an almost complete inhibition at 1500 μg g⁻¹ soil rate. Higher resistance was evident of sewage sludge treated soil in comparison to control soil, for both biomass C and CH₄ oxidation activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Contin
- Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of Udine, Via delle Scienze 208, 33100 Udine, Italy.
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Polano M, Anselmi C, Leita L, Negro A, De Nobili M. Organic polyanions act as complexants of prion protein in soil. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2008; 367:323-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.12.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2007] [Accepted: 12/18/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Chen Y, De Nobili M, Aviad T. Stimulatory Effects of Humic Substances on Plant Growth. Soil Organic Matter in Sustainable Agriculture 2004. [DOI: 10.1201/9780203496374.ch4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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Schiavon G, Bontempelli G, De Nobili M, Corain B. Activation of the carbonnickel σ-bond by cathodic reduction of trans-bromo-bis(triphenylphosphine)phenylnickel(II) in the presence of triphenylphosphine. Inorganica Chim Acta 1980. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(00)88914-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Bontempelli G, Magno F, De Nobili M, Schiavon G. Electroanalytical investigation on ligand-disproportionation and -exchange equilibria in nickel(II) and nickel(I) halide phosphine complexes in acetonitrile. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1980. [DOI: 10.1039/dt9800002288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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