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Atoui A, Carabano MJ, Lasoued M, Laroussi A, Abdennebi M, Tlahig S, Ben Salem F, Najari S. Prediction of birth weight using body measurements of local caprine population kids raised in a low-input breeding mode under arid environment. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 56:15. [PMID: 38105297 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03865-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to establish linear measurements of local goat kids at birth and their factors of variation, as well as their possible correlations with birth weight. Additionally, the study analyses statistical models and barymetric functions to predict birth weight of kids based on their morphometric data. The database includes data on 128 goat kids born to 89 goats and 9 bucks in the experimental goat herd at the El GORDHAB station of IRA. Average BW, withers height (L1), heart girth (L2), rump height (L3), and body length (L4) of all kids were 2.45kg, 32.66cm,30.56cm, 33.41cm, and 31.21cm respectively. Results show that in general, local goat kids are small in size and weight at birth, which varies depending on sex, dam age, and type of birth. Highest and positive correlation coefficient value between birth weight and heart girth were observed (r = 0.95). The coefficient of determination (R2) for heart girth (0.78) was higher than other body measurements in single trait evaluation indicating it as the best trait for the predication of birth weight. The most appropriate combination of body measurements (R2 = 0.82) was observed between height at withers and heart girth for predication of birth weight estimation. Developing a system for recording birth weight based on easily obtainable body measurements could be a useful approach for rural areas. Result join the study objective by conceiving feasible genetic improvement plans for agropastoral herds by establishing individual phenotypes estimation even when the classical animal management does not already allowed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Atoui
- Laboratory of Livestock and Wildlife, Institute of Arid Regions, University of Gabès, Medenine, Tunisia.
| | - M J Carabano
- Depto. de Mejora Genética Animal, INIA, Ctra. de La Coruña Km 7.5, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Lasoued
- Laboratory of Livestock and Wildlife, Institute of Arid Regions, University of Gabès, Medenine, Tunisia
| | - A Laroussi
- Laboratory of Livestock and Wildlife, Institute of Arid Regions, University of Gabès, Medenine, Tunisia
| | - M Abdennebi
- Laboratory of Livestock and Wildlife, Institute of Arid Regions, University of Gabès, Medenine, Tunisia
| | - S Tlahig
- Dryland Farming and Oasis Cropping Laboratory (LR16IRA02), Institute of Arid Regions of Medenine, Road of Djorf Km 22, Medenine, 4119, Tunisia
| | - F Ben Salem
- Laboratory of Livestock and Wildlife, Institute of Arid Regions, University of Gabès, Medenine, Tunisia
| | - S Najari
- Laboratory of Livestock and Wildlife, Institute of Arid Regions, University of Gabès, Medenine, Tunisia
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Mohamed A, Tlahig S, Moussa JY, Yahia LB, Bouhamda T, Loumerem M. Biochemical Characterization of Rare and Threatened Local Populations of Peas (Pisum sativum L.) Cultivated in the Arid Region of Southern Tunisia. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200595. [PMID: 36239977 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is an important legume for human and animal consumption, cultivated in many temperate regions of the world. In the present investigation, the seeds of twelve pea accessions collected from the arid regions of southern Tunisia, characterized by different colors of flowers and seed coats, were evaluated for their proteins, phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities. The protein content determined by the Bradford method ranged from 46.91 to 151.08 mg/g DW. The content of total phenol, total flavonoid and condensed tannin, ranging from 36.85 to 102.52 mg GAE/100 g DW, 6.95 to 48.11 mg QE/100 g DW, and 12.37 to 70.43 mg CE/100 g DW, respectively. These parameters were characterized respectively by the following three methods, the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, the aluminum chloride and the vanillin assay. The LC-ESI/MS analysis identified the presence of 8 phenolic acids and 9 flavonoids which quinic acid, protocatechuic acid, hyperoside, and quercetin-3-O-rhamnosidewere detected as the most abundant compounds. Moreover, the antioxidant activity of pea seeds was evaluated by the ABTS+and DPPH tests. Indeed, DPPH and ABTS anti-free radical activity values ranged from 1.92 to 14.11 μmoL TEAC/g DW and 2.3 to 14.95 μmoL TEAC/g DW, respectively. The variability across the assessed traits revealed significant differences as computed by ANOVA tests. Else, the results showed significant correlations between seed coat color, seed shape, flower color and phenolic compounds. Therefore, genotypes characterized by a purple flower, brown seed coat, and wrinkled form had the highest levels of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity. Correlation analysis revealed that phenolic compounds presented a strong positive correlation with antioxidant activities, while being negatively correlated with protein content. UPGMA cluster and Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed two main groups. This work highlights the nutritional value of P. sativum seeds as a good source of natural antioxidant compounds that may be useful in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Mohamed
- Dryland Farming and Oases Cropping Laboratory (LR16IRA02), Arid Land Institute, Street El Jorf, 4119, Medenine, Tunisia
- Higher Agronomic Institute, Chott Mariem, IRESA, University of Sousse, B.P. 47, 4042 Chott Mariem, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Samir Tlahig
- Dryland Farming and Oases Cropping Laboratory (LR16IRA02), Arid Land Institute, Street El Jorf, 4119, Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Jamila Yehmed Moussa
- Dryland Farming and Oases Cropping Laboratory (LR16IRA02), Arid Land Institute, Street El Jorf, 4119, Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Leila Ben Yahia
