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Fernández JJ, Marin A, Rosales R, Penrice-Randal R, Mlcochova P, Alvarez Y, Villalon-Letelier F, Yildiz S, Pérez E, Rathnasinghe R, Cupic A, Kehrer T, Uccellini MB, Alonso S, Martínez F, McGovern BL, Clark JJ, Sharma P, Bayón Y, Alonso A, Albrecht RA, White KM, Schotsaert M, Miorin L, Stewart JP, Hiscox JA, Gupta RK, Irigoyen N, García-Sastre A, Crespo MS, Fernández N. The IRE1α-XBP1 arm of the unfolded protein response is a host factor activated in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167193. [PMID: 38648902 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection can cause severe pneumonia, wherein exacerbated inflammation plays a major role. This is reminiscent of the process commonly termed cytokine storm, a condition dependent on a disproportionated production of cytokines. This state involves the activation of the innate immune response by viral patterns and coincides with the biosynthesis of the biomass required for viral replication, which may overwhelm the capacity of the endoplasmic reticulum and drive the unfolded protein response (UPR). The UPR is a signal transduction pathway composed of three branches that is initiated by a set of sensors: inositol-requiring protein 1 (IRE1), protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (PERK), and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6). These sensors control adaptive processes, including the transcriptional regulation of proinflammatory cytokines. Based on this background, the role of the UPR in SARS-CoV-2 replication and the ensuing inflammatory response was investigated using in vivo and in vitro models of infection. Mice and Syrian hamsters infected with SARS-CoV-2 showed a sole activation of the Ire1α-Xbp1 arm of the UPR associated with a robust production of proinflammatory cytokines. Human lung epithelial cells showed the dependence of viral replication on the expression of UPR-target proteins branching on the IRE1α-XBP1 arm and to a lower extent on the PERK route. Likewise, activation of the IRE1α-XBP1 branch by Spike (S) proteins from different variants of concern was a uniform finding. These results show that the IRE1α-XBP1 system enhances viral replication and cytokine expression and may represent a potential therapeutic target in SARS-CoV-2 severe pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Javier Fernández
- Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular, CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain; Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Arturo Marin
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Romel Rosales
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Rebekah Penrice-Randal
- Department of Infection Biology and Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Petra Mlcochova
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology & Infectious Disease (CITIID), Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yolanda Alvarez
- Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular, CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Universidad de Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
| | | | - Soner Yildiz
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Enrique Pérez
- Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular, CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Raveen Rathnasinghe
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anastasija Cupic
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas Kehrer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Melissa B Uccellini
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Sara Alonso
- Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular, CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Fernando Martínez
- Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular, CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Briana Lynn McGovern
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jordan J Clark
- Department of Infection Biology and Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Parul Sharma
- Department of Infection Biology and Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Yolanda Bayón
- Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular, CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Universidad de Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Andrés Alonso
- Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular, CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Randy A Albrecht
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Kris M White
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Michael Schotsaert
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Lisa Miorin
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - James P Stewart
- Department of Infection Biology and Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; Department of Infectious Disease, University of Georgia, GA, USA
| | - Julian A Hiscox
- Department of Infection Biology and Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; Infectious Diseases Horizontal Technology Centre (ID HTC), A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ravindra K Gupta
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology & Infectious Disease (CITIID), Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nerea Irigoyen
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Adolfo García-Sastre
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Mariano Sánchez Crespo
- Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular, CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Nieves Fernández
- Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular, CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Universidad de Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
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2
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Fernández JJ, Mancebo C, Garcinuño S, March G, Alvarez Y, Alonso S, Inglada L, Blanco J, Orduña A, Montero O, Sandoval TA, Cubillos-Ruiz JR, Bustamante-Munguira E, Fernández N, Crespo MS. Innate IRE1α-XBP1 activation by viral single-stranded RNA and its influence on lung cytokine production during SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. Genes Immun 2024; 25:43-54. [PMID: 38146001 DOI: 10.1038/s41435-023-00243-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
The utilization of host-cell machinery during SARS-CoV-2 infection can overwhelm the protein-folding capacity of the endoplasmic reticulum and activate the unfolded protein response (UPR). The IRE1α-XBP1 arm of the UPR could also be activated by viral RNA via Toll-like receptors. Based on these premises, a study to gain insight into the pathogenesis of COVID-19 disease was conducted using nasopharyngeal exudates and bronchioloalveolar aspirates. The presence of the mRNA of spliced XBP1 and a high expression of cytokine mRNAs were observed during active infection. TLR8 mRNA showed an overwhelming expression in comparison with TLR7 mRNA in bronchioloalveolar aspirates of COVID-19 patients, thus suggesting the presence of monocytes and monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDCs). In vitro experiments in MDDCs activated with ssRNA40, a synthetic mimic of SARS-CoV-2 RNA, showed induction of XBP1 splicing and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. These responses were blunted by the IRE1α inhibitor MKC8866, the TLR8 antagonist CU-CPT9a, and knockdown of TLR8 receptor. In contrast, the IRE1α-XBP1 activator IXA4 enhanced these responses. Based on these findings, the TLR8/IRE1α system seems to play a significant role in the induction of the proinflammatory cytokines associated with severe COVID-19 disease and might be a druggable target to control cytokine storm.
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Affiliation(s)
- José J Fernández
- Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular, CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, 47003, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Cristina Mancebo
- Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular, CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, 47003, Valladolid, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Universidad de Valladolid, 47003, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Sonsoles Garcinuño
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Universidad de Valladolid, 47003, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Gabriel March
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Universidad de Valladolid, 47003, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Yolanda Alvarez
- Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular, CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, 47003, Valladolid, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Universidad de Valladolid, 47003, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Sara Alonso
- Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular, CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, 47003, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Luis Inglada
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Rio-Hortega, 47012, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Jesús Blanco
- Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitario Rio-Hortega, 47012, Valladolid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Orduña
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Universidad de Valladolid, 47003, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Olimpio Montero
- Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular, CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, 47003, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Tito A Sandoval
- Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Juan R Cubillos-Ruiz
- Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Elena Bustamante-Munguira
- Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, 47003, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Nieves Fernández
- Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular, CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, 47003, Valladolid, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Universidad de Valladolid, 47003, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Mariano Sánchez Crespo
- Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular, CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, 47003, Valladolid, Spain.
