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Moretti R, Massimello G, Chessa S, Sartore S, Tranchero A, Profiti M, Sacchi P. Allele and genotype frequencies for primary hereditary cataract, multifocal retinopathy 1, and degenerative myelopathy in Pyrenean Mountain dog from Italy. Top Companion Anim Med 2024; 58:100844. [PMID: 38081509 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Pyrenean Mountain Dog (PMD) is an ancient dog breed firstly described in XIV century in the Pyrenees Region and nowadays diffused both in Europe and in the US. Hereditary Cataract (HC), defined as the inherited opacity of the lens, involves clinical signs ranging from reduced vision to glaucoma. A molecular basis of HC was firstly described in Staffordshire Bull Terriers and then reported in multiple canine breeds. The HC-associated variation is a single nucleotide deletion in HSF4 gene that introduces a premature stop codon (c.962del, p.Ala321*). Multifocal Retinopathy 1 (MR) is an ocular disorder characterized by multiple areas of retinal degeneration, caused in various dog breeds (including PMD) by a single nucleotide variant (SNV) in BEST1 gene that generates a premature stop codon (c.73G>A, p.Arg25*). Degenerative Myelopathy (DM) is an adult-onset, progressive neurodegenerative disease and it is associated to a SNV in SOD1 gene causing a change in aminoacidic sequence of the protein (c.118G>A, p.Glu40Lys). This causative variant has been described in various dog breeds, including PMD. Aim of this study was to determine the allele frequencies for the abovementioned three genetic diseases in the Italian breeding PMD population. The survey found no dogs carrying the allele (deletion) associated with HC, while three dogs (6 %) were heterozygous (G/A) for the MR-associated variant, and seven dogs (13 %) were heterozygous (G/A) for the DM-associated alteration, indicating that the variant alleles frequency were 0 %, 3 %, and 7 %, respectively. Appropriate mating management is suggested for the prevention of genetic diseases spreading in the PMD population.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Moretti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, Grugliasco TO 10095 Italy
| | | | - S Chessa
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, Grugliasco TO 10095 Italy.
| | - S Sartore
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, Grugliasco TO 10095 Italy
| | - A Tranchero
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, Grugliasco TO 10095 Italy
| | - M Profiti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, Grugliasco TO 10095 Italy
| | - P Sacchi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, Grugliasco TO 10095 Italy
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Sartore S, Moretti R, Piras LA, Longo M, Chessa S, Sacchi P. Osteochondrodysplasia and the c.1024G>T variant of TRPV4 gene in Scottish Fold cats: genetic and radiographic evaluation. J Feline Med Surg 2023; 25:1098612X231211763. [PMID: 38055304 PMCID: PMC10811760 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x231211763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to investigate the c.1024G>T SNP in the TRPV4 gene in Scottish Straight and Fold cats, and to evaluate the pattern of skeletal phenotype and the evolution of radiological signs of Scottish Fold osteochondrodysplasia (SFOCD) over time in heterozygous subjects. METHODS DNA was obtained from blood samples of 17 cats (Scottish Fold: n = 12; Scottish Straight: n = 5) and subsequently genotyped by sequencing in a 249 bp region of the TRPV4 gene (exon 6), including the known c.1024G>T causative mutation for osteochondrodysplasia. Orthopaedic and radiographic analyses were performed on animals carrying the mutant allele. RESULTS Genotyping by sequencing confirmed that all and only the Scottish Fold cats carried the mutant allele in a heterozygous asset. Furthermore, two other exon variants, already described in the literature as silent variants, were found in some of the sampled cats. Comparative orthogonal radiographic views of the shoulder, elbow, carpus, hip, stifle and tarsus were obtained. A mediolateral projection of the thoracic and lumbar column was also performed. Three out of four cats were clinically and radiographically examined again 1.5 years later. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Although the presence of the mutant allele in all the tested Scottish Fold cats was confirmed, only 1/12 showed clinical signs of SFOCD. Furthermore, no cats in the 1.5-year follow-up showed skeletal changes. Although significant, the c.1024G>T mutation in the TRPV4 gene, supposedly, is not the only cause or risk of developing SFOCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Sartore
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - Riccardo Moretti
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - Lisa Adele Piras
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - Maurizio Longo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy
| | - Stefania Chessa
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Sacchi
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
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Caputo B, Moretti R, Virgillito C, Manica M, Lampazzi E, Lombardi G, Serini P, Pichler V, Beebe NW, Della Torre A, Calvitti M. A bacterium against the tiger: further evidence of the potential of noninundative releases of males with manipulated Wolbachia infection in reducing fertility of Aedes albopictus field populations in Italy. Pest Management Science 2023; 79:3167-3176. [PMID: 37022600 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Incompatible insect technique (IIT) is a population suppression approach based on the release of males with manipulated Wolbachia infection inducing egg inviability in wild females. We here present results of multiple field releases of incompatible ARwP males carried out in 2019 in a 2.7-ha green area within urban Rome (Italy) to assess the effect on Aedes albopictus egg viability. Data are compared with results obtained in 2018, when the approach was tested for the first time in Europe. RESULTS An average of 4674 ARwP males were released weekly for 7 weeks, resulting in a mean ARwP:wild male ratio of 1.1:1 (versus 0.7:1 in 2018). Egg-viability dynamics in ovitraps significantly varied between treated and control sites, with an estimated overall reduction of 35% (versus 15% in 2018). The estimated proportion of females classified as mated with ARwP males was 41.8% and the viability rate of eggs laid by these females (9.5%) was on average significantly lower than that of females only mated with wild males (87.8%); however, high variability in fertility was observed. Values of ARwP male competitiveness were 0.36 and 0.73 based on the overall viability rate of eggs in ovitraps and on female fertility, respectively; thus, well above the conventional 0.2 threshold for an effective suppressive impact in the field. CONCLUSIONS Results further support the potential of IIT as a tool to contribute to Ae. albopictus control in the urban context, stressing the need for larger field trials to evaluate the cost-efficacy of the approach in temperate regions. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beniamino Caputo
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Moretti
- Biotechnology and Agroindustry Division, ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development), Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Virgillito
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Mattia Manica
- Center for Health Emergencies, Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Trento, Italy
| | - Elena Lampazzi
- Biotechnology and Agroindustry Division, ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development), Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Lombardi
- Biotechnology and Agroindustry Division, ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development), Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Paola Serini
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Verena Pichler
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Nigel W Beebe
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, & CSIRO, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Alessandra Della Torre
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Calvitti
- Biotechnology and Agroindustry Division, ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development), Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy
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Maselli A, Gordon J, Eluchans M, Lancia GL, Thiery T, Moretti R, Cisek P, Pezzulo G. Beyond simple laboratory studies: Developing sophisticated models to study rich behavior. Phys Life Rev 2023; 46:220-244. [PMID: 37499620 DOI: 10.1016/j.plrev.2023.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Psychology and neuroscience are concerned with the study of behavior, of internal cognitive processes, and their neural foundations. However, most laboratory studies use constrained experimental settings that greatly limit the range of behaviors that can be expressed. While focusing on restricted settings ensures methodological control, it risks impoverishing the object of study: by restricting behavior, we might miss key aspects of cognitive and neural functions. In this article, we argue that psychology and neuroscience should increasingly adopt innovative experimental designs, measurement methods, analysis techniques and sophisticated computational models to probe rich, ecologically valid forms of behavior, including social behavior. We discuss the challenges of studying rich forms of behavior as well as the novel opportunities offered by state-of-the-art methodologies and new sensing technologies, and we highlight the importance of developing sophisticated formal models. We exemplify our arguments by reviewing some recent streams of research in psychology, neuroscience and other fields (e.g., sports analytics, ethology and robotics) that have addressed rich forms of behavior in a model-based manner. We hope that these "success cases" will encourage psychologists and neuroscientists to extend their toolbox of techniques with sophisticated behavioral models - and to use them to study rich forms of behavior as well as the cognitive and neural processes that they engage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Maselli
- Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Research Council, Rome, Italy
| | - Jeremy Gordon
- University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94704, United States
| | - Mattia Eluchans
- Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Research Council, Rome, Italy; University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Lancia
- Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Research Council, Rome, Italy; University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Thomas Thiery
- Department of Psychology, University of Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Riccardo Moretti
- Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Research Council, Rome, Italy; University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Paul Cisek
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Giovanni Pezzulo
- Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Research Council, Rome, Italy.
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Marco MD, Forti M, Moretti R, Pancioni L, Tesi A. Complete Stability of Neural Networks With Extended Memristors. IEEE Trans Neural Netw Learn Syst 2023; PP:1-15. [PMID: 37279127 DOI: 10.1109/tnnls.2023.3279406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The article considers a large class of delayed neural networks (NNs) with extended memristors obeying the Stanford model. This is a widely used and popular model that accurately describes the switching dynamics of real nonvolatile memristor devices implemented in nanotechnology. The article studies via the Lyapunov method complete stability (CS), i.e., convergence of trajectories in the presence of multiple equilibrium points (EPs), for delayed NNs with Stanford memristors. The obtained conditions for CS are robust with respect to variations of the interconnections and they hold for any value of the concentrated delay. Moreover, they can be checked either numerically, via a linear matrix inequality (LMI), or analytically, via the concept of Lyapunov diagonally stable (LDS) matrices. The conditions ensure that at the end of the transient capacitor voltages and NN power vanish. In turn, this leads to advantages in terms of power consumption. This notwithstanding, the nonvolatile memristors can retain the result of computation in accordance with the in-memory computing principle. The results are verified and illustrated via numerical simulations. From a methodological viewpoint, the article faces new challenges to prove CS since due to the presence of nonvolatile memristors the NNs possess a continuum of nonisolated EPs. Also, for physical reasons, the memristor state variables are constrained to lie in some given intervals so that the dynamics of the NNs need to be modeled via a class of differential inclusions named differential variational inequalities.
