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Huang S, Joshi A, Shi Z, Wei J, Tran H, Zheng SL, Duggan D, Ashworth A, Billings L, Helfand BT, Qamar A, Bulwa Z, Tafur A, Xu J. Combined polygenic scores for ischemic stroke risk factors aid risk assessment of ischemic stroke. Int J Cardiol 2024; 404:131990. [PMID: 38521508 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.131990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current risk assessment for ischemic stroke (IS) is limited to clinical variables. We hypothesize that polygenic scores (PGS) of IS (PGSIS) and IS-associated diseases such as atrial fibrillation (AF), venous thromboembolism (VTE), coronary artery disease (CAD), hypertension (HTN), and Type 2 diabetes (T2D) may improve the performance of IS risk assessment. METHODS Incident IS was followed for 479,476 participants in the UK Biobank who did not have an IS diagnosis prior to the recruitment. Lifestyle variables (obesity, smoking and alcohol) at the time of study recruitment, clinical diagnoses of IS-associated diseases, PGSIS, and five PGSs for IS-associated diseases were tested using the Cox proportional-hazards model. Predictive performance was assessed using the C-statistic and net reclassification index (NRI). RESULTS During a median average 12.5-year follow-up, 8374 subjects were diagnosed with IS. Known clinical variables (age, gender, clinical diagnoses of IS-associated diseases, obesity, and smoking) and PGSIS were all independently associated with IS (P < 0.001). In addition, PGSIS and each PGS for IS-associated diseases was also independently associated with IS (P < 0.001). Compared to the clinical model, a joint clinical/PGS model improved the C-statistic for predicting IS from 0.71 to 0.73 (P < 0.001) and significantly reclassified IS risk (NRI = 0.017, P < 0.001), and 6.48% of subjects were upgraded from low to high risk. CONCLUSIONS Adding PGSs of IS and IS-associated diseases to known clinical risk factors statistically improved risk assessment for IS, demonstrating the supplementary value of inherited susceptibility measurement . However, its clinical utility is likely limited due to modest improvements in predictive values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Huang
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Abhishek Joshi
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Zhuqing Shi
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Jun Wei
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Huy Tran
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - S Lilly Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - David Duggan
- Affiliate of City of Hope, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Annabelle Ashworth
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Liana Billings
- Department of Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA; University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Brian T Helfand
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA; University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Arman Qamar
- Cardiovascular Institute, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Zachary Bulwa
- Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Alfonso Tafur
- Cardiovascular Institute, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA; University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Huang HJ, Wang C, Fan DG, He YH, Chen X, Zheng SL. [NTRK-rearranged uterine sarcoma: a clinicopathological analysis of seven cases]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2024; 53:189-191. [PMID: 38281791 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20230728-00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- H J Huang
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Provencal Hospital, Provincial Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - C Wang
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Provencal Hospital, Provincial Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - D G Fan
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Y H He
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Provencal Hospital, Provincial Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - X Chen
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Provencal Hospital, Provincial Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - S L Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Taijiang Hospital of Fuzhou, Fuzhou 350001, China
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Billings LK, Shi Z, Wei J, Rifkin AS, Zheng SL, Helfand BT, Ilbawi N, Dunnenberger HM, Hulick PJ, Qamar A, Xu J. Utility of Polygenic Scores for Differentiating Diabetes Diagnosis Among Patients With Atypical Phenotypes of Diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 109:107-113. [PMID: 37560999 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Misclassification of diabetes type occurs in people with atypical presentations of type 1 diabetes (T1D) or type 2 diabetes (T2D). Although current clinical guidelines suggest clinical variables and treatment response as ways to help differentiate diabetes type, they remain insufficient for people with atypical presentations. OBJECTIVE This work aimed to assess the clinical utility of 2 polygenic scores (PGSs) in differentiating between T1D and T2D. METHODS Patients diagnosed with diabetes in the UK Biobank were studied (N = 41 787), including 464 (1%) and 15 923 (38%) who met the criteria for classic T1D and T2D, respectively, and 25 400 (61%) atypical diabetes. The validity of 2 published PGSs for T1D (PGST1D) and T2D (PGST2D) in differentiating classic T1D or T2D was assessed using C statistic. The utility of genetic probability for T1D based on PGSs (GenProb-T1D) was evaluated in atypical diabetes patients. RESULTS The joint performance of PGST1D and PGST2D for differentiating classic T1D or T2D was outstanding (C statistic = 0.91), significantly higher than that of PGST1D alone (0.88) and PGST2D alone (0.70), both P less than .001. Using an optimal cutoff of GenProb-T1D, 23% of patients with atypical diabetes had a higher probability of T1D and its validity was independently supported by clinical presentations that are characteristic of T1D. CONCLUSION PGST1D and PGST2D can be used to discriminate classic T1D and T2D and have potential clinical utility for differentiating these 2 types of diseases among patients with atypical diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana K Billings
- Department of Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL 60201, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Zhuqing Shi
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL 60201, USA
| | - Jun Wei
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL 60201, USA
| | - Andrew S Rifkin
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL 60201, USA
| | - S Lilly Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL 60201, USA
| | - Brian T Helfand
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL 60201, USA
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL 60201, USA
| | - Nadim Ilbawi
- Department of Family Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL 60201, USA
| | - Henry M Dunnenberger
- Neaman Center for Personalized Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL 60201, USA
| | - Peter J Hulick
- Neaman Center for Personalized Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL 60201, USA
| | - Arman Qamar
- Department of Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL 60201, USA
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Department of Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL 60201, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL 60201, USA
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Zhuang XP, Huang HJ, Chen X, Zheng SL, Li BC, Sun H. [Primary pulmonary NUT carcinoma: a clinicopathological analysis of seven cases]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2023; 52:1244-1248. [PMID: 38058041 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20230912-00165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of primary pulmonary NUT carcinoma. Methods: A total of 7 cases of primary pulmonary NUT carcinoma were collected from Fujian Provincial Hospital (n=5), Fuzhou Taijiang Hospital (n=1) and Binzhou City People's Hospital of Shandong Province (n=1) from January 2021 to April 2023. The clinical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical features were analyzed, and NUT rearrangement were detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with break-apart probes. Results: Seven cases were all male with age ranging from 32 to 73 years. The main clinical manifestations were cough, expectoration and chest tightness. Microscopically, NUT carcinoma was composed of monotonous proliferation of primitive-appearing small-to-medium round cells, with few eosinophilic cytoplasm, arranged in solid sheets, nests or clusters. Abrupt keratinization was typically observed in 4 cases (4/7), with high mitotic activities and necrosis. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) showed that the tumors were positive for NUT (7/7), CK7 (4/4), CK5/6 (5/6), p40 (6/7). Ki-67 index were 30%-80%. NUT gene segregation (7/7) was detected by FISH break probes. Conclusions: Primary pulmonary NUT carcinoma is rare and highly malignant. Diagnosis depends on histopathology and IHC, with molecular detection as an adjunct for diagnosis. Pathologists should be aware of the clinicopathological characteristics to avoid misdiagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- X P Zhuang
- Department of Pathology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University/Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - H J Huang
- Department of Pathology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University/Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - X Chen
- Department of Pathology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University/Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - S L Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Fuzhou Taijiang Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - B C Li
- Department of Pathology, Binzhou City People's Hospital of Shandong Province, Binzhou 256610, China
| | - H Sun
- Department of Pathology, Xiapu Hospital of Fujian Province, Ningde 355100, China
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Zhang Y, Yang M, Yang Y, Zheng SL, Cai Y, Xia P, Chen WW, Chen BC, Yang YR. Corrigendum to 'Thalidomide Attenuates Graft Arteriosclerosis of Aortic Transplant in a Rat Model'. Transplant Proc 2023; 55:1763-1764. [PMID: 35431095 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2022.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhang
- Transplantation Center, The First Affiliate Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - M Yang
- Transplantation Center, The First Affiliate Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Y Yang
- Transplantation Center, The First Affiliate Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - S L Zheng
- Transplantation Center, The First Affiliate Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Y Cai
- Transplantation Center, The First Affiliate Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - P Xia
- Transplantation Center, The First Affiliate Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - W W Chen
- Transplantation Center, The First Affiliate Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - B C Chen
- Transplantation Center, The First Affiliate Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China..
| | - Y R Yang
- Transplantation Center, The First Affiliate Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Shi Z, Wei J, Rifkin AS, Wang CH, Billings LK, Woo JSH, Talamonti MS, Vogel TJ, Moore E, Brockstein BE, Khandekar JD, Dunnenberger HM, Hulick PJ, Duggan D, Zheng SL, Lee CJ, Helfand BT, Tafur AJ, Xu J. Cancer-associated thrombosis by cancer sites and inherited factors in a prospective population-based cohort. Thromb Res 2023; 229:69-72. [PMID: 37419004 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2023.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT) is common and associated with mortality. We estimated CAT rate by cancer sites and inherited factors among cancer patients from the UK Biobank (N =70,406). The 12-month CAT rate after cancer diagnosis was 2.37% overall but varied considerably among cancer sites. Among the 10 cancer sites classified as 'high-risk' of CAT by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines, 6 had CAT rate <5%. In contrast, 5 cancer sites classified as 'average-risk' by the guidelines had CAT rate >5%. For inherited risk factors, both known mutation carriers in two genes (F5/F2) and polygenic score for venous thromboembolism (VTE) (PGSVTE) were independently associated with increased CAT risk. While F5/F2 identified 6% patients with high genetic-risk for CAT, adding PGSVTE identified 13 % patients at equivalent/higher genetic-risk to CAT than that of F5/F2 mutations. Findings from this large prospective study, if confirmed, provide critical data to update guidelines for CAT risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuqing Shi
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Jun Wei
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Andrew S Rifkin
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Chi-Hsiung Wang
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Liana K Billings
- Department of Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA; University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jonathan S H Woo
- Division of Hospital Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Mark S Talamonti
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | | | - Elena Moore
- Kellogg Cancer Center, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Bruce E Brockstein
- Kellogg Cancer Center, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Janardan D Khandekar
- Kellogg Cancer Center, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA; Neaman Center for Personalized Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Henry M Dunnenberger
- Neaman Center for Personalized Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Peter J Hulick
- Department of Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA; Neaman Center for Personalized Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - David Duggan
- Affiliate of City of Hope, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - S Lilly Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Cheong Jun Lee
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Brian T Helfand
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA; University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Alfonso J Tafur
- Cardiovascular Institute, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA.
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA; University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA; Neaman Center for Personalized Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA.