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Gomes PJ, Ciolino JB, Arranz P, Gonzalo A, Fernández N, Hernández G. Bilastine 0.6% preservative-free eye drops, an effective once-daily treatment to reduce signs and symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis: A pooled analysis of two randomized clinical trials. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2023; 34:0. [PMID: 37732873 DOI: 10.18176/jiaci.0940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Allergic conjunctivitis is the most common type of ocular allergy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a new once-daily, preservative-free, bilastine 0.6% eye drop formulation for the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis. METHODS Two double-masked, vehicle controlled, clinical studies (a Phase 2 Dose Ranging Study and a Phase 3 Efficacy Study) were conducted to assess the efficacy of bilastine ophthalmic solution for the treatment of signs and symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis. Both studies used the Ora-CAC® Conjunctival Allergen Challenge (CAC) Model to allow observations of allergic responses under controlled conditions. Each study was analyzed separately and then combined to create an integrated dataset. RESULTS Efficacy was achieved for the primary efficacy endpoint of ocular itching for three bilastine concentrations (0.2%, 0.4%, and 0.6%) at 15 minutes and 8 hours post-instillation and bilastine 0.6% ophthalmic solution was also efficacious at 16 hours post-instillation. Bilastine 0.6% ophthalmic solution demonstrated non-inferiority to ketotifen 0.025% at the onset of action. From the integrated data set, differences between vehicle and bilastine 0.6% were significant at all time points both at onset (15 minutes) and at a prolonged duration (16 hours) after instillation. CONCLUSION This multi-trial assessment suggests that bilastine 0.6% ophthalmic solution is efficacious for the treatment of the signs and symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis, with a rapid and prolonged duration of action, and has a favorable safety profile. The added convenience of a once-a-day dosing regimen may contribute to patient adherence and improve their quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J B Ciolino
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - P Arranz
- Research, Development and Innovation Department, FAES Farma, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - A Gonzalo
- Research, Development and Innovation Department, FAES Farma, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - N Fernández
- Research, Development and Innovation Department, FAES Farma, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - G Hernández
- Research, Development and Innovation Department, FAES Farma, Bizkaia, Spain
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4
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Valcárcel F, Elhachimi L, Vilá M, Tomassone L, Sánchez M, Selles SMA, Kouidri M, González MG, Martín-Hernández R, Valcárcel Á, Fernández N, Tercero JM, Sanchis J, Bellido-Blasco J, González-Coloma A, Olmeda AS. Emerging Hyalomma lusitanicum: From identification to vectorial role and integrated control. Med Vet Entomol 2023; 37:425-459. [PMID: 37144688 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In the Mediterranean basin, the tick species Hyalomma lusitanicum Koch stands out among other species of the Hyalomma genus due to its wide distribution, and there is great concern about its potential role as a vector and/or reservoir and its continuous expansion to new areas because of climate warming and human and other animal movements. This review aims to consolidate all the information on H. lusitanicum, including taxonomy and evolution, morphological and molecular identification, life cycle, sampling methods, rearing under laboratory conditions, ecology, hosts, geographical distribution, seasonality, vector role and control methods. The availability of adequate data is extremely relevant to the development of appropriate control strategies in areas where this tick is currently distributed as well as in new areas where it could become established in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix Valcárcel
- Grupo de Parasitología Animal, Departamento de Reproducción Animal, INIA-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Elhachimi
- Département de parasitologie et de Santé Publique, Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire Hassan II, Rabat, Morocco
| | - M Vilá
- Grupo de Investigación COPAR (GI-2120; USC), Departamento de Patoloxia Animal, Facultade de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - L Tomassone
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - M Sánchez
- Grupo de Parasitología Animal, Departamento de Reproducción Animal, INIA-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- Villamagna S.A., Finca "La Garganta", Villanueva de Córdoba, Spain
- Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Alfonso X El Sabio (UAX), Madrid, Spain
| | - S M A Selles
- Institute of Veterinary Sciences, University of Tiaret, Tiaret, Algeria
- Laboratory of Research on Local Animal Products, University of Tiaret, Tiaret, Algeria
| | - M Kouidri
- Laboratory of Farm Animal Products, University of Tiaret, Tiaret, Algeria
| | - M G González
- Grupo de Parasitología Animal, Departamento de Reproducción Animal, INIA-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- Villamagna S.A., Finca "La Garganta", Villanueva de Córdoba, Spain
| | - R Martín-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Patología Apícola, Centro de Investigación Apícola y Agroambiental (CIAPA), IRIAF-Instituto Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario y Forestal, Marchamalo, 19180, Spain. Instituto de Recursos Humanos para la Ciencia y la Tecnología (INCRECYT-ESF/EC-FSE), Fundación Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Á Valcárcel
- Lokimica S.L., c/ Valdemorillo, Madrid, Spain
- Veterinary Pathobiology section, University College Dublín, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - N Fernández
- Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Alfonso X El Sabio (UAX), Madrid, Spain
| | - J M Tercero
- Villamagna S.A., Finca "La Garganta", Villanueva de Córdoba, Spain
| | - J Sanchis
- Facultad de Veterinaria, CENUR Litoral Norte, Universidad de la República, Uruguay
| | - J Bellido-Blasco
- Sección de Epidemiología, Centro de Salud Pública de Castelló, CIBER-ESP. Universitat Jaume I (UJI), Castelló, Spain
| | | | - A S Olmeda
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, UCM, Madrid, Spain
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Gomes PJ, Ciolino JB, Arranz P, Hernández G, Fernández N. Bilastine 0.6% preservative-free eye drops, a once-daily treatment for allergic conjunctivitis. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2023; 34:0. [PMID: 36811846 DOI: 10.18176/jiaci.0894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bilastine is a second-generation antihistamine approved for the symptomatic treatment of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and urticaria. This trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of a new bilastine 0.6% preservative-free eye-drops formulation for the symptomatic treatment of allergic conjunctivitis. METHODS This phase 3, multicenter, double-masked, randomized study evaluated the efficacy, safety and tolerability of bilastine 0.6% ophthalmic solution compared to ketotifen 0.025% and vehicle. The primary efficacy endpoint was ocular itching reduction. The Ora-CAC® Allergen Challenge Model was used to assess ocular and nasal symptoms at 15 minutes (onset of action) and 16 hours post-treatment. RESULTS Subjects (N=228) were 59.6% male, and the mean (SD) age was 44.1 (13.4) years. Bilastine demonstrated efficacy in reducing ocular itching compared to vehicle at both onset of action and 16 hours post-treatment (P <0.001). Ketotifen showed improvement compared to vehicle 15 minutes post-treatment (P <0.001). Bilastine demonstrated statistical non-inferiority to ketotifen for all 3 post-CAC timepoints at 15 minutes post-instillation, based on an inferiority margin of 0.4. Bilastine demonstrated improvement over vehicle (P <0.05) for conjunctival redness, ciliary redness, episcleral redness, chemosis, eyelid swelling, tearing, rhinorrhea, ear and palate pruritus and nasal congestion at 15 minutes post-treatment. Ophthalmic bilastine was safe and well tolerated. Mean drop comfort scores were significantly better (P <0.05) for bilastine compared with ketotifen immediately upon instillation, and similar compared with vehicle. CONCLUSIONS Ophthalmic bilastine effectively reduced ocular itching for 16 hours post-treatment, suggesting that it could be used as a once-daily treatment for the signs and symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03479307.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Gomes
- Ora, Inc. 300 Brickstone Square, Andover, MA, USA
| | - J B Ciolino
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - P Arranz
- Department of Research, Development and Innovation, FAES FARMA, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - G Hernández
- Department of Research, Development and Innovation, FAES FARMA, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - N Fernández
- Department of Research, Development and Innovation, FAES FARMA, Bizkaia, Spain
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Clavero M, García‐Reyes A, Fernández‐Gil A, Revilla E, Fernández N. Where wolves were: setting historical baselines for wolf recovery in Spain. Anim Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/acv.12814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Clavero
- Departamento de Biología de la Conservación Estación Biológica de Doñana – CSIC Sevilla Spain
| | - A. García‐Reyes
- Departamento de Biología de la Conservación Estación Biológica de Doñana – CSIC Sevilla Spain
| | - A. Fernández‐Gil
- Departamento de Biología de la Conservación Estación Biológica de Doñana – CSIC Sevilla Spain
| | - E. Revilla
- Departamento de Biología de la Conservación Estación Biológica de Doñana – CSIC Sevilla Spain
| | - N. Fernández
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Biology Martin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg Halle (Saale) Germany
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7
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Provencio-pulla M, Ortega A, Coves J, Franco F, Marsé R, Dómine M, Guirado M, Carcereny E, Fernández N, Martinez E, Blanco R, León L, Sánchez J, Sullivan I, Cobo M, Sánchez A, Massutí B. P1.15-09 First-line Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab for Metastatic High-Intermediate TMB in Non-squamous NSCLC. The TELMA Study. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Mancebo C, Fernández JJ, Herrero-Sánchez C, Alvarez Y, Alonso S, Sandoval TA, Cubillos-Ruiz JR, Montero O, Fernández N, Crespo MS. Fungal Patterns Induce Cytokine Expression through Fluxes of Metabolic Intermediates That Support Glycolysis and Oxidative Phosphorylation. J Immunol 2022; 208:2779-2794. [PMID: 35688467 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cytokine expression is fine-tuned by metabolic intermediates, which makes research on immunometabolism suitable to yield drugs with a wider prospect of application than the biological therapies that block proinflammatory cytokines. Switch from oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to glycolysis has been considered a characteristic feature of activated immune cells. However, some stimuli might enhance both routes concomitantly. The connection between the tricarboxylic acid cycle and cytokine expression was scrutinized in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells stimulated with the fungal surrogate zymosan. Results showed that nucleocytosolic citrate and ATP-citrate lyase activity drove IL1B, IL10, and IL23A expression by yielding acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate, with the latter one supporting glycolysis and OXPHOS by maintaining cytosolic NAD+ and mitochondrial NADH levels through mitochondrial shuttles. Succinate dehydrogenase showed a subunit-specific ability to modulate IL23A and IL10 expression. Succinate dehydrogenase A subunit activity supported cytokine expression through the control of the 2-oxoglutarate/succinate ratio, whereas C and D subunits underpinned cytokine expression by conveying electron flux from complex II to complex III of the electron transport chain. Fatty acids may also fuel the tricarboxylic acid cycle and influence cytokine expression. Overall, these results show that fungal patterns support cytokine expression through a strong boost of glycolysis and OXPHOS supported by the use of pyruvate, citrate, and succinate, along with the compartmentalized NAD(H) redox state maintained by mitochondrial shuttles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Mancebo
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.,Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - José Javier Fernández
- Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Carmen Herrero-Sánchez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.,Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Yolanda Alvarez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Sara Alonso
- Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Tito A Sandoval
- Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY.,Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; and
| | - Juan R Cubillos-Ruiz
- Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY.,Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; and
| | - Olimpio Montero
- Centro para el Desarrollo de la Biotecnología, CSIC, Parque Tecnológico de Boecillo, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Nieves Fernández
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.,Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Mariano Sánchez Crespo
- Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain;
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9
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Gomes PJ, Ciolino JB, Arranz P, Hernández G, Fernández N. Efficacy of once-daily ophthalmic bilastine for the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis: a dose-finding study. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2022:0. [PMID: 35234641 DOI: 10.18176/jiaci.0800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives: Bilastine is a non-sedating second-generation antihistamine for the symptomatic treatment of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and urticaria. This trial aimed to evaluate the optimal dose, efficacy, and safety of a newly developed once-daily preservative-free ophthalmic formulation of bilastine for allergic conjunctivitis. Methods: This phase 2, single-center, double-masked, randomized study evaluated the efficacy of 3 doses of a bilastine ophthalmic formulation (0.2%, 0.4%, and 0.6%) compared to vehicle for the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis. The primary efficacy endpoint was ocular itching reduction. The Ora-CAC® Conjunctival Allergen Challenge model was used to assess ocular and nasal symptoms at the onset of action (15 minutes), 8- and 16-hours post-treatment. Tolerance and safety were also evaluated. Results: A total of 121 adults with seasonal and/or perennial ocular allergy were randomized. Bilastine ophthalmic formulation 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.6% were significantly superior (p>0.001) to vehicle for the treatment of ocular itching at 3, 5 and 7 minutes post-challenge at onset of action (15 minutes) and 8 hours post-treatment. Bilastine 0.6% was also effective at 16 hours post-treatment. Treatment differences for bilastine 0.6% were statistically significant (p<0.001) compared to vehicle at all timepoints for tearing, eyelid swelling, and nasal symptoms. No relevant adverse events were observed. Conclusions: All the tested ophthalmic bilastine doses were efficacious in rapidly reducing ocular itching. The 0.6% formulation was effective up to 16 hours post-treatment, making it suitable for once-daily administration. The new formulation was safe and well tolerated.
