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Cai JH, Chuang CC, Chen MH, Yeh CP, Hsu CY. Differences of bioelectrical impedance in the development and healing phase of pressure ulcers and erythema in mouse model. J Tissue Viability 2024:S0965-206X(24)00025-1. [PMID: 38431432 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtv.2024.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Pressure ulcers (PUs) are economically burdensome medical conditions. Early changes in pressure ulcers are associated with erythema. In this study, bioelectrical impedance was used to measure the differences between PUs and blanchable erythema. We divided 21 ICR mice into three groups: control, 1000 mmHg-1h, and 1000 mmHg-6h. Healthy skin, blanchable erythema, and PUs were induced on the dorsal skin. The results indicated an immediate increase in impedance, resistance, and reactance values in the pressure group after release, followed by a subsequent decrease until two days after release. Compared with the control group, impedance and reactance significantly increased by 30.9% (p < 0.05) and 30.1% (p < 0.01), respectively, in the 6 h-loading group immediately after release. One and two days after release, the 1 h-loading and 6 h-loading groups exhibited significantly different degrees of decline. One day after release, impedance and resistance decreased by 30.2% (p < 0.05) and 19.8% (p < 0.05), respectively, in the 1 h-loading group; while impedance, resistance, and reactance decreased by 39.2% (p < 0.01), 26.8% (p < 0.01), and 45.7% (p < 0.05), respectively, in the 6 h-loading group. Two days after release, in the 1 h-loading group, impedance and resistance decreased by 28.3% (p < 0.05) and 21.7% (p < 0.05), respectively; while in the 6 h-loading group, impedance, resistance, and reactance decreased by 49.8% (p < 0.001), 34.2% (p < 0.001), and 59.8% (p < 0.01), respectively. One and two days after release the pressure group reductions were significantly greater than those in the control group. Additionally, we monitored changes during wound healing. Distinguishing early PUs from blanchable erythema by noninvasive bioelectrical impedance technology may have applications value in early assessment of PUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Cai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung Pei Road, Chung Li District, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.
| | - C C Chuang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung Pei Road, Chung Li District, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.
| | - M H Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung Pei Road, Chung Li District, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.
| | - C P Yeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung Pei Road, Chung Li District, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.
| | - C Y Hsu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ten-Chan General Hospital, Yanping Road, Chung Li District, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.
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Zeng HH, Ma M, Wang YL, Chen MH, Huang DB. Hyperoside attenuates carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic fibrosis via the poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-1-high mobility group protein 1 pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 960:176178. [PMID: 37923159 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation have been implicated in hepatic fibrosis. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities are among the pharmacological effects of hyperoside. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of hyperoside on hepatic fibrosis and elucidate the underlying processes that perpetuate this relationship. The findings indicated that hyperoside significantly protects mouse livers against damage, inflammation, and fibrosis. Specifically, attenuation of hepatic fibrosis is associated with lower expression of HMGB1 protein and reduced expression of Toll-like receptor 4, PARP-1, and nuclear factor-kB (NF-κB) p65 mRNA and protein. Furthermore, hyperoside inhibited the cytoplasmic translocation of HMGB1 and nuclear localization of NF-κB p65 in the hepatic tissues of mice. The results of this study indicate that hyperoside may impose a blocking or reversing effect on hepatic fibrosis; additionally, the corresponding hyperoside-dependent mechanism may be linked to PARP-1-HMGB1 pathway regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Zeng
- Health Science Center, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, 445000, China.
| | - M Ma
- Health Science Center, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, 445000, China.
| | - Y L Wang
- Health Science Center, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, 445000, China.
| | - M H Chen
- Health Science Center, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, 445000, China.
| | - D B Huang
- Health Science Center, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, 445000, China.
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Sabbagh A, Trock B, Partin AW, Wu J, Chen MH, Tilki D, DAmico AV, Mohamad O. Machine Learning for the Prediction of Biochemical Recurrence in Patients Treated with Radical Prostatectomy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e484. [PMID: 37785531 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Biochemical recurrence (BCR) occurs in about 40% of patients with prostate cancer following radical prostatectomy (RP). Our goal was to develop a machine learning model for the prediction of BCR five-years after RP, to improve patient prognostication. MATERIALS/METHODS Patients treated with RP at a tertiary care medical center between 1990 and 2017 were included. A gradient boosted decision trees-based machine learning model modified to handle survival data was trained on 80% of the dataset. The model's performance was evaluated on the remaining 20%. Input variables were age at surgery, prostate specific antigen (PSA) at diagnosis (in ng/mL), pathologic Gleason grade group (GG), pathologic T stage (organ confined disease vs. extracapsular extension (ECE) vs. seminal vesicle invasion (SVI)), lymph node involvement, and surgical margin status. Model performance was assessed using time-dependent area under curve of the receiver operator curve (AUC). RESULTS The full dataset included 11,139 patients, of whom 1,153 (10%) developed BCR. Median age at surgery was 59 and PSA at diagnosis was 5.4 ng/mL. Only 1,080 (9.7%) patients had GG 3, and 707 (6.3%) GG 4 and 5. 1,366 (12%) patients had positive surgical margins and 134 (1.2%) had lymph node involvement. Most patients had organ confined disease with EPE and SVI diagnosed in 2,759 (25%) and 392 (3.5%) patients, respectively. Median follow-up was 5 years and median time to BCR was 4 years. When validated on the hold-out set of 2,228 patients, the model shows a time-dependent AUC of 0.82 (95% CI 0.78 - 0.86) for BCR at t = 5 years. CONCLUSION Our machine learning model can be used to estimate risk of BCR following RP and shows exceptional performance, with implications on patient prognostication and follow-up. We are currently working on validating its performance on an external dataset.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sabbagh
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - B Trock
- Brady Urological Institute at Johns Hopkins Medical Institution, Baltimore, MD
| | - A W Partin
- Brady Urological Institute at Johns Hopkins Medical Institution, Baltimore, MD
| | - J Wu
- University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI
| | - M H Chen
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT
| | - D Tilki
- Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - A V DAmico
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - O Mohamad
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
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Sabbagh A, Tilki D, Partin AW, Trock B, Chen MH, Wu J, DAmico AV, Mohamad O. Machine Learning for the Prediction of Adverse Pathological Outcomes in Patients Treated with Radical Prostatectomy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e484. [PMID: 37785533 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Extracapsular extension (ECE) and seminal vesicle invasion (SVI) are associated with negative oncologic outcomes in patients with prostate cancer. We have developed and validated a machine learning model to more accurately identify patients at risk of these adverse surgical outcomes prior to radical prostatectomy (RP). MATERIALS/METHODS This study included a cohort of patients diagnosed with prostate cancer and treated with RP and lymph node dissection at a tertiary care medical center from 2010 to 2020. An ensemble model using a base gradient-boosted trees-based machine learning model and isotonic calibrators was trained on 80% of the cohort, with 20% held out for validation. The model uses age at surgery, prostate specific antigen level (PSA) at diagnosis, biopsy Gleason grade group, numbers of positive and negative cores on biopsy, and clinical T-stage (cT) as input variables. Model performance was assessed on the hold-out set using the area under the receiver operating curve (AUC). RESULTS The full dataset included 18,729 eligible patients. Median PSA at diagnosis was 7.3 ng/mL. Most patients had clinically organ confined disease (cT1 - cT2) with only 136 (0.7%) having cT3. The most common biopsy Gleason grade group was 2 (7,118 or 38% of patients), with Gleason grade 4 in 1,796 (9.6%), and 5 in 1,064 (5.7%) patients. After RP, 11,931 (64%) of patients had organ confined disease, 4,298 (23%) had ECE, and 2,500 (13%) had SVI. When validated on the hold-out set (n = 3,746), the model had AUCs of 0.79 (95%-CI 0.77 - 0.80), 0.67 (0.65 - 0.69), and 0.83 (0.81 - 0.85) for the prediction of organ confined disease, ECE, and SVI, respectively. CONCLUSION In conclusion, we have developed a machine learning model that predicts individual patient risk of pathologic T-stage. The model can be used to provide more accurate risk assessments and improve surgical treatment planning. We are currently working on externally validating our results on patients from different institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sabbagh
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - D Tilki
- Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - A W Partin
- Brady Urological Institute at Johns Hopkins Medical Institution, Baltimore, MD
| | - B Trock
- Brady Urological Institute at Johns Hopkins Medical Institution, Baltimore, MD
| | - M H Chen
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT
| | - J Wu
- University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI
| | - A V DAmico
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - O Mohamad
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
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Huang SH, Chi P, Huang Y, Wang XJ, Chen MH, Sun YW, Lin HM, Jiang WZ. [Anatomical classification of and laparoscopic surgery for left-sided colorectal cancer with persistent descending mesocolon]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2023; 26:668-674. [PMID: 37583024 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20230109-00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate anatomical morphology and classification of persistent descending mesocolon (PDM) in patients with left-sided colorectal cancer, as well as the safety of laparoscopic radical surgery for these patients. Methods: This is a descriptive study of case series. Relevant clinical data of 995 patients with left colon and rectal cancer who had undergone radical surgery in Fujian Medical University Union Hospital from July 2021 to September 2022 were extracted from the colorectal surgery database of our institution and retrospectively analyzed. Twenty-four (2.4%) were identified as PDM and their imaging data and intra-operative videos were reviewed. We determined the distribution and morphology of the descending colon and mesocolon, and evaluated the feasibility and complications of laparoscopic surgery. We classified PDM according to its anatomical characteristics as follows: Type 0: PDM combined with malrotation of the midgut or persistent ascending mesocolon; Type 1: unfixed mesocolon at the junction between transverse and descending colon; Type 2: PDM with descending colon shifted medially (Type 2A) or to the right side (Type 2B) of the abdominal aorta at the level of the origin of the inferior mesentery artery (IMA); and Type 3: the mesocolon of the descending-sigmoid junction unfixed and the descending colon shifted medially and caudally to the origin of IMA. Results: The diagnosis of PDM was determined based on preoperative imaging findings in 9 of the 24 patients (37.5%) with left-sided colorectal cancer, while the remaining diagnoses were made during intraoperative assessment. Among 24 patients, 22 were male and 2 were female. The mean age was (63±9) years. We classified PDM as follows: Type 0 accounted for 4.2% (1/24); Type 1 for 8.3% (2/24); Types 2A and 2B for 37.5% (9/24) and 25.0% (6/24), respectively; and Type 3 accounted for 25.0% (6/24). All patients with PDM had adhesions of the mesocolon that required adhesiolysis. Additionally, 20 (83.3%) of them had adhesions between the mesentery of the ileum and colon. Twelve patients (50.0%) required mobilization of the splenic flexure. The inferior mesenteric artery branches had a common trunk in 14 patients (58.3%). Twenty-four patients underwent D3 surgery without conversion to laparotomy; the origin of the IMA being preserved in 22 (91.7%) of them. Proximal colon ischemia occurred intraoperatively in two patients (8.3%) who had undergone high ligation at the origin of the IMA. One of these patients had a juxta-anal low rectal cancer and underwent intersphincteric abdominoperineal resection because of poor preoperative anal function. Laparoscopic subtotal colectomy was considered necessary for the other patient. The duration of surgery was (260±100) minutes and the median estimated blood loss was 50 (20-200) mL. The median number of No. 253 lymph nodes harvested was 3 (0-20), and one patient (4.2%) had No.253 nodal metastases. The median postoperative hospital stay was 8 (4-23) days, and the incidence of complications 16.7% (4/24). There were no instances of postoperative colon ischemia or necrosis observed. One patient (4.2%) with stage IIA rectal cancer developed Grade B (Clavien-Dindo III) anastomotic leak and underwent elective ileostomy. The other complications were Grade I-II. Conclusions: PDM is frequently associated with mesenteric adhesions. Our proposed classification can assist surgeons in identifying the descending colon and mesocolon during adhesion lysis in laparoscopic surgery. It is crucial to protect the colorectal blood supply at the resection margin to minimize the need for unplanned extended colectomy, the Hartmann procedure, or permanent stomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Huang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - P Chi
