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Joseph DT, Bajpai M, Yadav DK, Sharma S, Anand S, Khan MA. Plasma GDNF levels in spinal dysraphism and its relation with neurological impairment in children: A point of care study. J Pediatr Urol 2024; 20:46.e1-46.e8. [PMID: 37858511 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2023.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
AIMS GDNF plays a crucial role in the stimulation of recovery, neuroplasticity and synaptic reorganization after spinal cord injury providing neuroprotection and neuroregeneration. Plasma GDNF levels are upregulated in cases of spina bifida owing to the intrauterine damage of the exposed spinal cord. Our aim was to compare the plasma GDNF levels in patients of spina bifida with non-spina bifida cases and assess the correlation with neurological impairment at one year of follow up. METHODS Single centre prospective analysis of cases of spina bifida from 2020 to 2022 at presentation and after one year of follow up post-surgery. Cases with hernia and hydrocele without any other disorders were recruited into the control group. Plasma GDNF levels were assessed with immunoassay kits and compared with neurological involvement. RESULTS 85 cases were included in the study. GDNF levels were elevated in cases compared to controls (mean 6.62 vs 1.76) with significant p value (<0.01). Same was observed for open and closed defects (mean 7.63 vs 4.86: p < 0.01). At follow up of 52 cases post-surgery cases with neurogenic bladder with abnormal urodynamic studies, sphincter involvement and motor impairment had significantly elevated baseline levels of GDNF compared with those who did not have this neurological impairment (p < 0.01). DISCUSSION The neurotrophic factor up-regulation can reflect an endogenous attempt at neuroprotection against the biochemical and molecular cascades triggered by the spinal cord damage. This upregulation can be represented as important biochemical markers of severe spinal cord damage and can be associated with severity of spine injury in MMC patients. Our results are in keeping with these findings, that, there were increased levels of plasma GDNF levels in cases of spinal dysraphism compared to control population. Also, the type of lesion reflecting the severity whether a closed or an open dysraphism, showed significant difference in levels between them suggesting, yet again, more damage in open defect as expected. The levels were higher with involvement of bladder, sphincter and lower limb power. CONCLUSION There is significant elevation of plasma GDNF levels in cases of spina bifida and this elevation is proportional to the degree of spinal damage and hence the neurological impairment. GDNF levels are a good predictor for assessing the severity of the lesion and thus the outcome in these cases. Additional prospective and long-term studies with a larger cohort are needed for a better understanding of neurotrophin pattern modulation in MMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delona Treesa Joseph
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.
| | - Minu Bajpai
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.
| | - D K Yadav
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.
| | - Shilpa Sharma
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.
| | - Sachit Anand
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.
| | - M A Khan
- Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
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Aggarwal P, Krishna Kumar RG, Das CJ, Kubihal V, Subudhi TK, Khan MA, Kumar R. Role of non-contrast CT component of prostate-specific membrane antigen PET/CT scan in the detection of peripheral zone prostate cancer. Br J Radiol 2024; 97:195-200. [PMID: 38263835 PMCID: PMC11027233 DOI: 10.1093/bjr/tqad009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to look for feasibility of non-contrast CT (NCCT) in detecting peripheral zone prostate cancer (PCa). METHODS A retrospective analysis included 50 biopsy-proven PCa patients between April 2019 and March 2022 who underwent staging whole body prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)/CT prior to treatment. The control subjects were 50 randomly selected adult male patients who underwent PET/CT for non-prostate malignancy during the same time period. Two readers independently calculated the Hounsfield unit (HU) of normal peripheral zone, central zone, and corresponding PSMA avid focus in cases. RESULTS No significant difference was seen in the mean HU value of normal peripheral zone between cases and controls. Significant difference in the mean HU was seen between the PSMA avid focus in cases (40.1 ± 6.2) and normal peripheral zone of cases (28.2 ± 7.0) and controls (27.7 ± 5.8). No significant difference was found between the mean HU values of high-grade PCa and non-high-grade PCa. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed a mean HU cut-off of ≥35 for detecting PCa with a sensitivity and specificity of 86% and 90%, respectively, between cases and controls (AUC 0.88). CONCLUSION Detection of clinically significant PCa is possible on routinely performed NCCT scans. Radiologists should routinely look for and convey these findings to facilitate further work-up and early detection of PCa. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE Our study adds to the knowledge that NCCT scans performed for unrelated indications can serve as a screening tool for clinically significant PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyush Aggarwal
- Department of Radio-Diagnosis and Interventional Radiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - R G Krishna Kumar
- Department of Radio-Diagnosis and Interventional Radiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Chandan J Das
- Department of Radio-Diagnosis and Interventional Radiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Vijay Kubihal
- Department of Radio-Diagnosis and Interventional Radiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - T Kishan Subudhi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - M A Khan
- Department of Bio-statistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
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Erdem H, Al-Tawfiq JA, Abid M, Yahia WB, Akafity G, Ramadan ME, Amer F, El-Kholy A, Hakamifard A, Rahimi BA, Dayyab F, Caskurlu H, Khedr R, Tahir M, Zambrano L, Khan MA, Raza A, El-Sayed NM, Baymakova M, Yalci A, Cag Y, Elbahr U, Ikram A. Infectious causes of fever of unknown origin in developing countries: An international ID-IRI study. J Intensive Med 2024; 4:94-100. [PMID: 38263972 PMCID: PMC10800762 DOI: 10.1016/j.jointm.2023.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Background Fever of unknown origin (FUO) in developing countries is an important dilemma and further research is needed to elucidate the infectious causes of FUO. Methods A multi-center study for infectious causes of FUO in lower middle-income countries (LMIC) and low-income countries (LIC) was conducted between January 1, 2018 and January 1, 2023. In total, 15 participating centers from seven different countries provided the data, which were collected through the Infectious Diseases-International Research Initiative platform. Only adult patients with confirmed infection as the cause of FUO were included in the study. The severity parameters were quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) ≥2, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, vasopressor use, and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Results A total of 160 patients with infectious FUO were included in the study. Overall, 148 (92.5%) patients had community-acquired infections and 12 (7.5%) had hospital-acquired infections. The most common infectious syndromes were tuberculosis (TB) (n=27, 16.9%), infective endocarditis (n=25, 15.6%), malaria (n=21, 13.1%), brucellosis (n=15, 9.4%), and typhoid fever (n=9, 5.6%). Plasmodium falciparum, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Brucellae, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, and Rickettsiae were the leading infectious agents in this study. A total of 56 (35.0%) cases had invasive procedures for diagnosis. The mean qSOFA score was 0.76±0.94 {median (interquartile range [IQR]): 0 (0-1)}. ICU admission (n=26, 16.2%), vasopressor use (n=14, 8.8%), and IMV (n=10, 6.3%) were not rare. Overall, 38 (23.8%) patients had at least one of the severity parameters. The mortality rate was 15 (9.4%), and the mortality was attributable to the infection causing FUO in 12 (7.5%) patients. Conclusions In LMIC and LIC, tuberculosis and cardiac infections were the most severe and the leading infections causing FUO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakan Erdem
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Clinical Microbiology, Gulhane School of Medicine, Turkish Health Sciences University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq
- Specialty Internal Medicine and Quality and Patient Safety Department, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Maha Abid
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Ibn El Jazzar Medical School, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Wissal Ben Yahia
- Internal Medicine Department, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Ibn El Jazzar Medical School, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | | | | | - Fatma Amer
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Amani El-Kholy
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Atousa Hakamifard
- Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Bilal Ahmad Rahimi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Kandahar University Medical Faculty, Teaching Hospital, Kandahar, Afghanistan
| | - Farouq Dayyab
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Mohammed Bn Khalifa Bn Salman Alkhalifa Specialist Cardiac Center, Awali, Bahrain
| | - Hulya Caskurlu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Reham Khedr
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, National Cancer Institute – Cairo University, Children Cancer Hospital Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Tahir
- Department of Medicine, Federal General Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Lysien Zambrano
- Institute for Research in Medical Sciences and Right to Health (ICIMEDES), Scientific Research Unit (UIC), Faculty of Medical Sciences (FCM), National Autonomous University of Honduras (UNAH), Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| | | | - Aun Raza
- Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Center, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Magdalena Baymakova
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Military Medical Academy, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Aysun Yalci
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Clinical Microbiology, Gulhane School of Medicine, Turkish Health Sciences University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Cag
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Umran Elbahr
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Bahrain Oncology Center, King Hamad University Hospital, Al Muharraq, Bahrain
| | - Aamer Ikram
- National Institute of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Lew B, Meir A, Khan AA, Khan MA, Tarre S, Green M. Ammonia gas treatment in low cost biological reactor. Bioresour Technol 2024; 391:129949. [PMID: 37926359 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia gas contributes to a number of environmental and human health concerns. The use of chalk, a cheap alkalinity source may reduce costs for biological systems. This research studies a closed liquid flow reactor to treat ammonia gas using chalk as biomass media and alkalinity source with high value calcium nitrate fertilizer production. The proposed reactor showed complete ammonia gas removal at high rate (500 mg N/L/day) and with low cost; where chalk dissolution and ammonia gas absorption contributed to alkalinity in the water for nitrification. High calcium ion concentration (up to 10,000 mg Ca2+ as CaCO3/L) showed only minor effects on ammonia absorption and nitrification rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Lew
- Department of Civil Eng, Ariel University, Israel.
| | - A Meir
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion, Israel
| | - A A Khan
- Department of Civil Engineering Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India
| | - M A Khan
- Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - S Tarre
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion, Israel
| | - M Green
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion, Israel
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Tahir MA, Khan MA, Ikram A, Chaudhry TH, Amir A, Tahir M, Haq IU, Zaki SA, Salam A, Wali S, Munir W, Salman M. Coordination strategies and concept of operations implemented during activation of public health emergency operations center for COVID-19 response in Pakistan. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18831. [PMID: 37914904 PMCID: PMC10620167 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46234-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Public health emergency management systems encountered difficulties in developing countries, especially in Pakistan. The COVID-19 pandemic was extremely challenging for different agencies/departments in Pakistan. Health emergency management depends on a well-established public health emergency operations center that could generate a coordinated response to emergencies. We conducted an assessment of public health emergency response coordination implemented during the COVID-19 at strategic level. This was mix-method qualitative study. Primary data was collected by using a structured questionnaire, and secondary data was collected by desk review. The agencies engaged in pandemic response at the national level in Pakistan were included in the assessment. The overall score of the emergency response coordination system during COVID-19 was 49% for all agencies. We found that agencies faced challenges in leadership, legislation, and financing issues during the pandemic response (44%). None of the agencies had a fully developed framework for joint planning and response system for health emergencies. Roles and responsibilities attached to designated agencies in response were relatively clear (55%) for most of the agencies. Effective public health emergency response is based on multi-departmental coordination, resource mobilization, and clear roles for each agency. Pakistan must proactively address these challenges for pandemic response in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Ali Tahir
- CDC, National Institutes of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan.
- Department of Public Health and Nutrition, University of Haripur, Haripur, KP, Pakistan.
| | - Mumtaz Ali Khan
- Center for Disease Control, National Institutes of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aamer Ikram
- Center for Disease Control, National Institutes of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Afreenish Amir
- Center for Disease Control, National Institutes of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Ijaz Ul Haq
- Department of Public Health and Nutrition, University of Haripur, Haripur, KP, Pakistan.