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10
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Fernández N. American Society of Human Genetics Annual Meeting. Virtual - October 18-22, 2021. DRUG FUTURE 2022. [DOI: 10.1358/dof.2022.47.2.3393247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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11
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Cámara A, Compta Y, Pérez-Soriano A, Montagut N, Ahuir M, Ludeña E, Baixauli M, Peri-Cusi L, Fernández N, Villote S, Caballol N, Buongiorno M, Pont-Sunyer C, Puente V, Giraldo D, Garrido A, Painous C, Sánchez A, Muñoz E, Valldeoriola F, Lombraña M, Martí M. Healthcare education program in multiple system atrophy - preliminary results of satisfaction from a national registry based longitudinal study. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2020.06.448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Fraile L, Fernández N, Pena RN, Balasch S, Castellà G, Puig P, Estany J, Valls J. A probabilistic Poisson-based model to detect PRRSV recirculation using sow production records. Prev Vet Med 2020; 177:104948. [PMID: 32172020 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2020.104948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is a viral disease associated with a decrease in the number of born alive piglets (NBA) and an increase in the number of lost piglets (NLP) per farrowing. Under practical conditions, it is critical to assess whether a farm is suffering PRRSV recirculation in the sow herd as soon as possible. The aim of this research work was to develop a new method to detect potential PRRSV recirculation in sow production farms. Sow reproductive performance records from one farm (farm T) were used to set up the method and records from ten additional farms (farms V1 to V10) were used for validation. A conditional Poisson model of NLP on NBA was proposed to fit the data. A three-step procedure was implemented to detect potential PRRSV recirculation: (i) computation of the maximum-likelihood estimates of the expected values of NBA and NLP in a PRRSV non-recirculating scenario; (ii) calculation, for each farrowing, of the p-value associated with the probability of jointly observing deviations towards decreased NBA and increased NLP. The detection of a potential PRRSV recirculation was based on (iii) the combined p-value resulting from weighing the p-values of the last N farrowings by the chi-square-inverse method. In order to gain specificity, a displacement on the expected non-recirculating NBA and NLP values was used for tuning purposes. With this approach, two PRRSV circulating periods were detected in farm T, which were confirmed with standard laboratorial diagnostic techniques. The method was subsequently validated in farms V1 to V10, where ten PRRSV-recirculating time episodes had been diagnosed. The method proposed here was able to detect the ten PRRSV recirculations using a relatively small set of contiguous farrowings, with only two mismatched weeks, one as a false negative, in farm V1, and one as a false positive, in farm V4. It is concluded that a conditional Poisson-based model of NLP on NBA can be a useful tool for routinely detecting PRRSV recirculation in sow herds.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Fraile
- Department of Animal Science, University of Lleida - Agrotecnio Center, Lleida, Spain.
| | - N Fernández
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Unit, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRB Lleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - R N Pena
- Department of Animal Science, University of Lleida - Agrotecnio Center, Lleida, Spain
| | - S Balasch
- Department of Applied Statistics and Operational Research, Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - G Castellà
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Unit, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRB Lleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - P Puig
- Department of Mathematics, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Estany
- Department of Animal Science, University of Lleida - Agrotecnio Center, Lleida, Spain
| | - J Valls
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Unit, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRB Lleida), Lleida, Spain; Department of Mathematics, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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13
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Fernández N, Martí JV, Rodríguez M, Peris C, Balasch S. Machine milking parameters for Murciano-Granadina breed goats. J Dairy Sci 2019; 103:507-513. [PMID: 31629519 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-16446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In dairy ruminants, the combination of milking parameters must ensure good milking performance without harming udder conditions. Commonly, milking conditions for goats are established without having checked the admissible limits for optimal and fast milking. The aim of this study was to establish a limit combination of machine milking parameters that improves machine milking performance without altering milkability or udder status. To this end, we studied the effect of 2 combinations (42 kPa, 120 cpm, 60% vs. 44 kPa, 120 cpm, 60% in terms of kilopascals of vacuum level, cycles per minute of pulsator rate, and percentage of pulsator ratio, respectively) on milk production and composition, milk fractioning during milking, SCC, teat tissue thickness variation after milking, and the milk emission kinetics parameters throughout 1 lactation period (6 mo). The 42 and 44 kPa measured at the vacuum gauge level became average values of 37.5 and 39.3 kPa, respectively, measured at the teat sphincter level during milking. Milk flow significantly increased and total milking time decreased 25 s with the elevation of the vacuum level from 42 to 44 kPa without any adverse effect on milk fractioning at milking. However, the use of 44 kPa also showed an increase in tissue thickness above 5%, and we observed a tendency of average conductivity of milk to increase, although without any adverse effect on SCC. It seems that 44 kPa, 120 cpm, 60% is a possible limit combination of parameters to improve milking performance without altering milkability or udder conditions. We concluded that this combination can be used for milking Murciano-Granadina breed goats in conditions similar to those of this study (mid-level milking system and 1 milking/d), although further studies are necessary to verify its application in the case of 2 milkings/d.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Fernández
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 València, Spain.
