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Salinas CE, Patey OV, Murillo C, Gonzales M, Espinoza V, Mendoza S, Ruiz R, Vargas R, Perez Y, Montaño J, Toledo-Jaldin L, Badner A, Jimenez J, Peñaranda J, Romero C, Aguilar M, Riveros L, Arana I, Giussani DA. Preeclampsia and risk of maternal pulmonary hypertension at high altitude in Bolivia. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2023; 14:523-531. [PMID: 37497575 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174423000193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Women with a history of preeclampsia (PE) have a greater risk of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). In turn, pregnancy at high altitude is a risk factor for PE. However, whether women who develop PE during highland pregnancy are at risk of PAH before and after birth has not been investigated. We tested the hypothesis that during highland pregnancy, women who develop PE are at greater risk of PAH compared to women undergoing healthy highland pregnancies. The study was on 140 women in La Paz, Bolivia (3640m). Women undergoing healthy highland pregnancy were controls (C, n = 70; 29 ± 3.3 years old, mean±SD). Women diagnosed with PE were the experimental group (PE, n = 70, 31 ± 2 years old). Conventional (B- and M-mode, PW Doppler) and modern (pulsed wave tissue Doppler imaging) ultrasound were applied for cardiovascular íííassessment. Spirometry determined maternal lung function. Assessments occurred at 35 ± 4 weeks of pregnancy and 6 ± 0.3 weeks after birth. Relative to highland controls, highland PE women had enlarged right ventricular (RV) and right atrial chamber sizes, greater pulmonary artery dimensions and increased estimated RV contractility, pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance. Highland PE women had lower values for peripheral oxygen saturation, forced expiratory flow and the bronchial permeability index. Differences remained 6 weeks after birth. Therefore, women who develop PE at high altitude are at greater risk of PAH before and long after birth. Hence, women with a history of PE at high altitude have an increased cardiovascular risk that transcends the systemic circulation to include the pulmonary vascular bed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Salinas
- Instituto Boliviano de Biología de Altura (IBBA), UMSA, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - O V Patey
- Department of Physiology, Development & Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - C Murillo
- Instituto Boliviano de Biología de Altura (IBBA), UMSA, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - M Gonzales
- Instituto Boliviano de Biología de Altura (IBBA), UMSA, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - V Espinoza
- Instituto Boliviano de Biología de Altura (IBBA), UMSA, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - S Mendoza
- Centro de Salud Tembladerani, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - R Ruiz
- Hospital Materno Infantil, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - R Vargas
- Hospital de la Mujer, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Y Perez
- Hospital de la Mujer, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - J Montaño
- Hospital de la Mujer, La Paz, Bolivia
| | | | - A Badner
- Hospital Materno Infantil, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - J Jimenez
- Instituto Boliviano de Biología de Altura (IBBA), UMSA, La Paz, Bolivia
| | | | - C Romero
- Instituto Boliviano de Biología de Altura (IBBA), UMSA, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - M Aguilar
- Instituto Boliviano de Biología de Altura (IBBA), UMSA, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - L Riveros
- Instituto Boliviano de Biología de Altura (IBBA), UMSA, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - I Arana
- Grupo Premio Nobel, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - D A Giussani
- Department of Physiology, Development & Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- BHF Centre for Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Strategic Research Initiative in Reproduction, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Galbán-Malagón CJ, Zapata J, Perez-Venegas DJ, Vargas R, Latorre-Padilla N, Luarte T, Ahrendt C, Hirmas-Olivares A, Gómez-Aburto V, Tapia P, Isamit V, Arce P, Sánchez C, Pozo K. Occurrence, source estimation, and risk assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in coastal seawaters from the Quintero Industrial Complex (Valparaíso, Chile). Sci Total Environ 2023; 878:162957. [PMID: 36958545 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
In the 1960s, the Quintero industrial complex was inaugurated in Chile. This began a history of dramatic anthropogenic impacts on the Chilean coast. Among the known, we could mention high atmospheric emissions of chemicals due to combustion processes and frequent oil spills. For this reason, we surveyed the concentrations of fifteen EPAPAHs in the surface coastal waters of the Quintero Bay area in 2015. The levels found are in the range of the highest levels when reviewing the literature (0.97 μg L-1 up to 9.84 μg L-1). The highest levels were found in the vicinity of the industrial complex and decreased in the other two zones. The concentration of individual compounds significantly exceeds the levels recommended by the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) and the EU water framework directive (WFD). The risk estimations revealed that PAH concentrations represent high-risk for wildlife. Molecular ratios of PAHs were used to identify the possible sources, being these were mainly of pyrogenic origin, agreeing with an origin in the combustion of wood, coal, grass, and fossil fuels. This study contributes to the first data for surface water in a country's highly impacted industrial coastal area.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Galbán-Malagón
- GEMA Center for Genomics, Ecology & Environment, Universidad Mayor, Camino La Pirámide 5750, Huechuraba, Santiago, Chile; Anillo en Ciencia y Tecnología Antártica POLARIX, Chile; Institute of Environment, Florida International University, University Park, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
| | - J Zapata
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación para el Cambio Climático, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomás, Santiago, Chile; Estación Costera de Investigaciones Marinas, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - D J Perez-Venegas
- Centro de Investigación y Gestión de Recursos Naturales (CIGREN), Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - R Vargas
- GEMA Center for Genomics, Ecology & Environment, Universidad Mayor, Camino La Pirámide 5750, Huechuraba, Santiago, Chile; Anillo en Ciencia y Tecnología Antártica POLARIX, Chile
| | - N Latorre-Padilla
- Doctorado en Medicina de la Conservación, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidada Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8370251, Chile; Centro de Investigación Marina Quintay (CIMARQ), Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés, Bello, Quintay, Valparaíso 2531015, Chile; Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Santiago 8331150, Chile; Instituto Milenio en Socio-Ecología Costera (SECOS), Santiago 8370251, Chile
| | - T Luarte
- GEMA Center for Genomics, Ecology & Environment, Universidad Mayor, Camino La Pirámide 5750, Huechuraba, Santiago, Chile; Anillo en Ciencia y Tecnología Antártica POLARIX, Chile; Doctorado en Medicina de la Conservación, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidada Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - C Ahrendt
- Fundación Acción Natural, Laguna, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - A Hirmas-Olivares
- GEMA Center for Genomics, Ecology & Environment, Universidad Mayor, Camino La Pirámide 5750, Huechuraba, Santiago, Chile; Anillo en Ciencia y Tecnología Antártica POLARIX, Chile
| | - V Gómez-Aburto
- GEMA Center for Genomics, Ecology & Environment, Universidad Mayor, Camino La Pirámide 5750, Huechuraba, Santiago, Chile; Anillo en Ciencia y Tecnología Antártica POLARIX, Chile
| | - P Tapia
- GEMA Center for Genomics, Ecology & Environment, Universidad Mayor, Camino La Pirámide 5750, Huechuraba, Santiago, Chile
| | - V Isamit
- GEMA Center for Genomics, Ecology & Environment, Universidad Mayor, Camino La Pirámide 5750, Huechuraba, Santiago, Chile
| | - P Arce
- GEMA Center for Genomics, Ecology & Environment, Universidad Mayor, Camino La Pirámide 5750, Huechuraba, Santiago, Chile
| | - C Sánchez
- Escuela de Geología, Universidad Mayor, San Pío X 2422, 7510041 Providencia, Región Metropolitana, Chile
| | - K Pozo
- Masaryk University, Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Kamenice 753/5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; Universidad San Sebastián, Facultad de Ingeniería, Arquitectura y diseño, Lientur 1457, 4030000 Concepción, Chile.
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Torres MI, Farelo H, Otero P, Di Cugno M, Kozak A, Ruibal G, Rodriguez P, Fenili C, Sequera A, Álvarez G, Anselmo C, Araque S, Barrios V, Belloni J, Blanco C, Burakowski D, Cabral F, Cãceres L, Castillo MS, Cateura M, Cepero MI, Corbatta C, De La Colina A, De Miguel L, Delgado V, Dominguez C, Dragani V, Fillipini S, Foglino E, Gasparin A, Gerosa P, Golinelli B, Herrero D, Isaack K, Laguarde M, Lalosa L, López M, Lucero V, Mallo MV, Marina C, Minotti F, Mora ME, Palacios M, Paz Pacheco J, Perez Bonetti L, Podadas Gaspa S, Rios E, Rossi O, Sanhueza N, Sosa S, Surbando L, Vargas R. ODP109 PARATHYROID HORMONE AND 25 OH VITAMINA D IN PREGNANCY: DATA FROM AN ARGENTINEAN COHORT SUPPORTING SUPPLEMENTATION. J Endocr Soc 2022. [PMCID: PMC9625022 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvac150.352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D (Vit D) deficiency has become a global health care issue, as it affects a great number of women during pregnancy and lactation. Vit D levels are critical during pregnancy, being the mother the only source of them for the developing fetus; an enzymatic system for conversion of 25OH VitD into 1-25(OH) 2 VitD is present in the placenta, thus reinforcing the importance of VitD during gestation. VitD deficiency has been associated with obstetric complications and adverse outcomes in offspring, affecting skeletal, immunological and respiratory systems. It is known that prenatal supplements available do not contain enough VitD to fulfil requirements. It is generally accepted that elevated PTH is an indicator of VitD deficiency, and Hysaj O et al (2021) showed that 25OH VitD is a statistically significant determinant of PTH levels in early and late pregnancy. Aim To evaluateVitD status and its relationship to parathyroid hormone (PTH) in a cohort of pregnant women representative of multiple Argentinian regions. Subjects and Methods Data from samples of 423 pregnant women in 1st and 2nd trimester were collected between 2016 and 2021. VitD was measured in different platforms: DiaSorin Liaison CLIA (n=184), Roche COBAS ECLIA (n=166), Abbott ARCHITECT CMIA (n=33), Biomérieux VIDAS ELFA (n=18) and Siemens CENTAUR CLIA (n=16). PTH (ng/L) was measured in 162 samples by SIEMENS IMMULITE CLIA and Roche COBAS ECLIA. As VitD is light-exposure dependent, we considered warm and high light-exposure season period from December to March and cold and low light season from April to September. VITD (ng/L) levels were classified as Deficient (<20), Insufficient (between 21 and 29) and Sufficient (>30) (Endocrine Society, 2014). Results From 423 data collected, 102 were excluded because of lacking information on VitD supplementation. From the remaining non supplemented 321 samples, 48% resulted insufficient, 30% deficient and 22% sufficient for VitD (groups comparison: p< 0. 05, Kruskal Wallis-Dunn test). The seasonal period and pregnancy trimester distributions didn't show significant differences. Similar results of VitD insufficiency were found in the major used platforms, regardless the seasonal period considered. PTH results expressed as median and interquartile range were (ng/L): 32. 0 (13.7-169. 0) in Deficient pregnancies (N=92), 23.7(13.3-88. 0) in Insufficient (n=50) and 18.7 (9.8-55.7) in Sufficient (n=20). Conclusions This study shows VitD inadequate levels in 78% in non-supplemented pregnancies, regardless season or measurement platform. Relative elevated levels of PTH were associated to pregnancies with VitD deficiency, evidenciating a regulatory role according to published data. To improve VitD status during pregnancy it would be advisable to pose new strategies for prenatal supplements developed by a multidisciplinary professional team. Presentation: No date and time listed
