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Wright BA, De Andrade LM, Dumitrescu AV, Larson SA, Weiner RL, Kemp PS. A new vision: Integration of ophthalmology services into an interdisciplinary pediatric cystic fibrosis clinic model. Pediatr Pulmonol 2024; 59:1502-1504. [PMID: 38353399 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.26912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/30/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Scott A Larson
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | | | - Pavlina S Kemp
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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Kienenberger ZE, Farber TO, Teresi ME, Milavetz F, Singh SB, Larson Ode K, Thoma T, Weiner RL, Burlage KR, Fischer AJ. Patient and Caregiver Perceptions of Airway Clearance Methods Used for Cystic Fibrosis. Can Respir J 2023; 2023:1422319. [PMID: 37547298 PMCID: PMC10403321 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1422319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cystic Fibrosis Foundation guidelines recommend people with CF perform daily airway clearance. This can be difficult for patients, as some find it time consuming or uncomfortable. Data comparing airway clearance methods are limited. We surveyed patients and their families to understand which methods are preferred and identify obstacles to performing airway clearance. Methods We designed a REDCap survey and enrolled participants in 2021. Respondents reported information on airway clearance usage, time commitment, and medication use. They rated airway clearance methods for effectiveness, comfort, time commitment, importance, and compatibility with other treatments. The analysis included descriptive statistics and clustering. Results 60 respondents started and 52 completed the survey. The median patient age was 20 years. Respondents experienced a median of four airway clearance methods in their lifetime, including chest wall oscillation (vest, 92%), manual chest physical therapy (CPT, 88%), forced expiration technique (huff or cough, 77%), and exercise (75%). Past 30-day use was highest for exercise (62%) and vest (57%). The time commitment was generally less than 2 hours daily. Of those eligible for CFTR modulators, 53% reported decreased time commitment to airway clearance after starting treatment. On a scale of 0-100, respondents rated CFTR modulators as their most important treatment (median 99.5), followed by exercise (88). Discussion. Patients and caregivers are familiar with several methods of airway clearance for CF. They report distinct strengths and limitations of each method. Exercise and vest are the most common methods of airway clearance. The use of CFTR modulators may reduce patient-reported time commitment to airway clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe E. Kienenberger
- Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kathryn R. Burlage
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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Weiner RL, Dumitrescu L, Blennow K, Zetterberg H, Gifford KA, Pechman KR, Jefferson AL, Hohman TJ. Deconvolving Cerebrospinal Fluid Soluble TREM2 Signal and Longitudinal Associations with Cognition. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.066836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Weiner
- Vanderbilt Memory & Alzheimer's Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA
| | - Logan Dumitrescu
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer’s Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital Mölndal Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg Mölndal Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital Mölndal Sweden
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and UK Dementia Research Institute, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square London United Kingdom
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital Mölndal Sweden Sweden
- UCL Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom
| | - Katherine A. Gifford
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer’s Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA
| | - Kimberly R. Pechman
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA
- Vanderbilt Memory & Alzheimer’s Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA
| | - Angela L. Jefferson
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA
- Vanderbilt Memory & Alzheimer’s Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA
| | - Timothy J. Hohman
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA
- Vanderbilt Memory & Alzheimer’s Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA
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Seto M, Weiner RL, Dumitrescu L, Mahoney ER, Hansen SL, Janve V, Khan OA, Liu D, Wang Y, Menon V, De Jager PL, Schneider JA, Bennett DA, Gifford KA, Jefferson AL, Hohman TJ. RNASE6 is a novel modifier of APOE-ε4 effects on cognition. Neurobiol Aging 2022; 118:66-76. [PMID: 35896049 PMCID: PMC9721357 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2022.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein E4 (APOE-ε4), the strongest common genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), contributes to worse cognition in older adults. However, many APOE-ε4 carriers remain cognitively normal throughout life, suggesting that neuroprotective factors may be present in these individuals. In this study, we leverage whole-blood RNA sequencing (RNAseq) from 324 older adults to identify genetic modifiers of APOE-ε4 effects on cognition. Expression of RNASE6 interacted with APOE-ε4 status (p = 4.35 × 10-8) whereby higher RNASE6 expression was associated with worse memory at baseline among APOE-ε4 carriers. This interaction was replicated using RNAseq data from the prefrontal cortex in an independent dataset (N = 535; p = 0.002), suggesting the peripheral effect of RNASE6 is also present in brain tissue. RNASE6 encodes an antimicrobial peptide involved in innate immune response and has been previously observed in a gene co-expression network module with other AD-related inflammatory genes, including TREM2 and MS4A. Together, these data implicate neuroinflammation in cognitive decline, and suggest that innate immune signaling may be detectable in blood and confer differential susceptibility to AD depending on APOE-ε4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mabel Seto
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer's Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Rebecca L Weiner
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer's Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Logan Dumitrescu
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer's Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Emily R Mahoney
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer's Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Shania L Hansen
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer's Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Vaibhav Janve
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer's Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Omair A Khan
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer's Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Dandan Liu
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer's Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yanling Wang
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vilas Menon
- Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Philip L De Jager
- Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Cell Circuits Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Julie A Schneider
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - David A Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Katherine A Gifford
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer's Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Angela L Jefferson
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer's Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Timothy J Hohman
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer's Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
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Bucher BM, Wright BA, Weiner RL. Elevation of sweat chloride levels in a patient with CFTR-related metabolic syndrome receiving dexmethylphenidate and guanfacine. Pediatr Pulmonol 2022; 57:2264-2266. [PMID: 35570399 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.25975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bridget M Bucher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Brittany A Wright
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Rebecca L Weiner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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Seto M, Weiner RL, Dumitrescu L, Hohman TJ. Protective genes and pathways in Alzheimer's disease: moving towards precision interventions. Mol Neurodegener 2021; 16:29. [PMID: 33926499 PMCID: PMC8086309 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-021-00452-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive, neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by neurodegeneration, cognitive impairment, and an eventual inability to perform daily tasks. The etiology of Alzheimer's is complex, with numerous environmental and genetic factors contributing to the disease. Late-onset AD is highly heritable (60 to 80%), and over 40 risk loci for AD have been identified via large genome-wide association studies, most of which are common variants with small effect sizes. Although these discoveries have provided novel insight on biological contributors to AD, disease-modifying treatments remain elusive. Recently, the concepts of resistance to pathology and resilience against the downstream consequences of pathology have been of particular interest in the Alzheimer's field as studies continue to identify individuals who evade the pathology of the disease even into late life and individuals who have all of the neuropathological features of AD but evade downstream neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment. It has been hypothesized that a shift in focus from Alzheimer's risk to resilience presents an opportunity to uncover novel biological mechanisms of AD and to identify promising therapeutic targets for the disease. This review will highlight a selection of genes and variants that have been reported to confer protection from AD within the literature and will also discuss evidence for the biological underpinnings behind their protective effect with a focus on genes involved in lipid metabolism, cellular trafficking, endosomal and lysosomal function, synaptic function, and inflammation. Finally, we offer some recommendations in areas where the field can rapidly advance towards precision interventions that leverage the ideas of protection and resilience for the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mabel Seto
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer’s Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1207 17th Ave S, Nashville, TN 37212 USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN USA
| | - Rebecca L. Weiner
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer’s Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1207 17th Ave S, Nashville, TN 37212 USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN USA
| | - Logan Dumitrescu
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer’s Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1207 17th Ave S, Nashville, TN 37212 USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN USA
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN USA
| | - Timothy J. Hohman
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer’s Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1207 17th Ave S, Nashville, TN 37212 USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN USA
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN USA
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Hao S, Roesch EA, Perez A, Weiner RL, Henderson LC, Cummings L, Consiglio P, Pajka J, Eisenberg A, Yeh L, Cotton CU, Drumm ML. Inactivation of CFTR by CRISPR/Cas9 alters transcriptional regulation of inflammatory pathways and other networks. J Cyst Fibros 2019; 19:34-39. [PMID: 31126900 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) experience elevated inflammation in multiple organs, but whether this reflects an inherent feature of CF cells or is a consequence of a pro-inflammatory environment is not clear. METHOD Using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutagenesis of CFTR, 17 subclonal cell lines were generated from Caco-2 cells. Clonal lines with functional CFTR (CFTR+) were compared to those without (CFTR-) to directly address the role of CFTR in inflammatory gene regulation. RESULTS All lines maintained CFTR mRNA production and formation of tight junctions. CFTR+ lines displayed short circuit currents in response to forskolin, while the CFTR- lines did not. Baseline expression of cytokines IL6 and CXCL8 (IL8) was not different between the lines regardless of CFTR genotype. All lines responded to TNFα and IL1β by increasing IL6 and CXCL8 mRNA levels, but the CFTR- lines produced more CXCL8 mRNA than the CFTR+ lines. Transcriptomes of 6 CFTR- and 6 CFTR+ lines, before and after stimulation by TNFα, were compared for differential expression as a function of CFTR genotype. While some genes appeared to be differentially expressed simply because of CFTR's absence, others required stimulation for differences to be apparent. CONCLUSION Together, these data suggest cells respond to CFTR's absence by modulating transcriptional networks, some of which are only apparent when cells are exposed to different environmental contexts, such as inflammation. With regards to inflammation, these data suggest a model in which CFTR's absence leads to a poised, pro-inflammatory state of cells that is only revealed by stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyu Hao
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America
| | - Erica A Roesch
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America
| | - Aura Perez
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America
| | - Rebecca L Weiner
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America
| | - Leigh C Henderson
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America
| | - Linda Cummings
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America
| | - Paul Consiglio
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America
| | - Joseph Pajka
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America
| | - Amy Eisenberg
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America
| | - Lauren Yeh
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America
| | - Calvin U Cotton
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America; Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America
| | - Mitchell L Drumm
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America; Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America.