- Dryland Farming and Oases Cropping Laboratory (LR16IRA02), Arid Land Institute, Street El Jorf, 4119, Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Talel Bouhamda
- Advanced Analysis Platform - Central Laboratory, Arid Land Institute, Street El Jorf, 4119, Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Loumerem
- Dryland Farming and Oases Cropping Laboratory (LR16IRA02), Arid Land Institute, Street El Jorf, 4119, Medenine, Tunisia
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Karmous I, Taheur FB, Zuverza-Mena N, Jebahi S, Vaidya S, Tlahig S, Mhadhbi M, Gorai M, Raouafi A, Debara M, Bouhamda T, Dimkpa CO. Phytosynthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Ceratonia siliqua L. and Evidence of Antimicrobial Activity. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:plants11223079. [PMID: 36432809 PMCID: PMC9695060 DOI: 10.3390/plants11223079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) is a tree crop cultivated extensively in the eastern Mediterranean regions but that has become naturalized in other regions as well. The present study focused on the green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) from Carob and their evaluation for antimicrobial activity in bacteria and fungi. The synthesized ZnONPs showed strong antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25 923 (92%). The NPs inhibited the growth of pathogenic yeast strains, including Candida albicans ATCC90028, Candida krusei ATCC6258, and Candida neoformans ATCC14116, by 90%, 91%, and 82%, respectively, compared to the control. Fungal inhibition zones with the ZnONPs were 88.67% and 90%, respectively, larger for Aspergillus flavus 15UA005 and Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC204305, compared to control fungal growth. This study provides novel information relevant for plant-based development of new and potentially antimicrobial ZnONPs based on extracts. In particular, the development and application of phytogenic nanoparticles enhances the biocompatibility of nano-scale materials, thereby allowing to tune effects to prevent adverse outcomes in non-target biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inès Karmous
- Institute of Applied Biology of Medenine, University of Gabes, Medenine 4100, Tunisia
- Plant Toxicology and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Jarzouna 7021, Tunisia
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, 123 Huntington, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Fadia Ben Taheur
- Laboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Environmental Pollutants and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Street Ibn Sina, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Nubia Zuverza-Mena
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, 123 Huntington, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Samira Jebahi
- Institute of Applied Biology of Medenine, University of Gabes, Medenine 4100, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Useful Materials, National Institute of Research and Physicochemical Analysis, Technopole Sidi Thabet, Ariana 2020, Tunisia
| | - Shital Vaidya
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, 123 Huntington, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Samir Tlahig
- Institute of Applied Biology of Medenine, University of Gabes, Medenine 4100, Tunisia
- Arid Region Institute, Medenine 4100, Tunisia
| | - Mohsen Mhadhbi
- Laboratory of Useful Materials, National Institute of Research and Physicochemical Analysis, Technopole Sidi Thabet, Ariana 2020, Tunisia
| | - Mustapha Gorai
- Institute of Applied Biology of Medenine, University of Gabes, Medenine 4100, Tunisia
| | - Amel Raouafi
- National Center for Nuclear Science and Technology, Technopole Sidi Thabet, Ariana 2020, Tunisia
| | | | | | - Christian O. Dimkpa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, 123 Huntington, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
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Karmous I, Tlahig S, Loumerem M, Lachiheb B, Bouhamda T, Mabrouk M, Debouba M, Chaoui A. Assessment of the risks of copper- and zinc oxide-based nanoparticles used in Vigna radiata L. culture on food quality, human nutrition and health. Environ Geochem Health 2022; 44:4045-4061. [PMID: 34850307 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-01162-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The present article aims to assess the phytotoxic effects of copper and zinc oxide nanoparticles (Cu NPs, ZnO NPs) on mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) and their possible risk on food quality and safety. We also study the molecular mechanisms underlying the toxicity of nanosized Cu and ZnO. Seeds of mung bean were germinated under increasing concentrations of Cu NPs and ZnO NPs (10, 100, 1000, 2000 mg/L). We analyzed levels of free amino acids, total soluble sugars, minerals, polyphenols and antioxidant capacity. Our results showed that depending on the concentrations used of Cu NPs and ZnO NPs, the physiology of seed germination and embryo growth were modified. Both free metal ions and nanoparticles themselves may impact plant cellular and physiological processes. At 10 mg/L, an improvement of the nutritive properties, in terms of content in free amino acids, total soluble sugars, essential minerals, antioxidant polyphenols and flavonoids, was shown. However, higher concentrations (100-2000 mg/L) caused an alteration in the nutritional balance, which was revealed by the decrease in contents and quality of phenolic compounds, macronutrients (Na, Mg, Ca) and micronutrients (Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, K). The overall effects of Cu and ZnO nanoparticles seem to interfere with the bioavailability of mineral and organic nutrients and alter the beneficial properties of the antioxidant phytochemicals, mineral compounds, phenolic acids and flavonoids. This may result in a potential hazard to human food and health, at some critical doses of nanofertilizers. This study may contribute in the guidelines to the safe use of nanofertilizers or nanosafety, for more health benefit and less potential risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inès Karmous
- Plant Toxicology and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerta, Zarzouna, Tunisia.