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Huang HJ, Zhang JY, Chen XY, Zheng SL. [Malignant solitary fibrous tumor with osteosarcoma components: a clinocopathological analysis of two cases]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2023; 52:844-846. [PMID: 37527992 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20230209-00109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H J Huang
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Provincial Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - J Y Zhang
- The School of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - X Y Chen
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Provincial Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - S L Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Fuzhou Taijiang Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
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Hulsizer J, Rifkin AS, Shi Z, Wei J, Zheng SL, Helfand BT, Morgan J, Ouyang DW, Caplan MS, Xu J. Association of sickle cell trait with adverse pregnancy outcomes in a population-based cohort. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2023. [PMID: 37358249 PMCID: PMC10378004 DOI: 10.1111/aogs.14622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sickle cell trait (SCT) is common in African descendants. Its association with several adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) has been reported but remains inconsistent. The objectives of this study are to test associations of SCT with APOs in non-Hispanic Black women, including (1) validate the associations of SCT with previously reported APOs, (2) test novel associations of SCT with broad spectrum of APOs, and (3) estimate the attributable risk of SCT for implicated APOs. MATERIAL AND METHODS This is a retrospective analysis of a prospectively designed population-based cohort. Subjects were self-reported non-Hispanic Black women from the UK Biobank (UKB). SCT status was determined based on heterozygous Glu6Val in the HBB gene. Several APOs were studied, including four previously reported SCT-associated APOs (preeclampsia, bacteriuria, pregnancy loss, and preterm delivery), and broad conditions related to pregnancy, childbirth, and the puerperium. APOs were curated by experts' peer review and consensus processes. Associations of SCT with APOs were tested by estimating its relative risk and 95% confidence interval (95% CI), adjusting for number of live births and age at first birth. Attributable risk proportion (ARP) and population attributable risk proportion (PARP) of SCT to APOs were estimated. RESULTS Among the 4057 self-reported non-Hispanic Black women with pregnancy records in the UKB, 581 (14.32%) were SCT carriers. For four previously reported SCT-associated APOs, two were confirmed at a nominal P < 0.05; relative risk (RR) was 2.39 (95% CI 1.09-5.23) for preeclampsia, and 4.85 (95% CI 1.77-13.27) for bacteriuria. SCT contributed substantially to these two APOs among SCT carriers, with attributable risk proportion estimated at 61.00% and 68.96% for preeclampsia and bacteriuria, respectively. SCT also contributed substantially to these two APOs in the population (self-reported Black UK women), with population attributable risk proportion estimated at 18.30% and 24.14% for preeclampsia and bacteriuria, respectively. In addition, novel associations were found for seven other APOs (nominal P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS SCT is significantly associated with APOs in this study and contributes substantially to APOs among self-reported Black women in the UK. Confirmation of these findings in independent study populations is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Hulsizer
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Andrew S Rifkin
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Zhuqing Shi
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Jun Wei
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - S Lilly Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Brian T Helfand
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jessica Morgan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - David W Ouyang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Michael S Caplan
- Department of Pediatrics, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Patel S, Wei J, Shi Z, Rifkin AS, Zheng SL, Gelfman E, Duggan D, Helfand BT, Hulick PJ, Xu J. Refining Risk for Alzheimer's Disease Among Heterozygous APOEɛ4 Carriers. J Alzheimers Dis 2023:JAD230156. [PMID: 37334598 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
In a large population-based cohort, we show not all heterozygous APOEɛ4 carriers are at increased risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD); a significantly higher AD proportion was only found for ɛ3/ɛ4, not ɛ2/ɛ4. Among ɛ3/ɛ4 carriers (24% in the cohort), the AD proportion differed considerably by polygenic risk score (PRS). In particular, the AD proportion was lower than the entire cohort for subjects in the bottom 20-percentile PRS and was higher than that of homozygous ɛ4 carriers for subjects at the top 5th-percentile PRS. Family history was no longer a significant predictor of AD risk after adjusting APOE and PRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smita Patel
- Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Jun Wei
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Zhuqing Shi
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Andrew S Rifkin
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - S Lilly Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | | | - David Duggan
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Part of City of Hope, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Brian T Helfand
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
- University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Peter J Hulick
- Neaman Center for Personalized Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
- University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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Wei J, Beebe-Dimmer J, Shi Z, Sample C, Yan G, Rifkin AS, Sadeghpour A, Gielzak M, Choi S, Moon D, Zheng SL, Helfand BT, Walsh PC, Xu J, Cooney KA, Isaacs WB. Association of rare, recurrent nonsynonymous variants in the germline of prostate cancer patients of African ancestry. Prostate 2023; 83:454-461. [PMID: 36567534 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although men of African ancestry (AA) have the highest mortality rate from prostate cancer (PCa), relatively little is known about the germline variants that are associated with PCa risk in AA men. The goal of this study is to systematically evaluate rare, recurrent nonsynonymous variants across the exome for their association with PCa in AA men. METHODS Whole exome sequencing (WES) of germline DNA in two AA PCa patient cohorts of Johns Hopkins Hospital (N = 960) and Wayne State University (N = 747) was performed. All nonsynonymous variants present in both case cohorts, with a carrier rate between 0.5% and 1%, were identified. Their carrier rates were compared with rates from 8128 African/African American (AFR) control subjects from The Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD) using Fisher's exact test. Significant variants, defined as false discovery rate (FDR) adjusted p-value ≤ 0.05, were further evaluated in AA PCa cases (N = 132) and controls (N = 1184) from the UK Biobank (UKB). RESULTS Two variants reached a pre-specified statistical significance level. The first was p.R14Q in GPRC5C (found in 0.47% of PCa cases and 0.01% of population controls); odds ratio (OR) for PCa was 37.46 (95% confidence interval CI 4.68-299.72), pexact = 7.01E-06, FDR-adjusted p-value = 0.05. The second was p.R511Q in IGF1R (found in 0.53% of PCa cases and 0.01% of population controls); OR for PCa was 21.54 (95%CI 4.65-99.76), pexact = 5.51E-06, FDR-adjusted p-value = 0.05. The mean percentage of African ancestry was similar between variant carriers and noncarriers of each variant, p > 0.05. In the UKB AA men, GPRC5C R14Q was 0.76% and 0.08% in cases and controls, respectively, OR for PCa was 9.00 (95%CI 0.56-145.23), pexact = 0.19. However, IGF1R R511Q was not found in cases or controls. CONCLUSIONS This WES study identified two rare, recurrent nonsynonymous PCa risk-associated variants in AA. Confirmation in additional large populations of AA PCa cases and controls is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wei
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Jennifer Beebe-Dimmer
- Barabara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Zhuqing Shi
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Christopher Sample
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine and Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Guifang Yan
- Department of Urology, The Brady Urological Institute, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrew S Rifkin
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Azita Sadeghpour
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine and Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Marta Gielzak
- Department of Urology, The Brady Urological Institute, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sodam Choi
- Department of Urology, The Brady Urological Institute, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - David Moon
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine and Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - S Lilly Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Brian T Helfand
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Patrick C Walsh
- Department of Urology, The Brady Urological Institute, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Kathleen A Cooney
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine and Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - William B Isaacs
- Department of Urology, The Brady Urological Institute, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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11
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Mian A, Wei J, Shi Z, Rifkin AS, Zheng SL, Glaser AP, Kearns JT, Helfand BT, Xu J. Systematic review of reported association studies of monogenic genes and bladder cancer risk and confirmation analysis in a large population cohort. BJUI Compass 2023; 4:156-163. [PMID: 36816149 PMCID: PMC9931534 DOI: 10.1002/bco2.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To evaluate which of previously reported monogenic genes are associated with increased bladder cancer risk, we reviewed published papers on associations of genes and bladder cancer risk and performed a confirmation study of these genes in a large population-based cohort. Subjects and methods A systematic review of published papers prior to June 2022 was performed first to identify all genes where germline mutations were associated with bladder cancer risk. The associations of these candidate genes with bladder cancer risk were then tested among 1695 bladder cancer cases and 186 271 controls in the UK Biobank (UKB). The robust SKAT-O, a gene-based analysis that properly controls for type I error rates due to unbalanced case-control ratio, was used for association tests adjusting for age at recruitment, gender, smoking status, and genetic background. Results The systematic review identified nine genes that were significantly associated with bladder cancer risk in at least one study (p < 0.05), including MUTYH, MSH2, MSH6, MLH1, ATM, BRCA2, ERCC5, TGFB1 and CHEK2. When pathogenic/likely pathogenic mutations were aggregated within each gene, the association was confirmed for three genes in the UKB at p < 0.0056 (Bonferroni correction for nine tests), including CHEK2, ATM and BRCA2, all also known to be associated with hereditary breast cancer. Suggestive evidence of association was found for two other genes, including MLH1 (p = 0.006) and MSH2 (p = 0.007), both known to be associated with Lynch syndrome. Among these five genes, the bladder cancer risks range from 1.60 (ATM) to 4.88 (MLH1), and mutation carrier rates in cases range from 0.06% (MSH2) to 2.01% (CHEK2). Conclusion This study provides statistical evidence for association of previously reported genes and bladder cancer risk and has clinical utility for risk assessment and genetic counselling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abrar Mian
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care NorthShore University HealthSystem Evanston Illinois USA.,Midwestern University Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine Downers Grove Illinois
| | - Jun Wei
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care NorthShore University HealthSystem Evanston Illinois USA
| | - Zhuqing Shi
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care NorthShore University HealthSystem Evanston Illinois USA
| | - Andrew S Rifkin
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care NorthShore University HealthSystem Evanston Illinois USA
| | - S Lilly Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care NorthShore University HealthSystem Evanston Illinois USA
| | - Alexander P Glaser
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care NorthShore University HealthSystem Evanston Illinois USA.,Department of Surgery NorthShore University HealthSystem Evanston Illinois USA
| | - James T Kearns
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care NorthShore University HealthSystem Evanston Illinois USA.,Department of Surgery NorthShore University HealthSystem Evanston Illinois USA
| | - Brian T Helfand
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care NorthShore University HealthSystem Evanston Illinois USA.,Department of Surgery NorthShore University HealthSystem Evanston Illinois USA
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care NorthShore University HealthSystem Evanston Illinois USA.,Department of Surgery NorthShore University HealthSystem Evanston Illinois USA.,Department of Surgery University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine Chicago Illinois USA
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12
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McElligott B, Shi Z, Rifkin AS, Wei J, Zheng SL, Helfand BT, Woo JSH, Xu J. Assessing the performance of genetic risk score for stratifying risk of post-sepsis cardiovascular complications. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1076745. [PMID: 36926049 PMCID: PMC10011112 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1076745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with sepsis are at increased risk for cardiovascular complications, including myocardial infarction (MI), ischemic stroke (IS), and venous thromboembolism (VTE). Our objective is to assess whether genetic risk score (GRS) can differentiate risk for these complications. Methods A population-based prospective cohort of 483,177 subjects, derived from the UK Biobank, was followed for diagnosis of sepsis and its complications (MI, IS, and VTE) after the study recruitment. GRS for each complication was calculated based on established risk-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Time to incident MI, IS, and VTE was compared between subjects with or without sepsis and GRS risk groups using Kaplan-Meier log-rank test and Cox-regression analysis. Results During an average of 12.6 years of follow-up, 10,757 (2.23%) developed sepsis. Patients with sepsis had an overall higher risk than non-sepsis subjects for each complication, but the risk differed by time after a sepsis diagnosis; exceedingly high in short-term (0-30 days), considerably high in mid-term (31 days to 2 years), and reduced in long-term (>2 years). Furthermore, in White subjects, GRS was a significant predictor of complications, independent of sepsis and other risk factors. For example, GRSMI further differentiated their risk in patients with sepsis; 3.49, 4.73, and 9.03% in those with low- (<0.5), intermediate- (0.5-1.99), high- GRSMI (≥2.0), Ptrend < 0.001. Conclusion Risk for post-sepsis cardiovascular complications differed considerably by time after a sepsis diagnosis and GRS. These findings, if confirmed in other ancestry-specific populations, may guide personalized management for preventing post-sepsis cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian McElligott
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Zhuqing Shi
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Andrew S Rifkin
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Jun Wei
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - S Lilly Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Brian T Helfand
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States.,Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States.,Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jonathan S H Woo
- Department of Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States.,Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States.,Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.,Neaman Center for Personalized Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
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13
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Ahmed R, Shi Z, Rifkin AS, Wei J, Lilly Zheng S, Helfand BT, Hulick PJ, Qamar A, Davidson DJ, Billings LK, Xu J. Reclassification of coronary artery disease risk using genetic risk score among subjects with borderline or intermediate clinical risk. Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc 2022; 43:101136. [PMID: 36275420 PMCID: PMC9579501 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2022.101136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Razina Ahmed
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Zhuqing Shi
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Andrew S. Rifkin
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Jun Wei
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - S. Lilly Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Brian T. Helfand
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA,Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA,University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Peter J. Hulick
- Neaman Center for Personalized Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA,Department of Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Arman Qamar
- Department of Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA,Cardiovascular Institute, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - David J. Davidson
- Department of Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA,Cardiovascular Institute, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Liana K. Billings
- Department of Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA,Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA,Neaman Center for Personalized Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA,University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA,Corresponding author.
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14
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Krantz SB, Zeeshan K, Kuchta KM, Hensing TA, Mangold KA, Zheng SL, Xu J. Germline mutations in high penetrance genes are associated with worse clinical outcomes in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. JTCVS Open 2022; 12:399-409. [PMID: 36590722 PMCID: PMC9801288 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjon.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Objective To determine the frequency of pathogenic mutations in high-penetrance genes (HPGs) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and identify whether such mutations are associated with clinicopathologic outcomes. Methods Patients with NSCLC who had consented to participate in a linked clinical database and biorepository underwent germline DNA sequencing using a next-generation sequencing panel that included cancer-associated HPGs and cancer risk-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). These data were linked to the clinical database to assess for associations between germline variants and clinical phenotype using Fisher's exact test and multivariable logistic and Cox regression. Results We analyzed 151 patients, among whom 33% carried any pathogenic HPG mutation and 23% had a genetic risk score (GRS) >1.5. Among the patients without any pathogenic mutation, 31% were at cancer stage II or higher, compared with 55% of those with 2 types of HPG mutations (P = .0293); 40% of patients with both types of HPG mutations had cancer recurrence, compared with 21% of patients without both types (P = .0644). In multivariable analysis, the presence of 2 types of HPG mutations was associated with higher cancer stage (odds ratio [OR], 3.32; P = .0228), increased recurrence of primary tumor (OR, 2.93; P = .0527), shorter time to recurrence (hazard ratio [HR], 3.03; P = .0119), and decreased cancer-specific (HR, 3.53; P = .0039) and overall survival (HR, 2.44; P = .0114). Conclusions The presence of mutations in HPGs is associated with higher cancer stage, increased risk of recurrence, and worse cancer-specific and overall survival in patients with NSCLC. Further large studies are needed to better delineate the role of HPGs in cancer recurrence and the potential benefit of adjuvant treatment in patients harboring such mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth B. Krantz
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Ill,Department of Surgery, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill,Address for reprints: Seth B. Krantz, MD, NorthShore University HealthSystem, 2650 Ridge Ave, Walgreen Suite 2507, Evanston, IL 60201.
