|
1
|
Leman JK, Weitzner BD, Lewis SM, Adolf-Bryfogle J, Alam N, Alford RF, Aprahamian M, Baker D, Barlow KA, Barth P, Basanta B, Bender BJ, Blacklock K, Bonet J, Boyken SE, Bradley P, Bystroff C, Conway P, Cooper S, Correia BE, Coventry B, Das R, De Jong RM, DiMaio F, Dsilva L, Dunbrack R, Ford AS, Frenz B, Fu DY, Geniesse C, Goldschmidt L, Gowthaman R, Gray JJ, Gront D, Guffy S, Horowitz S, Huang PS, Huber T, Jacobs TM, Jeliazkov JR, Johnson DK, Kappel K, Karanicolas J, Khakzad H, Khar KR, Khare SD, Khatib F, Khramushin A, King IC, Kleffner R, Koepnick B, Kortemme T, Kuenze G, Kuhlman B, Kuroda D, Labonte JW, Lai JK, Lapidoth G, Leaver-Fay A, Lindert S, Linsky T, London N, Lubin JH, Lyskov S, Maguire J, Malmström L, Marcos E, Marcu O, Marze NA, Meiler J, Moretti R, Mulligan VK, Nerli S, Norn C, Ó'Conchúir S, Ollikainen N, Ovchinnikov S, Pacella MS, Pan X, Park H, Pavlovicz RE, Pethe M, Pierce BG, Pilla KB, Raveh B, Renfrew PD, Burman SSR, Rubenstein A, Sauer MF, Scheck A, Schief W, Schueler-Furman O, Sedan Y, Sevy AM, Sgourakis NG, Shi L, Siegel JB, Silva DA, Smith S, Song Y, Stein A, Szegedy M, Teets FD, Thyme SB, Wang RYR, Watkins A, Zimmerman L, Bonneau R. Macromolecular modeling and design in Rosetta: recent methods and frameworks. Nat Methods 2020; 17:665-680. [PMID: 32483333 PMCID: PMC7603796 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-020-0848-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 373] [Impact Index Per Article: 93.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The Rosetta software for macromolecular modeling, docking and design is extensively used in laboratories worldwide. During two decades of development by a community of laboratories at more than 60 institutions, Rosetta has been continuously refactored and extended. Its advantages are its performance and interoperability between broad modeling capabilities. Here we review tools developed in the last 5 years, including over 80 methods. We discuss improvements to the score function, user interfaces and usability. Rosetta is available at http://www.rosettacommons.org.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Koehler Leman
- Center for Computational Biology, Flatiron Institute, Simons Foundation, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Biology, New York University, New York, New York, USA.
| | - Brian D Weitzner
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Lyell Immunopharma Inc., Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Steven M Lewis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Cyrus Biotechnology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jared Adolf-Bryfogle
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nawsad Alam
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, IMRIC, Ein Kerem Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rebecca F Alford
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Melanie Aprahamian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - David Baker
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kyle A Barlow
- Graduate Program in Bioinformatics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Patrick Barth
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Benjamin Basanta
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Biological Physics Structure and Design PhD Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Brian J Bender
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Kristin Blacklock
- Institute of Quantitative Biomedicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Jaume Bonet
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Scott E Boyken
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Lyell Immunopharma Inc., Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Phil Bradley
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Chris Bystroff
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Patrick Conway
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Seth Cooper
- Khoury College of Computer Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bruno E Correia
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Brian Coventry
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rhiju Das
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Frank DiMaio
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lorna Dsilva
- Khoury College of Computer Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roland Dunbrack
- Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alexander S Ford
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Brandon Frenz
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Cyrus Biotechnology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Darwin Y Fu
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Caleb Geniesse
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Ragul Gowthaman
- University of Maryland Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Rockville, MD, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Gray
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Program in Molecular Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dominik Gront
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sharon Guffy
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Scott Horowitz
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
- The Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Po-Ssu Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Thomas Huber
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Tim M Jacobs
- Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - David K Johnson
- Center for Computational Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Kalli Kappel
- Biophysics Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - John Karanicolas
- Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hamed Khakzad
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute for Computational Science, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- S3IT, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Karen R Khar
- Cyrus Biotechnology, Seattle, WA, USA
- Center for Computational Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Sagar D Khare
- Institute of Quantitative Biomedicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
- Center for Integrative Proteomics Research, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
- Computational Biology and Molecular Biophysics Program, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Firas Khatib
- Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Dartmouth, MA, USA
| | - Alisa Khramushin
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, IMRIC, Ein Kerem Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Indigo C King
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Cyrus Biotechnology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Robert Kleffner
- Khoury College of Computer Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brian Koepnick
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Tanja Kortemme
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Georg Kuenze
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Brian Kuhlman
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Daisuke Kuroda
- Medical Device Development and Regulation Research Center, School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jason W Labonte
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Franklin & Marshall College, Lancaster, PA, USA
| | - Jason K Lai
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gideon Lapidoth
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Andrew Leaver-Fay
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Steffen Lindert
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Thomas Linsky
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nir London
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, IMRIC, Ein Kerem Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Joseph H Lubin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sergey Lyskov
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jack Maguire
- Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Lars Malmström
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute for Computational Science, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- S3IT, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Enrique Marcos
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine Barcelona, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Orly Marcu
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, IMRIC, Ein Kerem Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Nicholas A Marze
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jens Meiler
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology and Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Institute for Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Rocco Moretti
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Vikram Khipple Mulligan
- Center for Computational Biology, Flatiron Institute, Simons Foundation, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Santrupti Nerli
- Department of Computer Science, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Christoffer Norn
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Shane Ó'Conchúir
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Noah Ollikainen
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sergey Ovchinnikov
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael S Pacella
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xingjie Pan
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hahnbeom Park
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ryan E Pavlovicz
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Cyrus Biotechnology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Manasi Pethe
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
- Center for Integrative Proteomics Research, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Brian G Pierce
- University of Maryland Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Rockville, MD, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Kala Bharath Pilla
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Barak Raveh
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, IMRIC, Ein Kerem Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - P Douglas Renfrew
- Center for Computational Biology, Flatiron Institute, Simons Foundation, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shourya S Roy Burman
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Aliza Rubenstein
- Institute of Quantitative Biomedicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
- Computational Biology and Molecular Biophysics Program, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Marion F Sauer
- Chemical and Physical Biology Program, Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Andreas Scheck
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - William Schief
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ora Schueler-Furman
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, IMRIC, Ein Kerem Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yuval Sedan
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, IMRIC, Ein Kerem Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Alexander M Sevy
- Chemical and Physical Biology Program, Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Nikolaos G Sgourakis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Justin B Siegel
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
- Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Shannon Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yifan Song
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Cyrus Biotechnology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Amelie Stein
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Maria Szegedy
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Frank D Teets
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Summer B Thyme
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ray Yu-Ruei Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Andrew Watkins
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lior Zimmerman
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, IMRIC, Ein Kerem Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Richard Bonneau
- Center for Computational Biology, Flatiron Institute, Simons Foundation, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Biology, New York University, New York, New York, USA.
- Department of Computer Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
- Center for Data Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Aprahamian M, Tikunova S, Davis J, Lindert S. Successful Identification of Cardiac Troponin Calcium Sensitizers Using a Combination of Virtual Screening and ROC Analysis of Known Troponin C Binders. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
|
3
|
Derbal-Wolfrom L, Pencreach E, Saandi T, Aprahamian M, Martin E, Greferath R, Tufa E, Choquet P, Lehn JM, Nicolau C, Duluc I, Freund JN. Increasing the oxygen load by treatment with myo-inositol trispyrophosphate reduces growth of colon cancer and modulates the intestine homeobox gene Cdx2. Oncogene 2012; 32:4313-8. [PMID: 23045284 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2012.445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Revised: 08/03/2012] [Accepted: 08/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Preventing tumor neovascularisation is one of the strategies recently developed to limit the dissemination of cancer cells and apparition of metastases. Although these approaches could improve the existing treatments, a number of unexpected negative effects have been reported, mainly linked to the hypoxic condition and the subsequent induction of the pro-oncogenic hypoxia inducible factor(s) resulting from cancer cells' oxygen starvation. Here, we checked in vivo on colon cancer cells an alternative approach. It is based on treatment with myo-inositol trispyrophosphate (ITPP), a molecule that leads to increased oxygenation of tumors. We provide evidence that ITPP increases the survival of mice in a model of carcinomatosis of human colon cancer cells implanted into the peritoneal cavity. ITPP also reduced the growth of subcutaneous colon cancer cells xenografted in nu/nu mice. In the subcutaneous tumors, ITPP stimulated the expression of the homeobox gene Cdx2 that is crucial for intestinal differentiation and that also has an anti-tumoral function. On this basis, human colon cancer cells were cultured in vitro in hypoxic conditions. Hypoxia was shown to decrease the level of Cdx2 protein, mRNA and the activity of the Cdx2 promoter. This decline was unrelated to the activation of HIF1α and HIF2α by hypoxia. However, it resulted from the activation of a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases-like mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, as assessed by the fact that LY294002 and U0126 restored high Cdx2 expression in hypoxia. Corroborating these results, U0126 recapitulated the increase of Cdx2 triggered by ITPP in subcutaneous colon tumor xenografts. The present study provides evidence that a chemical compound that increases oxygen pressure can antagonize the hypoxic setting and reduce the growth of human colon tumors implanted in nu/nu mice.