- Biology and Environmental Department, Insitute of Applied Biology of Medenine (ISBAM), University of Gabes, Medenine, Tunisia.
| | - Samir Tlahig
- Biology and Environmental Department, Insitute of Applied Biology of Medenine (ISBAM), University of Gabes, Medenine, Tunisia
- Dry Land and Oases Cropping Laboratory, Arid Land Institute of Medenine (IRA), Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Loumerem
- Dry Land and Oases Cropping Laboratory, Arid Land Institute of Medenine (IRA), Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Belgacem Lachiheb
- Dry Land and Oases Cropping Laboratory, Arid Land Institute of Medenine (IRA), Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Talel Bouhamda
- Dry Land and Oases Cropping Laboratory, Arid Land Institute of Medenine (IRA), Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Mahmoud Mabrouk
- Dry Land and Oases Cropping Laboratory, Arid Land Institute of Medenine (IRA), Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Debouba
- Biology and Environmental Department, Insitute of Applied Biology of Medenine (ISBAM), University of Gabes, Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Abdelilah Chaoui
- Plant Toxicology and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerta, Zarzouna, Tunisia
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Tlahig S, Bellani L, Karmous I, Barbieri F, Loumerem M, Muccifora S. Response to Salinity in Legume Species: An Insight on the Effects of Salt Stress during Seed Germination and Seedling Growth. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2000917. [PMID: 33586309 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The process of soil salinization and the preponderance of saline water sources all over the world represent one of the most harmful abiotic stress to plant growth. This pointed to the importance of obtaining plants which are tolerant or resistant to salt, considering that projection of climate change for the coming years indicate an increase in temperature and rain scarcity. In the current study, the effect of NaCl was investigated on germinating seeds of Lathyrus sativus L., Vicia sativa L., Vigna radiata L. R.Wilczek and Vigna unguiculata L. Walp., by combining physiological, biochemical, biostatistical and ultrastructural analyses. Our results revealed that germination was not influenced by high NaCl concentrations, while seedling growth was affected even at low NaCl concentrations, probably due to an alteration in water uptake and in organic matter biosynthesis. Nevertheless, the synthesis of antioxidant enzymes, phenolic acids and flavonoids was registered in all species, which tended to cope with the increasing salt stress, allowing a response mechanism such as cytoplasm detoxification and cellular turgor maintenance. Besides, the ultrastructural analysis evidenced plasmolyzed cells close to cells with a normal ultrastructure with no appreciable differences among the species. This research deeply investigates the mechanism of salt-stress response focusing on species never tested before for their possible tolerance to salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Tlahig
- Dry Land Farming and Oases Cropping Laboratory, Arid Land Institute of Medenine (IRA), Road El Jorf KM 22.5, 4119, Medenine, Tunisia.,Biology and Environmental Department, Institute of Applied Biology of Medenine (ISBAM), Road El Jorf KM 22.5, 4119, Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Lorenza Bellani
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Inès Karmous
- Biology and Environmental Department, Institute of Applied Biology of Medenine (ISBAM), Road El Jorf KM 22.5, 4119, Medenine, Tunisia.,Plant Toxicology and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerta, 7021, Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Francesco Barbieri
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Mohamed Loumerem
- Dry Land Farming and Oases Cropping Laboratory, Arid Land Institute of Medenine (IRA), Road El Jorf KM 22.5, 4119, Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Simonetta Muccifora
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
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