| | - Kanwal Zeeshan
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Ill
| | - Kristine M. Kuchta
- Department of Bioinformatics and Research Core, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Ill
| | - Thomas A. Hensing
- Department of Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Ill,Department of Medicine, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill
| | - Kathy A. Mangold
- Department of Pathology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Ill,Department of Pathology, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill
| | - S. Lilly Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Ill
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Department of Surgery, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill,Department of Medicine, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill
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15
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Glaser A, Shi Z, Wei J, Lanman NA, Ladson-Gary S, Vickman RE, Franco OE, Crawford SE, Lilly Zheng S, Hayward SW, Isaacs WB, Helfand BT, Xu J. Shared Inherited Genetics of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer. EUR UROL SUPPL 2022; 43:54-61. [PMID: 36353071 PMCID: PMC9638770 DOI: 10.1016/j.euros.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The association between benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa) remains controversial, largely due to a detection bias in traditional observational studies. Objective To assess the association between BPH and PCa using inherited single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Design setting and participants The participants were White men from the population-based UK Biobank (UKB). Outcome measurements and statistical analysis The association between BPH and PCa was tested for (1) phenotypic correlation using chi-square, (2) genetic correlation (r g) based on genome-wide SNPs using linkage disequilibrium score regression, and (3) cross-disease genetic associations based on known risk-associated SNPs (15 for BPH and 239 for PCa), individually and cumulatively using genetic risk score (GRS). Results and limitations Among 214 717 White men in the UKB, 24 623 (11%) and 14 311 (6.7%) had a diagnosis of BPH and PCa, respectively. Diagnoses of these two diseases were significantly correlated (χ2 = 1862.80, p < 0.001). A significant genetic correlation was found (r g = 0.16; 95% confidence interval 0.03-0.28, p = 0.01). In addition, significant cross-disease genetic associations for established risk-associated SNPs were also found. Among the 250 established genome-wide association study-significant SNPs of PCa or BPH, 49 were significantly associated with the risk of the other disease at p < 0.05, significantly more than expected by chance (N = 12, p < 0.001; χ2 test). Furthermore, significant cross-disease GRS associations were also found; GRSBPH was significantly associated with PCa risk (odds ratio [OR] = 1.26 [1.18-1.36], p < 0.001), and GRSPCa was significantly associated with BPH risk (OR = 1.03 [1.02-1.04], p < 0.001). Moreover, GRSBPH was significantly and inversely associated with lethal PCa risk in a PCa case-case analysis (OR = 0.58 [0.41-0.81], p = 0.002). Only White men were studied. Conclusions BPH and PCa share common inherited genetics, which suggests that the phenotypic association of these two diseases in observational studies is not entirely caused by the detection bias. Patient summary For the first time, we found that benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer are genetically related. This finding may have implications in disease etiology and risk stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Glaser
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Zhuqing Shi
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Jun Wei
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Nadia A. Lanman
- Collaborative Core for Cancer Bioinformatics, Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Skylar Ladson-Gary
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Renee E. Vickman
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Omar E. Franco
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Susan E. Crawford
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - S. Lilly Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Simon W. Hayward
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - William B. Isaacs
- Department of Urology and the James Buchanan Brady Urologic Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Brian T. Helfand
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Corresponding authors. 1001 University Place, Evanston, IL 60201, USA. Tel. +1 (224) 264-7501; Fax: +1 (224) 364-7675.
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Corresponding authors. 1001 University Place, Evanston, IL 60201, USA. Tel. +1 (224) 264-7501; Fax: +1 (224) 364-7675.
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16
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Huang M, Huang HQ, Xiong AB, Wang JX, Chen Q, Guo SM, Zheng SL. [Development of a risk assessment scale and test of its validity and reliability for venous thromboembolism in adult burn patients]. Zhonghua Shao Shang Yu Chuang Mian Xiu Fu Za Zhi 2022; 38:778-787. [PMID: 36058701 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501120-20210322-00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To develop a venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk assessment scale for adult burn patients and to test its reliability and validity. Methods: The scale research method and multi-center cross-sectional survey method were used. Based on the results of literature analysis method and brain-storming method, the letter questionnaire for experts was formulated. Then 27 experts (9 doctors of burn department, 9 vascular surgeons, and 9 nurses) were performed with two rounds of correspondences by Delphi method, and the reliability of the experts was analyzed. The weight of each item was determined by optimal sequence diagram method and expert importance evaluation to form the VTE Risk Assessment Scale for Adult Burn Patients. A total of 223 adult burn inpatients, who were admitted to 5 tier Ⅲ grade A general hospitals including the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong Central Hospital, and the Second People's Hospital of Yibin City from October 1st 2019 to January 1st 2020, were selected as respondents by convenience sampling method. The first assessment was performed with the VTE Risk Assessment Scale for Adult Burn Patients within 24 hours of admission of patients, and real-time assessment was performed as the patients' condition and treatment changed. The highest value was taken as the result. Correlation coefficient method and critical ratio method were used for item analysis; Cronbach's α coefficient was used to test the internal consistency of scale; content validity index was used to analyze the content validity of the scale, and receiver's operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to test the predictive validity of the scale. Data were statistically analyzed with chi-square test, Pearson correlation analysis, independent sample t test, and Z test. Results: As four questionnaires in the first round of correspondence were rejected as unqualified, and another 4 experts were selected for the 2 rounds of correspondence. Most of them were aged 41 to 50 years with postgraduate degrees, engaging in the current profession for 11 to 30 years, and all of them had professional titles of associate senior or above. The scale, constructed through literature analysis, group brainstorming, and two rounds of correspondence, includes 3 primary items and 50 secondary items. In the first round of correspondence, the recovery rate of valid questionnaires and the ratio with expert opinions were 85.2% (23/27) and 47.8% (11/23), respectively. In the second round of correspondence, the recovery rate of valid questionnaires and the ratio with expert opinions were 100% (27/27) and 11.1% (3/27), respectively. The average collective authority coefficients of experts were both 0.90 in the 2 rounds of correspondence. The mean values of importance assignment, full score rate, and selection rate above 4 were 4.21, 52.5%, and 77.2%, respectively, in the first round of correspondence, and 4.28, 45.2%, and 85.8%, respectively, in the second round of correspondence. The mean coefficients of variation and the mean value of Kendall's coefficient of harmony for each item were 0.21 and 0.30 in the first round of correspondence, respectively, and 0.16 and 0.36 in the second round of correspondence, respectively. In the first and second rounds of correspondence, the Kendall's coefficients of harmony of 3 primary items (age and underlying diseases, burn injury factors, and burn treatment factors) and total secondary items were statistically significant (with χ2 values of 121.46, 107.09, 116.00, 331.97, 169.97, 152.12, 141.54, and 471.70, P<0.01). The weights of primary items for age and underlying diseases, burn injury factors, and burn treatment factors were 0.04, 0.05, and 0.07, respectively. The weights of secondary items ranged from 0.71 to 0.99, with assigned values of 3 to 6. The total burn area of 223 patients ranged from 1% to 89% total body surface area, and the patients were aged from 19 to 96 years, with the risk assessment score from 0 to 98. Nine patients developed VTE, with a risk assessment score of 41 to 90. The scores of 37 items were significantly positively correlated with the total score of scale (with r values of 0.14 to 0.61, P<0.05 or P<0.01), and the items were retained. There were 36 secondary items with statistically significant differences between the patients in high-score group and low-score group (with Z values of -4.88 to -2.09, t values of -11.63 to -2.09, P<0.05 or P<0.01), and the items were retained. The total Cronbach's α coefficient of scale was 0.88. The total content validity index of scale was 0.95. The optimal threshold of the scale for the diagnosis of VTE was 40, at which the sensitivity was 88.9%, the specificity was 87.4%, the Youden index was 0.87, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.96 (with 95% confidence interval of 0.93 to 0.99, P<0.01). Conclusions: The age and underlying diseases, burn injury factors, and burn treatment factors are the risk factors for VTE in adult burn patients. The VTE risk assessment scale for adult burn patients developed based on these factors has good reliability and validity, and provide good reference value for clinical VTE risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - H Q Huang
- Nursing Department, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - A B Xiong
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - J X Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Q Chen
- Nursing Department, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - S M Guo
- Nursing Department, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - S L Zheng
- Nursing Department, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
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17
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Hulsizer J, Resurreccion WK, Shi Z, Wei J, Ladson-Gary S, Zheng SL, Helfand BT, Billings L, Caplan MS, Xu J. Sickle Cell Trait and Risk for Common Diseases: Evidence from the UK Biobank. Am J Med 2022; 135:e279-e287. [PMID: 35461807 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2022.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sickle cell trait is typically considered benign. Although evidence remains inconsistent, recent studies suggest that it is associated with several common diseases. We systematically assessed associations of sickle cell trait with reported diseases in a large population-based cohort. METHODS Study subjects were self-reported Blacks from the UK Biobank (UKB), a United Kingdom population-based cohort of subjects aged 40-69 years at recruitment in the United Kingdom. Sickle cell status was based on the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) or mutations in the HBB gene. Diagnoses of diseases were obtained from ICD-10 and self-reports. Associations of sickle cell trait and diseases were tested using logistic regression, adjusting for age at recruitment, sex, and genetic background (top 10 principal components). RESULTS Among the 8019 Blacks in the UKB, 699 (8.72%) were sickle cell trait carriers; the rate was significantly higher in females (9.74%) than males (7.48%), P = .0005. Sickle cell trait was under-diagnosed; most heterozygous hemoglobin subunit beta (HBB) gene Glu6Val carriers did not have a sickle cell trait ICD-10 record. Compared with non-sickle cell trait, sickle cell trait carriers had significantly increased risk for type 2 diabetes; odds ratio 1.38; 95% confidence interval, 1.12-1.68; P = .002. Sickle cell trait was also significantly associated with increased risk for renal diseases (rhabdomyolysis, end-stage renal disease, chronic kidney disease, renal papillary necrosis) and vascular diseases (hypertension, retinopathy, non-ischemic stroke), P < .05. While most of these diseases are complications/comorbidities of diabetes, their associations with sickle cell trait remained significant after adjusting for diabetes. Association with end-stage renal disease was stronger in subjects without diabetes, odds ratio 6.45; 95% confidence interval, 1.93-19.61; P = .001. CONCLUSIONS Sickle cell trait is significantly associated with increased risk for diabetes and diabetes-related complications/comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhuqing Shi
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, Evanston, Ill
| | - Jun Wei
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, Evanston, Ill
| | | | | | - Brian T Helfand
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, Evanston, Ill; Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Ill; Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Ill
| | - Liana Billings
- Department of Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Ill; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Ill
| | - Michael S Caplan
- Department of Pediatrics, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Ill; Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Ill
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, Evanston, Ill; Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Ill; Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Ill.