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Sonego M, Sciuti VF, Vargas R, Canto RB, Pessan LA. Composite design bioinspired by the mesocarp of Brazil nut ( Bertholletia excelsa). Bioinspir Biomim 2022; 17:046011. [PMID: 35552274 DOI: 10.1088/1748-3190/ac6f37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The mesocarp ofBertholletia excelsais a rich source of inspiration for strong, stiff and damage-tolerant composites. The bioinspired composites developed here are composed of an epoxy matrix with a 3D printed polylactic acid reinforced with 30% of carbon fiber (PLA-30CF) inspired in fibers, and syntactic foam inspired by sclereids. Monotonic and cyclic four-point bending tests and compact tension fracture toughness tests were carried out assisted by digital image correlation (DIC) to evaluate flexural properties, damage tolerance, and theR-curve of the composite. Its microstructure and fracture surface were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The mechanical performance of the bioinspired composite is promising: density of 1.0 g cm-3, flexural apparent elastic modulus of 1.6 GPa, and flexural strength six times higher than the neat epoxy, i.e. 17 MPa. Although the PLA-30CF printed structure led to a risingR-curve, the syntactic foam needs optimization to have a synergistic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sonego
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PPGCEM), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
- Mechanical Engineering Institute, Federal University of Itajubá (UNIFEI), Itajubá, MG, Brazil
| | - V F Sciuti
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PPGCEM), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
- Department of Materials Engineering (DEMa), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - R Vargas
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PPGCEM), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
- Université Paris-Saclay, CentraleSupélec, ENS Paris-Saclay, CNRS, LMPS - Laboratoire de Mécanique Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - R B Canto
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PPGCEM), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
- Department of Materials Engineering (DEMa), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - L A Pessan
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PPGCEM), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
- Department of Materials Engineering (DEMa), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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Dwivedi D, Santos ALD, Barnard MA, Crimmins TM, Malhotra A, Rod KA, Aho KS, Bell SM, Bomfim B, Brearley FQ, Cadillo‐Quiroz H, Chen J, Gough CM, Graham EB, Hakkenberg CR, Haygood L, Koren G, Lilleskov EA, Meredith LK, Naeher S, Nickerson ZL, Pourret O, Song H, Stahl M, Taş N, Vargas R, Weintraub‐Leff S. Biogeosciences Perspectives on Integrated, Coordinated, Open, Networked (ICON) Science. Earth Space Sci 2022; 9:e2021EA002119. [PMID: 35865637 PMCID: PMC9286804 DOI: 10.1029/2021ea002119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This article is composed of three independent commentaries about the state of Integrated, Coordinated, Open, Networked (ICON) principles in the American Geophysical Union Biogeosciences section, and discussion on the opportunities and challenges of adopting them. Each commentary focuses on a different topic: (a) Global collaboration, technology transfer, and application (Section 2), (b) Community engagement, community science, education, and stakeholder involvement (Section 3), and (c) Field, experimental, remote sensing, and real-time data research and application (Section 4). We discuss needs and strategies for implementing ICON and outline short- and long-term goals. The inclusion of global data and international community engagement are key to tackling grand challenges in biogeosciences. Although recent technological advances and growing open-access information across the world have enabled global collaborations to some extent, several barriers, ranging from technical to organizational to cultural, have remained in advancing interoperability and tangible scientific progress in biogeosciences. Overcoming these hurdles is necessary to address pressing large-scale research questions and applications in the biogeosciences, where ICON principles are essential. Here, we list several opportunities for ICON, including coordinated experimentation and field observations across global sites, that are ripe for implementation in biogeosciences as a means to scientific advancements and social progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Dwivedi
- Earth and Environmental Sciences AreaLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCAUSA
| | - A. L. D. Santos
- Department of Environmental EngineeringFederal University of ParanáPolytechnic Center CampusCuritibaBrazil
| | - M. A. Barnard
- Institute of Marine SciencesUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillMorehead CityNCUSA
| | - T. M. Crimmins
- School of Natural Resources and the EnvironmentUSA National Phenology NetworkUniversity of ArizonaTucsonAZUSA
| | - A. Malhotra
- Department of Earth System ScienceStanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA
| | - K. A. Rod
- Earth and Biological Sciences DirectoratePacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWAUSA
| | - K. S. Aho
- National Ecological Observatory NetworkBattelleBoulderCOUSA
| | - S. M. Bell
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA)Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB)BellaterraSpain
| | - B. Bomfim
- Climate and Ecosystems Sciences DivisionLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCAUSA
| | - F. Q. Brearley
- Department of Natural SciencesManchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUK
| | | | - J. Chen
- Department of Geography, Environment, and Spatial SciencesMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMIUSA
| | - C. M. Gough
- Department of BiologyVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVAUSA
| | - E. B. Graham
- Earth and Biological Sciences DirectoratePacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWAUSA
- School of Biological SciencesWashington State UniversityRichlandWAUSA
| | - C. R. Hakkenberg
- School of Informatics, Computing & Cyber SystemsNorthern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffAZUSA
| | - L. Haygood
- Department of GeosciencesThe University of TulsaTulsaOKUSA
- Boone Pickens School of GeologyOklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOKUSA
| | - G. Koren
- Copernicus Institute of Sustainable DevelopmentUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | | | - L. K. Meredith
- School of Natural Resources and the EnvironmentUniversity of ArizonaTucsonAZUSA
| | - S. Naeher
- Department of Surface GeosciencesGNS ScienceLower HuttNew Zealand
| | | | | | - H.‐S. Song
- Department of Biological Systems EngineeringUniversity of Nebraska–LincolnLincolnNEUSA
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyUniversity of Nebraska–LincolnLincolnNEUSA
| | - M. Stahl
- Department of GeosciencesUnion CollegeSchenectadyNYUSA
| | - N. Taş
- Earth and Environmental Sciences AreaLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCAUSA
| | - R. Vargas
- Department of Plant and Soil SciencesUniversity of DelawareNewarkDEUSA
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Fertitta L, Bolling M, Vargas R, van den Akker P, Bourrat E, van Geel M, Knebelmann B, Leclerc-Mercier S, Houillier P, Hadj-Rabia S. 085 Hypohidrosis, ichthyosis and hypokalemia: HELIX syndrome. J Invest Dermatol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.08.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Panza SB, Vargas R, Balbo SL, Bonfleur ML, Granzotto DCT, Sant'Ana DMG, Nogueira-Melo GA. Perinatal exposure to low doses of glyphosate-based herbicide combined with a high-fat diet in adulthood causes changes in the jejunums of mice. Life Sci 2021; 275:119350. [PMID: 33737081 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM Exposure to pesticides and consumption of high-fat diets are widespread in society. Reports have shown that exposure to glyphosate and a high-fat diet can cause gastrointestinal disorders and increase susceptibility to obesity. Thus, this study evaluated the impacts of perinatal exposure to glyphosate followed by consumption of a high-fat diet in adulthood on the histology and morphometry of jejunums and enteric nervous system of C57BL/6 mice. MATERIAL AND METHODS After mating, 20 C57BL/6 female mice were separated into a control group (CG) and a glyphosate group (GLY) that received water with 0.5% glyphosate. After the lactation period, some male offspring were randomly separated into CG-SD and GLY-SD (standard diet) groups or CG-HD and GLY-HD (high-fat diet) groups. After 12 weeks, jejunum samples were collected and submitted to histological analysis. KEY FINDINGS Indirect exposure to glyphosate changed the morphometry of the intestinal wall, increased the proportion of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) and goblet cells, and altered the area occupied by collagen fibers. The hyperlipidemic diet hypertrophied the jejunal total wall, total muscular and submucosal layers, decreased IELs, and increased the proportion of goblet cells. GLY-HD mice had shallower crypts, shorter villi, and less goblet cells and IELs than mice from GLY-SD group. GLY-HD also showed an increased number of neurons in myenteric and submucosal plexuses. Groups exposed to glyphosate and/or fed a high-fat diet had atrophied submucosal neurons. SIGNIFICANCE This study suggests that perinatal glyphosate exposure combined with a high-fat diet in adulthood increases the risk of jejunum inflammation and dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- S B Panza
- Biosciences and Physiopathology Program, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - R Vargas
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - S L Balbo
- Laboratory of Biophysics and Human Physiology, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Cascavel, Brazil
| | - M L Bonfleur
- Laboratory of Biophysics and Human Physiology, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Cascavel, Brazil
| | - D C T Granzotto
- Department of Statistics, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - D M G Sant'Ana
- Biosciences and Physiopathology Program, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil; Department of Morphological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - G A Nogueira-Melo
- Biosciences and Physiopathology Program, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil.
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Maurizi N, Fumagalli C, Spinicci M, Guglielmi E, Rosselli M, Gamboa H, Vargas R, Strohmeyer M, Bartoloni A, Olivotto I. Feasibility of a combined mobile-health electrocardiographic and rapid diagnostic test screening for Chagas-related cardiac alterations. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.3506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy (CChC) is the most common cause of death related to Chagas disease (CD), and it develops in 20–30% of infected individuals. However, access to both CD testing and basic cardiac care is often limited in rural deprived areas, hyperendemic for CD.
Purpose
To assess the feasibility of a combined mobile-health (m-Health) electrocardiographic (ECG) and rapid diagnostic test (RDT) screening for Chagas-related cardiac alterations in a remote rural village of the Bolivian Chaco, where a high prevalence of CChC is expected.
Methods
A representative sample of 140 healthy volunteers were consecutively enrolled in a rural Bolivian Community in February 2019. Demographic and clinical data were recorded through a standardized questionnaire. All patients performed an ECG by D-Heart, a validated low-cost hospital grade 8 and 12 lead smartphone portable ECG, and a serologic testing by Chagas Stat-Pak® (CSP). RDTs were read locally while ECGs were sent to a Cardiology clinic which transmitted reports within 24 hours from recording.
Results
Among 140 people (54 men, median age of 38 [23–54] years), 98 (70%, 95% CI 62.4–77.6) were positive for T. cruzi infection with CSP, with a linear, age-dependent, increasing trend (p<0.001). Overall, 25 individuals (18%) showed ECG abnormalities, compatible with CD. Prevalence of ECG abnormalities was significantly higher in T. cruzi infected individuals (22 vs 7%, p=0.032). None of the study participants had performed an ECG test prior to enrolment. ECG abnormalities included Bundle Branch Blocks (n=8), 1st Degree Atrioventricular blocks (n=3), rhythm disturbances (n=5), pathologic Q waves (n=2), fragmented QRS (n=5) and low QRS voltage (n=2). Twenty-two patients with a positive CSP testing and possible CD-related ECG abnormalities were recalled from Camiri Community and referred to Gutierrez Hospital for chest X-ray and treatment initiation. At multivariate analysis, positive CSP results (OR 4.75, 95% CI 1.08–20.96, p=0.039) and smoking habit (OR 4.20, 95% CI 1.18–14.92, p=0.027) were confirmed as independent predictors of ECG abnormalities. For 6-day screening for a community of 150 inhabitants, the overall start-up amount was projected to 4.82$/patient and to 8.23$/patient when operative costs (i.e. on-site nurse and healthcare assistant with remote physician on call) were included.
