1
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Routhu NK, Gangadhara S, Lai L, Davis Gardner ME, Floyd K, Shiferaw A, Bartsch YC, Fischinger S, Khoury G, Rahman SA, Stampfer SD, Schaefer A, Jean SM, Wallace C, Stammen RL, Wood J, Cohen J, Nagy T, Parsons MS, Gralinski L, Kozlowski PA, Alter G, Suthar MS, Amara RR. A modified vaccinia Ankara vaccine expressing spike and nucleocapsid protects rhesus macaques against SARS-CoV-2 Delta infection. Sci Immunol 2022; 7:eabo0226. [PMID: 35357886 PMCID: PMC8995033 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abo0226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 vaccines should induce broadly cross-reactive humoral and T cell responses to protect against emerging variants of concern (VOCs). Here, we inactivated the furin cleavage site (FCS) of spike expressed by a modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) virus vaccine (MVA/SdFCS) and found that FCS inactivation markedly increased spike binding to human ACE2. After vaccination of mice, the MVA/SdFCS vaccine induced eightfold higher neutralizing antibodies compared with MVA/S, which expressed spike without FCS inactivation, and protected against the Beta variant. We next added nucleocapsid to the MVA/SdFCS vaccine (MVA/SdFCS-N) and tested its immunogenicity and efficacy via intramuscular (IM), buccal (BU), or sublingual (SL) routes in rhesus macaques. IM vaccination induced spike-specific IgG in serum and mucosae (nose, throat, lung, and rectum) that neutralized the homologous (WA-1/2020) and heterologous VOCs, including Delta, with minimal loss (<2-fold) of activity. IM vaccination also induced both spike- and nucleocapsid-specific CD4 and CD8 T cell responses in the blood. In contrast, the SL and BU vaccinations induced less spike-specific IgG in secretions and lower levels of polyfunctional IgG in serum compared with IM vaccination. After challenge with the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant, the IM route induced robust protection, the BU route induced moderate protection, and the SL route induced no protection. Vaccine-induced neutralizing and non-neutralizing antibody effector functions positively correlated with protection, but only the effector functions correlated with early protection. Thus, IM vaccination with MVA/SdFCS-N vaccine elicited cross-reactive antibody and T cell responses, protecting against heterologous SARS-CoV-2 VOC more effectively than other routes of vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanda Kishore Routhu
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Sailaja Gangadhara
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Lilin Lai
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA
| | - Meredith Elizabeth Davis Gardner
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA
| | - Katharine Floyd
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA
| | - Ayalnesh Shiferaw
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Yannic C Bartsch
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | | | - Georges Khoury
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA
| | - Sheikh Abdul Rahman
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Samuel David Stampfer
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Alexandra Schaefer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sherrie M. Jean
- Division of Animal Resources, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA
| | - Chelsea Wallace
- Division of Animal Resources, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA
| | - Rachelle L. Stammen
- Division of Animal Resources, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA
| | - Jennifer Wood
- Division of Animal Resources, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA
| | - Joyce Cohen
- Division of Animal Resources, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA
| | - Tamas Nagy
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Matthew S. Parsons
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lisa Gralinski
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27516, USA
| | - Pamela A. Kozlowski
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA
| | - Galit Alter
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Mehul S. Suthar
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Rama Rao Amara
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
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2
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Pino M, Abid T, Pereira Ribeiro S, Edara VV, Floyd K, Smith JC, Latif MB, Pacheco-Sanchez G, Dutta D, Wang S, Gumber S, Kirejczyk S, Cohen J, Stammen RL, Jean SM, Wood JS, Connor-Stroud F, Pollet J, Chen WH, Wei J, Zhan B, Lee J, Liu Z, Strych U, Shenvi N, Easley K, Weiskopf D, Sette A, Pollara J, Mielke D, Gao H, Eisel N, LaBranche CC, Shen X, Ferrari G, Tomaras GD, Montefiori DC, Sekaly RP, Vanderford TH, Tomai MA, Fox CB, Suthar MS, Kozlowski PA, Hotez PJ, Paiardini M, Bottazzi ME, Kasturi SP. A yeast expressed RBD-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine formulated with 3M-052-alum adjuvant promotes protective efficacy in non-human primates. Sci Immunol 2021; 6:6/61/eabh3634. [PMID: 34266981 PMCID: PMC9119307 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abh3634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ongoing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus–2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine development is focused on identifying stable, cost-effective, and accessible candidates for global use, specifically