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Duncan DS, Weiner RL, Weitlauf C, Risner ML, Roux AL, Sanford ER, Formichella CR, Sappington RM. Ccl5 Mediates Proper Wiring of Feedforward and Lateral Inhibition Pathways in the Inner Retina. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:702. [PMID: 30369865 PMCID: PMC6194164 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The β-chemokine Ccl5 and its receptors are constitutively expressed in neurons of the murine inner retina. Here, we examined the functional and structural significance of this constitutive Ccl5 signaling on retinal development. We compared outcomes of electrophysiology, ocular imaging and retinal morphology in wild-type mice (WT) and mice with Ccl5 deficiency (Ccl5-/-). Assessment of retinal structure by ocular coherence tomography and histology revealed slight thinning of the inner plexiform layer (IPL) and inner nuclear layer (INL) in Ccl5-/- mice, compared to WT (p < 0.01). Assessment of postnatal timepoints important for development of the INL (P7 and P10) revealed Ccl5-dependent alterations in the pattern and timing of apoptotic pruning. Morphological analyses of major inner retinal cell types in WT, Ccl5-/-, gustducingfp and gustducingfp/Ccl5-/- mice revealed Ccl5-dependent reduction in GNAT3 expression in rod bipolar cells as well as a displacement of their terminals from the IPL into the GCL. RGC dendritic organization and amacrine cell morphology in the IPL was similarly disorganized in Ccl5-/- mice. Examination of the intrinsic electrophysiological properties of RGCs revealed higher spontaneous activity in Ccl5-/- mice that was characterized by higher spiking frequency and a more depolarized resting potential. This hyperactive phenotype could be negated by current clamp and correlated with both membrane resistance and soma area. Overall, our findings identify Ccl5 signaling as a mediator of inner retinal circuitry during development of the murine retina. The apparent role of Ccl5 in retinal development further supports chemokines as trophic modulators of CNS development and function that extends far beyond the inflammatory contexts in which they were first characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- D'Anne S Duncan
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Rebecca L Weiner
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Carl Weitlauf
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Michael L Risner
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Abigail L Roux
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Emily R Sanford
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Cathryn R Formichella
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Rebecca M Sappington
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States.,Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
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Billet B, Hanssens K, De Coster O, Nagels W, Weiner RL, Wynendaele R, Vanquathem N. Wireless high-frequency dorsal root ganglion stimulation for chronic low back pain: A pilot study. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2018; 62:1133-1138. [PMID: 29671870 DOI: 10.1111/aas.13138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evaluation of the efficacy of a wireless high-frequency stimulator placed over selected DRG of exiting nerve roots for the treatment of chronic low back pain. DESIGN Feasibility. SUBJECTS Six subjects with chronic, intractable back pain refractory to standard medical treatment. METHODS Four stimulators (Freedom-4A) provided by Stimwave Technologies, were implanted over the DRG exiting nerve roots, bilaterally at both the T9 and L2 vertebral levels. Subjects were asked to evaluate stimulation independently with the devices turned on at T9 and subsequently L2 for each of 2 weeks. Subjects were then monitored for 8 weeks with the preferred stimulator. Pain reduction with the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), functionality with the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC) and medication usage were evaluated. RESULTS Four subjects preferred T9 stimulation with only one subject preferring stimulation at L2. One subject dropped out of the study before conclusion of the 4-week evaluation and is not included in this report. Average pain levels (n = 5) at 12-week post-implantation decreased with 61% for back pain and 56% for leg pain with a significant reduction in pain medication, including a 100% reduction in opioid pain medications. The average reduction in disability was 12%. Subjects reported an average impression of change of 6 (1 = no change, 7 = great deal better). CONCLUSIONS Wireless high-frequency stimulation of the DRG is a viable option to treat chronic low back pain. Preliminary results show a subject preference for stimulation at the T9 vertebral level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - R L Weiner
- Presbyterian Hospital, Dallas, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | - N Vanquathem
- Stimwave Technologies, Inc., Pompano Beach, FL, USA
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Movsas TZ, Weiner RL, Greenberg MB, Holtzman DM, Galindo R. Pretreatment with Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Protects the Neonatal Brain against the Effects of Hypoxic-Ischemic Injury. Front Pediatr 2017; 5:232. [PMID: 29164084 PMCID: PMC5675846 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2017.00232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Though the human fetus is exposed to placentally derived human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) throughout gestation, the role of hCG on the fetal brain is unknown. Review of the available literature appears to indicate that groups of women with higher mean levels of hCG during pregnancy tend to have offspring with lower cerebral palsy (CP) risk. Given that newborn cerebral injury often precedes the development of CP, we aimed to determine whether hCG may protect against the neurodegenerative effects of neonatal brain injury. METHODS We utilized the Rice-Vannucci model of neonatal cerebral hypoxia-ischemia (HI) in postnatal day 7 mice to examine whether intraperitoneal administration of hCG 15-18 h prior, 1 h after or immediately following HI decrease brain tissue loss 7 days after injury. We next studied whether hCG has pro-survival and trophic properties in neurons by exposing immature cortical and hippocampal neurons to hCG in vitro and examining neurite sprouting and neuronal survival prior and after glutamate receptor-mediated excitotoxic injury. RESULTS We found that intraperitoneal injection of hCG 15 h prior to HI, but not at or 1 h after HI induction, resulted in a significant decrease in hippocampal and striatal tissue loss 7 days following brain injury. Furthermore, hCG reduced N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA)-mediated neuronal excitotoxicity in vitro when neurons were continuously exposed to this hormone for 10 days or when given at the time and following neuronal injury. In addition, continuous in vitro administration of hCG for 6-9 days increased neurite sprouting and basal neuronal survival as assessed by at least a 1-fold increase in MAP2 immunoreactivity and a 2.5-fold increase in NeuN + immunoreactivity. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that hCG can decrease HI-associated immature neural degeneration. The mechanism of action for this neuroprotective effect may partly involve inhibition of NMDA-dependent excitotoxic injury. This study supports the hypothesis that hCG during pregnancy has the potential for protecting the developing brain against HI, an important CP risk factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammy Z. Movsas
- Zietchick Research Institute, Plymouth, MI, United States
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Rebecca L. Weiner
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - M. Banks Greenberg
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - David M. Holtzman
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Rafael Galindo
