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Arya P, Kumar P. Effect of Carrier Agents on Quality Parameters of Spray-Dried Encapsulated Diosgenin Powder and the Optimization of Process Parameters. Foods 2023; 12:2330. [PMID: 37372541 DOI: 10.3390/foods12122330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Fenugreek seeds are a rich source of bioactive compounds, such as diosgenin, which is one of the most crucial steroidal sapogenins emerging in the field with its spectacular health benefits. Plant-based diosgenin is bitter in taste and has remarkably low consumption levels, making it unable to fulfil the role of improving health benefits. Diosgenin is spray dried to mask bitterness and astringent flavors with two different wall materials, such as maltodextrin (MD) and whey protein concentrate (WPC), separately. The spray-drying condition of the selected optimization process was inlet air temperature (IAT 150-170 °C), feed flow rate (FFR 300-500 mL/h), and carrier agent concentration (CAC 10-20%). The optimization of the process variable was conducted for producing optimized encapsulated diosgenin powder (EDP) with both MD and WPC. The selected parameters, such as yield, encapsulation efficiency, moisture content, antioxidant activity, hygroscopicity, and solubility, are investigated in this current work. Based on the experimental results, the significant R2 values depict the model fitting to the responses. EDP revealed an optimization condition at 170 °C IAT, 500 mL/h FFR, and 20% CAC for MD and WPC. The highest responses were observed with WPC-EDP, such as yield at 82.25%, encapsulation efficiency at 88.60%, antioxidant activity at 53.95%, and hygroscopicity at 12.64%. MD-EDP revealed higher solubility at 96.64% and moisture content at 2.58%. EDP was studied using micrographs and diffractograms for the optimized samples, which revealed a smooth and dented surface with an amorphous nature for MD-EDP and WPC-EDP, respectively. EDP exhibited acceptable powder properties with regard to fulfilling the set purpose. EDP can be a better potential ingredient in different food matrices to act as a delivery vehicle for various health aliments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prajya Arya
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Sangrur 148106, Punjab, India
| | - Pradyuman Kumar
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Sangrur 148106, Punjab, India
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Arya P, Kumar P. Production of encapsulated (25R)-Spirost-5-en-3β-ol powder with composite coating material and its characterization. Steroids 2023; 194:109218. [PMID: 36893828 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2023.109218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
The potential of the (25R)-Spirost-5-en-3β-ol (diosgenin) is underutilized due to its astringent mouthfeel and aftertaste. To make the consumption more, this research rivets over the use of suitable techniques for encapsulating the diosgenin to use its health benefits for preventing the health disorders. The (25R)-Spirost-5-en-3β-ol(diosgenin) is gaining popularity in the food market by proving its potential health benefits. This study rivets over the encapsulation of diosgenin due to its high bitter taste which restricts its incorporation in functional foods. Maltodextrin and whey protein concentrates were used as the carrier for encapsulating diosgenin at varying concentrations from 0.1 to 0.5 % and evaluated for powder properties. The optimal conditions were obtained based on the most suited data ranged from the selected properties for the powder. The spray dried 0.3% diosgenin powder produced most suitable properties for powder recovery, encapsulation efficiency, moisture content, water activity, hygroscopicity, and particle size as 51.69-72.18%, 54.51-83.46%, 1.86-3.73%, 0.38-0.51, 10.55-14.08% and 40.38-88.02 μm respectively. The significance of this study relies on the more and better utilization of the fenugreek diosgenin in edible form by masking the bitterness. After encapsulation the spray dried diosgenin is more accessible in powder format with edible maltodextrin and whey protein concentrate. The spray dried diosgenin powder could be a potential agent that fulfils nutritional demands along with protection from some chronic health perturb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prajya Arya
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Longowal, Punjab 148106, India.