Collapse
|
|
4
|
Angelova A, Aprahamian M, Delecluse H, Feederle R, Witzens-Harig M, Ho A, Rommelaere J, Raykov Z. 9220 Burkitt's lymphoma-derived cells are sensitive targets for the oncolytic activity of rat parvovirus H-1PV. EJC Suppl 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(09)71911-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
|
|
5
|
Ayadi A, Bour G, Aprahamian M, Bayle B, Graebling P, Gangloff J, Soler L, Egly JM, Marescaux J. Fully automated image-guided needle insertion: application to small animal biopsies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 2007:194-7. [PMID: 18001922 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2007.4352256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The study of biological process evolution in small animals requires time-consuming and expansive analyses of a large population of animals. Serial analyses of the same animal is potentially a great alternative. However non-invasive procedures must be set up, to retrieve valuable tissue samples from precisely defined areas in living animals. Taking advantage of the high resolution level of in vivo molecular imaging, we defined a procedure to perform image-guided needle insertion and automated biopsy using a micro CT-scan, a robot and a vision system. Workspace limitations in the scanner require the animal to be removed and laid in front of the robot. A vision system composed of a grid projector and a camera is used to register the designed animal-bed with to respect to the robot and to calibrate automatically the needle position and orientation. Automated biopsy is then synchronised with respiration and performed with a pneumatic translation device, at high velocity, to minimize organ deformation. We have experimentally tested our biopsy system with different needles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Ayadi
- LSIIT, UMR ULP-CNRS 7005, Pole API, Bd. S. Brant, 67412 Illkirch, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
6
|
Hajri A, Wack S, Meyer C, Smith MK, Leberquier C, Kedinger M, Aprahamian M. In Vitro and In Vivo Efficacy of Photofrin® and Pheophorbide a, a Bacteriochlorin, in Photodynamic Therapy of Colonic Cancer Cells¶. Photochem Photobiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1562/0031-8655(2002)0750140ivaive2.0.co2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
|
7
|
Raykov Z, Aprahamian M, Galabov A, Rommelaere J. Oncolytic Parvoviruses as Tools for Cancer Gene Therapy. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2004. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2004.10819221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
|
|
8
|
Hajri A, Wack S, Meyer C, Smith MK, Leberquier C, Kedinger M, Aprahamian M. In vitro and in vivo efficacy of photofrin and pheophorbide a, a bacteriochlorin, in photodynamic therapy of colonic cancer cells. Photochem Photobiol 2002; 75:140-8. [PMID: 11883602 DOI: 10.1562/0031-8655(2002)075<0140:ivaive>2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in treating colonic cancer in a preclinical study. Photofrin, a porphyrin mixture, and pheophorbide a (Ph a), a bacteriochlorin, were tested on HT29 human colonic tumor cells in culture and xenografted into athymic mice. Their pharmacokinetics were investigated in vitro, and the PDT efficacy at increasing concentrations was determined with proliferative, cytotoxic and apoptotic assessments. The in vivo distribution and pharmacokinetics of these dyes (30 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) were investigated on HT29 tumor-bearing nude mice. The inhibition of tumor growth after a single 100 J/cm2 PDT session was measured by the changes in tumor volume and by histological analysis of tumor necrosis. PDT inhibited HT29 cell growth in culture. The cell photodamage occurred since the time the concentrations of Ph a and Photofrin reached 5.10(-7) M (or 0.3 microg/mL) and 10 microg/mL, respectively. A photosensitizer dose-dependent DNA fragmentation was observed linked to a cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase and associated with an increased expression of mutant-type p53 protein. PDT induced a 3-week delay in tumor growth in vivo. The tumor injury was corroborated by histological observation of necrosis 48 h after treatment, with a correlated loss of specific enzyme expression in most of the tumor cells. In conclusion, PDT has the ability to destroy human colonic tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. This tumoricidal effect is likely associated with a p53-independent apoptosis, as HT29 cells express only mutated p53. The current study suggests a preferential use of Photofrin in PDT of colonic cancer because it should be more effective in vivo than Ph a as a consequence of better tumor uptake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Hajri
- INSERM Unit 375, IRCAD, Hĵpitaux Universitaires, BP 426, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
9
|
Abstract
Laparoscopic influence on cell-mediated immunity and tumour evolution is controversial. The objective of the present study was to assess tumour growth and immune patterns after laparoscopy on an experimental study. Lewis rats, bearing an intrapancreatic ductal carcinoma randomly underwent one of the following 2-hour procedures: anaesthesia, laparotomy or CO(2) pneumoperitoneum. Cell-mediated immunity was investigated through determination of serum IL1beta concentrations by ELISA and TNFalpha, IL6 and iNOS gene transcriptions in blood white cells and peritoneal cells by RT-PCR 1 day after operation. Tumour growth and spread patterns were assessed on anatomopathological examination 2 weeks after surgery. Tumour growth and spread were unaffected no matter what procedure was applied, but port-site seeding occurred in half of the cases undergoing laparoscopy. No significant change in acute-phase protein response, represented by IL1beta serum concentration, was found after laparoscopy. TNFalpha, IL6 and inducible NO synthase gene transcriptions were enhanced in blood white cells and depressed in peritoneal immune cells after laparoscopy. In our experimental conditions, cell-mediated immune response to CO(2) pneumoperitoneum seems to be a good systemic immune activation and a less acute peritoneal immune response as opposed to control laparoscopy. This early impairment of peritoneal macrophage immune activity, observed after a long-lasting CO(2) pneumoperitoneum, might be responsible for the high rate of port site recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Hajri
- Institut de Recherche contre les Cancers de l'Appareil Digestif, H opitaux Universitaires, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
10
|
Abstract
The ileal uptake of polyalkylcyanoacrylate nanocapsules (less than 300 nm in diameter) has been investigated in the rat. Iodised oil (Lipiodol) was used as the tracer for X-ray microprobe analysis in scanning electron microscopy. Lipiodol nanocapsules, or an emulsion of Lipiodol, were administered in the lumen of an isolated ileal loop of rat. Lipiodol nanocapsules improved the absorption of the tracer as indicated by increased concentrations of iodine in the mesenteric blood (+27%, P < 0-01, compared with Lipiodol emulsion). Intestinal biopsies were taken at different time points and the samples underwent cryofixation and freeze-drying. The nanocapsules were characterized by their strong iodine emission, and electron microscopy of the biopsy samples revealed nanocapsules in the intraluminal mucus of the non-follicular epithelium, then in the intercellular spaces between enterocytes, and finally the nanocapsules were found within intravillus capillaries. However, nanocapsules were most abundant in the Peyer's patches, where the intestinal epithelium had been crossed by way of the specialized epithelial cells, designated membranous cells, or M cells, and their adjacent absorptive cells. These observations were confirmed quantitatively by measuring iodine concentrations in the various tissue compartments. Ten minutes after the intraluminal administration of Lipiodol nanocapsules, the emission of iodine peaked in the mucus (+77%, P < 0.01), in M cells (+366%, P <0.001), in enterocytes adjacent to M cells (+70%, P < 0.05) and in lymph vessels (+59%, P < 0.05). Polyalkylcyanoacrylate nanocapsules were able to pass through the ileal mucosa of the rat via a paracellular pathway in the non-follicular epithelium, and most predominantly, via M cells and adjacent enterocytes in Peyer's patches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Damgé
- Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, Faculté de Médecine, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
11
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to assess the efficiency of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on human pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in an animal model. METHODS Human pancreatic tumour cell lines were submitted to PDT with pheophorbide a (Ph a), a chlorophyll derivative, in culture and after grafting into athymic mice. Ph a was tested in culture (10-10-10-5 mol/l) with a 5-J/cm2 energy treatment and on tumour-bearing Nude mice (30 mg/kg intraperitoneally) with a 100-J/cm2 PDT session. The effect of PDT was assessed in vitro using proliferative, apoptotic and clonogenic tests and in vivo on tumour growth and on the induction of tumour necrosis. RESULTS PDT inhibited tumour cell growth in culture by affecting DNA integrity. This tumour cell photodamage started at low concentration (10-7 mol/l) as corroborated by clonogenic and tumour growth tests. A strong necrosis was achieved in vivo with a single PDT session. CONCLUSION PDT destroyed human pancreatic carcinoma after low photosensitizer supply and weak energy application. It exerted this tumoricidal effect via apoptosis induction with a gentle protocol, and apoptosis and/or necrosis with a stronger protocol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Hajri