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
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Long MF, Engers JL, Chang S, Zhan X, Weiner RL, Luscombe VB, Rodriguez AL, Cho HP, Niswender CM, Bridges TM, Conn PJ, Engers DW, Lindsley CW. Discovery of a novel 2,4-dimethylquinoline-6-carboxamide M 4 positive allosteric modulator (PAM) chemotype via scaffold hopping. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:4999-5001. [PMID: 29037946 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
This Letter details our efforts to replace the 3-amino moiety, an essential pharmacophore for M4 PAM activity in most M4 PAMs to date, within the thieno[2,3-b]pyridine core, as the β-amino carboxamide motif has been shown to engender poor solubility, varying degrees of P-gp efflux and represents a structural alert. A scaffold hopping exercise identified a novel 2,4-dimethylquinoline carboxamide core that provided M4 PAM activity and good CNS penetration without an amino moiety. In addition, MacMillan photoredox catalysis chemistry was essential for construction of the 2,4-dimethylquinoline core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline F Long
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Julie L Engers
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Sichen Chang
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Zhan
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Rebecca L Weiner
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Vincent B Luscombe
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Alice L Rodriguez
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Hyekyung P Cho
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Colleen M Niswender
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Thomas M Bridges
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - P Jeffrey Conn
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Darren W Engers
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - Craig W Lindsley
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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12
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Bewley BR, Spearing PK, Weiner RL, Luscombe VB, Zhan X, Chang S, Cho HP, Rodriguez AL, Niswender CM, Conn PJ, Bridges TM, Engers DW, Lindsley CW. Discovery of a novel, CNS penetrant M 4 PAM chemotype based on a 6-fluoro-4-(piperidin-1-yl)quinoline-3-carbonitrile core. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:4274-4279. [PMID: 28866269 PMCID: PMC5688877 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.08.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
This Letter details the discovery and subsequent optimization of a novel M4 PAM scaffold based on an 6-fluoro-4-(piperidin-1-yl)quinoline-3-carbonitrile core, which represents a distinct departure from the classical M4 PAM chemotypes. Optimized compounds in this series demonstrated improved M4 PAM potency on both human and rat M4 (4 to 5-fold relative to HTS hit), and displayed attractive physicochemical and DMPK profiles, including good CNS penetration (rat brain:plasma Kp=5.3, Kp,uu=2.4; MDCK-MDR1 (P-gp) ER=1.1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake R Bewley
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Paul K Spearing
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Rebecca L Weiner
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Vincent B Luscombe
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Zhan
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Sichen Chang
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Hyekyung P Cho
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Alice L Rodriguez
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Colleen M Niswender
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - P Jeffrey Conn
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Thomas M Bridges
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Darren W Engers
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - Craig W Lindsley
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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13
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Bollinger KA, Felts AS, Brassard CJ, Engers JL, Rodriguez AL, Weiner RL, Cho HP, Chang S, Bubser M, Jones CK, Blobaum AL, Niswender CM, Conn PJ, Emmitte KA, Lindsley CW. Design and Synthesis of mGlu 2 NAMs with Improved Potency and CNS Penetration Based on a Truncated Picolinamide Core. ACS Med Chem Lett 2017; 8:919-924. [PMID: 28947937 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.7b00279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we detail the optimization of the mGlu2 negative allosteric modulator (NAM), VU6001192, by a reductionist approach to afford a novel, simplified mGlu2 NAM scaffold. This new chemotype not only affords potent and selective mGlu2 inhibition, as exemplified by VU6001966 (mGlu2 IC50 = 78 nM, mGlu3 IC50 > 30 μM), but also excellent central nervous system (CNS) penetration (Kp = 1.9, Kp,uu = 0.78), a feature devoid in all previously disclosed mGlu2 NAMs (Kps ≈ 0.3, Kp,uus ≈ 0.1). Moreover, this series, based on overall properties, represents an exciting lead series for potential mGlu2 PET tracer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina A. Bollinger
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Andrew S. Felts
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Christopher J. Brassard
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Julie L. Engers
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Alice L. Rodriguez
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Rebecca L. Weiner
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Hyekyung P. Cho
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Sichen Chang
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Michael Bubser
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Carrie K. Jones
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Anna L. Blobaum
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Colleen M. Niswender
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - P. Jeffrey Conn
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Kyle A. Emmitte
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Craig W. Lindsley
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
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14
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Engers JL, Bollinger KA, Weiner RL, Rodriguez AL, Long MF, Breiner MM, Chang S, Bollinger SR, Bubser M, Jones CK, Morrison RD, Bridges TM, Blobaum AL, Niswender CM, Conn PJ, Emmitte KA, Lindsley CW. Design and Synthesis of N-Aryl Phenoxyethoxy Pyridinones as Highly Selective and CNS Penetrant mGlu 3 NAMs. ACS Med Chem Lett 2017; 8:925-930. [PMID: 28947938 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.7b00249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we detail the optimization of the mGlu3 NAM, VU0650786, via a reductionist approach to afford a novel, simplified mGlu3 NAM scaffold that engenders potent and selective mGlu3 inhibition (mGlu3 IC50 = 245 nM, mGlu2 IC50 > 30 μM) with excellent central nervous system penetration (rat brain/plasma Kp = 1.2, Kp,uu = 0.40). Moreover, this new chemotype, exemplified by VU6010572, requires only four synthetic steps and displays improved physiochemical properties and in vivo efficacy in a mouse tail suspension test (MED = 3 mg/kg i.p.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie L. Engers
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Katrina A. Bollinger
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Rebecca L. Weiner
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Alice L. Rodriguez
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Madeline F. Long
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Megan M. Breiner
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Sichen Chang
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Sean R. Bollinger
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Michael Bubser
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Carrie K. Jones