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Y Huang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - X J Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - M H Chen
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Y W Sun
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - H M Lin
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - W Z Jiang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
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Huang K, Li HY, Chen MH, Zhu TT, Zhang XY, Lyu FF, Lin L, Su MS, Dong L. [Analysis of the clinical features and the risk factors of severe human metapneu movirus-associated community acquired pneumonia in children]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2023; 61:322-327. [PMID: 37011977 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20221231-01079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics and the risk factors of severe human metapneumovirus (hMPV)-associated community acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children. Methods: A retrospective case summary was conducted. From December 2020 to March 2022, 721 children who were diagnosed with CAP and tested positive for hMPV nucleic acid by PCR-capillary electrophoresis fragment analysis of nasopharyngeal secretions at the Yuying Children's Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University were selected as the research objects. The clinical characteristics, epidemiological characteristics and mixed pathogens of the two groups were analyzed. According to CAP diagnostic criteria, the children were divided into the severe group and the mild group. Chi-square test or Mann-Whitney rank and contrast analysis was used for comparison between groups, while multivariate Logistic regression was applied to analyze the risk factors of the severe hMPV-associated CAP. Results: A total of 721 children who were diagnosed with hMPV-associated CAP were included in this study, with 397 males and 324 females. There were 154 cases in the severe group. The age of onset was 1.0 (0.9, 3.0) years, <3 years old 104 cases (67.5%), and the length of hospital stay was 7 (6, 9) days. In the severe group, 67 children (43.5%) were complicated with underlying diseases. In the severe group, 154 cases (100.0%) had cough, 148 cases (96.1%) had shortness of breath and pulmonary moist rales, and 132 cases (85.7%) had fever, 23 cases (14.9%) were complicated with respiratory failure. C-reactive protein (CRP) was elevated in 86 children (55.8%), including CRP≥50 mg/L in 33 children (21.4%). Co-infection was detected in 77 cases (50.0%) and 102 strains of pathogen were detected, 25 strains of rhinovirus, 17 strains of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, 15 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, 12 strains of Haemophilus influenzae and 10 strains of respiratory syncytial virus were detected. Six cases (3.9%) received heated and humidified high flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy, 15 cases (9.7%) were admitted to intensive care unit, and 2 cases (1.3%) received mechanical ventilation. In the severe group, 108 children were cured, 42 children were improved, 4 chlidren were discharged automatically without recovery and no death occurred. There were 567 cases in the mild group. The age of onset was 2.7 (1.0, 4.0) years, and the length of hospital stay was 4 (4, 6) days.Compared with the mild group, the proportion of children who age of disease onset <6 months, CRP≥50 mg/L, the proportions of preterm birth, congenital heart disease, malnutrition, congenital airway malformation, neuromuscular disease, mixed respiratory syncytial viruses infection were higher (20 cases (13.0%) vs. 31 cases (5.5%), 32 cases (20.8%) vs. 64 cases (11.3%), 23 cases (14.9%) vs. 44 cases (7.8%), 11 cases (7.1%) vs. 18 cases (3.2%), 9 cases (5.8%) vs. 6 cases (1.1%), 11 cases (7.1%) vs. 12 cases (2.1%), 8 cases (5.2%) vs. 4 cases (0.7%), 10 cases (6.5%) vs. 13 cases (2.3%), χ2=0.42, 9.45, 7.40, 4.94, 11.40, 8.35, 3.52, 6.92, all P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age<6 months (OR=2.51, 95%CI 1.29-4.89), CRP≥50 mg/L (OR=2.20, 95%CI 1.36-3.57), prematurity (OR=2.19, 95%CI 1.26-3.81), malnutrition (OR=6.05, 95%CI 1.89-19.39) were the independent risk factors for severe hMPV-associated CAP. Conclusions: Severe hMPV-associated CAP is most likely to occur in infants under 3 years old and has a higher proportion of underlying diseases and co-infection. The main clinical manifestations are cough, shortness of breath and pulmonary moist rales, fever. The overall prognosis is good. Age<6 months, CRP≥50 mg/L, preterm birth, malnutrition are the independent risk factors for severe hMPV-associated CAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Huang
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - H Y Li
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - M H Chen
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - T T Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - X Y Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - F F Lyu
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - L Lin
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - M S Su
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - L Dong
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
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Tian BS, Wu YJ, Cui XX, Lyu JW, Chen MH, Zhu C, Gu B. [Research progress of CRISPR/Cas biosensors based on different signal amplification strategies]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 57:112-119. [PMID: 36655267 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20220220-00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
CRISPR/Cas(the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-CRISPR associated)system exists in most bacteria and all archaea. It is an important strategy for bacteria and archaea to resist foreign nucleic acid invasion and use for self-defense. The CRISPR/Cas system is a simple, fast, and specific diagnostic tool, which is widely used in agriculture, industry, animal husbandry, and medicine. This article mainly introduces and discusses recently advantages and limitations of biosensors combining CRISPR/Cas system with fluorescence, visualization and surface enhanced raman related technologies, as well as future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S Tian
- College of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China Division of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences,Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Y J Wu
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - X X Cui
- College of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China Division of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences,Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - J W Lyu
- College of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China Division of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences,Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - M H Chen
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - C Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xuzhou Tumor Hospital, Xuzhou 221005, China
| | - B Gu
- College of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China Division of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences,Guangzhou 510080, China
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Sun ZL, Chen MH, Guo YN, Liu ZQ. LncRNA XIST is elevated in patients with chronic heart failure and has a regulatory role in cardiomyocyte function. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2021; 35:677-682. [PMID: 33792216 DOI: 10.23812/20-731-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Z L Sun
- Second Department of Cardiology, Changle People's Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - M H Chen
- Second Department of Cardiology, Changle People's Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Y N Guo
- First Department of Cardiology, Changle People's Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Z Q Liu
- Second Department of Cardiology, Changle People's Hospital, Shandong, China
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Peng X, Qu MJ, Wang SJ, Huang YX, Chen C, Chen MH. Chemosensory proteins participate in insecticide susceptibility in Rhopalosiphum padi, a serious pest on wheat crops. Insect Mol Biol 2021; 30:138-151. [PMID: 33188557 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Rhopalosiphum padi is a worldwide agricultural pest. Chemosensory proteins (CSPs) are considered to be a type of transporters which can bind chemicals from external environments. Previous research showed that the expression of some insect CSPs were significantly increased after exposure to insecticides, and CSPs were involved in insecticide resistance or susceptibility. However, the role of CSPs in the susceptibility and response of R. padi to insecticides is still unknown. In this study, we identified eight CSP (RpCSP) from R. padi by genome-wide investigation. Seven RpCSP genes had two exons, while RpCSP7 had three exons. qPCR analyses showed that the mRNA levels of the eight RpCSP genes were significantly affected by imidacloprid and beta-cypermethrin in different post-treatment periods. Molecular docking predicted that there were hydrogen bonding sites which played key roles in binding of RpCSP4, RpCSP5, RpCSP6, RpCSP7 and RpCSP10 with imidacloprid and beta-cypermethrin. Knockdown of RpCSP4, RpCSP5, RpCSP6 and RpCSP10 by RNA interference significantly increased the aphid mortality under two sublethal concentrations of imidacloprid. Mortalities under two sublethal concentrations of beta-cypermethrin conditions were significantly higher after injection of R. padi with dsCSP4 and dsCSP6. The results indicate that some RpCSP genes are involved in the insecticide susceptibility of R. padi.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Peng
- Northwest A&F University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - M J Qu
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, China
| | - S J Wang
- Northwest A&F University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Y X Huang
- Northwest A&F University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - C Chen
- Northwest A&F University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - M H Chen
- Northwest A&F University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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Abstract
This study aimed to detect the expression of Wnt-induced secreted protein-1 (WISP-1) in renal fibrosis (RF) and to clarify the underlying mechanism. An in vivo mousee model of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and in vitro model of fibrosis on renal tubular epithelial NRK52E cells after transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) stimulation were used. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blot (WB), and immunohistochemistry were used to detect WISP-1 and fibrosis markers, including the expression of fibronectin (FN), collagen I (Col I), collagen IV (Col IV), and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). In vitro experiments showed that the expression of WISP-1 and fibrosis markers FN, Col I, Col IV, and α-SMA in rat renal tubular epithelial cells were significantly higher than that in the control group after 48 h of TGF-β1 stimulation. In vivo experiments showed that the expressions of WISP-1 and fibrosis markers FN, Col I, Col IV, and α-SMA in the obstructed kidney of UUO animal models were significantly increased in mRNA and protein levels compared to normal mice. This study showed that WISP-1 may be an essential cytokine that promotes renal fibrosis, being involved in the development of renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - P Chai
- Department of Ultrasonic, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - J Wang
- Department of Nephrology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - L Li
- Department of Nephrology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - M H Chen
- Department of Nephrology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
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Wylie GR, Yao B, Genova HM, Chen MH, DeLuca J. Using functional connectivity changes associated with cognitive fatigue to delineate a fatigue network. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21927. [PMID: 33318529 PMCID: PMC7736266 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78768-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive fatigue, or fatigue related to mental work, is a common experience. A growing body of work using functional neuroimaging has identified several regions that appear to be related to cognitive fatigue and that potentially comprise a "fatigue network". These include the striatum of the basal ganglia, the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), the ventro-medial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and the anterior insula. However, no work has been conducted to assess whether the connectivity between these regions changes as a function of cognitive fatigue. We used a task-based functional neuroimaging paradigm to induce fatigue in 39 healthy individuals, regressed the signal associated with the task out of the data, and investigated how the functional connectivity between these regions changed as cognitive fatigue increased. We observed functional connectivity between these regions and other frontal regions largely decreased as cognitive fatigue increased while connectivity between these seeds and more posterior regions increased. Furthermore the striatum, the DLPFC, the insula and the vmPFC appeared to be central 'nodes' or hubs of the fatigue network. These findings represent the first demonstration that the functional connectivity between these areas changes as a function of cognitive fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- G R Wylie
- Kessler Foundation, Rocco Ortenzio Neuroimaging Center, 1199 Pleasant Valley Way, West Orange, NJ, 07052, USA.