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Moretti R, Scognamiglio T, Zoli A, Miozzo A, Lansana P, Nunie A. Enhancing COVID 19 vaccination coverage in Sierra Leone. Eur J Public Health 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac131.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The project aim to support Sierra Leone in enhancing vaccination coverage. BACKGROUND In November 2021, the vaccination coverage rate was 7% for one dose and 4% for two. According with EPI program, the main problem was not the lack of vaccines (already provided by different donors) but the need of support (training, motivation, allowances) to health personnel. Lombardy project involved 31 local vaccination teams performing a refresh training, followed, by micro-planning meetings. SIGNIFICANCE The Covid epidemiology in SL is not well known, but the possible new waves makes this intervention a high public health priority. USEFULNESS. The model is based on training, motivation, follow up and a very simple monetary allowance system based on performance. An online daily report available on smartphone was provided to follow up performances and manage allowances system. PROBLEM The objective was a donation of vaccines, but after a short assessment the issue changed to the need of supporting the local health staff. The goal shifted to train, give incentives for health workers, support to micro-planification and also to work on timely reporting to follow up the project results. QUESTIONS ANSWERED. Can support to microplanning be effective in enhancing vaccination numbers? Can monetary incentives to personnel based on performances enhance vaccination numbers? Can a setting approach (school, workplaces,..) enhance vaccinations numbers? RESULTS the numbers of vaccination Increased from an average of 5 per team by day in early December (after the refresh training) up to an average of 15 by day after the support to micro-planning, the monetary progressive incentives based on performance and the introduction of settings approach. Up to 85.000 doses was performed in 4 months.
Key messages
• Planning, performance based payement and training can enhance vaccination coverage.
• African countries can performe good vaccination programs if supported in organization and non only in vaccine donation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Moretti
- Primary Health Care, ATS Bergamo , Bergamo, Italy
- AREU Direction, , Milan, Italy
| | | | - A Zoli
- AREU Direction, , Milan, Italy
| | | | - P Lansana
- Freetown Urban Health District, EPI District , Freetown,
- Sierra Leone , Freetown,
| | - A Nunie
- EPI National, Freetown, Sierra Leone Direction,
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Addabbo T, Fort A, Landi E, Moretti R, Mugnaini M, Vignoli V. Strategies for the Accurate Measurement of the Resonance Frequency in QCM-D Systems via Low-Cost Digital Techniques. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:5728. [PMID: 35957285 PMCID: PMC9371052 DOI: 10.3390/s22155728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array)-based digital architecture for the measurement of quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) oscillating frequency of transient responses, i.e., in QCM-D (QCM and Dissipation) applications, is presented. The measurement system is conceived for operations in liquid, with short QCM transient responses due to the large mechanical load. The proposed solution allows for avoiding the complex processing systems typically required by the QCM-D techniques and grants frequency resolutions better than 1 ppm. The core of the architecture is a reciprocal digital frequency meter, combined with the preprocessing of the QCM signal through mixing operations, such as a step-down of the input frequency and reducing the measurement error. The measurement error is further reduced through averaging. Different strategies are proposed to implement the proposed measurement solution, comprising an all-digital circuit and mixed analog/digital ones. The performance of the proposed architectures is theoretically derived, compared, and analyzed by means of experimental data obtained considering 10 MHz QCMs and 200 μs long transient responses. A frequency resolution of about 240 ppb, which corresponds to a Sauerbrey mass resolution of 8 ng/cm2, is obtained for the all-digital solution, whereas for the mixed solution the resolution halves to 120 ppb, with a measurement time of about one second over 100 repetitions.
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Moretti R, Sartore S, Colitti B, Profiti M, Chessa S, Rosati S, Sacchi P. Susceptibility of different TMEM154 genotypes in three Italian sheep breeds infected by different SRLV genotypes. Vet Res 2022; 53:60. [PMID: 35906709 PMCID: PMC9335956 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-022-01079-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLV) belong to the Retroviridae family and can cause various diseases. One of the most impacting diseases is visna-maedi, a complex disease characterized by long latencies and chronic progressive inflammatory events affecting the nervous system, lungs, mammary gland, and articular joints. A single nucleotide polymorphism (rs408593969, c.103G>A, missense mutation E35K) in the ovine transmembrane protein gene 154 (TMEM154) was identified as protective against small ruminant lentivirus infection in different herds worldwide. However, there is evidence in the scientific literature of a breed-specificity of this protective effect and, furthermore, there are still limited studies regarding the association between the animal genotype and the infecting virus genotype. Thus, the aim of this study was to further investigate the association between the animal genotype for the suggested protective mutation and the infecting virus genotype, in three different sheep breeds reared in northern Italy. The results obtained only partially confirmed the data available in the literature, as the protective effect was confirmed only for SRLV genotype A clusters, while other genotypes (namely B and E) infected AA and GA animals. Further studies with an experimental infection of specific virus genotypes in hosts with specific genotypes are required to confirm the larger number of cases the results obtained in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Moretti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Torino, 10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - Stefano Sartore
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Torino, 10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - Barbara Colitti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Torino, 10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - Margherita Profiti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Torino, 10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - Stefania Chessa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Torino, 10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy.
| | - Sergio Rosati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Torino, 10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - Paola Sacchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Torino, 10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy
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Placidi L, Nardini M, Moretti R, Capotosti A, Cusumano D, Boldrini L, Gambacorta M, Valentini V, Indovina L. PO-1732 Advantages of low tesla MR-Linac advanced cost function for online adaptive dose optimization. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)03696-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Placidi L, Nardini M, Calatayud D, Capotosti A, Cusumano D, Moretti R, Gambacorta M, Valentini V, Indovina L, Boldrini L. PO-1705 Characterization of injectable marker in a low tesla MR-Linac for online tracking of liver tumour. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)03669-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Moretti R, Lampazzi E, Damiani C, Fabbri G, Lombardi G, Pioli C, Desiderio A, Serrao A, Calvitti M. Increased biting rate and decreased Wolbachia density in irradiated Aedes mosquitoes. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:67. [PMID: 35209944 PMCID: PMC8867665 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05188-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Releasing considerable numbers of radiation-sterilized males is a promising strategy to suppress mosquito vectors. However, releases may also include small percentages of biting females, which translate to non-negligible numbers when releases are large. Currently, the effects of irradiation on host-seeking and host-biting behaviors have not been exhaustively investigated. Information is also lacking regarding the effects of sterilizing treatment on the endosymbiotic bacterium Wolbachia, which is known to affect the vector competence of infected mosquitos. Methods To ascertain the effects of irradiation on females, the pupae of two Aedes albopictus strains, differing in their natural or artificial Wolbachia infection type, and Aedes aegypti—which is not infected by Wolbachia—were treated with various doses of X-rays and monitored for key fitness parameters and biting behavior over a period of 2 weeks. The effect of radiation on Wolbachia was investigated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis. Results Partial Aedes albopictus female sterility was achieved at 28 Gy, but the number of weekly bites more than doubled compared to that of the controls. Radiation doses of 35 and 45 Gy completely inhibited progeny production but did not significantly affect the survival or flight ability of Ae. albopictus females and caused a tripling of the number of bites per female per week (compared to untreated controls). These results were also confirmed in Ae. aegypti after treatment at 50 Gy. Wolbachia density decreased significantly in 45-Gy-irradiated females, with the greatest decreases in the early irradiation group (26 ± 2-h-old pupae). Wolbachia density also decreased as adults aged. This trend was confirmed in ovaries but not in extra-ovarian tissues. FISH analysis showed a strongly reduced Wolbachia-specific fluorescence in the ovaries of 13 ± 1-day-old females. Conclusions These results suggest that, under sterile insect technique (SIT) programs, the vector capacity of a target population could increase with the frequency of the irradiated females co-released with the sterile males due to an increased biting rate. In the context of successful suppression, the related safety issues are expected to be generally negligible, but they should be conservatively evaluated when large-scale programs relying on imperfect sexing and high overflooding release ratios are run for long periods in areas endemic for arboviral diseases. Also, the effects of irradiation on the vector competence deserve further investigation. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13071-022-05188-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Moretti
- Biotechnology and Agroindustry Division, ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development), Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy.
