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Kumar A, Li J, Kondaveeti S, Singh B, Shanmugam R, Kalia VC, Kim IW, Lee JK. Characterization of a xylitol dehydrogenase from Aspergillus flavus and its application in l-xylulose production. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1001726. [PMID: 36172018 PMCID: PMC9512048 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1001726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
An NAD+-dependent xylitol dehydrogenase from A. flavus (AfXDH) was cloned and successfully expressed in Escherichia coli. AfXDH gene sequence revealed an open reading frame of 1,110 bp, encoding a polypeptide of 369 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 38,893 Da. Among various polyols, sorbitol and xylitol were preferred substrates of AfXDH with Km values of 16.2 and 16.9 mM, respectively. AfXDH showed the highest activity in Tris-glycine-NaOH buffer (pH 9.5) at 50°C; it required Zn2+ or Mn2+ for enzyme activity. The half-life at 40°C and half denaturation temperature (T1/2) was 200 min and 45°C, respectively. Bioinformatic analyses along with biochemical properties confirmed that AfXDH belonged to the medium-chain dehydrogenase/reductase family. AfXDH exhibits higher thermostability and kcat values than those of other XDHs. The feasibility of using AfXDH in l-xylulose production was demonstrated. AfXDH, when coupled with Streptococcus pyogenes NADH oxidase, efficiently converted xylitol to l-xylulose with 97% yield, suggesting its usefulness for the industrial l-xylulose production from xylitol.
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Kondaveeti S, Bisht A, Pagolu R, Lai C, Lestari R, Kumar A, Das D, Kalia VC, Lee JK. Mild Alkaline Pretreatment of Rice Straw as a Feedstock in Microbial Fuel Cells for Generation of Bioelectricity. Indian J Microbiol 2022; 62:447-455. [PMID: 35974908 PMCID: PMC9375807 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-022-01022-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The dependency on non-renewable fossil fuels as an energy source has drastically increased global temperatures. Their continuous use poses a great threat to the existing energy reserves. Therefore, the energy sector has taken a turn toward developing eco-friendly, sustainable energy generation by using sustainable lignocellulosic wastes, such as rice straw (RS). For lignocellulosic waste to be utilized as an efficient energy source, it needs to be broken down into less complex forms by pretreatment processes, such as alkaline pretreatment using NaOH. Varied NaOH concentrations (0.5%,1.0%,1.5%,2%) for alkaline pretreatment of RS were used for the holocellulose generation. Amongst the four NaOH concentrations tested, RS-1.5% exhibited higher holocellulose generation of 80.1%, whereas 0.5%, 1 5 and 2% pointed 71.9%, 73.8%, and 78.5% holocellulose generation, respectively. Further, microbial fuel cells (MFCs) were tested for voltage generation by utilizing holocellulose generated from untreated (RS-0%) and mildly alkaline pretreated RS (RS-1.5%) as a feedstock. The MFC voltage and maximum power generation using RS-0% were 194 mV and 167 mW/m2, respectively. With RS-1.5%, the voltage and maximum power generation were 556 mV and 583 mW/m2, respectively. The power density of RS-1.5% was three-fold higher than that of RS-0%. The increase in MFC power generation suggests that alkaline pretreatment plays a crucial role in enhancing the overall performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanath Kondaveeti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul, 05029 South Korea
| | - Aarti Bisht
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul, 05029 South Korea
| | - Raviteja Pagolu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul, 05029 South Korea
| | - Chunfen Lai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul, 05029 South Korea
| | - Rowina Lestari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul, 05029 South Korea
| | - Anurag Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul, 05029 South Korea
| | - Devashish Das
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul, 05029 South Korea
| | - Vipin C. Kalia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul, 05029 South Korea
| | - Jung-Kul Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul, 05029 South Korea
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Nagendranatha Reddy C, Kondaveeti S, Mohanakrishna G, Min B. Application of bioelectrochemical systems to regulate and accelerate the anaerobic digestion processes. Chemosphere 2022; 287:132299. [PMID: 34627010 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) serves as a potential bioconversion process to treat various organic wastes/wastewaters, including sewage sludge, and generate renewable green energy. Despite its efficiency, AD has several limitations that need to be overcome to achieve maximum energy recovery from organic materials while regulating inhibitory substances. Hence, bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) have been widely investigated to treat inhibitory compounds including ammonia in AD processes and improve the AD operational efficiency, stability, and economic viability with various integrations. The BES operations as a pretreatment process, inside AD or after the AD process aids in the upgradation of biogas (CO2 to methane) and residual volatile fatty acids (VFAs) to valuable chemicals and fuels (alcohols) and even directly to electricity generation. This review presents a comprehensive summary of BES technologies and operations for overcoming the limitations of AD in lab-scale applications and suggests upscaling and future opportunities for BES-AD systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Nagendranatha Reddy
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Seocheon-dong, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 446-701, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology, Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology (Autonomous), Gandipet, 500075, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India
| | - Sanath Kondaveeti
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul, 05029, South Korea
| | | | - Booki Min
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Seocheon-dong, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 446-701, Republic of Korea.