| | - J V Martí
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 València, Spain
| | - M Rodríguez
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 València, Spain
| | - C Peris
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 València, Spain
| | - S Balasch
- Departamento de Estadística e Investigación Operativa Aplicadas y Calidad, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 València, Spain
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14
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Arboleya S, Suárez M, Fernández N, Mantecón L, Solís G, Gueimonde M, de Los Reyes-Gavilán CG. C-section and the Neonatal Gut Microbiome Acquisition: Consequences for Future Health. Ann Nutr Metab 2018; 73 Suppl 3:17-23. [PMID: 30041194 DOI: 10.1159/000490843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human gut microbiota is assembled during infancy with an increase in diversity and stability. The correct colonization and the establishment of this microbiome are linked to the early and future health status of the individual. It is known that caesarean delivery alters this optimal microbial foundation. C-section (CS) is a common obstetrician surgery; however, it is not without risk for the mother/infant dyad. The World Health Organization recommends not exceeding 10-15% of the total deliveries; nevertheless, this rate has been increasing rapidly worldwide in the last decades. SUMMARY This review discloses the clinical parameters for correct CS recommendation. Moreover, the major microbial changes in the infant gut microbiome acquisition as a consequence of delivery mode and medical practices surrounding it, as well as, the early and long-lasting effects for both mother and babies are discussed. In addition, some strategies for the gut microbiota restoration are analysed. The aim of this review is to show the need for the development of strategies for minimizing or limiting the impact of caesarean on the microbiome development, favouring future health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Arboleya
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, Spain.,Diet, Microbiota and Health Group, Health Research Institute of Principado de Asturias (IISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - M Suárez
- Department of Pediatrics Service, Central University Hospital of Asturias (HUCA-SESPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - N Fernández
- Diet, Microbiota and Health Group, Health Research Institute of Principado de Asturias (IISPA), Oviedo, Spain.,Department of Pediatrics Service, Central University Hospital of Asturias (HUCA-SESPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - L Mantecón
- Department of Pediatrics Service, Central University Hospital of Asturias (HUCA-SESPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - G Solís
- Department of Pediatrics Service, Central University Hospital of Asturias (HUCA-SESPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - M Gueimonde
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, Spain.,Diet, Microbiota and Health Group, Health Research Institute of Principado de Asturias (IISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - C G de Los Reyes-Gavilán
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, Spain.,Diet, Microbiota and Health Group, Health Research Institute of Principado de Asturias (IISPA), Oviedo, Spain
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15
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Nogacka AM, Ruas-Madiedo P, Gómez E, Solís G, Fernández N, Suárez M, Suárez A, Salazar N, de Los Reyes-Gavilán CG, Gueimonde M. Real-time monitoring of HT29 epithelial cells as an in vitro model for assessing functional differences among intestinal microbiotas from different human population groups. J Microbiol Methods 2018; 152:210-216. [PMID: 30006229 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Several in vitro screening tests have been used for selecting probiotic strains; however they often show low predictive value and only a limited number of strains have demonstrated functionality in vivo. The most used in vitro tests represent a very simplified version of the gut environment, especially since they do not consider the accompanying microbiota. Therefore, there is a need to develop sensitive and discriminating in vitro models including the microbiota. Here we developed an in vitro model to discriminate among microbiotas/fecal waters from different population groups. To this end samples were obtained from seven healthy adults, five IBD-patients, ten full-term and ten preterm newborns. Fecal microbiotas were purified and their impact, as well as that of the fecal waters, on HT29 cells was continuously monitored for 22 h using a real-time cell analyzer (RTCA). The composition of the purified microbiotas was assessed by 16S rRNA gene profiling and qPCR and the levels of short chain fatty acids (SCFA) determined by gas chromatography. The microbiota fractions and SCFA concentrations obtained from IBD-patients, full-term and preterm babies, showed clear differences with regard to those of the control group (healthy adults). Moreover, the purified intestinal microbiotas and fecal waters also differed from the control group in the response induced on the HT29 cells assay developed. In short, we have developed a real-time, impedance-based in vitro model for assessing the functional response induced by purified microbiotas and fecal waters upon intestinal epithelial cells. The capability of the assay for discriminating the functional responses induced, by microbiotas or fecal waters from different human groups, promises to be of help on the search for compounds/strains to restore the functionality of the microbiota-host's interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Nogacka
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), 33300 Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain; Diet, Microbiota and Health Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Spain
| | - P Ruas-Madiedo
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), 33300 Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
| | - E Gómez
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), 33300 Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
| | - G Solís
- Pediatrics Service, Asturias Central University Hospital (HUCA), SESPA, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - N Fernández
- Diet, Microbiota and Health Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Spain; Pediatrics Service, Asturias Central University Hospital (HUCA), SESPA, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - M Suárez
- Pediatrics Service, Asturias Central University Hospital (HUCA), SESPA, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - A Suárez
- Diet, Microbiota and Health Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Spain; Digestive Service, Asturias Central University Hospital (HUCA), SESPA, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - N Salazar
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), 33300 Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain; Diet, Microbiota and Health Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Spain
| | - C G de Los Reyes-Gavilán
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), 33300 Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain; Diet, Microbiota and Health Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Spain
| | - M Gueimonde
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), 33300 Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain; Diet, Microbiota and Health Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Spain.
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16
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Martínez-Gutiérrez PG, Martínez-Meyer E, Palomares F, Fernández N. Niche centrality and human influence predict rangewide variation in population abundance of a widespread mammal: The collared peccary (Pecari tajacu). DIVERS DISTRIB 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - E. Martínez-Meyer
- Department of Zoology; Instituto de Biología; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Mexico City Mexico
| | - F. Palomares
- Department of Conservation Biology; Estación Biológica de Doñana (CSIC); Seville Spain
| | - N. Fernández
- Department of Conservation Biology; Estación Biológica de Doñana (CSIC); Seville Spain
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
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17
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Granado M, Amor S, Fernández N, Carreño-Tarragona G, Iglesias-Cruz MC, Martín-Carro B, Monge L, García-Villalón AL. Effects of early overnutrition on the renal response to Ang II and expression of RAAS components in rat renal tissue. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2017; 27:930-937. [PMID: 28958692 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2017.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of early overnutrition (EON) on the expression of the renin angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) components in renal cortex, renal arteries and renal perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), as well as the vascular response of renal arteries to Angiotensin II (Ang II). METHODS AND RESULTS On birth day litters were adjusted to twelve (L12-control) or three (L3-overfed) pups per mother. Half of the animals were sacrificed at weaning (21 days old) and the other half at 5 months of age. Ang II-induced vasoconstriction of renal artery segments increased in young overfed rats and decreased in adult overfed rats. EON decreased the gene expression of angiotensinogen (Agt), Ang II receptors AT1 and AT2 and eNOS in renal arteries of young rats, while it increased the mRNA levels of AT-2 and ET-1 in adult rats. In renal PVAT EON up-regulated the gene expression of COX-2 and TNF-α in young rats and the mRNA levels of renin receptor both in young and in adult rats. On the contrary, Ang II receptors mRNA levels were downregulated at both ages. Renal cortex of overfed rats showed increased gene expression of Agt in adult rats and of AT1 in young rats. However the mRNA levels of AT1 were decreased in the renal cortex of overfed adult rats. CONCLUSION EON is associated with alterations in the vascular response of renal arteries to Ang II and changes in the gene expression of RAAS components in renal tissue.
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MESH Headings
- Adipose Tissue/drug effects
- Adipose Tissue/metabolism
- Adipose Tissue/physiopathology
- Age Factors
- Angiotensin II/pharmacology
- Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
- Animals
- Cyclooxygenase 2/genetics
- Cyclooxygenase 2/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Kidney/blood supply
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/genetics
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/metabolism
- Nutritional Status
- Overnutrition/genetics
- Overnutrition/metabolism
- Overnutrition/physiopathology
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1/genetics
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1/metabolism
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2/genetics
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2/metabolism
- Renal Artery/drug effects
- Renal Artery/metabolism
- Renal Artery/physiopathology
- Renin-Angiotensin System/drug effects
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
- Vasoconstriction/drug effects
- Vasoconstrictor Agents/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- M Granado
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - S Amor
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - N Fernández
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - G Carreño-Tarragona
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - M C Iglesias-Cruz
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - B Martín-Carro
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Monge
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - A L García-Villalón
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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18
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Márquez S, Fernández JJ, Terán-Cabanillas E, Herrero C, Alonso S, Azogil A, Montero O, Iwawaki T, Cubillos-Ruiz JR, Fernández N, Crespo MS. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Sensor IRE1α Enhances IL-23 Expression by Human Dendritic Cells. Front Immunol 2017; 8:639. [PMID: 28674530 PMCID: PMC5475432 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) exposed to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) undergo bioenergetic changes that influence the immune response. We found that stimulation with PAMPs enhanced glycolysis in DCs, whereas oxidative phosphorylation remained unaltered. Glucose starvation and the hexokinase inhibitor 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG) modulated cytokine expression in stimulated DCs. Strikingly, IL23A was markedly induced upon 2-DG treatment, but not during glucose deprivation. Since 2-DG can also rapidly inhibit protein N-glycosylation, we postulated that this compound could induce IL-23 in DCs via activation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response. Indeed, stimulation of DCs with PAMPs in the presence of 2-DG robustly activated inositol-requiring protein 1α (IRE1α) signaling and to a lesser extent the PERK arm of the unfolded protein response. Additional ER stressors such as tunicamycin and thapsigargin also promoted IL-23 expression by PAMP-stimulated DCs. Pharmacological, biochemical, and genetic analyses using conditional knockout mice revealed that IL-23 induction in ER stressed DCs stimulated with PAMPs was IRE1α/X-box binding protein 1-dependent upon zymosan stimulation. Interestingly, we further evidenced PERK-mediated and CAAT/enhancer-binding protein β-dependent trans-activation of IL23A upon lipopolysaccharide treatment. Our findings uncover that the ER stress response can potently modulate cytokine expression in PAMP-stimulated human DCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saioa Márquez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - José Javier Fernández