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Ryan D. Morrison
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Thomas M. Bridges
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Anna L. Blobaum
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Colleen M. Niswender
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - P. Jeffrey Conn
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Kyle A. Emmitte
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Craig W. Lindsley
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
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15
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Bender AM, Weiner RL, Luscombe VB, Ajmera S, Cho HP, Chang S, Zhan X, Rodriguez AL, Niswender CM, Engers DW, Bridges TM, Conn PJ, Lindsley CW. Discovery and optimization of 3-(4-aryl/heteroarylsulfonyl)piperazin-1-yl)-6-(piperidin-1-yl)pyridazines as novel, CNS penetrant pan-muscarinic antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:3576-3581. [PMID: 28633897 PMCID: PMC6659418 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
This letter describes the synthesis and structure activity relationship (SAR) studies of structurally novel M4 antagonists, based on a 3-(4-aryl/heteroarylsulfonyl)piperazin-1-yl)-6-(piperidin-1-yl)pyridazine core, identified from a high-throughput screening campaign. A multi-dimensional optimization effort enhanced potency at human M4 (hM4 IC50s<200nM), with only moderate species differences noted, and with enantioselective inhibition. Moreover, CNS penetration proved attractive for this series (rat brain:plasma Kp=2.1, Kp,uu=1.1). Despite the absence of the prototypical mAChR antagonist basic or quaternary amine moiety, this series displayed pan-muscarinic antagonist activity across M1-5 (with 9- to 16-fold functional selectivity at best). This series further expands the chemical diversity of mAChR antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron M Bender
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Rebecca L Weiner
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Vincent B Luscombe
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Sonia Ajmera
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Hyekyung P Cho
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Sichen Chang
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Zhan
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Alice L Rodriguez
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Colleen M Niswender
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Darren W Engers
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Thomas M Bridges
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - P Jeffrey Conn
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Craig W Lindsley
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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16
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Tarr JC, Wood MR, Noetzel MJ, Bertron JL, Weiner RL, Rodriguez AL, Lamsal A, Byers FW, Chang S, Cho HP, Jones CK, Niswender CM, Wood MW, Brandon NJ, Duggan ME, Conn PJ, Bridges TM, Lindsley CW. Challenges in the development of an M 4 PAM preclinical candidate: The discovery, SAR, and in vivo characterization of a series of 3-aminoazetidine-derived amides. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:2990-2995. [PMID: 28522253 PMCID: PMC5518475 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This letter details the continued chemical optimization of a novel series of M4 positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) based on a 5-amino-thieno[2,3-c]pyridazine core by incorporating a 3-amino azetidine amide moiety. The analogs described within this work represent the most potent M4 PAMs reported for this series to date. The SAR to address potency, clearance, subtype selectivity, CNS exposure, and P-gp efflux are described. This work culminated in the discovery of VU6000918, which demonstrated robust efficacy in a rat amphetamine-induced hyperlocomotion reversal model at a minimum efficacious dose of 0.3mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- James C Tarr
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Michael R Wood
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Meredith J Noetzel
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jeanette L Bertron
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Rebecca L Weiner
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Alice L Rodriguez
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Atin Lamsal
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Frank W Byers
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Sichen Chang
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Hyekyung P Cho
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Carrie K Jones
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Colleen M Niswender
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Michael W Wood
- Neuroscience Innovative Medicines, Astra Zeneca, 141 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Nicholas J Brandon
- Neuroscience Innovative Medicines, Astra Zeneca, 141 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Mark E Duggan
- Neuroscience Innovative Medicines, Astra Zeneca, 141 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - P Jeffrey Conn
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Thomas M Bridges
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - Craig W Lindsley
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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17
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Bender AM, Weiner RL, Luscombe VB, Cho HP, Niswender CM, Engers DW, Bridges TM, Conn PJ, Lindsley CW. Synthesis and evaluation of 4,6-disubstituted pyrimidines as CNS penetrant pan-muscarinic antagonists with a novel chemotype. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:2479-2483. [PMID: 28427812 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
This letter describes the synthesis and structure activity relationship (SAR) studies of structurally novel M4 antagonists, based on a 4,6-disubstituted core, identified from a high-throughput screening campaign. A multi-dimensional optimization effort enhanced potency at both human and rat M4 (IC50s<300nM), with no substantial species differences noted. Moreover, CNS penetration proved attractive for this series (brain:plasma Kp,uu=0.87), while other DMPK attributes were addressed in the course of the optimization effort, providing low in vivo clearance in rat (CLp=5.37mL/min/kg). Surprisingly, this series displayed pan-muscarinic antagonist activity across M1-5, despite the absence of the prototypical basic or quaternary amine moiety, thus offering a new chemotype from which to develop a next generation of pan-muscarinic antagonist agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron M Bender
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Rebecca L Weiner
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Vincent B Luscombe
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Hyekyung P Cho
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Colleen M Niswender
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Darren W Engers
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Thomas M Bridges
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - P Jeffrey Conn
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Craig W Lindsley
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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18