| | - Shahbaz Ahmed Zaki
- Department of Public Health and Nutrition, University of Haripur, Haripur, KP, Pakistan
| | - Arslan Salam
- Center for Disease Control, National Institutes of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sidra Wali
- Center for Disease Control, National Institutes of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Salman
- Center for Disease Control, National Institutes of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Moghnieh R, Al-Maani AS, Berro J, Ibrahim N, Attieh R, Abdallah D, Al-Ajmi J, Hamdani D, Abdulrazzaq N, Omar A, Al-Khawaja S, Al-Abadla R, Al-Ratrout S, Gharaibeh M, Abdelrahim Z, Azrag H, Amiri KM, Berry A, Hagali B, Kadhim J, Al-Shami H, Khan MA, Husni R, Heweidy I, Zayed B. Mapping of infection prevention and control education and training in some countries of the World Health Organization's Eastern Mediterranean Region: current situation and future needs. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2023; 12:90. [PMID: 37667340 PMCID: PMC10478460 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-023-01299-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A strong understanding of infection prevention and control (IPC) procedures and comprehensive training among healthcare workers is essential for effective IPC programs. These elements play a crucial role in breaking the chain of nosocomial infections by preventing the transmission of resistant organisms to patients and staff members. This study mapped the components of IPC education and training across various member states of the World Health Organization (WHO) in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) at national, academic, and healthcare institutional levels. METHODS A self-administered structured online questionnaire based on the WHO "Core Component 3" of IPC programs at the national and acute healthcare facility levels (IPC education and training) was given to national IPC focal persons in each of the WHO's EMR countries between February and March 2023. RESULTS From 14 of the 22 countries,15 IPC persons participated in the survey. Most countries have scattered nonhomogeneous IPC education programs in human health undergraduate majors without considering it a standalone module. Academic institutions are rarely involved, and elaborate and predefined undergraduate IPC education programs provided by universities are present in 21.4% of the countries. In 71.4% of these countries, postgraduate training targeting IPC professionals is provided by national IPC teams, primarily based on national IPC guidelines developed with the aid of the WHO. Generally, healthcare worker training relies heavily on healthcare facilities in 92.9% of the countries, rather than on a national training program. In 42.9% of the countries, practicing IPC physicians are not necessarily specialists of infectious disease or medical microbiologists and IPC nurses are not required to specialize in IPC. However, nonspecialized IPC professionals are expected to undergo training upon employment and before beginning practice. Nongovernmental organizations such as the WHO play a significant role in IPC education and in supporting national IPC authorities in establishing national IPC guidelines, as it is the case in 78.6% of these countries. CONCLUSION Clear disparities exist in IPC education and training across different countries in the WHO's EMR. Establishing a regional scientific network specializing in IPC would help bridge the existing gaps and standardize this education within individual countries and across countries in the region. This region needs to establish IPC certification standards and standardized education curricula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima Moghnieh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lebanese American University Medical Center-Rizk Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Lebanese American University Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Amal Saif Al-Maani
- Senior Consultant in Pediatric Infectious Diseases & Infection Prevention & Control, Directorate General for Disease Surveillance & Control, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | - Jana Berro
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nour Ibrahim
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rana Attieh
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Dania Abdallah
- Pharmacy Department, Makassed General Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jameela Al-Ajmi
- Senior Consultant Infectious Diseases, Executive Director Infection Prevention & Control, Ministry of Public Health, Doha, Qatar
| | - Dhouha Hamdani
- Infection Control Specialist, Quality Improvement & Patient Safety, Ministry of Public Health, Doha, Qatar
| | - Najiba Abdulrazzaq
- Al Baraha Hospital, Ministry of Health and Prevention, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abeer Omar
- Surveillance Department, Infection Control Directorate, National Focal person of AMR and Head, Ministry of Health, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Safa Al-Khawaja
- Department of Internal Medicine, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Ministry of Health, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Rami Al-Abadla
- Infection Control Consultant, Director of Safety & Infection Prevention & Control Unit, Gaza, Palestine
| | | | - Mohammad Gharaibeh
- Infection Prevention & Control Program, Ministry of Health, Amman, Jordan
| | - Zakaria Abdelrahim
- Infection Preventionist, Infection Control Office, Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan
| | - Hiba Azrag
- Development and Accreditation, Federal Ministry of Health, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Karima Mayar Amiri
- General Directorate of Curative Medicine, Ministry of Public Health, Kabul, Afghanistan
| | - Atika Berry
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Public Health, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Bashar Hagali
- General Assembly of Damascus Hospital, Ministry of Health, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Jamal Kadhim
- Infection Prevention & Control Program, Ministry of Health, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Huda Al-Shami
- Infection Prevention & Control Program, Ministry of Health, Sanaa, Yemen
| | - Mumtaz Ali Khan
- Centers for Disease Control, NIH and Coordinator FELTP, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Roula Husni
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lebanese American University Medical Center-Rizk Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Iman Heweidy
- Antimicrobial Resistance/Infection Prevention & Control Unit, Infection Prevention & Control Consultant, Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office, World Health Organization, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Bassim Zayed
- Department of Communicable Disease, Antimicrobial Resistance/Infection Prevention & Control Unit, Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office, World Health Organization, Cairo, Egypt
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Suhani, Kumar U, Seenu V, Sodhi J, Joshi M, Bhattacharjee HK, Khan MA, Mathur S, Kumar R, Parshad R. Evaluation of Dual Dye Technique for Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Breast Cancer: Two-Arm Open-Label Parallel Design Non-Inferiority Randomized Controlled Trial. World J Surg 2023; 47:2178-2185. [PMID: 37171588 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-023-07036-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Radioisotope and blue dye are standard agents for performing sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy in breast cancer. The paucity of nuclear medicine facility poses logistic challenge. This study evaluated performance of radioisotope & methylene blue (MB) with indocyanine green (ICG) and MB for SLNB. PATIENTS AND METHODS This randomized controlled trial was conducted from December 2019 to July 2022 comparing SLN identification proportions of radioisotope-blue dye [Group A] with dual dye (MB + ICG; Group B]. Secondary objective included time required and cost effectiveness of performing SLNB. Sample size of 70 (35 in each arm) was calculated. Upfront operable node negative early breast cancer was included in the study. Clinico-demographic data, number & type of SLN, time taken were noted. Cost analysis was done including the equipment, manpower & consumables. Chi-square/Fisher exact test was used to compare proportion between two groups. p value of less than 0.05 was considered to represent statistical significance. RESULTS Seventy patients randomized to either group were similar in clinico-demographic and tumor characteristics. SLN identification rate (IR) was 91.43% in group A and 100% in group B. Overall IR of MB, radioisotope and ICG were 91.43%, 91.43% and 100%, respectively. Mean number of SLNs identified were 3 in group A and 4 in group B. Median time required for SLNB was 12 min and 14 min in either group, respectively. Cost of performing SLNB was higher in Group B. CONCLUSION SLNB using dual dye is non-inferior to radioisotope-blue dye in upfront operable early breast cancer. Trial registration number Clinical Trial registry India CTRI/2020/02/023503.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhani
- Department of Surgical Disciplines, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Masjid Moth campus, Ansari Nagar East, New Delhi, India.
| | - Utkarsh Kumar
- Department of Surgical Disciplines, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Masjid Moth campus, Ansari Nagar East, New Delhi, India
| | - V Seenu
- Department of Surgical Disciplines, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Masjid Moth campus, Ansari Nagar East, New Delhi, India
| | - Jitendar Sodhi
- Department of Hospital Administration, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohit Joshi
- Department of Surgical Disciplines, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Masjid Moth campus, Ansari Nagar East, New Delhi, India
| | - H K Bhattacharjee
- Department of Surgical Disciplines, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Masjid Moth campus, Ansari Nagar East, New Delhi, India
| | - M A Khan
- Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sandeep Mathur
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajinder Parshad
- Department of Surgical Disciplines, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Masjid Moth campus, Ansari Nagar East, New Delhi, India
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Saeed A, Ali S, Khan F, Muhammad S, Reboita MS, Khan AW, Goheer MA, Khan MA, Kumar R, Ikram A, Jabeen A, Pongpanich S. Modelling the impact of climate change on dengue outbreaks and future spatiotemporal shift in Pakistan. Environ Geochem Health 2023; 45:3489-3505. [PMID: 36367603 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01429-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Climate change has a significant impact on the intensity and spread of dengue outbreaks. The objective of this study is to assess the number of dengue transmission suitable days (DTSD) in Pakistan for the baseline (1976-2005) and future (2006-2035, 2041-2070, and 2071-2099) periods under Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) scenarios. Moreover, potential spatiotemporal shift and future hotspots of DTSD due to climate change were also identified. The analysis is based on fourteen CMIP5 models that have been downscaled and bias-corrected with quantile delta mapping technique, which addresses data stationarity constraints while preserving future climate signal. The results show a higher DTSD during the monsoon season in the baseline in the study area except for Sindh (SN) and South Punjab (SP). In future periods, there is a temporal shift (extension) towards pre- and post-monsoon. During the baseline period, the top ten hotspot cities with a higher frequency of DTSD are Karachi, Hyderabad, Sialkot, Jhelum, Lahore, Islamabad, Balakot, Peshawar, Kohat, and Faisalabad. However, as a result of climate change, there is an elevation-dependent shift in DTSD to high-altitude cities, e.g. in the 2020s, Kotli, Muzaffarabad, and Drosh; in the 2050s, Garhi Dopatta, Quetta, and Zhob; and in the 2080s, Chitral and Bunji. Karachi, Islamabad, and Balakot will remain highly vulnerable to dengue outbreaks for all the future periods of the twenty-first century. Our findings also indicate that DTSD would spread across Pakistan, particularly in areas where we have never seen dengue infections previously. The good news is that the DTSD in current hotspot cities is projected to decrease in the future due to climate change. There is also a temporal shift in the region during the post- and pre-monsoon season, which provides suitable breeding conditions for dengue mosquitos due to freshwater; therefore, local authorities need to take adaption and mitigation actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alia Saeed
- Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shaukat Ali
- Global Change Impact Studies Centre (GCISC), Ministry of Climate Change, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Firdos Khan
- School of Natural Sciences (SNS), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sher Muhammad
- International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), Kathmandu, Nepal
| | | | | | - Muhammad Arif Goheer
- Global Change Impact Studies Centre (GCISC), Ministry of Climate Change, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Ramesh Kumar
- Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan.
- College of Public Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Aamer Ikram
- National Institute of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aliya Jabeen
- National Institute of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Alsoukhni MA, Al Nsour M, Alsouri RK, Al Serouri A, Hussain Z, Annam LS, Al Kohlani A, Khan MA, Samy SM, ép Ben Alaya NB, Abu-Khader IB, Abbas HB, Khader Y. Evaluation of the public health empowerment program in the Eastern Mediterranean region. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1180678. [PMID: 37304096 PMCID: PMC10250632 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1180678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Public Health Empowerment Program (PHEP) is a 3-month training program for frontline public health staff to improve surveillance quality and strengthen the early warning system capacities. Studies evaluating the program and its impact on the health systems in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) are lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the level of PHEP graduates' engagement in field epidemiology activities, assess their perceived skills and capacity to perform these activities and assess the extent to which PHEP helped the graduates to perform field epidemiology activities. Methods A descriptive evaluation study was conducted based on levels 3 and 4 of Kirkpatrick's model for evaluating training programs to assess the change in graduates' behavior and the direct results of the program. Data were collected using two online surveys targeting PHEP graduates and programs' directors/ technical advisers. Results A total of 162 PHEP graduates and 8 directors/ technical advisers participated in the study. The majority of PHEP graduates reported that they are often involved in activities such as responding to disease outbreaks effectively (87.7%) and monitoring surveillance data collection (75.3%). High proportions of PHEP graduates rated their skills as good in performing most of field epidemiology activities. The majority of graduates reported that the PHEP helped them much in conducting, reviewing, and monitoring surveillance data collection (92%), responding effectively to public health events and disease outbreaks (91.4%), and communicating information effectively with agency staff and with the local community (85.2%). Conclusion PHEP appears to be an effective program for improving the public health workforce's skills and practices in epidemiological competencies in the EMR. PHEP strengthened the engagement of the graduates in most field epidemiology activities, especially during COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majd A. Alsoukhni
- Center of Excellence for Applied Epidemiology, Global Health Development, Eastern Mediterranean Public Health Network, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mohannad Al Nsour
- Global Health Development, Eastern Mediterranean Public Health Network, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ruba Kamal Alsouri
- Center of Excellence for Applied Epidemiology, Global Health Development, Eastern Mediterranean Public Health Network, Amman, Jordan
| | - Abdulwahed Al Serouri
- Yemen Field Epidemiology Training program (FETP), Ministry of Public Health and Population, Sana'a, Yemen
| | - Zakir Hussain
- Global Health Development, Eastern Mediterranean Public Health Network, Amman, Jordan
| | - Labiba Saeed Annam
- Yemen Field Epidemiology Training program (FETP), Ministry of Public Health and Population, Sana'a, Yemen
| | - Abdulhakeem Al Kohlani
- Yemen Field Epidemiology Training program (FETP), Ministry of Public Health and Population, Sana'a, Yemen
| | | | | | | | - Ilham B. Abu-Khader
- Global Health Development, Eastern Mediterranean Public Health Network, Amman, Jordan
| | - Haitham Bashier Abbas
- Center of Excellence for Applied Epidemiology, Global Health Development, Eastern Mediterranean Public Health Network, Amman, Jordan
| | - Yousef Khader
- Department of Community Medicine, Public Health, and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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Tahir MA, Khan MA, Ikram A, Chaudhry TH, Jabeen A, Quddous A, Haq IU. Assessment of Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) Implementation and Strategies Used for IPC Preparedness at Facility Level in Underdeveloped Areas of Pakistan. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:1997-2006. [PMID: 37038477 PMCID: PMC10082615 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s399830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background During outbreaks of infectious diseases like COVID-19, the healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs) pose a burden on public health system. There are very limited data about infection prevention and control (IPC) implementation in the healthcare facilities of Pakistan. The aim of the study was to conduct assessment with the IPC Assessment Framework (IPCAF) tool in healthcare facilities of the least developed areas. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 12 tertiary level healthcare facilities (HCF) located in the least developed provinces of Pakistan. The facilities were selected through multistage cluster random methods. A well-structured questionnaire, the "IPCAF tool", was used for data collection. The IPCAF comprises eight sections with a 100 score of each section, thus with a maximum score of 800. The scores from 0 to 800 of the HCFs were divided into four gradual ratings through IPCAF, ie from inadequate to advanced. Results The median score of all facilities was 405, with a range from inadequate to advanced. One facility (8.3%) fell into the "inadequate" category with a score of 172.5; 5 (41.6%) facilities achieved "basic" category, another 5 (41.6%) being "intermediate", and only one (8.3%) hospital achieved "advanced" status. Region-wise median score of facilities of GB was 307.5, facilities in AJK scored 342.5, and a score of 520 was found for health facilities in KPK. The components of Education and Training, HCAIs Surveillance, and Multimodal Strategies achieved the lowest scores. Conclusion Most of the facilities have developed an IPC program with key focal persons and IPC committees, but did not have relevant education and training. IPC core capacities are being implemented. Equitable attention is required on all eight components of IPC in all facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Ali Tahir
- Health Education Officer, CDC, National Institutes of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Public Health & Nutrition, University of Haripur, Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
- Correspondence: Majid Ali Tahir, CDC, National Institutes of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan, Email ;
| | - Mumtaz Ali Khan
- Centers for Disease Control (CDC), National Institutes of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aamer Ikram
- Centers for Disease Control (CDC), National Institutes of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Tamoor Hamid Chaudhry
- Public Health Laboratories Division, National Institutes of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aliya Jabeen
- Centers for Disease Control (CDC), National Institutes of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Quddous
- Centers for Disease Control (CDC), National Institutes of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ijaz Ul Haq