in low- and middle-income countries. Here, we report the efficacy of a rapidly scalable, novel yeast-expressed SARS-CoV-2–specific receptor binding domain (RBD)–based vaccine in rhesus macaques. We formulated the RBD immunogen in alum, a licensed and an emerging alum-adsorbed TLR-7/8-targeted, 3M-052-alum adjuvant. The RBD + 3M-052-alum-adjuvanted vaccine promoted better RBD binding and effector antibodies, higher CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies, improved TH1-biased CD4+ T cell reactions, and increased CD8+ T cell responses when compared with the alum-alone adjuvanted vaccine. RBD + 3M-052-alum induced a significant reduction of SARS-CoV-2 virus in the respiratory tract upon challenge, accompanied by reduced lung inflammation when compared with unvaccinated controls. Anti-RBD antibody responses in vaccinated animals inversely correlated with viral load in nasal secretions and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). RBD + 3M-052-alum blocked a post-SARS-CoV-2 challenge increase in CD14+CD16++ intermediate blood monocytes, and fractalkine, MCP-1 (monocyte chemotactic protein–1), and TRAIL (tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis-inducing ligand) in the plasma. Decreased plasma analytes and intermediate monocyte frequencies correlated with reduced nasal and BAL viral loads. Last, RBD-specific plasma cells accumulated in the draining lymph nodes and not in the bone marrow, contrary to previous findings. Together, these data show that a yeast-expressed, RBD-based vaccine + 3M-052-alum provides robust immune responses and protection against SARS-CoV-2, making it a strong and scalable vaccine candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pino
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center at Emory University, 954 Gatewood Rd, Atlanta, GA, U.S.A
| | - Talha Abid
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center at Emory University, 954 Gatewood Rd, Atlanta, GA, U.S.A
| | - Susan Pereira Ribeiro
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, U.S.A
| | - Venkata Viswanadh Edara
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center at Emory University, 954 Gatewood Rd, Atlanta, GA, U.S.A.,Emory Vaccine Center at Emory University, 954, Gatewood Rd, Atlanta, GA, U.S.A.,Centers for Childhood Infections and Vaccines; Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University, Department of Pediatrics, Atlanta, GA, U.S.A
| | - Katharine Floyd
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center at Emory University, 954 Gatewood Rd, Atlanta, GA, U.S.A.,Emory Vaccine Center at Emory University, 954, Gatewood Rd, Atlanta, GA, U.S.A.,Centers for Childhood Infections and Vaccines; Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University, Department of Pediatrics, Atlanta, GA, U.S.A
| | - Justin C Smith
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.A
| | - Muhammad Bilal Latif
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, U.S.A
| | - Gabriela Pacheco-Sanchez
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, U.S.A
| | - Debashis Dutta
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center at Emory University, 954 Gatewood Rd, Atlanta, GA, U.S.A
| | - Shelly Wang
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center at Emory University, 954 Gatewood Rd, Atlanta, GA, U.S.A
| | - Sanjeev Gumber
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, U.S.A.,Division of Pathology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Shannon Kirejczyk
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, U.S.A.,Division of Pathology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Joyce Cohen
- Division of Animal Resources, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Rachelle L Stammen
- Division of Animal Resources, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Sherrie M Jean
- Division of Animal Resources, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Jennifer S Wood
- Division of Animal Resources, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Fawn Connor-Stroud
- Division of Animal Resources, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Jeroen Pollet
- Texas Children's Center for Vaccine Development, Houston, TX, U.S.A.,Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Virology & Microbiology, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, U.S.A
| | - Wen-Hsiang Chen
- Texas Children's Center for Vaccine Development, Houston, TX, U.S.A.,Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Virology & Microbiology, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, U.S.A
| | - Junfei Wei
- Texas Children's Center for Vaccine Development, Houston, TX, U.S.A.,Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Virology & Microbiology, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, U.S.A
| | - Bin Zhan
- Texas Children's Center for Vaccine Development, Houston, TX, U.S.A.,Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Virology & Microbiology, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, U.S.A
| | - Jungsoon Lee
- Texas Children's Center for Vaccine Development, Houston, TX, U.S.A.,Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Virology & Microbiology, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, U.S.A
| | - Zhuyun Liu
- Texas Children's Center for Vaccine Development, Houston, TX, U.S.A.,Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Virology & Microbiology, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, U.S.A
| | - Ulrich Strych