| | - Elena Lampazzi
- Biotechnology and Agroindustry Division, ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development), Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Damiani
- School of Biosciences and Medical Veterinary, University of Camerino, Camerino, MC, Italy.,Biovecblok S.r.L, Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Giulia Fabbri
- Biotechnology and Agroindustry Division, ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development), Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy.,School of Biosciences and Medical Veterinary, University of Camerino, Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Giulia Lombardi
- Biotechnology and Agroindustry Division, ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development), Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy.,School of Biosciences and Medical Veterinary, University of Camerino, Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Claudio Pioli
- Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development), Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy
| | - Angiola Desiderio
- Biotechnology and Agroindustry Division, ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development), Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy
| | - Aurelio Serrao
- School of Biosciences and Medical Veterinary, University of Camerino, Camerino, MC, Italy.,Biovecblok S.r.L, Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Maurizio Calvitti
- Biotechnology and Agroindustry Division, ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development), Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy
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Capotosti A, Moretti R, Cusumano D, Placidi L, Zagaria L, Perotti G, Iezzi R, Indovina L. Gamma agreement index test for dose distribution comparisons in selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) procedures with 90Y. Phys Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1120-1797(22)00189-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Divisi D, Zaccagna G, Angeletti C, Cicerone E, De Vico A, Moretti R, Imbriglio G, Carbuglia N, Quaglione GR, Chiatamone Ranieri S, Crisci R. Pleural empyema associated with alveolar-pleural fistulas in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Clin Case Rep 2021; 9:e04262. [PMID: 34188928 PMCID: PMC8218321 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.4262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Surgery in COVID-19 disease complicated by APF represents the last life-saving treatment option. The choice of the therapeutic period to indicate this approach is fundamental. In fact, the clinical stability of patient is necessary in order to allow single-lung ventilation and to minimize postoperative sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duilio Divisi
- Department of MeSVAThoracic Surgery UnitGiuseppe Mazzini” HospitalUniversity of L’AquilaTeramoItaly
| | - Gino Zaccagna
- Department of MeSVAThoracic Surgery UnitGiuseppe Mazzini” HospitalUniversity of L’AquilaTeramoItaly
| | | | - Elena Cicerone
- Division of Pathology and Histology“Giuseppe Mazzini” HospitalTeramoItaly
| | - Andrea De Vico
- Department of MeSVAThoracic Surgery UnitGiuseppe Mazzini” HospitalUniversity of L’AquilaTeramoItaly
| | | | - Giovanna Imbriglio
- Department of MeSVAThoracic Surgery UnitGiuseppe Mazzini” HospitalUniversity of L’AquilaTeramoItaly
| | | | | | - Sofia Chiatamone Ranieri
- Department of Laboratory MedicineClinical Pathology and Microbiology LaboratoryGiuseppe Mazzini” HospitalTeramoItaly
| | - Roberto Crisci
- Department of MeSVAThoracic Surgery UnitGiuseppe Mazzini” HospitalUniversity of L’AquilaTeramoItaly
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14
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Moretti
- Biotechnology and Agroindustry Division, ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy & Sustainable Economic Development), Rome, Italy.
| | - Maurizio Calvitti
- Biotechnology and Agroindustry Division, ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy & Sustainable Economic Development), Rome, Italy
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15
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Moretti R, Soglia D, Chessa S, Sartore S, Finocchiaro R, Rasero R, Sacchi P. Identification of SNPs Associated with Somatic Cell Score in Candidate Genes in Italian Holstein Friesian Bulls. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:366. [PMID: 33535694 PMCID: PMC7912858 DOI: 10.3390/ani11020366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mastitis is an infectious disease affecting the mammary gland, leading to inflammatory reactions and to heavy economic losses due to milk production decrease. One possible way to tackle the antimicrobial resistance issue stemming from antimicrobial therapy is to select animals with a genetic resistance to this disease. Therefore, aim of this study was to analyze the genetic variability of the SNPs found in candidate genes related to mastitis resistance in Holstein Friesian bulls. Target regions were amplified, sequenced by Next-Generation Sequencing technology on the Illumina® MiSeq, and then analyzed to find correlation with mastitis related phenotypes in 95 Italian Holstein bulls chosen with the aid of a selective genotyping approach. On a total of 557 detected mutations, 61 showed different genotype distribution in the tails of the deregressed EBVs for SCS and 15 were identified as significantly associated with the phenotype using two different approaches. The significant SNPs were identified in intergenic or intronic regions of six genes, known to be key components in the immune system (namely CXCR1, DCK, NOD2, MBL2, MBL1 and M-SAA3.2). These SNPs could be considered as candidates for a future genetic selection for mastitis resistance, although further studies are required to assess their presence in other dairy cattle breeds and their possible negative correlation with other traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Moretti
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, 10095 Turin, Italy; (R.M.); (D.S.); (S.S.); (R.R.); (P.S.)
| | - Dominga Soglia
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, 10095 Turin, Italy; (R.M.); (D.S.); (S.S.); (R.R.); (P.S.)
| | - Stefania Chessa
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, 10095 Turin, Italy; (R.M.); (D.S.); (S.S.); (R.R.); (P.S.)
| | - Stefano Sartore
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, 10095 Turin, Italy; (R.M.); (D.S.); (S.S.); (R.R.); (P.S.)
| | - Raffaella Finocchiaro
- Associazione Nazionale Allevatori Razza Frisona e Jersey Italiana—ANAFIJ, 26100 Cremona, Italy;
| | - Roberto Rasero
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, 10095 Turin, Italy; (R.M.); (D.S.); (S.S.); (R.R.); (P.S.)
| | - Paola Sacchi
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, 10095 Turin, Italy; (R.M.); (D.S.); (S.S.); (R.R.); (P.S.)
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16
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Baglivo S, Ludovini V, Moretti R, Bellezza G, Sidoni A, Roila F, Metro G. RET Rearrangement as a Predictor of Unresponsiveness to Immunotherapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Report of Two Cases with Review of the Literature. Oncol Ther 2020; 8:333-339. [PMID: 32700042 PMCID: PMC7683679 DOI: 10.1007/s40487-020-00116-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with epidermal growth factor receptor and anaplastic lymphoma kinase positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) generally respond poorly to treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors such as anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) or anti-programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) given with or without anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) drugs. However, the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with oncogene-addicted NSCLC harboring minor drivers, such as fusions in the rearranged during transfection (RET) gene, is still unclear. Here we describe two patients with RET-positive advanced NSCLC with PD-L1 expression ≥ 50% who developed progressive disease during first-line treatment with the anti-PD-1 agent pembrolizumab. In particular, while patient 2 was immediately switched to treatment with a selective RET inhibitor within the setting of a clinical trial, patient 1 responded to cytotoxic chemotherapy delivered at the time of progression while on pembrolizumab. These cases of NSCLC are discussed in the context of current literature, which seems to support our observation that patients with RET-positive NSCLC are unlikely to benefit from immunotherapy. Therefore, we suggest that for RET-positive patients with PD-L1 ≥ 50%, consideration should be given to upfront treatment approaches other than single-agent immunotherapy, namely selective RET inhibitors (if available) or regimens including cytotoxic chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Baglivo
- Laboratory of Oncology, Medical Oncology, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Vienna Ludovini
- Laboratory of Oncology, Medical Oncology, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Riccardo Moretti
- Department of Radiology, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Guido Bellezza
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Division of Pathology and Histology, University of Perugia Medical School, Perugia, Italy
| | - Angelo Sidoni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Division of Pathology and Histology, University of Perugia Medical School, Perugia, Italy
| | - Fausto Roila
- Medical Oncology, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giulio Metro
- Medical Oncology, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
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17
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Salmasi M, Moretti R, Chessa S, Sartore S, Mimosi A, Cornale P. Genetic variability of milk proteins in two cattle breeds of Piedmont region and the potential effects on milk quality. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2020.1850217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Salmasi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Riccardo Moretti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Stefania Chessa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Stefano Sartore
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Antonio Mimosi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Paolo Cornale
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
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18
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Metro G, Baglivo S, Moretti R, Bellezza G, Sidoni A, Roila F. Is There a Role for Multiple Lines of Anti-HER2 Therapies Administered Beyond Progression in HER2-Mutated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer? A Case Report and Literature Review. Oncol Ther 2020; 8:341-350. [PMID: 32700047 PMCID: PMC7683654 DOI: 10.1007/s40487-020-00121-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncogene-addicted non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) comprises a number of distinct disease subtypes, each of which is characterised by druggable genetic alterations. Among them, the receptor tyrosine kinase protein human epidermal receptor 2 (HER2) is occasionally found deregulated via gene mutation and/or amplification and/or protein overexpression. HER2 mutation, in particular, is a relatively rare condition which occurs in 1-4% of NSCLC patients, especially in those with adenocarcinoma histology and a never/light smoking history. However, the clinical relevance of a HER2 mutation in NSCLC relies on the fact that this genetic alteration has been associated with sensitivity to anti-HER2 therapies such as the monoclonal antibody trastuzumab or the pan-HER-tyrosine kinase inhibitor poziotinib. Here we describe the case of a NSCLC patient with an activating exon 20 G776VinsC mutation in the HER2 gene who responded well to multiple lines of trastuzumab-based therapies administered beyond progression and poziotinib given sequentially. In this specific case, the discovery of a druggable genetic alteration such as a mutation in the HER2 gene allowed for long-term control of the disease through the use of highly effective anti-HER2 therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Metro
- Medical Oncology, Santa Maria Della Misericordia Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Di Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Sara Baglivo