- Department of Public Health & Nutrition, University of Haripur, Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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Erdem H, Baymakova M, Alkan S, Letaief A, Yahia WB, Dayyab F, Kolovani E, Grgic S, Cosentino F, Hasanoglu I, Khedr R, Marino A, Pekok AU, Eser F, Arapovic J, Guner HR, Miftode IL, Poposki K, Sanlidag G, Tahmaz A, Sipahi OR, Miftode EG, Oncu S, Cagla-Sonmezer M, Addepalli SK, Darazam IA, Kumari HP, Koc MM, Kumar MR, Sayana SB, Wegdan AA, Amer F, Ceylan MR, El-Kholy A, Onder T, Tehrani HA, Hakamifard A, Kayaaslan B, Shehata G, Caskurlu H, El-Sayed NM, Mortazavi SE, Pourali M, Elbahr U, Kulzhanova S, Yetisyigit T, Saad SA, Cag Y, Eser-Karlidag G, Pshenichnaya N, Belitova M, Akhtar N, Al-Majid F, Ayhan M, Khan MA, Lanzafame M, Makek MJ, Nsutebu E, Cascio A, Dindar-Demiray EK, Evren EU, Kalas R, Kalem AK, Baljić R, Ikram A, Kaya S, Liskova A, Szabo BG, Rahimi BA, Mutlu-Yilmaz E, Sener A, Rello J. Classical fever of unknown origin in 21 countries with different economic development: an international ID-IRI study. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2023; 42:387-398. [PMID: 36790531 PMCID: PMC9930069 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-023-04561-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Fever of unknown origin (FUO) is a serious challenge for physicians. The aim of the present study was to consider epidemiology and dynamics of FUO in countries with different economic development. The data of FUO patients hospitalized/followed between 1st July 2016 and 1st July 2021 were collected retrospectively and submitted from referral centers in 21 countries through ID-IRI clinical research platform. The countries were categorized into developing (low-income (LI) and lower middle-income (LMI) economies) and developed countries (upper middle-income (UMI) and high-income (HI) economies). This research included 788 patients. FUO diagnoses were as follows: infections (51.6%; n = 407), neoplasms (11.4%, n = 90), collagen vascular disorders (9.3%, n = 73), undiagnosed (20.1%, n = 158), miscellaneous diseases (7.7%, n = 60). The most common infections were tuberculosis (n = 45, 5.7%), brucellosis (n = 39, 4.9%), rickettsiosis (n = 23, 2.9%), HIV infection (n = 20, 2.5%), and typhoid fever (n = 13, 1.6%). Cardiovascular infections (n = 56, 7.1%) were the most common infectious syndromes. Only collagen vascular disorders were reported significantly more from developed countries (RR = 2.00, 95% CI: 1.19-3.38). FUO had similar characteristics in LI/LMI and UMI/HI countries including the portion of undiagnosed cases (OR, 95% CI; 0.87 (0.65-1.15)), death attributed to FUO (RR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.65-1.15, p-value = 0.3355), and the mean duration until diagnosis (p = 0.9663). Various aspects of FUO cannot be determined by the economic development solely. Other development indices can be considered in future analyses. Physicians in different countries should be equally prepared for FUO patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakan Erdem
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Clinical Microbiology, Gulhane School of Medicine, Turkish Health Sciences University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Magdalena Baymakova
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Military Medical Academy, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Sevil Alkan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Onsekiz Mart University School of Medicine, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Amel Letaief
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Ibn El Jazzar Medical School, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Wissal Ben Yahia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Ibn El Jazzar Medical School, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Farouq Dayyab
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Hamad University Hospital, Al Sayh, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Entela Kolovani
- Infectious Disease Clinic, University Hospital Center 'Mother Theresa', Tirana, Albania
| | - Svjetlana Grgic
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Clinical Hospital Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Federica Cosentino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Infectious Diseases, ARNAS Garibaldi Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Imran Hasanoglu
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Clinical Microbiology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Reham Khedr
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, National Cancer Institute - Cairo University, Children Cancer Hospital Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Andrea Marino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Infectious Diseases, ARNAS Garibaldi Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Fatma Eser
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Clinical Microbiology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Jurica Arapovic
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Clinical Hospital Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Hatice Rahmet Guner
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Clinical Microbiology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Kostadin Poposki
- Faculty of Medicine, University Clinic for Infectious Diseases and Febrile Conditions, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - Gamze Sanlidag
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Clinical Microbiology, Ege School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Alper Tahmaz
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Clinical Microbiology, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Oguz Resat Sipahi
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Clinical Microbiology, Ege School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | - Serkan Oncu
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Clinical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey
| | - Meliha Cagla-Sonmezer
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Clinical Microbiology, Hacettepe School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Syam Kumar Addepalli
- Department of Pharmacology, GITAM Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Ilad Alavi Darazam
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hema Prakash Kumari
- Department of Microbiology, GITAM Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Meliha Meriç Koc
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Clinical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Meela Ranjith Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College &, Government General Hospital, Suryapet, Telangana, India
| | - Suresh Babu Sayana
- Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College, Suryapet, Telangana, India
| | - Ahmed Ashraf Wegdan
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Fatma Amer
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mehmet Resat Ceylan
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Clinical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Amani El-Kholy
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Taylan Onder
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Onsekiz Mart University School of Medicine, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Hamed Azhdari Tehrani
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atousa Hakamifard
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bircan Kayaaslan
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Clinical Microbiology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Hulya Caskurlu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Seyed Erfan Mortazavi
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Pourali
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Umran Elbahr
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Bahrain Oncology Center, King Hamad University Hospital, Busaiteen, Bahrain
| | - Sholpan Kulzhanova
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Astana Medical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Tarkan Yetisyigit
- Department of Oncology, Bahrain Oncology Center, King Hamad University Hospital, Busaiteen, Bahrain
| | - Sahar Ahmed Saad
- Department of Rheumatology, King Hamad Univesity Hospital, Al Sayh, Bahrain
| | - Yasemin Cag
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Gulden Eser-Karlidag
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, University of Health Sciences, Elazig Fethi Sekin City Hospital, Elazig, Turkey
| | | | | | - Nasim Akhtar
- Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, G-8/3, Pakistan
| | - Fahad Al-Majid
- Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Division, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muge Ayhan
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Clinical Microbiology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | | | | | - Emmanuel Nsutebu
- Tropical and Infectious Diseases Division, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Antonio Cascio
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE) - Infectious Disease Unit, Policlinico 'P. Giaccone', University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Emine Unal Evren
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Kyrenia, Kyrenia, Cyprus
| | - Rama Kalas
- Internal Medicine Division, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ayşe Kaya Kalem
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Clinical Microbiology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Aamer Ikram
- National Institutes of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Selcuk Kaya
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Karadeniz Technical University School of Medicine, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Anna Liskova
- Hospital Nitra, St. Elisabeth University of Health Care and Social Work, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Balint Gergely Szabo
- South Pest Central Hospital, National Institute of Hematology and Infectious Diseases, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bilal Ahmad Rahimi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Kandahar University Medical Faculty, Teaching Hospital, Kandahar, Afghanistan
| | - Esmeray Mutlu-Yilmaz
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Clinical Microbiology, Samsun Training and Research Hospital, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Alper Sener
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Onsekiz Mart University School of Medicine, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Jordi Rello
- Clinical Research and Epidemiology in Pneumonia and Sepsis, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
- Clinical Research, CHRU Nîmes, Nîmes, France
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Hurst AL, Pritchett D, Khan MA. Urinary tract infection caused by Lactococcus garvieae in a premature neonate: A case report. J Neonatal Perinatal Med 2023; 16:187-190. [PMID: 36872796 DOI: 10.3233/npm-221154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Lactococcus garvieae is a gram-positive cocci that has primarily been described as a pathogen in various fish species, but has increasingly been reported to cause endocarditis and other infections in humans [1]. Neonatal infection caused by Lactococcus garvieae has not been previously reported. Here we describe a premature neonate who developed a urinary tract infection with this organism and was successfully treated with vancomycin therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Hurst
- Department of Pharmacy, Sanford USD Medical Center, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
| | - D Pritchett
- Department of Pharmacy, Sanford USD Medical Center, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
| | - M A Khan
- Department of Pediatrics, Sanford USD Medical Center, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
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Riaz S, Nasreen S, Burhan Z, Shafique S, Alvi SA, Khan MA. Microplastics assessment in Arabian Sea fishes: accumulation, characterization, and method development. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 84:e270694. [PMID: 36790302 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.270694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Around the globe, plastic has been entering the aquatic system and is ingested by organisms. Identification, optimal digestion method, and characterization of the polymers to trace sources are of growing importance. Hence, the present work investigated microplastics accumulation, digestion protocol efficiency, and characterization of polymers with FTIR analysis in the guts of five fishes (Lethrinus nebulosus, Rastrelliger kanagurta, Acanthopagrus arabicus, Otolithes ruber, and Euryglossa orientalis) from the Karachi coastal area, Arabian Sea. A total of 1154 microplastics (MPs) were ingested by 29 out of 33 fish species (87%). The highest average MP/fish was recorded in Otolithes ruber (54) and the lowest in Rastrelliger kanagurta (19.42). Microfibers were the most abundant shape with the highest numbers (35.52%) as compared to the rest of the MPs identified. Transparent microfibers were recorded as the highest in numbers followed by red, black, blue, and green. In this study, KOH with different concentrations and exposure times along with oxidizing agent hydrogen peroxide was tested (Protocols 3 and 4). Results showed these bases were highly efficient in obtaining optimal digestion of the samples. FTIR analysis confirmed that the majority of the polymers found in the fish guts were polyethylene and polypropylene. This study validated for the first time the presence of these polymers of plastic in marine fish from Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Riaz
- University of Karachi, Center of Excellence in Marine Biology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Nasreen
- University of Karachi, Center of Excellence in Marine Biology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Z Burhan
- University of Karachi, Center of Excellence in Marine Biology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Shafique
- University of Karachi, Center of Excellence in Marine Biology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S A Alvi
- PCSIR Laboratories Complex, Applied Chemistry Research Centre, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - M A Khan
- University of Karachi, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
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14
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Shoib S, Khan MA, Javed S, Das S, Chandradasa M, Soron TR, Saeed F. A possible link between air pollution and suicide? Encephale 2023; 49:94-95. [PMID: 34916076 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Shoib
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawahar-Lal-Nehru Memorial Hospital, 190003 Srinagar, Kashmir, India.
| | - M A Khan
- Larkin community hospital, 7031 SW 62nd Avenue, 33143 South Miami, FL, USA
| | - S Javed
- Nishtar Medical University, Nishtar Road, Gillani Colony, 66000 Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - S Das
- Consultant Psychiatrist Emergency Mental Health Sunshine Hospital, NWMH, 300, Grattan Street, 3050 Parkville VIC, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - M Chandradasa
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka
| | - T R Soron
- Telepsychiatry Research and Innovation Network, 1215 Dhaka, Bangladesh (TRS)
| | - F Saeed
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosis Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Asghar MU, Anjum AA, Rabbani M, Khan MA, Ali MA, Azeem S. A commercial monovalent canine parvovirus vaccine performs better than a commercial combination vaccine in puppies. J HELL VET MED SOC 2023. [DOI: 10.12681/jhvms.27960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Thirty puppies were randomly divided in to 3 groups for comparative evaluation of two commercial CPV vaccines. Each group was further subdivided in to < 6 months and < 3 months -old puppies and either vaccinated with a monovalent vaccine: Primodog, a combination vaccine: Duramune or maintained as a non-vaccinated control. Humoral immune response was determined by Hemagglutination Inhibition (HAI) on 21 and 35 -days after vaccination. The geometric mean titer (GMT) induced by Duramune, 21 and 35 -days post-vaccination was GMT 73.3 and 137.2, respectively. Comparatively, Primodog demonstrated higher GMT on 21 and 35 -days after vaccination: 97.0 and 168.9, respectively. The older puppies (< 6 months old) demonstrated higher seroconversion to both vaccines.
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16
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Khan MA, Braun WE, Kushner I, Grecek DE, Muir WA, Steinberg AG. HLA B27 in Ankylosing Spondylitis: Differences in Frequency and Relative Risk in American Blacks and Caucasians. J Rheumatol 2023; 50:39-43. [PMID: 36587954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Twenty-eight HLA alleles of the A and B loci were determined in 23 American Blacks and 50 Caucasians with primary ankylosing spondylitis (AS). The prevalence of HLA B27 was significantly increased in American Black patients (48 per cent) vs Black controls (two per cent), but was much less than the 94 per cent found in Caucasian patients (controls eight per cent). The lower prevalence of B27 in American Black patients vs Caucasian patients was significant (p < 0.001), and indicated that susceptibility to AS is not as closely associated with B27 in Blacks as in Caucasians. No other HLA antigen was significantly associated with AS in either racial group. Among B27 positive individuals, the relative risk of developing AS was significantly lower in American Blacks than in Caucasians. These data indicate that for diagnostic purposes, the absence of B27 is less important in ruling out AS in Blacks than in Caucasians.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Khan
- From the Department of Medicine, Cleveland Metropolitan General Hospital; the Division of Human Genetics, Case Western Reserve University; and the Department of Immunoputhology, the Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - W E Braun
- From the Department of Medicine, Cleveland Metropolitan General Hospital; the Division of Human Genetics, Case Western Reserve University; and the Department of Immunoputhology, the Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - I Kushner
- From the Department of Medicine, Cleveland Metropolitan General Hospital; the Division of Human Genetics, Case Western Reserve University; and the Department of Immunoputhology, the Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - D E Grecek
- From the Department of Medicine, Cleveland Metropolitan General Hospital; the Division of Human Genetics, Case Western Reserve University; and the Department of Immunoputhology, the Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - W Angus Muir
- From the Department of Medicine, Cleveland Metropolitan General Hospital; the Division of Human Genetics, Case Western Reserve University; and the Department of Immunoputhology, the Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - A G Steinberg
- From the Department of Medicine, Cleveland Metropolitan General Hospital; the Division of Human Genetics, Case Western Reserve University; and the Department of Immunoputhology, the Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
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Novikova EV, Khan MA, Turova EA. [Medical rehabilitation of children with obstructive uropathy]. Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult 2023; 100:21-26. [PMID: 38016053 DOI: 10.17116/kurort202310005121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Obstructive uropathy in children is predominantly urinary system malformation and one of the leading causes of chronic renal failure. Antenatal ultrasound can detect obstructive uropathy in infants. It is important to conduct diagnostics not only to identify the obstruction level in urinary system, but to assess renal function, renal blood flow and urination. Children are given conservative and surgical treatment methods to restore urodynamics, prevent infectious complications, improve renal blood flow. Currently, there are no principles, approaches and technologies for medical rehabilitation of patients with obstructive uropathy, therefore, the use of selective chromotherapy, which has an activating effect on regional circulation, and sound stimulation improving muscles tone of pelvis and ureters, is pathogenetically reasonable and promising. OBJECTIVE To develop technologies of physiotherapy application (sound stimulation, selective chromotherapy) for inclusion in comprehensive medical rehabilitation of children with megaloureter. MATERIAL AND METHODS Clinical observations and special examinations have been performed in 90 children with megaloureter aged from 1 to 10 years. The patients were divided into 2 groups: 30 children (study group) received sound stimulation combined with selective chromotherapy; 30 children (the 1st comparison group) - sound stimulation; 30 children (the 2nd comparison group) - selective chromotherapy (blue spectrum). General clinical methods, ultrasound of kidneys and bladder with Doppler monitoring of intrarenal blood flow, functional methods of bladder examination were used. RESULTS The positive effects of separate and combined application of sound stimulation and selective chromotherapy on clinical and laboratory indicators, urodynamics of urinary tract and renal blood flow in children with megaloureter after surgery have been revealed. The efficacy of selective chromotherapy use in children with megaloureter and comorbid neurologic bladder dysfunction has been proven. CONCLUSION Modern technologies for the application of physiotherapy, namely selective chromotherapy and sound stimulation, to include them in the comprehensive medical rehabilitation of children with megaloureter, have been developed for the first time and their high efficacy has been proven.