- Texas Children's Center for Vaccine Development, Houston, TX, U.S.A.,Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Virology & Microbiology, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, U.S.A
| | - Neeta Shenvi
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, U.S.A
| | - Kirk Easley
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, U.S.A
| | - Daniela Weiskopf
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Alessandro Sette
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Justin Pollara
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute and Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center Durham, NC, USA
| | - Dieter Mielke
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute and Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center Durham, NC, USA
| | - Hongmei Gao
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute and Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center Durham, NC, USA
| | - Nathan Eisel
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute and Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center Durham, NC, USA
| | - Celia C LaBranche
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute and Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center Durham, NC, USA
| | - Xiaoying Shen
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute and Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center Durham, NC, USA
| | - Guido Ferrari
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute and Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center Durham, NC, USA
| | - Georgia D Tomaras
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute and Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center Durham, NC, USA
| | - David C Montefiori
- Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Virology & Microbiology, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, U.S.A.,Duke Human Vaccine Institute and Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center Durham, NC, USA
| | - Rafick P Sekaly
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center at Emory University, 954 Gatewood Rd, Atlanta, GA, U.S.A.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, U.S.A
| | - Thomas H Vanderford
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center at Emory University, 954 Gatewood Rd, Atlanta, GA, U.S.A
| | - Mark A Tomai
- 3M Corporate Research Materials Laboratory, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | | | - Mehul S Suthar
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center at Emory University, 954 Gatewood Rd, Atlanta, GA, U.S.A.,Emory Vaccine Center at Emory University, 954, Gatewood Rd, Atlanta, GA, U.S.A.,Centers for Childhood Infections and Vaccines; Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University, Department of Pediatrics, Atlanta, GA, U.S.A
| | - Pamela A Kozlowski
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.A
| | - Peter J Hotez
- Texas Children's Center for Vaccine Development, Houston, TX, U.S.A.,Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Virology & Microbiology, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, U.S.A
| | - Mirko Paiardini
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center at Emory University, 954 Gatewood Rd, Atlanta, GA, U.S.A. .,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, U.S.A
| | - Maria Elena Bottazzi
- Texas Children's Center for Vaccine Development, Houston, TX, U.S.A. .,Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Virology & Microbiology, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, U.S.A
| | - Sudhir Pai Kasturi
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center at Emory University, 954 Gatewood Rd, Atlanta, GA, U.S.A. .,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, U.S.A
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3
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Routhu NK, Cheedarla N, Gangadhara S, Bollimpelli VS, Boddapati AK, Shiferaw A, Rahman SA, Sahoo A, Edara VV, Lai L, Floyd K, Wang S, Fischinger S, Atyeo C, Shin SA, Gumber S, Kirejczyk S, Cohen J, Jean SM, Wood JS, Connor-Stroud F, Stammen RL, Upadhyay AA, Pellegrini K, Montefiori D, Shi PY, Menachery VD, Alter G, Vanderford TH, Bosinger SE, Suthar MS, Amara RR. A modified vaccinia Ankara vector-based vaccine protects macaques from SARS-CoV-2 infection, immune pathology, and dysfunction in the lungs. Immunity 2021; 54:542-556.e9. [PMID: 33631118 PMCID: PMC7859620 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A combination of vaccination approaches will likely be necessary to fully control the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. Here, we show that modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) vectors expressing membrane-anchored pre-fusion stabilized spike (MVA/S) but not secreted S1 induced strong neutralizing antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 in mice. In macaques, the MVA/S vaccination induced strong neutralizing antibodies and CD8+ T cell responses, and conferred protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection and virus replication in the lungs as early as day 2 following intranasal and intratracheal challenge. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of lung cells on day 4 after infection revealed that MVA/S vaccination also protected macaques from infection-induced inflammation and B cell abnormalities and lowered induction of interferon-stimulated genes. These results demonstrate that MVA/S vaccination induces neutralizing antibodies and CD8+ T cells in the blood and lungs and is a potential vaccine candidate for SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanda Kishore Routhu