- Institut de Recherche contre les Cancers de l'Appareil Digestif, Hôpitaux Universitaires, Strasbourg-Cedex, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
12
|
Mutter D, Hajri A, Tassetti V, Solis-Caxaj C, Aprahamian M, Marescaux J. Increased tumor growth and spread after laparoscopy vs laparotomy: influence of tumor manipulation in a rat model. Surg Endosc 1999; 13:365-70. [PMID: 10094749 DOI: 10.1007/s004649900991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of laparoscopy for assessment and treatment of malignant tumors remains controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of tumor manipulation during laparoscopy compared with that of conventional laparotomy on growth and spread of an intraperitoneal tumor in the rat in a randomized, controlled trial. METHODS Thirty 2-month-old male Lewis rats received a single-site intrapancreatic inoculation of a ductal adenocarcinoma. Fourteen days after cancer implanting, two groups of six animals each underwent a laparotomy (30 min 6 mmHg CO2 pneumoperitoneum). The tumor was manipulated in the one group, and exclusively visualized in the other. In two other groups, a midline laparotomy with (n = 6) or without (n = 6) tumor manipulation was performed. Animals in the control group (n = 6) underwent no procedure. Tumor volume, tumor mass, local regional invasion incidence, lymph node involvement, and liver and lung metastases were evaluated on 28-day tumors. RESULTS No difference in tumor growth and spread was observed between laparoscopy and laparotomy when tumor manipulation was not carried out. Tumor manipulation increased tumor growth significantly in the laparotomy group, but not in the laparoscopy one. Tumor metastases were correlated to tumor growth and increased significantly after manipulation in both groups. There was no port-site or conventional wound seeding in either the surgical procedure. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that manipulation is the main factor acting on tumor dissemination in both laparoscopy and laparotomy. Laparoscopic surgery had a beneficial effect on local tumor growth compared with laparotomy in the case of tumor manipulation. This beneficial effect of laparoscopic surgery may be related to a better preservation of immune function in the early postoperative period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Mutter
- European Institute of Telesurgery (IRCAD-EITS), Department of DigestiveSurgery, Clinique Chirurgicale A Hôpitaux Universitaires, 1, place del l'Hôpital, F-6700 Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
13
|
Hajri A, Metzger E, Vallat F, Coffy S, Flatter E, Evrard S, Marescaux J, Aprahamian M. Role of nitric oxide in pancreatic tumour growth: in vivo and in vitro studies. Br J Cancer 1998; 78:841-9. [PMID: 9764573 PMCID: PMC2063136 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.1998.591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), an endogenous free radical, has been implicated in a wide range of biological functions. NO is generated enzymatically from the terminal guanidinonitrogen of L-arginine by nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Despite intensive investigations, the role of NO--either as the primary product of the L-arginine/NOS pathway or provided from the NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP)--in carcinogenesis and tumour cell growth remains unclear and controversial. The objective of this study was to examine the growth effects of NO on a ductal pancreatic adenocarcinoma in the rat and on a human pancreatic tumour cell line (HA-hpc2). In vivo, both SNP and endogenous induction of NO by endotoxins [lipopolysaccharide (LPS)] plus L-arginine significantly reduced the tumour growth. To investigate the mechanisms of NO anti-tumour growth action, the effects of either the SNP or L-arginine/NOS pathway were analysed on the HA-hpc2 cell line. Nitrite/nitrate production, NOS activity and iNOS expression [assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)] were tested and related to growth (assessed by [3H]thymidine incorporation assay) and apoptosis (assessed by internucleosomal DNA cleavage). SNP exerted a dual effect on tumour cells: stimulation of the proliferation up to 1 mM and inhibition at higher concentrations. These effects were related to NO production. Both proliferative and cytostatic responses were inhibited by NO scavenger 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-hemidazoline-1-oxyl3-oxide (carboxy-PTIO). The marked apoptotic DNA fragmentation induced by SNP was also abolished by PTIO association. Unlike macrophages, the human pancreatic tumour cells did not seem to express intrinsically the L-arginine/NOS pathway. Macrophages were activated by HA-hpc2 cells as well as by LPS plus cytokines [interleukin (IL)-1beta plus tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interferon (IFN)-gamma]. In HA-hpc2/macrophage co-cultures, NOS activity and inducible NOS (iNOS) transcription were stimulated, whereas an antiproliferative response was observed. These effects were related to both macrophage amount and NO production. Addition of LPS plus cytokines to co-cultures doubled iNOS activity, nitrite/nitrate production and tumoricidal effect. These data suggest the involvement of NO in pancreatic tumour growth and support the fact that generation of high levels of NO with potential production of endogenous reactive nitrogen intermediates may contribute to induction of apoptosis and tumour growth inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Hajri
- Institut de Recherche contre les Cancers de l'Appareil Digestif, Hôpitaux Universitaires, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
14
|
Tassetti V, Hajri A, Sowinska M, Evrard S, Heisel F, Cheng LQ, Miehé JA, Marescaux J, Aprahamian M. In vivo laser-induced fluorescence imaging of a rat pancreatic cancer with pheophorbide-a. Photochem Photobiol 1997; 65:997-1006. [PMID: 9188279 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1997.tb07960.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) of pheophorbide-a (Ph-a) was used for imaging of a rat pancreatic tumor. Using a dimensionless function (the ratio of Ph-a fluorescence by bluish autofluorescence), the fluorescence contrasts between excised tumors and their paired pancreas were investigated up to 48 h after a 9 mg kg-1 Ph-a intravenous administration. Among five tested excitation wavelengths, 355 and 610 nm excitations gave the best distinctive contrasts, both 48 h after dye injection. The LIF imaging of six intrapancreatic tumors and six healthy pancreas was carried out in vivo using two laser excitations: 355 nm (Nd:YAG + tripling) for bluish autofluorescence and 610 nm (rhodamine 6G dye) for reddish autofluorescence and dye emission. Images were recorded through bandpass filters at 470 and 640 nm (autofluorescence) and at 680 nm (dye + autofluorescence) with an intensified charged-coupled device camera. Autofluorescence as Ph-a fluorescence images did not allow accurate LIF diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma. An image processing, including for each pixel a computed division of Ph-a fluorescence (after subtraction of reddish autofluorescence) by bluish autofluorescence intensity generated poorly contrasted tumor images in five of six and false tumor localization in one of three of the tumor-bearing pancreas. A fitting of the digital 640 nm autofluorescence up to the mean 680 nm fluorescence intensity in pancreas prior to subtraction allowed a safe diagnosis to be made with well-contrasted tumor images. To assess automation ability of the processing, a same fitting coefficient (mean of individual values) was applied. In this way, false-negative (one of six) and false-positive (two of six) images were present in tumor-bearing animals as false-positive in one-half of the controls. A successful standardized procedure was then applied with a normalization of 640 and 680 nm pancreas intensities to a same set threshold prior processing. In opposition to thin-layered hollow organs, such as bronchial tube or digestive tract, LIF imaging of carcinoma inserted in a compact organ is exhausting. The use of a dye excitable in the red wavelength range (610 nm for Ph-a) may partly solve this problem, rendering LIF imaging more accurate and potentially automated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Tassetti
- Institut de Recherche contre les Cancers de l'Appareil Digestif (IRCAD), Hôpitaux Universitaires, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
15
|