- Laboratory of Oncology, Medical Oncology, Santa Maria Della Misericordia Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Riccardo Moretti
- Department of Radiology, Santa Maria Della Misericordia Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Guido Bellezza
- Division of Pathology and Histology, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia Medical School, Perugia, Italy
| | - Angelo Sidoni
- Division of Pathology and Histology, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia Medical School, Perugia, Italy
| | - Fausto Roila
- Medical Oncology, Santa Maria Della Misericordia Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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19
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Caputo B, Moretti R, Manica M, Serini P, Lampazzi E, Bonanni M, Fabbri G, Pichler V, Della Torre A, Calvitti M. A bacterium against the tiger: preliminary evidence of fertility reduction after release of Aedes albopictus males with manipulated Wolbachia infection in an Italian urban area. Pest Manag Sci 2020; 76:1324-1332. [PMID: 31603613 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Novel tools are needed to reduce the nuisance and risk of exotic arbovirus transmission associated with the colonization of temperate regions by Aedes albopictus. The incompatible insect technique (IIT) is a population suppression approach based on cytoplasmic incompatibility between males with manipulated endosymbionts and wild females. Here, we present the results of the first field experiment in Europe to assess the capacity of an Ae. albopictus line (ARwP) deprived of its natural endosymbiont Wolbachia and transinfected with a Wolbachia strain from the mosquito Culex pipiens, to sterilize wild females. RESULTS We released ∼ 4500 ARwP males weekly for 6 weeks in a green area within urban Rome (Italy) and carried out egg (N = 13 442), female (N = 128) and male (N = 352) collections. Egg (N = 13 783) and female (N = 48) collections were also carried out at two untreated control sites. The percentage of viable eggs during release was, on average, significantly lower in treated sites than in control sites, with the greatest difference (16%) seen after the fourth release. The ARwP to wild male ratio in the release spots between day 3 after the first ARwP male release and day 7 after the last release was, on average, 7:10. Released males survived up to 2 weeks. Approximately 30% of females collected in the release spots showed 100% sterility and 20% showed strongly reduced fertility compared with control sites. CONCLUSIONS Results support the potential of IIT as a tool contributing to Ae. albopictus control in the urban context, and stress the need for larger field trials to evaluate the cost-efficacy of the approach in suppressing wild populations. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beniamino Caputo
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Università di Roma Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Moretti
- Biotechnology and Agroindustry Division, ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development), Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy
| | - Mattia Manica
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Trento, Italy
| | - Paola Serini
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Università di Roma Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Lampazzi
- Biotechnology and Agroindustry Division, ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development), Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Bonanni
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Università di Roma Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Fabbri
- Biotechnology and Agroindustry Division, ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development), Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy
| | - Verena Pichler
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Università di Roma Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Della Torre
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Università di Roma Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Calvitti
- Biotechnology and Agroindustry Division, ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development), Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy
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20
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Pasquali S, Mariani L, Calvitti M, Moretti R, Ponti L, Chiari M, Sperandio G, Gilioli G. Development and calibration of a model for the potential establishment and impact of Aedes albopictus in Europe. Acta Trop 2020; 202:105228. [PMID: 31678121 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.105228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus) is one of the most invasive disease vectors worldwide. The species is a competent vector of dengue, chikungunya, Zika viruses and other severe parasites and pathogens threatening human health. The capacity of this mosquito to colonize and establish in new areas (including temperate regions) is enhanced by its ability of producing diapausing eggs that survive relatively cold winters. The main drivers of population dynamics for this mosquito are water and air temperature and photoperiod. In this paper, we present a mechanistic model that predicts the potential distribution, abundance and activity of Asian tiger mosquito in Europe. The model includes a comprehensive description of: i) the individual life-history strategies, including diapause, ii) the influence of weather-driven individual physiological responses on population dynamics and iii) the density-dependent regulation of larval mortality rate. The model is calibrated using field data from several locations along an altitudinal gradient in the Italian Alps, which enabled accurate prediction of cold temperature effects on population abundance, including identification of conditions that prevent overwintering of the species. Model predictions are consistent with the most updated information on species' presence and absence. Predicted population abundance shows a clear south-north decreasing gradient. A similar yet less evident pattern in the activity of the species is also predicted. The model represents a valuable tool for the development of strategies aimed at the management of Ae. albopictus and for the implementation of effective control measures against vector-borne diseases in Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pasquali
- CNR-IMATI "Enrico Magenes", Via A. Corti 12, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - L Mariani
- Lombard Museum of Agricultural History, Via Celoria, 2, 20133 Milano, Italy; DiSAA, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - M Calvitti
- Biotechnology and Agroindustry Division, ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development), Casaccia Research Center, via Anguillarese 301, 00123 Rome, Italy
| | - R Moretti
- Biotechnology and Agroindustry Division, ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development), Casaccia Research Center, via Anguillarese 301, 00123 Rome, Italy
| | - L Ponti
- Biotechnology and Agroindustry Division, ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development), Casaccia Research Center, via Anguillarese 301, 00123 Rome, Italy; Center for the Analysis of Sustainable Agricultural Systems (www.casasglobal.org), Kensington CA 94707, USA
| | - M Chiari
- UO Veterinaria, DG Welfare, Regione Lombardia, P.zza Città di Lombardia 1, 20124 Milano, Italy
| | - G Sperandio
- DMMT, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Amendola 2, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - G Gilioli
- DMMT, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
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21
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Collamati F, Moretti R, Alunni-Solestizi L, Bocci V, Cartoni A, Collarino A, De Simoni M, Faccini R, Fischetti M, Giordano A, Maccora D, Mancini-Terracciano C, Mirabelli R, Scotognella T, Solfaroli-Camillocci E, Traini G, Morganti S. Characterisation of a β detector on positron emitters for medical applications. Phys Med 2019; 67:85-90. [PMID: 31704391 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2019.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Radio Guided Surgery (RGS) is a technique that helps the surgeon to achieve an as complete as possible tumor resection, thanks to the intraoperative detection of particles emitted by a radio tracer that bounds to tumoral cells. In the last years, a novel approach to this technique has been proposed that, exploiting β- emitting radio tracers, overtakes some limitations of established γ-RGS. In this context, a first prototype of an intraoperative β particle detector, based on a high light yield and low density organic scintillator, has been developed and characterised on pure β- emitters, like 90Y. The demonstrated very high efficiency to β- particles, together with the remarkable transparency to photons, suggested the possibility to use this detector also with β+ emitting sources, that have plenty of applications in nuclear medicine. In this paper, we present upgrades and optimisations performed to the detector to reveal such particles. METHODS Laboratory measurement have been performed on liquid Ga68 source, and were used to validate and tune a Monte Carlo simulation. RESULTS The upgraded detector has an ~80% efficiency to electrons above ~110keV, reaching a plateau value of ~95%. At the same time, the probe is substantially transparent to photons below ~200keV, reaching a plateau value of ~3%. CONCLUSIONS The new prototype seems to have promising characteristics to perform RGS also with β+ emitting isotopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Collamati
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - R Moretti
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma, Roma, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - L Alunni-Solestizi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - V Bocci
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - A Cartoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - A Collarino
- Unità di Medicina Nucleare, Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, Roma, Italy
| | - M De Simoni
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma, Roma, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - R Faccini
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma, Roma, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - M Fischetti
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma, Roma, Italy; Dipartimento Scienze di Base e Applicate per l'Ingegneria, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - A Giordano
- Unità di Medicina Nucleare, Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, Roma, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - D Maccora
- Unità di Medicina Nucleare, Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, Roma, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | | | - R Mirabelli
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma, Roma, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy; Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche E. Fermi, Rome, Italy
| | - T Scotognella
- Unità di Medicina Nucleare, Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, Roma, Italy
| | - E Solfaroli-Camillocci
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma, Roma, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy; Scuola di Specializzazione in Fisica Medica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy.
| | - G Traini
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma, Roma, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy; Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche E. Fermi, Rome, Italy
| | - S Morganti
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma, Roma, Italy
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22
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Moretti
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Emergency Department of General Civil, Hospital, "G. Mazzini”, Piazza Italia 64100, Teramo, Italia
| | - Chiara Angeletti
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Emergency Department of General Civil, Hospital, "G. Mazzini”, Piazza Italia 64100, Teramo, Italia
| | - Stefano Minora
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Emergency Department of General Civil, Hospital, "G. Mazzini”, Piazza Italia 64100, Teramo, Italia
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Abstract