| | - Pradyuman Kumar
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Longowal, Punjab 148106, India
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Arya P, Kumar P. Diosgenin: An ingress towards solving puzzle for diabetes treatment. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14390. [PMID: 36106684 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The consumption and composition of food in daily life predict our health in long run. The relation of diabetes to sweets is quite popular. Diabetes hampers the glucose and insulin regulation in the human body by damaging pancreatic β cells. Diabetes has a strong potential towards altering cellular mechanisms of organs causing unlawful performance. Diabetes alters pathways like TLR4, AChE, NF-ĸB, LPL, and PPAR at different sites that affect the normal cellular machinery and cause damage to the local tissue and organ. The long-lasting effect of diabetes was observed in vascular, cardia, nervous, skeletal, reproductive, hepatic, ocular, and renal systems. The increasing awareness of diabetes and its concern has awakened the common people more enthusiastically. Due to rising harm from diabetes, scientific researchers tend to have more eyes toward it. While searching for diabetes solutions, fenugreek diosgenin could pop up with some positive effects in curing the same. Diosgenin helps to lower the scathe of diabetes by modifying cellular pathways in favor of healthy bodily functions. Diosgenin altered the pathways for renewal of pancreatic β cells for better insulin secretion, initiate GLUT4, enhanced DHEA, modify ER-α-mediated PI3K/Akt pathways. Diosgenin can be an appropriate insult for diabetes in a much evolving way for a healthy lifestyle. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Diabetes is one of the most death causing diseases in the medical world. Regrettably the cure of diabetes is yet to be found. Various scientific team working on the same to look after the most appropriate way for diabetes treatment. There is enormous growth of nutraceutical in the market claiming for cure of different metabolic disorders. Among various bioactive compound fenugreek's diosgenin could took a leap over other in curing and preventing the damage caused by diabetes to different organs. The role of diosgenin in curing various metabolic disorders is quite popular from some time. This article also emphasizes over beneficiary effect of diosgenin in curing the damages caused by diabetes by altering cellular metabolism processes. Hence diosgenin could be a better way for researchers to develop a method for diabetes treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prajya Arya
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Longowal, India
| | - Pradyuman Kumar
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Longowal, India
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Yedase GS, Venugopal S, Arya P, Yatham VR. Catalyst‐free Hantzsch ester‐mediated Organic Transformations Driven by Visible light. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Girish Suresh Yedase
- IISER-TVM: Indian Institute of Science Education Research Thiruvananthapuram School of Chemistry INDIA
| | - Sreelakshmi Venugopal
- IISER-TVM: Indian Institute of Science Education Research Thiruvananthapuram School of Chemistry INDIA
| | - P Arya
- IISER-TVM: Indian Institute of Science Education Research Thiruvananthapuram School of Chemistry INDIA
| | - Veera Reddy Yatham
- IISER-TVM: Indian Institute of Science Education Research Thiruvananthapuram School of Chemistry Thiruvananthapuram 695551 Thiruvananthapuram INDIA
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Arya P, Kumar P. Diosgenin a steroidal compound: An emerging way to cancer management. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e14005. [PMID: 34799857 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
To endure respective research for cancer via common food ingredients has become more prominent with preferably minuscule toxicity. Spices are emerging as a new source of bioactive compounds which have the potential to cure cancer. Fenugreek is rich in diosgenin that has curative and preventive potency toward various cancers. Cancer is invading various cellular mechanisms by altering cellular receptors. Cancer falsifies healthy cells by altered cell receptors like p38, p53, mTOR, Akt, and PARP. Distinct stages of cancer development are triggered by various cellular mechanisms. Diosgenin helps in suppressing cancer mechanisms and induces programmed cell death. Diosgenin brought changes in treatment line of lung, breast, prostate, liver, and colon cancer. Apoptosis changes cytoplasmic different caspase pathways and triggers selected sequence for cancer cell line death. Cell death comprised of series of events carried out by metalloprotease caspase. The complex relationship among cancer, caspase, cell death, and cellular receptors is reviewed in this article in respect of diosgenin. The utilization of diosgenin in creating a bar for cancer, its triggering sites, and various ways to cause apoptosis of abnormal cells. This article focused on diosgenin, its role in the prevention of different cancer and cellular apoptosis throughout different pathways involved in complex interaction of bioactive compound-cellular mechanism cancer. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The concept of curing diseases from daily routine food is quite old. Fenugreek is an excellent source of various bioactive compounds especially diosgenin. Diosgenin is steroidal sapogenin that cures various health issues including cancers. Cancer is one of the most life-threating disease which can affect any cell, tissue, and organ in living system. Diosgenin is proved to be beneficial in terms curing cancer of various types but majorly include lung, liver, colon breast, and prostate. Cancer cure with diosgenin is providing a new base to the pharmaceutical and medical researchers to commence new and more specific journey of diosgenin. Diosgenin could alter cellular pathways that modify cell mechanism in way toward treating cancer. Cell mechanism mainly affected by the interaction of cell signals and cell different receptors that cause triggered cell death. This review article focused over various cancer and diosgenin effect in controlling different cellular pathways which include cellular signaling and cell death mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prajya Arya