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Affiliation(s)
- E V Novikova
- Moscow Scientific and Practical Center of Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine, Moscow, Russia
- Filatov Children's City Hospital, Moscow, Russia
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - M A Khan
- Moscow Scientific and Practical Center of Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine, Moscow, Russia
- Filatov Children's City Hospital, Moscow, Russia
| | - E A Turova
- Moscow Scientific and Practical Center of Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine, Moscow, Russia
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
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18
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Khan MA, Lyan NA, Vakhova EL, Lvova AV, Mikhlin SB, Illarionov VE. [The high-intensity pulsed magnetic therapy in the medical rehabilitation of children. (Literature review)]. Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult 2023; 100:99-102. [PMID: 38289311 DOI: 10.17116/kurort202310006199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
In recent decades, a promising area of physiotherapy has been intensively developed In Russia and abroad - magnetic therapy, based on the use of various types of magnetic fields for preventive, curative and rehabilitative purposes. The use of high-intensity pulsed magnetotherapy is promising. The effectiveness of the method in a number of diseases of childhood, which has an active stimulating effect on the state of the neuromuscular apparatus, has been proven.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Khan
- Moscow Scientific and Practical Center of Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine, Moscow, Russia
- Filatov Children's City Hospital, Moscow, Russia
| | - N A Lyan
- Moscow Scientific and Practical Center of Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine, Moscow, Russia
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - E L Vakhova
- Moscow Scientific and Practical Center of Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine, Moscow, Russia
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - A V Lvova
- Moscow Scientific and Practical Center of Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - S B Mikhlin
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - V E Illarionov
- Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Moscow, Russia
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19
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Sayeeda S, Hayee S, Akhtar N, Begum F, Khan MA. Successful Pregnancy with SLE-associated Antiphospholipid Syndrome: A Case Report. Mymensingh Med J 2023; 32:272-276. [PMID: 36594334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Pregnancy in women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is associated with an increased risk of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Risk is significantly increased when SLE pregnancy is complicated by anti-phospholipid syndrome (APS). Here, we present a case of a 21 year-old multi-gravid lady with SLE- associated APS who was diagnosed as such when she presented with multisystem flare at her 16 weeks of gestation. At presentation she had fever, multiple joint pain in both upper and lower limbs, loss of hair, history of recurrent oral ulcer, skin rash over hand and feet. Physical examination and laboratory evaluation were consistent with an active SLE flare. A diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) was made based on her clinical presentation and laboratory findings. The reported patient had APS secondary to SLE. She had all the risk factors that would confer a remarkably high risk of pregnancy morbidity: positive anti-SSA(RO) antibody and lupus anticoagulant, history of one neonatal death due to congenital heart block and two consecutive first trimester pregnancy loss. Multidisciplinary management approach with appropriate intervention and close monitoring can bring a successful outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sayeeda
- Dr Syeda Sayeeda, Associate Professor, Department of Fetomaternal Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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20
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Dubey H, Ranjan A, Durai J, Khan MA, Lakshmy R, Khurana S, Gupta S, Meena J, Ray MD, Tanwar P, Chopra A, Tiwari S. Evaluation of HE4 as a prognostic biomarker in uterine cervical cancer . Cancer Treat Res Commun 2023; 34:100672. [PMID: 36525756 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2022.100672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Uterine cervical cancer (UCC) is the fourth most common health problem worldwide among women. Currently available biomarkers CA125, CA199, and CEA for diagnosis or prognostic evaluation of UCC have not got widespread acceptance. METHOD Whole blood samples of 64 patients with UCC were collected along with 63 healthy females and tested for serum levels of HE4 (sHE4). A cut-off value for positive result 64.0 pmol/L was set. Statistical analysis of different clinical variables was done. RESULT Serum level of HE4 has a significant role in the diagnosis of uterine cervical cancer. Its level increases with age, higher parity (P < 0.05), stage (P < 0.16), tumor size, and parametrial invasion. Negative result was seen with vaginal invasion, lymph node involvement & cases which had recurrence. Various histological types showed variable results. So the serum level of HE4 (sHE) level may play a role in the diagnosis & therapeutic monitoring of UCC. But the prognostic evaluation needs further studies. CONCLUSION sHE4 is useful in the diagnosis of cervical cancer, but its prognostic significance is under the question marks. It may be associated with higher values in higher stages. Higher parity of the patient is associated with higher level of HE4 in UCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshita Dubey
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Amar Ranjan
- Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institue of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | | | - M A Khan
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - R Lakshmy
- C.N. Center, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sachin Khurana
- Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institue of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Swati Gupta
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Jyoti Meena
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - M D Ray
- Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institue of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Pranay Tanwar
- Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institue of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anita Chopra
- Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institue of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanat Tiwari
- Bionics Scientific Technologies Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi, India
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21
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Khan MA, Khattak NU, Hanif M, Qadir A. Correction to: Assessment of soil-gas radon concentration over lithologies: a case study from district Karak, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Environ Monit Assess 2022; 195:199. [PMID: 36520247 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10846-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mumtaz Ali Khan
- Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Nimat Ullah Khattak
- National Centre of Excellence in Geology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hanif
- National Centre of Excellence in Geology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Anwar Qadir
- Department of Geology, University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
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22
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Devrim I, Erdem H, El-Kholy A, Almohaizeie A, Logar M, Rahimi BA, Amer F, Alkan-Ceviker S, Sonmezer MC, Belitova M, Al-Ramahi JW, Pshenichnaya N, Gad MA, Santos L, Khedr R, Hassan AN, Boncuoglu E, Cortegiani A, Marino A, Liskova A, Hakamifard A, Popescu CP, Khan MA, Marinova R, Petrov N, Nsutebu E, Shehata G, Tehrani HA, Alay H, Mareković I, Zajkowska J, Konkayev A, Ramadan ME, Pagani M, Agin H, Tattevin P, El-Sokkary R, Ripon RK, Fernandez R, Vecchio RFD, Popescu SD, Kanj S. Analyzing central-line associated bloodstream infection prevention bundles in 22 countries: The results of ID-IRI survey. Am J Infect Control 2022; 50:1327-1332. [PMID: 35263612 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2022.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) are a significant complication of central venous access, it is critical to prevent CLABSIs through the use of central line bundles. The purpose of this study was to take a snapshot of central venous access bundles in various countries. METHODS The participants in intensive care units (ICUs) completed a questionnaire that included information about the health center, infection control procedures, and central line maintenance. The countries were divided into 2 groups: those with a low or low-middle income and those with an upper-middle or high income. RESULTS Forty-three participants from 22 countries (46 hospitals, 85 ICUs) responded to the survey. Eight (17.4%) hospitals had no surveillance system for CLABSI. Approximately 7.1 % (n = 6) ICUs had no CLABSI bundle. Twenty ICUs (23.5%) had no dedicated checklist. The percentage of using ultrasonography during catheter insertion, transparent semi-permeable dressings, needleless connectors and single-use sterile pre-filled ready to use 0.9% NaCl were significantly higher in countries with higher and middle-higher income (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that there are significant differences in the central line bundles between low/low-middle income countries and upper-middle/high-income countries. Additional measures should be taken to address inequity in the management of vascular access in resource-limited countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilker Devrim
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Department, Dr. Behçet Uz Children's Hospital, Izmir, Türkiye.
| | - Hakan Erdem
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Bahrain Oncology Center, King Hamad University Hospital, Busaiteen, Bahrain
| | - Amani El-Kholy
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Abdullah Almohaizeie
- Pharmaceutical Care Division, King Faisal Specialist Hospital Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mateja Logar
- Department of Infectious Diseases, UMC Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Bilal Ahmad Rahimi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Kandahar University Medical Faculty, Teaching Hospital, Kandahar, Afghanistan
| | - Fatma Amer
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Sevil Alkan-Ceviker
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Onsekiz Mart University, Medical Faculty Hospital, Canakkale, Türkiye
| | - Meliha Cagla Sonmezer
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Maya Belitova
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital "Queen Giovanna"-ISUL, EAD, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Jamal Wadi Al-Ramahi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Maha Ali Gad
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Lurdes Santos
- Infectious Diseases Intensive Care Unit, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Reham Khedr
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, National Cancer Institute - Cairo University/Children Cancer Hospital Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdullahi Nur Hassan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Algomed Hospital, Adana, Türkiye
| | - Elif Boncuoglu
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Department, Dr. Behçet Uz Children's Hospital, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Andrea Cortegiani
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Science (Di.Chir.On.S.), University of Palermo and Department of Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Emergency, Policlinico Paolo Giaccone, Palermo, Italy
| | - Andrea Marino
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | - Anna Liskova
- Hospital Nitra, St. Elisabeth University of Health Care and Social Work, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Atousa Hakamifard
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Corneliu Petru Popescu
- Dr. Victor Babes Clinical Hospital of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | | | | | - Emmanuel Nsutebu
- Infectious Diseases Division, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Hamed Azhdari Tehrani
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Handan Alay
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Ataturk University, Faculty of Medicine, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Ivana Mareković
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Microbiology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Aidos Konkayev
- Institution of Trauma and Orthopedics, Astana Medical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Michele Pagani
- UOC Anestesia e Rianimazione 1, Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Hasan Agin
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Dr. Behçet Uz Children's Hospital, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Pierre Tattevin
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University Hospital of Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
| | - Rehab El-Sokkary
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Rezaul Karim Ripon
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Bangladesh
| | | | | | | | - Souha Kanj
- American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
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23
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Shah SSA, Saddique U, Khan MA, Khan S. Molecular epidemiology and phylogenetic analysis of Tams I gene of Theileria annulata in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Pol J Vet Sci 2022; 25:625-629. [PMID: 36649115 DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2022.143543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Theileriosis is a hemoparasitic disease that affects a wide range of different animal species and is caused by various species of Theileria. This study aimed to determine the molecular epidemiology of Theileria annulata through microscopy and PCR, in crossbred cattle in some districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. For this study, a total of 384 blood samples were collected from cattle in the Peshawar (n=120), Charsadda (n=94), Nowshera (n=84), and Swabi (n=86) districts. Microscopy and PCR were used to determine the overall prevalence of theileriosis, which was found to be 15.8 and 22.6%, respectively. Theileria annulata was detected in blood samples through PCR in the study area, and the target gene i.e., Tams 1, of positive samples was sequenced. The sequences in the current study revealed high sequence homology (ranging from 96 to 100%) with Tams 1 sequences of neighboring countries present in the NCBI database. Season, breed, age, and sex were found to be important risk factors among the several risk factors examined, whereas, among different clinical manifestations, lymphadenopathy showed a strong association with theileriosis. According to Cohen's kappa and ROC analysis, microscopy was proven to be a fair diagnostic test for detecting theileriosis in cattle, and may be used in combination with molecular techniques for screening a large number of animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S A Shah
- College of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25130, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.,Veterinary Research Institute, Peshawar-Pakistan
| | - U Saddique
- College of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25130, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - M A Khan
- College of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25130, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - S Khan
- College of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25130, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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24
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Khan MA, Khattak NU, Hanif M, Qadir A. Assessment of soil-gas radon concentration over lithologies: a case study from district Karak, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Environ Monit Assess 2022; 195:117. [PMID: 36396884 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10716-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The current study is aimed to determine the variation of soil-gas radon concentrations over different rock formations representing diverse lithologies in the district of Karak, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The stratigraphic units were grouped on the basis of lithological contents into four categories, i.e., limestone, evaporites, claystone/mudstone, and sandstone. The highest average soil-gas 222Rn concentration (544 Bq/L) was found in the uranium-bearing Dhok Pathan Formation of the Pliocene age, while the lowest radon levels (0.15 Bq/L) were observed in the salt-bearing strata of Bahadurkhel Salt of Eocene age showing the non-uraniferous nature of the salt. High radon potential associated with the Dhok Pathan Formation is likely to be related to the high degree of uranium mineralization which is contributing to the elevated soil-gas radon levels. The study revealed that the soil-gas radon concentration in all lithologies is varying in the order of RnSandstone > RnLimestone > RnClaystone/Mudstone > RnEvaporites with the highest radon levels in the sandstone unit of uranium-bearing Dhok Pathan Formation. High fluctuations of soil-gas radon levels observed in this study evidently show that lithology and uranium mineralization have strong control over the 222Rn concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mumtaz Ali Khan
- Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Nimat Ullah Khattak
- National Centre of Excellence in Geology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hanif
- National Centre of Excellence in Geology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Anwar Qadir
- Department of Geology, University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
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Rehman A, Abbas S, Khan MA, Ghazal TM, Adnan KM, Mosavi A. A secure healthcare 5.0 system based on blockchain technology entangled with federated learning technique. Comput Biol Med 2022; 150:106019. [PMID: 36162198 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.106019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the global Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) industry has evolved at a tremendous speed. Security and privacy are key concerns on the IoMT, owing to the huge scale and deployment of IoMT networks. Machine learning (ML) and blockchain (BC) technologies have significantly enhanced the capabilities and facilities of healthcare 5.0, spawning a new area known as "Smart Healthcare." By identifying concerns early, a smart healthcare system can help avoid long-term damage. This will enhance the quality of life for patients while reducing their stress and healthcare costs. The IoMT enables a range of functionalities in the field of information technology, one of which is smart and interactive health care. However, combining medical data into a single storage location to train a powerful machine learning model raises concerns about privacy, ownership, and compliance with greater concentration. Federated learning (FL) overcomes the preceding difficulties by utilizing a centralized aggregate server to disseminate a global learning model. Simultaneously, the local participant keeps control of patient information, assuring data confidentiality and security. This article conducts a comprehensive analysis of the findings on blockchain technology entangled with federated learning in healthcare. 5.0. The purpose of this study is to construct a secure health monitoring system in healthcare 5.0 by utilizing a blockchain technology and Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to detect any malicious activity in a healthcare network and enables physicians to monitor patients through medical sensors and take necessary measures periodically by predicting diseases. The proposed system demonstrates that the approach is optimized effectively for healthcare monitoring. In contrast, the proposed healthcare 5.0 system entangled with FL Approach achieves 93.22% accuracy for disease prediction, and the proposed RTS-DELM-based secure healthcare 5.0 system achieves 96.18% accuracy for the estimation of intrusion detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdur Rehman
- School of Computer Science, National College of Business Administration and Economics, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Sagheer Abbas
- School of Computer Science, National College of Business Administration and Economics, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - M A Khan
- Riphah School of Computing and Innovation, Faculty of Computing, Riphah International University, Lahore Campus, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Taher M Ghazal
- School of Information Technology, Skyline University College, University City Sharjah, 1797, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Center for Cyber Security, Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Khan Muhammad Adnan
- Department of Software, Gachon University, Seongnam, 13120, Republic of Korea.