Background The transinfection of the endosymbiotic bacterium Wolbachia provides a method to produce functionally sterile males to be used to suppress mosquito vectors. ARwP is a wPip Wolbachia infected Aedes albopictus which exhibits a bidirectional incompatibility pattern with wild-types. We coupled a modelistic approach with laboratory experiments to test ARwP as a control tool and evaluate the possible occurrence of population replacement following the release of ARwP females in a wild-type (SANG) population. Repeated male-only releases were simulated and tested in the laboratory in comparison with releases contaminated with 1% ARwP females. Model simulations also investigated how migration affects the outcome of contaminated releases. Finally, the mean level of egg fertility and the long-term evolution of populations constituted by two Wolbachia infection types were studied by testing SANG and ARwP Ae. albopictus and performing more general model simulations. Results The model was parametrized with laboratory data and simulations were compared with results of biological trials. Small populations of ARwP males and females were theoretically and experimentally demonstrated to rapidly become extinct when released in larger SANG populations. Male-only releases at a 5:1 ratio with respect to the wild-type males led to a complete suppression of the SANG population in a few generations. Contaminated releases were efficient as well but led to population replacement in the long term, when the wild-type population approached eradication. Migration significantly contrasted this trend as a 5% population turnover was sufficient to avoid any risk of population replacement. At equal frequencies between ARwP and SANG individuals, the mean egg fertility of the overall population was more than halved and suppression was self-sustaining until one of the two infection types extinguished. Conclusions In the case of bidirectional incompatibility patterns, the repeated release of incompatible males with small percentages of contaminant females could lead to population replacement in confined environments while it could be managed to target high efficiency and sustainability in wild-type suppression when systems are open to migration. This possibility is discussed based on various contexts and taking into consideration the possibility of integration with other control methods such as SIT and the use of larvicides. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-018-3208-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Moretti
- Biotechnology and Agroindustry Division, ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development), Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Augusto Marzo
- Technologies and Facilities for Nuclear Fission and Nuclear Material Management, ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development), Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Lampazzi
- Biotechnology and Agroindustry Division, ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development), Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Calvitti
- Biotechnology and Agroindustry Division, ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development), Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy
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24
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Spiazzi L, Toraci C, Frassine F, Borghetti P, Altabella L, Vitali P, Polonini A, Moretti R. 45 Threshold dose for focal liver reaction. Phys Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2018.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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25
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Mascaro L, Duina A, Moretti R. 242. A new approach for MRI 3D image quality control: Protocol set up for multicoil arrays. Phys Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2018.04.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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26
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Berta L, Colombo P, De Mattia C, Calderoni F, Nici S, Rottoli F, Artuso E, Moretti R, Torresin A. 55. A statistical method for assessing Low Contrast Detectability in CT: A phantom study using Filtered Back Projection and Iterative reconstructions. Phys Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2018.04.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Moretti R, Toraci C, Polonini A, Altabella L, Saiani F, Pegurri L, Buglione M, Spiazzi L. 183. Retrospective analysis of Tomotherapy dose-of-the-day: Results and effectiveness on adaptive strategies. Phys Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2018.04.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Mascaro L, Ambrosi C, Pinardi C, Belligotti E, Moretti R, Forcella F, Gasparotti R. 243. Performance comparison of head RF multicoil array: What are the advantages of increasing coil numbers? Phys Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2018.04.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Moretti R, Yen PS, Houé V, Lampazzi E, Desiderio A, Failloux AB, Calvitti M. Combining Wolbachia-induced sterility and virus protection to fight Aedes albopictus-borne viruses. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018; 12:e0006626. [PMID: 30020933 PMCID: PMC6066253 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the strategies targeting vector control, the exploitation of the endosymbiont Wolbachia to produce sterile males and/or invasive females with reduced vector competence seems to be promising. A new Aedes albopictus transinfection (ARwP-M) was generated by introducing wMel Wolbachia in the ARwP line which had been established previously by replacing wAlbA and wAlbB Wolbachia with the wPip strain. Various infection and fitness parameters were studied by comparing ARwP-M, ARwP and wild-type (SANG population) Ae. albopictus sharing the same genetic background. Moreover, the vector competence of ARwP-M related to chikungunya, dengue and zika viruses was evaluated in comparison with ARwP. ARwP-M showed a 100% rate of maternal inheritance of wMel and wPip Wolbachia. Survival, female fecundity and egg fertility did not show to differ between the three Ae. albopictus lines. Crosses between ARwP-M males and SANG females were fully unfertile regardless of male age while egg hatch in reverse crosses increased from 0 to about 17% with SANG males aging from 3 to 17 days. When competing with SANG males for SANG females, ARwP-M males induced a level of sterility significantly higher than that expected for an equal mating competitiveness (mean Fried index of 1.71 instead of 1). The overall Wolbachia density in ARwP-M females was about 15 fold higher than in ARwP, mostly due to the wMel infection. This feature corresponded to a strongly reduced vector competence for chikungunya and dengue viruses (in both cases, 5 and 0% rates of transmission at 14 and 21 days post infection) with respect to ARwP females. Results regarding Zika virus did not highlight significant differences between ARwP-M and ARwP. However, none of the tested ARwP-M females was capable at transmitting ZIKV. These findings are expected to promote the exploitation of Wolbachia to suppress the wild-type Ae. albopictus populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Moretti
- Biotechnology and Agroindustry Division, ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development), Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Pei-Shi Yen
- Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Arboviruses and Insect Vectors Unit, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Houé
- Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Arboviruses and Insect Vectors Unit, Paris, France
| | - Elena Lampazzi
- Biotechnology and Agroindustry Division, ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development), Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy
| | - Angiola Desiderio
- Biotechnology and Agroindustry Division, ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development), Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna-Bella Failloux
- Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Arboviruses and Insect Vectors Unit, Paris, France
| | - Maurizio Calvitti
- Biotechnology and Agroindustry Division, ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development), Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy
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Moretti R, de Rezende MPG, Biffani S, Bozzi R. Heritability and genetic correlations between rumination time and production traits in Holstein dairy cows during different lactation phases. J Anim Breed Genet 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jbg.12346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Moretti
- Dipartimento di Scienze delle Produzioni Agroalimentari e dell'Ambiente; Università di Firenze; Firenze Italy
| | | | - Stefano Biffani
- Associazione Italiana Allevatori; Rome Italy
- Istituto di Biologia e Biotecnologia Agraria; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche; Lodi Italy
| | - Riccardo Bozzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze delle Produzioni Agroalimentari e dell'Ambiente; Università di Firenze; Firenze Italy
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Buffoli A, Olivetti L, Micheletti E, Facchetti F, Moretti R. Degree of Malignancy of Maxillary Sinus Cylindromas in Relation to Histologic Characteristics. Tumori 2018; 68:127-31. [PMID: 6289501 DOI: 10.1177/030089168206800205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The authors, by analysing 31 cylindromas and 65 squamous cell carcinomas of the maxillary sinus, reached the conclusion that at a T2–T3, identical stage of development and with similar treatment, the carcinoma has a worse prognosis than the cylindroma, the latter being influenced in its clinical evolution by its histologic characteristics. In particular, the solid cellular pattern negatively affects the survival period.
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Morotti F, Moretti R, Gomes dos Santos GM, Silva-Santos KC, Seneda MM. 7 Ovarian Follicular Dynamics and Conception Rate in Bos indicus Cows with Different Antral Follicle Counts Subjected to Timed Artificial Insemination. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv30n1ab7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Two experiments in Nelore cows subjected to conventional protocol for timed AI (TAI) were designed to compare the influence of antral follicle count (AFC; 1) on the ovarian follicular dynamics and (2) conception rates. First, multiparous cows with high (G-high, ≥45 follicles; n = 43) and low AFC (G-low, ≤15 follicles; n = 32) were selected to receive a conventional oestradiol/progesterone-based TAI protocol for monitoring ovarian follicular dynamics. Second, AFC from 962 multiparous suckling cows (40 ± 15 days postpartum) subjected to a conventional protocol for TAI were classified as G-high (≥45 follicles; n = 194), G-intermediate (≥20 and ≤40 follicles, n = 397), and G-low AFC (≤ 15 follicles; n = 243). Pregnancy status was evaluated 30 to 35 days later. Data were analysed using ANOVA followed by the Tukey test and model of logistic regression (P ≤ 0.05). In the first study, the AFC were greater (P ≤ 0.05) in G-high than in G-low, but remained stable in both groups during the evaluations. The ovarian diameter, perimeter, and area were greater (P ≤ 0.05) in G-high than in G-low (28.3 ± 3.9 v. 20.5 ± 3.2 mm, 100.9 ± 13.2 v. 73.8 ± 13.9 mm, and 67.5 ± 16.4 v. 37.7 ± 11.7 mm2; respectively). Follicular growth rate, time of ovulation, corpus luteum diameter, and progesterone concentration were similar (P > 0.05) for cows with low or high AFC. Dominant follicles showed greater (P ≤ 0.05) diameter in G-low than G-high at D4 (7.3 ± 2.2 v. 6.2 ± 1.4 mm; P = 0.069, tendency), D8 (11.2 ± 1.8v. 9.5 ± 1.8 mm), D9 (12.3 ± 1.7 v. 10.6 ± 1.7 mm), and D10 (13.4 ± 1.3 v. 12.2 ± 1.8 mm), and the estimated diameter of the ovulatory follicle tended (P = 0.08) to be higher in G-low than in G-high (14.4 ± 1.5 v. 13.4 ± 2.1 mm). In the second study, AFC of G-low cows showed higher (P ≤ 0.05) conception rate (61.7%) than those of G-intermediate (52.9%) and G-high (49.5%) cows. In Nelore cows subjected to ovulation synchronization protocol, cows with high AFC showed higher ovarian measurements, but those with low AFC had large follicular diameters. Additionally, the cows with low AFC showed higher conception rate than groups with intermediate and high counts.