- Emory Vaccine Center, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Narayanaiah Cheedarla
- Emory Vaccine Center, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Sailaja Gangadhara
- Emory Vaccine Center, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Venkata Satish Bollimpelli
- Emory Vaccine Center, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Arun K. Boddapati
- Emory Vaccine Center, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA,Department of Pathology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Ayalnesh Shiferaw
- Emory Vaccine Center, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Sheikh Abdul Rahman
- Emory Vaccine Center, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Anusmita Sahoo
- Emory Vaccine Center, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Venkata Viswanadh Edara
- Emory Vaccine Center, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Lilin Lai
- Emory Vaccine Center, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Katharine Floyd
- Emory Vaccine Center, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Shelly Wang
- Emory Vaccine Center, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | | | - Caroline Atyeo
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sally A. Shin
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sanjeev Gumber
- Division of Pathology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Shannon Kirejczyk
- Division of Pathology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Joyce Cohen
- Division of Animal Resources, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sherrie M. Jean
- Division of Animal Resources, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jennifer S. Wood
- Division of Animal Resources, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Fawn Connor-Stroud
- Division of Animal Resources, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rachelle L. Stammen
- Division of Animal Resources, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Amit A. Upadhyay
- Emory Vaccine Center, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Kathryn Pellegrini
- Emory Vaccine Center, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - David Montefiori
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Pei-Yong Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Vineet D. Menachery
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Galit Alter
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Thomas H. Vanderford
- Emory Vaccine Center, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Steven E. Bosinger
- Emory Vaccine Center, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA,Department of Pathology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Mehul S. Suthar
- Emory Vaccine Center, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Rama Rao Amara
- Emory Vaccine Center, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA,Corresponding author
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4
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Hoang TN, Pino M, Boddapati AK, Viox EG, Starke CE, Upadhyay AA, Gumber S, Nekorchuk M, Busman-Sahay K, Strongin Z, Harper JL, Tharp GK, Pellegrini KL, Kirejczyk S, Zandi K, Tao S, Horton TR, Beagle EN, Mahar EA, Lee MY, Cohen J, Jean SM, Wood JS, Connor-Stroud F, Stammen RL, Delmas OM, Wang S, Cooney KA, Sayegh MN, Wang L, Filev PD, Weiskopf D, Silvestri G, Waggoner J, Piantadosi A, Kasturi SP, Al-Shakhshir H, Ribeiro SP, Sekaly RP, Levit RD, Estes JD, Vanderford TH, Schinazi RF, Bosinger SE, Paiardini M. Baricitinib treatment resolves lower-airway macrophage inflammation and neutrophil recruitment in SARS-CoV-2-infected rhesus macaques. Cell 2021; 184:460-475.e21. [PMID: 33278358 PMCID: PMC7654323 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2-induced hypercytokinemia and inflammation are critically associated with COVID-19 severity. Baricitinib, a clinically approved JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor, is currently being investigated in COVID-19 clinical trials. Here, we investigated the immunologic and virologic efficacy of baricitinib in a rhesus macaque model of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Viral shedding measured from nasal and throat swabs, bronchoalveolar lavages, and tissues was not reduced with baricitinib. Type I interferon (IFN) antiviral responses and SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses remained similar between the two groups. Animals treated with baricitinib showed reduced inflammation, decreased lung infiltration of inflammatory cells, reduced NETosis activity, and more limited lung pathology. Importantly, baricitinib-treated animals had a rapid and remarkably potent suppression of lung macrophage production of cytokines and chemokines responsible for inflammation and neutrophil recruitment. These data support a beneficial role for, and elucidate the immunological mechanisms underlying, the use of baricitinib as a frontline treatment for inflammation induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy N. Hoang
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Maria Pino
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Arun K. Boddapati
- Yerkes Genomics Core Laboratory, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Elise G. Viox
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Carly E. Starke
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Amit A. Upadhyay