| | - Amir Mosavi
- Institute of Information Engineering, Automation and Mathematics, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, 81107 Bratislava, Slovakia; John von Neumann Faculty of Informatics, Obuda University, 1034, Budapest, Hungary; Faculty of Civil Engineering, TU-Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
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Davey N, Fitzgerald R, Fauzi MYBM, Khan MA, O'Donnell N, Kumar S, Bambrick P, Pope G, Mulcahy R, Cooke J, O'Regan N. 295 SPEP IT UP! DEVELOPING AN ALGORITHM FOR ABNORMAL SERUM PLASMA ELECTROPHORESIS RESULTS IN HIP FRACTURE PATIENTS. Age Ageing 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac218.259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Hip fracture is a common manifestation of osteoporosis. All patients who sustain a hip fracture should receive a specialist bone health assessment, including Serum Protein Electrophoresis (SPEP) because plasma cell disorders such as multiple myeloma are an important differential diagnosis. SPEP results can be challenging to interpret without training and expertise. We aimed to review the proportion of abnormal SPEP results in hip fracture patients and used a newly developed algorithm to assess urgency of referral to haematology.
Methods
The Orthogeriatrics and Haematology teams collaborated to develop an algorithm to help facilitate decision making in hip fracture patients with abnormal SPEP results. A retrospective study was then conducted using data from the local Hip Fracture Database from Quarters 1 and 3 in 2020, and the hospital electronic laboratory system. The algorithm was used to retrospectively determine which patients warranted haematology review. The electronic appointment system was then accessed to review whether those who warranted haematology referral had appointments on the system.
Results
Of 270 hip fracture presentations, 19 duplicate records were excluded. Five patients had no data and three patients had passed away. Of the remaining 243 patients, 193 (79.42%) had SPEP’s sent. Abnormalities were detected in 116 patients (47.74%). According to the SPEP referral pathway, two patients warranted routine referral and one patient required an urgent referral, none of whom appeared to have been referred to haematology. Two patients who did not warrant haematology referral were already under haematology for different conditions.
Conclusion
Not all patients who sustain acute osteoporotic fractures with an abnormal SPEP result require haematology referral. The need for an urgent or routine haematology can be guided by the SPEP result along with other clinical features. With the introduction of this pathway, it is proposed that all hip fracture patients will be triaged in a timely, appropriate, and consistent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Davey
- University Hospital Waterford , Waterford, Ireland
| | - R Fitzgerald
- University Hospital Waterford , Waterford, Ireland
| | - MYBM Fauzi
- University Hospital Waterford , Waterford, Ireland
| | - MA Khan
- University Hospital Waterford , Waterford, Ireland
| | - N O'Donnell
- University Hospital Waterford , Waterford, Ireland
| | - S Kumar
- University Hospital Waterford , Waterford, Ireland
| | - P Bambrick
- University Hospital Waterford , Waterford, Ireland
| | - G Pope
- University Hospital Waterford , Waterford, Ireland
| | - R Mulcahy
- University Hospital Waterford , Waterford, Ireland
| | - J Cooke
- University Hospital Waterford , Waterford, Ireland
| | - N O'Regan
- University Hospital Waterford , Waterford, Ireland
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Fatima R, Yaqoob A, Qadeer E, Khan MA, Ghafoor A, Jamil B, Haq MU, Ahmed N, Baig S, Rehman A, Abbasi Q, Khan AW, Ikram A, Hicks JP, Walley J. Community- vs. hospital-based management of multidrug-resistant TB in Pakistan. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2022; 26:929-933. [PMID: 36163662 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.21.0695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) treatment takes 18-24 months and is complex, costly and isolating. We provide trial evidence on the WHO Pakistan recommendation for community-based care rather than hospital-based care.METHODS Two-arm, parallel-group, superiority trial was conducted in three programmatic management of drug-resistant TB hospitals in Punjab and Sindh Provinces, Pakistan. We enrolled 425 patients with MDR-TB aged >15 years through block randomisation in community-based care (1-week hospitalisation) or hospital-based care (2 months hospitalisation). Primary outcome was treatment success.RESULTS Among 425 patients with MDR-TB, 217 were allocated to community-based care and 208 to hospital-based care. Baseline characteristics were similar between the community and hospitalised arms, as well as in selected sites. Treatment success was 74.2% (161/217) under community-based care and 67.8% (141/208) under hospital-based care, giving a covariate-adjusted risk difference (community vs. hospital model) of 0.06 (95% CI -0.02 to 0.15; P = 0.144).CONCLUSIONS We found no clear evidence that community-based care was more or less effective than hospital-based care model. Given the other substantial advantages of community-based care over hospital based (e.g., more patient-friendly and accessible, with lower treatment costs), this supports the adoption of the community-based care model, as recommended by the WHO.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Fatima
- Common Management Unit (TB, HIV/AIDS and Malaria), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - A Yaqoob
- Common Management Unit (TB, HIV/AIDS and Malaria), Islamabad, Pakistan, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - E Qadeer
- Ministry of National Health Services, Regulations and Coordination, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - M A Khan
- Association for Social Development, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - A Ghafoor
- National TB Control Program, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - B Jamil
- Common Management Unit (TB, HIV/AIDS and Malaria), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - M U Haq
- University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway, National TB Control Program, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - N Ahmed
- Ojha Institute of Chest Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Baig
- Ojha Institute of Chest Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - A Rehman
- Gulab Devi Chest Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Q Abbasi
- TB Samli Sanatorium Hospital, Murree, Pakistan
| | - A W Khan
- National TB Control Program, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - A Ikram
- National Institute of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - J P Hicks
- Nuffield Centre for International Health and Development, Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, UK
| | - J Walley
- Nuffield Centre for International Health and Development, Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, UK
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Jabeen A, Ansari JA, Ikram A, Khan MA. First Report of Aedes vittatus in Islamabad, Pakistan. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 2022; 38:219-220. [PMID: 35839266 DOI: 10.2987/22-7067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aedes vittatus is distributed throughout Asia, Africa, and Europe and can transmit dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever, and Zika viruses. Like other Aedes species, larvae develop in both natural and artificial containers in urban, suburban, and rural areas. In September 2021, an entomological survey was conducted at the National Institute of Health of Pakistan (NIH) and adjacent housing within the NIH colony. All containers with water were examined for Aedes mosquitoes at 150 locations, including residential properties, a plant nursery, junkyards, and recreational parks and playgrounds. A total of 103 larvae, 37 pupae, 5 female and 2 male Ae. vittatus were collected from a fountain. This was the first detection of Ae. vittatus in urban Islamabad. Additional vector surveillance is needed to better understand the geographical distribution, ecology, and behavior of this invasive species and to understand its possible role in the transmission of dengue and chikungunya viruses in Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliya Jabeen
- Field Epidemiology and Disease Surveillance Division, National Institute of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Jamil A Ansari
- Field Epidemiology and Disease Surveillance Division, National Institute of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aamer Ikram
- Field Epidemiology and Disease Surveillance Division, National Institute of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mumtaz Ali Khan
- Field Epidemiology and Disease Surveillance Division, National Institute of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Islam N, Das MC, Saif-Ur-Rahman KM, Khan MA, Khandaker G, Das D. Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Diagnostic Tests: A Glimpse. Mymensingh Med J 2022; 31:887-889. [PMID: 35780380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mass testing for COVID-19 infection is one of the core measures in tackling the global spread of the disease. Testing is vital to diagnose and estimate cases, attack rates and case fatality rates- critical data for policy-making. As COVID-19 continues to spread globally, the demand for more extensive laboratory testing and innovative technology increases. However, countries around the world have been struggling to keep up pace with the worldwide demand to expand testing strategy. The pandemic evolves, so does our knowledge and understanding of diagnostic tests of COVID-19. Here we aim to review major challenges related to COVID-19 diagnostic tests and future development. So, the ongoing urgency and demand for tests would certainly steer the rapid uptake of novel techniques, which in turn would boost our understanding of diagnostic tests for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Islam
- Dr Nazmul Islam, School of Public Health and Life Sciences, University of South Asia, Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Cag Y, Al Madadha ME, Ankarali H, Cag Y, Demir Onder K, Seremet-Keskin A, Kizilates F, Čivljak R, Shehata G, Alay H, Alkan-Ceviker S, Yilmaz-Karadag F, Cagla-Sonmezer M, Ezzelarab Ramadan M, Magdelena DI, Radic LB, Arapovic J, Kesmez-Can F, El-Sayed NM, Campbell OB, Eser-Karlidag G, Khedr R, Isik ME, Petrov MM, Cernat R, Erturk U, Uygun-Kizmaz Y, Huljev E, Amer F, Ceylan MR, Marino A, Kul G, Damar-Cakirca T, Khalaf YM, Isik AC, Ariyo OE, Hakyemez IN, Ripon RK, Afkhamzadeh A, Dindar-Demiray EK, Gideon OO, Belitova M, Altindis M, El-Sokkary R, Tekin R, Garout MA, Zajkowska J, Fazal F, Bekcibasi M, Hukic M, Nizamuddin S, Surme S, Fernandez R, El-Kholy A, Akhtar N, Ijaz S, Cortegiani A, Meric-Koc M, Hasman H, Maduka AV, ElKholy JA, Sari S, Khan MA, Akin Y, Kose S, Erdem H. Vaccine hesitancy and refusal among parents: An international ID-IRI survey. J Infect Dev Ctries 2022; 16:1081-1088. [PMID: 35797304 DOI: 10.3855/jidc.16085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although vaccines are the safest and most effective means to prevent and control infectious diseases, the increasing rate of vaccine hesitancy and refusal (VHR) has become a worldwide concern. We aimed to find opinions of parents on vaccinating their children and contribute to available literature in order to support the fight against vaccine refusal by investigating the reasons for VHR on a global scale. METHODOLOGY In this international cross-sectional multicenter study conducted by the Infectious Diseases International Research Initiative (ID-IRI), a questionnaire consisting of 20 questions was used to determine parents' attitudes towards vaccination of their children. RESULTS Four thousand and twenty-nine (4,029) parents were included in the study and 2,863 (78.1%) were females. The overall VHR rate of the parents was found to be 13.7%. Nineteen-point three percent (19.3%) of the parents did not fully comply with the vaccination programs. The VHR rate was higher in high-income (HI) countries. Our study has shown that parents with disabled children and immunocompromised children, with low education levels, and those who use social media networks as sources of information for childhood immunizations had higher VHR rates (p < 0.05 for all). CONCLUSIONS Seemingly all factors leading to VHR are related to training of the community and the sources of training. Thus, it is necessary to develop strategies at a global level and provide reliable knowledge to combat VHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakup Cag
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Health Sciences Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Mohammad Emad Al Madadha
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Handan Ankarali
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Istanbul Medeniyet University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Cag
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul Medeniyet University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kubra Demir Onder
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, University of Health Sciences Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Aysegul Seremet-Keskin
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, University of Health Sciences Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Filiz Kizilates
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, University of Health Sciences Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Rok Čivljak
- Department for Respiratory Tract Infections, Dr. Fran Mihaljević University Hospital for infectious Diseases, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ghaydaa Shehata
- Department of Neurology, Assiut University Faculty of Medicine, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Handan Alay
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Ataturk University Faculty of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Sevil Alkan-Ceviker
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Onsekiz Mart University Faculty of Medicine, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Fatma Yilmaz-Karadag
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, University of Health Sciences Sancaktepe Şehit Prof. Dr Ilhank Varank Training and Research Hospital. İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Meliha Cagla-Sonmezer
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Dumitru Irina Magdelena
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital Constanta, Ovidius University of Constanta, Constanta, Romania
| | | | - Jurica Arapovic
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Clinical Hospital Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Fatma Kesmez-Can
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Ataturk University Faculty of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey
| | | | | | - Gulden Eser-Karlidag
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, University of Health Sciences Fethi Sekin City Hospital, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Reham Khedr
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, National Cancer Institute - Cairo University / Children Cancer Hospital Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mehmet Emirhan Isik
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, University of Health Sciences Kosuyolu Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Michael Mihailov Petrov
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of Plovdiv Faculty of Pharmacy, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Roxana Cernat
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital Constanta, Ovidius University of Constanta, Constanta, Romania
| | - Umran Erturk
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Bahrain Oncology Center, Bahrain
| | - Yesim Uygun-Kizmaz
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, University of Health Sciences Kosuyolu Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Eva Huljev
- Department for Respiratory Tract Infections, Dr. Fran Mihaljević University Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Fatma Amer
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mehmet Resat Ceylan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, MD. University of Harran Faculty of Medicine, Şanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Andrea Marino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Unit of Infectious diseases, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Gulnur Kul
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Kirikhan state Hospital, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Tuba Damar-Cakirca
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Şanliurfa training and research hospital, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Yara Mohsen Khalaf
- Department of epidemiology High institute of public health,Alexandria University Infectious Disease Clinical pharmacist, Antimicrobial stewardship department, International Medical Center Hospital, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Arzu Cennet Isik
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Health Sciences Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Olumuyiwa Elijah Ariyo
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Federal Teaching Hospital Ido-Ekiti, Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Ismail Necati Hakyemez
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Balikesir University Faculty of Medicine, Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Rezaul Karim Ripon
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Bangladesh
| | - Abdorrahim Afkhamzadeh
- Department of Community Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | | | | | - Maya Belitova
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital "Queen Giovanna"-ISUL, EAD, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Mustafa Altindis
- Department of Microbiology, Sakarya University Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Rehab El-Sokkary
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Recep Tekin
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Dicle University Faculty of Medicine, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Mohammed Ahmed Garout
- Department of Community Medicine and Health Care for Pilgrims, Umm Al-Qura University Faculty of Medicine, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Joanna Zajkowska
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfections, Medical University in Białystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Farhan Fazal
- Department of Medicine, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Mangalore, India
| | - Muhammed Bekcibasi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Bismil State Hospital, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Mirsada Hukic
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Institute for Biomedical Diagnostic and Research NALAZ, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Summiya Nizamuddin
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Serkan Surme