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rutgers University, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07101, USA.
- The Department of Veterans' Affairs, The War Related Illness and Injury Center, New Jersey Healthcare System, East Orange Campus, East Orange, NJ, 07018, USA.
| | - B Yao
- Kessler Foundation, Rocco Ortenzio Neuroimaging Center, 1199 Pleasant Valley Way, West Orange, NJ, 07052, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rutgers University, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07101, USA
| | - H M Genova
- Kessler Foundation, Rocco Ortenzio Neuroimaging Center, 1199 Pleasant Valley Way, West Orange, NJ, 07052, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rutgers University, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07101, USA
| | - M H Chen
- Kessler Foundation, Rocco Ortenzio Neuroimaging Center, 1199 Pleasant Valley Way, West Orange, NJ, 07052, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rutgers University, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07101, USA
| | - J DeLuca
- Kessler Foundation, Rocco Ortenzio Neuroimaging Center, 1199 Pleasant Valley Way, West Orange, NJ, 07052, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rutgers University, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07101, USA
- Department of Neurology, Rutgers University, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07101, USA
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Xu S, Zu XM, Feng R, Zhang SH, Qiu Y, Chen BL, Zeng ZR, Chen MH, He Y. [Thalidomide in refractory Crohn's disease: long-term efficacy and safety]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2020; 59:445-450. [PMID: 32486585 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20191206-00800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the long-term efficacy and safety of thalidomide on refractory Crohn's disease (CD). Methods: A total of 79 patients with refractory CD in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University treated with thalidomide were enrolled in this retrospective study from September 2005 to July 2018. Clinical effects and adverse drug reactions were recorded and assessed. Results: In this cohort,69 patients were treated with thalidomide for ≥6 months. Sixty-eight patients among the 69 patients achieved complete clinical remission and were followed up for a median 33.5 months (range, 7-110 months). Seventeen cases relapsed during follow-up. The cumulative probabilities of remaining in remission at 12, 24, 60 months were 88.6% (95%CI 80.6%-96.6%), 80.7% (95%CI 70.3%-91.1%), 53.7% (95%CI 32.1%-75.3%) respectively. Disease activity was the only variable associated with relapse risk, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 3.559 for Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI) ≥220(95%CI 1.213-10.449, P<0.05). Adverse reactions were recorded in 42 (53.2%) patients including12 (15.2%) leading to discontinuation of thalidomide. No serious side effects were observed in all subjects. Conclusions: This study suggests a long-term benefit of maintenance treatment with thalidomide in refractory CD.Moderate to severe patients have an increased risk of relapse. The high incidence of drug adverse reactions may restrain the clinical application of thalidomide.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - X M Zu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - R Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - S H Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Y Qiu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - B L Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Z R Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - M H Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Y He
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Hsieh YC, Lin WC, Chuang WY, Chen MH, Chang SC, Lee TT. Effects of mushroom waster medium and stalk residues on the growth performance and oxidative status in broilers. Anim Biosci 2020; 34:265-275. [PMID: 32138471 PMCID: PMC7876722 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.19.0889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study developed mushroom stalk residues as feed additives in the broiler diet for improving the growth performance and immunity of broilers as well as to increase the value of mushroom stalk residues. METHODS In total, 300 ROSS 308 broilers were randomly allocated into fifteen pens with five dietary treatments: i) control, basal diet; ii) CMWM, supplemented with 1% Cordyceps militaris waster medium (CM); iii) CMPE, supplemented with 0.5% CM+0.5% Pleurotus eryngii stalk residue (PE); iv) CMPS, supplemented with 0.5% CM+0.5% Pleurotus sajorcaju stalk residue (PS); v) CMFV, supplemented with 0.5% CM+0.5% Fammulina velutipes stalk residue (FV). RESULTS The chemical analysis results showed that CM extracts, PE extracts, PS extracts, and FV extracts contain functional components such as polysaccharides and phenols and have both 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate scavenging and Ferrous scavenging capacities. The group CMWM saw increased body weight gain and feed conversion rate and the promotion of jejunum villus growth, but there is no significant difference in the intestinal bacteria phase. Antioxidant genes in the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2)- antioxidant responsive element pathway among the groups are significantly higher than that of the control group, especially in group CMWM. CONCLUSION The mushroom stalk residues have antioxidant functional components, can improve the intestinal health and body weight gain of chickens, and can activate the antioxidant pathway of Nrf2 to increase the heme oxygenase-1 expression. The treatment with 1% CM was the most promising as a feed additive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Hsieh
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - W C Lin
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - W Y Chuang
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - M H Chen
- Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Taichung City, 41362, Taiwan
| | - S C Chang
- Kaohsiung Animal Propagation Station, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan
| | - T T Lee
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.,The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
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Chen XF, Chen MH, Wang LM. [Periodontal bone grafting for the treatment of mandibular anterior teeth with horizontal bone resorption: a case report]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019; 54:487-491. [PMID: 31288330 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1002-0098.2019.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- X F Chen
- Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University & Oral Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200001, China
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Hung ML, Liao HT, Chen WS, Chen MH, Lai CC, Tsai CY, Chang DM. Invasive aspergillosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a retrospective study on clinical characteristics and risk factors for mortality. Lupus 2018; 27:1944-1952. [DOI: 10.1177/0961203318796294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective The objective of this paper is to analyze the clinical features, outcomes, mortality risk factors, and all-cause mortalities of invasive aspergillosis (IA) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods Medical records were reviewed to identify SLE patients with IA from January 2006 to June 2017, at Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan. A total of 6714 SLE patients were included. Clinical/laboratory parameters and treatment outcomes were analyzed. Results Four patients (19.0%) had definite and 17 had probable (81.0%) IA. Seven patients (33.3%) survived and 14 died (66.7%). Concurrently, there were 19 pneumonias (90.5%), 17 cases of other infections (81.0%), eight bacteremia (38.1%), nine cytomegalovirus (CMV, 42.7%) and six Candida (28.6%) infections. In all 55 blood cultures, 38 (69.1%) yielded gram-negative bacilli, of which carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii accounted for eight (21.1%); 17 (30.9%) yielded gram-positive cocci, of which methicillin-resistant S. aureus accounted for six (35.3%); and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus accounted for four (23.5%). Daily steroid dose ≥ 20 mg (hazard ratio (HR) 2.00), recent pulse steroid therapy (HR 2.80), azathioprine (HR 2.00), rituximab (HR 2.00), plasmapheresis (HR 2.00), acute respiratory distress syndrome (HR 2.00), concurrent infections (HR 5.667) and CMV viremia (HR 1.75) were higher in the fatality group. All p values were less than 0.05. Septic shock ( n = 7, 50% in the fatality group) is the most common cause of mortality. Conclusions High daily steroid dosing, recent pulse steroid therapy, azathioprine, rituximab, concurrent infections, and CMV viremia were mortality risk factors for IA in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- ML Hung
- Division of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital & National Yang-Ming University Faculty of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - HT Liao
- Division of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital & National Yang-Ming University Faculty of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - WS Chen
- Division of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital & National Yang-Ming University Faculty of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - MH Chen
- Division of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital & National Yang-Ming University Faculty of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - CC Lai
- Division of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital & National Yang-Ming University Faculty of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - CY Tsai
- Division of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital & National Yang-Ming University Faculty of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - DM Chang
- Division of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital & National Yang-Ming University Faculty of Medicine, Taiwan
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Zheng Y, Wu RX, Dorn S, Chen MH. Diversity of tortricid moths in apple orchards: evidence for a cryptic species of Grapholita (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) from China. Bull Entomol Res 2017; 107:268-280. [PMID: 27809942 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485316000973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Understanding herbivore diversity both at the species and genetic levels is a key to effective pest management. We examined moth samples from multiple locations from a major apple growing region in China. For specimen collection, we used a pheromone trap designed to attract Grapholita molesta (Busck) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Surprisingly, we found a second species captured at high proportions. Its external morphology (e.g., male genitalia and forewing coloration) was the same as for Grapholita funebrana Treitschke (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) specimens from Europe. However, the barcode sequence of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase I (COI) diverged markedly between specimens from China and Europe, and the genetic distance value between the specimens from the two regions as estimated using the Juke-Cantor (JC) model amounted to 0.067. These morphological and molecular findings together point to a cryptic species in G. funebrana from China. Further molecular analyses based on COI and COII genes revealed its extremely high genetic diversity, indicating that the origin of this species includes the sampling region. Moreover, molecular data suggest that this species passed through a recent population expansion. This is the first report on a cryptic species in G. funebrana, as well as the first report on its genetic diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zheng
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China
| | - R X Wu
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China
| | - S Dorn
- ETH Zurich, Applied Entomology,Schmelzbergstrasse 9/LFO, 8092 Zurich,Switzerland