Mutter D, Aprahamian M, Tiollier J, Sonzini P, Marescaux J. Evaluation of human collagen biomaterials in the healing of colonic anastomoses in dogs. Eur J Surg 1997; 163:287-95. [PMID: 9161827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the ability of human collagen biomaterials to secure colonic anastomoses in dogs and to evaluate the biocompatibility of anastomotic protection patches (APP). DESIGN Experimental open study. SETTING Experimental research centre, France. MATERIAL 21 mongrel dogs randomised into three groups of 7 each. INTERVENTION Standard transverse colonic end-to-end anastomoses were secured with two-layer oxidised collagen I + III sponge covered with thin crosslinked collagen IV film (APP 1) glued around the suture (n = 7); two-layer oxidised collagen I + III sponge covered with thin non-crosslinked collagen I + III film patch (APP 2) (n = 7); or sealed by fibrin sealant (n = 7), which acted as a controls. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Gross examination, radiological control (barium enemas), and microscopic examination on day 35 postoperatively. RESULTS Gross clinical and radiological examinations on day 35 showed normal wound healing in all but one dog in which the anastomoses had occluded by day 16. There was significantly less stricturing with the APP 2 patch (p < 0.05 compared with the controls). Microscopic examination showed complete absorption of the APP 2 patches as well as quicker mucosal and extracellular matrix repair than controls. The APP 1 patch gave the best healing of the muscular layer but did not reduce anastomosis stricturing, and was not totally absorbed. CONCLUSIONS Collagen supporting devices do not alter healing of the large bowel. Encircling patches do not increase the number of adhesions or the rate of anastomotic stricturing and a thin fibrillar collagen I + III dense layer may even improve it. The speed of absorption of the patch depends on the type of dense collagen film. These results argue for a prospective clinical evaluation in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Mutter
- European Institute of Telesurgery EITS-IRCAD, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
16
|
Damgé C, Aprahamian M, Marchais H, Benoit JP, Pinget M. Intestinal absorption of PLAGA microspheres in the rat. J Anat 1996; 189 ( Pt 3):491-501. [PMID: 8982822 PMCID: PMC1167689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhodamine B-labelled poly (DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLAGA) microspheres of 2 different sizes, 1-5 microns and 5-10 microns, were administered as a single dose (1.44 x 10(9) and 1.83 x 10(8) particles, respectively) into the ileal lumen of adult rats. The content of rhodamine in the mesenteric vein and ileal lumen was analysed periodically from 10 min to 48 h as well as the distribution of microspheres in the intestinal mucosa and various other tissues. The concentration of rhodamine decreased progressively in the intestinal lumen and was negligible after 24 h. The number of microspheres in the mesenteric vein increased rapidly and reached a maximum after 4 h whatever the size of the particles. It then decreased progressively, but more rapidly with microspheres > 5 microns than with microspheres < 5 microns. The absorption efficiency was low for the former batch (about 0.11% of the administered dose) and higher for the latter (about 12.7%). The intraileal administration of free rhodamine B was followed by intense labelling of the epithelial cells and basement membranes in mesenteric lymph nodes, spleen, kidney and liver. PLAGA microspheres mainly crossed the intestinal mucosa at the site of Peyer's patches where microspheres of < 5 microns appeared after 3 h. Microspheres > 5 microns were retained in the ileal lumen. A few small microspheres were occasionally observed in the epithelial cells. Only the smallest particles were recovered in the liver, lymph nodes and spleen while basement membranes were always labelled. It is concluded that PLAGA microspheres could be useful for the oral delivery of antigens if their size is between 1 and 5 microns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Damgé
- CEED Hôpitaux Universitaires, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
17
|
Abstract
New artificial biomaterials were tested for support of gastro-intestinal tract wound healing in the rat. Double layered collagenic matrices were prepared with purified collagens extracted from human placental tissues. Two types of patches were tested, the first constituted from a collagen type I + III layer covered by collagen IV in a liquid phase (patch I + III/IV) and the second from a collagen IV layer covered by liquid collagen IV (patch IV/IV). The matrices were applied with fibrin sealant to the edges of a 1 cm diameter colonic wall defect in the rat. Healing evolution was determined by macroscopic, microscopic and immunostaining studies. The reconstitution of the three colonic wall layers was achieved within 45 days without retraction or inflammatory reaction, while the biomaterial was resorbed. Human collagen I and III antibodies failed to stain extracellular matrix. This failure may be a consequence of outdated antibodies or more likely epitope alteration during extraction and preparation of the collagens. A human collagen type IV antibody staining of the scar zone showed the basement membranes of newly developed vessels within 10 days, and newly formed colonic mucosa within 20 days. The collagen reconstituted matrix was able to assist healing of normal digestive tract defects as shown by the labelling of the new synthesized extracellular matrix by collagen type IV antibody. These findings support the use of collagen biomaterial in gastro-intestinal anastomosis. This new surgical approach allowing healing of colonic wall defects could reduce occurrence of anastomotic leakage in human.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Mutter
- IRCAD, Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
18
|
Keller P, Sowinska M, Tassetti V, Heisel F, Hajri A, Evrard S, Miehe JA, Marescaux J, Aprahamian M. Photodynamic imaging of a rat pancreatic cancer with pheophorbide a. Photochem Photobiol 1996; 63:860-7. [PMID: 8992507 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1996.tb09643.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Laser-induced fluorescence of pheophorbide a (Ph-a) was used for in vitro photodynamic imaging (PDI) of a rat pancreatic acinar tumor. A 400 nm excitation induced a 470 nm autofluorescence and a 678 nm dye fluorescence in tumors and their surrounding pancreas 24 h after a 9 mg kg-1 body weight Ph-a intravenous administration. With lower intensities in these blood-rich tumors than in pancreas, Ph-a fluorescence signals are unable to provide tumor images. A dimensionless function (the ratio of Ph-a fluorescence by autofluorescence, called Rt for the tumor and Rp for the pancreas) was used for fluorescence contrast calculation (C = Rt/Rp) between six tumors and their paired pancreas. Among five available laser excitation wave-lengths, only the 355 nm excitation gave a distinctive contrast (C = 1.5). The PDI of six intrapancreatic tumors and their intraperitoneal metastasis and of two control normal pancreas was thus performed ex vivo using a 355 nm excitation source delivered by a tripled Nd:YAG laser and a charged-coupled device camera. Fluorescence images were recorded at 680 nm (dye), 640 nm (background) and 470 nm (autofluorescence) through three corresponding 10 nm width bandpass filters. Computed division for each pixel of Ph-a fluorescence values by autofluorescence generated false color image. In this way, contrasted tumor images were obtained. But in five out of six animals false-positive images were present due to an autofluorescence decrease in some normal pancreatic areas. A 470 nm autofluorescence imaging on the same tumors gave in all cases false-positive image and false-negative in half of the cases. These observations suggest that autofluorescence alone is unable to achieve accurate PDI of pancreatic carcinoma and that using Ph-a as a PDI dye needs strong improvements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Keller
- Institut de Recherche contre les Cancers de l'Appareil Digestif (IRCAD), Hôpitaux Universitaires, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
19
|
Abstract
Since primary closure of the common bile duct is often not undertaken because of the risks of biliary leakage and peritonitis, we have evaluated feasibility and reliability of closure using biomaterials. In three groups of dogs, an unsutured choledochotomy was closed with circular glued patches: a scleroprotein patch in 4 dogs and an oxidized, compressed human collagen patch reinforced (n = 6) or not (n = 6) with three stitches. The scleroprotein patch (n = 4) was resorbed too soon, and in 2 dogs the unstitched collagen patches became unglued; biliary leakage was the result in both instances. The bile duct healed successfully within 1 month in the other 10 animals fitted with collagen patches, despite one common bile duct stricture. Safe primary closure of a choledochotomy may be envisioned in humans if the duct suture is protected by this new collagen biomaterial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Mutter
- Département de Chirurgie A, Hôpitaux Universitaires, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
20
|