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Longowal, India
| | - Pradyuman Kumar
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Longowal, India
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Arya P, Kumar P. Comparison of ultrasound and microwave assisted extraction of diosgenin from Trigonella foenum graceum seed. Ultrason Sonochem 2021; 74:105572. [PMID: 33933831 PMCID: PMC8105685 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
From the recent market trend, there is a huge demand for the bioactive compounds from various food matrices that could be capable enough to combat the emerging health effects in day-to-day life. Fenugreek is a well-known spice from ancient times for its medicinal and health benefits. In the present study, two methods of green extraction microwave (MAE) and ultrasound (UAE) assisted were studied in regard of extraction of fenugreek diosgenin. In this study, solvent type (acetone, ethanol, hexane and petroleum ether), solvent concentration (40, 60, 80 and 100%) and treatment time (1.5, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0 min and 30, 40, 50 and 60 min for MAE and UAE method respectively) was varied to observe the effect of these parameters over extract yield and diosgenin content. The results of this study revealed that treatment time, type of solvent and its concentration and method adopted for extraction of diosgenin has significant effect. In relation with better yield extract and diosgenin content, the yield of fenugreek seed extract was 7.83% with MAE and 21.48% with UAE of fenugreek seed powder at 80% ethanol concentration at 6 and 60 min respectively. The content of diosgenin was observed in fenugreek seed powder extract was 35.50 mg/100 g in MAE and 40.37 mg/100 g in UAE with 80% ethanol concentration at 6 and 60 min respectively. The overall range of yield of fenugreek extract was varied from 1.04% to 32.48% and diosgenin content was 15.82 mg/100 g to 40.37 mg/100 g of fenugreek seed powder including both extraction methods. This study revealed that UAE would impose better ways for preparing fenugreek extract and observing diosgenin content from fenugreek seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prajya Arya
- Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Longowal, Punjab 148106, India
| | - Pradyuman Kumar
- Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Longowal, Punjab 148106, India.
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Munshi M, Arya P, Kumar P. Physico-Chemical Analysis and Fatty Acid Profiling of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) Seed Oil Using Different Solvents. J Oleo Sci 2020; 69:1349-1358. [PMID: 33055445 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess20137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) a native to Southern Europe, Mediterranean region and Western Asia has been used as a spice all over the world to increase the sensory quality to the food. It is also known for its medicinal properties such as anti-diabetic, anti-carcinogenic, hypocholesterolemic and immunological activities and can also be used as a food stabilizer and emulsifying agent. The ash, protein, moisture and fiber content of defatted fenugreek seed powder obtained were 9%, 23.04%, 3.8%, 25.47% respectively. So, this study is systematically intended to determine the fatty acid composition, to be best among the different solvents used are the ethanol, petroleum ether, acetone and hexane for the extraction of the fenugreek seed oil and to analyze its susceptibility to oxidation. This study was carried out to investigate and examine the results such as acid value, peroxide value, saponification value, iodine value and the physical properties such as the color value and the refractive index of the seed oil. The results stipulate that the oil extracted using the solvent hexane had better quality and yield. Linoleic acid (41.97%) followed by alpha-linolenic acid (29.33%) and cis-9 oleic acid (12.95%) was found as the primary fatty acids present in the oil extracted using hexane. Along with these fatty acids, the PUFA content of hexane oil (71.30%) was also observed to be in a good range. So, on comparing these results with codex standards, it revealed that it can be considered as edible oil with further purifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohona Munshi
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology
| | - Prajya Arya
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology
| | - Pradyuman Kumar
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology
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Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the effect of embelin in metabolic endotoxemia (ME) mediated inflammation and associated obesity in high fat diet (HFD)-fed C57BL/6 mice. The molecular docking of embelin confirms its binding with the toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4). In vivo study, mice were treated with HFD for 8 weeks to induce ME mediated inflammation and associated obesity. Further, mice were treated with embelin (50 and 100 mg/kg/day, p.o.) and orlistat (10 mg/kg/day, p.o.) from 5th to 8th week along with HFD to improve associated changes. After 8 weeks, mice were euthanized and assessed for body weight, body mass index (BMI), fat pad weights (mesenteric, retroperitoneal, and epididymal), intestinal permeability, TLR-4, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, lipopolysaccharide, and serum lipid levels followed by histopathological analysis of liver and adipose tissues. Embelin significantly decreased the body weight, BMI, serum lipid levels, ME, and inflammation manifested by above parameters. Further, results of histopathological study showed that embelin restored the vacuolization, inflammation, one side shifting of nucleus in liver tissue, and decreased adipocyte cells size in adipose tissue in HFD-fed mice. Thus, our findings provide the strong evidence first time that embelin could modulate ME, mediate inflammation, and consequently reduce body weight gain, BMI, and serum lipid levels in HFD-fed mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bansal