Conclusions
Combined D-Heart® ECG and RDTs screening proved a reliable and effective low-cost strategy to identify patients at high risk of disease and in need of further cardiologic assessment, in a rural, highly endemic environments of the Bolivian Chaco. Onsite and m-Health programmes should be encouraged to support early diagnosis of CD and CChC and provide access to targeted therapy to maximize treatment benefits prior to advanced cardiac involvement.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Affiliation(s)
- N Maurizi
- University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - C Fumagalli
- Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), Cardiomyopathy Unit, Florence, Italy
| | | | | | | | - H Gamboa
- General Hospital, Gutierrez, Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
| | - R Vargas
- General Hospital, Gutierrez, Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
| | | | | | - I Olivotto
- University of Florence, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Florence, Italy
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Chambers LM, Esakov E, Braley C, Sangwan N, Vargas R, Rose P, Lathia J, Michener C, Reizes O. Cisplatin chemotherapy impacts the gut microbiome in a preclinical murine model of epithelial ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.05.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Chambers LM, Esakov E, Braley C, Sangwan N, Vargas R, Rose P, Lathia J, Michener C, Reizes O. The gut microbiome attenuates epithelial ovarian cancer growth and platinum sensitivity: Novel opportunities for ovarian cancer treatment. Gynecol Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.05.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Rosenthal VD, Bat-Erdene I, Gupta D, Belkebir S, Rajhans P, Zand F, Myatra SN, Afeef M, Tanzi VL, Muralidharan S, Gurskis V, Al-Abdely HM, El-Kholy A, AlKhawaja SAA, Sen S, Mehta Y, Rai V, Hung NV, Sayed AF, Guerrero-Toapanta FM, Elahi N, Morfin-Otero MDR, Somabutr S, De-Carvalho BM, Magdarao MS, Velinova VA, Quesada-Mora AM, Anguseva T, Ikram A, Aguilar-de-Moros D, Duszynska W, Mejia N, Horhat FG, Belskiy V, Mioljevic V, Di-Silvestre G, Furova K, Gamar-Elanbya MO, Gupta U, Abidi K, Raka L, Guo X, Luque-Torres MT, Jayatilleke K, Ben-Jaballah N, Gikas A, Sandoval-Castillo HR, Trotter A, Valderrama-Beltrán SL, Leblebicioglu H, Riera F, López M, Maurizi D, Desse J, Pérez I, Silva G, Chaparro G, Golschmid D, Cabrera R, Montanini A, Bianchi A, Vimercati J, Rodríguez-del-Valle M, Domínguez C, Saul P, Chediack V, Piastrelini M, Cardena L, Ramasco L, Olivieri M, Gallardo P, Juarez P, Brito M, Botta P, Alvarez G, Benchetrit G, Caridi M, Stagnaro J, Bourlot I, García M, Arregui N, Saeed N, Abdul-Aziz S, ALSayegh S, Humood M, Mohamed-Ali K, Swar S, Magray T, Aguiar-Portela T, Sugette-de-Aguiar T, Serpa-Maia F, Fernandes-Alves-de-Lima L, Teixeira-Josino L, Sampaio-Bezerra M, Furtado-Maia R, Romário-Mendes A, Alves-De-Oliveira A, Vasconcelos-Carneiro A, Anjos-Lima JD, Pinto-Coelho K, Maciel-Canuto M, Rocha-Batista M, Moreira T, Rodrigues-Amarilo N, Lima-de-Barros T, Guimarães KA, Batista C, Santos C, de-Lima-Silva F, Santos-Mota E, Karla L, Ferreira-de-Souza M, Luzia N, de-Oliveira S, Takeda C, Azevedo-Ferreira-Lima D, Faheina J, Coelho-Oliveira L, do-Nascimento S, Machado-Silva V, Bento-Ferreira, Olszewski J, Tenorio M, Silva-Lemos A, Ramos-Feijó C, Cardoso D, Correa-Barbosa M, Assunção-Ponte G, Faheina J, da-Silva-Escudero D, Servolo-Medeiros E, Andrade-Oliveira-Reis M, Kostadinov E, Dicheva V, Petrov M, Guo C, Yu H, Liu T, Song G, Wang C, Cañas-Giraldo L, Marin-Tobar D, Trujillo-Ramirez E, Andrea-Rios P, Álvarez-Moreno C, Linares C, González-Rubio P, Ariza-Ayala B, Gamba-Moreno L, Gualtero-Trujill S, Segura-Sarmiento S, Rodriguez-Pena J, Ortega R, Olarte N, Pardo-Lopez Y, Luis Marino Otela-Baicue A, Vargas-Garcia A, Roncancio E, Gomez-Nieto K, Espinosa-Valencia M, Barahona-Guzman N, Avila-Acosta C, Raigoza-Martinez W, Villamil-Gomez W, Chapeta-Parada E, Mindiola-Rochel A, Corchuelo-Martinez A, Martinez A, Lagares-Guzman A, Rodriguez-Ferrer M, Yepes-Gomez D, Muñoz-Gutierrez G, Arguello-Ruiz A, Zuniga-Chavarria M, Maroto-Vargas L, Valverde-Hernández M, Solano-Chinchilla A, Calvo-Hernandez I, Chavarria-Ugalde O, Tolari G, Rojas-Fermin R, Diaz-Rodriguez C, Huascar S, Ortiz M, Bovera M, Alquinga N, Santacruz G, Jara E, Delgado V, Salgado-Yepez E, Valencia F, Pelaez C, Gonzalez-Flores H, Coello-Gordon E, Picoita F, Arboleda M, Garcia M, Velez J, Valle M, Unigarro L, Figueroa V, Marin K, Caballero-Narvaez H, Bayani V, Ahmed S, Alansary A, Hassan A, Abdel-Halim M, El-Fattah M, Abdelaziz-Yousef R, Hala A, Abdelhady K, Ahmed-Fouad H, Mounir-Agha H, Hamza H, Salah Z, Abdel-Aziz D, Ibrahim S, Helal A, AbdelMassih A, Mahmoud AR, Elawady B, El-sherif R, Fattah-Radwan Y, Abdel-Mawla T, Kamal-Elden N, Kartsonaki M, Rivera D, Mandal S, Mukherjee S, Navaneet P, Padmini B, Sorabjee J, Sakle A, Potdar M, Mane D, Sale H, Abdul-Gaffar M, Kazi M, Chabukswar S, Anju M, Gaikwad D, Harshe A, Blessymole S, Nair P, Khanna D, Chacko F, Rajalakshmi A, Mubarak A, Kharbanda M, Kumar S, Mathur P, Saranya S, Abubakar F, Sampat S, Raut V, Biswas S, Kelkar R, Divatia J, Chakravarthy M, Gokul B, Sukanya R, Pushparaj L, Thejasvini A, Rangaswamy S, Saini N, Bhattacharya C, Das S, Sanyal S, Chaudhury B, Rodrigues C, Khanna G, Dwivedy A, Binu S, Shetty S, Eappen J, Valsa T, Sriram A, Todi S, Bhattacharyya M, Bhakta A, Ramachandran B, Krupanandan R, Sahoo P, Mohanty N, Sahu S, Misra S, Ray B, Pattnaik S, Pillai H, Warrier A, Ranganathan L, Mani A, Rajagopal S, Abraham B, Venkatraman R, Ramakrishnan N, Devaprasad D, Siva K, Divekar D, Satish Kavathekar M, Suryawanshi M, Poojary A, Sheeba J, Patil P, Kukreja S, Varma K, Narayanan S, Sohanlal T, Agarwal A, Agarwal M, Nadimpalli G, Bhamare S, Thorat S, Sarda O, Nadimpalli P, Nirkhiwale S, Gehlot G, Bhattacharya S, Pandya N, Raphel A, Zala D, Mishra S, Patel M, Aggarwal D, Jawadwal B, Pawar N, Kardekar S, Manked A, Tamboli A, Manked A, Khety Z, Singhal T, Shah S, Kothari V, Naik R, Narain R, Sengupta S, Karmakar A, Mishra S, Pati B, Kantroo V, Kansal S, Modi N, Chawla R, Chawla A, Roy I, Mukherjee S, Bej M, Mukherjee P, Baidya S, Durell A, Vadi S, Saseedharan S, Anant P, Edwin J, Sen N, Sandhu K, Pandya N, Sharma S, Sengupta S, Palaniswamy V, Sharma P, Selvaraj M, Saurabh L, Agarwal M, Punia D, Soni D, Misra R, Harsvardhan R, Azim A, Kambam C, Garg A, Ekta S, Lakhe M, Sharma C, Singh G, Kaur A, Singhal S, Chhabra K, Ramakrishnan G, Kamboj H, Pillai S, Rani P, Singla D, Sanaei A, Maghsudi B, Sabetian G, Masjedi M, Shafiee E, Nikandish R, Paydar S, Khalili H, Moradi A, Sadeghi P, Bolandparvaz S, Mubarak S, Makhlouf M, Awwad M, Ayyad O, Shaweesh A, Khader M, Alghazawi A, Hussien N, Alruzzieh M, Mohamed Y, ALazhary M, Abdul Aziz O, Alazmi M, Mendoza J, De Vera P, Rillorta A, de Guzman M, Girvan M, Torres M, Alzahrani N, Alfaraj S, Gopal U, Manuel M, Alshehri R, Lessing L, Alzoman H, Abdrahiem J, Adballah H, Thankachan J, Gomaa H, Asad T, AL-Alawi M, Al-Abdullah N, Demaisip N, Laungayan-Cortez E, Cabato A, Gonzales J, Al Raey M, Al-Darani S, Aziz M, Al-Manea B, Samy E, AlDalaton M, Alaliany M, Alabdely H, Helali N, Sindayen G, Malificio A, Al-Dossari H, Kelany A, Algethami A, Mohamed D, Yanne L, Tan A, Babu S, Abduljabbar S, Al-Zaydani