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Eli Terán-Cabanillas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States.,Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States.,Unidad Académica de Ciencias de la Nutrición y Gastronomía, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, México
| | - Carmen Herrero
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Sara Alonso
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Alicia Azogil
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Olimpio Montero
- Centro para el Desarrollo de la Biotecnología, CSIC, Parque Tecnológico de Boecillo, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Takao Iwawaki
- Division of Cell Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kazanawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Juan R Cubillos-Ruiz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States.,Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
| | - Nieves Fernández
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.,Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Mariano Sánchez Crespo
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
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Ruiz-Garcia A, Sabio J, Aguila FJ, Fernández N, Ordonez-Luque A, Espinosa O, Guerrero-Calvo J, Lizana-Moreno A, Fernández-González A, Sierra-Sanchez A, Arias-Santiago S. New clinical applications of mesenchymal stromal cells in autoinmune diseases. Cytotherapy 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2017.02.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Guerrero-Calvo J, Fernández-González A, Lizana-Moreno A, Montes-Ramos P, Fernández N, Ruiz-Garcia A, Espinosa O, Ordonez-Luque A, Sierra-Sanchez A, Arias-Santiago S. Optimization of human keratinocyte culture to develop a tissue bio-engineered human skin model. Cytotherapy 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2017.02.340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Fernández-González A, Lizana-Moreno A, Fernández N, Guerrero-Calvo J, Ruiz-Garcia A, Espinosa O, Ordonez-Luque A, Sierra-Sanchez A, Arias-Santiago S. Clinical, histological and homeostasis evaluation of an autologous tissue bio-engineered skin substitute in a patient with 70% of total body surface area (TBSA) burn. Cytotherapy 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2017.02.339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Lizana-Moreno A, Guerrero-Calvo J, Fernández-González A, Fernández N, Espinosa O, Ruiz-Garcia A, Ordonez-Luque A, Sierra-Sanchez A, Arias-Santiago S. Optimization of the manufacturing process of an artificial human cornea under GMP guidelines. Cytotherapy 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2017.02.330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Fernández-González A, Lizana-Moreno A, Guerrero J, Ruiz-Garcia A, Fernández N, Espinosa O, Ordonez-Luque A, Sierra-Sanchez A, Arias-Santiago S. Clinical, histological and homeostasis evaluation of tissue bio-engineered skin substitute: In vivo mouse model. Cytotherapy 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2017.02.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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García-Villalón A, Amor S, Monge L, Fernández N, Prodanov M, Muñoz M, Inarejos-García A, Granado M. In vitro studies of an aged black garlic extract enriched in S -allylcysteine and polyphenols with cardioprotective effects. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.08.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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Rodríguez M, Márquez S, de la Rosa JV, Alonso S, Castrillo A, Sánchez Crespo M, Fernández N. Fungal pattern receptors down-regulate the inflammatory response by a cross-inhibitory mechanism independent of interleukin-10 production. Immunology 2016; 150:184-198. [PMID: 27709605 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic AMP regulatory element binding protein and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) may control inflammation by several mechanisms, one of the best characterized is the induction of the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10). STAT3 also down-regulates the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines induced by immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM)-coupled receptors, a mechanism termed cross-inhibition. Because signalling via ITAM-dependent mechanisms is a hallmark of fungal pattern receptors, STAT3 activation might be involved in the cross-inhibition associated with invasive fungal infections. The fungal surrogate zymosan produced the phosphorylation of Y705-STAT3 and the expression of Ifnb1 and Socs3, but did not induce the interferon (IFN)-signature cytokines Cxcl9 and Cxcl10 in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells. Unlike lipopolysaccharide (LPS), zymosan induced IL-10 and phosphorylated Y705-STAT3 to a similar extent in Irf3 and Ifnar1 knockout and wild-type mice. Human dendritic cells showed similar results, although the induction of IFNB1 was less prominent. These results indicate that LPS and zymosan activate STAT3 through different routes. Whereas type I IFN is the main effector of LPS effect, the mechanism involved in Y705-STAT3 phosphorylation by zymosan is more complex, cannot be associated with type I IFN, IL-6 or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and seems dependent on several factors given that it was partially inhibited by the platelet-activating factor antagonist WEB2086 and high concentrations of COX inhibitors, p38 mitogen-activate protein kinase inhibitors, and blockade of tumour necrosis factor-α function. Altogether, these results indicate that fungal pattern receptors share with other ITAM-coupled receptors the capacity to produce cross-inhibition through a mechanism involving STAT3 and induction of SOCS3 and IL-10, but that cannot be explained through type I IFN signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Rodríguez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, y Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Saioa Márquez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, y Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Juan Vladimir de la Rosa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina CSIC-Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS) de la ULPGC, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Sara Alonso
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Antonio Castrillo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina CSIC-Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS) de la ULPGC, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Mariano Sánchez Crespo
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Nieves Fernández
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, y Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.,Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
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Rodríguez M, Márquez S, Montero O, Alonso S, Frade JG, Crespo MS, Fernández N. Pharmacological inhibition of eicosanoids and platelet-activating factor signaling impairs zymosan-induced release of IL-23 by dendritic cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2015; 102:78-96. [PMID: 26673542 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The engagement of the receptors for fungal patterns induces the expression of cytokines, the release of arachidonic acid, and the production of PGE2 in human dendritic cells (DC), but few data are available about other lipid mediators that may modulate DC function. The combined antagonism of leukotriene (LT) B4, cysteinyl-LT, and platelet-activating factor (PAF, 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) inhibited IL23A mRNA expression in response to the fungal surrogate zymosan and to a lower extent TNFA (tumor necrosis factor-α) and CSF2 (granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor) mRNA. The combination of lipid mediators and the lipid extract of zymosan-conditioned medium increased the induction of IL23A by LPS (bacterial lipopolysaccharide), thus suggesting that unlike LPS, zymosan elicits the production of mediators at a concentration enough for optimal response. Zymosan induced the release of LTB4, LTE4, 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE), and PAF C16:0. DC showed a high expression and detectable Ser663 phosphorylation of 5-lipoxygenase in response to zymosan, and a high expression and activity of LPCAT1/2 (lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 and 2), the enzymes that incorporate acetate from acetyl-CoA into choline-containing lysophospholipids to produce PAF. Pharmacological modulation of the arachidonic acid cascade and the PAF receptor inhibited the binding of P-71Thr-ATF2 (activating transcription factor 2) to the IL23A promoter, thus mirroring their effects on the expression of IL23A mRNA and IL-23 protein. These results indicate that LTB4, cysteinyl-LT, and PAF, acting through their cognate G protein-coupled receptors, contribute to the phosphorylation of ATF2 and play a central role in IL23A promoter trans-activation and the cytokine signature induced by fungal patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Rodríguez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Saioa Márquez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Olimpio Montero
- Centro para el Desarrollo de la Biotecnología, CSIC, Parque Tecnológico de Boecillo, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Sara Alonso
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, CSIC, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Javier García Frade
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario Rio-Hortega, 47012 Valladolid, Spain
| | | | - Nieves Fernández
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
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Rodríguez M, Domingo E, Alonso S, Frade JG, Eiros J, Crespo MS, Fernández N. The unfolded protein response and the phosphorylations of activating transcription factor 2 in the trans-activation of il23a promoter produced by β-glucans. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:22942-22957. [PMID: 24982422 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.522656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Current views on the control of IL-23 production focus on the regulation of il23a, the gene encoding IL-23 p19, by NF-κB in combination with other transcription factors. C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), X2-Box-binding protein 1 (XBP1), activator protein 1 (AP1), SMAD, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBPβ), and cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) have been involved in response to LPS, but no data are available regarding the mechanism triggered by the fungal mimic and β-glucan-containing stimulus zymosan, which produces IL-23 and to a low extent the related cytokine IL-12 p70. Zymosan induced the mobilization of CHOP from the nuclear fractions to phagocytic vesicles. Hypha-forming Candida also induced the nuclear disappearance of CHOP. Assay of transcription factor binding to the il23a promoter showed an increase of Thr(P)-71-Thr(P)-69-activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2) binding in response to zymosan. PKC and PKA/mitogen- and stress-activated kinase inhibitors down-regulated Thr(P)-71-ATF2 binding to the il23a promoter and il23a mRNA expression. Consistent with the current concept of complementary phosphorylations on N-terminal Thr-71 and Thr-69 of ATF2 by ERK and p38 MAPK, MEK, and p38 MAPK inhibitors blunted Thr(P)-69-ATF2 binding. Knockdown of atf2 mRNA with siRNA correlated with inhibition of il23a mRNA, but it did not affect the expression of il12/23b and il10 mRNA. These data indicate the following: (i) zymosan decreases nuclear proapoptotic CHOP, most likely by promoting its accumulation in phagocytic vesicles; (ii) zymosan-induced il23a mRNA expression is best explained through coordinated κB- and ATF2-dependent transcription; and (iii) il23a expression relies on complementary phosphorylation of ATF2 on Thr-69 and Thr-71 dependent on PKC and MAPK activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Rodríguez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid, 47005-Valladolid
| | - Esther Domingo
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 47003-Valladolid
| | - Sara Alonso
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 47003-Valladolid
| | - Javier García Frade
- Division of Hematology, Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega, 47012-Valladolid, and
| | - José Eiros
- Division of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega, 47012-Valladolid, Spain
| | - Mariano Sánchez Crespo
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 47003-Valladolid,.