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18
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Pham MT, Gupta A, Gupta H, Vaghasia A, Skaist A, Garrison MA, Coulter JB, Haffner MC, Zheng SL, Xu J, DeStefano Shields C, Isaacs WB, Wheelan SJ, Nelson WG, Yegnasubramanian S. Identifying Phased Mutations and Complex Rearrangements in Human Prostate Cancer Cell Lines through Linked-Read Whole-Genome Sequencing. Mol Cancer Res 2022; 20:1013-1020. [PMID: 35452513 PMCID: PMC9262859 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-21-0683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A limited number of cell lines have fueled the majority of preclinical prostate cancer research, but their genomes remain incompletely characterized. Here, we utilized whole-genome linked-read sequencing for comprehensive characterization of phased mutations and rearrangements in the most commonly used cell lines in prostate cancer research including PC3, LNCaP, DU145, CWR22Rv1, VCaP, LAPC4, MDA-PCa-2b, RWPE-1, and four derivative castrate-resistant (CR) cell lines LNCaP_Abl, LNCaP_C42b, VCaP-CR, and LAPC4-CR. Phasing of mutations allowed determination of "gene-level haplotype" to assess whether genes harbored heterozygous mutations in one or both alleles. Phased structural variant analysis allowed identification of complex rearrangement chains consistent with chromothripsis and chromoplexy. In addition, comparison of parental and derivative CR lines revealed previously known and novel genomic alterations associated with the CR phenotype. IMPLICATIONS This study therefore comprehensively characterized phased genomic alterations in the commonly used prostate cancer cell lines, providing a useful resource for future prostate cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh-Tam Pham
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Anuj Gupta
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Harshath Gupta
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ajay Vaghasia
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Alyza Skaist
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - McKinzie A. Garrison
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jonathan B. Coulter
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Michael C. Haffner
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Division of Human Biology and Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - S. Lilly Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Christina DeStefano Shields
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - William B. Isaacs
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sarah J. Wheelan
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - William G. Nelson
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Srinivasan Yegnasubramanian
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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19
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Wang QQ, Wu LP, Zhang S, Tao Y, Li YZ, Zhou QL, Zheng SL, Cao CY, Zhou Z, Li QL. Assembly of Ultralong Hydroxyapatite Nanowires into Enamel-like Materials. J Dent Res 2022; 101:1181-1189. [PMID: 35708455 DOI: 10.1177/00220345221098334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To develop dental restorative materials with enamel-like structures, ultralong hydroxyapatite (HA) nanowires were synthesized by a hydrothermal method, followed by functionalization with 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH-570). The mixture of HA nanowires, KH-570, and light initiator was stirred and centrifuged. The precipitate was vacuum filtered to remove excessive KH-570 and then pressured under cold isostatic pressing (10 MPa × 24 h). Finally, the block was polymerized by lighting. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy showed that HA nanowires with aspect ratios >1,000 were assembled into enamel rod-like microstructures and evenly dispersed in the polymerized KH-570 silane matrix to form enamel-like structures. Thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated that the content of HA nanowires reached 72 wt% in the composite. The enamel-like composite showed a similar hardness, frictional property, and acid-etching property to those of enamel and a comparable or even better diametral tensile strength and compressive strength than some commercial composite resins in mechanical tests in vitro. In addition, the enamel-like composite had good cytocompatibility. Such enamel-like composites may have the potential to be used in biomimetic tooth restorations in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Q Wang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - L P Wu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - S Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Y Tao
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Y Z Li
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Q L Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - S L Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - C Y Cao
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Z Zhou
- School of Dentistry, University of Detroit Mercy, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Q L Li
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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20
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Wei J, Yang W, Shi Z, Lu L, Wang Q, Resurreccion WK, Engelmann V, Zheng SL, Hulick PJ, Cooney KA, Isaacs WB, Helfand BT, Lu J, Xu J. Observed evidence for guideline-recommended genes in predicting prostate cancer risk from a large population-based cohort. Prostate 2021; 81:1002-1008. [PMID: 34254341 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Germline testing for prostate cancer (PCa) is now recommended by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network. While multi-gene testing has been proposed, evidence for their association with PCa risk is not well established. METHODS We tested associations of pathogenic/likely pathogenic mutations in 10 guideline-recommended genes (ATM, BRCA1, BRCA2, CHEK2, PALB2, MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2, and HOXB13) with PCa risk in the UK Biobank, a population-based cohort. Mutations were annotated based on prostate-specific transcripts using the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics standards. Associations were tested in 4399 PCa cases and 85,403 unaffected male controls using logistic regression adjusting for age and genetic background. p < .005 was considered significant based on Bonferroni correction. RESULTS Among the 10 tested genes, significantly higher mutation carrier rates in PCa cases versus controls were found for four genes at p < .005; HOXB13, BRCA2, ATM, and CHEK2, with odds ratios (95% confidence interval) estimated at 4.96 (3.62-6.69), 3.23 (2.23-4.56), 2.95 (2.01-4.22), 1.94 (1.43-2.58), respectively. No significant association was found between mutation carrier status and age at PCa diagnosis or family history of PCa. Despite the large sample size of this study, statistical power remains limited, especially for genes where pathogenic mutation carrier rates are extremely rare (<0.03%). CONCLUSION Observed evidence for PCa risk was found for four of the 10 guideline-recommended genes in this large population-based study. Mutations in these four genes can be interpreted with confidence in genetic counseling for PCa risk assessment. Evidence for the remaining six genes needs to be further evaluated in larger studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wei
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Wancai Yang
- Department of Research and Development, GoPath Laboratories LLC, Buffalo Grove, Illinois, USA
| | - Zhuqing Shi
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Lucy Lu
- Department of Research and Development, GoPath Laboratories LLC, Buffalo Grove, Illinois, USA
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Research and Development, GoPath Laboratories LLC, Buffalo Grove, Illinois, USA
| | - W Kyle Resurreccion
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Valentina Engelmann
- Department of Research and Development, GoPath Laboratories LLC, Buffalo Grove, Illinois, USA
| | - S Lilly Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Peter J Hulick
- Department of Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Kathleen A Cooney
- School of Medicine, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - William B Isaacs
- The Brady Urological Institute, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Brian T Helfand
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Jim Lu
- Department of Research and Development, GoPath Laboratories LLC, Buffalo Grove, Illinois, USA
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
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21
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Xu J, Isaacs WB, Mamawala M, Shi Z, Landis P, Petkewicz J, Wei J, Wang CH, Resurreccion WK, Na R, Bhanji Y, Novakovic K, Walsh PC, Zheng SL, Helfand BT, Pavlovich CP. Association of prostate cancer polygenic risk score with number and laterality of tumor cores in active surveillance patients. Prostate 2021; 81:703-709. [PMID: 33956350 PMCID: PMC8827243 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) is characterized by its tendency to be multifocal. However, few studies have investigated the endogenous factors that explain the multifocal disease. The primary objective of the current study is to test whether inherited PCa risk is associated with multifocal tumors in PCa patients. METHODS Subjects in this study were PCa patients of European ancestry undergoing active surveillance at Johns Hopkins Hospital (N = 805) and NorthShore University HealthSystem (N = 432). The inherited risk was measured by genetic risk score (GRS), an odds ratio-weighted and population-standardized polygenic risk score based on known risk-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms. PCa multifocality was indirectly measured by the number and laterality of positive tumor cores from a 12-core systematic biopsy. RESULTS In the combined cohort, 35.7% and 66.3% of patients had ≥2 tumor cores at the initial diagnostic biopsy and on at least one subsequent surveillance biopsy, respectively. For tumor laterality, 7.8% and 47.8% of patients had bilateral tumor cores at diagnostic and surveillance biopsies, respectively. We found, for the first time, that patients with higher numbers of positive cores at diagnostic and surveillance biopsies, respectively, had significantly higher mean GRS values; p = .01 and p = 5.94E-04. Additionally, patients with bilateral tumors at diagnostic and surveillance biopsies, respectively, had significantly higher mean GRS values than those with unilateral tumors; p = .04 and p = .01. In contrast, no association was found between GRS and maximum core length of tumor or tumor grade at diagnostic/surveillance biopsies (all p > .05). Finally, we observed a modest trend that patients with higher GRS quartiles had a higher risk for tumor upgrading on surveillance biopsies. The trend, however, was not statistically significant (p > .05). CONCLUSIONS The associations of GRS with two measurements of PCa multifocality (core numbers and laterality) provide novel and consistent evidence for the link between inherited PCa risk and multifocal tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Xu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL
- Corresponding authors: Jianfeng Xu, Address: 1001 University Place, Evanston, IL 60201, USA. ; or William B. Isaacs, Address: 115 Marburg, Johns Hopkins Hospital, 600 N. Wolfe St. Baltimore, MD 21187, U.SA.
| | - William B. Isaacs
- The Brady Urological Institute, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Corresponding authors: Jianfeng Xu, Address: 1001 University Place, Evanston, IL 60201, USA. ; or William B. Isaacs, Address: 115 Marburg, Johns Hopkins Hospital, 600 N. Wolfe St. Baltimore, MD 21187, U.SA.
| | - Mufaddal Mamawala
- The Brady Urological Institute, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Zhuqing Shi
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL
| | - Patricia Landis
- The Brady Urological Institute, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jacqueline Petkewicz
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL
| | - Jun Wei
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL
| | - Chi-Hsiung Wang
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL
| | - W. Kyle Resurreccion
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL
| | - Rong Na
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL
| | - Yasin Bhanji
- The Brady Urological Institute, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Kristian Novakovic
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL
| | - Patrick C. Walsh
- The Brady Urological Institute, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - S. Lilly Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL
| | - Brian T. Helfand
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL
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22
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Resurreccion WK, Hulsizer J, Shi Z, Wei J, Wang CH, Na R, Zheng SL, Struve C, Helfand BT, Khandekar J, Billings L, Caplan MS, Xu J. Association of Sickle Cell Trait with Risk and Mortality of COVID-19: Results from the United Kingdom Biobank. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2021; 105:368-371. [PMID: 34129519 PMCID: PMC8437181 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-1657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Sickle cell trait (SCT) carriers inherit one copy of the Glu6Val mutation in the hemoglobin gene and is particularly common in Black individuals (5-10%). Considering the roles of hemoglobin in immune responses and the higher risk for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) among Black individuals, we tested whether Black SCT carriers were at increased risk for COVID-19 infection and mortality according to the United Kingdom Biobank. Among Black individuals who were tested for COVID-19, we found similar infection rates among SCT carriers (14/72; 19.7%) and noncarriers (167/791; 21.1%), but higher COVID-19 mortality rates among SCT carriers (4/14; 28.6%) than among noncarriers (21/167; 12.6%) (odds ratio [OR], 3.04; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.69-11.82; P = 0.12). Notably, SCT carriers with preexisting diabetes had significantly higher COVID-19 mortality (4/4; 100%) than those without diabetes (0/10; 0%; (OR, 90.71; 95% CI, 5.66-infinite; P = 0.0005). These findings suggest that Black SCT carriers with preexisting diabetes are at disproportionally higher risk for COVID-19 mortality. Confirmation by larger studies is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Kyle Resurreccion
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | | | - Zhuqing Shi
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Jun Wei
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Chi-Hsiung Wang
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Rong Na
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - S Lilly Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | | | - Brian T Helfand
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois.,Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Janardan Khandekar
- Center for Molecular Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Liana Billings
- Department of Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois.,Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Michael S Caplan
- Department of Pediatrics, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois.,Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
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23
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Zhu Y, Dalrymple SL, Coleman I, Zheng SL, Xu J, Hooper JE, Antonarakis ES, De Marzo AM, Meeker AK, Nelson PS, Isaacs WB, Denmeade SR, Luo J, Brennen WN, Isaacs JT. Correction: Role of androgen receptor splice variant-7 (AR-V7) in prostate cancer resistance to 2nd-generation androgen receptor signaling inhibitors. Oncogene 2021; 40:3914-3916. [PMID: 33958727 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01805-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yezi Zhu
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Susan L Dalrymple
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Ilsa Coleman
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - S Lilly Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, North Shore University Health System, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, North Shore University Health System, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Jody E Hooper
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Emmanuel S Antonarakis
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Angelo M De Marzo
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Alan K Meeker
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Peter S Nelson
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.,Department of Medicine and Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - William B Isaacs
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Samuel R Denmeade
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Jun Luo
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - W Nathaniel Brennen
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - John T Isaacs
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. .,Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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24
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Brennen WN, Zhu Y, Coleman IM, Dalrymple SL, Antony L, Patel RA, Hanratty B, Chikarmane R, Meeker AK, Zheng SL, Hooper JE, Luo J, De Marzo AM, Corey E, Xu J, Yegnasubramanian S, Haffner MC, Nelson PS, Nelson WG, Isaacs WB, Isaacs JT. Resistance to androgen receptor signaling inhibition does not necessitate development of neuroendocrine prostate cancer. JCI Insight 2021; 6:146827. [PMID: 33724955 PMCID: PMC8119192 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.146827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to AR signaling inhibitors (ARSis) in a subset of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancers (mCRPCs) occurs with the emergence of AR– neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) coupled with mutations/deletions in PTEN, TP53, and RB1 and the overexpression of DNMTs, EZH2, and/or SOX2. To resolve whether the lack of AR is the driving factor for the emergence of the NE phenotype, molecular, cell, and tumor biology analyses were performed on 23 xenografts derived from patients with PC, recapitulating the full spectrum of genetic alterations proposed to drive NE differentiation. Additionally, phenotypic response to CRISPR/Cas9-mediated AR KO in AR+ CRPC cells was evaluated. These analyses document that (a) ARSi-resistant NEPC developed without androgen deprivation treatment; (b) ARS in ARSi-resistant AR+/NE+ double-positive “amphicrine” mCRPCs did not suppress NE differentiation; (c) the lack of AR expression did not necessitate acquiring a NE phenotype, despite concomitant mutations/deletions in PTEN and TP53, and the loss of RB1 but occurred via emergence of an AR–/NE– double-negative PC (DNPC); (d) despite DNPC cells having homogeneous genetic driver mutations, they were phenotypically heterogeneous, expressing basal lineage markers alone or in combination with luminal lineage markers; and (e) AR loss was associated with AR promoter hypermethylation in NEPCs but not in DNPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Nathaniel Brennen
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Yezi Zhu
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ilsa M Coleman
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Susan L Dalrymple
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Lizamma Antony
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Radhika A Patel
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Brian Hanratty
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Roshan Chikarmane
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Alan K Meeker
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Pathology, SKCCC, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - S Lilly Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, North Shore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Jody E Hooper
- Department of Pathology, SKCCC, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jun Luo
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Angelo M De Marzo
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Pathology, SKCCC, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Jianfeng Xu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, North Shore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Srinivasan Yegnasubramanian
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Pathology, SKCCC, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael C Haffner
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Peter S Nelson