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (SPER), 28848Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - U Bhandari
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (SPER), 28848Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - K Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (SPER), 28848Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - P Arya
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (SPER), 28848Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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Arya P, Kaithwas G. Combined therapy of gabapentin with pantoprazole exhibited better protective action against forestomach and pylorus ligation-induced gastric esophageal reflux disease in albino Wistar rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2019; 39:492-499. [PMID: 31868530 DOI: 10.1177/0960327119893409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The current study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of combined therapy of gabapentin and pantoprazole against forestomach and pylorus ligation-induced gastric esophageal reflux disease (GERD) in albino Wistar rats. Rats were randomly divided into five groups, each group consisting of six rats, fasted for 24 h, underwent forestomach and pylorus ligation, received normal saline (3 ml/kg, p.o.), normal control, toxic control, pantoprazole (30 mg/kg, p.o.), gabapentin (50 mg/kg, p.o.), or their combination. After 10 h, animals were killed by cervical dislocation and evaluated for pH of gastric content, volume of gastric juice, total acidity, and esophagitis index. Esophageal tissues were further analyzed for biochemical parameters such as superoxide dismutase, glutathione, catalase, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, and protein carbonyl, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and histopathology were used for morphological evaluation. The results show the combination therapy of gabapentin and pantoprazole significantly inhibited the volume of gastric juice and total acidity esophagitis index and significantly increased the pH of gastric juice. Treatment with gabapentin and pantoprazole exhibited maximum antioxidant effect in comparison with monotherapy. Marked protection and restoration of normal morphology was observed through SEM and histopathology in the combination therapy as compared to monotherapy. Finally, it was concluded that combination therapy of pantoprazole and gabapentin has beneficial effect against GERD.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Arya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - G Kaithwas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Arya P, Pradhan P, Paria A, Sharma R, Verma DK, Ravindra, Rathore G, Sood N. Ontogeny and tissue-specific expression of immune-relevant genes in Catla catla (Hamilton). Gene Expr Patterns 2019; 34:119071. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2019.119071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Pradhan PK, Paria A, Pande V, Verma DK, Arya P, Rathore G, Sood N. Expression of immune genes in Indian major carp, Catla catla challenged with Flavobacterium columnare. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2019; 94:599-606. [PMID: 31542493 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.09.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Columnaris disease, caused by Flavobacterium columnare, is one of the important bacterial diseases responsible for large-scale mortalities in numerous freshwater fishes globally. This disease can cause up to 100% mortality within 24 h of infection and is considered to be a cause of concern for aquaculture industry. Despite being a serious disease, scarce information is available regarding host-pathogen interaction, particularly the modulation of different immune genes in response to F. columnare infection. Therefore, in the present study, an attempt has been made to study expression of important immune regulatory genes, namely IL-1β, iNOS, INF-γ, IL-10, TGF-β, C3, MHC-I and MHC-II in gills and kidney of Catla catla following experimental infection with F. columnare. The expression analysis of immune genes revealed that transcript levels of IL-1β, iNOS, IL-10, TGF-β, C3 and MHC-I were significantly up-regulated (p < 0.05) in both the organs of the infected catla. IFN-γ and MHC-II were up-regulated in gills of infected catla whereas, both the genes showed down-regulation in kidney. The results indicate that important immune genes of C. catla are modulated following infection with F. columnare. The knowledge thus generated will strengthen the understanding of molecular pathogenesis of F. columnare in Indian major carp C. catla.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Pradhan
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Anutosh Paria
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Veena Pande
- Department of Biotechnology, Kumaun University, Nainital, 263136, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Dev K Verma
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - P Arya
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - G Rathore
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - N Sood