- Yerkes Genomics Core Laboratory, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Sanjeev Gumber
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA,Division of Pathology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Michael Nekorchuk
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Kathleen Busman-Sahay
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Zachary Strongin
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Justin L. Harper
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Gregory K. Tharp
- Yerkes Genomics Core Laboratory, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Kathryn L. Pellegrini
- Yerkes Genomics Core Laboratory, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Shannon Kirejczyk
- Division of Pathology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Keivan Zandi
- Center for AIDS Research, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Sijia Tao
- Center for AIDS Research, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Tristan R. Horton
- Yerkes Genomics Core Laboratory, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Elizabeth N. Beagle
- Yerkes Genomics Core Laboratory, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Ernestine A. Mahar
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Michelle Y.H. Lee
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Joyce Cohen
- Division of Animal Resources, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Sherrie M. Jean
- Division of Animal Resources, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Jennifer S. Wood
- Division of Animal Resources, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Fawn Connor-Stroud
- Division of Animal Resources, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Rachelle L. Stammen
- Division of Animal Resources, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Olivia M. Delmas
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Shelly Wang
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Kimberly A. Cooney
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Michael N. Sayegh
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Lanfang Wang
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Peter D. Filev
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Daniela Weiskopf
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Guido Silvestri
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jesse Waggoner
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Anne Piantadosi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA,Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Sudhir P. Kasturi
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Hilmi Al-Shakhshir
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Susan P. Ribeiro
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Rafick P. Sekaly
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Rebecca D. Levit
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jacob D. Estes
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA,Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Thomas H. Vanderford
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Raymond F. Schinazi
- Center for AIDS Research, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA,Corresponding author
| | - Steven E. Bosinger
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA,Yerkes Genomics Core Laboratory, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA,Corresponding author
| | - Mirko Paiardini
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA,Corresponding author
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5
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Hunter CE, Stammen RL, Hamlet T, Bonenberger D, Li C, Zhang X, Stroud FC, Chan AWS. Fetal teratogenicity in a rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta): Association with the chronic maternal treatment of amitriptyline. J Med Primatol 2020; 50:75-78. [PMID: 33277721 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Amitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant commonly prescribed in humans for pain and sleep disorders and in non-human primates for self-injurious behaviors. Here, we report a clinical case on the teratogenic effect of maternal-fetal amitriptyline exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carissa E Hunter
- Division of Neuropharmacology and Neurologic Diseases, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rachelle L Stammen
- Division of Animal Resources, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Terell Hamlet
- Division of Neuropharmacology and Neurologic Diseases, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Denise Bonenberger
- Division of Animal Resources, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Chunxia Li
- Yerkes Imaging Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Yerkes Imaging Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Fawn C Stroud
- Division of Animal Resources, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Anthony W S Chan
- Division of Neuropharmacology and Neurologic Diseases, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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6