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Urology and
| | - William G Nelson
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Pathology, SKCCC, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - William B Isaacs
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - John T Isaacs
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Pathology, SKCCC, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Zhu Y, Dalrymple SL, Coleman I, Zheng SL, Xu J, Hooper JE, Antonarakis ES, De Marzo AM, Meeker AK, Nelson PS, Isaacs WB, Denmeade SR, Luo J, Brennen WN, Isaacs JT. Correction to: Role of androgen receptor splice variant-7 (AR-V7) in prostate cancer resistance to 2nd-generation androgen receptor signaling inhibitors. Oncogene 2021; 40:2148. [PMID: 33564077 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01640-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yezi Zhu
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Susan L Dalrymple
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Ilsa Coleman
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - S Lilly Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, North Shore University Health System, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, North Shore University Health System, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Jody E Hooper
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Emmanuel S Antonarakis
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Angelo M De Marzo
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Alan K Meeker
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Peter S Nelson
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.,Department of Medicine and Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - William B Isaacs
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Samuel R Denmeade
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Jun Luo
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - W Nathaniel Brennen
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - John T Isaacs
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. .,Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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26
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Wei J, Shi Z, Na R, Resurreccion WK, Wang CH, Duggan D, Zheng SL, Hulick PJ, Helfand BT, Xu J. Calibration of polygenic risk scores is required prior to clinical implementation: results of three common cancers in UKB. J Med Genet 2020; 59:243-247. [PMID: 33443076 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2020-107286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND SNP-based polygenic risk scores have recently been adopted in the clinic for risk assessment of some common diseases. Their validity is supported by a consistent trend between their percentile rank and disease risk in populations. However, for clinical use at the individual level, the reliability of score values is necessary considering they are directly used to calculate remaining lifetime risk. OBJECTIVES We assessed the reliability of polygenic score values to estimate prostate cancer (PCa), breast cancer (BCa) and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk in three incident cohorts from the UK Biobank (n>500 000). METHODS Cancer-specific Genetic Risk Score (GRS), a well-established population-standardised polygenic risk score, was calculated. RESULTS A systematic bias was found between estimated risks (GRS values) and observed risks; β (95% CI) was 0.67 (0.58-0.76), 0.74 (0.65-0.84) and 0.82 (0.75-0.89), respectively, for PCa, BCa and CRC, all significantly lower than 1.00 (perfect calibration), p<0.001. After applying a correction factor derived from a training data set, the β for corrected GRS values in an independent testing data set were 1.09 (1.05-1.13), 1.00 (0.88-1.12) and 1.08 (0.96-1.21), respectively, for PCa, BCa and CRC. CONCLUSION Assessing the calibration of polygenic risk scores is necessary and feasible to ensure their reliability prior to clinical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wei
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Zhuqing Shi
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Rong Na
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - W Kyle Resurreccion
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Chi-Hsiung Wang
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - David Duggan
- Affiliate of City of Hope, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - S Lilly Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Peter J Hulick
- Department of Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Brian T Helfand
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
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27
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Shi Z, Wei J, Na R, Resurreccion WK, Zheng SL, Hulick PJ, Helfand BT, Talamonti MS, Xu J. Cystic fibrosis F508del carriers and cancer risk: Results from the UK Biobank. Int J Cancer 2020; 148:1658-1664. [PMID: 33300603 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) carriers carrying one defective copy of a CFTR germline mutation are common in the general population. A recent study reported associations of CF carriers with risk for cancers of digestive organs and pancreatic cancer. In the current study, we assessed associations of CFTR F508del carriers with the risk for 54 types of cancers in the UK Biobank, a large population-based study. In Caucasians, compared to the carrier rate of 3.15% (12 357/392274) in noncancer subjects, the rate was significantly higher in cancer patients overall (2621/79619 = 3.29%), especially in patients with colorectal cancer (247/6667 = 3.70%), cancers of gallbladder and biliary tract (21/351 = 5.98%), thyroid cancer (30/665 = 4.51%) and unspecified non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (74/1805 = 4.10%), all P ≤ .05. In contrast, the carrier rate in patients with cancers of lung and bronchus was significantly lower (89/3463 = 2.57%), P = .05. The association of CFTR F508del carriers with these types of cancer remained significant after adjusting for respective cancer-specific risk factors. For pancreatic cancer, although a higher carrier rate (38/1004 = 3.78%) was found in patients with this cancer, the difference was not statistically significant (P = .26). This null association was unlikely due to lack of statistical power; the large sample size of our study had >80% power, at a significance level of .05, to detect an association of >1.5-fold increased risk. In conclusion, the identified associations of CFTR F508del carriers with multiple types of cancer may have potential biological and clinical implications if confirmed in independent study populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuqing Shi
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Jun Wei
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Rong Na
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - W Kyle Resurreccion
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - S Lilly Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Peter J Hulick
- Department of Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Brian T Helfand
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA.,Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Mark S Talamonti
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA.,Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA.,Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
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28
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Shi Z, Platz EA, Wei J, Na R, Fantus RJ, Wang CH, Eggener SE, Hulick PJ, Duggan D, Zheng SL, Cooney KA, Isaacs WB, Helfand BT, Xu J. Performance of Three Inherited Risk Measures for Predicting Prostate Cancer Incidence and Mortality: A Population-based Prospective Analysis. Eur Urol 2020; 79:419-426. [PMID: 33257031 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2020.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single nucleotide polymorphism-based genetic risk score (GRS) has been developed and validated for prostate cancer (PCa) risk assessment. As GRS is population standardized, its value can be interpreted as a relative risk to the general population. OBJECTIVE To compare the performance of GRS with two guideline-recommended inherited risk measures, family history (FH) and rare pathogenic mutations (RPMs), for predicting PCa incidence and mortality. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A prospective cohort was derived from the UK Biobank where 208 685 PCa diagnosis-free participants at recruitment were followed via the UK cancer and death registries. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Rate ratios (RRs) of PCa incidence and mortality for FH (positive vs negative), RPMs (carriers vs noncarriers), and GRS (top vs bottom quartile) were measured. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS After a median follow-up of 9.67 yr, 6890 incident PCa cases (419 died of PCa) were identified. Each of the three measures was significantly associated with PCa incidence in univariate analyses; RR (95 % confidence interval [CI]) values were 1.88 (1.75-2.01) for FH, 2.89 (1.89-4.25) for RPMs, and 1.97(1.87-2.07) for GRS (all p < 0.001). The associations were independent in multivariable analyses. While FH and RPMs identified 11 % of men at higher PCa risk, addition of GRS identified an additional 22 % of men at higher PCa risk, and increases in C-statistic from 0.58 to 0.67 for differentiating incidence (p < 0.001) and from 0.65 to 0.71 for differentiating mortality (p = 0.002). Limitations were a small number of minority patients and short mortality follow-up. CONCLUSIONS This population-based prospective study suggests that GRS complements two guideline-recommended inherited risk measures (FH and RPMs) for stratifying the risk of PCa incidence and mortality. PATIENT SUMMARY In a large population-based prostate cancer (PCa) prospective study derived from UK Biobank, genetic risk score (GRS) complements two guideline-recommended inherited risk measures (family history and rare pathogenic mutations) in predicting PCa incidence and mortality. These results provide critical data for including GRS in PCa risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuqing Shi
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Platz
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Urology and the James Buchanan Brady Urologic Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jun Wei
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Rong Na
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Richard J Fantus
- Section of Urology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chi-Hsiung Wang
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Scott E Eggener
- Section of Urology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Peter J Hulick
- Department of Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - David Duggan
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Affiliate of City of Hope, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - S Lilly Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Kathleen A Cooney
- Duke University School of Medicine and Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - William B Isaacs
- Department of Urology and the James Buchanan Brady Urologic Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Brian T Helfand
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA.
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29
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Liu W, Zheng SL, Na R, Wei L, Sun J, Gallagher J, Wei J, Resurreccion WK, Ernst S, Sfanos KS, Isaacs WB, Xu J. Distinct Genomic Alterations in Prostate Tumors Derived from African American Men. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 18:1815-1824. [PMID: 33115829 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We aim to understand, from acquired genetic alterations in tumors, why African American (AA) men are more likely to develop aggressive prostate cancer. By analyzing somatic mutations in 39 genes using deeper next-generation sequencing with an average depth of 2,522 reads for tumor DNA and genome-wide DNA copy-number alterations (CNA) in prostate cancer in a total of 171 AA/black men and comparing with those in 860 European American (EA)/white men, we here present several novel findings. First, >35% of AA men harbor damaging mutations in APC, ATM, BRCA2, KDM6A, KMT2C, KMT2D, MED12, ZFHX3, and ZMYM3, each with >1% of mutated copies. Second, among genes with >10% of mutated copies in tumor cells, ZMYM3 is the most frequently mutated gene in AA prostate cancer. In a patient's tumor with >96% frameshift mutations of ZMYM3, we find allelic imbalances in 10 chromosomes, including losses of five and gains of another four chromosomes, suggesting its role in maintaining genomic integrity. Third, when compared to prostate cancer in EA/white men, a higher frequency of CNAs of MYC, THADA, NEIL3, LRP1B, BUB1B, MAP3K7, BNIP3L and RB1, and a lower frequency of deletions of RYBP, TP53, and TMPRSS2-ERG are observed in AA/black men. Finally, for the above genes with higher frequency of CNAs in AA than in EA, deletion of MAP3K7, BNIP3L, NEIL3 or RB1, or gain of MYC significantly associates with both higher Gleason grade and advanced pathologic stage in AA/black men. Deletion of THADA associates with advanced pathologic stage only. IMPLICATIONS: A higher frequency of damaging mutation in ZMYM3 causing genomic instability along with higher frequency of altered genomic regions including deletions of MAP3K7, BNIP3L, RB1, and NEIL3, and gain of MYC appear to be distinct somatically acquired genetic alterations that may contribute to more aggressive prostate cancer in AA/black men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wennuan Liu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois.,Departments of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - S Lilly Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois.,Departments of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Rong Na
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Lin Wei
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Jishan Sun
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois.,Departments of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Johnie Gallagher
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Jun Wei
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - W Kyle Resurreccion
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Sarah Ernst
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Karen S Sfanos
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Urology and Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - William B Isaacs
- Department of Urology and Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois. .,Departments of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
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30
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Liu W, Hou J, Petkewicz J, Na R, Wang CH, Sun J, Gallagher J, Bogachkov YY, Swenson L, Regner M, Resurreccion WK, Isaacs WB, Brendler CB, Crawford S, Zheng SL, Helfand BT, Xu J. Feasibility and performance of a novel probe panel to detect somatic DNA copy number alterations in clinical specimens for predicting prostate cancer progression. Prostate 2020; 80:1253-1262. [PMID: 32803894 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To assess the feasibility of a novel DNA-based probe panel to detect copy number alterations (CNAs) in prostate tumor DNA and its performance for predicting clinical progression. METHODS A probe panel was developed and optimized to measure CNAs in trace amounts of tumor DNA (2 ng) isolated from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues. Ten genes previously associated with aggressive disease were targeted. The panel's feasibility and performance were assessed in 175 prostate cancer (PCa) patients who underwent radical prostatectomy with a median 10-year follow-up, including 42 men who developed disease progression (either metastasis and/or PCa-specific death). Association with disease progression was tested using univariable and multivariable analyses. RESULTS The probe panel detected CNAs in all 10 genes in tumor DNA isolated from either diagnostic biopsies or surgical specimens. A four-gene model (PTEN/MYC/BRCA2/CDKN1B) had the strongest association with disease progression; 64.3% of progressors and 22.5% of non-progressors had at least one CNA in these four genes, odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval) = 6.21 (2.77-13.87), P = 8.48E-06. The association with disease progression remained significant after adjusting for known clinicopathological variables. Among the seven progressors of the 65 patients with clinically low-risk disease, three (42.9%) had at least one CNA in these four genes. CONCLUSIONS The probe panel can detect CNAs in trace amounts of tumor DNA from biopsies or surgical tissues at the time of diagnosis or surgery. CNAs independently predict metastatic/lethal cancer, particularly among men with clinically low-risk disease at diagnosis. If validated, this may improve current abilities to assess tumor aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wennuan Liu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Jun Hou
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Jacqueline Petkewicz
- John and Carol Walter Center for Urological Health, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Rong Na
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Chi-Hsiung Wang
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Jishan Sun
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Johnie Gallagher
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Yedida Y Bogachkov
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Laura Swenson
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - MaryAnn Regner
- Department of Pathology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - W Kyle Resurreccion
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - William B Isaacs
- Department of Urology and Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Charles B Brendler
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Susan Crawford
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - S Lilly Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Brian T Helfand
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
- John and Carol Walter Center for Urological Health, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
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Callahan ZM, Liu W, Hou J, Zheng SL, Rehman J, Hedberg HM, Brown CS, Su B, Attaar M, Kuchta K, Regner M, Carbray J, Xu J, Ujiki M. Somatic DNA copy number alterations in non-dysplastic Barrett's esophagus. Surg Endosc 2020; 35:3961-3970. [PMID: 32749611 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-020-07859-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to analyze non-dysplastic Barrett's esophagus (NDBE) biopsy tissue and compare the rate of somatic DNA copy number alterations (CNAs) in patients who subsequently progressed to high-grade dysplasia (HGD) or esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) to those patients who did not. METHODS A retrospectively collected database of Barrett's esophagus (BE) patients spanning a 16-year period was queried. Patients who progressed from NDBE to HGD or EAC were identified and compared to patients who did not. Initial biopsy specimens were microdissected and extracted DNA underwent Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA) for CNAs. Comparisons between progressors and non-progressors were made with Fisher's exact and two-sample t tests. Logistic regression assessed factors associated with progression. RESULTS Of the 2459 patients in the BE database, 36 patients progressed from NDBE to either HGD or EAC. There were eight progressors who had biopsy specimens with adequate DNA for analysis. The progressor and non-progressor cohort had similar demographic information and medical history. The progressor group trended towards being older at diagnosis (72 ± 10 vs. 64 ± 13 years, p = 0.097) and fewer progressors reported reflux symptoms (50 vs. 94.7%, p < 0.001). Progressor specimens had more overall CNAs (75% vs. 33.6%, p = 0.026). On univariable analysis, there was an association between progression and absence of GERD symptoms (OR 16.54 [3.42-80.03], p = 0.001), any CNA (OR 5.10 [1.18-23.30], p = 0.035), and CNA in GATA6 or ERBB2 (OR 6.72 [1.18-38.22], p = 0.032). CONCLUSIONS Patients who progressed from NDBE to HGD or EAC were older at first diagnosis of BE and fewer of the progressors reported symptoms of reflux when compared to non-progressors. Progression was associated with the presence of any CNA and specific CNAs in GATA6 or ERBB2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary M Callahan
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, 2650 Ridge Avenue, GCSI Suite B665, Evanston, IL, 60201, USA.