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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To JK, Arya P, Barros Sierra S. 2988 Patient Perceptions of Laparoscopic and Robotic Gynecologic Surgery. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2019.09.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Seetharaj R, Vandana P, Arya P, Mathew S. Dependence of solvents, pH, molar ratio and temperature in tuning metal organic framework architecture. ARAB J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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14
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Mucumbitsi J, Bulwer B, Mutesa L, Ndahindwa V, Semakula M, Rusingiza E, Arya P, Breakey S, Patton-Bolman C, Kaplan EL. Prevalence of rheumatic valvular heart disease in Rwandan school children: echocardiographic evaluation using the World Heart Federation criteria. Cardiovasc J Afr 2017; 28:285-292. [PMID: 28252675 PMCID: PMC5730679 DOI: 10.5830/cvja-2017-007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatic fever (RF) and rheumatic valvular heart disease (RHD) remain important medical, surgical and public health concerns in many parts of the world, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. However, there are no published data from Rwanda. We performed a RHD prevalence study in a randomly selected sample of Rwandan school children using the 2012 World Heart Federation (WHF) criteria. METHODS Echocardiographic assessment of 2 501 Rwandan school children from 10 schools in the Gasabo district near Kigali was carried out. Resulting data were evaluated by four experienced echocardiographers. Statistical analyses were carried out by statisticians. RESULTS RHD prevalence was 6.8/1 000 children examined (95% CI: 4.2/1 000-10.9/1 000). Seventeen met WHF criteria for RHD, 13 fulfilled criteria for 'borderline' RHD and four were 'definite' RHD. None of these 17 had been previously identified. CONCLUSION These data indicate a significant burden of RHD in Rwanda and support a need for defined public health RF control programmes in children there.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Mucumbitsi
- Rwandan Heart Foundation and Department of Pediatrics, King Faisal Hospital, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - B Bulwer
- Noninvasive Cardiovascular Research, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - L Mutesa
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - V Ndahindwa
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - M Semakula
- Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda; Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistical and Statistical Bioinformatics, University of Hasselt, Belgium
| | - E Rusingiza
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - P Arya
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - S Breakey
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Institute of Health Professions, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - E L Kaplan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
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Abstract
The antagonistic activity of five aquatic hyphomycetes, viz., Heliscus lugdunensis, Tetrachaetum elegans, Tetracladium breve, T. marchalianum, and T. nainitalense, against seven plant pathogenic fungi was studied using a dual culture technique. Inhibitory activity of tested aquatic hyphomycetes was determined by measuring the radial growth of plant pathogenic fungi on dual culture plates. Tetrachaetum elegans showed antagonistic activity against Colletotrichum falcatum, Fusarium oxysporum, Pyricularia oryzae, Sclerotium sclerotiorum, and Tilletia indicaHeliscus lugdunensis showed antagonism against only two plant pathogenic fungi, Rhizoctonia solani and Colletotrichum falcatum.Tetracladium breve, T. marchalianum, and T. nainitalense showed no response towards tested plant pathogenic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Sati
- Department of Botany, Kumaun University, Nainital, India
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Abstract
An aquatic hyphomycete, Tetracladium nainitalense sp. nov., isolated as a root endophyte from riparian plants from Nainital, Kumaun Himalaya, India, is illustrated and described. The new species is characterized by laterally applanate conidia appearing lobate, with typically four rounded apices and lacking filiform, acicular or subulate elements. An updated key to the species of Tetracladium is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Sati
- Department of Botany, Kumaun University, Nainital, India
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Arya P, Chatterjee P. Gene expression, data analysis and modelling. N Biotechnol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2009.06.967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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18
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Jones M, Bennett J, Gray R, Arya P, Lucas B. Pharmacological management of akathisia in combination with psychological interventions by a mental health nurse consultant. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs 2006; 13:26-32. [PMID: 16441390 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2850.2006.00908.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The article describes the management of akathisia by a mental health nurse (MHN) prescriber, working in partnership with the patient. A single-case design was used to evaluate this. It highlights three features: first, MHN can safely prescribe psychiatric medication in combination with concordance therapy. Second, the value base underpinning prescribing practice is partnership, honesty and choice for the patient. Finally, the pharmacological mechanism of antipsychotic medication, which contributes towards akathisia, requires further analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jones
- Hillingdon Primary Care Trust and Buckinghamshire and Chilterns University, Riverside Centre, Uxbridge, UK.