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, University of Health Sciences Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ricardo Fernandez
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, San Juan City Hospital, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Amani El-Kholy
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Cairo University Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nasim Akhtar
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saadia Ijaz
- Department of Pathology, Shalamar institute of health sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Andrea Cortegiani
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Science (Di.Chir.On.S.), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Meliha Meric-Koc
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Bezmialem Vakif University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hakan Hasman
- Department of Emergency, Ankara Medicalpark Private Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Agah Victor Maduka
- Department of microbiology, Ebonyi State University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Jehan Ali ElKholy
- Department of Anesthesia, Pain Management, Cairo University Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sema Sari
- Department of Intensive Care, Nigde Training and Research Hospital, Nigde, Turkey
| | - Mumtaz Ali Khan
- Department of Epidemiology and Disease Surveillance, National institute of health Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Yasemin Akin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Health Sciences Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sukran Kose
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
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Deng H, Khan MA, Liu X, Fu J, Mei Z. Identification of SCAR markers for genetic authentication of Dendrobium nobile Lindl. BRAZ J BIOL 2022; 82:e260394. [PMID: 35674573 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.260394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendrobium nobile Lindl. is an orcid plant with important medicinal values. This is a colourful houseplant, and also a popular herb in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The variants of this plant from different geographic regions might be high, and in this study, we aimed to develop specific sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers for the identification of specific variant of this plant. Different cultivars of D. nobile were collected from nine different places of China, and one cultivar from Myanmar. DNA materials were extracted from the plant samples, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) were developed, cloned and sequenced for the development of SCAR markers. We have developed four SCAR markers, which are specific to the cultivar from Luzhou China, and clearly distinguishable (genetically) from other cultivars. These SCAR markers are deposited in GenBank (accession number MZ417502, MZ484089, MZ417504 and MZ417505). Four SCAR markers for D. nobile are effective molecular technique to genetically identify the different cultivars or species, and this method is applicable for genetic characterization and identification of other plant species too.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Deng
- Southwest Medical University, The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - M A Khan
- Southwest Medical University, The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - X Liu
- Southwest Medical University, The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - J Fu
- Southwest Medical University, The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Z Mei
- Southwest Medical University, The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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Alzahrani MA, Alkhamees M, Almutairi S, Abumelha SM, Khan MA, Aljaziri ZY, Althunayyan FA, Ahmad MS, Hakami BO. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on quality of partner relationship and sexual activity among COVID positive males: a cross sectional study. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:4431-4439. [PMID: 35776044 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202206_29082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our aim was to assess sexual activity, partner relationships among males who had been infected with COVID-19, to study the impact of COVID-19 infection on partner relationship and to find out the association between partner and sexual relationship during lockdown. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross sectional study was conducted in Saudi Arabia through social media platforms via online questionnaire between December 1, 2020 and January 31, 2021 among 871 participants after a pilot study among 20 participants of which 497 were included in the study. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 20.0 (IBM Inc., Armonk, NY, USA). Responses were presented as frequencies and percentages and the association was studied using Chi squared test/Fisher's exact test. The value of p ≤ .05 was considered significant. RESULTS Out of the total study participants, nearly 85% of them belonged to the age range of 18 to 39 years, more than half of the participants were married. In the six months prior to the study being conducted, 268 respondents (53.9%) did not have sexual relationships. Respondents with positive COVID-19 infection reported that their partner lived with them in the same house during home isolation and was also found to be significantly associated with having intact sexual relationships in the last six months of the lockdown period (p-value < .001). Moreover, respondents who reported having good relationships with their partners during the pandemic were found to be significantly associated with having intact sexual relationships during the pandemic lockdown (p-value < .001). CONCLUSIONS Among the COVID-19-positive respondents, sexual activity and partner relationships were largely found to be intact during the pandemic lockdown period.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Alzahrani
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah, Saudi Arabia.
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Kumar A, Mohapatra S, Pius A, Sharma R, Khan MA, Kumar N, Chakrawarty A, Vishwakarma VK, Nischal N, Ranjan P, Soneja M, Wig N. Activity of Fosfomycin Against The Spectrum of Uropathogens Causing Cystitis. CDTH 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1574885517666220307114146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most frequent bacterial infections, commonly seen in females. High degree of antimicrobial resistance in uropathogens has challenged the use of therapeutic agents. Fosfomycin which is an old antibiotic with distinctive characteristics, seems to be a promising novel therapeutic agent with a good bactericidal activity towards multi-drug resistant (MDR) uropathogens.
Objective:
The main objective of the study is to evaluate the antibacterial activity of fosfomycin among uropathogens causing cystitis.
Methods:
The study was carried out between 2017-2018. A total of 2060 UTI suspects from outpatient department (OPDs) and inpatient department (IPDs) were screened. Out of 2060 screened patients 1658 were IPD patients and 402 were OPD patients. Patient’s midstream urine samples were collected aseptically and processed according to standard protocols. The frequency of extended-spectrum-beta lactamases (ESBLs) producer and carbapenem resistance were estimated respectively. Cultures with significant growth of uropathogens were identified and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) to fosfomycin was determined by agar dilution (AD) and by E-test methods.
Results:
184 out of 2060 (8.9%) urine samples showed significant growth of uropathogens. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) (64%,118/184) was found to be the mostly isolated uropathogen. Among these Gram-negative uropathogens, 80% were ESBLs producers, 43.2% were carbapenem-resistant and 78% isolates were found to be MDR. The fosfomycin susceptibility for UPEC was 95% by AD method.
Conclusions:
This study suggests that Fosfomycin is reasonably effective and can be used in the treatment of MDR uropathogens along with uncomplicated UTIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind Kumar
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi-110029. India
| | - Sarita Mohapatra
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi-110029. India
| | - Aswin Pius
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi-110029. India
| | - Rohini Sharma
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi-110029. India
| | - MA Khan
- Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi-110029. India
| | - Nikhil Kumar
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi-110029. India
| | - Avinash Chakrawarty
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi-110029. India
| | - Vishal Kumar Vishwakarma
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi-110029. India
| | - Neeraj Nischal
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi-110029. India
| | - Piyush Ranjan
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi-110029. India
| | - Manish Soneja
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi-110029. India
| | - Naveet Wig
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi-110029. India
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Tariq M, Rabbani I, Yousaf MS, Khan IU, Zaneb H, Iqbal S, Khan AZ, Shakirullah S, Khan MS, Rehman AU, Khan MA. Response of Cryopreserved Nili Ravi Buffalo Bull Semen to Gallic Acid Inclusion in Semen Extender. PAK J ZOOL 2022. [DOI: 10.17582/journal.pjz/20190116150135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Khan MA, Pogonchenkova IV, Vybornov DY, Talkowski EM, Kuyantseva LV, Tarasov NI, Koroteev VV. [Medical rehabilitation for children with scoliosis]. Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult 2022; 99:57-66. [PMID: 35981343 DOI: 10.17116/kurort20229904157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The article presents a literature review on the prevalence, relevance, social significance, and principles of medical rehabilitation of children with different types of scoliosis in scoliotic disease. The current classification, diagnostics features, and clinical course of the disease are addressed. Current approaches to the choice of medical rehabilitation methods for scoliotic disease in children are described: therapeutic exercise, hydrokinesiotherapy, massage, physiotherapeutic treatment, kinesiotaping, and corseting. Special consideration is given to postoperative management and stages of medical rehabilitation of children with scoliosis, including resort treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Khan
- Moscow Centre for Research & Practice in Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - I V Pogonchenkova
- Moscow Centre for Research & Practice in Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - D Yu Vybornov
- Children's Municipal Clinical Hospital named after N.F. Filatov, Moscow, Russia
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - E M Talkowski
- Moscow Centre for Research & Practice in Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - L V Kuyantseva
- Moscow Centre for Research & Practice in Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - N I Tarasov
- Children's Municipal Clinical Hospital named after N.F. Filatov, Moscow, Russia
| | - V V Koroteev
- Children's Municipal Clinical Hospital named after N.F. Filatov, Moscow, Russia
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Ali M, Avais M, Naheed R, Jamal MA, Hasni MS, Ahmad M, Khan MA, Baloch S, Khan AU, Khan S, Aqib AI. Synergy in penicillin, cephalosporin, amphenicols, and aminoglycoside against MDR S. aureus isolated from Camel milk. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e20324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mahboob Ali
- Animal Sciences Institute Livestock, Pakistan
| | | | | | | | | | - Mehtab Ahmad
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | | | | | | | | | - Amjad Islam Aqib
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
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Khan SB, Khan MA, Ahmad I, Khan FA, Khan H, Khan SA. Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistant Genes in Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Bovine Mastitis. PAK J ZOOL 2022. [DOI: 10.17582/journal.pjz/20200403170447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Khan B, Ullah A, Khan MA, Amin A, Iqbal M, Khan S, Ateeq M, Aman K, Aziz A, Khattak MNK, Nadeem T, Munir N, Khan S, Ali Q. Anti-hyperglycemic and anti-hyperlipidemic effects of a methanolic extract of Debregeasia salicifolia in Alloxan-induced diabetic albino mice. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 84:e251046. [PMID: 34932675 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.251046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM), an endocrine syndrome characterized by high blood glucose levels due to abrogated insulin activity. The existing treatments for DM have side effects and varying degrees of efficacy. Therefore, it is paramount that novel approaches be developed to enhance the management of DM. Therapeutic plants have been accredited as having comparatively high efficacy with fewer adverse effects. The current study aims to elucidate the phytochemical profile, anti-hyperlipidemic, and anti-diabetic effects of methanolic extract D. salicifolia (leaves) in Alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Alloxan was injected intraperitoneally (150 mg kg-1, b.w), to induced diabetes in mice. The mice were divided into three groups (n=10). Group 1 (normal control) received normal food and purified water, Group II (diabetic control) received regular feed and clean water and group III (diabetic treated) received a methanolic extract of the plant (300 mg kg-1) for 28 days with a typical diet and clean water throughout the experiment. Blood samples were collected to checked serum glucose and concentration of LDL, TC, TG. The extract demonstrated significant antihyperglycemic activity (P<0.05), whereas improvements in mice's body weight and lipid profiles were observed after treatment with the extract. This study establishes that the extract has high efficacy with comparatively less toxicity that can be used for DM management.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Khan
- Dalian Medical University Liaoning, Department of Physiology, Dalian, China
| | - A Ullah
- Department of Health and Biological Sciences, Abasyn University Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - M A Khan
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Division of Life Science, Center for Cancer Research and State Key Lab for Molecular Neuroscience, Clear Water Bay, China
| | - A Amin
- Hong Kong Baptist University, School of Chinese Medicine and Department of Biology, Hong Kong, China
| | - M Iqbal
- Department of Botany, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women university Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - S Khan
- Institute of microbiology and biotechnology, Bacha Khan University Charsada
| | - M Ateeq
- Institute of biological sciences, Sarhad university of science and information technology Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - K Aman
- Department of Health and Biological Sciences, Abasyn University Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - A Aziz
- Institute of biological sciences, Sarhad university of science and information technology Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - M N K Khattak
- University of Sharjah, Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - T Nadeem
- University of the Punjab, Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - N Munir
- Center of biotechnology and microbiology, University of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - S Khan
- Department of biotechnology, university of swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - Q Ali
- The University of Lahore, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
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Saydam FN, Erdem H, Ankarali H, El-Arab Ramadan ME, El-Sayed NM, Civljak R, Pshenichnaya N, Moroti RV, Mahmuodabad FM, Maduka AV, Mahboob A, Prakash Kumari PH, Stebel R, Cernat R, Fasanekova L, Uysal S, Tasbakan M, Arapović J, Magdalena DI, Angamuthu K, Ghanem-Zoubi N, Meric-Koc M, Ruch Y, Marino A, Sadykova A, Batirel A, Khan EA, Kulzhanova S, Al-Moghazi S, Yegemberdiyeva R, Nicastri E, Pandak N, Akhtar N, Ozer-Balin S, Cascio A, Dimzova M, Evren H, Puca E, Tokayeva A, Vecchi M, Bozkurt I, Dogan M, Dirani N, Duisenova A, Khan MA, Kotsev S, Obradovic Z, Del Vecchio RF, Almajid F, Barac A, Dragovac G, Pishmisheva-Peleva M, Rahman MT, Rahman T, Le Marechal M, Cag Y, Ikram A, Rodriguez-Morales AJ. Vector-borne and zoonotic infections and their relationships with regional and socioeconomic statuses: An ID-IRI survey in 24 countries of Europe, Africa and Asia. Travel Med Infect Dis 2021; 44:102174. [PMID: 34699956 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2021.102174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this cross-sectional, international study, we aimed to analyze vector-borne and zoonotic infections (VBZI), which are significant global threats. METHOD VBZIs' data between May 20-28, 2018 was collected. The 24 Participatingcountries were classified as lower-middle, upper-middle, and high-income. RESULTS 382 patients were included. 175(45.8%) were hospitalized, most commonly in Croatia, Egypt, and Romania(P = 0.001). There was a significant difference between distributions of VBZIs according to geographical regions(P < 0.001). Amebiasis, Ancylostomiasis, Blastocystosis, Cryptosporidiosis, Giardiasis, Toxoplasmosis were significantly more common in the Middle-East while Bartonellosis, Borreliosis, Cat Scratch Disease, Hantavirus syndrome, Rickettsiosis, Campylobacteriosis, Salmonellosis in Central/East/South-East Europe; Brucellosis and Echinococcosis in Central/West Asia; Campylobacteriosis, Chikungunya, Tick-borne encephalitis, Visceral Leishmaniasis, Salmonellosis, Toxoplasmosis in the North-Mediterranean; CCHF, Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, Dengue, Malaria, Taeniasis, Salmonellosis in Indian Subcontinent; Lassa Fever in West Africa. There were significant regional differences for viral hemorrhagic fevers(P < 0.001) and tick-borne infections(P < 0.001), and according to economic status for VBZIs(P < 0.001). The prevalences of VBZIs were significantly higher in lower-middle income countries(P = 0.001). The most similar regions were the Indian Subcontinent and the Middle-East, the Indian Subcontinent and the North-Mediterranean, and the Middle-East and North-Mediterranean regions. CONCLUSIONS Regional and socioeconomic heterogeneity still exists for VBZIs. Control and eradication of VBZIs require evidence-based surveillance data, and multidisciplinary efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Nurhayat Saydam
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Yuksek Ihtisas University, Faculty of Medicine, Batikent Medical Park Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hakan Erdem
- ID-IRI Lead Coordinator, Ankara, Turkey; Department of Infectious Diseases, Bahrain Oncology Center, King Hamad University Hospital, Busaiteen, 24343, Bahrain.