| | - Wennuan Liu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care and Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Jun Hou
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care and Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - S Lilly Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care and Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Jamaal Rehman
- Department of Pathology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - H Mason Hedberg
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, 2650 Ridge Avenue, GCSI Suite B665, Evanston, IL, 60201, USA
| | - Craig S Brown
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, 2650 Ridge Avenue, GCSI Suite B665, Evanston, IL, 60201, USA
| | - Bailey Su
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, 2650 Ridge Avenue, GCSI Suite B665, Evanston, IL, 60201, USA
| | - Mikhail Attaar
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, 2650 Ridge Avenue, GCSI Suite B665, Evanston, IL, 60201, USA
| | - Kristine Kuchta
- Bioinformatics and Research Core, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - MaryAnn Regner
- Department of Pathology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - JoAnn Carbray
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, 2650 Ridge Avenue, GCSI Suite B665, Evanston, IL, 60201, USA
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care and Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Michael Ujiki
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, 2650 Ridge Avenue, GCSI Suite B665, Evanston, IL, 60201, USA
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32
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Jiang D, Deng J, Dong C, Ma X, Xiao Q, Zhou B, Yang C, Wei L, Conran C, Zheng SL, Ng IOL, Yu L, Xu J, Sham PC, Qi X, Hou J, Ji Y, Cao G, Li M. Knowledge-based analyses reveal new candidate genes associated with risk of hepatitis B virus related hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:403. [PMID: 32393195 PMCID: PMC7216662 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-06842-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have suggested several susceptibility loci of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by statistical analysis at individual single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). However, these loci only explain a small fraction of HBV-related HCC heritability. In the present study, we aimed to identify additional susceptibility loci of HBV-related HCC using advanced knowledge-based analysis. METHODS We performed knowledge-based analysis (including gene- and gene-set-based association tests) on variant-level association p-values from two existing GWASs of HBV-related HCC. Five different types of gene-sets were collected for the association analysis. A number of SNPs within the gene prioritized by the knowledge-based association tests were selected to replicate genetic associations in an independent sample of 965 cases and 923 controls. RESULTS The gene-based association analysis detected four genes significantly or suggestively associated with HBV-related HCC risk: SLC39A8, GOLGA8M, SMIM31, and WHAMMP2. The gene-set-based association analysis prioritized two promising gene sets for HCC, cell cycle G1/S transition and NOTCH1 intracellular domain regulates transcription. Within the gene sets, three promising candidate genes (CDC45, NCOR1 and KAT2A) were further prioritized for HCC. Among genes of liver-specific expression, multiple genes previously implicated in HCC were also highlighted. However, probably due to small sample size, none of the genes prioritized by the knowledge-based association analyses were successfully replicated by variant-level association test in the independent sample. CONCLUSIONS This comprehensive knowledge-based association mining study suggested several promising genes and gene-sets associated with HBV-related HCC risks, which would facilitate follow-up functional studies on the pathogenic mechanism of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deke Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Institutes of Liver Diseases Research of Guangdong Province, Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology Unit, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaen Deng
- Department of Psychiatry, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | | | - Xiaopin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianyi Xiao
- Center for Genomic Translational Medicine and Prevention, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Institutes of Liver Diseases Research of Guangdong Province, Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology Unit, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chou Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Institutes of Liver Diseases Research of Guangdong Province, Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology Unit, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Wei
- Program of Computational Genomics & Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA.,Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Carly Conran
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - S Lilly Zheng
- Program of Computational Genomics & Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Irene Oi-Lin Ng
- Department of Pathology, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Long Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Program of Computational Genomics & Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Pak C Sham
- The Centre for Genomic Sciences, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Xiaolong Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Institutes of Liver Diseases Research of Guangdong Province, Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology Unit, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinlin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Institutes of Liver Diseases Research of Guangdong Province, Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology Unit, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Ji
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Guangwen Cao
- Department of Epidemiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Miaoxin Li
- Department of Psychiatry, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong. .,The Centre for Genomic Sciences, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong. .,State Key Laboratory for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong. .,Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. .,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (SYSU), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.
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33
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Xu C, Lin X, Qian W, Na R, Yu H, Jia H, Jiang H, Fang Z, Zheng SL, Ding Q, Wu Y, Zheng J, Xu J. Genetic risk scores based on risk-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms can reveal inherited risk of bladder cancer in Chinese population. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e19980. [PMID: 32384449 PMCID: PMC7220229 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000019980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies have identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with bladder cancer (BCa) risk in Caucasian and East Asian population. The objective of this study was to validate these SNPs in Chinese population and evaluate whether these SNPs could differentiate the individual inherited risk for BCa.A case-control study including 581 BCa cases and 1561 healthy controls was performed. Germline DNA samples from all individuals were genotyped for eight SNPs. Genetic risk score (GRS) was calculated for each individual based on the odds ratios and risk allele frequencies of five risk-associated SNPs.Among eight SNPs evaluated in this study, rs798766 at 4p16.3 [OR = 1.39 (1.15-1.67), P < .001], rs9642880 [OR = 1.17 (1.06-1.30), P < .001] and rs4813953 at 20p12.2 [OR = 1.09 (1.02-1.17), P = .016] were found associated with BCa risk in Chinese population. A genetic risk score was established based on five SNPs (including the above three SNPs and two other SNPs which have the consistent direction with previous reported genome-wide association study). The mean GRS was significantly higher in BCa cases than controls (1.22 vs. 1.01, P < .001). When subjects were categorized into low- (<0.8), average- (0.8-1.2), and high-risk (>1.2) groups, the likelihoods of BCa were 25.2%, 33.7% and 55.0%, respectively (P-trend < 2.2 × 10). In subgroup analyses, no significant difference was observed in mean GRS among BCa patients with different stages or grades.In conclusion, two SNPs derived from East Asian and one SNP from Caucasian were associated with BCa risk in Chinese population. These results provided additional information of genetic risks for BCa in Chinese population. Genetic risk score based on these SNPs can reveal inherited risk of BCa, and may have potential for modifying personalized cancer screening strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Xu
- Department of Urology
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xiaoling Lin
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | | | - Rong Na
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Hongjie Yu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Haifei Jia
- Department of Urology
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Haowen Jiang
- Department of Urology
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zujun Fang
- Department of Urology
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - S. Lilly Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Qiang Ding
- Department of Urology
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yishuo Wu
- Department of Urology
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Urology
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
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Wu Y, Yu H, Li S, Wiley K, Zheng SL, LaDuca H, Gielzak M, Na R, Sarver BAJ, Helfand BT, Walsh PC, Lotan TL, Cooney KA, Black MH, Xu J, Isaacs WB. Rare Germline Pathogenic Mutations of DNA Repair Genes Are Most Strongly Associated with Grade Group 5 Prostate Cancer. Eur Urol Oncol 2020; 3:224-230. [PMID: 31948886 DOI: 10.1016/j.euo.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rare germline mutations in several genes, primarily DNA repair genes, have been proposed to predict worse prognosis of prostate cancer (PCa). OBJECTIVE To compare the frequency of germline pathogenic mutations in commonly assayed PCa genes between high- and low-grade PCa in patients initially presenting with clinically localized disease. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A retrospective case-case study of 1694 PCa patients who underwent radical prostatectomy at Johns Hopkins Hospital, including 706 patients with high-grade (grade group [GG] 4 and GG5) and 988 patients with low-grade (GG1) disease. Germline DNA was sequenced for 13 candidate PCa genes using a targeted next-generation sequencing assay by Ambry Genetics. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Carrier rates of pathogenic mutations were compared between high- and low-grade PCa patients using the Fisher's exact test. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS Overall, the carrier rate of germline pathogenic mutations in the 13 genes was significantly higher in high-grade patients (8.64%) than in low-grade patients (3.54%, p = 9.98 × 10-6). Individually, significantly higher carrier rates for patients with high- versus low-grade PCa were found for three genes: ATM (2.12% and 0.20%, respectively, p = 9.35 × 10-5), BRCA2 (2.55% and 0.20%, respectively, p = 8.99 × 10-6), and MSH2 (0.57% and 0%, respectively, p = 0.03). The mutation carrier rate was significantly higher in patients with GG5 than in patients with GG1 disease for the 13 genes overall (13.07% and 3.54%, respectively, p = 1.27 × 10-9); for the three genes ATM, BRCA2, and MSH2 (7.73% and 0.40%, respectively, p = 3.20 × 10-13); and for the remaining nine DNA repair genes (5.07% and 2.43%, respectively, p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS In men undergoing treatment for clinically localized disease, pathogenic mutations in 13 commonly assayed genes, especially ATM, BRCA2, and MSH2, are most strongly associated with GG5 PCa. These findings emphasize the importance of genetic testing in men with high-grade PCa, particularly GG5 disease, to inform both treatment decisions and familial risk assessment. PATIENT SUMMARY Prostate cancer in men with inherited mutations in 13 commonly assayed susceptibility genes is more likely to be high-grade, high-risk disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yishuo Wu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care and Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA; Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongjie Yu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care and Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Shuwei Li
- Ambry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, CA, USA
| | - Kathleen Wiley
- Department of Urology and the James Buchanan Brady Urologic Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S Lilly Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care and Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | | | - Marta Gielzak
- Department of Urology and the James Buchanan Brady Urologic Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rong Na
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care and Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | | | - Brian T Helfand
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care and Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Patrick C Walsh
- Department of Urology and the James Buchanan Brady Urologic Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tamara L Lotan
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kathleen A Cooney
- Duke University School of Medicine and Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Jianfeng Xu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care and Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA; Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - William B Isaacs
- Department of Urology and the James Buchanan Brady Urologic Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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35
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Na R, Labbate C, Yu H, Shi Z, Fantus RJ, Wang CH, Andriole GL, Isaacs WB, Zheng SL, Helfand BT, Xu J. Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism-Based Genetic Risk Score and Patient Age at Prostate Cancer Diagnosis. JAMA Netw Open 2019; 2:e1918145. [PMID: 31880795 PMCID: PMC6991229 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.18145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Few studies have evaluated the association between a single-nucleotide polymorphism-based genetic risk score (GRS) and patient age at prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis. OBJECTIVES To test the association between a GRS and patient age at PCa diagnosis and to compare the performance of a GRS with that of family history (FH) in PCa risk stratification. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A cohort study of 3225 white men was conducted as a secondary analysis of the Reduction by Dutasteride of Prostate Cancer Events (REDUCE) chemoprevention trial, a 4-year, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter study conducted from March 2003 to April 2009 to evaluate the safety and efficacy of dutasteride in reducing PCa events. Participants were confirmed to be cancer free by prostate biopsy (6-12 cores) within 6 months prior to the study and underwent 10 core biopsies every 2 years per protocol. The dates for performing data analysis were from July 2016 to October 2019. INTERVENTIONS A well-established, population-standardized GRS was calculated for each participant based on 110 known PCa risk-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms, which is a relative risk compared with the general population. Men were classified into 3 GRS risk groups based on predetermined cutoff values: low (<0.50), average (0.50-1.49), and high (≥1.50). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Prostate cancer diagnosis-free survival among men of different risk groups. RESULTS Among 3225 men (median age, 63 years [interquartile range, 58-67 years]) in the study, 683 (21%) were classified as low risk, 1937 (60%) as average risk, and 605 (19%) as high risk based on GRS alone. In comparison, 2789 (86%) were classified as low or average risk and 436 (14%) as high risk based on FH alone. Men in higher GRS risk groups had a PCa diagnosis-free survival rate that was worse than that of those in the lower GRS risk group (χ2 = 53.3; P < .001 for trend) and in participants with a negative FH of PCa (χ2 = 45.5; P < .001 for trend). Combining GRS and FH further stratified overall genetic risk, indicating that 957 men (30%) were at high genetic risk (either high GRS or positive FH), 1667 men (52%) were at average genetic risk (average GRS and negative FH), and 601 men (19%) were at low genetic risk (low GRS and negative FH). The median PCa diagnosis-free survival was 74 years (95% CI, 73-75 years) for men at high genetic risk, 77 years (95% CI, 75 to >80 years) for men at average genetic risk, and more than 80 years (95% CI, >80 to >80 years) for men at low genetic risk. In contrast, the median PCa diagnosis-free survival was 73 years (95% CI, 71-76 years) for men with a positive FH and 77 years (95% CI, 76-79 years) for men with a negative FH. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This study suggests that a GRS is significantly associated with patient age at PCa diagnosis. Combining FH and GRS may better stratify inherited risk than FH alone for developing personalized PCa screening strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Na
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan Institute of Urology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Ruijin Hospital, Department of Urology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Craig Labbate
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
- Section of Urology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Hongjie Yu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Zhuqing Shi
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Richard J. Fantus
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
- Section of Urology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Chi-Hsiung Wang
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Gerald L. Andriole
- Division of Urologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
| | - William B. Isaacs
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - S. Lilly Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Brian T. Helfand
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan Institute of Urology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Section of Urology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
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Roddick A, Zheng SL. 4111Association of DPP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT-2 inhibitors with cardiovascular events stratified by renal function: a network meta-analysis. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.0115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Chronic kidney disease is a frequent co-morbidity in patients with diabetes and is associated with poor outcomes and elevated cardiovascular risk. Several novel oral antidiabetic therapies have been shown to be efficacious in reducing cardiovascular events. However, the impact of baseline renal function on cardiovascular efficacy is not well-established.
Purpose
To assess the cardiovascular efficacy of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i), Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1RA) and Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) stratified by renal function.
Methods
Cardiovascular outcome trials enrolling at least 1000 patients with type 2 diabetes for >12 months' duration were included if they reported on a composite outcome of cardiovascular mortality, nonfatal myocardial infarction and nonfatal stroke and stratified outcome data by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of >60 mL/min/1.73m2 or <60 mL/min/1.73m2. Studies enrolling patients with recent acute coronary events were excluded. Treatment and interaction effect estimates were aggregated by random-effects Bayesian network meta-analysis.