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19
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Goswami M, Sucharita B, Arya P. Performance evaluation of telemetry stations based on site selection (Short Communication). DEFENCE SCI J 2003. [DOI: 10.14429/dsj.53.2261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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20
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Klippenstein J, Arya P, Wayner DDM. Relative bond dissociation energies for some NADH model compounds from hydride transfer/electron transfer equilibria in acetonitrile. J Org Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jo00024a004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Abstract
In this genomics and proteomics age, highly functionalized natural products or natural-product-like compounds are likely to play important roles in understanding the functions of emerging biological targets because they serve as small-molecule chemical probes in modulating a target's specific actions (i.e. activation or deactivation). Development of stereoselective reaction-derived methods on solid phase provides a means of obtaining functionalized chiral core structures that may be used for high-throughout syntheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Arya
- Chemical Biology Program, Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, K1A 0R6, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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22
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Arya P, Panda G, Rao NV, Alper H, Bourque SC, Manzer LE. Solid-phase catalysis: a biomimetic approach toward ligands on dendritic arms to explore recyclable hydroformylation reactions. J Am Chem Soc 2001; 123:2889-90. [PMID: 11456979 DOI: 10.1021/ja003854s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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23
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Abstract
Combinatorial chemistry has contributed significantly to understanding the structure-function relationships of biologically important molecules such as proteins and nucleic acids. However, carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates, which have been identified as key modulators of several biological functions have not enjoyed the same measure of success. The complexity and synthetic challenges of carbohydrate conjugates have resulted in a number of conceptual approaches to rapidly access sufficient quantities of these biomolecules. This article summarizes these combinatorial approaches and also highlights fully automated library synthesis of artificial glycopeptides with the goals of understanding their biological roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Barkley
- Chemical Biology Program, Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON
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24
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Abstract
A programmed synthesis of neoglycopeptides has been developed in which two, similar or different, glycoside moieties could be attached either (i) at the N-terminal of short peptides or (ii) one at the N-internal and the other(s) at the N-terminal site, in a highly flexible and controlled manner. A stepwise branching of N-terminal peptides has been achieved by glycoside aldehyde reductive amination followed by the glycoside carboxylic acid coupling (model 1). In another approach, after N-alkylation with glycoside aldehyde, the N-glycosylated derivative is subjected to peptide synthesis. This is then followed by the attachment of the second glycoside moiety at the N-terminal using either glycoside aldehyde or glycoside carboxylic acid derivative (model 2). Alternatively, the attachment of second and third glycoside derivatives could be achieved simultaneously, by reductive amination/carboxylic acid couplings (model 3). The methodologies presented here are highly versatile and combine diversity in both peptides/pseudopeptides and glycoside moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Arya
- Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario
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25
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Arya P, Kutterer KM, Qin H, Roby J, Barnes ML, Lin S, Lingwood CA, Peter MG. Alpha-galactose based neoglycopeptides. Inhibition of verotoxin binding to globotriosylceramide. Bioorg Med Chem 1999; 7:2823-33. [PMID: 10658586 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(99)00226-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Solution and solid phase strategies for the synthesis of alpha-galactose based neoglycopeptide derivatives 2-13 were developed. Neoglycopeptides generated were tested for the inhibition of verotoxin binding to globotriosylceramide (Gb3) using ELISA. Among all of the compounds tested, only the lipid derivatives of neoglycopeptides, 11, 12 and 13 were found to be inhibitors, IC50 = 2.0 mM (11b and 12c) and 0.2 mM (11c and 13c). All of the inhibitors (11b, 11c, 12c and 13c) have a similar branching of the two alpha-galactosyl units at the N-terminal glycine residue of a short peptide and a lipid moiety attached at the C-terminal site. Both of these factors seem to be crucial for the inhibition. It is interesting to note that the inhibitors have only a portion of the natural trisaccharide ligand. The secondary groups either may contribute in sub-site oriented interactions with the protein receptors or may mimic the internal sugar units of the cell-surface ligand, Gb3.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Arya
- Chemical Biology Program, Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON.