| | - M H Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China
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Zhou W, He KH, Chen MH. Correlation between polymorphisms in the estrogen receptor α gene and coronary heart disease: A meta-analysis. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr7835. [PMID: 27706721 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15037835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic evaluation the correlation between polymorphisms in the estrogen receptor α gene (ESRα) and coronary heart disease susceptibility. Case-control studies until August 2015 analyzing the correlation between the ESRα PvuII T/C polymorphism and coronary heart disease were obtained from various electronic databases (CBM, CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, and MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Embase, Springer, and Ovid. The data obtained from these studies were evaluated and valid data was extracted. A meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.0. Eleven cases, comprising 1742 patients with coronary heart disease and 2012 controls, that conformed to the inclusion criteria set in this study were extracted. The results of our meta-analysis indicated that the C and T alleles, the TC+CC and TT genotypes, and the CC and TT+TC genotypes did not differ significantly. The results of this meta-analysis confirmed that there was no correlation between polymorphisms in ESRα and coronary heart disease susceptibility in the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - K H He
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - M H Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
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Ye DM, Chen MH, Zhang SJ, Liu Y. [Schwannoma of the thyroid gland: report of a case]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2016; 45:419-20. [PMID: 27256056 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5807.2016.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Luo L, Chen MH, Jia MX, Wang Q, Zhou CQ. [Spontaneous ovulation in in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer cycles using gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist: a large-sample retrospective study]. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi 2016; 51:352-6. [PMID: 27256442 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-567x.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the premature spontaneous ovulation rates in in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) cycles using gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist (GnRH-ant) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a), as well as the risk factors for premature spontaneous ovulation. METHODS The rates of premature spontaneous ovulation in a total of 10 612 cycles using GnRH-ant or GnRH-a were compared. Matched case-controlled study and binary logistic regression model were conducted to analyze the risk factors for premature spontaneous ovulation. RESULTS The spontaneous ovulation rate in the whole for GnRH-a cycles was 0.15% (13/8 514), compared with a 1.62% (34/2 098) in GnRH-ant cycles (P<0.01). Further matched controlled study and regression analyze found out that higher basal FSH level was a predominant risk and prediction factor for spontaneous ovulation (OR=1.20, P=0.009). CONCLUSIONS In GnRH-ant cycles, spontaneous ovulation rate is about 10 times than which in GnRH-a cycles. Diminished ovarian function is a predominate risk factor for premature spontaneous ovulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Luo
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Fu JJ, Wang S, Guan RH, Yang W, Yan K, Chen MH. [Effect of thermo-sensitive Matrigel on minimization of thermal injury to the nearby structures in radiofrequency ablation of subcapsular hepatic tumors in a rat model]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2016; 96:43-7. [PMID: 26792607 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2016.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect and safety of using thermo-sensitive Matrigel as artificial ascites on minimizing thermal injury to the nearby structures in a rat model of radiofrequency (RF) ablation of the liver. METHODS In this research, the morphological characterization of Matrigel was observed at different temperatures in vitro. In vivo study was conducted by using 42 SD rats in Matrigel, Saline and control groups of 14 rats each. Artificial ascites with 10 ml of Matrigel or saline was produced under ultrasound guidance before RF in the experimental groups. Using a 0.7 cm exposed 17 G RF electrode for 5 minutes (90 ± 2) ℃, 41 hepatic ablations was performed abutting the diaphragm, abdominal wall and stomach. The 41 rats were sacrificed at 24 h, and necropsy was performed.Gross and histopathologic examinations were performed to compare the frequency and extent of thermal injury to the nearby organs.The animal status was followed up to achieve long term safety evaluation of Matrigel. RESULTS Matrigel was in liquid formation at 0-4 ℃, but was not moving in vials at temperature 37 ℃ in 1 min, presenting gel formation.In vivo experiment, the artificial fluid thickness of Matrigel in site was significant larger than that of saline group, especially at 5 min of ablation ((8.1 ± 1.1) mm vs (2.4 ± 0.8)mm, P<0.01). Thermal injury to the nearby structures was found in 12 of 13 cases in control group, 8 of 14 cases (P=0.037) in saline group, and 1 of 14 cases (P<0.01) in Matrigel group. The sizes of the ablation zone of the liver did not differ among the three groups. There was no difference in the incidence of operation related complications among the three groups. There was no significant difference in body weight and health related parameters between Matrigel and saline group during 60 days of follow up. CONCLUSIONS Using thermo-sensitive Matrigel as artificial ascites may be a safe and useful technique and help to further reduce the frequency and severity of collateral thermal injury to the nearby structures compare to conventional saline, during RF ablation of subcapsular hepatic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Fu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research(Ministry of Education), Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
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Hsin‐Hung Chen M, Dip A, Ahmed M, Tan ML, Walterscheid JP, Sun H, Teng B, Mozayani A. Detection and Characterization of the Effect of AB-FUBINACA and Its Metabolites in a Rat Model. J Cell Biochem 2015; 117:1033-43. [PMID: 26517302 PMCID: PMC5063098 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic cannabinoids were originally developed by academic and pharmaceutical laboratories with the hope of providing therapeutic relief from the pain of inflammatory and degenerative diseases. However, recreational drug enthusiasts have flushed the market with new strains of these potent drugs that evade detection yet endanger public health and safety. Although many of these drug derivatives were published in the medical literature, others were merely patented without further characterization. AB‐FUBINACA is an example of one of the new indazole‐carboxamide synthetic cannabinoids introduced in the past year. Even though AB‐FUBINACA has become increasingly prominent in forensic drug and toxicology specimens analyses, little is known about the pharmacology of this substance. To study its metabolic fate, we utilized Wistar rats to study the oxidative products of AB‐FUBINACA in urine and its effect on gene expressions in liver and heart. Rats were injected with 5 mg/kg of AB‐FUBINACA each day for 5 days. Urine samples were collected every day at the same time. On day 5 after treatment, we collected the organs such as liver and heart. The urine samples were analyzed by mass spectrometry, which revealed several putative metabolites and positioning of the hydroxyl addition on the molecule. We used quantitative PCR gene expression array to analyze the hepatotoxicity and cardiotoxicity on these rats and confirmed by real‐time quantitative RT‐PCR. We identified three genes significantly associated with dysfunction of oxidation and inflammation. Our study reports in vivo metabolites of AB‐FUBINACA in urine and its effect on the gene expressions in liver and heart. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 1033–1043, 2016. © 2015 The Authors. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry Published by Wiley Periodicals. Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aybike Dip
- Department of Administration of JusticeTexas Southern UniversityHoustonTexas77030
| | - Mostafa Ahmed
- Department of Administration of JusticeTexas Southern UniversityHoustonTexas77030
- Research Center for Human GeneticsThe Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular MedicineUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTexas77030
| | - Michael L. Tan
- Research Center for Human GeneticsThe Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular MedicineUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTexas77030
| | | | - Hua Sun
- Research Center for Human GeneticsThe Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular MedicineUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTexas77030
| | - Ba‐Bie Teng
- Research Center for Human GeneticsThe Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular MedicineUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTexas77030
- University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at HoustonHoustonTexas77030
| | - Ashraf Mozayani
- Department of Administration of JusticeTexas Southern UniversityHoustonTexas77030
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Chen SL, Gwee KA, Lee JS, Miwa H, Suzuki H, Guo P, Hao YT, Chen MH. Letter: prompt endoscopy in Asians with uninvestigated dyspepsia - authors' reply. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2015; 41:793. [PMID: 25781047 DOI: 10.1111/apt.13131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S L Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Chen SL, Gwee KA, Lee JS, Miwa H, Suzuki H, Guo P, Hao YT, Chen MH. Systematic review with meta-analysis: prompt endoscopy as the initial management strategy for uninvestigated dyspepsia in Asia. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2015; 41:239-52. [PMID: 25429769 DOI: 10.1111/apt.13028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prompt endoscopy should be considered as an initial strategy for uninvestigated dyspepsia in the background of high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection and malignancy. However, with changes of disease patterns and dyspepsia definition, the prevalence of organic lesions at endoscopy in dyspepsia patients and the predictive values of alarm features and age for in malignancy remain unclear in Asian population. AIMS To evaluate the appropriateness of prompt endoscopy as an initial dyspepsia management strategy, we investigated the organic lesion detection rates in Asian dyspepsia patients as well as the diagnostic accuracies of alarm features and age thresholds for malignancy. METHODS Literature was retrieved from MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and CINAHL Plus. The prevalence rates of organic lesions and young cancer patients among dyspeptic patients and the sensitivities, specificities, likelihood ratios and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of alarm features and ages were estimated. The summary receiver operating characteristic curve was constructed and the area under the curve (AUC) calculated. Subgroup, sensitivity and meta-regression analyses were performed. RESULTS Of the 18 included studies, 15 reported organic lesion detection rates, and six and five analysed the predictive values of alarm features and ages respectively. The overall malignancy detection rate was 1.3% (95% CI: 0.80-2.10). Among cancer patients, 17.8% (95% CI: 10.90-29.00) were younger than 45 years and 3.0% (95% CI: 2.50-3.50) were younger than 35 years. The diagnostic accuracy of alarm features for predicting malignancy was moderate (DOR: 4.87, 95% CI: 2.72-8.71; AUC = 0.74). The diagnostic accuracy at age >35 years (DOR: 9.41, 95% CI: 7.89-11.21; AUC = 0.82) was better than that at age >45 years (DOR: 3.50, 95% CI: 2.32-5.27; AUC = 0.70). CONCLUSIONS The malignancy detection rate and proportion of young cancer patients were high among Asian dyspepsia patients. Alarm features and age were of limited value for predicting malignancy, and prompt endoscopy should be considered as the initial strategy for dyspepsia in Asian populations. The optimal age threshold for endoscopy screening in Asia might be 35 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Beiersdorfer P, Träbert E, Brown GV, Clementson J, Thorn DB, Chen MH, Cheng KT, Sapirstein J. Hyperfine splitting of the 2s1/2 and 2p1/2 levels in Li- and be-like ions of (59)(141) Pr. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 112:233003. [PMID: 24972204 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.233003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