Vaxman F, Olender S, Lambert A, Nisand G, Aprahamian M, Bruch JF, Didier E, Volkmar P, Grenier JF. Effect of pantothenic acid and ascorbic acid supplementation on human skin wound healing process. A double-blind, prospective and randomized trial. Eur Surg Res 1995; 27:158-66. [PMID: 7781653 DOI: 10.1159/000129395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed at testing human skin wound healing improvement by a 21-day supplementation of 1.0 g ascorbic acid (AA) and 0.2 g pantothenic acid (PA). 49 patients undergoing surgery for tattoos, by the successive resections procedure, entered a double-blind, prospective and randomized study. Tests performed on both skin and scars determined: hydroxyproline concentrations, number of fibroblasts, trace element contents and mechanical properties. In the 18 supplemented patients, it was shown that in skin (day 8) Fe increased (p < 0.05) and Mn decreased (p < 0.05); in scars (day 21), Cu (p = 0.07) and Mn (p < 0.01) decreased, and Mg (p < 0.05) increased; the mechanical properties of scars in group A were significantly correlated to their contents in Fe, Cu and Zn, whereas no correlation was shown in group B. In blood, AA increased after surgery with supplementation, whereas it decreased in controls. Although no major improvement of the would healing process could be documented in this study, our results suggest that the benefit of AA and PA supplementation could be due to the variations of the trace elements, as they are correlated to mechanical properties of the scars.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Vaxman
- INSERM U 61, Hospices Civils, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
21
|
Evrard S, Keller P, Hajri A, Balboni G, Mendoza-Burgos L, Damgé C, Marescaux J, Aprahamian M. Experimental pancreatic cancer in the rat treated by photodynamic therapy. Br J Surg 1994; 81:1185-9. [PMID: 7953356 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.1800810835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Selective histological necrosis of experimental pancreatic carcinoma by photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been successful with haematoporphyrin derivatives and phthalocyanine as photosensitizers. This report describes the feasibility of PDT with pheophorbide A as the photosensitizer to treat azaserine-induced pancreatic rat carcinoma and analyses survival of the animals. An organ distribution study 24 h after pheophorbide A administration (9 mg/kg intravenously) gave a selectivity ratio of 13.5:1 between tumour and surrounding tissue. Light of 660 nm and 100 J/cm2 induced selective necrosis of the tumour. Six of nine rats were cured in 120 days whereas all 36 control animals died within 35 days (P < 0.01). The pancrease and hepatic pedicle were relatively unaffected by PDT, but the duodenum was injured.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Evrard
- Department of Surgery A, Hôpitaux Universitaires, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
22
|
Evrard S, Hoeltzel A, Aprahamian M, Bernard C, Mutter D, Marescaux J, Damgé C. Implication of cholecystokinin in pancreatic adaptation after biliopancreatic bypass in the rat. Digestion 1994; 55:208-13. [PMID: 7520400 DOI: 10.1159/000201149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Biliopancreatic bypass (BPB), a bariatric surgical procedure, leads to a malnutrition-induced general visceral atrophy except for the pancreas. This work investigates the implication of cholecystokinin (CCK) in the exocrine pancreatic adaptive process using a plasma CCK assay and the CCK receptor antagonist CR 1409. No significant reduction in weight and DNA content of the pancreas was noted 36 days after BPB, while a strong decrease in protein, enzymes and RNA contents indicating cellular hypotrophy became apparent. CR 1409 treatment strongly depressed pancreatic weight and its DNA content in BPB animals, suggesting an additional hypoplasia; however, the reduction in pancreatic enzyme content was not aggravated. BPB increased plasma CCK concentrations by 160%, unrelated to CR 1409 treatment. These results indicate that: (1) CCK is involved in the pancreatic adaptive response after BPB in rats, and (2) in the context of a protein malnutrition state, CCK dissociates its pancreatic growth and enzymatic effects, favouring the former.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Evrard
- Clinique Chirurgicale A, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
23
|
Evrard S, Aprahamian M, Hoeltzel A, Vasilescu M, Marescaux J, Damgé C. Trophic and enzymatic adaptation of the intestine to biliopancreatic bypass in the rat. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1993; 17:541-7. [PMID: 7693135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Biliopancreatic bypass (BPB), the exclusion of a duodenojejunal loop from the digestive continuity, has been proposed as a bariatric procedure for treatment of morbid obesity. The present study in rats investigated the effect of this surgical procedure on the mucosae of the ileum directly anastomosed to the stomach, and of the jejunum irrigated only by biliopancreatic secretions. The proximal part of the ileum adapted by two-fold increases in its mucosal mass, total protein and RNA content; DNA content was four-fold higher than in sham-operated animals. There was a correlated increase of mucosal enzyme content, except for lactase. In the distal ileal mucosae, a slight, transient augmentation of mucosal mass, protein, DNA and RNA content was observed which tended to compensate for the shortening of the functional gut. No morphological changes were found in the excluded loop, probably because of an endoluminal stimulation by biliopancreatic secretions. Thus, in BPB, biliopancreatic secretions seem to exert trophic effects on the intestinal mucosa, but they are less potent than the endoluminal nutrition that restores the oral-aboral mucosal gradient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Evrard
- Department of Surgery A, Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
24
|
Aprahamian M. Biomaterials for digestive surgery. Biomaterials 1993; 14:556. [PMID: 8329530 DOI: 10.1016/0142-9612(93)90246-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
|
|
25
|
Aprahamian M, Evrard S, Keller P, Tsuji M, Balboni G, Damgé C, Marescaux J. Distribution of pheophorbide A in normal tissues and in an experimental pancreatic cancer in rats. Anticancer Drug Des 1993; 8:101-14. [PMID: 8494601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The in vivo administration and distribution of a potent new photosensitizer, pheophorbide A (PH-A), was investigated in rats. The spectral characteristics were determined. This hydrophobic compound was solubilized by an ethanol/phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) mixture (v/v) and sonicated immediately before i.v. administration. Tissue distribution and the affinity of PH-A for an acinar pancreatic tumor were determined in Lewis rats for up to 48 h after a single i.v. administration of 3 mg kg-1 body wt. Methanol-extracted PH-A was quantitatively determined by fluorescence spectrophotometry at 665.6 nm. The PH-A uptake pattern showed that the reticulo-endothelial system is the major target of PH-A, followed by the gut and then the lung and pancreas. PH-A concentrations in skin were very low. The presence of an enterohepatic cycle was suggested by the PH-A biliary output, intestinal uptake and blood concentrations. Tumor PH-A retention was longer than pancreatic retention. The ratio of tumoral to peri-tumoral pancreas PH-A was 6.7:1, 24 h after i.v. administration. With its similar tissue pattern, better absorption spectrum and lower skin toxicity, PH-A could be a more potent photosensitizer than hematoporphyrin derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Aprahamian
- INSERM, Unit 61, Digestive Cell Biology and Physiopathology, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
26
|
Abstract
Gastrointestinal hormones and neuropeptides are known to regulate growth of various normal gastrointestinal tissues and many cancers. Since cholecystokinin (CCK) is considered the most potent trophic factor for the exocrine pancreas, we studied its effect on growth of an acinar cell tumor, initially induced by azaserine and transplanted to the rat, in comparison with the normal pancreas. When tumors became palpable, rats were treated three times daily for 12 or 14 days with CCK-8 or NaCl 0.9% (controls) alone or in combination with the CCK receptor antagonist CR1409 (10 mg/kg) administered subcutaneously twice daily. Then tumors and pancreata were analyzed for their size, composition, and CCK receptors. Tumor volume, weight, and protein content, RNA, DNA, and enzymes decreased after CCK-8 treatment in a dose-dependent manner, the maximal effect being observed with 4-micrograms/kg treatment. This inhibitory effect was partially suppressed by CR1409, which by itself also reduced tumor growth, but to a lesser degree. CCK-8 exerted a stimulating effect on growth of the normal pancreas with low doses (1 and 2 micrograms/kg) and an inhibitory effect or no effect with a higher dose (4 micrograms/kg). CR1409 prevented this latter effect, but did not affect by itself the normal pancreas. These findings suggest that CCK-8 inhibits growth of an acinar cell tumor grafted to the rat; this effect is mediated by the occupation of specific CCK receptors present in high density on these cells. In contrast, CCK-8 exerts a biphasic effect on the normal pancreas as a function of its dose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Karsenty
- INSERM U61, Biologie Cellulaire et Physiopathologie Digestives, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
27
|