| | - Nieves Fernández
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid, 47005-Valladolid
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Pérez-Niño J, Fernández N, Sarmiento G. Partial penectomy and penile reconstruction. Initial surgical management of localized penile cancer. Actas Urol Esp 2014; 38:62-5. [PMID: 24103396 DOI: 10.1016/j.acuro.2013.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2012] [Revised: 04/07/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Surgical management for penile carcinoma is mutilating and affects significantly quality of life. Hereby we present our experience on penile reconstruction (PR) immediately after oncologic resection. MATERIALS AND METHODS We included all patients from January 2007 until April 2012 who underwent PR after partial penectomy (PP). Patients included in the study were seen at four different hospitals. All procedures were done by the same surgeon. Information included were: oncological status at the moment of surgery, surgical technique used for reconstruction. Each case was also registered photographically. On follow-up visits data about outcome and patient's satisfaction were registered. RESULTS During the study period 15 patients underwent PR. Average age at the moment of surgery was 49 years. Average follow-up was 15 months. In 12 patients PR was made at the same time as PP. Of those, four cases underwent glans resurfacing, 2 glandectomy, 6 partial penectomy, and the remaining 3 have had PP in a different time in the past. Every case underwent a split thickness graft procedure. Only 2 patients had postoperative complications. One of them presented urethral stricture and the other graft ischemia. Three patients had positive nodes at the moment of PP and two during the follow-up. None of the cases have presented local recurrence and only one died. On follow-up the remaining patients refer a good quality of life and felt happy with aesthetic results. CONCLUSIONS Given the results presented hereby we propose that PR must be part of the same procedure as the PP.
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Rodríguez M, Domingo E, Municio C, Alvarez Y, Hugo E, Fernández N, Sánchez Crespo M. Polarization of the innate immune response by prostaglandin E2: a puzzle of receptors and signals. Mol Pharmacol 2013; 85:187-97. [PMID: 24170779 DOI: 10.1124/mol.113.089573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Eicosanoids tailor the innate immune response by supporting local inflammation and exhibiting immunomodulatory properties. Prostaglandin (PG) E2 is the most abundant eicosanoid in the inflammatory milieu due to the robust production elicited by pathogen-associated molecular patterns on cells of the innate immune system. The different functions and cell distribution of E prostanoid receptors explain the difficulty encountered thus far to delineate the actual role of PGE2 in the immune response. The biosynthesis of eicosanoids includes as the first step the Ca(2+)- and kinase-dependent activation of the cytosolic phospholipase A2, which releases arachidonic acid from membrane phospholipids, and later events depending on the transcriptional regulation of the enzymes of the cyclooxygenase routes, where PGE2 is the most relevant product. Acting in an autocrine/paracrine manner in macrophages, PGE2 induces a regulatory phenotype including the expression of interleukin (IL)-10, sphingosine kinase 1, and the tumor necrosis factor family molecule LIGHT. PGE2 also stabilizes the suppressive function of myeloid-derived suppressor cells, inhibits the release of IL-12 p70 by macrophages and dendritic cells, and may enhance the production of IL-23. PGE2 is a central component of the inflammasome-dependent induction of the eicosanoid storm that leads to massive loss of intravascular fluid, increases the mortality rate associated with coinfection by Candida ssp. and bacteria, and inhibits fungal phagocytosis. These effects have important consequences for the outcome of infections and the polarization of the immune response into the T helper cell types 2 and 17 and can be a clue to develop pharmacological tools to address infectious, autoimmune, and autoinflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Rodríguez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain (M.R., N.F.); and Institute of Biology and Molecular Genetics, Spanish National Research Council, Valladolid, Spain (E.D., C.M., Y.A., E.H., M.S.C.)
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Municio C, Alvarez Y, Montero O, Hugo E, Rodríguez M, Domingo E, Alonso S, Fernández N, Crespo MS. The response of human macrophages to β-glucans depends on the inflammatory milieu. PLoS One 2013; 8:e62016. [PMID: 23637950 PMCID: PMC3634770 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2012] [Accepted: 03/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background β-glucans are fungal cell wall components that bind to the C-type lectin-like receptor dectin-1. Polymorphisms of dectin-1 gene are associated with susceptibility to invasive fungal infection and medically refractory ulcerative colitis. The purpose of this study has been addressing the response of human macrophages to β-glucans under different conditions mimicking the composition of the inflammatory milieu in view of the wide plasticity and large range of phenotypical changes showed by these cells, and the relevant role of dectin-1 in several pathophysiological conditions. Principal Findings Serum-differentiated macrophages stimulated with β-glucans showed a low production of TNFα and IL-1β, a high production of IL-6 and IL-23, and a delayed induction of cyclooxygenase-2 and PGE2 biosynthesis that resembled the responses elicited by crystals and those produced when phagosomal degradation of the phagocytic cargo increases ligand access to intracellular pattern recognition receptors. Priming with a low concentration of LPS produced a rapid induction of cyclooxygenase-2 and a synergistic release of PGE2. When the differentiation of the macrophages was carried out in the presence of M-CSF, an increased expression of dectin-1 B isoform was observed. In addition, this treatment made the cells capable to release arachidonic acid in response to β-glucan. Conclusions These results indicate that the macrophage response to fungal β-glucans is strongly influenced by cytokines and microbial-derived factors that are usual components of the inflammatory milieu. These responses can be sorted into three main patterns i) an elementary response dependent on phagosomal processing of pathogen-associated molecular patterns and/or receptor-independent, direct membrane binding linked to the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif-bearing transmembrane adaptor DNAX-activating protein 12, ii) a response primed by TLR4-dependent signals, and iii) a response dependent on M-CSF and dectin-1 B isoform expression that mainly signals through the dectin-1 B/spleen tyrosine kinase/cytosolic phospholipase A2 route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Municio
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Yolanda Alvarez
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Olimpio Montero
- Centro para el Desarrollo de la Biotecnología, CSIC, Parque Tecnológico de Boecillo, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Etzel Hugo
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Mario Rodríguez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, y Fisiología, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Esther Domingo
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Sara Alonso
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Nieves Fernández
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, y Fisiología, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
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Alvarez Y, Rodríguez M, Municio C, Hugo E, Alonso S, Ibarrola N, Fernández N, Crespo MS. Sirtuin 1 is a key regulator of the interleukin-12 p70/interleukin-23 balance in human dendritic cells. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:35689-35701. [PMID: 22893703 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.391839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Stimulation of human dendritic cells with the fungal surrogate zymosan produces IL-23 and a low amount of IL-12 p70. Trans-repression of il12a transcription, which encodes IL-12 p35 chain, by proteins of the Notch family and lysine deacetylation reactions have been reported as the underlying mechanisms, but a number of questions remain to be addressed. Zymosan produced the location of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) to the nucleus, enhanced its association with the il12a promoter, increased the nuclear concentration of the SIRT1 co-substrate NAD(+), and decreased chromatin accessibility in the nucleosome-1 of il12a, which contains a κB-site. The involvement of deacetylation reactions in the inhibition of il12a transcription was supported by the absence of Ac-Lys-14-histone H3 in dendritic cells treated with zymosan upon coimmunoprecipitation of transducin-like enhancer of split. In contrast, we did not obtain evidence of a possible effect of SIRT1 through the deacetylation of c-Rel, the central element of the NF-κB family involved in il12a regulation. These data indicate that an enhancement of SIRT1 activity in response to phagocytic stimuli may reduce the accessibility of c-Rel to the il12a promoter and its transcriptional activation, thus regulating the IL-12 p70/IL-23 balance and modulating the ongoing immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Alvarez
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Mario Rodríguez
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Cristina Municio
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Etzel Hugo
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Sara Alonso
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Nieves Ibarrola
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Nieves Fernández
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, y Fisiología, Universidad de Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Mariano Sánchez Crespo
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 47003 Valladolid, Spain.