High-resolution spectroscopy of the 2s(1/2)-2p(1/2) transition in the extreme ultraviolet region is shown to resolve the level splitting induced by the nuclear magnetic field of both the 2s(1/2) and the 2p(1/2) levels in lithiumlike (141)Pr(56+) and of the 2s(1/2)2p(1/2) (3)P(1) level in berylliumlike (141)Pr(55+). The (141)Pr ions are an ideal test of this measurement approach because their energy levels are known well from first principles and are unaffected by small energy contributions from QED and nuclear magnetization effects. The accuracy attained in the measured 196.5 ± 1.2 meV 2s(1/2) splitting is more than an order of magnitude better than that achieved before using crystal spectroscopy of the 2s(1/2)-2p(3/2) x-ray transition and at the level needed to implement a proposed scheme for disentangling the contributions from QED and nuclear magnetization effects in higher-Z ions, such as (209)Bi.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Beiersdorfer
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550-9234, USA
| | - E Träbert
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550-9234, USA
| | - G V Brown
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550-9234, USA
| | - J Clementson
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550-9234, USA
| | - D B Thorn
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550-9234, USA
| | - M H Chen
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550-9234, USA
| | - K T Cheng
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550-9234, USA
| | - J Sapirstein
- University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
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Chen MH, Kuo ST, Renault T, Chang PH. The development of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for rapid and sensitive detection of abalone herpesvirus DNA. J Virol Methods 2013; 196:199-203. [PMID: 24291740 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2013.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Revised: 11/16/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay was developed for the detection of abalone herpesvirus DNA. Two pairs of primers were designed, based on the sequence of the DNA polymerase gene of abalone herpesvirus. The reaction temperature and time were optimized to 63°C and 60min, respectively. LAMP amplicons were analyzed by 2% agarose gel electrophoresis or by visual inspection of a colour change emitted by fluorescent dye. The method developed was specific for the detection of abalone herpesvirus, without cross-reactions with other tested herpesviruses including ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1), European eel herpesvirus, koi herpesvirus (KHV) and an avian herpesvirus. The LAMP assay was 100 folds more sensitive than a conventional PCR and 10 folds less sensitive than a SYBR Green PCR. These results indicate that the developed LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, sensitive, specific and reliable technique for the detection of abalone herpesvirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Chen
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Tzu Chi College of Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - S T Kuo
- National Institute for Animal Health, Tansui, Taiwan
| | - T Renault
- Ifremer, Unité Santé Génétique et Microbiologie des Mollusques, Laboratoire de Génétique et Pathologie des Mollusques Marins, 17390 La Tremblade, France
| | - P H Chang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Chen MH, Dorn S. Cross-amplification of microsatellites from the codling moth Cydia pomonella to three other species of the tribe Grapholitini (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Mol Ecol Resour 2013; 10:1034-7. [PMID: 21565113 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2010.02837.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study examined cross-species amplification of 33 microsatellite markers, previously developed for Cydia pomonella, in three related fruit moth species of the same tribe (Grapholitini), namely Grapholita molesta, Grapholita funebrana and Grapholita lobarzewskii. Eight microsatellite loci yielded polymorphic products for G. molesta, nine for G. funebrana and 11 for G. lobarzewskii. At all these loci, the number of alleles ranged between four and 11 in G. molesta, and between four and nine in G. funebrana and G. lobarzewskii each. The successful cross-amplified loci can be used for research on population genetics and gene flow of the three target species.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Chen
- Institute of Plant Sciences/Applied Entomology, ETH Zurich, Schmelzbergstr. 9/LFO, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
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Affiliation(s)
- X B Xing
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Chen MH, Kuo ST, Renault T, Friedman CS, Chang PH. Development of a polymerase chain reaction for the detection of abalone herpesvirus infection based on the DNA polymerase gene. J Virol Methods 2012; 185:1-6. [PMID: 22579937 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2012.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2011] [Revised: 03/14/2012] [Accepted: 03/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A 5781-base pair (bp) fragment of genomic DNA from the Taiwanese abalone herpesvirus was obtained and showed 99% (5767/5779) homology in the nucleotide sequence and 99% (1923/1926) in the amino acid sequence with the DNA polymerase gene of the abalone herpesvirus strain Victoria/AUS/2007. Homology of the amino acid sequence with the DNA polymerase of ostreid herpesvirus 1 was 30% (563/1856). In this study, a PCR-based procedure for detecting herpesvirus infection of abalone, Haliotis diversicolor supertexta, in Taiwan was developed. The method employed primer sets targeting the viral DNA polymerase gene, and was able to amplify DNA fragments of the expected size from infected samples. Primer sets of 40f and 146r were designed for amplification of an expected PCR product of 606 bp. Combining the new PCR protocol with histopathology, this assay can serve as a reliable diagnostic for herpesvirus infections in abalone.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Chen
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Wang AJ, Liang MJ, Jiang AY, Lin JK, Xiao YL, Peng S, Chen J, Wen WP, Chen MH. Predictors of acid suppression success in patients with chronic laryngitis. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2012; 24:432-7, e210. [PMID: 22276941 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2982.2011.01873.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Up to 50% of the patients suspected of reflux laryngitis syndrome failed to respond to acid suppression therapy. However, predictors of acid suppression success have not been determined. METHODS Consecutive patients with chronic laryngitis were enrolled prospectively. All the patients underwent laryngoscopy, esophagogastroduodenoscopy and 24-h multichannel intraluminal impedance and pH (MII-pH) monitoring before receiving rabeprazole 10 mg b.i.d. for 3 months. Patient was considered as a responder to acid suppression if the chief laryngeal complaint score during the last week since last interview had decreased by at least 50% after the start of therapy compared with baseline. Cox regression analysis was used to determine the independent predictors of acid suppression success. KEY RESULTS Of 92 patients (age 42.4 ± 14.3 years, 50 women), 42 (45.7%) responded to acid suppression after 3 months. Gastroesophageal reflux disease was defined in 22 patients, of whom 19 patients had pathological distal esophageal acid exposure and 5 were defined as erosive esophagitis. The time to response showed a significant hazard ratio for patients with increased distal esophageal acid exposure time (β: 0.93; HR: 2.55; 95% CI: 1.24-5.24; P = 0.011) and increased laryngopharyngeal bolus exposure time (BET; β: 0.96; HR: 2.61; 95% CI: 1.36-5.00; P = 0.004). The latter had the best Youden Index (0.34) and accuracy (68.5%). CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES The success of acid suppression on chronic laryngitis could be predicted using reflux parameters detected by MII-pH, among which increased laryngopharyngeal BET is the best.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Tsai WP, Chen MH, Lee MH, Yu KH, Wu MW, Liou LB. Cytomegalovirus infection causes morbidity and mortality in patients with autoimmune diseases, particularly systemic lupus: in a Chinese population in Taiwan. Rheumatol Int 2011; 32:2901-8. [PMID: 21898057 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-011-2131-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2011] [Accepted: 08/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the clinical outcome of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in febrile hospitalized patients with autoimmune diseases, mostly systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Fifty-four febrile patients were analyzed retrospectively. Half were diagnosed as CMV infection, by positive CMV pp65 antigenemia assay. Clinical and laboratory data between two groups were compared. Correlation between laboratory data and SELENA-SLEDAI scores/mortality were analyzed in the CMV infection group. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed to determine the cutoff points of different parameters for predicting mortality or morbidity. The CMV infection group received a higher corticosteroid dosage (mean 26.3 mg/day) and a higher percentage of azathioprine use before admission than the non-CMV infection group. In the former, the deceased subgroup had a significantly higher number of infected leukocytes for CMV (shortened as CMV counts, P = 0.013), more cases of bacterial infection (P = 0.090), and a higher SLE disease activity index score (P = 0.072) than the alive subgroup. The CMV infection group had lower lymphocyte count and more positive bacterial infection than the non-CMV infection group did (P = 0.013 and P = 0.027, respectively). A level of 25 CMV particles/5 × 10(5) polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) was the best cutoff point for predicting CMV-associated mortality, with a sensitivity of 75.0% and specificity of 72.2%. Moderate dose (30 mg/day) of prednisolone or azathioprine use predisposes patients with autoimmune diseases to CMV infection with concurrent bacterial infection. In particular, peak CMV counts at 25/5 × 10(5) PMN or low lymphocyte counts predict mortality or morbidity, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- W P Tsai
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Lin-kou, Tao-yuan, Taiwan