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Wood MR, Noetzel MJ, Melancon BJ, Poslusney MS, Nance KD, Hurtado MA, Luscombe VB, Weiner RL, Rodriguez AL, Lamsal A, Chang S, Bubser M, Blobaum AL, Engers DW, Niswender CM, Jones CK, Brandon NJ, Wood MW, Duggan ME, Conn PJ, Bridges TM, Lindsley CW. Discovery of VU0467485/AZ13713945: An M 4 PAM Evaluated as a Preclinical Candidate for the Treatment of Schizophrenia. ACS Med Chem Lett 2017; 8:233-238. [PMID: 28197318 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.6b00461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report the structure-activity relationships within a series of potent, selective, and orally bioavailable muscarinic acetylcholine receptor 4 (M4) positive allosteric modulators (PAMs). Compound 6c (VU0467485) possesses robust in vitro M4 PAM potency across species and in vivo efficacy in preclinical models of schizophrenia. Coupled with an attractive DMPK profile and suitable predicted human PK, 6c (VU0467485) was evaluated as a preclinical development candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R. Wood
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Meredith J. Noetzel
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Bruce J. Melancon
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Michael S. Poslusney
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Kellie D. Nance
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Miguel A. Hurtado
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Vincent B. Luscombe
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Rebecca L. Weiner
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Alice L. Rodriguez
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Atin Lamsal
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Sichen Chang
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Michael Bubser
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Anna L. Blobaum
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Darren W. Engers
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Colleen M. Niswender
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Carrie K. Jones
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Nicholas J. Brandon
- AstraZeneca Neuroscience, Innovative Medicines Biotech
Unit, 141 Portland Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Michael W. Wood
- AstraZeneca Neuroscience, Innovative Medicines Biotech
Unit, 141 Portland Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Mark E. Duggan
- AstraZeneca Neuroscience, Innovative Medicines Biotech
Unit, 141 Portland Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - P. Jeffrey Conn
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Thomas M. Bridges
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Craig W. Lindsley
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
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19
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Wood MR, Noetzel MJ, Poslusney MS, Melancon BJ, Tarr JC, Lamsal A, Chang S, Luscombe VB, Weiner RL, Cho HP, Bubser M, Jones CK, Niswender CM, Wood MW, Engers DW, Brandon NJ, Duggan ME, Conn PJ, Bridges TM, Lindsley CW. Challenges in the development of an M 4 PAM in vivo tool compound: The discovery of VU0467154 and unexpected DMPK profiles of close analogs. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:171-175. [PMID: 27939174 PMCID: PMC5340297 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.11.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This letter describes the chemical optimization of a novel series of M4 positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) based on a 5-amino-thieno[2,3-c]pyridazine core, developed via iterative parallel synthesis, and culminating in the highly utilized rodent in vivo tool compound, VU0467154 (5). This is the first report of the optimization campaign (SAR and DMPK profiling) that led to the discovery of VU0467154, and details all of the challenges faced in allosteric modulator programs (steep SAR, species differences in PAM pharmacology and subtle structural changes affecting CNS penetration).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Wood
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Meredith J Noetzel
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Michael S Poslusney
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Bruce J Melancon
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - James C Tarr
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Atin Lamsal
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Sichen Chang
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Vincent B Luscombe
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Rebecca L Weiner
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Hyekyung P Cho
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Michael Bubser
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Carrie K Jones
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Colleen M Niswender
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Michael W Wood
- Neuroscience Innovative Medicines, Astra Zeneca, 141 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Darren W Engers
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Nicholas J Brandon
- Neuroscience Innovative Medicines, Astra Zeneca, 141 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Mark E Duggan
- Neuroscience Innovative Medicines, Astra Zeneca, 141 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - P Jeffrey Conn
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Thomas M Bridges
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - Craig W Lindsley
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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20
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Freeberg TM, Book DL, Weiner RL. Foraging and Calling Behavior of Carolina chickadees (Poecile carolinensis) in Response to the Head Orientation of Potential Predators. Ethology 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/eth.12438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Todd M. Freeberg
- Department of Psychology; University of Tennessee; Knoxville TN USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of Tennessee; Knoxville TN USA
| | - D. L. Book
- Department of Psychology; University of Tennessee; Knoxville TN USA
| | - Rebecca L. Weiner
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of Tennessee; Knoxville TN USA
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21
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Abstract
Objective. To present a novel approach for treatment of intractable occipital neuralgia using percutaneous peripheral nerve electrostimulation techniques. Methods. Thirteen patients underwent 17 implant procedures for medically refractory occipital neuralgia. A subcutaneous electrode placed transversely at the level of C1 across the base of the occipital nerve trunk produced paresthesias and pain relief covering the regions of occipital nerve pain Results. With follow-up ranging from 1-½ to 6 years, 12 patients continue to report good to excellent response with greater than 50% pain control and requiring little or no additional medications. The 13th patient (first in the series) was subsequently explanted following symptom resolution. Conclusions. In patients with medically intractable occipital neuralgia, peripheral nerve electrostimulation subcutaneously at the level of C1 appears to be a reasonable alternative to more invasive surgical procedures following failure of more conservative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L Weiner
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Anesthesiology, Presbyterian Hospital of Dallas, Dallas, Texas
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22
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Abstract
Intractable migraine and other headache syndromes affect almost 40 million Americans and many more millions worldwide. Although many treatment protocols exist, mainly designed around medication regimens, there are estimated to be at least 3-5% of these headache sufferers that do not respond in a meaningful way to medications and whose lives can be severely restricted to darkened, quiet rooms, heavy doses of narcotics, failed personal relationships and an overwhelming sense of hopelessness. In this article, we describe current neuromodulation-based approach to the management of intractable headache.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L Weiner
- Department of Neurosurgery, Presbyterian Hospital of Dallas, Dallas, Texas, USA.