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Hoang TN, Pino M, Boddapati AK, Viox EG, Starke CE, Upadhyay AA, Gumber S, Busman-Sahay K, Strongin Z, Harper JL, Tharp GK, Pellegrini KL, Kirejczyk S, Zandi K, Tao S, Horton TR, Beagle EN, Mahar EA, Lee MY, Cohen J, Jean SM, Wood JS, Connor-Stroud F, Stammen RL, Delmas OM, Wang S, Cooney KA, Sayegh MN, Wang L, Weiskopf D, Filev PD, Waggoner J, Piantadosi A, Kasturi SP, Al-Shakhshir H, Ribeiro SP, Sekaly RP, Levit RD, Estes JD, Vanderford TH, Schinazi RF, Bosinger SE, Paiardini M. Baricitinib treatment resolves lower airway inflammation and neutrophil recruitment in SARS-CoV-2-infected rhesus macaques. bioRxiv 2020:2020.09.16.300277. [PMID: 32995780 PMCID: PMC7523106 DOI: 10.1101/2020.09.16.300277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Effective therapeutics aimed at mitigating COVID-19 symptoms are urgently needed. SARS-CoV-2 induced hypercytokinemia and systemic inflammation are associated with disease severity. Baricitinib, a clinically approved JAK1/2 inhibitor with potent anti-inflammatory properties is currently being investigated in COVID-19 human clinical trials. Recent reports suggest that baricitinib may also have antiviral activity in limiting viral endocytosis. Here, we investigated the immunologic and virologic efficacy of baricitinib in a rhesus macaque model of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Viral shedding measured from nasal and throat swabs, bronchoalveolar lavages and tissues was not reduced with baricitinib. Type I IFN antiviral responses and SARS-CoV-2 specific T cell responses remained similar between the two groups. Importantly, however, animals treated with baricitinib showed reduced immune activation, decreased infiltration of neutrophils into the lung, reduced NETosis activity, and more limited lung pathology. Moreover, baricitinib treated animals had a rapid and remarkably potent suppression of alveolar macrophage derived production of cytokines and chemokines responsible for inflammation and neutrophil recruitment. These data support a beneficial role for, and elucidate the immunological mechanisms underlying, the use of baricitinib as a frontline treatment for severe inflammation induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy N Hoang
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Maria Pino
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Arun K Boddapati
- Yerkes Genomics Core Laboratory, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Elise G Viox
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Carly E Starke
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Amit A Upadhyay
- Yerkes Genomics Core Laboratory, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sanjeev Gumber
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Division of Pathology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Kathleen Busman-Sahay
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Zachary Strongin
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Justin L Harper
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Gregory K Tharp
- Yerkes Genomics Core Laboratory, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Kathryn L Pellegrini
- Yerkes Genomics Core Laboratory, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Shannon Kirejczyk
- Division of Pathology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Keivan Zandi
- Center for AIDS Research, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sijia Tao
- Center for AIDS Research, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Tristan R Horton
- Yerkes Genomics Core Laboratory, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Elizabeth N Beagle
- Yerkes Genomics Core Laboratory, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ernestine A Mahar
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Michelle Yh Lee
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Joyce Cohen
- Division of Animal Resources, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sherrie M Jean
- Division of Animal Resources, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jennifer S Wood
- Division of Animal Resources, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Fawn Connor-Stroud
- Division of Animal Resources, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Rachelle L Stammen
- Division of Animal Resources, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Olivia M Delmas
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Shelly Wang
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Kimberly A Cooney
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Michael N Sayegh
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Lanfang Wang
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Daniela Weiskopf
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Peter D Filev
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jesse Waggoner
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Anne Piantadosi
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sudhir P Kasturi
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Hilmi Al-Shakhshir
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Susan P Ribeiro
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Rafick P Sekaly
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Rebecca D Levit
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jacob D Estes
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Thomas H Vanderford
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Raymond F Schinazi
- Center for AIDS Research, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Steven E Bosinger
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Yerkes Genomics Core Laboratory, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Mirko Paiardini
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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7