M, Ahmed H, Al Jarie A, Al-Qathani A, Al-Alkami H, AlDalaton M, Alih S, Alaliany M, Gasmin-Aromin R, Balon-Ubalde E, Diab H, Kader N, Hassan-Assiry I, Kelany A, Albeladi E, Aboushoushah S, Qushmaq N, Fernandez J, Hussain W, Rajavel R, Bukhari S, Rushdi H, Turkistani A, Mushtaq J, Bohlega E, Simon S, Damlig E, Elsherbini S, Abraham S, Kaid E, Al-Attas A, Hawsawi G, Hussein B, Esam B, Caminade Y, Santos A, Abdulwahab M, Aldossary A, Al-Suliman S, AlTalib A, Albaghly N, HaqlreMia M, Kaid E, Altowerqi R, Ghalilah K, Alradady M, Al-Qatri A, Chaouali M, Shyrine E, Philipose J, Raees M, AbdulKhalik N, Madco M, Acostan C, Safwat R, Halwani M, Abdul-Aal N, Thomas A, Abdulatif S, Ali-Karrar M, Al-Gosn N, Al-Hindi A, Jaha R, AlQahtani S, Ayugat E, Al-Hussain M, Aldossary A, Al-Suliman S, Al-Talib A, Albaghly N, Haqlre-Mia M, Briones S, Krishnan R, Tabassum K, Alharbi L, Madani A, Al-Hindi A, Al-Gethamy M, Alamri D, Spahija G, Gashi A, Kurian A, George S, Mohamed A, Ramapurath R, Varghese S, Abdo N, Foda-Salama M, Al-Mousa H, Omar A, Salama M, Toleb M, Khamis S, Kanj S, Zahreddine N, Kanafani Z, Kardas T, Ahmadieh R, Hammoud Z, Zeid I, Al-Souheil A, Ayash H, Mahfouz T, Kondratas T, Grinkeviciute D, Kevalas R, Dagys A, Mitrev Z, Bogoevska-Miteva Z, Jankovska K, Guroska S, Petrovska M, Popovska K, Ng C, Hoon Y, Hasan YM, Othman-Jailani M, Hadi-Jamaluddin M, Othman A, Zainol H, Wan-Yusoff W, Gan C, Lum L, Ling C, Aziz F, Zhazali R, Abud-Wahab M, Cheng T, Elghuwael I, Wan-Mat W, Abd-Rahman R, Perez-Gomez H, Kasten-Monges M, Esparza-Ahumada S, Rodriguez-Noriega E, Gonzalez-Diaz E, Mayoral-Pardo D, Cerero-Gudino A, Altuzar-Figueroa M, Perez-Cruz J, Escobar-Vazquez M, Aragon D, Coronado-Magana H, Mijangos-Mendez J, Corona-Jimenez F, Aguirre-Avalos G, Lopez-Mateos A, Martinez-Marroquin M, Montell-Garcia M, Martinez-Martinez A, Leon-Sanchez E, Gomez-Flores G, Ramirez M, Gomez M, Lozano M, Mercado V, Zamudio-Lugo I, Gomez-Gonzalez C, Miranda-Novales M, Villegas-Mota I, Reyes-Garcia C, Ramirez-Morales M, Sanchez-Rivas M, Cureno-Diaz M, Matias-Tellez B, Gonzalez-Martinez J, Juarez-Vargas R, Pastor-Salinas O, Gutierrez-Munoz V, Conde-Mercado J, Bruno-Carrasco G, Manrique M, Monroy-Colin V, Cruz-Rivera Z, Rodriguez-Pacheco J, Cruz N, Hernandez-Chena B, Guido-Ramirez O, Arteaga-Troncoso G, Guerra-Infante F, Lopez-Hurtado M, Caleco JD, Leyva-Medellin E, Salamanca-Meneses A, Cosio-Moran C, Ruiz-Rendon R, Aguilar-Angel L, Sanchez-Vargas M, Mares-Morales R, Fernandez-Alvarez L, Castillo-Cruz B, Gonzalez-Ma M, Zavala-Ramír M, Rivera-Reyna L, del-Moral-Rossete L, Lopez-Rubio C, Valadez-de-Alba M, Bat-Erdene A, Chuluunchimeg K, Baatar O, Batkhuu B, Ariyasuren Z, Bayasgalan G, Baigalmaa S, Uyanga T, Suvderdene P, Enkhtsetseg D, Suvd-Erdene D, Chimedtseye E, Bilguun G, Tuvshinbayar M, Dorj M, Khajidmaa T, Batjargal G, Naranpurev M, Bat-Erdene A, Bolormaa T, Battsetseg T, Batsuren C, Batsaikhan N, Tsolmon B, Saranbaatar A, Natsagnyam P, Nyamdawa O, Madani N, Abouqal R, Zeggwagh A, Berechid K, Dendane T, Koirala A, Giri R, Sainju S, Acharya S, Paul N, Parveen A, Raza A, Nizamuddin S, Sultan F, Imran X, Sajjad R, Khan M, Sana F, Tayyab N, Ahmed A, Zaman G, Khan I, Khurram F, Hussain A, Zahra F, Imtiaz A, Daud N, Sarwar M, Roop Z, Yusuf S, Hanif F, Shumaila X, Zeb J, Ali S, Demas S, Ariff S, Riaz A, Hussain A, Kanaan A, Jeetawi R, Castaño E, Moreno-Castillo L, García-Mayorca E, Prudencio-Leon W, Vivas-Pardo A, Changano-Rodriguez M, Castillo-Bravo L, Aibar-Yaranga K, Marquez-Mondalgo V, Mueras-Quevedo J, Meza-Borja C, Flor J, Fernandez-Camacho Y, Banda-Flores C, Pichilingue-Chagray J, Castaneda-Sabogal A, Caoili J, Mariano M, Maglente R, Santos S, de-Guzman G, Mendoza M, Javellana O, Tajanlangit A, Tapang A, Sg-Buenaflor M, Labro E, Carma R, Dy A, Fortin J, Navoa-Ng J, Cesar J, Bonifacio B, Llames M, Gata H, Tamayo A, Calupit H, Catcho V, Bergosa L, Abuy M, Barteczko-Grajek B, Rojek S, Szczesny A, Domanska M, Lipinska G, Jaroslaw J, Wieczoreka A, Szczykutowicza A, Gawor M, Piwoda M, Rydz-Lutrzykowska J, Grudzinska M, Kolat-Brodecka P, Smiechowicz K, Tamowicz B, Mikstacki A, Grams A, Sobczynski P, Nowicka M, Kretov V, Shalapuda V, Molkov A, Puzanov S, Utkin I, Tchekulaev A, Tulupova V, Vasiljevic S, Nikolic L, Ristic G, Eremija J, Kojovic J, Lekic D, Simic A, Hlinkova S, Lesnakova A, Kadankunnel S, Abdo-Ali M, Pimathai R, Wanitanukool S, Supa N, Prasan P, Luxsuwong M, Khuenkaew Y, Lamngamsupha J, Siriyakorn N, Prasanthai V, Apisarnthanarak A, Borgi A, Bouziri A, Cabadak H, Tuncer G, Bulut C, Hatipoglu C, Sebnem F, Demiroz A, Kaya A, Ersoz G, Kuyucu N, Karacorlu S, Oncul O, Gorenek L, Erdem H, Yildizdas D, Horoz O, Guclu E, Kaya G, Karabay O, Altindis M, Oztoprak N, Sahip Y, Uzun C, Erben N, Usluer G, Ozgunes I, Ozcelik M, Ceyda B, Oral M, Unal N, Cigdem Y, Bayar M, Bermede O, Saygili S, Yesiler I, Memikoglu O, Tekin R, Oncul A, Gunduz A, Ozdemir D, Geyik M, Erdogan S, Aygun C, Dilek A, Esen S, Turgut H, Sungurtekin H, Ugurcan D, Yarar V, Bilir Y, Bayram N, Devrim I, Agin H, Ceylan G, Yasar N, Oruc Y, Ramazanoglu A, Turhan O, Cengiz M, Yalcin A, Dursun O, Gunasan P, Kaya S, Senol G, Kocagoz A, Al-Rahma H, Annamma P, El-Houfi A, Vidal H, Perez F, D-Empaire G, Ruiz Y, Hernandez D, Aponte D, Salinas E, Vidal H, Navarrete N, Vargas R, Sanchez E, Ngo Quy C, Thu T, Nguyet L, Hang P, Hang T, Hanh T, Anh D. International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) report, data summary of 45 countries for 2012-2017: Device-associated module. Am J Infect Control 2020; 48:423-432. [PMID: 31676155 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2019.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We report the results of International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) surveillance study from January 2012 to December 2017 in 523 intensive care units (ICUs) in 45 countries from Latin America, Europe, Eastern Mediterranean, Southeast Asia, and Western Pacific. METHODS During the 6-year study period, prospective data from 532,483 ICU patients hospitalized in 242 hospitals, for an aggregate of 2,197,304 patient days, were collected through the INICC Surveillance Online System (ISOS). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-National Healthcare Safety Network (CDC-NHSN) definitions for device-associated health care-associated infection (DA-HAI) were applied. RESULTS Although device use in INICC ICUs was similar to that reported from CDC-NHSN ICUs, DA-HAI rates were higher in the INICC ICUs: in the medical-surgical ICUs, the pooled central line-associated bloodstream infection rate was higher (5.05 vs 0.8 per 1,000 central line-days); the ventilator-associated pneumonia rate was also higher (14.1 vs 0.9 per 1,000 ventilator-days,), as well as the rate of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (5.1 vs 1.7 per 1,000 catheter-days). From blood cultures samples, frequencies of resistance, such as of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to piperacillin-tazobactam (33.0% vs 18.3%), were also higher. CONCLUSIONS Despite a significant trend toward the reduction in INICC ICUs, DA-HAI rates are still much higher compared with CDC-NHSN's ICUs representing the developed world. It is INICC's main goal to provide basic and cost-effective resources, through the INICC Surveillance Online System to tackle the burden of DA-HAIs effectively.