| | - Handan Ankarali
- Istanbul Medeniyet University, School of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | | | - Rok Civljak
- "Dr. Fran Mihaljevic" University Hospital for Infectious Diseases, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Ruxandra Valentina Moroti
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases 'Matei Bals', and 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy', Bucharest, Romania
| | | | | | - Amjad Mahboob
- Gajju Khan Medical College/Bacha Khan Medical Complex, Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | | | - Roman Stebel
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Czech Republic
| | - Roxana Cernat
- Clinical Infectious Disease Hospital Constanta, Ovidius University of Constanta, Romania
| | - Lenka Fasanekova
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Czech Republic
| | - Serhat Uysal
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Firat University Faculty of Medicine, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Meltem Tasbakan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Ege University Medical School, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Jurica Arapović
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Mostar University Clinical Hospital, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | | | | | | | - Meliha Meric-Koc
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Bezmialem Vakif University, Hospital of Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yvon Ruch
- Strasbourg University Hospital (Nouvel Hôpital Civil - Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Strasbourg), Strasbourg, France
| | - Andrea Marino
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, Italy
| | - Ainur Sadykova
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Ayse Batirel
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, University of Health Sciences, Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ejaz Ahmed Khan
- Shifa Tameer-E-Millat University, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sholpan Kulzhanova
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Astana Medical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Samir Al-Moghazi
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani IRCCS, Italy
| | - Ravilya Yegemberdiyeva
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Emanuele Nicastri
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani IRCCS, Italy
| | | | - Nasim Akhtar
- Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, G-8/3, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Safak Ozer-Balin
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Firat University, Faculty of Medicine, Elazıg, Turkey
| | - Antonio Cascio
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE) - Infectious Disease Unit, Policlinico "P. Giaccone", University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Marija Dimzova
- Clinic for Infectious Diseases and Febrile Conditions, Medical University, Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Hakan Evren
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, University of Kyrenia, Kyrenia, Cyprus
| | | | - Alma Tokayeva
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Ilkay Bozkurt
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ondokuz Mayis University, School of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Dogan
- Namik Kemal University, Faculty of Medicine, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Natalia Dirani
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Dar Al Amal University Hospital, Douris, Baalbak, Lebanon
| | - Amangul Duisenova
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Stanislav Kotsev
- Pazardzhik Multiprofile Hospital for Active Treatment, Department of Infectious Diseases, Bulgaria
| | - Zarema Obradovic
- Faculty for Health Studies University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | | | | | - Aleksandra Barac
- Clinic for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Gorana Dragovac
- Centre of Disease Prevention and Control, Institute of Public Health of Vojvodina, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Maria Pishmisheva-Peleva
- Pazardzhik Multiprofile Hospital for Active Treatment, Department of Infectious Diseases, Bulgaria
| | - Md Tanvir Rahman
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | | | - Marion Le Marechal
- Grenoble Alpes University, CHUGA, Infectious Diseases Department, 38043, Grenoble, France
| | - Yasemin Cag
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aamer Ikram
- National Institute of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Alfonso J Rodriguez-Morales
- Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia; Master of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Perú
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Berridge CT, Bhugalee SBN, Jothimuruga S, Khan MA. 682 Pre-clinic mpMRI Prostate for Suspected Localised Significant Prostate Cancer – Incidental Findings and Outcomes. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab259.1088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
Two week wait pathways demand rapid investigation of patients with suspected prostate cancer. To facilitate this, mpMRI prostate imaging is now routinely organised for patients whom meet specific criteria, without prior physical review by an urologist. We sought to establish what incidental findings were amongst this patient group and whether management was affected.
Method
All patients referred between 1/4/2019 – 30/4/20 on a suspected prostate cancer pathway to the Leicester General Hospital were included with those coded to have had pre-clinic MRI selected.
Results
During this period 1487 patients were referred on the pathway of which 482 were coded as having has pre-clinic MRI. 8 patients were excluded due to incorrect coding leaving 474 to be analysed. 121 patients had incidental findings mentioned in the report, of these a higher proportion did not have prostate cancer (69%). There were just 11 (2%) significant findings that required further investigation or intervention. These included colorectal lesions, primary bone lesions, suspected bladder cancers and urinary tract calculi. Of this group 3 patients had prostate cancer. Of note 13% of these patients were noted to have diverticular disease and 6% had herniae noted although none required emergent treatment. In this series 32% of patients were confirmed to have prostate cancer with 67.1% of MRI scan reported as PIRADS 3-5.
Conclusions
Pre-clinic MRI prostate facilitates rapid investigation for suspected prostate cancer. There is a small chance of establishing a significant incidental finding which is slightly more common in the non-cancer group.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Berridge
- Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | | | - S Jothimuruga
- Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - M A Khan
- Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
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Cheng L, Cantalapiedra-Hijar G, Meale SJ, Rugoho I, Jonker A, Khan MA, Al-Marashdeh O, Dewhurst RJ. Review: Markers and proxies to monitor ruminal function and feed efficiency in young ruminants. Animal 2021; 15:100337. [PMID: 34537442 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2021.100337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing the rumen's capacity to utilise recalcitrant and low-value feed resources is important for ruminant production systems. Early-life nutrition and management practices have been shown to influence development of the rumen in young animals with long-term consequences on their performance. Therefore, there has been increasing interest to understand ruminal development and function in young ruminants to improve feed efficiency, health, welfare, and performance of both young and adult ruminants. However, due to the small size, rapid morphological changes and low initial microbial populations of the rumen, it is difficult to study ruminal function in young ruminants without major invasive approaches or slaughter studies. In this review, we discuss the usefulness of a range of proxies and markers to monitor ruminal function and nitrogen use efficiency (a major part of feed efficiency) in young ruminants. Breath sulphide and methane emissions showed the greatest potential as simple markers of a developing microbiota in young ruminants. However, there is only limited evidence for robust indicators of feed efficiency at this stage. The use of nitrogen isotopic discrimination based on plasma samples appeared to be the most promising proxy for feed efficiency in young ruminants. More research is needed to explore and refine potential proxies and markers to indicate ruminal function and feed efficiency in young ruminants, particularly for neonatal ruminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Cheng
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Dookie Campus, 3647 Victoria, Australia.
| | - G Cantalapiedra-Hijar
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Herbivores, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - S J Meale
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Queensland, Gatton, 4343 Queensland, Australia
| | - I Rugoho
- Lely Australia Pty Ltd, 84 Agar Drive, Truganina 3029, Victoria, Australia
| | - A Jonker
- AgResearch Limited, Grasslands Research Centre, Private Bag 11008, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
| | - M A Khan
- AgResearch Limited, Grasslands Research Centre, Private Bag 11008, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
| | - O Al-Marashdeh
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, P.O. Box 85084, Lincoln, New Zealand
| | - R J Dewhurst
- Scotland's Rural College, King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, United Kingdom
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Savul S, Ikram A, Khan MA, Khan MA. EVALUATION OF INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL TRAINING WORKSHOPS USING KIRKPATRICK'S MODEL. Int J Infect Dis 2021; 112:76-80. [PMID: 34508862 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate infection prevention and control (IPC) training workshops using Kirkpatrick model level 1 and 2 regarding satisfaction of trainees and improvement of their knowledge and skills. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on 353 healthcare workers from January 2020 to March 2020, at four hospitals in Islamabad, Pakistan. Training feedback questionnaires and pre and post tests were employed for data collection. The authors analyzed data using SPSS version 25. RESULTS The majority (52%) of participants rated the trainings as "Excellent", 44% rated "Good" while 2% graded "Average". Pre and post-tests mean scores demonstrated statistically significant improvement in knowledge and skills (p< 0.001). CONCLUSION The training workshops significantly improved healthcare workers' knowledge and skills regarding Infection Prevention and Control and earned high satisfaction scores from the trainees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Savul
- National Institute of Health, Park Road, Chak Shahzad, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Aamer Ikram
- National Institute of Health, Park Road, Chak Shahzad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Mumtaz Ali Khan
- National Institute of Health, Park Road, Chak Shahzad, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Muzaffar R, Khan MA, Mushtaq MH, Nasir M, Khan A, Haq IU, Muhammad J. Hyperhomocysteinemia as an Independent Risk Factor for Coronary Heart Disease. Comparison with Conventional Risk Factors. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e249104. [PMID: 34495168 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.249104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate the strength of association of raised plasma homocysteine concentration as a risk factor for coronary heart disease independent of conventional risk factor. It was a case control study conducted at Punjab Institute of Cardiology Lahore. A total of 210 subjects aged 25 to 60 years comprising of 105 newly admitted patients of CHD as cases and 105 age and sex matched healthy individuals with no history of CHD as control were recruited for the study. Fasting blood samples were obtained from cases and controls. Plasma homocysteine was analyzed by fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) method on automated immunoassay analyzer (Abbott IMX). Total cholesterol, triglyceride and HDL cholesterol were analyzed using calorimetric kit methods. The concentration of LDL cholesterol was calculated using Friedewald formula. The patients were also assessed for traditional risk factors such as age, sex, family history of CVD, hypertension, smoking and physical activity, and were compared with control subjects. The collected data was entered in SPSS version 24 for analysis and interpretation.The mean age in controls and experimental groups were 43.00± 8.42 years and 44.72± 8.59 years with statistically same distribution (p- value= 0.144). The mean plasma homocysteine for cases was 22.33± 9.22 µmol/L where as it was 12.59±3.73 µmol/L in control group. Highly significant difference was seen between the mean plasma level of homocysteine in cases and controls (p˂0.001).Simple logistic regression indicates a strong association of coronary heart disease with hyperhomocysteinemia (OR 7.45), which remained significantly associated with coronary heart disease by multivariate logistic regression (OR 7.10, 95%C1 3.12-12.83, p=0.000). The present study concludes that elevated levels of Plasma homocysteine is an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease independent of conventional risk factors and can be used as an indicator for predicting the future possibility for the onset of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Muzaffar
- Rashid Latif Medical College, Department of Nutritional Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M A Khan
- University of Lahore, Department of Public Health, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M H Mushtaq
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Nasir
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Khan
- The University of Haripur, Department of Public Health & Nutrition, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - I Ul Haq
- The University of Haripur, Department of Public Health & Nutrition, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - J Muhammad
- The University of Haripur, Department of Microbiology, Haripur, Pakistan
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Ullah Z, Mahmood S, Iqbal Z, Khan J, Akhtar N, Khan MA, Arif M, Khan RA, Khan MF, Saira, Qureshi BUD, Aksar N, Yasmin S. Habitat selection by Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus) in Siran and Kaghan Valleys, Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e247890. [PMID: 34468530 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.247890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Asiatic black bear is present in variety of habitats like broad-leaves and coniferous forests, extending form sea level to 4300m elevation and change their habitat for food purpose seasonally. The present study was conducted at Kaghan and Siran Valleys, District Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan to assess habitat of black bear. Line transect method was used for observation of bear signs. Twelve meter circular radius plots were selected for the concern vegetation's i.e. (trees, shrubs and herbs) and three to six plots were placed in each transect. At the result of sign survey, thirteen different categories of bear signs were recorded and encounter rate was calculated for each sign. A total of 1858 signs were observed during field surveys. Total (81%) coniferous species were recoded among trees, with the highest appearance of Pinus wallichiana (34.22%) and Spruce spp (27.76%), similarly broad leaves trees (18.56%) were also recoded from habitat plots. Most of the signs were encountered in bushy areas, whereas high number of Viburnum Spp (60.29%) was present. It is indicated that black bear prefers blend of Coniferous Trees, Viburnum and Ferns Species; probably because these plants provide enough food, protection, and meticulous shelter because more than 80% of habitat composed of these three species. Currently habitat destruction and increase in human population are the up-growing issues for wild animals (especially Asiatic black bear), which is highly sensitive to such problems. High levels of conservation efforts are recommended for the protection of black bear habitat and to avoid human interference in their territory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Ullah
- Hazara University Sub Campus Battagram, Department of Zoology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - S Mahmood
- Hazara University Mansehra, Department of Zoology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Z Iqbal
- Hazara University Mansehra, Department of Botany, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - J Khan
- Hazara University Mansehra, Department of Zoology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - N Akhtar
- Hazara University Sub Campus Battagram, Department of Zoology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - M A Khan
- Sustainable Forest Management Project, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - M Arif
- Sustainable Forest Management Project, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - R A Khan
- Hazara University Mansehra, Department of Zoology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - M F Khan
- Hazara University Mansehra, Department of Zoology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Saira
- University of Swabi, Department of Zoology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - B U D Qureshi
- Government Degree College Athmuqam, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - N Aksar
- Hazara University Mansehra, Department of Zoology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - S Yasmin