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Stammen RL, Cohen JK, Meeker TL, Crane MM, Amara RR, Hicks SL, Meyer JS, Ethun KF. Effect of Chronic Social Stress on Prenatal Transfer of Antitetanus Immunity in Captive Breeding Rhesus Macaques ( Macaca mulatta). j am assoc lab anim sci 2018; 57:357-367. [PMID: 29764539 PMCID: PMC6059219 DOI: 10.30802/aalas-jaalas-17-000102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Because tetanus can cause significant morbidity and mortality in NHP, colonywide vaccination with tetanus toxoid is recommended for outdoor breeding colonies of rhesus macaques, with primary immunizations commonly given to infants at 6 mo of age followed by booster vaccines every 10 y. Maternal antibodies are thought to offer protective immunity to infants younger than 6 mo. However, historical colony data from the Yerkes National Primate Research Center show a higher incidence of tetanus among infants (≤ 6 mo old) born to subordinate dams. Whether this higher incidence of infantile tetanus is due to a higher incidence of trauma among subordinate animals or is a stress-induced impairment of maternal antibody protection is unknown. Studies in other NHP species suggest that chronic exposure to social stressors interferes with the receptor-mediated transplacental transfer of IgG. Therefore, the primary aim of this study was to determine whether chronic stress associated with social subordination impairs prenatal transfer of antitetanus immunity in breeding female rhesus macaques. Subjects included 26 high- and 26 low-ranking adult female rhesus macaques that were nearly 5 or 10 y after their initial immunization and their nonimmunized infants. We hypothesized that infants born to subordinate dams that were nearly 10 y after immunization would have the lowest infant-to-dam antibody ratios and thus would be at greatest risk for infection. Results revealed no significant intergroup differences in infant antitetanus IgG levels. However, infant-to-dam IgG ratios against tetanus were significantly lower among subordinate animals compared with dominant macaques, after accounting for the number of years since the dam's initial vaccination. In addition, higher maternal hair cortisol levels predicted lower infantto-dam tetanus toxoid IgG ratios. Together, these findings suggest that chronic social stress in female rhesus macaques may hamper the prenatal transfer of antitetanus immunity to offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachelle L Stammen
- Divisions of Animal Resources, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Joyce K Cohen
- Divisions of Animal Resources, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Tracy L Meeker
- Divisions of Animal Resources, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Maria M Crane
- Divisions of Animal Resources, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Rama R Amara
- Divisions of Microbiology and Immunology, Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Sakeenah L Hicks
- Divisions of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Jerrold S Meyer
- Departments of Neuroscience and Behavior Program, Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts
| | - Kelly F Ethun
- Divisions of Animal Resources, Developmental and Cognitive Neurosciences, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia;,
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8
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Vela EM, Knostman KA, Mott JM, Warren RL, Garver JN, Vela LJ, Stammen RL. Genistein, a general kinase inhibitor, as a potential antiviral for arenaviral hemorrhagic fever as described in the Pirital virus-Syrian golden hamster model. Antiviral Res 2010; 87:318-28. [PMID: 20600333 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2010.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2010] [Revised: 05/25/2010] [Accepted: 06/14/2010] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Arenaviruses are rodent-borne negative strand RNA viruses and infection of these viruses in humans may result in disease and hemorrhagic fever. To date, supportive care, ribavirin, and in some cases immune plasma remain the foremost treatment options for arenaviral hemorrhagic fever. Research with the hemorrhagic fever causing-arenaviruses usually requires a Biosafety level (BSL)-4 environment; however, surrogate animal model systems have been developed to preliminarily study and screen various vaccines and antivirals. The Syrian golden hamster-Pirital virus (PIRV) surrogate model of hemorrhagic fever provides an opportunity to test new antivirals in an ABSL-3 setting. Thus, we challenged hamsters, implanted with telemetry, with PIRV and observed viremia and tissue viral titers, and changes in core body temperature, hematology, clinical chemistry, and coagulation parameters. Physical signs of disease of the PIRV-infected hamsters included weight loss, lethargy, petechial rashes, epistaxis, ocular orbital and rectal hemorrhage, and visible signs of neurologic disorders. However, treating animals with genistein, a plant derived isoflavone and general kinase inhibitor, resulted in increased survival rates and led to an improved clinical profile. In all, the results from this study demonstrate the potential of a general kinase inhibitor genistein as an antiviral against arenaviral hemorrhagic fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric M Vela
- Battelle Memorial Institute, 505 King Avenue, Columbus, OH 43201, USA.
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