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Balasch JC, Vargas R, Brandts I, Tvarijonaviciute A, Reyes-López F, Tort L, Teles M. Divergent personalities influence the myogenic regulatory genes myostatin, myogenin and ghr2 transcript responses to Vibrio anguillarum vaccination in fish fingerlings (Sparus aurata). Physiol Behav 2019; 212:112697. [PMID: 31622611 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.112697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Myogenic regulators of muscle development, metabolism and growth differ between fish species in a context-specific manner. Commonly, the analysis of environmental influences on the expression of muscle-related gene regulators in teleosts is based on differences in swimming performance, feeding behaviour and stress-resistance, but the evaluation of behavioural phenotyping of immune and stress-related responsiveness in skeletal muscle is still scarce. Here we challenge proactive and reactive fingerlings of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata), one of the most commonly cultured species in the Mediterranean area, with highly pathogenic O1, O2α and O2β serotypes of Vibrio anguillarum, a widespread opportunistic pathogen of marine animals, to analyse skeletal muscle responses to bath vaccination. Transcripts related to inflammation (interleukin 1β, il1β; tumour necrosis factor-α, tnfα; and immunoglobulin M, igm), and muscle metabolism and growth (lipoprotein, lpl; myostatin, mstn-1; myogenin; and growth hormone receptors type I and II, ghr1 and ghr2, respectively) were analysed. Biochemical indicators of muscle metabolism and function (creatine kinase, CK, aspartate aminotransferase, AST; esterase activity, EA; total antioxidant status, TAC and glucose) were also determined. Our results indicate that proactive, but not reactive, fish respond to Vibrio vaccination by increasing the expression levels of mstn-1, myogenin and ghr2 transcripts at short-/medium- term (1 to 3 days' post vaccination). No effect of vaccination was observed in immune indicators or biochemical parameters in either phenotypes, except for elevated levels of EA in reactive fish one-week post vaccination. This suggests that behavioural divergence should be taken into account to evaluate the crosstalk between immune, metabolic and growth processes in muscle of immune-challenged fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Balasch
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Vargas
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SNI) SENACYT, Universidad de Panamá, Chiriquí, Panamá
| | - I Brandts
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Tvarijonaviciute
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis INTERLAB-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Espinardo, Murcia 30100, Spain
| | - F Reyes-López
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Tort
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Teles
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
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Vargas R, Neggers J, Canto R, Rodrigues J, Hild F. Analysis of a castable refractory using the wedge splitting test and cohesive zone model. Ann Ital Chir 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Vargas R, Balasch JC, Brandts I, Reyes-López F, Tort L, Teles M. Variations in the immune and metabolic response of proactive and reactive Sparus aurata under stimulation with Vibrio anguillarum vaccine. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17352. [PMID: 30478379 PMCID: PMC6255872 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35863-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental insults, such as exposure to pathogens, modulate the behavioural coping style of animals to stressors, and repeated exposure to stressful environments may lead to species-specific infection phenotypes. To analyse the influence of stress behavioural phenotypes on immune and metabolic performance, gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L.) were first screened for proactive and reactive coping styles. Once characterized, both behavioural phenotypes fish groups were bath vaccinated with bacterin from Vibrio anguillarum, an opportunistic widespread pathogen of fish. Gills and liver were sampled at 0 (control group), 1, 3 and 7 days post-vaccination. Immune-, oxidative stress- and metabolic-related transcripts (il1β, tnfα, igm, gpx1, sod, cat, lpl, ghr1 and ghr2), metabolic endpoints (glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides), hepatic health indicators (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine transaminase and alkaline phosphatase), oxidative stress status (esterase activity, total antioxidant capacity and total oxidative status) and stress biomarkers (cortisol) were determined. Present results indicate that screening for coping styles in the gilthead sea bream segregated the two distinct phenotypes as expected: proactive and reactive. Results also indicate that under bath vaccination proactive fish show high immune response and lower metabolism, whereas reactive fish show low immune and higher metabolic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Vargas
- Programa Inserción SENACYT-Universidad de Panamá, Extensión Universitaria de Aguadulce, Aguadulce, Panama
| | - J C Balasch
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - I Brandts
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Reyes-López
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Tort
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Teles
- CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
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Vargas R, Marrugo AG, Pineda J, Meneses J, Romero L. Camera-Projector Calibration Methods with Compensation of Geometric Distortions in Fringe Projection Profilometry: A Comparative Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.7149/opa.51.3.50305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Idrogo JM, Vargas R, Sihuincha M. Malaria in HIV patients. Case series in a Peruvian hospital with low endemicity of unstable malaria. Int J Infect Dis 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2018.04.3832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Vargas R, Vargas C, Costales A, Connor E, Ricci S. Readability of online hysterectomy literature: Too difficult for our patients? Gynecol Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2018.04.480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Moulton L, Vargas R, Michener C. Sentinel lymph node mapping in endometrial and cervical cancer: A survey of practices and attitudes in gynecologic oncologists. Gynecol Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2018.04.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Connor E, Newlin E, Vargas R, AlHilli M. Non-home discharge is associated with longer interval to adjuvant chemotherapy and increased 90-day mortality in women undergoing surgery for epithelial ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2018.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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23
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Vargas R, Costales A, Mahdi H. Robotic-Assisted Laparoscopic Upper Vaginectomy and Rectosigmoid Resection with Primary Reanastamosis. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2017.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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24
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Vargas R, Riquelme B, Fernández J, Videla LA. A combined docosahexaenoic acid–thyroid hormone protocol upregulates rat liver β-Klotho expression and downstream components of FGF21 signaling as a potential novel approach to metabolic stress conditions. Food Funct 2017; 8:3980-3988. [DOI: 10.1039/c7fo00923b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We study the mechanism of how liver preconditioning by a DHA and triiodothyronine combined protocol underlies peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor α (PPARα)-fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) upregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Vargas
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences
- Faculty of Medicine
- University of Chile
- Santiago
| | - B. Riquelme
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences
- Faculty of Medicine
- University of Chile
- Santiago
| | - J. Fernández
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences
- Faculty of Medicine
- University of Chile
- Santiago
| | - L. A. Videla
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences
- Faculty of Medicine
- University of Chile
- Santiago
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Abstract
There has been a great interest in endotoxin testing using both Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) and the rabbit pyrogen test. It is often difficult to relate the results to the actual biological potency of endotoxin in man. There is a need to have the US Standard Endotoxin (Lot EC-5) tested in human volunteers so that rabbit and human data can be compared.Human male volunteers were divided randomly into 5 groups of 12. Each group was given an intravenous injection of Lot EC-5 at a level of either 0, 2, 4, 8, or 16 endotoxin units (EU) per kg of body weight. The oral temperature was taken and recorded every 15 min for 8 h. The pyrogenic properties of the US Standard Endotoxin in humans over the test period were determined. The results indicated that there is a direct correlation between EU/kg administered and temperature rise. The threshold pyrogenic dose (≥ 1.0°F rise in 50% of volunteers) in this study is approximately 4.1 EU/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- H.D. Hochstein
- Division of Product Quality Control, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, FDA, Rockville, MD, USA, Clinical Research Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - E.A. Fitzgerald
- Division of Product Quality Control, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, FDA, Rockville, MD, USA, Clinical Research Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - F.G. McMahon
- Division of Product Quality Control, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, FDA, Rockville, MD, USA, Clinical Research Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - R. Vargas
- Division of Product Quality Control, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, FDA, Rockville, MD, USA, Clinical Research Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
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26
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Mahdi H, Xiaozhen H, Rose P, Vargas R. Disparity in survival between white and African American patients with uterine serous carcinoma: Changes in clinical characteristics, pattern of care and outcome over time from 1988 to 2011. Gynecol Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2016.04.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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27
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Rauh-Hain J, Foley O, Clark R, Vargas R, Hinchcliff E, Esselen K, Horowitz N, del Carmen M. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with stage I epithelial ovarian cancer compared to fallopian tube cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2015.01.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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28
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Pedemonte JC, Vargas R, Castillo V, Hodali T, Gutiérrez S, Tapia G, Castillo I, Videla LA, Fernández V. A combined iron and thyroid hormone protocol suppresses ischemia–reperfusion injury in rat livers. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra15863f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver preconditioning (PC) against ischemia–reperfusion (IR) injury is attained by iron (Fe) or thyroid hormone (T3) administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. C. Pedemonte
- Program of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences
- Faculty of Medicine
- University of Chile
- Santiago
| | - R. Vargas
- Program of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences
- Faculty of Medicine
- University of Chile
- Santiago
| | - V. Castillo
- Program of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences
- Faculty of Medicine
- University of Chile
- Santiago
| | - T. Hodali
- Program of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences
- Faculty of Medicine
- University of Chile
- Santiago
| | - S. Gutiérrez
- Program of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences
- Faculty of Medicine
- University of Chile
- Santiago
| | - G. Tapia
- Program of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences
- Faculty of Medicine
- University of Chile
- Santiago
| | - I. Castillo
- School of Medicine
- Faculty of Medicine
- Catholic University of Talca
- Chile
| | - L. A. Videla
- Program of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences
- Faculty of Medicine
- University of Chile
- Santiago
| | - V. Fernández
- Program of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences
- Faculty of Medicine
- University of Chile
- Santiago
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29
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Rey S, Boltana S, Vargas R, Roher N, Mackenzie S. Combining animal personalities with transcriptomics resolves individual variation within a wild-type zebrafish population and identifies underpinning molecular differences in brain function. Mol Ecol 2013; 22:6100-15. [PMID: 24118534 DOI: 10.1111/mec.12556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Resolving phenotype variation within a population in response to environmental perturbation is central to understanding biological adaptation. Relating meaningful adaptive changes at the level of the transcriptome requires the identification of processes that have a functional significance for the individual. This remains a major objective towards understanding the complex interactions between environmental demand and an individual's capacity to respond to such demands. The interpretation of such interactions and the significance of biological variation between individuals from the same or different populations remain a difficult and under-addressed question. Here, we provide evidence that variation in gene expression between individuals in a zebrafish population can be partially resolved by a priori screening for animal personality and accounts for >9% of observed variation in the brain transcriptome. Proactive and reactive individuals within a wild-type population exhibit consistent behavioural responses over time and context that relates to underlying differences in regulated gene networks and predicted protein-protein interactions. These differences can be mapped to distinct regions of the brain and provide a foundation towards understanding the coordination of underpinning adaptive molecular events within populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rey
- Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