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26
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Arya P, Alibhai N, Qin H, Burton GW, Batist G, You SX, Alaoui-Jamali MA. Design and synthesis of analogs of vitamin E: antiproliferative activity against human breast adenocarcinoma cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1998; 8:2433-8. [PMID: 9873556 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(98)00438-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Analogs of alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E; compounds 3-9) have been synthesized and tested for their antiproliferative activity using the human breast cancer cell line, MCF7. Compounds 6-9 were synthesized from a common symthom, rac-Trolox (14) and are soluble/miscible at physiological pH. Compounds 4, 8, and 9 were found to have antiproliferative activity at micromolar concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Arya
- Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario
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Arya P, Kutterer KM, Qin H, Roby J, Barnes ML, Kim JM, Roy R. Diversity of C-linked neoglycopeptides for the exploration of subsite-assisted carbohydrate binding interactions. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1998; 8:1127-32. [PMID: 9871721 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(98)00182-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Diversity of alpha-galactose based C-linked neoglycopeptides (1b, 2b, 3c, 4d, and 5d) has been developed to explore the importance of subsite-assisted carbohydrate binding interactions. Deprotected C-linked neoglycopeptides (1b, 2b, 3c, 4d, and 5d) were synthesized and tested in competitive inhibition assays using a model enzyme-linked lectin (e.g., Maclura pomifera). Compound 2b, with two alpha-galactoside units on the side chain of the lysine residue of the dipeptide backbone, exhibited a remarkable effect with a 2.82-fold increase in its inhibitory properties (IC50 1.48 mM) in comparison to 1b (IC50 4.18 mM).
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Affiliation(s)
- P Arya
- Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario.
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Schneider H, Fiander H, Harrison K, Watson M, Burton G, Arya P. Inhibitory potency of lithocholic acid analogs and other bile acids on glucuronosyltransferase activity in a colon cancer cell line. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0960-894x(96)00092-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Abstract
The body weight or body weight/height ratio exhibits a positive linear correlation to hair zinc (Zn) concentration which is more strongly positive in men than in women. The obese of both sexes possess higher Zn concentrations in their hair than those with normal body weight/height. The degree of obesity increases with the increase in the hair Zn concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Taneja
- Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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Taneja SK, Chadha S, Arya P. Lipid-zinc interaction: its effect on the testes of mice. Br J Nutr 1995; 73:723-31. [PMID: 7626591 DOI: 10.1079/bjn19950076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Lipid-Zn interaction in the testes of mice was studied by feeding them low-fat (30 g maize oil/kg; group LFZD) and high-fat (90 g maize oil/kg; group HFZD) Zn-deficient diets for 6 weeks. The results were compared with those of corresponding Zn-supplemented-diet-fed controls (groups LFZS and HFZS). The integument-related Zn-deficiency symptoms appeared in group HFZD and not in group LFZD mice despite lack of Zn in their ration and an equal level of Zn in their blood serum. The feed intake, gain in body weight and testes weight of the LFZD group were comparable with those of the LFZS and HFZS groups (P > 0.05) but were higher than those of the group HFZD (P < 0.05). The testes of group HFZD displayed necrotic changes marked by the presence of giant cells, lower RNA, DNA and protein concentrations and higher phospholipid and cholesterol levels than those of mice in the LFZD group. The concentrations of these fractions were not significantly different between LFZD and HFZS. The results do not support the hypothesis that Zn is essential either for testicular function or for nucleic acid and protein synthesis in animals fed on a low-fat diet; however, it appears to be essential for animals fed on a high-fat diet. The changes observed in the testes of the HFZD animals suggest the excess intake of fat as their cause in Zn-deficient animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Taneja
- Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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32
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Taneja SK, Arya P. Lipid deposition in intestine as a possible cause of malabsorption of nutrients in zinc-deficient common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Br J Nutr 1994; 72:753-62. [PMID: 7530042 DOI: 10.1079/bjn19940077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