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Chen MH, Teng PY, Chen CY, Hsu CC. Organic and total mercury levels in bigeye tuna, Thunnus obesus, harvested by Taiwanese fishing vessels in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. Food Addit Contam Part B Surveill 2011; 4:15-21. [PMID: 24779657 DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2010.535908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Muscle samples of 121 and 110 bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) caught by Taiwanese long-line fishing vessels in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans, respectively, were used to analyze total mercury (THg) and organic mercury (OHg) content. The overall THg and OHg concentrations were 0.786 ± 0.386 (0.214-3.133) and 0.595 ± 0.238 (0.143-2.222) mg kg⁻¹ wet weight, respectively, similar to the results of previous studies. Our findings, however, reflected the highest THg and OHg concentrations for the species in each ocean among the published data. Mean THg and OHg concentrations in Atlantic tuna were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than those in Indian tuna. Two of 121 samples of tuna from the Atlantic Ocean, but no samples from the Indian Ocean, had levels of OHg above 2 mg kg⁻¹ wet weight set by the Department of Health Taiwan, and 13 of 121 samples of tuna from the Atlantic Ocean and three of 110 samples from the Indian Ocean had levels of OHg above 1 mg kg⁻¹ wet weight set by US FDA and WHO. Accordingly, for adult Taiwanese men and women with average body weight of 65 and 55 kg, respectively, the maximum allowable weekly intake of bigeye tuna is suggested to be 170 and 145 g, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Chen
- a Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources , National Sun Yat-sen University , 70 Lianhai Rd., Gushan , Kaohsiung 80424 , Taiwan
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Chen MH, Dorn S. Microsatellites reveal genetic differentiation among populations in an insect species with high genetic variability in dispersal, the codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Bull Entomol Res 2010; 100:75-85. [PMID: 19366473 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485309006786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about genetic differentiation and gene flow in populations of insect species that have a high genetic variability in dispersal but lack morphologically visible morphs that disperse. These characteristics apply to the codling moth, Cydia pomonella L. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), a major pest of fruits and nuts. Larvae were collected from three orchards each of pome fruits, stone fruits and nut trees in a major fruit growing area of Switzerland (Valais) and from six further (mainly apple) orchards throughout this country. Nine microsatellite loci were used to investigate genetic differentiation and the amount of gene flow among the sampled populations. All the loci were shown to be polymorphic in all populations. The number of alleles ranged from five to 15 over nine loci for the 15 populations. Significant genetic differentiation was noted among the populations from apple, apricot and walnut in the Valais region. Furthermore, among the eight populations sampled from apple in different geographic regions throughout Switzerland, AMOVA and pairwise FST analysis revealed significant population genetic differentiation even between populations collected from orchards 10 km apart. These results indicate that a distinct prevailing characteristic, in the present case the sedentary behaviour of the moth, can shape population architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Chen
- ETH Zurich, Institute of Plant Sciences/Applied Entomology, Schmelzbergstrasse 9/LFO, CH-8092, Zurich, Switzerland
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Chen MH, Dorn S. Reliable and efficient discrimination of four internal fruit-feeding Cydia and Grapholita species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. J Econ Entomol 2009; 102:2209-2216. [PMID: 20069850 DOI: 10.1603/029.102.0625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The fruit pests Cydia pomonella (L.), Grapholita molesta (Busck), Grapholita funebrana Treitschke, and Grapholita lobarzewskii Nowicki (all Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) are sympatric in Europe, and some of them are expanding their distribution range worldwide by continuous invasion into new areas. Identification of the small larvae by morphological characters and damage symptoms is difficult, and many misidentifications among these tortricids of the tribe Grapholitini are reported. In the current study, the species were separated using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analyses. Samples were obtained from different countries and continents, and the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) fragments of one individual per species and geographical site were sequenced. Based on the alignments of the amplified COI sequences, the PCR-RFLP method was established with 42 individuals and successfully validated using a total of 122 individuals of the four species. Results document that this method allows for discrimination of larvae, pupae, and adult specimens of all four species and can be used for a rapid and reliable identification of C. pomonella, G. molesta, G. funebrana, and G. lobarzewskii. Moreover, it can easily be expanded to other internal tortricid fruit feeder species that occur on different continents.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Chen
- ETH Zurich, Institute of Plant Sciences/Applied Entomology, Zurich, Switzerland
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIM The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, characteristics, and risk factors of erosive esophagitis and Barrett's esophagus in an adult Chinese population without gastroesophageal reflux symptoms. PATIENTS AND METHODS Between March 2006 and February 2007, consecutive individuals aged between 18 and 75 years, who underwent routine upper endoscopy as part of their regular medical examination were recruited. Demographic and medical information were collected. Erosive esophagitis was defined endoscopically as visible breaks of the distal esophageal mucosa. Barrett's esophagus was diagnosed endoscopically and confirmed histologically. "Silent GERD" was defined when erosive esophagitis and/or Barrett's esophagus were present in an individual without reflux symptoms. RESULTS Among the 2580 individuals included, erosive esophagitis and Barrett's esophagus were found in 4.3 % (n = 110) and 1.0 % (n = 27), respectively. In individuals with erosive esophagitis and Barrett's esophagus, 33.6 % and 40.7 %, respectively, were asymptomatic. Thus, the prevalence of erosive esophagitis and Barrett's esophagus in individuals without GERS was 1.6 % and 0.5 %, respectively, giving an overall prevalence of silent GERD of 2.0 % (46 / 2270). Multivariate analysis identified that male sex (odds ratio [OR] = 2.87, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.24 - 6.66; P = 0.014), hiatus hernia (OR = 9.68, 95 %CI 5.00 - 17.95; P < 0.001), and alcohol consumption (OR = 3.17, 95 %CI 1.44 - 6.97; P = 0.004) were positively associated with erosive esophagitis, whereas Helicobacter Pylori infection (OR = 0.37, 95 %CI 0.14 - 0.98; P = 0.046) was negatively associated with erosive esophagitis. Alcohol consumption (OR = 5.32, 95 %CI 1.55 - 13.33; P = 0.008) was positively associated with Barrett's esophagus in asymptomatic individuals. CONCLUSION In this cohort of the adult Chinese population without reflux symptoms, the prevalence of erosive esophagitis and Barrett's esophagus is 1.6 % and 0.5 %, respectively, with an overall prevalence of silent GERD of 2.0 %. Male sex, hiatus hernia, and alcohol consumption are positively associated with erosive esophagitis, whereas a negative association exists for H. pylori infection. Alcohol consumption is positively associated with Barrett's esophagus.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Peng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun-Yat Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Abstract
Broadband, compact in-fiber polarizers were fabricated using a pulsed CO(2) laser to modify the air holes along one side of the hollow-core photonic bandgap fibers. The polarizers have lengths from 3 to 6 mm and exhibit a polarization extinction ratio of better than 20 dB over a wavelength range larger than 100 nm at approximately 1,550 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- H F Xuan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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Manuel O, Humar A, Chen MH, Chernenko S, Singer LG, Cobos I, Kumar D. Immunogenicity and safety of an intradermal boosting strategy for vaccination against influenza in lung transplant recipients. Am J Transplant 2007; 7:2567-72. [PMID: 17908277 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2007.01982.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The immunogenicity of influenza vaccine is suboptimal in lung transplant recipients. Use of a booster dose and vaccine delivery by the intradermal rather than intramuscular route may improve response. We prospectively evaluated the immunogenicity and safety of a 2-dose boosting strategy of influenza vaccine. Sixty lung transplant recipients received a standard intramuscular injection of the 2006-2007 inactivated influenza vaccine, followed 4 weeks later by an intradermal booster of the same vaccine. Immunogenicity was assessed by measurement of geometric mean titer of antibodies after both the intramuscular injection and the intradermal booster. Vaccine response was defined as 4-fold or higher increase of antibody titers to at least one vaccine antigen. Thirty-eight out of 60 patients (63%) had a response after intramuscular vaccination. Geometric mean titers increased for all three vaccine antigens following the first dose (p < 0.001). However, no significant increases in titer were observed after the booster dose for all three antigens. Among nonresponders, 3/22 (13.6%) additional patients responded after the intradermal booster (p = 0.14). The use of basiliximab was associated with a positive response (p = 0.024). After a single standard dose of influenza vaccine, a booster dose given by intradermal injection did not significantly improve vaccine immunogenicity in lung transplant recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Manuel
- Transplant Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Chen MH, Yang W, Yan K, Dai Y, Wu W, Fan ZH, Callstrom MR, Charboneau JW. The role of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in planning treatment protocols for hepatocellular carcinoma before radiofrequency ablation. Clin Radiol 2007; 62:752-60. [PMID: 17604763 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2006.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2006] [Revised: 12/07/2006] [Accepted: 12/19/2006] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the clinical value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in identifying the tumour number, ablation range and feeding vessels before ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA), and to compare the efficacy of RFA after CEUS with the efficacy of RFA after non-enhanced ultrasonography (US) without contrast medium administration. MATERIALS AND METHODS From 2002 to 2005, 81 patients with 110 HCCs underwent CEUS with SonoVue before RFA treatment (group A). Eighty six patients with 112 HCCs who underwent US without contrast enhancement before RFA served as the control group (group B). The average diameters of the lesions in group A and group B were 3.6+/-1.1cm and 3.5+/-1.1cm, respectively. There were no significant differences in clinical data between the two groups. Regular follow-up after treatment was performed using contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT). After treatment, complete necrosis was defined as the absence of viable tissue in treated tumours at the 1-year follow-up CECT. RESULTS Using CEUS an additional seven small lesions (< or =2.0 cm) were found compared with those found using CECT and conventional US. CEUS showed that 56.4% of lesions (62/110 tumours) were larger in size and 49.1% (54/110 tumours) became more irregular in shape during the arterial phase than on conventional US. Feeding vessels were detected using CEUS in 52 (91.2%) of 57 lesions that were larger than 3.5 cm. The follow-up period was at least 1 year for each case. The complete tumour necrosis rate in group A was significantly higher than that in group B (92.2% versus 83.0%; p=0.036). CONCLUSION CEUS can be used to more accurately define the size and contour of lesions, and to detect additional small or satellite lesions and the feeding vessel of HCC tumours. CEUS provided important information for designing the ablation protocol, and might improve the efficacy of RFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Chen
- Ultrasound Department, School of Oncology, Peking University, Hai Dian District, Beijing 100036, China.