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Vargas R, Ortega Y, Bozo V, Andrade M, Minuzzi G, Cornejo P, Fernandez V, Videla LA. Thyroid hormone activates rat liver adenosine 5,-monophosphate-activated protein kinase: relation to CaMKKb, TAK1 and LKB1 expression and energy status. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2013; 27:989-999. [PMID: 24382180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a sensor of energy status supporting cellular energy homeostasis that may represent the metabolic basis for 3,3,,5-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3) liver preconditioning. Functionally transient hyperthyroid state induced by T3 (single dose of 0.1 mg/kg) in fed rats led to upregulation of mRNA expression (RT-PCR) and protein phosphorylation (Western blot) of hepatic AMPK at 8 to 36 h after treatment. AMPK Thr 172 phosphorylation induced by T3 is associated with enhanced mRNA expression of the upstream kinases Ca2+ -calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase-beta (CaMKKbeta) and transforming growth-factor-beta-activated kinase-1 (TAK1), with increased protein levels of CaMKKbeta and higher TAK1 phosphorylation, without changes in those of the liver kinase B1 (LKB1) signaling pathway. Liver contents of AMP and ADP were augmented by 291 percent and 44 percent by T3 compared to control values (p less than 0.05), respectively, whereas those of ATP decreased by 64% (p less than 0.05), with no significant changes in the total content of adenine nucleotides (AMP + ADP + ATP) at 24 h after T3 administration. Consequently, hepatic ATP/ADP content ratios exhibited 64 percent diminution (p less than 0.05) and those of AMP/ATP increased by 425 percent (p less than 0.05) in T3-treated rats over controls. It is concluded that in vivoT3 administration triggers liver AMPK upregulation in association with significant enhancements in AMPK mRNA expression, AMPK phosphorylation coupled to CaMKKbeta and TAK1 activation, and in AMP/ATP ratios, which may promote enhanced AMPK activity to support T3-induced energy consuming processes such as those of liver preconditioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Vargas
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Y Ortega
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - V Bozo
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - M Andrade
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - G Minuzzi
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - P Cornejo
- School of Medical Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Diego Portales University, Santiago, Chile
| | - V Fernandez
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - L A Videla
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Abstract
The effect of pentosan polysulfate sodium on warfarin pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics was investigated in healthy subjects. Warfarin was titrated to an international normalized ratio between 1.4 and 1.8. Subjects continued their titrated dose of warfarin and received pentosan polysulfate sodium 100 mg or placebo every 8 hours for 7 days. The Cmax of R- and S-warfarin was approximately 840 to 890 ng/mL and 680 to 730 ng/mL, respectively, and was similar in the absence and presence of pentosan polysulfate sodium. The half-life for R- and S-warfarin was 52 to 56 hours and 36 to 40 hours, respectively. Prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, and the international normalized ratio for warfarin + placebo and warfarin + pentosan polysulfate sodium were comparable. The AUC(INR) indicated no treatment effect (P = .772); however, there was a period effect. Analysis of variance for the treatments by period indicated no treatment effect (P > .1). Adverse events were mild and included headache, epistaxis, and rash. Most adverse events were unrelated to treatment and were seen during warfarin titration. Pentosan polysulfate sodium did not affect warfarin pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishit B Modi
- ALZA Corp, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, 1900 Charleston Road, PO Box 7210, Mountain View, CA 94039-7210, USA
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32
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Shi J, Montay G, Chapel S, Hardy P, Barrett JS, Sack M, Marbury T, Swan SK, Vargas R, Leclerc V, Leroy B, Bhargava VO. Pharmacokinetics and Safety of the Ketolide Telithromycin in Patients with Renal Impairment. J Clin Pharmacol 2013; 44:234-44. [PMID: 14973302 DOI: 10.1177/0091270003262952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The pharmacokinetics and safety of the ketolide telithromycin were evaluated in two separate studies after single and repeat oral dosing in patients with varying degrees of renal impairment and in subjects with normal renal function. The single-dose study was an open-label, nonrandomized, parallel-group design in which all 40 patients received a single oral dose of telithromycin 800 mg. The repeat-dose study was an open-label study with a randomized, balanced, incomplete three-block treatment crossover design. In this study, each of the 36 patients received two of three telithromycin regimens (400, 600, or 800 mg once daily for 5 days), with a washout period of >/= 7 days between treatments. Telithromycin was well tolerated. Adverse events were generally mild in severity, and no serious drug-related adverse events were reported. Plasma exposure to telithromycin (C(max), AUC) showed a tendency to increase with increasing severity of renal impairment in both studies. In patients with severe renal impairment (CL(CR) < 30 mL/min) receiving telithromycin 800 mg in the repeat-dose study, C(max,ss) and AUC((0-24 h)ss) increased 1.5-fold (p < 0.05) to 2.0-fold (p = 0.0005), respectively, compared with healthy subjects. The percentage of dose excreted in urine and renal clearance (CL(R)) of telithromycin was found to decrease significantly with increasing severity of renal impairment in both studies, and CL(R) was found to be independent of telithromycin dose in the repeat-dose study. In conclusion, telithromycin dosage adjustment is not necessary in patients with mild to moderate renal impairment (CL(CR) >/= 30 mL/min). In patients with severe renal impairment (CL(CR) < 30 mL/min), dosage adjustment could be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Shi
- Aventis Pharmaceuticals, Biopharmaceutics, 1041 Route 202-206, P.O. Box 6800, Bridgewater, NJ 08807-0800, USA
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Chowell G, Viboud C, Simonsen L, Miller MA, Hurtado J, Soto G, Vargas R, Guzman MA, Ulloa M, Munayco CV. The 1918-1920 influenza pandemic in Peru. Vaccine 2012; 29 Suppl 2:B21-6. [PMID: 21757099 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2010] [Revised: 01/13/2011] [Accepted: 02/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing our knowledge of past influenza pandemic patterns in different regions of the world is crucial to guide preparedness plans against future influenza pandemics. Here, we undertook extensive archival collection efforts from three representative cities of Peru-Lima in the central coast, Iquitos in the northeastern Amazon region, Ica in the southern coast-to characterize the temporal, age and geographic patterns of the 1918-1920 influenza pandemic in this country. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed historical documents describing the 1918-1920 influenza pandemic in Peru and retrieved individual mortality records from local provincial archives for quantitative analysis. We applied seasonal excess mortality models to daily and monthly respiratory mortality rates for 1917-1920 and quantified transmissibility estimates based on the daily growth rate in respiratory deaths. RESULTS A total of 52,739 individual mortality records were inspected from local provincial archives. We found evidence for an initial mild pandemic wave during July-September 1918 in Lima, identified a synchronized severe pandemic wave of respiratory mortality in all three locations during November 1918-February 1919, and a severe pandemic wave during January 1920-March 1920 in Lima and July-October 1920 in Ica. There was no recrudescent pandemic wave in 1920 in Iquitos. Remarkably, Lima experienced the brunt of the 1918-1920 excess mortality impact during the 1920 recrudescent wave, with all age groups experiencing an increase in all cause excess mortality from 1918-1919 to 1920. Middle age groups experienced the highest excess mortality impact, relative to baseline levels, in the 1918-1919 and 1920 pandemic waves. Cumulative excess mortality rates for the 1918-1920 pandemic period were higher in Iquitos (2.9%) than Lima (1.6%). The mean reproduction number for Lima was estimated in the range 1.3-1.5. CONCLUSIONS We identified synchronized pandemic waves of intense excess respiratory mortality during November 1918-February 1919 in Lima, Iquitos, Ica, followed by asynchronous recrudescent waves in 1920. Cumulative data from quantitative studies of the 1918 influenza pandemic in Latin American settings have confirmed the high mortality impact associated with this pandemic. Further historical studies in lesser studied regions of Latin America, Africa, and Asia are warranted for a full understanding of the global impact of the 1918 pandemic virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Chowell
- Mathematical, Computational & Modeling Sciences Center, School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.
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Vargas R, Thorsteinsson H, Karlsson KAE. Spontaneous neural activity of the anterodorsal lobe and entopeduncular nucleus in adult zebrafish: a putative homologue of hippocampal sharp waves. Behav Brain Res 2011; 229:10-20. [PMID: 22207154 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2011.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2011] [Revised: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 12/14/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Spontaneous neural activity is instrumental in the formation and maintenance of neural circuits that govern behavior. In mammals, spontaneous activity is observed in the spinal cord, brainstem, diencephalon, and neocortex, and has been most extensively studied in the hippocampus. Using whole-brain in vitro recordings we establish the presence of spontaneous activity in two regions of the zebrafish telenchephalon: the entopeduncular nucleus (EN) and the anterodorsal lobe (ADL). The ADL is part of the lateral telencephalic pallium, an area hypothesized to be functionally equivalent to the mammalian hippocampus. In contrast, the EN has been hypothesized to be equivalent to the mammalian basal ganglia. The observed spontaneous activity is GABA modulated, sensitive to glutamate and chloride transporter antagonists, and is abolished by sodium pump blockers; moreover, the spontaneous activity in the ADL is a slow multiband event (∼100 ms) characterized by an embedded fast ripple wave (∼150-180 Hz). Thus, the spontaneous activity in the ADL shares physiological features of hippocampal sharp waves in rodents. We suggest that this spontaneous activity is important for the formation and maintenance of neural circuits in zebrafish and argue that applying techniques unique to the fish may open novel routes to understand the function of spontaneous activity in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Vargas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland
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Vargas R, Jóhannesdóttir IT, Sigurgeirsson B, Thorsteinsson H, Karlsson KAE. The zebrafish brain in research and teaching: a simple in vivo and in vitro model for the study of spontaneous neural activity. Adv Physiol Educ 2011; 35:188-196. [PMID: 21652504 DOI: 10.1152/advan.00099.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the zebrafish (Danio rerio) has been established as a key animal model in neuroscience. Behavioral, genetic, and immunohistochemical techniques have been used to describe the connectivity of diverse neural circuits. However, few studies have used zebrafish to understand the function of cerebral structures or to study neural circuits. Information about the techniques used to obtain a workable preparation is not readily available. Here, we describe a complete protocol for obtaining in vitro and in vivo zebrafish brain preparations. In addition, we performed extracellular recordings in the whole brain, brain slices, and immobilized nonanesthetized larval zebrafish to evaluate the viability of the tissue. Each type of preparation can be used to detect spontaneous activity, to determine patterns of activity in specific brain areas with unknown functions, or to assess the functional roles of different neuronal groups during brain development in zebrafish. The technique described offers a guide that will provide innovative and broad opportunities to beginner students and researchers who are interested in the functional analysis of neuronal activity, plasticity, and neural development in the zebrafish brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Vargas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Reykjavik University, Iceland.
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36
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Smonskey M, Starostik P, Deeb G, Demock K, Vargas R, Lal D, Sait SN, Wetzler M, Wang ES. Association of IDH1 mutations in normal karyotype acute myeloid leukemia samples with higher HIF-1α and VEGF-A expression. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.6530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Massin P, Bonnin M, Paratte S, Vargas R, Piriou P, Deschamps G. Total knee replacement in post-traumatic arthritic knees with limitation of flexion. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2011; 97:28-33. [PMID: 21167802 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2010.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2010] [Revised: 05/23/2010] [Accepted: 06/29/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The objective of this study is to investigate the results of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in traumatic osteoarthritis cases with flexion restriction and to describe the technical details of their management. A multicentre series comprising 40 patients with limitation of flexion less than or equal to 90° was selected from 152 cases of post-traumatic knee arthritis with malunion. We hypothesized that the arthroplasty complication rate would be higher than in other etiologies of limitation of flexion and would require specific management strategies. PATIENTS In 23 cases, intra-articular malunion was present, in 15 cases extra-articular, and in two cases combined. The mean flexion was 72±23°, extension was 6±6°, and total range of motion (ROM) 66±23°. Eight cases of flexion restriction were severe (flexion<50°), six intermediate (flexion, 50-70°) and 26 moderate. In 14 cases, the anterior tibial tuberosity was osteotomized (43% intra-articular malunion and 6% extra-articular malunion). Five simultaneous realignment osteotomies were necessary. In severe cases of limitation of flexion, five extensive quadriceps releases were associated. RESULTS Four mobilizations under general anesthesia were performed. In the cases of severe limitation of flexion, we noted three avulsions of the patellar tendon, two cases of cutaneous necrosis, one of which was associated with deep infection, and another case of deep infection. In the cases of moderate limitation of flexion, we noted one case of nonunion of the tibial tuberosity and two cases were revised for loosening, one aseptic and the other septic. With a mean follow-up of 5±4 years, the mean flexion was 99.4°±23 for a gain of 26.7±20°. The final flexion and the gain in flexion were correlated with preoperative flexion (r=0.62 and r=-0.47, respectively). The final amplitude was 99±27° for a gain of 33±21°. The flexion gains were comparable for both types of malunion, whether they were intra- or extra-articular. DISCUSSION Arthroplasty provided a substantial gain in flexion. Osteotomy of the tibial tuberosity and the realignment osteotomies should be performed if necessary, with no risk of compromising the result. Superior gains can be sought in severe cases of limitation of flexion by releasing the extensor apparatus, in absence of cutaneous scar tissue retractions and recent infection. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 4. Noncomparative retrospective study.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Massin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Bichat-Claude-Bernard Teaching Hospital center, Paris-Diderot University, 46, rue Henri-Huchard, 75877 Paris cedex 18, France.