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23
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Abstract
Electrical stimulation of selected peripheral nerves for treatment of intractable pain has been used inconsistently over the past 30 years due to difficulties in clarifying appropriate indications, utilizing approved device technology, and standardizing the surgical techniques. Circumferential electrodes treating mononeuropathies have given way to paddle electrode techniques and, most recently, the application of percutaneous wire electrode methods will allow for minimally invasive peripheral nerve stimulation for certain intractable CRPS and other painful monoeuropathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L Weiner
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Presbyterian Hospital of Dallas, TX, USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Surgery is considered to be the mainstay of treatment for glomus jugulare tumors. A subset of patients are poor surgical candidates based on age, medical problems, tumor size, or prior treatment failure. The purpose of this study was to review our results with stereotactic radiosurgery (gamma knife treatment) in this group of patients, with particular attention to adverse reactions and symptom relief. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective review and phone survey. METHODS Charts were reviewed for size and location of tumor, history of previous treatment, symptoms before and after treatment, amount of radiation received, acute and late complications, and functional level before and after treatment. Pre-treatment and posttreatment magnetic resonance imaging scans were also reviewed. Identified patients were then contacted for a phone interview. RESULTS Eight patients were identified. Phone interviews were conducted with four patients. Four patients had failed previous treatment. Follow-up ranged from 7 to 104 months. One patient experienced an acute complication: intractable vertigo requiring hospitalization. No patient experienced delayed cranial neuropathies. No patient reported worsening of any of the following symptoms: pulsatile tinnitus, hearing loss, facial weakness, hoarseness, or difficulty swallowing. Three patients reported improvement in their pulsatile tinnitus. Two patients reported improvement in hearing loss, and one patient each reported improvement in vertigo and difficulty swallowing. CONCLUSIONS Preliminary results suggest that stereotactic radiosurgery is useful to control symptoms and may be delivered safely in patients with primary or recurrent glomus jugulare tumors who are poor surgical candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Jordan
- Department of Otolaryngology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
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25
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Affiliation(s)
- R L Weiner
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx 10461, NY, USA
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26
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Burchiel KJ, Anderson VC, Brown FD, Fessler RG, Friedman WA, Pelofsky S, Weiner RL, Oakley J, Shatin D. Prospective, multicenter study of spinal cord stimulation for relief of chronic back and extremity pain. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 1996; 21:2786-94. [PMID: 8979327 DOI: 10.1097/00007632-199612010-00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN This prospective, multicenter study was designed to investigate the efficacy and outcome of spinal cord stimulation using a variety of clinical and psychosocial outcome measures. Data were collected before implantation and at regular intervals after implantation. This report focuses on 70 patients who had undergone 1 year of follow-up treatment at the time of data analysis. OBJECTIVES To provide a more generalizable assessment of long-term spinal cord stimulation outcome by comparing a variety of pain and functional/quality-of-life measures before and after management. This report details results after 1 year of stimulation. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA The historically diverse methods, patient selection criteria, and outcome measures reported in the spinal cord stimulation literature have made interpretation and comparison of results difficult. Although short-term outcomes are generally consistent, long-term outcomes of spinal cord stimulation, as determined by prospective studies that assess multidimensional aspects of the pain complaint among a relatively homogeneous population, are not well established. METHODS Two hundred nineteen patients were entered at six centers throughout the United States. All patients underwent a trial of stimulation before implant of the permanent system. Most were psychologically screened. One hundred eighty-two patients were implanted with a permanent stimulating system. At the time of this report, complete 1-year follow-up data were available on 70 patients, 88% of whom reported pain in the back or lower extremities. Patient evaluation of pain and functional levels was completed before implantation and 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after implantation. Complications, medication usage, and work status also were monitored. RESULTS All pain and quality-of-life measures showed statistically significant improvement during the treatment year. These included the average pain visual analogue scale, the McGill Pain Questionnaire, the Oswestry Disability Questionnaire, the Sickness Impact Profile, and the Back Depression Inventory. Overall success of the therapy was defined as at least 50% pain relief and patient assessment of the procedure as fully or partially beneficial and worthwhile. Using this definition, spinal cord stimulation successfully managed pain in 55% of patients on whom 1-year follow-up is available. Complications requiring surgical intervention were reported by 17% (12 of 70) of patients. Medication usage and work status were not changed significantly. CONCLUSIONS This prospective, multicenter study confirms that spinal cord stimulation can be an effective therapy for management of chronic low back and extremity pain. Significant improvements in many aspects of the pain condition were measured, and complications were minimal.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Burchiel
- Division of Neurosurgery, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland
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27
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Werner S, Weinberg W, Liao X, Peters KG, Blessing M, Yuspa SH, Weiner RL, Williams LT. Targeted expression of a dominant-negative FGF receptor mutant in the epidermis of transgenic mice reveals a role of FGF in keratinocyte organization and differentiation. EMBO J 1993; 12:2635-43. [PMID: 7687538 PMCID: PMC413510 DOI: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1993.tb05924.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study we used a dominant-negative FGF receptor mutant to block FGF function in a specific tissue of transgenic mice. The mutant receptor, which is known to block signal transduction in cells when co-expressed with wild-type receptors, was targeted to suprabasal keratinocytes using a keratin 10 promoter. The transgene was expressed specifically in the skin and highest expression levels were found in the tail. Expression of the mutant receptor disrupted the organization of epidermal keratinocytes, induced epidermal hyperthickening and resulted in an aberrant expression of keratin 6. This suggests that FGF is essential for the morphogenesis of suprabasal keratinocytes and for the establishment of the normal program of keratinocyte differentiation. Our study demonstrates that dominant-negative growth factor receptors can be used to block selectively the action of a growth factor in specific tissues of transgenic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Werner