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Bauch CT, Rao ASRS, Pham BZ, Krahn M, Gilca V, Duval B, Chen MH, Tricco AC. A dynamic model for assessing universal Hepatitis A vaccination in Canada. Vaccine 2007; 25:1719-26. [PMID: 17229493 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2006] [Accepted: 11/13/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Vaccination against Hepatitis A virus (HAV) in Canada is currently targeted toward high-risk groups. However, universal vaccination has been adopted in several other countries with a similar disease burden. Here we develop an age-structured compartmental model of HAV transmission and vaccination in Canada to assess potential universal vaccination strategies. The model predicts that universal vaccination at age 1 (respectively 4, 9, 15), with phasing out of targeted vaccination, would reduce reported incidence by 60% (respectively 52, 36, 31%) and mortality attributable to HAV by 56% (respectively 45, 26, 25%), relative to continued targeted vaccination, over 80 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Bauch
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Guelph, Canada.
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Rao ASRS, Bauch CT, Pham B, Krahn M, Gilca V, Duval B, Chen MH, Tricco A. Implications of Universal Hepatitis a Vaccination in Canada: Predictions of a Dynamic Model. Am J Epidemiol 2006. [DOI: 10.1093/aje/163.suppl_11.s203-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Sheen VL, Jansen A, Chen MH, Parrini E, Morgan T, Ravenscroft R, Ganesh V, Underwood T, Wiley J, Leventer R, Vaid RR, Ruiz DE, Hutchins GM, Menasha J, Willner J, Geng Y, Gripp KW, Nicholson L, Berry-Kravis E, Bodell A, Apse K, Hill RS, Dubeau F, Andermann F, Barkovich J, Andermann E, Shugart YY, Thomas P, Viri M, Veggiotti P, Robertson S, Guerrini R, Walsh CA. Filamin A mutations cause periventricular heterotopia with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. Neurology 2005; 64:254-62. [PMID: 15668422 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000149512.79621.df] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To define the clinical, radiologic, and genetic features of periventricular heterotopia (PH) with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS). METHODS Exonic sequencing and single stranded conformational polymorphism (SSCP) analysis was performed on affected individuals. Linkage analysis using microsatellite markers on the X-chromosome was performed on a single pedigree. Western blotting evaluated for loss of filamin A (FLNA) protein and Southern blotting assessed for any potential chromosome rearrangement in this region. RESULTS The authors report two familial cases and nine additional sporadic cases of the EDS-variant form of PH, which is characterized by nodular brain heterotopia, joint hypermobility, and development of aortic dilatation in early adulthood. MRI typically demonstrated bilateral nodular PH, indistinguishable from PH due to FLNA mutations. Exonic sequencing or SSCP analyses of FLNA revealed a 2762 delG single base pair deletion in one affected female. Another affected female harbored a C116 single point mutation, resulting in an A39G change. A third affected female had a 4147 delG single base pair deletion. One pedigree with no detectable exonic mutation demonstrated positive linkage to the FLNA locus Xq28, an affected individual in this family also had no detectable FLNA protein, but no chromosomal rearrangement was detected. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the Ehlers-Danlos variant of periventricular heterotopia (PH), in part, represents an overlapping syndrome with X-linked dominant PH due to filamin A mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- V L Sheen
- Division of Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
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Wong WM, Xiao SD, Hu PJ, Wang WH, Gu Q, Huang JQ, Xia HHX, Wu SM, Li CJ, Chen MH, Cui Y, Lai KC, Hu WHC, Chan CK, Lam SK, Wong BCY. Standard treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection is suboptimal in non-ulcer dyspepsia compared with duodenal ulcer in Chinese. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2005; 21:73-81. [PMID: 15644048 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.02283.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies suggest that the Helicobacter pylori eradication rate in patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia is lower when compared to patients with peptic ulcer diseases. AIM The aim of this study was to study the efficacy of triple therapy for H. pylori infection in patients with duodenal ulcer vs. patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia. METHODS A total of 582 Chinese patients with proven H. pylori infection were recruited to receive: omeprazole 20 mg, amoxicillin 1000 mg and clarithromycin 500 mg all given twice daily for 7 days (OCA regime). Endoscopy with rapid urease test, histology and culture were performed before treatment. Post-treatment H. pylori status was determined by (13)C-urea breath test. Metronidazole, clarithromycin and amoxicillin resistance was defined as minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of >8 microg/mL, >1 microg/mL and >1 microg/mL, respectively. RESULTS A significantly higher (intention-to-treat/per-protocol) eradication rate was found in patients with duodenal ulcer than those with non-ulcer dyspepsia (91/94% vs. 84/88% respectively, P = 0.011 and P = 0.016). Clarithromycin resistance rate was higher in patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia than those with duodenal ulcer (14% vs. 6%, P = 0.015). Clarithromycin resistance (40% vs. 5%, P < 0.001, OR 12, 95% CI: 5.7-24.3) and the diagnosis of non-ulcer dyspepsia (91% vs. 84%, P = 0.011, OR 2.0, 95% CI: 1.2-3.3) significantly affected the success of H. pylori eradication. CONCLUSION Clarithromycin resistance accounts for the significantly lower and suboptimal H. pylori eradication rate of OCA regimen in Chinese patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia compared to those with duodenal ulcer.
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Affiliation(s)
- W M Wong
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
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Xiong LS, Chen MH, Chen HX, Xu AG, Wang WA, Hu PJ. A population-based epidemiologic study of irritable bowel syndrome in South China: stratified randomized study by cluster sampling. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2004; 19:1217-24. [PMID: 15153175 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.01939.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The detailed population-based data on irritable bowel syndrome in South China are lacking. AIMS To assess the prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome in South China and its impact on health-related quality of life. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A face-to-face interview was carried out in South China to assess the prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome. Random clustered sampling of permanent inhabitants aged 18-80 years was carried out under stratification of urban and suburban areas. The impact of irritable bowel syndrome on health-related quality of life was evaluated using the Chinese version of SF-36. RESULTS A total of 4178 subjects (1907 male and 2271 female) were interviewed. The adjusted prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome in South China is 11.50% according to the Manning criteria and 5.67% according to the Rome II criteria. Factors including history of analgesic use such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (odds ratio 3.83), history of food allergies (odds ratio 2.68), psychological distress (odds ratio 2.18), life events (odds ratio 1.89), history of dysentery (odds ratio 1.63) and negative coping style (odds ratio 1.28) were significantly associated with the presence of irritable bowel syndrome (P < 0.05). Irritable bowel syndrome was significantly associated with a decrement in health-related quality of life score. CONCLUSION Irritable bowel syndrome is a common disorder in South China and has a negative impact on health-related quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- L S Xiong
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, SunYat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Beard CJ, Chen MH, Cote K, Loffredo M, Renshaw AA, Hurwitz M, D'Amico AV. Perineural invasion is associated with increased relapse after external beam radiotherapy for men with low-risk prostate cancer and may be a marker for occult, high-grade cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2004; 58:19-24. [PMID: 14697416 DOI: 10.1016/s0360-3016(03)01433-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the risk of postradiotherapy prostate-specific antigen (PSA) failure on the basis of pretreatment risk factors in prostate cancer patients with and without perineural invasion (PNI) in prostate biopsy specimens and to explain the observation that otherwise low-risk patients with PNI experience decreased freedom from PSA failure after external beam radiotherapy (RT). METHODS AND MATERIALS The study cohort consisted of 381 patients who underwent RT between 1989 and 2000 for clinically localized prostate cancer. A single genitourinary pathologist scored the absence or presence of PNI on all prostate biopsy specimens. Patients were divided into low-, intermediate- and high-risk subgroups on the basis of their 1992 American Joint Committee on Cancer T-stage, pretreatment PSA level, and Gleason score. Cox regression uni- and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate whether the presence or absence of PNI in the biopsy specimen was a predictor of the time to post-RT PSA failure for patients in each pretreatment risk group. PSA failure was defined using the American Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology consensus definition. Actuarial PSA failure-free survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and comparisons were performed using the log-rank test. RESULTS Cox regression univariate analysis revealed that PNI was a significant predictor of the time to PSA failure in the low-risk (p = 0.04) and high-risk (p = 0.03) cohorts. The 5-year PSA failure-free survival rate was 50% vs. 80% (p = 0.04) in low-risk patients, 70% vs. 75% (p = 0.72) in intermediate-risk patients, and 29% vs. 53% (p = 0.03) in high-risk patients with and without PNI, respectively. Cox regression multivariate analysis within the high-risk group revealed that a PSA level > or =20 ng/mL (p = 0.01) and Gleason score > or =8 (p = 0.02), but not PNI, were the only significant predictors of the time to PSA failure after RT. However, an association was found between the presence of PNI in the needle biopsy specimen and a biopsy Gleason score of 8-10 (p = 0.06). The association was stronger between the presence of PNI in the needle biopsy specimen and a biopsy Gleason score of 7-10 (p = 0. 033). CONCLUSION A decrement in PSA outcome after RT for low-risk patients with PNI-positive biopsy specimens was found. The association between PNI and high Gleason score provides a possible explanation for the loss of statistical significance of PNI in the Cox regression multivariate analysis of the high-risk cohort. The data suggest that PNI found in the biopsy specimen of an otherwise low-risk patient predicts for occult high-grade disease that is missed owing to the sampling error associated with prostate biopsy. The association between PNI and a high Gleason score argues for the use of more aggressive therapy, such as hormonal therapy with RT and/or dose escalation, in these select patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Beard