Results
9 studies were included (2 DPP-4i; 4 GLP-1RA; 3 SGLT-2i), enrolling 92,626 patients accounting for 315,167 patient-years of follow-up. The eGFR was <60 mL/min/1.73m2 in 21,302 patients (23.0%) and >60 mL/min/1.73m2 in 71,324 patients (77.0%). The mean eGFR was 64.8 mL/min/1.73m2 in DPP-4i trials, 78.6 mL/min/1.73m2 in GLP-1RA trials and 78.6 mL/min/1.73m2 in SGLT-2i trials.
Compared to placebo, DPP4i were not associated with reductions in the primary outcome (HR 1.00, 95% credible interval [CrI] 0.89–1.13). No reductions in the primary outcome were present for either strata of renal function (eGFR >60: HR 1.00, 95% CrI 0.77–1.29; and eGFR <60: HR 0.99, 95% CrI 0.81–1.20), with no significant interaction between renal function subgroups (interaction coefficient 1.00, 95% CrI 0.72–1.41).
GLP-1RA were associated with reductions in the primary outcome overall (HR 0.85, 95% CrI 0.77–0.93). There was no significant interaction between renal function subgroups (eGFR <60: HR 0.87, 95% CrI 0.70–1.06; and eGFR >60: HR 0.83, 95% CrI 0.71–0.94; interaction coefficient 1.05, 95% CrI 0.83–1.35). Similarly, SGLT-2i were associated with reductions in the primary cardiovascular composite outcome (HR 0.88, 95% CrI 0.79–0.97), with no significant interaction between renal function subgroups (eGFR <60: HR 0.82, 95% CrI 0.65–1.05; and eGFR >60: HR 0.91, 95% CrI 0.78–1.06; interaction coefficient 0.92, 95% CrI 0.69–1.21).
Conclusions
Both SGLT-2i and GLP-RA are associated with reductions in a composite cardiovascular outcome with no evidence of interaction by renal function, while DPP-4i were not associated with reductions in events, with no evidence of interaction by renal function. These data suggest that cardiovascular efficacy of these medications is not affected by baseline renal status.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Roddick
- King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - S L Zheng
- Kings College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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37
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Yu H, Shi Z, Wu Y, Wang CH, Lin X, Perschon C, Isaacs WB, Helfand BT, Lilly Zheng S, Duggan D, Mo Z, Lu D, Xu J. Concept and benchmarks for assessing narrow-sense validity of genetic risk score values. Prostate 2019; 79:1099-1105. [PMID: 31037745 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While higher genetic risk score (GRS) has been statistically associated with increased disease risk (broad-sense validity), the concept and tools for assessing the validity of reported GRS values from tests (narrow-sense validity) are underdeveloped. METHODS We propose two benchmarks for assessing the narrow-sense validity of GRS. The baseline benchmark requires that the mean GRS value in a general population approximates 1.0. The calibration benchmark assesses the agreement between observed risks and estimated risks (GRS values). We assessed benchmark performance for three prostate cancer (PCa) GRS tests, derived from three SNP panels with increasing stringency of selection criteria, in a PCa chemoprevention trial where 714 of 3225 men were diagnosed with PCa during the 4-year follow-up. RESULTS GRS from Panels 1, 2, and 3 were all statistically associated with PCa risk; P = 5.58 × 10-3 , P = 1 × 10-3 , and P = 1.5 × 10-13 , respectively (broad-sense validity). For narrow-sense validity, the mean GRS value among men without PCa was 1.33, 1.09, and 0.98 for Panels 1, 2, and 3, respectively (baseline benchmark). For assessing the calibration benchmark, observed risks were calculated for seven groups of men with GRS values <0.3, 0.3-0.79, 0.8-1.19, 1.2-1.49, 1.5-1.99, 2-2.99, and ≥3. The calibration slope (higher is better) was 0.15, 0.12, and 0.60, and the bias score (lower is better) between the observed risks and GRS values was 0.08, 0.08, and 0.02 for Panels 1, 2, and 3, respectively. CONCLUSION Performance differed considerably among GRS tests. We recommend that all GRS tests be evaluated using the two benchmarks before clinical implementation for individual risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjie Yu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Zhuqing Shi
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yishuo Wu
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chi-Hsiung Wang
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Xiaoling Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chelsea Perschon
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - William B Isaacs
- Department of Urology and the James Buchanan Brady Urologic Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Brian T Helfand
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - S Lilly Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - David Duggan
- Genetic Basis of Human Disease Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Zengnan Mo
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Daru Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Chen H, Chen G, Li G, Zhang S, Chen H, Chen Y, Duggan D, Hu Z, Chen J, Zhao Y, Zhao Y, Huang H, Zheng SL, Trent JM, Yu L, Jiang D, Mo Z, Wang H, Mou Y, Jiang T, Mao Y, Xu J, Lu D. Two novel genetic variants in the STK38L and RAB27A genes are associated with glioma susceptibility. Int J Cancer 2019; 145:2372-2382. [PMID: 30714141 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Glioma is the most common malignant primary brain tumors with poor prognosis. Genome wide association studies (GWAS) of glioma in populations with Western European ancestry were completed in the US and UK. However, our previous results strongly suggest the genetic heterogeneity could be important in glioma risk. To systematically investigate glioma risk-associated variants in Chinese population, we performed a multistage GWAS of glioma in the Han Chinese population, with a total of 3,097 glioma cases and 4,362 controls. In addition to confirming two associations reported in other ancestry groups, this study identified one new risk-associated locus for glioma on chromosome 12p11.23 (rs10842893, pmeta = 2.33x10-12, STK38L) as well as a promising association at 15q15-21.1 (rs4774756, pmeta = 6.12x10-8, RAB27A) in 3,097 glioma cases and 4,362 controls. Our findings demonstrate two novel association between the glioma risk region marked by variant rs10842893 and rs4774756) and glioma risk. These findings may advance the understanding of genetic susceptibility to glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gong Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Ji Ai Genetics and IVF Institute, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haitao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology Unit, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, GuangZhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dave Duggan
- Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, AZ
| | - Zhibin Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Juxing Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Institute of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingjie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiling Huang
- Department of Neuroscience, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - S Lilly Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL
| | - Jeffrey M Trent
- Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, AZ
| | - Long Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Deke Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology Unit, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, GuangZhou, China
| | - Zengnan Mo
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Yonggao Mou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL
| | - Daru Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Fowke JH, Koyama T, Dai Q, Zheng SL, Xu J, Howard LE, Freedland SJ. Blood and dietary magnesium levels are not linked with lower prostate cancer risk in black or white men. Cancer Lett 2019; 449:99-105. [PMID: 30776477 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies suggest a diet low in dietary magnesium intake or lower blood magnesium levels is linked with increased prostate cancer risk. This study investigates the race-specific link between blood magnesium and calcium levels, or dietary magnesium intake, and the diagnosis of low-grade and high-grade prostate cancer. The study included 637 prostate cancer cases and 715 biopsy-negative controls (50% black) recruited from Nashville, TN or Durham, NC. Blood was collected at the time of recruitment, and dietary intake was assessed by food frequency questionnaire. Percent genetic African ancestry was determined as a compliment to self-reported race. Blood magnesium levels and dietary magnesium intake were significantly lower in black compared to white men. However, magnesium levels or intake were not associated with risk of total prostate cancer or aggressive prostate cancer. Indeed, a higher calcium-to-magnesium diet intake was significantly protective for high-grade prostate cancer in black (OR = 0.66 (0.45, 0.96), p = 0.03) but not white (OR = 1.00 (0.79, 1.26), p = 0.99) men. In summary, there was a statistically significant difference in magnesium intake between black and white men, but the biological impact was unclear, and we did not confirm a lower prostate cancer risk associated with magnesium levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay H Fowke
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, TN, USA.
| | - Tatsuki Koyama
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Qi Dai
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - S Lilly Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA.
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA.
| | - Lauren E Howard
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Surgery Section, Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Stephen J Freedland
- Surgery Section, Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Wu Y, Jiang G, Zhang N, Liu S, Lin X, Perschon C, Zheng SL, Ding Q, Wang X, Na R, Sun J, Xu J. HOXA9, PCDH17, POU4F2, and ONECUT2 as a Urinary Biomarker Combination for the Detection of Bladder Cancer in Chinese Patients with Hematuria. Eur Urol Focus 2018; 6:284-291. [PMID: 30309818 DOI: 10.1016/j.euf.2018.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA methylation biomarkers for bladder cancer (BCa) have not been evaluated extensively in the Chinese population. OBJECTIVE To develop and validate a urinary biomarker combination of methylation assays in a group of Chinese patients with hematuria. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A total of 192 urine samples were collected and evaluated from patients with microscopic or gross hematuria, including 97 BCa patients and 95 controls with benign diseases. A two-stage study was conducted: the first stage being assay construction and the second stage being assay validation. Eighty-one urine samples were analyzed for the hypermethylation of eight selected genes in stage 1 and then a four-gene panel was constructed. An additional 111 urine samples were analyzed using the four-gene panel (including HOXA9, PCDH17, POU4F2, and ONECUT2) for independent validation. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS The positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated for the combination methylation assay. Uni- and multivariate binary logistic regression analyses (backward elimination, conditional) were performed to calculate the association between BCa and each predictor variable. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS The combination assay of HOXA9, PCDH17, POU4F2, and ONECUT2 was selected based on the results of multivariate logistic regression analysis in stage 1. Using a strategy of three-level risk stratification, the assay yielded a consistent PPV of 100%. With an estimated BCa prevalence of 10% in a general hematuria population, the assay would result in an overall NPV of 98%. This combined methylation biomarker would yield an overall area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.871 (with a sensitivity of 90.5% and a specificity of 73.2%) if using the prediction model from multivariate regression analysis. In addition, over half of BCa cases would be predicted accurately and ∼60% of unnecessary cystoscopies could be spared. This study had several limitations. First, the sample size was relatively small. Second, it was performed in a case-control population rather than in a natural hematuria cohort. CONCLUSIONS A combination methylation assay of HOXA9, PCDH17, POU4F2, and ONECUT2 resulted in high PPV and NPV in Chinese patients with hematuria. With accurate risk prediction, the urinary biomarker combination could spare a sizeable proportion of low-risk patients from extensive and invasive examination. PATIENT SUMMARY In the present study, we looked at the predictive performance of a urinary biomarker combination of HOXA9, PCDH17, POU4F2, and ONECUT2. We found that this urinary biomarker combination may help discriminate bladder cancer from other benign diseases in patients with hematuria, resulting in a reduction of unnecessary invasive examination in patients at low risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yishuo Wu
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Guangliang Jiang
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Department of Urology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Shenghua Liu
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xiaoling Lin
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Chelsea Perschon
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - S Lilly Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Qiang Ding
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Rong Na
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Jishan Sun
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois, USA.
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois, USA.
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Gillard M, Javier R, Ji Y, Zheng SL, Xu J, Brendler CB, Crawford SE, Pierce BL, Griend DJV, Franco OE. Elevation of Stromal-Derived Mediators of Inflammation Promote Prostate Cancer Progression in African-American Men. Cancer Res 2018; 78:6134-6145. [PMID: 30181178 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-3810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Progress in prostate cancer racial disparity research has been hampered by a lack of appropriate research tools and better understanding of the tumor biology. Recent gene expression studies suggest that the tumor microenvironment (TME) may contribute to racially disparate clinical outcomes in prostate cancer. Analysis of the prostate TME has shown increased reactive stroma associated with chronic inflammatory infiltrates in African-American (AA) compared with European-American (EA) patients with prostate cancer. To better understand stromal drivers of changes in TME, we isolated prostate fibroblasts (PrF) from AA (PrF-AA) and EA (PrF-EA) prostate cancer tissues and studied their functional characteristics. PrF-AA showed increased growth response to androgens FGF2 and platelet-derived growth factor. Compared with PrF-EA, conditioned media from PrF-AA significantly enhanced the proliferation and motility of prostate cancer cell lines. Expression of markers associated with myofibroblast activation (αSMA, vimentin, and tenascin-C) was elevated in PrF-AA In vivo tumorigenicity of an AA patient-derived prostatic epithelial cell line E006AA was significantly increased in the presence of PrF-AA compared with PrF-EA, and RNA-seq data and cytokine array analysis identified a panel of potential proinflammatory paracrine mediators (BDNF, CHI3L1, DPPIV, FGF7, IL18BP, IL6, and VEGF) to be enriched in PrF-AA E006AA cell lines showed increased responsiveness to BDNF ligand compared with EA-derived LNCaP and C4-2B cells. Addition of a TrkB-specific antagonist significantly reduced the protumorigenic effects induced by PrF-AA compared with PrF-EA These findings suggest that fibroblasts in the TME of AA patients may contribute to the health disparity observed in the incidence and progression of prostate cancer tumors.Significance: These findings suggest that stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment of African-American men promote progression of prostate cancer by increasing levels of a specific set of pro-inflammatory molecules compared with European-American men.Graphical Abstract: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/78/21/6134/F1.large.jpg Cancer Res; 78(21); 6134-45. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Gillard
- Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Rodrigo Javier
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem Research Institute, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Yuan Ji
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem Research Institute, Evanston, Illinois
| | - S Lilly Zheng
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem Research Institute, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem Research Institute, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Charles B Brendler
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem Research Institute, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Susan E Crawford
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem Research Institute, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Brandon L Pierce
- Department of Public Health Sciences, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Omar E Franco
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem Research Institute, Evanston, Illinois.