An experiment was performed to examine the interaction between Zn deficiency and lipid intake in carp. The carp were given a high-lipid diet that was either Zn-deficient (ZD) or Zn-supplemented (ZS), or were pair-fed (PF) the ZS diet to the intake of the ZD group. After 8 weeks the carp were killed and measurements were made of intestinal glucose uptake, levels of DNA, RNA and triacylglycerol, and alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1) activity in liver and intestine samples. A further group of similar carp were given the same diets but at week 8 were transferred to low-lipid diets, with the exception of half the ZD group. After a further 8 weeks of treatment, carps were killed for biochemical studies. Intestinal [14C]glucose uptake, levels of DNA, RNA and alkaline phosphatase activity in intestine and liver were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the high-lipid ZD group than in the high-lipid ZS and PF diet groups. The triacylglycerol concentration in the intestine was higher in the high-lipid ZD group than in the other two groups. When the carp were given the corresponding low-lipid diets, the variables measured in intestine and liver of the ZD group were close to those of the other groups. The results of this study demonstrate that lipid, when present in excess in the diet, accumulates in the intestine under Zn-deficient conditions and may reduce the absorption of glucose in carp. The reduced RNA and DNA levels and alkaline phosphatase activity in liver and intestine of ZD fish compared with those of ZS fish given high-lipid diets is proposed to be due to the malabsorption of nutrients linked with lipid deposition in the intestine, rather than their dependence on the level of Zn in the diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Taneja
- Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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Abstract
Zinc deficiency was induced in adult male mice by feeding them for 8 weeks on a purified semi-synthetic Zn-deficient diet (ZD) containing 90 g lipid/kg (60 g maize oil plus 30 g cod-liver oil). One group was then fed on a low-lipid Zn-deficient diet (ZDLR) containing 30 g cod-liver oil/kg as the sole lipid source for a further 8 weeks. At the end of the experiment the stomach clearance rate, daily food intake, body-weight gain and [14C]glucose uptake in the intestine were significantly higher in group ZDLR than in mice that continued eating the Zn-deficient lipid-adequate diet ZD, and were comparable to results for a group given a Zn-supplemented diet. These results suggest that the pathogenesis of anorexia, nutrient malabsorption and growth retardation are secondary to lipid malabsorption resulting from Zn deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Taneja
- Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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Taneja SK, Arya P. Inanition may reduce alkaline phosphatase activity in liver and intestine of zinc-deficient mice. J Nutr 1992; 122:1744-7. [PMID: 1640270 DOI: 10.1093/jn/122.8.1744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc-deficiency was induced in mice by feeding a Zn-deficient basal diet (ZD dietary group) containing 9% lipid (6% corn oil, 3% cod liver oil) for 8 wk. Thereafter, the corn oil was withdrawn from the basal diet and a subset of Zn-deficient animals (ZDLR group) was fed this modified low fat diet for another 8 wk. Alkaline phosphatase activity in intestine and liver was compared in these mice and in those allowed ad libitum access to the lipid-adequate Zn-supplemented diet (ZS group), in those pair-fed the Zn-supplemented diet (PF group) and in those fed the lipid-adequate, Zn-deficient diet ad libitum (ZD group). The enzyme activity in both intestine and liver of the ZDLR group was greater than in those of the ZD group and greater than or equal to those of the ZS and PF diet groups. The results of this study suggest that the reduction in alkaline phosphatase in Zn-deficient animals is a response secondary to associated inanition.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Taneja
- Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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35
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Datta DV, Narang AP, Arya P, Mahajan RC. Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in amoebic liver abscess - a preliminary communication. J Assoc Physicians India 1982; 30:527-8. [PMID: 7169489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Joshi KC, Pathak VN, Arya P, Chand P. Possible psychopharmacological agents. Part 7: Synthesis and CNS activity of some fluorinated 2,4,7/8-trisubstituted-3H-1,5-benzodiazepinium monoperchlorates. Pharmazie 1979; 34:718-20. [PMID: 545340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A series of new fluorinated 2,4'7/8-trisubstituted-3H-1,5-benzodiazepinium monoperchlorates have been synthesized and characterized by IR and NMR spectral studies. Representative compounds have been screened for their CNS activity viz., behavioural, analgesic, anticonvulsant and antireserpine. 8-Chloro-2-(4'-fluorophenyl)-4-phenyl-3H-1,5-benzodiazepinium monoperchlorate has shown pronounced antireserpine activity.
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Datta DV, Narang AP, Arya P, Sahni MM, Banerjee CK, Walia BN, Dang HS, Somasundram S. Indian childhood cirrhosis. Lancet 1979; 2:641. [PMID: 90308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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