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Moretti R, Bozzi R, Maltecca C, Tiezzi F, Chessa S, Bar D, Biffani S. 0387 Daily rumination time in Italian Holstein cows: Heritability and correlation with milk production. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jam2016-0387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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de Moor JM, Aiuppa A, Avard G, Wehrmann H, Dunbar N, Muller C, Tamburello G, Giudice G, Liuzzo M, Moretti R, Conde V, Galle B. Turmoil at Turrialba Volcano (Costa Rica): Degassing and eruptive processes inferred from high-frequency gas monitoring. J Geophys Res Solid Earth 2016; 121:5761-5775. [PMID: 27774371 DOI: 10.1002/2016jb013150.received] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Eruptive activity at Turrialba Volcano (Costa Rica) has escalated significantly since 2014, causing airport and school closures in the capital city of San José. Whether or not new magma is involved in the current unrest seems probable but remains a matter of debate as ash deposits are dominated by hydrothermal material. Here we use high-frequency gas monitoring to track the behavior of the volcano between 2014 and 2015 and to decipher magmatic versus hydrothermal contributions to the eruptions. Pulses of deeply derived CO2-rich gas (CO2/Stotal > 4.5) precede explosive activity, providing a clear precursor to eruptive periods that occurs up to 2 weeks before eruptions, which are accompanied by shallowly derived sulfur-rich magmatic gas emissions. Degassing modeling suggests that the deep magmatic reservoir is ~8-10 km deep, whereas the shallow magmatic gas source is at ~3-5 km. Two cycles of degassing and eruption are observed, each attributed to pulses of magma ascending through the deep reservoir to shallow crustal levels. The magmatic degassing signals were overprinted by a fluid contribution from the shallow hydrothermal system, modifying the gas compositions, contributing volatiles to the emissions, and reflecting complex processes of scrubbing, displacement, and volatilization. H2S/SO2 varies over 2 orders of magnitude through the monitoring period and demonstrates that the first eruptive episode involved hydrothermal gases, whereas the second did not. Massive degassing (>3000 T/d SO2 and H2S/SO2 > 1) followed, suggesting boiling off of the hydrothermal system. The gas emissions show a remarkable shift to purely magmatic composition (H2S/SO2 < 0.05) during the second eruptive period, reflecting the depletion of the hydrothermal system or the establishment of high-temperature conduits bypassing remnant hydrothermal reservoirs, and the transition from phreatic to phreatomagmatic eruptive activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Maarten de Moor
- Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica Universidad Nacional Heredia Costa Rica; Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of New Mexico Albuquerque New Mexico USA; Dipartimento DiSTeM Università di Palermo Palermo Italy
| | - A Aiuppa
- Dipartimento DiSTeM Università di Palermo Palermo Italy; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Sezione di Palermo Palermo Italy
| | - G Avard
- Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica Universidad Nacional Heredia Costa Rica
| | - H Wehrmann
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel Kiel Germany
| | - N Dunbar
- New Mexico Bureau of Geology & Mineral Resources Earth and Environmental Science Department Socorro New Mexico USA
| | - C Muller
- Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica Universidad Nacional Heredia Costa Rica; School of Earth Sciences University of Bristol Bristol UK
| | - G Tamburello
- Dipartimento DiSTeM Università di Palermo Palermo Italy
| | - G Giudice
- Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Sezione di Palermo Palermo Italy
| | - M Liuzzo
- Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Sezione di Palermo Palermo Italy
| | - R Moretti
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile Design Edilizia e Ambiente Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli Naples Italy
| | - V Conde
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences Chalmers University of Technology Göteborg Sweden
| | - B Galle
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences Chalmers University of Technology Göteborg Sweden
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35
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de Moor JM, Aiuppa A, Avard G, Wehrmann H, Dunbar N, Muller C, Tamburello G, Giudice G, Liuzzo M, Moretti R, Conde V, Galle B. Turmoil at Turrialba Volcano (Costa Rica): Degassing and eruptive processes inferred from high-frequency gas monitoring. J Geophys Res Solid Earth 2016; 121:5761-5775. [PMID: 27774371 PMCID: PMC5054823 DOI: 10.1002/2016jb013150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Eruptive activity at Turrialba Volcano (Costa Rica) has escalated significantly since 2014, causing airport and school closures in the capital city of San José. Whether or not new magma is involved in the current unrest seems probable but remains a matter of debate as ash deposits are dominated by hydrothermal material. Here we use high-frequency gas monitoring to track the behavior of the volcano between 2014 and 2015 and to decipher magmatic versus hydrothermal contributions to the eruptions. Pulses of deeply derived CO2-rich gas (CO2/Stotal > 4.5) precede explosive activity, providing a clear precursor to eruptive periods that occurs up to 2 weeks before eruptions, which are accompanied by shallowly derived sulfur-rich magmatic gas emissions. Degassing modeling suggests that the deep magmatic reservoir is ~8-10 km deep, whereas the shallow magmatic gas source is at ~3-5 km. Two cycles of degassing and eruption are observed, each attributed to pulses of magma ascending through the deep reservoir to shallow crustal levels. The magmatic degassing signals were overprinted by a fluid contribution from the shallow hydrothermal system, modifying the gas compositions, contributing volatiles to the emissions, and reflecting complex processes of scrubbing, displacement, and volatilization. H2S/SO2 varies over 2 orders of magnitude through the monitoring period and demonstrates that the first eruptive episode involved hydrothermal gases, whereas the second did not. Massive degassing (>3000 T/d SO2 and H2S/SO2 > 1) followed, suggesting boiling off of the hydrothermal system. The gas emissions show a remarkable shift to purely magmatic composition (H2S/SO2 < 0.05) during the second eruptive period, reflecting the depletion of the hydrothermal system or the establishment of high-temperature conduits bypassing remnant hydrothermal reservoirs, and the transition from phreatic to phreatomagmatic eruptive activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Maarten de Moor
- Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa RicaUniversidad NacionalHerediaCosta Rica
- Department of Earth and Planetary SciencesUniversity of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNew MexicoUSA
- Dipartimento DiSTeMUniversità di PalermoPalermoItaly
| | - A. Aiuppa
- Dipartimento DiSTeMUniversità di PalermoPalermoItaly
- Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e VulcanologiaSezione di PalermoPalermoItaly
| | - G. Avard
- Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa RicaUniversidad NacionalHerediaCosta Rica
| | - H. Wehrmann
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research KielKielGermany
| | - N. Dunbar
- New Mexico Bureau of Geology & Mineral ResourcesEarth and Environmental Science DepartmentSocorroNew MexicoUSA
| | - C. Muller
- Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa RicaUniversidad NacionalHerediaCosta Rica
- School of Earth SciencesUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - G. Tamburello
- Dipartimento DiSTeMUniversità di PalermoPalermoItaly
| | - G. Giudice
- Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e VulcanologiaSezione di PalermoPalermoItaly
| | - M. Liuzzo
- Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e VulcanologiaSezione di PalermoPalermoItaly
| | - R. Moretti
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile DesignEdilizia e Ambiente Seconda Università degli Studi di NapoliNaplesItaly
| | - V. Conde
- Department of Earth and Space SciencesChalmers University of TechnologyGöteborgSweden
| | - B. Galle
- Department of Earth and Space SciencesChalmers University of TechnologyGöteborgSweden
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Nya PCB, Moretti R, Nicoletti M, Calvitti M, Tomassini L. Larvicidal Activity of Steroidal Saponins from Dracaena arborea on Aedes albopictus. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2016; 17:1036-1042. [PMID: 27455904 DOI: 10.2174/1389201017666160725122615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Development of new and improved mosquito control methods, that are economically sustainable and effective, is a critical requirement in the management of vector-borne epidemic diseases. Aedes albopictus is one of the main vectors of various important pathogens in the tropics, which now have the potential to also spread in temperate regions, owing to the environmental and climate changes in act. MATERIALS AND METHODS We report about the isolation of steroidal saponins from Dracaena arborea by fractionation followed by column separation. The obtained fractions and/or pure compounds were tested by biological essays for their insecticidal activity against A. albopictus larvae. RESULTS Various compounds were found to exert larvicidal effects. In specific, spiroconazole A demonstrated the best insecticidal activity, showing LT50 value of 57.23 hours at 25 ppm. DISCUSSION We finally discuss about the value of this finding in the context of the present strategies of Integrated Mosquito Management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Riccardo Moretti
- Biotechnology and Agro- Industry Division of ENEA, C.R. Casaccia, Via Anguillarese 301, 00123, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Lamberto Tomassini
- Department of Environmental Biology of Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
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Spiazzi L, Buglione M, Trevisan F, Baushi L, Pasinetti N, Avitabile R, Corrado F, Polonini A, Moretti R, Magrini S. EP-1619: Ovaries and uterus Equivalent dose to in patients treated for Hodgkin Lymphoma with mediastinal RT. Radiother Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(16)32870-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Talenti A, Nicolazzi EL, Chessa S, Frattini S, Moretti R, Coizet B, Nicoloso L, Colli L, Pagnacco G, Stella A, Ajmone-Marsan P, Ptak G, Crepaldi P. A method for single nucleotide polymorphism selection for parentage assessment in goats. J Dairy Sci 2016; 99:3646-3653. [PMID: 26971153 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2015-10077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Accurate pedigrees are essential to optimize genetic improvement and conservation of animal genetic resources. In goats, the use of mating groups and kidding management procedures hamper the identification of parentage. Small panels of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) have been proposed in other species to substitute microsatellites for parentage assessment. Using data from the current GoatSNP50 chip, we developed a new 3-step procedure to identify a low-density SNP panel for highly accurate parentage assessment. Methodologies for SNP selection used in other species are less suitable in the goat because of uncertainties in the genome assembly. The procedure developed in this study is based on parent-offspring identification and on estimation of Mendelian errors, followed by canonical discriminant analysis identification and stepwise regression reduction. Starting from a reference sample of 109 Alpine goats with known pedigree relationships, we first identified a panel of 200 SNP that was further reduced to 2 final panels of 130 and 114 SNP with random coincidental match inclusion of 1.51×10(-57) and 2.94×10(-34), respectively. In our reference data set, all panels correctly identified all parent-offspring combinations, revealing a 40% pedigree error rate in the information provided by breeders. All reference trios were confirmed by official tests based on microsatellites. Panels were also tested on Saanen and Teramana breeds. Although the testing on a larger set of breeds in the reference population is still needed to validate these results, our findings suggest that our procedure could identify SNP panels for accurate parentage assessment in goats or in other species with unreliable marker positioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Talenti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie e Sanità Pubblica, Università di Milano, via Celoria 10, Milano, 20133, Italy.