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Gisbert JP, Calvet X, Cosme A, Almela P, Feu F, Bory F, Santolaria S, Aznárez R, Castro M, Fernández N, García-Grávalos R, Benages A, Cañete N, Montoro M, Borda F, Pérez-Aisa A, Piqué JM. Long-term follow-up of 1,000 patients cured of Helicobacter pylori infection following an episode of peptic ulcer bleeding. Am J Gastroenterol 2012; 107:1197-204. [PMID: 22613904 DOI: 10.1038/ajg.2012.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication on ulcer bleeding recurrence in a prospective, long-term study including 1,000 patients. METHODS Patients with peptic ulcer bleeding were prospectively included. Prior non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use was not considered exclusion criteria. H. pylori infection was confirmed by rapid urease test, histology, or (13)C-urea breath test. Several eradication therapies were used. Subsequently, ranitidine 150 mg o.d. was administered until eradication was confirmed by (13)C-urea breath test 8 weeks after completing therapy. Patients with therapy failure received a second, third, or fourth course of eradication therapy. Patients with eradication success did not receive maintenance anti-ulcer therapy and were controlled yearly with a repeat breath test. NSAID use was not permitted during follow-up. RESULTS Thousand patients were followed up for at least 12 months, with a total of 3,253 patient-years of follow-up. Mean age 56 years, 75% males, 41% previous NSAID users. In all, 69% had duodenal ulcer, 27% gastric ulcer, and 4% pyloric ulcer. Recurrence of bleeding was demonstrated in three patients at 1 year (which occurred after NSAID use in two cases, and after H. pylori reinfection in another one), and in two more patients at 2 years (one after NSAID use and another after H. pylori reinfection). The cumulative incidence of rebleeding was 0.5% (95% confidence interval, 0.16-1.16%), and the incidence rate of rebleeding was 0.15% (0.05-0.36%) per patient-year of follow up. CONCLUSION Peptic ulcer rebleeding virtually does not occur in patients with complicated ulcers after H. pylori eradication. Maintenance anti-ulcer (antisecretory) therapy is not necessary if eradication is achieved. However, NSAID intake or H. pylori reinfection may exceptionally cause rebleeding in H. pylori-eradicated patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Gisbert
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
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Jabeen A, Alkhatib S, Hicks C, Uddin T, Hakam S, Jain P, Fernández N. Extra-villous trophoblast cytoskeleton deformation under co-infection with viral and bacterial agents. J Reprod Immunol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2012.03.365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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36
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Municio C, Hugo E, Alvarez Y, Alonso S, Blanco L, Fernández N, Sánchez Crespo M. Apoptotic cells enhance IL-10 and reduce IL-23 production in human dendritic cells treated with zymosan. Mol Immunol 2011; 49:97-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2011.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2011] [Revised: 07/27/2011] [Accepted: 07/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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37
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Jabeen A, Laissue P, Jain P, Shakhawat A, Shaikly V, Fernández N. Study of MHC class I molecules associations: Is receptor interaction at the cell-surface important at the feto-maternal interface? J Reprod Immunol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2011.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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38
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Fernández N, García-Villalón AL, Monge L, Montoya JJ, García JL, Gómez B, Diéguez G. Response of Rabbit Ear and Femoral Arteries to 5-Hydroxytryptamine During Cooling. J Pharm Pharmacol 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1995.tb05732.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The effects of cooling on the response of cutaneous and non-cutaneous arteries to 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were analysed.
Segments 2-mm long from rabbit central ear (cutaneous) and femoral (non-cutaneous) arteries were prepared for isometric tension recording in an organ bath at 37 and 24°C (cooling). 5-HT (10−9-3 times 10−4 M) induced concentration-dependent contraction of the arteries. The sensitivity and maximal contraction of ear arteries and only the maximal contraction of femoral arteries to this amine were reduced at 24°C.
Endothelium removal or pretreatment with the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME, 10−5 m) did not affect the response at 37°C but reversed the decreased sensitivity at 24°C in ear arteries, and neither procedure modified the reactivity at 24 or 37°C in femoral arteries to 5-HT. At both temperatures, the response of ear arteries to 5-HT was shifted to the right by phentolamine (10−6M) more than by the 5-HT antagonist, ketanserin (3 times 10−7M), and that of femoral arteries was shifted to the right by ketanserin or the 5-HT1/5-HT2 antagonist methysergide (3 times 10−7 M) more than by phentolamine, in arteries with and without endothelium.
These data concur with the proposition that the contraction to 5-HT is mediated mainly by α-adrenergic receptors in ear arteries and mainly by 5-HT-ergic receptors in femoral arteries, and suggest that cooling reduces the sensitivity of cutaneous, but not of deep arteries to 5-HT, probably by endothelium-nitric oxide-dependent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Fernández
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - A L García-Villalón
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - L Monge
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - J J Montoya
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - J L García
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - B Gómez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - G Diéguez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Canteros CE, Toranzo A, Ibarra-Camou B, David V, Carrizo SG, Santillán-Iturres A, Serrano J, Fernández N, Capece P, Gorostiaga J, Chacón YA, Tonelli R, Boscaro G, Abiega C, Mendieta S, Fernández C, Fernández A, Vitale R, Santos P, Pizarro MR, López-Joffre MC, Lee W, Mazza M, Posse G, Tiraboschi IN, Negroni R, Davel G. [Coccidioidomycosis in Argentina, 1892-2009]. Rev Argent Microbiol 2011; 42:261-8. [PMID: 21229194 DOI: 10.1590/s0325-75412010000400004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2010] [Accepted: 10/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical cases of coccidioidomycosis are rare in Argentina and are generally found in the large arid precordilleran area of the country. This study aims to perform a retrospective review of all coccidioidomycosis cases documented in the country from 1892 to 2009, and to describe those occurring in the last 4 years. One hundred and twenty eight cases were documented in the 117 year-period. Since the original description of the disease in 1892 until 1939, only 6 cases were registered; between 1940 and 1999, 59 (6-14/10 yrs) and the remaining 63 (49% of total cases) occurred in the last decade. The median age of 34 patients registered in 2006-2009 was 31 years (range: 7-89), male/female ratio was 1.3:1 and 12 patients were immunocompromised. Twenty-six cases were confirmed by direct microscopy and/or culture whereas the remaining ones by serology. All isolates were identified as Coccidioides posadasii. Thirty patients lived in a vast geographic region with epicenter in Catamarca Valley. Between 2006 and 2009, annual disease incidence rates in Catamarca Province increased from historical values below 0.5/100,000 to 2/100,000 inhabitants. Such increase suggests an emergency of coccidioidomycosis in that region.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Canteros
- Departamento Micología, INEI, ANLIS Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires.
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40
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Alvarez Y, Municio C, Hugo E, Zhu J, Alonso S, Hu X, Fernández N, Sánchez Crespo M. Notch- and transducin-like enhancer of split (TLE)-dependent histone deacetylation explain interleukin 12 (IL-12) p70 inhibition by zymosan. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:16583-95. [PMID: 21402701 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.222158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The fungal analog zymosan induces IL-23 and low amounts of IL-12 p70. This study addresses the molecular mechanisms underlying this cytokine pattern in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells. The transcriptional regulation of il23a, one of the chains of IL-23, depended on the activation of c-Rel and histone H3 phosphorylation, as judged from the association of c-Rel with the il23a promoter and the correlation between IL-23 production and Ser-10-histone H3 phosphorylation. Consistent with its reduced ability to produce IL-12 p70, zymosan induced a transient occupancy of the il12a promoter by c-Rel, blocked the production of IL-12 p70 and the transcription of il12a induced by other stimuli, and triggered the expression and nuclear translocation of the transcriptional repressors of the Notch family hairy and enhancer of split (Hes)-1, Hes5, hairy/enhancer-of-split related with YRPW motif protein (Hey)-1, and transducin-like enhancer of split (TLE). Zymosan also induced the interaction of Hes1 and TLE with histone H3 phosphorylated on Ser-10 and deacetylated on Lys-14. Inhibition of class III histone deacetylases increased the production of IL-12 p70 and partially blunted the inhibitory effect of zymosan on the production of IL-12 p70 elicited by LPS and IFN-γ. These results indicate that the selective induction of IL-23 by β-glucans is explained by the activation of c-Rel associated with Ser-10-histone H3 phosphorylation in the il23a promoter mediated by mitogen- and stress-activated kinase and/or protein kinase A and inhibition of il12a transcription by a mechanism involving activation of several corepressors with the ability to bind TLE and to promote histone deacetylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Alvarez
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 47003-Valladolid, Spain
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Fernández C, Bevilacqua E, Fernández N, Gajate P, de la Cámara AG, Garcimartín M, Vives R, Rodríguez J. Asthma related to Alternaria sensitization: an analysis of skin-test and serum-specific IgE efficiency based on the bronchial provocation test. Clin Exp Allergy 2010; 41:649-56. [PMID: 21105919 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2010.03645.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is difficult to find a causal relationship between exposure to Alternaria spores and the development of asthma symptoms in sensitized individuals due to the complexity of clinical situations in which positive diagnostic tests are often found. OBJECTIVE To analyse the diagnostic efficiency of skin testing (ST) and serum-specific IgE to Alternaria, based on the results of a bronchial specific challenge with Alternaria extracts. METHODS Seventy-four asthmatic patients sensitized to Alternaria underwent a specific bronchial challenge with this mould. Skin-testing weal sizes, serum-specific IgE values (CAP-system) and bronchial challenge results were analysed by receiver operating characteristics curves (ROC curves) and logistic regression. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were calculated for different cut-off points. RESULTS Bronchial challenges to Alternaria elicited a positive result in 45 patients (61%). Skin prick testing almost perfectly predicted the outcome of bronchoprovocation tests (area under the ROC curve of 0.957), whereas intradermal skin testing had moderate efficacy. A negative result for skin prick test (SPT) showed a 4% probability of a positive bronchial challenge in the logistic regression analysis. However, weals around 5.5 mm in diameter had 90% probability of a positive challenge. Quantification of serum-specific IgE correctly classified 86% of the cases. In the logistic regression analysis, a CAP value 16 kU(A)/L predicted a positive bronchial challenge result with 99% accuracy, whereas for a CAP value <0.35 kU(A)/L, this probability was 33%. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Most asthmatic patients with positive SPT results to Alternaria would have a positive bronchial challenge. As atmospheric mould levels may vary significantly with the weather conditions, sensitized patients should be instructed on the risk situations, environmental control measures and the importance of correct medication compliance. Immunotherapy with Alternaria could also be taken into account as a valid therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Fernández
- Allergy Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.