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Chen MH, Yang WK, Whang-Peng J, Lee LS, Huang TS. Differential inducibilities of GFAP expression, cytostasis and apoptosis in primary cultures of human astrocytic tumours. Apoptosis 2003; 3:171-82. [PMID: 14646498 DOI: 10.1023/a:1009698822305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is an astrocytic lineage-specific intermediate filament protein, and its expression or non-expression is inversely correlated with the tumourigenecity of astrocytoma cells. To estimate the GFAP levels of astrocytes in intracranial tumour tissues, we established primary cultures from six astrocytic tumour specimens and used a double-staining flow cytometric method to detect the different levels of GFAP among these primary cultures. Although these primary cultures exhibited the same Matrigel invasiveness, their GFAP expression is inversely related to the rate of cell growth and the histologic grade of the original tumour. Phenylacetate, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and sodium butyrate, which are potent inducers of differentiation in various cancer cells, have been examined for their effects on these primary cultures. Cytostasis was more or less caused by these compounds in all six primary cultures, but induction of GFAP was observed only in the primary culture derived from a less malignant astrocytoma specimen having the highest intrinsic GFAP level. Interestingly, this primary culture, but not others, also exhibited increased HRG-alpha expression after phenylacetate or sodium butyrate treatment. Loss of the inducibility of differentiation-related gene expression could be one of the events involved in the malignant progression of astrocytomas. In addition, the chemotherapeutic agent BiCNU has a killing effect on all six primary culture cells, with LD50 less than 60 nM. The underlying mechanism was through the induction of apoptosis in these primary culture cells regardless of their varying malignancies of original tumours. However, unlike colon cancer and leukaemia cells, sodium butyrate could not induce apoptosis within 4 days in these astrocytic tumour cells, indicating that the cell context of different cell types indeed determined the ability of sodium butyrate to induce apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei and Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Lin SK, Hsu SG, Ho ESC, Tsai CR, Hseih YT, Lo FC, Lai HY, Chen MH. Glutaric aciduria (type I): prenatal ultrasonographic findings. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2002; 20:305-307. [PMID: 12230461 DOI: 10.1046/j.1469-0705.2002.00779_3.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Lin SK, Hsu SG, Ho ESC, Tsai CR, Hseih YT, Lo FC, Lai HY, Chen MH. Novel mutation and prenatal sonographic findings of glutaric aciduria (type I) in two Taiwanese families. Prenat Diagn 2002; 22:725-9. [PMID: 12210585 DOI: 10.1002/pd.392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Glutaric aciduria type I (GA I) is an autosomal recessively inherited inborn error with a defect of the enzyme glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase (GCDH), which has never been diagnosed prenatally in Taiwanese patients. We present the prenatal sonographic findings and mutational analysis data of three children in two Taiwanese families. One patient from each family was diagnosed postnatally due to macrocephaly and neurological deterioration at 4 months and 10 months, respectively. The third child, sister of the first patient, was diagnosed prenatally at 11 weeks' gestation through chorionic villus sampling (CVS). Molecular analysis revealed that the fetus and child in Family 1 were homozygous for a common mutation, IVS10 -2A>C, which has not been reported in the Caucasian population. The patient in Family 2 was a compound heterozygote for IVS10 -2A>C and a novel mutation 749T>C (L238P). After genetic counseling, the couple decided to continue the second pregnancy. However, dilatation of quadrigeminal cistern (QC) and suspicious macrocephaly were noted at 30 weeks. Progressive dilatation of the QC associated with macrocephaly, fronto-temporal atrophy and wide space of perisylvian fissure were found in the follow-up scans. The affected girl was delivered at 37 weeks' gestation by cesarean section. Postnatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies confirmed the prenatal sonographic findings. With prenatal sonographic findings and mutational analysis presented in the present cases, the feasibility of prenatal diagnosis of GA I in high-risk pregnancy can not be overlooked.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Abstract
The collagen fibrillar architectures in the general matrix of cartilage slices removed from both normal and osteoarthritic femoral heads were examined by both differential interference light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Whereas the normal general matrix contained a finely differentiated pseudo-random weave of fibrils developed from an interconnected array of radial elements, the osteoarthritic general matrix was characterised by the presence of structurally distinct regions consisting of strongly aligned radial bundles of fibrils and associated intense tangles or 'knotted' features. Simple structural models were developed to explore possible transformation structures based on two different types of interconnectivity in the three-dimensional fibrillar network. These models support the hypothesis that the distinctive ultrastructural features of the osteoarthritic general matrix can develop as a consequence of largely passive degradative changes occurring in the fibrillar weave originally present in the normal matrix. This could, in principle, occur independently of any new structure that might develop as a consequence of any upregulation of collagen associated with the osteoarthritic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Broom
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
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Huang WT, Gong HY, Lin CJ, Weng CF, Chen MH, Wu JL. Hepatocyte nuclear factors-1alpha, -1beta, and -3beta expressed in the gonad of tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus). Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001; 288:833-40. [PMID: 11688983 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2001.5856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocyte nuclear factors (HNFs) are upstream regulators of many liver-specific genes and are involved in many cellular functions in the body, but their existence, expression, and function in gonads are still poorly understood. Here we report on the first cloning of partial cDNAs of HNF-1alpha and -1beta and full HNF-3beta cDNA from a tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) liver cDNA library. The deduced amino acid sequence of tilapia HNF-3beta has a 90 to 96% identity with those of other fishes (dwarf gourami, medaka, and zebrafish), 74% with mammals (human, rat, and mouse), and 82% with Xenopus. RT-PCR detected IGF-I and -II and HNF-1alpha, -1beta, and -3beta in both liver and gonads and the identity of the PCR fragments was confirmed by PCR hybridization. Immunoprecipitation and Western blotting also detected all three HNF proteins in both liver and gonads. Expression of HNFs in the gonads of the tilapia suggests that multi-HNFs may form a cascade to regulate gonadal physiology in the bony fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- W T Huang
- Institute of Zoology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan, 11529, Republic of China
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Zhao H, Chen MH, Shen ZM, Kahn PC, Lipke PN. Environmentally induced reversible conformational switching in the yeast cell adhesion protein alpha-agglutinin. Protein Sci 2001; 10:1113-23. [PMID: 11369849 PMCID: PMC2374011 DOI: 10.1110/ps.41701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The yeast cell adhesion protein alpha-agglutinin is expressed on the surface of a free-living organism and is subjected to a variety of environmental conditions. Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy shows that the binding region of alpha-agglutinin has a beta-sheet-rich structure, with only approximately 2% alpha-helix under native conditions (15-40 degrees C at pH 5.5). This region is predicted to fold into three immunoglobulin-like domains, and models are consistent with the CD spectra as well as with peptide mapping and site-specific mutagenesis. However, secondary structure prediction algorithms show that segments comprising approximately 17% of the residues have high alpha-helical and low beta-sheet potential. Two model peptides of such segments had helical tendencies, and one of these peptides showed pH-dependent conformational switching. Similarly, CD spectroscopy of the binding region of alpha-agglutinin showed reversible conversion from beta-rich to mixed alpha/beta structure at elevated temperatures or when the pH was changed. The reversibility of these changes implied that there is a small energy difference between the all-beta and the alpha/beta states. Similar changes followed cleavage of peptide or disulfide bonds. Together, these observations imply that short sequences of high helical propensity are constrained to a beta-rich state by covalent and local charge interactions under native conditions, but form helices under non-native conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zhao
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Institute for Biomolecular Structure and Function, Hunter College of the City University of New York, New York 10021,USA
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Tzeng WP, Chen MH, Derdeyn CA, Frey TK. Rubella virus DI RNAs and replicons: requirement for nonstructural proteins acting in cis for amplification by helper virus. Virology 2001; 289:63-73. [PMID: 11601918 DOI: 10.1006/viro.2001.1088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A rubella virus (RUB) replicon was constructed by replacing the 3' proximal structural protein ORF (SP-ORF) in Robo402, a RUB infectious cDNA clone, with a reporter gene, green fluorescent protein (GFP). This replicon, RUBrep/GFP, mimics naturally occurring RUB defective-interfering (DI) RNAs generated during serial undiluted passage that maintain the 5' proximal nonstructural protein ORF (NS-ORF) but contain deletions in the SP-ORF. Following transfection of Vero cells with in vitro RNA transcripts from RUBrep/GFP, replicon replication occurred and the replicon was amplified and spread to other cells in the presence of standard helper virus. GFP expression was a much more sensitive indicator of replicon replication than was Northern analysis to detect replicon-specific RNAs. Most of a series of RUBrep/GFP constructs with deletions in the NS-ORF not only were incapable of self-replication, but were not amplified by standard helper virus. The only exception was a construct with an in-frame deletion between two NotI sites that removed nucleotides 1685-2192 of the genome; this construct did not express GFP by itself, but did express GFP in the presence of standard helper RUB and was spread to other cells. Thus, with the exception of this region, the NS-ORF is required in cis for amplification of RUB replicons by standard helper virus, explaining the selection of DI RNAs that maintain the NS-ORF. Surprisingly, when the NotI deletion was introduced into Robo402, a viable virus resulted that replicated only threefold less efficiently than did Robo402 virus. Thus, the NotI region of the NS-ORF is not necessary for virus replication. This deletion covers a region of the NS-ORF without predicted function, which therefore may function as a spacer or hinge between functional domains. Nevertheless, it was an unexpected finding that a small virus such as RUB could dispense with approximately 10% of its genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- W P Tzeng
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
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