| | - E L Nicolazzi
- Fondazione Parco Tecnologico Padano (PTP), Via Einstein, Cascina Codazza, Lodi, 26900, Italy
| | - S Chessa
- Istituto di Biologia e Biotecnologia Agraria (IBBA-CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Einstein, Cascina Codazza, Lodi, 26900, Italy
| | - S Frattini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie e Sanità Pubblica, Università di Milano, via Celoria 10, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - R Moretti
- Istituto di Biologia e Biotecnologia Agraria (IBBA-CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Einstein, Cascina Codazza, Lodi, 26900, Italy
| | - B Coizet
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie e Sanità Pubblica, Università di Milano, via Celoria 10, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - L Nicoloso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie e Sanità Pubblica, Università di Milano, via Celoria 10, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - L Colli
- Istituto di Zootecnica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Via Emilia Parmense, Piacenza, 29122, Italy
| | - G Pagnacco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie e Sanità Pubblica, Università di Milano, via Celoria 10, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - A Stella
- Fondazione Parco Tecnologico Padano (PTP), Via Einstein, Cascina Codazza, Lodi, 26900, Italy; Istituto di Biologia e Biotecnologia Agraria (IBBA-CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Einstein, Cascina Codazza, Lodi, 26900, Italy
| | - P Ajmone-Marsan
- Istituto di Zootecnica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Via Emilia Parmense, Piacenza, 29122, Italy
| | - G Ptak
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Comparate, Università di Teramo, Piazza Aldo Moro 45, Teramo, 64100, Italy; Institute of Animal Production, ul. Sarego 2, Krakow 31-047, Poland
| | - P Crepaldi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie e Sanità Pubblica, Università di Milano, via Celoria 10, Milano, 20133, Italy
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Fiorino S, Bacchi-Reggiani L, Detotto E, Battilana M, Borghi E, Denitto C, Dickmans C, Facchini B, Moretti R, Parini S, Testi M, Zamboni A, Cuppini A, Pisani L, Nava S. Efficacy of non-invasive mechanical ventilation in the general ward in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease admitted for hypercapnic acute respiratory failure and pH < 7.35: a feasibility pilot study. Intern Med J 2016; 45:527-37. [PMID: 25684643 DOI: 10.1111/imj.12726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To date non-invasive (NIV) mechanical ventilation use is not recommended in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF) and pH < 7.30 outside a 'protected environment'. We assessed NIV efficacy and feasibility in improving arterial blood gases (ABG) and in-hospital outcome in patients with ARF and severe respiratory acidosis (RA) admitted to an experienced rural medical ward. METHODS This paper is a prospective pilot cohort study conducted in the General Medicine Ward of Budrio's District Hospital. Two hundred and seventy-two patients with ARF were admitted to our Department, 112, meeting predefined inclusion criteria (pH < 7.35, PaCO2 > 45 mmHg). Patients were divided according to the severity of acidosis into: group A (pH < 7.26), group B (7.26 ≤ pH < 7.30) and group C (7.30 ≤ pH < 7.35). ABG were assessed at admission, at 2-6 h, 24 h, 48 h and at discharge. RESULTS Group A included 55 patients (24 men, mean age: 80.8 ± 8.3 years), group B 31 (12 men, mean age: 80.3 ± 9.4 years) and group C 26 (15 men, mean age: 78.6 ± 9.9 years). ABG improved within the first hours in 92/112 (82%) patients, who were all successfully discharged. Eighteen percent (20/112) of the patients died during the hospital stay, no significant difference emerged in mortality rate (MR) within the groups (23%, 16% and 8%, for groups A, B and C, respectively) and between patients with or without pneumonia: 8/29 (27%) versus 12/83 (14%). On multivariable analysis, only age and Glasgow Coma Scale had an impact on the clinical outcome. CONCLUSION In a non-'highly protected' environment such as an experienced medical ward of a rural hospital, NIV is effective not only in patients with mild, but also with severe forms of RA. MR did not vary according to the level of initial pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Fiorino
- Unità Operativa di Medicina Interna, Ospedale di Budrio (Bologna), Department of Internal Medicine, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - L Bacchi-Reggiani
- Istituto di Cardiologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, Department of Specialist, Diagnostic, and Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - E Detotto
- Unità Operativa di Medicina Interna, Ospedale di Budrio (Bologna), Department of Internal Medicine, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - M Battilana
- Unità Operativa di Medicina Interna, Ospedale di Budrio (Bologna), Department of Internal Medicine, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - E Borghi
- Unità Operativa di Medicina Interna, Ospedale di Budrio (Bologna), Department of Internal Medicine, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - C Denitto
- Unità Operativa di Medicina Interna, Ospedale di Budrio (Bologna), Department of Internal Medicine, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - C Dickmans
- Unità Operativa di Medicina Interna, Ospedale di Budrio (Bologna), Department of Internal Medicine, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - B Facchini
- Unità Operativa di Medicina Interna, Ospedale di Budrio (Bologna), Department of Internal Medicine, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - R Moretti
- Unità Operativa di Medicina Interna, Ospedale di Budrio (Bologna), Department of Internal Medicine, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - S Parini
- Unità Operativa di Medicina Interna, Ospedale di Budrio (Bologna), Department of Internal Medicine, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - M Testi
- Unità Operativa di Medicina Interna, Ospedale di Budrio (Bologna), Department of Internal Medicine, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - A Zamboni
- Unità Operativa di Medicina Interna, Ospedale di Budrio (Bologna), Department of Internal Medicine, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - A Cuppini
- Unità Operativa di Medicina Interna, Ospedale di Budrio (Bologna), Department of Internal Medicine, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - L Pisani
- Terapia Intensiva Pneumologia S. Orsola, Azienda Ospedaliera Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, Department of Specialist, Diagnostic, and Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - S Nava
- Terapia Intensiva Pneumologia S. Orsola, Azienda Ospedaliera Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, Department of Specialist, Diagnostic, and Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Dusi F, Fiume A, Saiani F, Cavallin A, Prandelli G, Maddalo M, Pinardi C, Moretti R. Local implementation of TSEI: Physical aspects. Phys Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2016.01.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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41
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Pinardi C, Ambrosi C, Maddalo M, Dusi F, Duina A, Mascaro L, Gasparotti R, Moretti R. The importance of performing an accurate images preprocessing in MR diffusion analysis. Phys Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2016.01.458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Moretti R, Zanin A, Pansiot J, Spiri D, Manganozzi L, Kratzer I, Favero G, Vasiljevic A, Rinaldi V, Pic I, Massano D, D’agostino I, Baburamani A, La Rocca M, Rodella L, Rezzani R, Ek J, Strazielle N, Ghersi-Egea JF, Gressens P, Titomanlio L. Corrigendum to “Melatonin reduces excitotoxic blood–brain barrier breakdown in neonatal rats” [Neuroscience 311 (2015) 382–397]. Neuroscience 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Spreafico S, Cozzaglio C, Mascaro L, Toraci C, Maddalo M, Spiazzi L, Buglione M, Magrini S, Moretti R. An in-house software to create synthetic-CT based on MRI. Phys Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2016.01.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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44
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Ghedi B, Spiazzi L, Cavagnini R, Pasinetti N, Costa L, Pegurri L, Moretti R. Active breathing control (ABC) applied to left breast cancer (LBC): Dosimetric results after 50 patients at Spedali Civili of Brescia. Phys Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2016.01.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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45
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Volonghi P, Mascaro L, Spiazzi L, Rizzo G, Moretti R. Accuracy comparison of two different optimization algorithms for direct bi-exponential analysis of IVIM MRI images. Phys Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2016.01.462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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46
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Atyame CM, Labbé P, Lebon C, Weill M, Moretti R, Marini F, Gouagna LC, Calvitti M, Tortosa P. Comparison of Irradiation and Wolbachia Based Approaches for Sterile-Male Strategies Targeting Aedes albopictus. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146834. [PMID: 26765951 PMCID: PMC4713058 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The global expansion of Aedes albopictus together with the absence of vaccines for most of the arboviruses transmitted by this mosquito has stimulated the development of sterile-male strategies aiming at controlling disease transmission through the suppression of natural vector populations. In this context, two environmentally friendly control strategies, namely the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) and the Wolbachia-based Incompatible Insect Technique (IIT) are currently being developed in several laboratories worldwide. So far however, there is a lack of comparative assessment of these strategies under the same controlled conditions. Here, we compared the mating capacities, i.e. insemination capacity, sterilization capacity and mating competitiveness of irradiated (35 Gy) and incompatible Ae. albopictus males at different ages and ratios under laboratory controlled conditions. Our data show that there was no significant difference in insemination capacity of irradiated and incompatible males, both male types showing lower capacities than untreated males at 1 day but recovering full capacity within 5 days following emergence. Regarding mating competitiveness trials, a global observed trend is that incompatible males tend to induce a lower hatching rate than irradiated males in cage controlled confrontations. More specifically, incompatible males were found more competitive than irradiated males in 5:1 ratio regardless of age, while irradiated males were only found more competitive than incompatible males in the 1:1 ratio at 10 days old. Overall, under the tested conditions, IIT seemed to be slightly more effective than SIT. However, considering that a single strategy will likely not be adapted to all environments, our data stimulates the need for comparative assessments of distinct strategies in up-scaled conditions in order to identify the most suitable and safe sterilizing technology to be implemented in a specific environmental setting and to identify the parameters requiring fine tuning in order to reach optimal release conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Célestine M. Atyame
- CRVOI, Ste Clotilde, Plateforme de Recherche CYROI, Réunion Island, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche «Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (UMR PIMIT)», INSERM 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, Université de La Réunion. Plateforme de Recherche CYROI. Ste Clotilde, Réunion Island, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Pierrick Labbé
- CNRS, IRD, ISEM - UMR 5554, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Cyrille Lebon
- CRVOI, Ste Clotilde, Plateforme de Recherche CYROI, Réunion Island, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche MIVEGEC (IRD 224, CNRS 5290, UM1-UM2), Montpellier, France
| | - Mylène Weill
- CNRS, IRD, ISEM - UMR 5554, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Riccardo Moretti
- ENEA, CR Casaccia, Biotecnologies and Agro-industry Division, Roma, Italy
| | - Francesca Marini
- ENEA, CR Casaccia, Biotecnologies and Agro-industry Division, Roma, Italy
| | - Louis Clément Gouagna
- CRVOI, Ste Clotilde, Plateforme de Recherche CYROI, Réunion Island, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche MIVEGEC (IRD 224, CNRS 5290, UM1-UM2), Montpellier, France
| | - Maurizio Calvitti
- ENEA, CR Casaccia, Biotecnologies and Agro-industry Division, Roma, Italy
| | - Pablo Tortosa
- CRVOI, Ste Clotilde, Plateforme de Recherche CYROI, Réunion Island, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche «Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (UMR PIMIT)», INSERM 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, Université de La Réunion. Plateforme de Recherche CYROI. Ste Clotilde, Réunion Island, France
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Leger P, Bonnin P, Moretti R, Tanaka S, Duranteau J, Renolleau S, Baud O, Charriaut-Marlangue C. Early Recruitment of Cerebral Microcirculation by Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition in a Juvenile Ischemic Rat Model. Cerebrovasc Dis 2015; 41:40-9. [DOI: 10.1159/000441663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The development of collateral circulation is proposed as an inherent compensatory mechanism to restore impaired blood perfusion after ischemia, at least in the penumbra. We have studied the dynamic macro- and microcirculation after ischemia-reperfusion in the juvenile rat brain and evaluated the impact of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) inhibition on the collateral flow. Methods: Fourteen-day-old (P14) rats were subjected to ischemia-reperfusion and treated with either PBS or 7-nitroindazole (7-NI, an nNOS inhibitor, 25 mg/kg). Arterial blood flow (BF) was measured using 2D-color-coded pulsed ultrasound imaging. Laser speckle contrast (LSC) imaging and sidestream dark-field videomicroscopy were used to measure cortical and microvascular BF, respectively. Results: In basal conditions, 7-NI reduced BF in the internal carotids (by ∼25%) and cortical (by ∼30%) BF, as compared to PBS. During ischemia, the increased mean BF velocity in the basilar trunk after both PBS and 7-NI demonstrated the establishment of collateral support and patency. Upon re-flow, BF immediately recovered to basal values in the internal carotid arteries under both conditions. The 7-NI group showed increased collateral flow in the penumbral tissue during early re-flow compared to PBS, as shown with both LSC imaging and side-stream dark-field videomicroscopy. The proportion of perfused capillaries was significantly increased under 7-NI as compared to PBS when given before ischemia (67.0 ± 3.9 vs. 46.8 ± 8.8, p < 0.01). Perfused capillaries (63.1 ± 17.7 vs. 81.1 ± 20.7, p < 0.001) and the BF index (2.4 ± 0.6 vs. 1.3 ± 0.1, p < 0.001) significantly increased under 7-NI given at the re-flow onset. Conclusions: Collateral support in the penumbra is initiated during ischemia, and may be increased during early re-flow by neuronal NOS inhibition (given in pre- and post-treatment), which may preserve brain tissue in juvenile rats.