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42
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Shakhawat A, Shaikly V, Fernández N. Anti-inflammatory interleukin-4 (IL-4) cytokine regulates human leukocyte antigen-G expression in a trophoblast cell line. J Reprod Immunol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2010.08.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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43
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Jabeen A, Jain P, Laissue P, Suhling K, Levitt J, Shaikly V, Shakhawat A, Fernández N. Physical interactions of HLA-G with MHC class I partner molecules on the surface of two trophoblast cell lines, JEG-3 and ACH-3P, by Förster resonance energy transfer based on fluorescence lifetime measurements. J Reprod Immunol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2010.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Requena R, Balasch S, Peris C, Rodríguez M, Fernández N. Dose response of lactating dairy ewes during suckling and milking to bovine somatotropin. J Anim Sci 2010; 88:3136-44. [PMID: 20525930 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2009-2690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives were to determine the effect of administering recombinant bovine ST (bST) every 14 d on milk yield and milk composition in dairy ewes and to assess the possible effects of treatment on milk yield loss that occurs at lamb weaning. Seventy-two lactating dairy ewes were separated into 4 groups at lambing, and each group received no bST (control) or 40, 80, or 120 mg of bST every 14 d until wk 20 of lactation. During the first 5 wk of lactation, ewes suckled their lambs during the night and were milked once daily (period 1). After weaning, from 6 to 22 wk of lactation, ewes were exclusively milked twice daily (period 2). Actual milk yield, potential milk yield, and milk component percentages were recorded weekly throughout lactation. In period 1, bST-treated groups increased yields of potential milk (P = 0.04) and the corresponding 6% fat-corrected milk (FCM; P = 0.04) but not actual milk yield (P = 0.42) compared with the untreated group. In period 2, treated groups increased potential (P < 0.01) and actual (P < 0.01) milk yields as well as their corresponding 6% FCM (potential, P < 0.01; actual, P < 0.01), in comparison with the untreated group. The group treated with 120 mg of bST every 14 d yielded 39% more actual milk and 44% more 6% FCM than the control group for period 2. At weaning, between the last week of period 1 and the first week of period 2, treated groups showed similar absolute (P = 0.15) and relative (P = 0.33) values for the potential milk losses compared with the control group. Treatments increased (P = 0.04) actual milk fat percentages during period 1, but did not affect the other milk components or somatic cell count. In summary, bST increased potential milk yield throughout lactation and actual milk yield only after weaning in dairy ewes. In dairy ewes, bST was not useful for reducing the milk yield loss that occurred at weaning.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Requena
- Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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Fernández N, Murias E, Vega P, Sainz A, Meilán A. [Angioplasty confirmation of the spontaneous resolution of two low-flow carotid-cavernous fistulas]. Neurologia 2010; 25:333-336. [PMID: 20643045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
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46
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Solís G, de Los Reyes-Gavilan CG, Fernández N, Margolles A, Gueimonde M. Establishment and development of lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria microbiota in breast-milk and the infant gut. Anaerobe 2010; 16:307-10. [PMID: 20176122 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2010.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2009] [Revised: 11/23/2009] [Accepted: 02/11/2010] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The initial establishment of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and bifidobacteria in the newborn and the role of breast-milk as a source of these microorganisms are not yet well understood. The establishment of these microorganisms during the first 3 months of life in 20 vaginally delivered breast-fed full-term infants, and the presence of viable Bifidobacterium in the corresponding breast-milk samples was evaluated. In 1 day-old newborns Enterococcus and Streptococcus were the microorganisms most frequently isolated, from 10 days of age until 3 months bifidobacteria become the predominant group. In breast-milk, Streptococcus was the genus most frequently isolated and Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium were also obtained. Breast-milk contains viable lactobacilli and bifidobacteria that might contribute to the initial establishment of the microbiota in the newborn.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Solís
- Servicio de Pediatria, Hospital de Cabueñes, SESPA, Gijón, Asturias, Spain
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47
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Fernández N, Murias E, Vega P, Sainz A, Meilán A. Angiographic confirmation of the spontaneous resolution of two low-flow carotid-cavernous fistulae. Neurología (English Edition) 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s2173-5808(10)70062-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
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48
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Salamanca MJ, Fernández N, Cesar A, Antón R, Lopez P, Delvalls A. Improved sea-urchin embryo bioassay for in situ evaluation of dredged material. Ecotoxicology 2009; 18:1051-1057. [PMID: 19590952 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-009-0378-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2009] [Accepted: 06/24/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Sediments usually contain many contaminants derived from human activities. In case of dredging activities, these sediment-bound contaminants arise following the excavation and remobilization of sediments. Previous studies have used different species of clam, crabs, lugworms, etc. for the evaluation of dredged material in situ, but there are not studies that use acute bioassays for these purposes. The sea-urchin embryo bioassay has been chosen to characterize biological effects in situ in two ports of the southwest of Spain, the Port of Huelva and the Port of Cadiz. The sea-urchin embryo bioassay has been adapted for in situ evaluation of seawater quality in coastal areas, however, they are necessary for further improvements to take into account differences of temperature between sites. This temperature variation is one of the principal reasons (other than pollution) of larval mortality and the slow down in the growth rate of the urchin. In the present study a bioassay was conducted in both field and laboratory conditions, in order to compare the effects in situ with the effects under controlled conditions of temperature, salinity and oxygen dissolved. Results showed a good correlation between samples obtained in situ and in the laboratory, but in the field the percentage of normal pluteus larvae is less than under laboratory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Salamanca
- Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Universidad de Cádiz, Polígono Río San Pedro s/n, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
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Galvis-Ovallos F, Espinosa Y, Gutiérrez-Marín R, Fernández N, Rodriguez-Morales A, Sandoval C. O9 Climate variability and Lutzomyia spinicrassa abundance in an area of cutaneous leishmaniasis transmission in Norte de Santander, Colombia. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-8579(09)70156-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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50
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Alvarez Y, Municio C, Alonso S, Sánchez Crespo M, Fernández N. The induction of IL-10 by zymosan in dendritic cells depends on CREB activation by the coactivators CREB-binding protein and TORC2 and autocrine PGE2. J Immunol 2009; 183:1471-9. [PMID: 19564345 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0900312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Stimulation of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells with the yeast extract zymosan is characterized by a predominant production of IL-10 and a strong induction of cyclooxygenase-2, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this response are only partially understood. To address this issue, the activation of transcription factors that may bind to the il10 proximal promoter was studied. Binding activity to Sp1, Sp3, NF-Y, and cAMP response element (CRE) sites was detected in the nuclear extracts of dendritic cells; however these binding activities were not influenced by zymosan. No binding activity to Stat1, Stat3, and c/EBP sites was detected. Notably, zymosan activated kappaB-binding activity, but inhibition of NF-kappaB was associated with enhanced IL-10 production. In sharp contrast, treatments acting on CREB (CRE binding protein), including 8-Br-cAMP, PGE(2), and inhibitors of PKA, COX, and glycogen-synthase kinase-3beta showed a direct correlation between CREB activation and IL-10 production. Zymosan induced binding of both P-CREB and CREB-binding protein (CBP) to the il10 promoter as judged from chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, whereas negative results were obtained with Ab reactive to Sp1, Sp3, c-Maf, and NF-Y. Zymosan also induced nuclear translocation of the CREB coactivator transducer of regulated CREB activity 2 (TORC2) and interaction of TORC2 with P-CREB coincidental with the association of CREB to the il10 promoter. Altogether, our data show that zymosan induces il10 transcription by a CRE-dependent mechanism that involves autocrine secretion of PGE(2) and a network of interactions of PKA, MAP/ERK, glycogen-synthase kinase-3beta, and calcineurin, which regulate CREB transcriptional activity by binding the coactivators CBP and TORC2 and inhibiting CBP interaction with other transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Alvarez
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Valladolid, Spain
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