- Hazara University Mansehra, Department of Zoology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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van Keulen P, McCoard SA, Dijkstra J, Swansson H, Khan MA. Effect of postpartum collection time and colostrum quality on passive transfer of immunity, performance, and small intestinal development in preweaning calves. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:11931-11944. [PMID: 34419279 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-19813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of postpartum collection time and quality of colostrum fed to calves on the failure of passive transfer, growth, and small intestine development in the first 5 wk of life. Newborn calves (Holstein-Friesian × Jersey) were identified at birth and collected either early (E; within 12 h postpartum; n = 20) or late (L; 18-24 h postpartum; n = 20) and fed either high-quality colostrum [HQC, first milking colostrum with Brix% = 23 ± standard deviation (SD) 2] or low-quality colostrum (LQC, mixed colostrum and transition milk with Brix% = 12 ± 1) to create 4 treatments: E-HQC, E-LQC, L-HQC, and L-LQC (n = 10/treatment). After collection, calves (body weight = 32.3 ± 4.6 kg/calf) were fed either HQC or LQC (7.5% of their arrival body weight per feed) for the first 3 (L calves) or 4 feedings (E calves). All calves were then managed and fed similarly using automatic feeders which recorded individual intake of milk replacer and calf starter. Blood samples were taken at d 1 (after collection from dams but before colostrum feeding), 4, 14, and 35 of age to analyze selected metabolites. All calves were killed at d 35 ± 2 of age and histomorphology of duodenum, jejunum, and ileum was evaluated. At collection, 75% of E calves and 58% of L calves had serum total protein ≤52 g/L. At d 4 of age, calves fed HQC had greater serum total protein than calves fed LQC; however, failure of passive transfer (serum total protein ≤52 g/L) incidence did not differ between HQC and LQC. Collection time did not affect the scouring duration, but the amount of electrolyte used to treat sick calves was lower in L versus E calves, whereas feeding HQC versus LQC lowered both the scouring duration and electrolyte use to treat sick calves. Calves fed HQC had a greater total surface area of the duodenum (+23%) and jejunum (+17%) compared with LQC calves. Duodenal crypts were deeper in E-LQC calves than E-HQC and L-HQC calves, whereas L-LQC calves were intermediate. Villus height to crypt depth ratio in duodenum, jejunum, and ileum was greater in HQC than LQC calves. A trend toward greater average daily gain was observed in HQC versus LQC calves (667 vs. 590 g/d) but the average daily gain was not influenced by collection time. Serum IGF-1 at d 4 was higher in HQC versus LQC calves and this might have contributed to greater average daily gain and small intestine development. Calves fed HQC had higher feed conversion ratios (FCR; total body weight gain/total dry matter intake) compared with LQC calves, and L calves had higher FCR compared with E calves. In conclusion, in comparison to feeding LQC, feeding HQC reduced the scouring duration, enhanced surface area of duodenum and jejunum, and improved FCR during the first 5 wk of calf age. Postpartum collection time of calves did not affect small intestine development, but L calves had higher FCR and required a lesser volume of electrolytes to treat scours compared with E calves during the first 35 d of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- P van Keulen
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology Team, AgResearch Ltd., Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen University and Research, 6700 AH Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - S A McCoard
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology Team, AgResearch Ltd., Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - J Dijkstra
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology Team, AgResearch Ltd., Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - H Swansson
- Animal Health Team, AgResearch Ltd., Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - M A Khan
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology Team, AgResearch Ltd., Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
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Jamil T, Khan AU, Saqib M, Hussain MH, Melzer F, Rehman A, Shabbir MZ, Khan MA, Ali S, Shahzad A, Khan I, Iqbal M, Ullah Q, Ahmad W, Mansoor MK, Neubauer H, Schwarz S. Animal and Human Brucellosis in Pakistan. Front Public Health 2021; 9:660508. [PMID: 34395357 PMCID: PMC8362930 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.660508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis is a bacterial zoonotic disease that affects many animal species and can be transmitted to humans via direct contact or via contaminated food. Although brucellosis is a serious health hazard, its public health concern has been neglected in many countries. In some developing countries, such as Pakistan, where brucellosis is endemic, this disease continues to be of importance. A literature search for the past 11 years (2011–2021) provided a comprehensive insight into brucellosis in Pakistan. In this review, particular emphasis was placed on occurrence, diagnostic tests used, and prevention, treatment, and control in the context of the “One Health” approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq Jamil
- Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Jena, Germany.,Institute of Microbiology and Epizootics, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Aman Ullah Khan
- Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Jena, Germany.,Section of Microbiology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saqib
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Falk Melzer
- Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Jena, Germany
| | - Abdul Rehman
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Mumtaz Ali Khan
- Field Epidemiology and Disease Survillence Division, National Institute of Health (NIH), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shahzad Ali
- Wildlife Epidemiology and Molecular Microbiology Laboratory (One Health Research Group), Discipline of Zoology, Department of Wildlife & Ecology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Asim Shahzad
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Iahtasham Khan
- Section of Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mudassar Iqbal
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Qudrat Ullah
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
| | - Waqas Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Narowal, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khalid Mansoor
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Heinrich Neubauer
- Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Jena, Germany
| | - Stefan Schwarz
- Institute of Microbiology and Epizootics, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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48
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Ahmed S, Qadir A, Khan MA, Khan T, Zafar M. Assessment of groundwater intrinsic vulnerability using GIS-based DRASTIC method in District Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Environ Monit Assess 2021; 193:487. [PMID: 34245365 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09263-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The stress on the freshwater resources of the planet earth has led the United Nations to add a goal regarding clean water in sustainable development goals list in order to address the global availability of clean water. The widespread use of fertilizers and industrial effluents caused the groundwater contamination in the Haripur District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. To investigate and assess the vulnerability of groundwater to contamination, geographic information system (GIS)-based DRASTIC model has been employed. The DRASTIC index values lie between 88 and 190. The lower the DI value, the lower will be the susceptibility towards pollution and vice versa. The indices were classified into five zones, i.e., low (< 109), medium (110-129), moderate (130-149), high (150-169), and very high vulnerable zones (> 170) on the basis of equal intervals. The low vulnerable zone covers almost 6% of the study area, i.e., 118 km2. Medium vulnerable zone encompasses an area of approximately 23%, i.e., 506 km2. The moderate vulnerable zone is the largest in the district covering almost 965 km2, approximately 45% of the study area. The high and very high vulnerable zone encompasses almost 23% and 3% of the study area which means 506 km2 and 66 km2 respectively. A spatial distribution map was generated for nitrate concentration to validate the DRASTIC indices. The results demonstrate a fair relation between groundwater susceptibility and spatial nitrate distribution. This index map will provide a baseline study for this area to develop the safe zones for groundwater exploitation and controlling the current state of deterioration of environmental norms. The areas of high vulnerability are the firsthand task to improve the current situation of crisis especially in the southern parts such as the Hattar industrial area and its surroundings drained by those effluents. These further need specific tasks to restore and reclaim the polluted ecosystem by using proper technological solutions for disposal of these effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohail Ahmed
- Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences, Bahria University, E-8, Shangrilla Road, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Anwar Qadir
- Department of Earth Sciences, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Mumtaz Ali Khan
- Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences, Bahria University, E-8, Shangrilla Road, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Tahseenullah Khan
- Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences, Bahria University, E-8, Shangrilla Road, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zafar
- Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences, Bahria University, E-8, Shangrilla Road, Islamabad, Pakistan
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49
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Malik MW, Ikram A, Safdar RM, Ansari JA, Khan MA, Rathore TR, Ashraf N, Basry R, Waqar W, Tahir MA, Qamar MA, Ahmed H. Use of public health emergency operations center (PH-EOC) and adaptation of incident management system (IMS) for efficient inter-sectoral coordination and collaboration for effective control of Dengue fever outbreak in Pakistan - 2019. Acta Trop 2021; 219:105910. [PMID: 33831344 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.105910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Public Health Emergency Operations Center (PH-EOC) and Incident Management System (IMS) provides a platform for inter-sectoral coordination, and collaboration to enhance efficiency of response activities and help in effective control of disease outbreaks. Dengue fever (DF) is an emerging serious public health threat with a potential to transform into a public health emergency. Pakistan faced a heavy outbreak of Dengue fever (DF) from August to December 2019. National Institute of Health (NIH), Islamabad activated its Public Health Emergency Operations Center (PH-EOC) with an objective to implement principles and practices of IMS for control of the outbreak. The challenges during inter-sectoral collaboration for response activities were also identified. PH-EOC was activated on 16th September 2019, and remained operational for next 81 days till 05th December 2019. Incident management structure, incident action plan (IAP), and risk communication plan was developed and executed during this phase. Daily morning and evening meetings were held during all operational days. Federal and provincial health departments, district health offices (DHO), and government/private hospitals were coordinated for collection of the data pertaining to Dengue confirmed cases and deaths. As of 05th December 2019, a total of 52,877 confirmed Dengue cases were reported from all across Pakistan with maximum cases reported from Rawalpindi and Islamabad collectively i.e. 20,988 (40%), followed by Karachi 14,768 (28%), and Peshawar 2,699 (5%), while AJK reported 1,690 (3%). A total of 92 deaths happened all across Pakistan, out of which 43 (47%) happened in Karachi, 23 (25%) in Rawalpindi, and 22 (24%) in Islamabad. The response was coordinated through NIH based PH-EOC, but was carried out by relevant federal and provincial district health offices, vector surveillance programs, dengue control programs and sanitation departments respectively. As a part of response plan, vector surveillance, larva source management, and insecticidal spraying i.e. both fogging and indoor residual spraying activities were carried out in hotspots or the areas where confirmed cases were reported. Sanitation departments daily reported the removal of additional 80-100 ton of solid waste from hotspot areas. Hospitals were coordinated for reporting of isolation of DF patients and provision of quality clinical management for admitted patients. The International Federation for Red Cross/Crescent conducted community awareness, and covered 28,800 households in affected areas of Islamabad. Conversely, the DF outbreak was controlled 02-03 weeks ahead of previous years trends. All the coordinated activities were incorporated in a daily situation report (SitRep) and this was widely distributed among all the stakeholders through emails. Additionally, the data was displayed on the dashboard in PH-EOC. The data dashboard at PH-EOC served as an information management hub that visually mapped, tracked, analyzed, and displayed clusters of DF cases and hotspots. Accordingly, SitRep substantiated as the main reporting tool to monitor response activities initiated by rapid response teams at the national and subnational level. The inter-sectoral coordinating efforts made among concerned line departments resulted in a timely response leading to effective handling of a national public health threat. The information distilled from this experience was that the early and judicious activation of PH-EOC with adaptation of IMS under decision making leadership resulted in a well-managed and prompt response executed by different departments/stakeholders, and effective control of the outbreak before its transformation into a public health event/emergency of national or international concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Wasif Malik
- National Institute of Health (NIH), Islamabad, Pakistan; Field Epidemiology & Disease Surveillance Division, National Institute of Health (NIH), Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Aamer Ikram
- National Institute of Health (NIH), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rana Muhammad Safdar
- National Institute of Health (NIH), Islamabad, Pakistan; Field Epidemiology & Disease Surveillance Division, National Institute of Health (NIH), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Jamil Ahmed Ansari
- Field Epidemiology & Disease Surveillance Division, National Institute of Health (NIH), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mumtaz Ali Khan
- Field Epidemiology & Disease Surveillance Division, National Institute of Health (NIH), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Tayyab Razzi Rathore
- Field Epidemiology & Disease Surveillance Division, National Institute of Health (NIH), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Nosheen Ashraf
- Field Epidemiology & Disease Surveillance Division, National Institute of Health (NIH), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Basry
- Field Epidemiology & Disease Surveillance Division, National Institute of Health (NIH), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Wajiha Waqar
- Field Epidemiology & Disease Surveillance Division, National Institute of Health (NIH), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Majid Ali Tahir
- Field Epidemiology & Disease Surveillance Division, National Institute of Health (NIH), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Akram Qamar
- Field Epidemiology & Disease Surveillance Division, National Institute of Health (NIH), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Haroon Ahmed
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Park Road, Chakh shshzad, Islamabad, Pakistan
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50
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Sundaram MK, Khan MA, Alalami U, Somvanshi P, Bhardwaj T, Pramodh S, Raina R, Shekfeh Z, Haque S, Hussain A. Phytochemicals induce apoptosis by modulation of nitric oxide signaling pathway in cervical cancer cells. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 24:11827-11844. [PMID: 33275255 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202011_23840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nitric Oxide (NO) is produced by NO synthases (NOS) and is a key signaling molecule that regulates tumorigenesis, both aiding and alleviating it. Elevated NO levels are cytotoxic to cancer cells, making NOS an important target for cancer treatment. In the present study, the modulatory effects of the phytochemicals, quercetin, sulforaphane, genistein, and epigallocatechin-3-gallate on NO pathway and apoptosis were shown in HeLa cervical cancer cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry were used to assess apoptosis. A Griess assay was used to quantitatively measure NO, quantitative PCR array was used to assess the expression levels of genes involved in the NO signaling pathway, and immunocytochemistry was used to determine NOS protein expression. The functional association among the modulated genes was evaluated using network biology analysis, gene set enrichment, and KEGG pathway analysis. RESULTS Treatment with the phytochemicals elevated NO levels in HeLa cells and modulated various genes involved in nitric oxide biosynthesis, superoxide metabolism, and oxidative stress, including NOS1, NOS2, NOS3, ALOX12, and SOD2, with a concomitant increase in NOS2 and NOS3 protein expression levels; also, the phytochemicals were found to induce apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the phytochemical-induced cell death is partially attributed to the activation of the NO pathway and upregulation of pro-oxidant ROS generators. Further experimental studies are required to explore this mechanistic association of NO signaling pathway activation and induction of apoptosis in other types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Sundaram
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
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