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy is a new anticancer technique, directed at the selective destruction of neoplastic tissue, which has been used in the treatment of superficial or intraluminal lesions. The technique has now reached the stage where it can be considered in the peroperative management of gastrointestinal tumours, for example in an attempt to eradicate micrometastases in the tissue around the primary tumour or in residual lymph nodes after curative resection. Many practical problems remain to be solved, such as the pharmacokinetics of photosensitizers, the dosimetry of illumination and the sensitivity of intra-abdominal organs. An experimental and clinical evaluation is in progress to assess the feasibility of photodynamic therapy in surgical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Evrard
- Department of Surgery A, University Louis Pasteur, Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
28
|
Hajri A, Balboni G, Garaud JC, Aprahamian M, Damgé C. Gastrin-releasing-peptide stimulates growth of a pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0167-0115(92)90247-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
|
29
|
Kessler L, Pinget M, Aprahamian M, Poinsot D, Keipes M, Damgé C. Diffusion properties of an artificial membrane used for Langerhans islets encapsulation: interest of an in vitro test. Transplant Proc 1992; 24:953-4. [PMID: 1604681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Kessler
- INSERM, Unité 61, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
30
|
Aprahamian M, Damgé C, Kerr-Conte J, Mutter D, Evrard S, Marescaux J. In vitro resistance of artificial connective tissues to human bile and pancreatic juice. Biomaterials 1992; 13:697-703. [PMID: 1420715 DOI: 10.1016/0142-9612(92)90130-g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The resistance of connective tissue generated from elastin, placenta extracts and human collagen was tested by in vitro incubation with bile and pancreatic juice to investigate the potential use in human digestive surgery. The resistance, determined by macroscopical and microscopical examinations, has been directly compared to those of bovine collagen matrices (Spongel, Pangen, Helistat, Translagen). Only the compact and cross-linked human collagen patch resisted both bile and pancreatic juice. All other biomaterials tested dissolved either in bile or in pancreatic juice. The in vivo behaviour of this new human collagen matrix and its involvement in gastrointestinal wound healing must now be investigated.
Collapse
|
|
31
|
Kessler L, Aprahamian M, Keipes M, Damgé C, Pinget M, Poinsot D. Diffusion properties of an artificial membrane used for Langerhans islets encapsulation: an in vitro test. Biomaterials 1992; 13:44-9. [PMID: 1543808 DOI: 10.1016/0142-9612(92)90094-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Glucose and insulin permeability of an artificial membrane (AN69, HOSPAL, Sweden) used for Langerhans islets encapsulation were investigated. In vivo, a 1 and 7 d intraperitoneal implantation of the AN69 membrane in rats induced a loss of permeability towards glucose and insulin probably due to a protein-coating performed after implantation. In vitro, a protein-coating of the AN69 membrane with fetal calf serum solution reproduced similar results. Thus this in vitro test which mimicks in vivo conditions should be proposed to evaluate rapidly the physicochemical properties of a membrane suitable for pancreatic islets encapsulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Kessler
- INSERM Unité 61, Biologie Cellulaire et Physiopathologie Digestives, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
32
|
Evrard S, Aprahamian M, Miehe J, Damge C, Sultan R, Marescaux J. [Photodynamic therapy in oncological digestive tract surgery]. Presse Med 1991; 20:1892-8. [PMID: 1836625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy is a useful new antitumoral treatment, since it is relatively selective and noniatrogenic. The photosensitizers become preferentially localized in the tumoral tissue, where their excitation by light causes the production of free cytotoxic radicals. If haematoporphyrin derivatives are the most widely used photosensitizers, numerous molecules are being tested. Now used as a palliative photodynamic therapy could logically be used as adjuvant treatment in curative surgical excision. The practical utility of peroperative photodynamic therapy in gastroenterological surgery is being evaluated experimentally and clinically.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Evrard
- Service d'Urgence, CHU, Hôpital Central, Strasbourg
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
33
|
Hajri A, Bruns C, Marbach P, Aprahamian M, Longnecker DS, Damgé C. Inhibition of the growth of transplanted rat pancreatic acinar carcinoma with octreotide. Eur J Cancer 1991; 27:1247-52. [PMID: 1683556 DOI: 10.1016/0277-5379(91)90091-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The effects of octreotide on transplanted azaserine-induced pancreatic acinar tumours were investigated in the rat. When tumours became palpable, rats were treated either with octreotide (40 micrograms/kg per day, by infusion) or NaCl 0.9% (controls) for 14 days. Tumours were then analysed for their size, composition and somatostatin receptors. Octreotide induced a 80% reduction in tumour growth rate during the first 2 days of treatment. This rate was less marked from day 4 to day 15. The tumour weight, protein, DNA, RNA and enzyme content were reduced in parallel by 50 to 60%. A homogeneous distribution density and a high affinity of somatostatin receptors were found by receptor autoradiography and in vitro binding assays in tumours of both groups. These findings indicate that octreotide reduces the growth rate of the transplanted pancreatic acinar tumour and may exert its inhibitory effect directly via specific somatostatin receptors on tumour cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Hajri
- INSERM Unit 61, Digestive Cellular Biology and Physiopathology, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
34
|
Kessler L, Pinget M, Aprahamian M, Dejardin P, Damgé C. In vitro and in vivo studies of the properties of an artificial membrane for pancreatic islet encapsulation. Horm Metab Res 1991; 23:312-7. [PMID: 1774016 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1003685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Encapsulation of pancreatic islets with an artificial membrane has been proposed as a means of immunoprotection after transplantation. Such a membrane should be biocompatible, nondegradable, and should allow the passage of insulin and glucose while preventing that of antibodies and lymphocytes. Thus, we have studied in vitro and in vivo, the characteristics of an acrylonitrile membrane (AN69, HOSPAL, Sweden) for islet encapsulation. The AN69 membrane composed of a fiber network with a porous structure, allowed a satisfactory passage of glucose (75% of the initial amount within one hour) but not of insulin (only 7%). The morphological state of rat islets cultured on membranes under both conditions for 2 weeks was similar to that of islets cultured on dishes; in addition rat fibroblasts retracted after a 3-day culture. Finally, the membrane was unaltered after a 12 month implantation in the peritoneal cavity of rats. When the surface properties of the AN69 membrane were changed by adsorption of a hydrophilic copolymer or by protein coating, the permeability of the membrane was modified. Glucose and insulin diffusion were significantly decreased after protein-coating, whereas glucose diffusion was preserved and that of insulin doubled after adsorption of a copolymer onto the membrane. In addition, after a 12-month implantation in the rat, the membrane surface treated by the copolymer was altered leading to the adhesion of macrophages. In conclusion, the AN69 acrylonitrile membrane may be useful for pancreatic islet encapsulation; its insulin permeability should be increased by a surface treatment aimed at increasing its hydrophilic properties. However the stability of this treatment seems to be an important factor in preserving the biocompatibility of the membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Kessler
- INSERM Unité 61, Biologie Cellulaire et Physiopathologie Digestives, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
35
|
Abstract
Anastomosis leakage still causes considerable morbidity and mortality after digestive tract surgery. We report here our experience of the use of reconstituted connective tissue created from elastin, fibronectin and collagen in preventing anastomosis leakage and closing intestinal fistulas. In animal studies (56 rats), this connective tissue was used as a patch applied with fibrin sealant to the edges of a 1 cm diameter colonic defect. In a clinical evaluation, eight patients had an intestinal fistula closed by a simple sewn suture reinforced by a sealed patch and seven patients had a high risk anastomosis reinforced by a sealed patch, in most cases as an alternative to staged surgery. In animal studies, complete reconstitution of the three colonic layers was obtained without retraction and without inflammatory reaction within 40 days, while the patch was slowly resorbed. In clinical trials all 15 defects and anastomoses healed without complication. Three patients died from other causes and, at autopsy, the patch was found to have remained in place covering the suture line. If these results are confirmed by a prospective clinical trial, such biomaterial offers the possibility of reducing the occurrence of anastomosis leakage, especially in high risk circumstances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J F Marescaux