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Moretti R, Zanin A, Pansiot J, Spiri D, Manganozzi L, Kratzer I, Favero G, Vasiljevic A, Rinaldi VE, Pic I, Massano D, D'Agostino I, Baburamani A, La Rocca MA, Rodella LF, Rezzani R, Ek J, Strazielle N, Ghersi-Egea JF, Gressens P, Titomanlio L. Melatonin reduces excitotoxic blood-brain barrier breakdown in neonatal rats. Neuroscience 2015; 311:382-97. [PMID: 26542996 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a complex structure that protects the central nervous system from peripheral insults. Understanding the molecular basis of BBB function and dysfunction holds significant potential for future strategies to prevent and treat neurological damage. The aim of our study was (1) to investigate BBB alterations following excitotoxicity and (2) to test the protective properties of melatonin. Ibotenate, a glutamate analog, was injected intracerebrally in postnatal day 5 (P5) rat pups to mimic excitotoxic injury. Animals were than randomly divided into two groups, one receiving intraperitoneal (i.p.) melatonin injections (5mg/kg), and the other phosphate buffer saline (PBS) injections. Pups were sacrificed 2, 4 and 18 h after ibotenate injection. We determined lesion size at 5 days by histology, the location and organization of tight junction (TJ) proteins by immunohistochemical studies, and BBB leakage by dextran extravasation. Expression levels of BBB genes (TJs, efflux transporters and detoxification enzymes) were determined in the cortex and choroid plexus by quantitative PCR. Dextran extravasation was seen 2h after the insult, suggesting a rapid BBB breakdown that was resolved by 4h. Extravasation was significantly reduced in melatonin-treated pups. Gene expression and immunohistochemical assays showed dynamic BBB modifications during the first 4h, partially prevented by melatonin. Lesion-size measurements confirmed white matter neuroprotection by melatonin. Our study is the first to evaluate BBB structure and function at a very early time point following excitotoxicity in neonates. Melatonin neuroprotects by preventing TJ modifications and BBB disruption at this early phase, before its previously demonstrated anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and axonal regrowth-promoting effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Moretti
- Pediatric Emergency Department, APHP, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris, France; Inserm, U1141, Paris, France; Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 1141, Paris, France; PremUP, Paris, France; Università degli studi di Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - A Zanin
- Inserm, U1141, Paris, France; Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 1141, Paris, France; PremUP, Paris, France
| | - J Pansiot
- Inserm, U1141, Paris, France; Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 1141, Paris, France; PremUP, Paris, France
| | - D Spiri
- Inserm, U1141, Paris, France; Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 1141, Paris, France; PremUP, Paris, France
| | - L Manganozzi
- Inserm, U1141, Paris, France; Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 1141, Paris, France; PremUP, Paris, France
| | - I Kratzer
- Lyon Neurosciences Research Center, Inserm U1028, CNRS UMR5292 - Lyon University, Lyon, France
| | - G Favero
- Section of Anatomy and Physiopathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - A Vasiljevic
- Lyon Neurosciences Research Center, Inserm U1028, CNRS UMR5292 - Lyon University, Lyon, France
| | - V E Rinaldi
- Inserm, U1141, Paris, France; Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 1141, Paris, France; PremUP, Paris, France
| | - I Pic
- Inserm, U1141, Paris, France; Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 1141, Paris, France; PremUP, Paris, France
| | - D Massano
- Inserm, U1141, Paris, France; Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 1141, Paris, France; PremUP, Paris, France
| | - I D'Agostino
- Inserm, U1141, Paris, France; Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 1141, Paris, France; PremUP, Paris, France
| | - A Baburamani
- Perinatal Center, Dept Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - M A La Rocca
- Inserm, U1141, Paris, France; Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 1141, Paris, France; PremUP, Paris, France
| | - L F Rodella
- Section of Anatomy and Physiopathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - R Rezzani
- Section of Anatomy and Physiopathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - J Ek
- Perinatal Center, Dept Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - N Strazielle
- Lyon Neurosciences Research Center, Inserm U1028, CNRS UMR5292 - Lyon University, Lyon, France; Brain-i, Lyon, France
| | - J-F Ghersi-Egea
- Lyon Neurosciences Research Center, Inserm U1028, CNRS UMR5292 - Lyon University, Lyon, France
| | - P Gressens
- Inserm, U1141, Paris, France; Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 1141, Paris, France; PremUP, Paris, France; Centre for the Developing Brain, Department of Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - L Titomanlio
- Pediatric Emergency Department, APHP, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris, France; Inserm, U1141, Paris, France; Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 1141, Paris, France; PremUP, Paris, France.
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Dritsou V, Topalis P, Windbichler N, Simoni A, Hall A, Lawson D, Hinsley M, Hughes D, Napolioni V, Crucianelli F, Deligianni E, Gasperi G, Gomulski LM, Savini G, Manni M, Scolari F, Malacrida AR, Arcà B, Ribeiro JM, Lombardo F, Saccone G, Salvemini M, Moretti R, Aprea G, Calvitti M, Picciolini M, Papathanos PA, Spaccapelo R, Favia G, Crisanti A, Louis C. A draft genome sequence of an invasive mosquito: an Italian Aedes albopictus. Pathog Glob Health 2015; 109:207-20. [PMID: 26369436 PMCID: PMC4727573 DOI: 10.1179/2047773215y.0000000031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The draft genome sequence of Italian specimens of the Asian tiger mosquito Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) was determined using a standard NGS (next generation sequencing) approach. The size of the assembled genome is comparable to that of Aedes aegypti; the two mosquitoes are also similar as far as the high content of repetitive DNA is concerned, most of which is made up of transposable elements. Although, based on BUSCO (Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologues) analysis, the genome assembly reported here contains more than 99% of protein-coding genes, several of those are expected to be represented in the assembly in a fragmented state. We also present here the annotation of several families of genes (tRNA genes, miRNA genes, the sialome, genes involved in chromatin condensation, sex determination genes, odorant binding proteins and odorant receptors). These analyses confirm that the assembly can be used for the study of the biology of this invasive vector of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicky Dritsou
- Polo d'Innovazione di Genomica, Genetica e Biologia (Polo GGB), Loc. S. Andrea delle Fratte, Perugia, Italy
| | - Pantelis Topalis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Nikolai Windbichler
- Imperial College London Department of Life Sciences, South Kensington Campus, UK
| | - Alekos Simoni
- Imperial College London Department of Life Sciences, South Kensington Campus, UK
| | - Ann Hall
- Imperial College London Department of Life Sciences, South Kensington Campus, UK
| | - Daniel Lawson
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genomes Campus, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Malcolm Hinsley
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genomes Campus, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Daniel Hughes
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genomes Campus, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Valerio Napolioni
- Polo d'Innovazione di Genomica, Genetica e Biologia (Polo GGB), Loc. S. Andrea delle Fratte, Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesca Crucianelli
- Polo d'Innovazione di Genomica, Genetica e Biologia (Polo GGB), Loc. S. Andrea delle Fratte, Perugia, Italy
| | - Elena Deligianni
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Giuliano Gasperi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology University of Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Grazia Savini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology University of Pavia, Italy
| | - Mosè Manni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology University of Pavia, Italy
| | | | | | - Bruno Arcà
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases – Division of Parasitology Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - José M. Ribeiro
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Fabrizio Lombardo
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases – Division of Parasitology Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | | | - Marco Salvemini
- Department of Biology University of Naples Federico II, Italy
| | - Riccardo Moretti
- ENEA – Italian National Agency for New Technologies Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, CR Casaccia, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Aprea
- ENEA – Italian National Agency for New Technologies Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, CR Casaccia, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Calvitti
- ENEA – Italian National Agency for New Technologies Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, CR Casaccia, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Picciolini
- Polo d'Innovazione di Genomica, Genetica e Biologia (Polo GGB), Loc. S. Andrea delle Fratte, Perugia, Italy
| | | | | | - Guido Favia
- Scuola di Bioscienze e Medicina Veterinaria, University of Camerino, Italy
| | | | - Christos Louis
- Correspondence to: Christos Louis, IMBB-FORTH, N. Plastira 100, Vassilika Vouton, GR-700 13 Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
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Borghetti P, Buglione M, Cavagnini R, Alghisi A, Baushi L, Spiazzi L, Cozzaglio C, Polonini A, Moretti R, Caraffini B, Barbera F, Magrini S. PO-0733: Postoperative radiotherapy prostate cancer: survival, toxicity and use of an in house analysis system (PRODVH). Radiother Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)40725-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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