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38
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Vargas R, Cifuentes F, Morales M. Role of presynaptic and postsynaptic IP3-dependent intracellular calcium release in long-term potentiation in sympathetic ganglion of the rat. Synapse 2010; 65:441-8. [DOI: 10.1002/syn.20862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2010] [Accepted: 08/16/2010] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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39
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Bahn M, Reichstein M, Davidson EA, Grünzweig J, Jung M, Carbone MS, Epron D, Misson L, Nouvellon Y, Roupsard O, Savage K, Trumbore SE, Gimeno C, Yuste JC, Tang J, Vargas R, Janssens IA. Soil respiration at mean annual temperature predicts annual total across vegetation types and biomes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 7:2147-2157. [PMID: 23293656 DOI: 10.5194/bg-7-2147-2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Soil respiration (SR) constitutes the largest flux of CO(2) from terrestrial ecosystems to the atmosphere. However, there still exist considerable uncertainties as to its actual magnitude, as well as its spatial and interannual variability. Based on a reanalysis and synthesis of 80 site-years for 57 forests, plantations, savannas, shrublands and grasslands from boreal to tropical climates we present evidence that total annual SR is closely related to SR at mean annual soil temperature (SR(MAT)), irrespective of the type of ecosystem and biome. This is theoretically expected for non water-limited ecosystems within most of the globally occurring range of annual temperature variability and sensitivity (Q(10)). We further show that for seasonally dry sites where annual precipitation (P) is lower than potential evapotranspiration (PET), annual SR can be predicted from wet season SR(MAT) corrected for a factor related to P/PET. Our finding indicates that it can be sufficient to measure SR(MAT) for obtaining a well constrained estimate of its annual total. This should substantially increase our capacity for assessing the spatial distribution of soil CO(2) emissions across ecosystems, landscapes and regions, and thereby contribute to improving the spatial resolution of a major component of the global carbon cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bahn
- Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Caleffi M, Caleffi M, Ribeiro R, Vargas R, Gomes A, Rutta R. Breast Cancer Early Detection Awareness and Its Predictors in a Brazilian Nationwide Sample. Cancer Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs-09-3079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: In contrast to developed countries, where breast cancer (BC) mortality has dropped in the past decade, BC associated deaths are still rising in Brazil. The absence of better structured screening programs and the lack of population awareness about the disease are among the factors for the high BC mortality in the country. Emphasizing the importance of mammography is a key factor in increasing the rate of early diagnosis and, therefore, the chances of cure. In this study, we aimed to quantify the population's recognition of mammography as an important exam, and evaluated factors associated with the awareness of its importance. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1,344 women between 40 and 65 years old in 17 state capitals in Brazil. Women answered the following question: “In your opinion, what are the means that a person has to discover that she has breast cancer?” If a woman cited mammography in her answer, she was considered as aware in our analyses. Women also responded a questionnaire that included socio-economic status, educational level, healthy lifestyle behaviors, insurance plan coverage, and family history of BC, in order to identify possible predictors of greater awareness. The relationship between predictors and awareness was evaluated through univariate and multivariate modified Poisson regression. Results: Mean age was 51 ± 7 years; 53.5% of women were between 40 and 49 years old. 30% of the sample was from the higher and 18% from the lower social class. 12% had a positive BC family history, 75% used to visit their gynecologist at least once a year, 35% have a private health insurance, and 21% were current smokers (former smokers = 23%). Only 48.5% cited mammography as a tool to discover breast cancer. In the univariate analysis, younger age, higher level of physical activity, no current or past smoking habit, private health insurance, family history of BC, regular attendance to a gynecologist, and higher income, educational level and social class were all associated with higher awareness (p<0.05 for all variables). In the multivariate model, which included all the former variables except for income and education (which had high collinearity with social class), the relative risks for greater awareness were the following: higher social class = 1.30 (1.05 – 1.61), BC family history = 1.11 (0.96 – 1.29), annual visit to gynecologist = 1.43 (1.18 – 1.75), no history of smoking = 1.17 (1.01 – 1.37), frequent physical activity = 1.10 (0.985 – 1.24), age < 50 = 1.19 (1.06 – 1.33), private insurance = 1.20 (1.06 – 1.36). Conclusions: In this sample, with nationwide distribution, the awareness about the importance of mammography was low. Higher socio-economic status and healthy lifestyles were associated with a higher awareness of the exam's importance. The greater mammography awareness observed in younger women might reflect a higher general interest in its own health in this group, as well as its regular contact with reproductive health services.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 3079.
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Vargas R, Shrivastava V, Leitzel K, Ali SM, Carney W, Hamer P, Brown-Shimer S, Linnartz R, Mietlowski B, Lipton A. Pretreatment serum TIMP-1 levels and survival in advanced pancreatic cancer. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e15568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e15568 Background: Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) has been shown to have diverse multifunctional roles in tumorigenesis such as inhibition of the catalytic activity of MMPs, growth promotion, inhibition of apoptosis and regulation of angiogenesis. Elevated TIMP-1 has been associated with an unfavorable prognosis in many cancers including breast, colorectal, gastric, head and neck, lung, and lymphoma. VEGF is also intimately associated with angiogenesis. Methods: This study determined serum TIMP-1 and VEGF levels in a phase III clinical trial of 157 patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. ELISAs for TIMP-1 and VEGF (Oncogene Science / Siemens HealthCare Diagnostics, Cambridge, MA) were employed to measure pretreatment serum TIMP-1 levels in 157 pancreatic cancer patients enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III trial. Statistical analysis was performed with TIMP-1 and VEGF on a continuous and cutpoint basis. Serum biomarker levels were then correlated with patient survival using Kaplan -Meier life table analysis. Results: Serum TIMP-1 levels in 157 pancreatic patients had a median of 409.9 ng/mL, and ranged from 144 to 1078 ng/mL. Patients with higher serum TIMP-1 had significantly shorter survival on a continuous basis (p = 0.001), on quartile analysis (p = 0.004), and on a dichotomous cutpoint analysis of upper 25 % vs lower 75 % (median survival 101 days vs. 197 days)(p< 0.001). Serum VEGF level was not associated with survival on a continuous (p = 0.57) or cutpoint analysis (p= 0.93). Conclusions: Pancreatic cancer patients with higher serum TIMP-1 levels had significantly shorter overall survival. Serum TIMP-1 level should be evaluated as a predictive factor for response to novel treatment regimens. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Vargas
- Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA; Penn Sate University/Lebanon VA Medical Center, Lebanon, PA; Oncogene Science/Siemens HealthCare Diagnostics, Cambridge, MA; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ
| | - V. Shrivastava
- Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA; Penn Sate University/Lebanon VA Medical Center, Lebanon, PA; Oncogene Science/Siemens HealthCare Diagnostics, Cambridge, MA; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ
| | - K. Leitzel
- Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA; Penn Sate University/Lebanon VA Medical Center, Lebanon, PA; Oncogene Science/Siemens HealthCare Diagnostics, Cambridge, MA; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ
| | - S. M. Ali
- Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA; Penn Sate University/Lebanon VA Medical Center, Lebanon, PA; Oncogene Science/Siemens HealthCare Diagnostics, Cambridge, MA; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ
| | - W. Carney
- Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA; Penn Sate University/Lebanon VA Medical Center, Lebanon, PA; Oncogene Science/Siemens HealthCare Diagnostics, Cambridge, MA; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ
| | - P. Hamer
- Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA; Penn Sate University/Lebanon VA Medical Center, Lebanon, PA; Oncogene Science/Siemens HealthCare Diagnostics, Cambridge, MA; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ
| | - S. Brown-Shimer
- Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA; Penn Sate University/Lebanon VA Medical Center, Lebanon, PA; Oncogene Science/Siemens HealthCare Diagnostics, Cambridge, MA; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ
| | - R. Linnartz
- Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA; Penn Sate University/Lebanon VA Medical Center, Lebanon, PA; Oncogene Science/Siemens HealthCare Diagnostics, Cambridge, MA; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ
| | - B. Mietlowski
- Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA; Penn Sate University/Lebanon VA Medical Center, Lebanon, PA; Oncogene Science/Siemens HealthCare Diagnostics, Cambridge, MA; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ
| | - A. Lipton
- Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA; Penn Sate University/Lebanon VA Medical Center, Lebanon, PA; Oncogene Science/Siemens HealthCare Diagnostics, Cambridge, MA; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ
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Oh WK, Leitzel K, Jacobus S, Vargas R, Regan MM, Hamer PJ, Carney WP, Ali SM, Kantoff PW, Lipton A. Elevated plasma TIMP-1 and survival in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.11077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Vargas R, Cifuentes F, Morales MA. Differential contribution of extracellular and intracellular calcium sources to basal transmission and long-term potentiation in the sympathetic ganglion of the rat. Dev Neurobiol 2007; 67:589-602. [PMID: 17443810 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.20364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Calcium involved in basal ganglionic transmission and long-term potentiation (LTP) can arise either by influx from the extracellular medium or release from intracellular stores. No attempts have yet been made to concurrently explore the contributions of extracellular and intracellular Ca2+ to basal ganglionic transmission or LTP. Here, we investigate this subject using the superior cervical ganglion of the rat. To explore the extracellular Ca2+ contribution, we evaluated basal transmission and LTP at different extracellular Ca2+ concentrations. To assess intracellular Ca2+ release, we explored the contribution of the calcium-induced calcium release process by overactivation or blockade of ryanodine-sensitive Ca2+ receptor channel with caffeine, and also by blocking either IP3R with Xestospongin C or the sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase pump with thapsigargin. Extracellular Ca2+ affected ganglionic basal transmission and LTP to different extents. While 25% of the physiological Ca2+ concentration supported 80% of basal transmission, 50% of normal Ca2+ was required to achieve 80% of LTP. Notably, disruption of intracellular Ca2+ release by all the drugs tested apparently did not affect basal ganglionic transmission but impaired LTP. We conclude that basal transmission requires only a small level of Ca2+ entry, while LTP expression not only requires more Ca2+ entry but is also dependent on Ca2+ release from intracellular stores.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Vargas
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, DF, Mexico
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Krishna G, Noveck R, Vargas R, Grasela D, Wang Z. Nasogastric Administration of Garenoxacin as Crushed Tablets With and Without Concomitant Enteral Feeding in Healthy Subjects. Drugs R D 2007; 8:43-50. [PMID: 17249848 DOI: 10.2165/00126839-200708010-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Cation-containing drugs have the potential to affect the absorption of quinolones. The current study was conducted to assess whether the bioavailability of garenoxacin was affected by administration as crushed tablets with and without concomitant enteral nutrition. METHODS This was a randomised, open-label, three-period, single-dose, crossover study carried out in healthy male volunteers who received study treatments at a clinical facility. The study included 18 subjects (mean age 30 +/- 6 years) who were treatment-naive to garenoxacin and had a body mass index of > or =18 kg/m(2) and < or =30 kg/m(2). Subjects received garenoxacin 600 mg orally in three treatments: (A) intact tablets; (B) crushed tablets suspended in water delivered via a nasogastric (NG) tube; and (C) treatment B plus concomitant enteral feeding (Osmolite; 600 mL at 100 mL/h). Serial plasma samples were collected post-dose for pharmacokinetic analysis. Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined by noncompartmental methods. Geometric mean ratio with 90% CI for area under the concentration-time curve from time 0 extrapolated to infinity (AUC(infinity)) and maximum observed plasma concentration (C(max)) were used to assess potential effects of the different conditions of administration. Absence of an effect was concluded if the 90% CIs for the ratio of geometric means for C(max) and AUC(infinity) were within 0.7-1.43 and 0.8-1.25, respectively. The pharmacokinetics (AUC(infinity)and C(max)) and safety of garenoxacin were assessed. RESULTS Geometric means for C(max) were 8.3, 8.5 and 8.3 microg/mL and for AUC(infinity) were 103.3, 97.2 and 93.4 microg.h/mL for treatments A, B and C, respectively. The 90% CIs for geometric mean ratios for AUC(infinity) and C(max) of garenoxacin administered as crushed tablets and crushed tablets with Osmolite via NG tube relative to intact tablets administered orally were within 0.80-1.25, suggesting that the bioavailability of garenoxacin was not affected by delivery of crushed tablets via NG tube, regardless of concomitant enteral feeding, compared with oral delivery of intact tablets. Half-life (mean range 12-13 hours) was similar for all three groups. CONCLUSIONS The relative bioavailability of garenoxacin was not affected by administration as crushed tablets, regardless of enteral feeding. Garenoxacin can be administered as crushed tablets in the presence or absence of concomitant Osmolite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopal Krishna
- Department of Pharmacokinetic and Early Clinical Research & Experimental Medicine, Schering-Plough Research Institute, Kenilworth, New Jersey, USA.