- Service de Chirurgie Digestive, Université Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
36
|
Hajri A, Aprahamian M, Damgé C. Effect of prolonged administration of long-acting somatostatin on caerulein, CCK-8 and GRP induced pancreatic growth in the rat. Regul Pept 1991; 32:227-37. [PMID: 1709749 DOI: 10.1016/0167-0115(91)90049-m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This work investigates the effects of the long-acting somatostatin analogue, octreotide also named SMS 201-995 or Sandostatin, on pancreatic growth in function of the dose and duration of treatment. Octreotide was administered s.c. twice daily, while pancreatico-trophic peptides, caerulein and CCK-8 (1.8 nmol/kg b.wt.) or GRP (3.6 nmol/kg b.wt.) were administered s.c. three times daily. Octreotide (1,10,20 micrograms/kg b.wt.) administered for 4 days reduced pancreatic growth induced by caerulein in a dose-dependent manner. This effect, significant from 10 micrograms/kg, was more obvious with 20 micrograms/kg. At this latter dose, octreotide inhibited significantly the increase in pancreatic weight and protein, RNA, DNA and enzyme content induced by a 4- or 10-day treatment with GRP. A similar effect was observed after a 4-day treatment with CCK-8, but after a 10-day treatment only protein and enzyme contents were reduced. Octreotide by itself did not affect pancreatic size and composition after a 10-day treatment, but decreased enzyme content after a 4-day treatment. It is concluded that octreotide exerts an antitrophic effect on the rat exocrine pancreas which depends on the dose and duration of treatment and can be modulated by the trophic factor applied for a long-term.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Hajri
- INSERM Unit 61, Digestive Cell Biology and Physiopathology, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
37
|
Michel C, Aprahamian M, Defontaine L, Couvreur P, Damgé C. The effect of site of administration in the gastrointestinal tract on the absorption of insulin from nanocapsules in diabetic rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 1991; 43:1-5. [PMID: 1676051 DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1991.tb05437.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Isobutylcyanoacrylate nanocapsules have been used as drug carriers for the enteral absorption of insulin. Their absorption has been studied by measuring fasted glycaemia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats after a single administration of encapsulated insulin (100 units kg-1) at various sites along the gastrointestinal tract. Glycaemia decreased from the second day, the intensity and duration depending on the site of administration (65% ileum, 59% stomach, 52% duodenum and jejunum, 34% colon). This hypoglycaemic effect lasted up to the 18th day after administration for ileum and jejunum, the 15th day for stomach and duodenum, and the 13th day for colon. In-vitro, nanocapsules protect insulin against proteolysis from pepsin, chymotrypsin and trypsin. These results suggest (i) that insulin is protected by nanocapsules in the gastrointestinal tract, (ii) that it is absorbed in an active form, and (iii) that ileum is the most potent site of absorption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Michel
- INSERM-Unité 61, Biologie Cellulaire et Physiopathologie Digestives, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
38
|
Evrard S, Aprahamian M, Loza E, Guerrico M, Marescaux J, Damgé C. Malnutrition and body weight loss after biliopancreatic bypass in the rat. Int J Obes (Lond) 1991; 15:51-8. [PMID: 2010258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study designed to investigate the nutritional state induced by biliopancreatic bypass in the rat, the pancreatico-biliary secretions were diverted via the duodenum and jejunum into the distal ileum, the remaining intestine being directly anastomosed to the stomach after antrectomy. Bypassed animals lost weight: it was only 56 percent of that of controls after 36 days and death by cachexia resulted within two months of the procedure. The reduced food intake (16 percent less than control) at the 36th postoperative day cannot by itself explain the weight loss, since pair-fed rat weights did not differ statistically from controls at 36 days. Protein-energy malabsorption occurred: drops in serum protein concentration (25 percent less than control), triglycerides (40 percent less) and total cholesterol (28 percent less) were recorded from the 12th postoperative day on. Biliopancreatic bypass may be an adequate procedure of treatment for morbid obesity simultaneously aggravated by metabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Evrard
- INSERM, Unit 61, Digestive Cell Biology and Physiopathology, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
39
|
|
|
40
|
Lefebvre F, Drouillet F, Savin de Larclause AM, Aprahamian M, Midy D, Bordenave L, Rabaud M. Repair of experimental arteriotomy in rabbit aorta using a new resorbable elastin-fibrin biomaterial. J Biomed Mater Res 1989; 23:1423-32. [PMID: 2621215 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.820231205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A new artificial connective matrix which results from two reactions of fibrinogen and fibronectin on elastin was used to obturate a slit made in the abdominal aorta of rabbit. The so-called Elastin-Fibrin biomaterial behaved as a scaffold through which all the different structures were restored to their former condition. At 3 months, the material had disappeared and no thrombus, no inflammation or reject had been detected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Lefebvre
- Inserm Unité 306, CEEMASI, Université de Bordeaux II, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
41
|
Abstract
The elasticity, mechanical strength and permeability of a new biomaterial made of elastin and fibrin were investigated. It was shown that gamma-irradiation to sterilize the product, and sulphur derivatives (Merceptyl, thiourea, cystein) working as reticulating agents modified these properties. Depending on whether or not the biomaterial needs to be stiff, strong or elastic both physical processes could intervene separately or together. The good permeability of this material allows it to be used in several surgical fields as a true artificial connective matrix.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Barbié
- INSERM, Unité 306, Université de Bordeaux II, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
42
|
Marescaux J, Evrard S, Aprahamian M, Stock-Damge C, Coumaros D, Sibilly A. Pancreatic lithiasis: a rare cause of gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Surgery 1989; 105:682-5. [PMID: 2650009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The rare instance of a gastrointestinal hemorrhage caused by a lithiasis of the duct of Wirsung is described. The world literature records only 13 other cases. Pancreatic calculi cause hemorrhage by either migrating through the pancreatic parenchyma to perforate the duodenum, ulcerating the vessels of the periductal parenchyma, or rupturing the pancreas. The usual sign of this complication of chronic calcifying pancreatitis, difficult to diagnose, is repeated gastrointestinal hemorrhages and sometimes pain, as in epigastric colitis. The immediate therapy is control of the hemorrhage. With transcatheter occlusive techniques, radical surgery can be postponed until it is more tolerable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Marescaux
- Clinique Chirurgicale A, Université Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
43
|
Lhoste EF, Aprahamian M, Balboni G, Damgé C. Evidence for a direct trophic effect of bombesin on the mouse pancreas: in vivo and cell culture studies. Regul Pept 1989; 24:45-54. [PMID: 2472647 DOI: 10.1016/0167-0115(89)90210-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The present work studied the effect of chronic bombesin on the mouse pancreas and analyzed whether or not this effect was direct. Bombesin administered s.c. 3 times daily for 4 days at various concentrations (0.1, 1, 10, 20 micrograms/kg b. wt.) induced pancreatic growth in a dose-dependent manner. This growth was characterized by an increase in pancreatic weight, its protein and RNA contents suggesting cellular hypertrophy. Pancreatic enzyme content was also increased, especially for amylase (14-fold) and at a lesser degree for chymotrypsin and lipase (2.5-fold). The DNA content of the gland increased significantly after a 1 microgram/kg bombesin treatment suggesting hyperplasia. [3H]thymidine incorporation into DNA increased slightly from 24 h after the first bombesin injection and more obviously at 72 and 96 h indicating DNA synthesis. To determine the direct effect of bombesin on pancreatic acinar cell growth cells were cultured as monolayers on collagen gels in media lacking added hormones and containing 2.5% FBS with or without bombesin (1 microM-1 nM) or caerulein (10 nM). [3H]thymidine incorporation into DNA was increased by caerulein (10 nM) and bombesin (100 nM and 1 microM). Therefore, it is concluded that bombesin is a pancreaticotrophic peptide in mice. Moreover, it is suggested that this effect occurs directly on pancreatic cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E F Lhoste