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Medicine and Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of California San Francisco 94143
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28
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Calhoun
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Texas Medical Branch-Galveston 77550
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29
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Levin HS, Goldstein FC, Ghostine SY, Weiner RL, Crofford MJ, Eisenberg HM. Hemispheric disconnection syndrome persisting after anterior cerebral artery aneurysm rupture. Neurosurgery 1987; 21:831-8. [PMID: 3437949 DOI: 10.1227/00006123-198712000-00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemispheric disconnection syndrome is a rarely reported sequela of aneurysm rupture. Serial neurobehavioral examinations of such a patient after clipping of a right pericallosal artery that had bled into a large portion of the corpus callosum disclosed defects in interhemispheric transfer of information and competitive movements between the left and right extremities. Although the patient's postoperative memory deficit subsequently resolved, his disconnection syndrome persisted and was primarily responsible for his disability despite otherwise normal neurological findings. We studied a second patient with a hematoma in the genu of the corpus callosum secondary to an arteriovenous malformation (AVM). Although the second patient also exhibited postoperative memory problems, her hemispheric disconnection symptoms were minimal and commensurate with a more circumscribed corpus callosum lesion. Neurobehavioral sequelae of aneurysm or AVM rupture involving the anterior circulation, which may be overlooked in the absence of a detailed examination, can produce persistent disability in many patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Levin
- Division of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston
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30
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Stiernberg CM, Bailey BJ, Weiner RL, Calhoun KH, Quinn FB. Reconstruction of the anterior skull base following craniofacial resection. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1987; 113:710-2. [PMID: 3580150 DOI: 10.1001/archotol.1987.01860070024009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Reconstruction of the anterior skull base (ASB) following craniofacial resection must seal off the cranial cavity from the upper respiratory tract and provide structural support for the brain. The inferiorly based pericranial flap is strong, pliable, and well vascularized and is especially suited for reconstruction of small-to moderate-sized midline defects of the ASB. Surgical technique of pericranial flap reconstruction used in three cases is described. Indications for this flap and other types of reconstruction are discussed and compared. We believe pericranial flap reconstruction of the ASB is technically easy, cosmetically acceptable, and safe.
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31
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Levin HS, Amparo E, Eisenberg HM, Williams DH, High WM, McArdle CB, Weiner RL. Magnetic resonance imaging and computerized tomography in relation to the neurobehavioral sequelae of mild and moderate head injuries. J Neurosurg 1987; 66:706-13. [PMID: 3572497 DOI: 10.3171/jns.1987.66.5.0706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 261] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Twenty patients admitted for minor or moderate closed-head injury were studied to investigate the relationship between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and neurobehavioral sequelae. The MRI scans demonstrated 44 more intracranial lesions than did concurrent computerized tomography (CT) scans in 17 patients (85%); most of these lesions were located in the frontal and temporal regions. Estimates of lesion volume based on MRI were frequently greater than with CT; however, MRI disclosed no additional lesions that required surgical evacuation. Neuropsychological assessment during the initial hospitalization revealed deficits in frontal lobe functioning and memory that were related to the size and localization of the lesions as defined by MRI. Follow-up MRI and neuropsychological testing at 1 month (13 cases) and 3 months (six cases) disclosed marked reduction of lesion size paralleled by improvement in cognition and memory. These findings encourage further investigation of the prognostic utility of MRI for the clinical management and rehabilitation of mild or moderate head injury.
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32
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Abstract
The importance of stereotactic aspiration to the successful management of three cases of brain stem abscess is discussed with special reference to the advantages offered over medical treatment alone. Stereotactic aspiration allows evacuation of pus, accurate bacteriological diagnosis, selection of an optimal antibiotic regimen, and instillation of antibiotics directly into the abscess cavity. In two of the three cases described here, the abscess reaccumulated after initial aspiration despite appropriate maximal medical therapy. A repeat aspiration was required before resolution occurred. We conclude that medical management alone is not adequate for some cases of brain stem abscess. There was no morbidity that could be attributed to the procedure, suggesting that the risk of stereotactic aspiration is probably quite low and is likely to be less than the risk of incorrect diagnosis, suboptimal choice of antibiotics, or progression of the lesion despite appropriate maximal medical therapy.
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33
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Abstract
Pediatric neurosurgery is benefiting greatly from technologic advances in medicine that are enabling earlier and more definitive diagnosis and treatment of a variety of conditions amenable to surgical correction. This article familiarizes the pediatrician with some of the many applications of the new technology as well as some newer concepts of disease management in pediatric neurosurgery.
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34
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Lachiewicz AM, Kogan SJ, Levitt SB, Weiner RL. Concurrent agenesis of the corpus callosum and ureteroceles in siblings. Pediatrics 1985; 75:904-7. [PMID: 3991279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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35
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36
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Leo JS, Weiner RL, Lin JP, Ransohoff J. Computed tomography in herpes simplex encephalitis. Surg Neurol 1978; 10:313-7. [PMID: 725739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Nine patients with herpes simplex encephalitis examined by CT scan were reviewed. A total of 15 satisfactory scans was analyzed. The majority of our cases had CT scan abnormalities: lucency 63% (5 of 8, one case with suboptimal scan), mass effect 50% (4 of 8), abnormal contrast enhancement 57% (4 of 7). The earliest CT scan finding was lucency, presented in two out of three cases studied within 48 hours following onset of symptoms. The primary role of CT scan is to support the suspected diagnosis of herpes simplex encephalitis as well as to indicate the best site for brain biopsy and to permit early effective treatment with adenine arabinoside.
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