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Marier JF, Lee J, Kambhampati SRP, Galitz L, Vargas R, Moberly J, Salazar DE. Effect of repeated oral administrations of the oral adsorbent AST-120 on serum creatinine and other markers of renal function. A randomized controlled study in patients with chronic kidney disease. Am J Nephrol 2006; 26:136-41. [PMID: 16549905 DOI: 10.1159/000092242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2006] [Accepted: 02/21/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AST-120 is an orally administered adsorbent used in Japan for prolonging time to initiation of hemodialysis and improving uremic symptoms in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). As AST-120 is suspected to reduce the progression of CKD by adsorbing renal toxins in the gastrointestinal tract, the objective of the current study was to determine whether binding of AST-120 to creatinine in the intestines could acutely alter creatinine balance, thereby limiting the utility of serum creatinine (sCr) as a measure of progression of renal function. Such information may be critical for the design of future studies to assess the efficacy of AST-120 in CKD patients. METHODS Patients with CKD (n = 20) received oral doses of AST-120(3 g t.i.d.) and placebo in a two-way crossover study. Blood and urine were collected for determination of sCr, 24-hour urinary creatinine (UcrV), creatinine clearance (Ccr), and urea nitrogen clearance (URCL). Differences between treatments were assessed using an ANCOVA model. RESULTS Following AST-120 and placebo treatments, mean sCr (1.73 and 1.79 mg/dl, respectively) and UcrV (1,264.73 and 1,286.05 mg) values were not significantly different. No significant differences were observed for Ccr and URCL. CONCLUSION These results indicate that AST-120 has no acute impact on creatinine balance in patients with CKD. Consequently, sCr and other markers of renal function are acceptable measures for assessing changes in renal function following AST-120 treatment.
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Vargas R, Torné N, Travé P, March M, Rodríguez G, Calero S. Revisión de las interferencias entre los medicamentos más prescritos en el servicio de atención primaria de L’Hospitalet de Llobregat (ICS) y los análisis clínicos. Aten Primaria 2006; 37:133-41. [PMID: 16527133 PMCID: PMC7668732 DOI: 10.1157/13085340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyse the concordance of published information on probable drug interactions and the results of clinical analyses. DESIGN Bibliographical review of the 50 most commonly prescribed drug products at the Primary Health Centre of L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain, in 2002 and 2003. DATA SOURCE Six bibliographical sources consisting of drug product catalogues and reference books. MEASUREMENTS Interference with the 56 drug products studied. RESULTS Most theoretical interference belonged to the therapeutic group of anti-inflammatory drugs. The drug products with most interference were hydrochlorothiazide (diuretic) and gliclazide (lipid lowering). The most frequent interference was in the increase of transaminases, thrombocytopaenia, leukopaenia, hyperglycaemia, and hyperuricaemia. Only in 12% of the points of interference analysed was the rate of concordance among the various bibliographical sources reviewed higher than 50%. The highest rate of concordance was found in the diuretics. CONCLUSIONS Consultation of a single bibliographical source does not necessarily ensure the obtaining of reliable data on possible drug interference. This study demonstrates the need to standardize information on drug interference and to include the medication that the patient follows on the analysis application form.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Vargas
- Regulatory Affairs Officer. Alcón-Cusí. El Masnou. Barcelona. España
| | - N. Torné
- Licenciada en Farmacia. Universidad de Barcelona. Barcelona España
| | - P. Travé
- Sección de Bioquímica del Laboratorio Clínico L’Hospitalet. ICS. Universidad de Barcelona. Barcelona España
- Correspondencia: P. Travé. Laboratorio Clínico L’Hospitalet de Llobregat. CAP Just Oliveras. ICS. Rambla Just Oliveras. 08901 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat. Barcelona. España.
| | - M. March
- Facultad de Farmacia. Universidad de Barcelona. Barcelona. España
| | - G. Rodríguez
- Unidad de Farmacia. SAP L’Hospitalet. Barcelona España
| | - S. Calero
- Unidad Asistencial. SAP L’Hospitalet. Barcelona. España
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Enocson AG, Berg HE, Vargas R, Jenner G, Tesch PA. Signal intensity of MR-images of thigh muscles following acute open- and closed chain kinetic knee extensor exercise – index of muscle use. Eur J Appl Physiol 2005; 94:357-63. [PMID: 15918061 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-005-1339-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/09/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Exercise-induced shifts in signal intensity (SI) of magnetic resonance (MR) images were examined to assess indirectly muscle use in closed- and open-chain knee extensor exercises. Eight men performed five sets of 8-12 repetitions in the leg press (LP) and the seated knee extension (KE) exercises at 50, 75 and 100%, respectively of the 5 x 10 repetition maximum (RM) load. Prior to exercise and after each load setting, images of the thigh were obtained. The increase in SI (Delta SI) of the quadriceps at 100% load was greater (P < 0.05) after KE (32.1 +/- 9.0%) than after LP (21.9 +/- 9.2%). Regardless of load, the four individual muscles of the quadriceps showed similar changes in SI after LP. The three vastii muscles showed comparable increases in SI after KE. M. rectus femoris showed greater (P < 0.05) Delta SI than the vastii muscles at 100%. Neither exercise produced increase in SI of mm. semimembranosus, semitendinosus, gracilis or biceps femoris. Mm. adductor magnus and longus showed increased (13.3 +/- 6.5%; P < 0.05) SI after LP, but not after KE, at 100% load. The present data also infer greater involvement of the quadriceps muscle in the open-chain knee extension than in the closed-chain leg press exercise. The results of the current investigation also indicate similar over-all use among the three vastii muscles in LP and KE, but differential m. rectus femoris use between the two exercises. This report extends the merits of the MR imaging technique as an aid to study individual muscle involvement in a particular exercise task.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Enocson
- Section for Muscle and Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Reyes JF, Vargas R, Kumar D, Cullen EI, Perdomo CA, Pratt RD. Steady-state pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and tolerability of donepezil hydrochloride in hepatically impaired patients. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2005; 58 Suppl 1:9-17. [PMID: 15496218 PMCID: PMC1884555 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2004.01802.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), tolerability and safety of donepezil HCl 5 mg following oral doses for 1 and 24 days in hepatically impaired patients compared with healthy controls under steady-state, multiple-dose conditions. METHODS In this single-centre, multiple-dose, open-label study, patients with impaired hepatic function (Child-Pugh grade A or B) and healthy controls (matched by gender, age and weight to the hepatically impaired patients) received a single 5 mg dose of donepezil on day 1 and then donepezil HCl 5 mg once daily from days 6 to 29. PK and PD (determination of erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase inhibition) parameters were evaluated on days 1 and 29. Treatment-emergent adverse events (AEs), vital signs, physical examination and clinical laboratory test parameters were monitored throughout the study. RESULTS A total of 35 subjects (18 patients with hepatic impairment and 17 healthy controls) were enrolled and 32 subjects (16 in each group) completed the study. On day 1 (following a single dose) hepatically impaired patients showed a significant decrease in T(max), while t((1/2)) and AUC(0-infinity) were significantly increased compared with the healthy controls. On day 29 (following multiple doses), AUC(0-24 h), C(max), t((1/2)), C(SS), and R(A) were significantly increased in hepatically impaired patients compared with healthy controls. AUC(0-24 h) increased by 47.6% in the patients with hepatic impairment compared with the healthy controls. There were no significant differences in PD between the groups, although at steady state, the mean AChE inhibition was 16.2% higher in the hepatically impaired patients. No serious AEs were reported and no subject withdrew from the study due to AEs. The most common AEs in both groups were headache and diarrhoea. No clinically significant changes from baseline were observed in vital signs, physical examination findings or electrocardiograms. There was a significant difference in the number of hepatically impaired subjects with abnormalities in serum glucose compared with healthy subjects. However, these elevations were not associated with AEs. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that patients with AD and mild to moderate hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh grade A or B) can be safely given donepezil 5 mg once daily and that this dose is associated with a nonsignificantly higher AChE inhibition than age-matched volunteers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine F Reyes
- Clinical Pharmacology, Eisai Medical Research Inc., Rigefield Park, NJ 07660, USA.
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Lasseter KC, Dilzer SC, Vargas R, Waldman S, Noveck RJ. Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Ebastine in Patients with Impaired Hepatic Function Compared with Healthy Volunteers. Clin Pharmacokinet 2004; 43:121-9. [PMID: 14748620 DOI: 10.2165/00003088-200443020-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the differences between patients with hepatic insufficiency and healthy subjects with regard to the pharmacokinetics, cardiac safety and overall safety of ebastine and its active metabolite carebastine. DESIGN Open-label parallel-group study. PARTICIPANTS 24 patients with varying degrees of hepatic insufficiency, as categorised by the Child-Pugh classification, and 12 healthy volunteers. METHODS Healthy subjects and patients with Child-Pugh class A (n = 8) or B (n = 8) received ebastine 20 mg once daily for 7 days. Patients with Child-Pugh class C (n = 8) [single or repeated dose] received ebastine 10 mg. Plasma concentrations of ebastine and carebastine were determined for 23.5 hours following the initial dose on day 1 and for 96 hours following the dose on day 7 by using a sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay with a minimum quantifiable limit of 0.05 microg/L for ebastine and 1.00 microg/L for carebastine. Hepatic function was assessed by blood clearance of indocyanine green 0.5 mg/kg administered intravenously on day 2. Cardiac and overall safety parameters were monitored. RESULTS Overall, the pharmacokinetics of ebastine were not modified by hepatic impairment. No correlation between ebastine pharmacokinetics and hepatic function, as expressed by indocyanine green clearance, was observed. Comparison of the effective half-life of ebastine and carebastine between groups did not show relevant differences. Therefore, no apparent accumulation of ebastine occurred, and steady-state concentrations of ebastine and carebastine were predictable from single-dose pharmacokinetics both in healthy subjects and in hepatically impaired patients. Finally, no apparent difference was noted in the safety of ebastine between patients with hepatic insufficiency and healthy subjects as assessed by evaluation of adverse events, vital signs and laboratory parameters. CONCLUSION Ebastine can be safely administered to patients with impaired hepatic function, as no clinically important differences can be anticipated from the pharmacokinetics and safety profile of ebastine/carebastine as compared with healthy subjects. Nevertheless, the dosage used in severely impaired patients (10mg daily) was half that used in patients with mild to moderate impairment, and any comedication did not include drugs affecting liver function; in clinical practice, both these factors should be taken into account.
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