- INSERM Unit 61, Digestive Cell Biology and Physiopathology, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
44
|
Hajri A, Aprahamian M, Damgé C. Effect of a new CCK-receptor antagonist, CR 1409, on pancreatic growth induced by caerulein, CCK-8, bombesin and gastrin-releasing peptide in the rat. Digestion 1989; 43:66-72. [PMID: 2806757 DOI: 10.1159/000199863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The effect of a peripheral cholecystokinin (CCK)-receptor antagonist, CR 1409, on pancreatic growth has been studied in the rat. 1.8 nmol/kg CCK-8 or caerulein and 3.6 nmol/kg bombesin or gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) administered subcutaneously 3 times daily for 4 successive days increased pancreatic weight and its content in protein, enzymes and RNA but not in DNA, suggesting cellular hypertrophy. CR 1409 (10 mg/kg) administered intragastrically 30 min prior to peptides prevented pancreatic growth due to CCK-8 or caerulein but not that induced by bombesin and GRP. It is concluded that bombesin and GRP act on the exocrine pancreas directly rather than through the release of CCK.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Hajri
- INSERM Unit 61, Digestive Cell Biology and Physiopathology, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
45
|
Damgé C, Hajri A, Lhoste E, Aprahamian M. Comparative effect of chronic bombesin, gastrin-releasing peptide and caerulein on the rat pancreas. Regul Pept 1988; 20:141-50. [PMID: 2452459 DOI: 10.1016/0167-0115(88)90047-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to compare, on a molar basis, the effect of chronic bombesin, gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) and caerulein on pancreatic growth in the rat. These 3 peptides were administered s.c. 3 times daily for 4 days at the following concentrations: 0.036, 0.36, 3.6 and 7.2 nmol/kg of body weight. Bombesin and GRP induced pancreatic growth in a dose-dependent manner from 3.6 nmol/kg. This growth was characterized by an increase in pancreatic weight, its protein and RNA contents but not in DNA content suggesting cellular hypertrophy. Caerulein exerted a biphasic effect on pancreatic growth, inducing cellular hypertrophy at low doses since 0.36 nmol/kg and atrophy with the highest dose (7.2 nmol/kg). Bombesin and caerulein (until 3.6 nmol/kg) increased the pancreatic content in chymotrypsin more than in amylase. The 7.2 nmol/kg caerulein treatment depressed all enzyme activities while the same dose of GRP increased pancreatic lipase content. It is concluded that (1) bombesin and GRP are equipotent trophic factors for the pancreas; (2) caerulein is the most potent factor and exerts a biphasic effect on pancreatic growth; (3) pancreatic growth and synthesis and/or secretion of enzymes are not regulated through the same mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Damgé
- INSERM Unit 61, Digestive Cell Biology and Physiopathology, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
46
|
Abstract
Polyalkylcyanoacrylate nanocapsules (mean size 220 nm), composed of spheric polymeric structures, have been used as a drug carrier for insulin. The rate of encapsulation of insulin is 54.9%, and we studied the therapeutic efficiency of the nanocapsules in diabetic and normal rats. When administered subcutaneously, insulin-loaded nanocapsules prolonged the hypoglycemic effect of insulin; the duration of this effect increased with the doses. When administered orally by force-feeding to diabetic rats, insulin nanocapsules (12.5, 25, and 50 U/kg) decreased fasted glycemia 50-60% by day 2. This effect was maintained for 6 or 20 days with 12.5 or 50 U/kg, respectively. Only the dose of 100 U/kg decreased fed glycemia by 25% in diabetic rats. In normal rats, hyperglycemia induced by an oral glucose load was reduced by 50% with the same dose of oral insulin nanocapsules. We concluded that polyalkylcyanoacrylate nanocapsules preserve the therapeutic effect of insulin when administered orally and prolong this effect when administered subcutaneously and orally.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Damgé
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 61, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
47
|
Abstract
To study the effects of chronic bombesin on pancreatic growth and secretion, rats were injected subcutaneously, 3 times daily for 4 days with either saline or bombesin (10 micrograms/kg). Bombesin significantly increased the pancreatic weight and content in protein and RNA but not in DNA. The ratios of the three former parameters to DNA increased, suggesting cellular hypertrophy. The pancreatic content in enzymes was also elevated, especially for chymotrypsin and to a lesser degree for amylase. However, the volume of pancreatic secretion and the output of enzymes in response to CCK under a continuous infusion of secretin remained unchanged. The in vitro secretory response to caerulein and bombesin was reduced for amylase and lipase. It is concluded that chronic bombesin exerts a trophic action on the rat pancreas but decreases the sensitivity of each cell to hormonal stimulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Stock-Damgé
- Biologie Cellulaire et Physiopathologie Digestives, INSERM Unité 61, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
48
|
Aprahamian M, Lambert A, Balboni G, Lefebvre F, Schmitthaeusler R, Damge C, Rabaud M. A new reconstituted connective tissue matrix: preparation, biochemical, structural and mechanical studies. J Biomed Mater Res 1987; 21:965-77. [PMID: 3654689 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.820210803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A fibrinogen derivative generated by thrombin was reacted with elastin to yield a new addition product or adduct between the two proteins. Addition of fibronectin, and then of collagen, did not interfere with the basic elastin-fibrinogen reaction and conferred the qualities of an artificial connective tissue to the product. Biochemical, structural and biomechanical aspects of the new matrix were studied. Aprotinin, heparin, thiomersal, and thiourea did not inhibit the main reaction; indeed, some of these ingredients improved the matrix cohesion. Scanning electron microscopy showed the genesis of a true network whose meshes were more reticulated by the addition of thiourea. Biomechanical studies, i.e., strength and elasticity showed the thiourea matrix to be the strongest. These intrinsic properties suggest the product could have biological and clinical applications.
Collapse
|
|
49
|
Stock-Damgé C, Aprahamian M, Lhoste E, Marescaux J, Loza E. Small bowel bypass prevents the trophic action of cholecystokinin on the rat pancreas. Int J Pancreatol 1987; 2:257-67. [PMID: 2445878 DOI: 10.1007/bf02788403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The effect of a chronic administration of cholecystokinin (CCK) on the rat pancreas has been studied in rats subjected to a 90% jejunoileal bypass or an intestinal transection (controls). Jejunoileal bypass, when compared to transection, did not modify the size of the pancreas but decreased its enzyme content, especially for amylase, and reduced the number of zymogen granules. These structural and biochemical changes were maintained when bypassed animals were treated three times daily and for six days with cholecystokinin (20 Ivy Dog Units (IDU)/kg). In contrast, CCK treatment in transected animals induced growth of the pancreas due to cellular hypertrophy and hyperplasia; pancreatic enzyme content, especially for chymotrypsin, and the population of zymogen granules in acinar cells were also enhanced. It is concluded that jejunoileal bypass prevents the trophic action of chronic CCK on the pancreas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Stock-Damgé
- INSERM, Unit 61, Digestive Cellular Biology and Physiopathology, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
50
|
Pousse A, Mendel C, Aprahamian M, Kachelhoffer J, Balboni G, Plas A. A slow wave frequency complex of the canine small intestine during the fasting state. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 1987; 65:1132-5. [PMID: 3621060 DOI: 10.1139/y87-178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The electrical activity of the duodenum and proximal jejunum was studied in conscious healthy dogs implanted with unipolar silver electrodes. A computerized method was used for the calculation of the mean frequency of the slow wave for each consecutive minute of the electromyographic signal. A "slow wave frequency complex" was identified in the fasted animals. It was characterized by an increase of the mean frequency of the slow wave which ranged, from one dog to another, between 1 and 3 cycles/min. The complex lasted about 30 min. It consisted of two distinct phases: a phase of increasing frequency of the slow wave which lasted about one-third of the total duration of the complex and a phase of progressive return of the frequency to its precomplex value. Each phase III of the migrating myoelectric complex occurring in both the duodenum and the jejunum was associated with one slow wave frequency complex. The phase III began a few minutes before the start of the slow wave frequency complex and ended a few minutes before the slow wave frequency reached its maximum. Ectopic phase IIIs which occurred in the jejunum but not in the duodenum were not associated with slow wave frequency complexes. The slow wave frequency complex was never seen in the fed dogs.
Collapse
|