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Zheng SL, Roddick AJ. P2519Comparison of SGLT-2 inhibitors, GLP-1 agonist and DPP-4 inhibitors for mortality outcomes in participants with type 2 diabetes: a network meta-analysis of 96 studies. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy565.p2519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S L Zheng
- Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - A J Roddick
- King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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Wu Y, Yu H, Zheng SL, Na R, Mamawala M, Landis T, Wiley K, Petkewicz J, Shah S, Shi Z, Novakovic K, McGuire M, Brendler CB, Ding Q, Helfand BT, Carter HB, Cooney KA, Isaacs WB, Xu J. A comprehensive evaluation of CHEK2 germline mutations in men with prostate cancer. Prostate 2018. [PMID: 29520813 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Germline mutations in CHEK2 have been associated with prostate cancer (PCa) risk. Our objective is to examine whether germline pathogenic CHEK2 mutations can differentiate risk of lethal from indolent PCa. METHODS A case-case study of 703 lethal PCa patients and 1455 patients with low-risk localized PCa of European, African, and Chinese origin was performed. Germline DNA samples from these patients were sequenced for CHEK2. Mutation carrier rates and their association with lethal PCa were analyzed using the Fisher exact test and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. RESULTS In the entire study population, 40 (1.85%) patients were identified as carrying one of 15 different germline CHEK2 pathogenic or likely pathogenic mutations. CHEK2 mutations were detected in 16 (2.28%) of 703 lethal PCa patients compared with 24 (1.65%) of 1455 low-risk PCa patients (P = 0.31). No association was found between CHEK2 mutation status and early-diagnosis or PCa-specific survival time. However, the most common mutation in CHEK2, c.1100delC (p.T367 fs), had a significantly higher carrier rate (1.28%) in lethal PCa patients than low-risk PCa patients of European American origin (0.16%), P = 0.0038. The estimated Odds Ratio of this mutation for lethal PCa was 7.86. The carrier rate in lethal PCa was also significantly higher than that (0.46%) in 32 461 non-Finnish European subjects from the Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC) (P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS While overall CHEK2 mutations were not significantly more common in men with lethal compared to low-risk PCa, the specific CHEK2 mutation, c.1100delC, appears to contribute to an increased risk of lethal PCa in European American men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yishuo Wu
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Hongjie Yu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - S Lilly Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Rong Na
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mufaddal Mamawala
- Department of Urology and the James Buchanan Brady Urologic Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Tricia Landis
- Department of Urology and the James Buchanan Brady Urologic Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kathleen Wiley
- Department of Urology and the James Buchanan Brady Urologic Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Sameep Shah
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Zhuqing Shi
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Kristian Novakovic
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Michael McGuire
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Charles B Brendler
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Qiang Ding
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Brian T Helfand
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - H Ballentine Carter
- Department of Urology and the James Buchanan Brady Urologic Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kathleen A Cooney
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - William B Isaacs
- Department of Urology and the James Buchanan Brady Urologic Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
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Zheng SL, Feng MY, Yang G, Xiong GB, Zheng LF, Zhang TP, Zhao YP. [The expression of KLK7 in pancreatic cancer and the effects on the biological behavior of pancreatic cancer cells]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 56:391-397. [PMID: 29779317 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5815.2018.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the expression of KLK7 in pancreatic cancer and its clinical significance. Methods: Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of KLK7 protein in pancreatic cancer tissue microarray with 92 samples. Statistical analysis of the relationship between KLK7 and clinicopathological characteristics was finished. Pancreatic cancer cell lines were infected with lentiviuses in order to get cells with KLK7 stable overexpression.KLK7-siRNA was transfected into pancreatic cancer cells to knock down KLK7.Cell proliferation and chemosensitivity were detected by CCK-8 assay; Cell invasion and migration abilities were detected by Transwell assay. At the same time, subcutaneous xenograft tumor models were established in nude mice to observe the effect of KLK7 on tumor growth in nude mice. Data were statistically analyzed by rank sum test, χ(2) test and Logistic regression analysis. Results: The expression level of KLK7 in pancreatic cancer tissues was higher than that in paired adjacent tissues (P<0.05). KLK7 expression was correlated with vascular invasion(χ(2)=7.535, P<0.05). Further univariate and multivariate analysis showed that KLK7 expression was an independent risk factor for vascular invasion of pancreatic cancer(χ(2)=7.535, P<0.05). The overexpression of KLK7 in pancreatic cancer cell lines BxPC-3 and CFPAC can increase their proliferation abilities, reduce the chemosensitivity and promote their migration and invasion behaviour; The results of in vivo experiments showed that the volume of subcutaneously transplanted tumors in the overexpressing KLK7 group was significantly larger than that in the control group (t=4.479, P<0.05). The group of overexpressing KLK7 showed greater tumor weight than the control group(t=2.831, P<0.05). Conclusions: The expression level of KLK7 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma was higher than that in paired adjacent tissues and it is an independent risk factor for vascular invasion of pancreatic cancer.KLK7 can promote the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells, reduce the chemosensitivity and increase the invasion and migration of pancreatic cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
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Huang ZX, Guo XQ, Deng WM, Zheng SL, Guo X, Huang YK, Li TW. [Efficacy of Yisaipu tapering in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018; 98:1158-1161. [PMID: 29690728 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2018.15.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To assess the efficacy of Yisaipu tapering in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Methods: A total of 87 cases of AS patients from Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital who were treated with Yisaipu and celecoxib were retrospectively analyzed from February 2013 to April 2017.All patients received full dose Yisaipu and celecoxib in the initial 12 weeks.After that, the patients in the full dose group maintained Yisaipu (50 mg/w) treatment from the 13(rd) to 24(th) week, while tapering group received Yisaipu 50 mg subcutaneous injection once every other week.By using AS disease activity score (ASDAS), Bath AS functional index (BASFI) and magnetic resonance (MR) score of sacroiliac joint (SIJ) plus recording adverse events, differences of efficacy and safety between groups were compared. Results: ASDAS and BASFI of tapering group were 1.1±0.7 and 1.3±1.1, while those of full dose group were 1.0±0.7 and 1.1±1.0, respectively.No significant difference of ASDAS or BASFI was found between groups.Besides, the MR scores of tapering and full dose groups were 8±7 and 8±6 respectively before therapy, while they were significantly lower in the 24(th) week (4±4 and 4±3, P<0.05). However, changes of MR score between groups were similar (P>0.05). Conclusion: Dose tapering of Yisaipu subcutaneous injection might be effective for keeping stable of disease activity and function in patients with AS.Its efficacy is similar to those of full dose Yisaipu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z X Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou 510317, China
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Na R, Wu Y, Zheng SL, Helfand B, Wang CH, Brendler CB, Andriole GL, Xu J. MP35-12 GENETIC RISK SCORES ARE ASSOCIATED WITH EARLY AGE OF PROSTATE CANCER DIAGNOSIS: RESULTS FROM THE REDICE TRIAL. J Urol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2018.02.1125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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47
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Ryan S, Liss M, Choi J, Millard F, Randall M, Hemal S, Zheng SL, Xu J, Kader K. PD56-05 A GERM-LINE GENETIC TEST FOR PROSTATE CANCER RISK (PGS-33) TOGETHER WITH A FAMILY HISTORY ARE ASSOCIATED WITH LETHAL PROSTATE CANCER. J Urol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2018.02.2637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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48
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Wu Y, Chen H, Jiang G, Mo Z, Ye D, Wang M, Qi J, Lin X, Zheng SL, Zhang N, Na R, Ding Q, Xu J, Sun Y. Genome-wide Association Study (GWAS) of Germline Copy Number Variations (CNVs) Reveal Genetic Risks of Prostate Cancer in Chinese population. J Cancer 2018; 9:923-928. [PMID: 29581771 PMCID: PMC5868157 DOI: 10.7150/jca.22802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The associations between Prostate cancer (PCa) and germline copy number variations (CNVs) in genome-wide level based on Chinese population are unknown. The objective of this study was to identify possible PCa-risk associated CNV regions in Chinese population. Materials and Methods: We performed a genome-wide association study for CNV in 1,417 PCa cases and 1,008 controls in Chinese population. Results: 7 risk-associated CNVs were identified for PCa after association analyses (P <7.2×10-6). Another 34 CNVs were found to be potentially risk-associated CNVs (P<0.05). Among the total 41 CNVs, 27 CNVs were risk variations and the other 14 were found to be protective of PCa. 25 of the CNVs (19 duplications and 6 deletions) were located in gene regions while 16 CNVs (9 duplications and 7 deletions) were located in intergenic regions. We identified a higher burden of gaining PCa-risk CNVs and a lower frequency of protective CNVs in cases than controls. Bioinformatics analyses suggested that genes related to PCa risk-associated CNVs were significantly enriched in some biological processes, cellular components and molecular functions. Conclusion: These results provided additional information of genetic risks for PCa. Several CNV regions involved actionable genes that might be potential gene for target therapy. Additional validation and functional studies are warranted for these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yishuo Wu
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.,Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.,Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Haitao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology Unit, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, GuangZhou, China
| | - Guangliang Jiang
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.,Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zengnan Mo
- Department of Urology and Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Dingwei Ye
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meilin Wang
- Department of Molecular and Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of the Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Qi
- Department of Urology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoling Lin
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - S Lilly Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.,Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Rong Na
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.,Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Ding
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.,Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.,Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Yinghao Sun
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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49
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Wu Y, Chen H, Ji Y, Na R, Mo Z, Ye D, Wang M, Qi J, Lin X, Ding Q, Xu J, Zheng SL, Sun Y, Meng W. Validation of the novel susceptibility loci for prostate cancer in a Chinese population. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:2567-2573. [PMID: 29434975 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study evaluated 23 newly identified susceptibility loci for prostate cancer (PCa) in a Chinese population and assessed whether any validated loci were associated with the genetic risk score (GRS) of PCa in a Chinese population. A total of 1,417 patients with PCa and 1,008 controls were recruited in the present study. The association of each single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) with PCa risk and PCa aggressiveness was analyzed. The predictive ability of two GRSs based on 30 SNPs (GRS30) and the 9 most significant SNPs (GRS9) in the Chinese population were also compared. Among the 19 SNPs evaluated, 1 SNP (rs7153648 at 14q23) was associated with PCa risk [odds ratio (OR)=1.206, P<0.05)] and 1 SNP (rs636291 at 1p23) was associated with PCa aggressiveness (OR=1.123, P<0.05). GRS30 and GRS9 were significantly increased in patients with PCa compared with that among non-PCa controls. The areas under receiver operating characteristic curves of GRS9 and GRS 30 were similar (0.792 for GRS9 vs. 0.7994 for GRS30, P=0.138). To conclude, among the 19 SNPs evaluated, only 1 SNP was associated with PCa risk in the Chinese population. SNPs that were weakly associated with PCa were unlikely to improve the predictive ability of existing GRS in the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yishuo Wu
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, P.R. China.,Urology Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, P.R. China
| | - Haitao Chen
- Center for Genomic Translational Medicine and Prevention, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, P.R. China
| | - Ying Ji
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, P.R. China
| | - Rong Na
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, P.R. China.,Urology Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, P.R. China
| | - Zengnan Mo
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530000, P.R. China
| | - Dingwei Ye
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, P.R. China
| | - Meilin Wang
- Department of Molecular and Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of The Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Jun Qi
- Department of Urology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoling Lin
- Urology Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, P.R. China.,Center for Genomic Translational Medicine and Prevention, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Ding
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, P.R. China.,Urology Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, P.R. China
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Urology Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, P.R. China.,Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL 60201, USA
| | - S Lilly Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL 60201, USA
| | - Yinghao Sun
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200000, P.R. China
| | - Wei Meng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, P.R. China
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50
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Ni XJ, Xu ZQ, Jin H, Zheng SL, Cai Y, Wang JJ. Ginsenoside Rg1 protects human renal tubular epithelial cells from lipopolysaccharide-induced apoptosis and inflammation damage. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 51:e6611. [PMID: 29267498 PMCID: PMC5731327 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20176611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Ginsenoside Rg1, one of the most notable active components of Panax ginseng, has been widely reported to exert anti-inflammatory actions. This study aimed to reveal whether ginsenoside Rg1 also exhibits beneficial roles against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced apoptosis and inflammation in human renal tubular epithelial cells, and to evaluate the potential role of the component on tubulointerstitial nephritis treatment. HK-2 cells were treated with various doses of ginsenoside Rg1 (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 μM) in the absence or presence of 5 μg/mL LPS. Thereafter, CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, western blot, migration assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay, and ELISA were carried out to respectively assess cell viability, apoptosis, migration, ROS activity, and the release of inflammatory cytokines. As a result, ginsenoside Rg1 protected HK-2 cells from LPS-induced injury, as cell viability was increased, cell apoptosis was decreased, and the release of MCP-1, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α was reduced. Ginsenoside Rg1 functioned to HK-2 cells in a dose-dependent manner, and the 150 μM dose exhibited the most protective functions. Ginsenoside Rg1 had no significant impact on cell migration and ROS activity, while it alleviated LPS-induced ROS release and migration impairment. Furthermore, the down-regulations of p-PI3K, p-AKT, and up-regulations of PTEN, p-IκBα, p-p65, Bcl-3 induced by LPS were recovered to some extent after ginsenoside Rg1 treatment. In conclusion, ginsenoside Rg1 protects HK-2 cells against LPS-induced inflammation and apoptosis via activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway and suppression of NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- X J Ni
- Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Z Q Xu
- Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - H Jin
- Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - S L Zheng
- Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Y Cai
- Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - J J Wang
- Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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