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Muneeswaran G, Patel SKS, Kondaveeti S, Shanmugam R, Gopinath K, Kumar V, Kim SY, Lee JK, Kalia VC, Kim IW. Biotin and Zn 2+ Increase Xylitol Production by Candida tropicalis. Indian J Microbiol 2021; 61:331-337. [PMID: 34294999 PMCID: PMC8263835 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-021-00960-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the medium requirements to increase the production of xylitol by using Candida tropicalis (CT) have been investigated. The technique of single addition or omission of medium components was applied to determine the nutritional requirements. The addition of amino acids such as Asp, Glu, Gln, Asn, Thr, and Gly had no significant effect on CT growth. However, in the absence of other metal ions, there was a higher concentration of cell growth and xylitol production when only Zn2+ was present in the medium. The analysis of various vitamins unveiled that biotin and thiamine were the only vitamins required for the growth of CT. Surprisingly, when only biotin was present in the medium as a vitamin, there was less growth of CT than when the medium was complete, but the amount of xylitol released was significantly higher. Overall, this study will increase the xylitol production using the single omission or addtion technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurusamy Muneeswaran
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Sanjay K. S. Patel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Sanath Kondaveeti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Ramasamy Shanmugam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Krishnasamy Gopinath
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Virendra Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Yong Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Shin-Ansan University, Ansan, 15435 Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Kul Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Vipin Chandra Kalia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - In-Won Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
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Pagolu R, Singh R, Shanmugam R, Kondaveeti S, Patel SKS, Kalia VC, Lee JK. Site-directed lysine modification of xylanase for oriented immobilization onto silicon dioxide nanoparticles. Bioresour Technol 2021; 331:125063. [PMID: 33813167 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Enhanced covalent immobilization of xylanase from Chaetomium globosum (XylCg) onto SiO2 nanoparticles was achieved by the modification of surface residues. The mutation of surface residues to lysine by site-directed mutagenesis increased the immobilization efficiency (IE) and immobilization yield (IY). The immobilized mutant XylCg (N172K-H173K-S176K-K133A-K148A) exhibited an IY of 99.5% and IE of 135%, which were 1.8- and 4.3-fold higher than immobilized wildtype (WT). Regarding the catalytic properties, the kcat and kcat/Km values were 1850 s-1 and 2030 mL mg-1 s-1 for the immobilized mutant, and 331 s-1 and 404 mL mg-1 s-1 for the immobilized WT, respectively. Additionally, the immobilized mutant exhibited four times higher thermal stability than the immobilized WT at 60 °C. These results suggest that surface-mutated lysine residues confer good stability and orientation on the support matrix, thus improving the overall performance of xylanase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raviteja Pagolu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Raushan Singh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Ramasamy Shanmugam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanath Kondaveeti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanjay K S Patel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Vipin Chandra Kalia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Kul Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
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Patel SKS, Gupta RK, Kumar V, Kondaveeti S, Kumar A, Das D, Kalia VC, Lee JK. Correction to: Biomethanol Production from Methane by Immobilized Co-cultures of Methanotrophs. Indian J Microbiol 2021; 61:396. [PMID: 34295005 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-021-00946-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s12088-020-00883-6.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay K S Patel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Rahul K Gupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Virendra Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Sanath Kondaveeti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Anurag Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Devashish Das
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Vipin Chandra Kalia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Kul Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
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Patel SKS, Gupta RK, Kondaveeti S, Otari SV, Kumar A, Kalia VC, Lee JK. Conversion of biogas to methanol by methanotrophs immobilized on chemically modified chitosan. Bioresour Technol 2020; 315:123791. [PMID: 32679540 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, chitosan modified with glutaraldehyde (GLA), 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES), polyethyleneimine, and APTES followed by GLA (APTES-GLA) as a support material was used to improve methanol production from biogas. Among these support materials, chitosan-APTES-GLA showed the highest increase in immobilization yield and relative efficiency of Methylomicrobium album up to 56.4% and 97.7%, respectively. Maximum cell loading of 236 mg dry cell mass per g-support was observed for M. album., which is 7.7-fold higher than that of chitosan. The immobilized M. album maintained a 23.9-fold higher methanol production compared to free cells after 8 cycles of reuse; it also produced 6.92 mmol·L-1 methanol from biogas that originated from anaerobic digestion of rice straw, thereby validating its industrial application. This is the first report on the immobilization of methanotrophs on chemically modified chitosans to improve cell loading and relative efficiency, and its potential applications in the conversion of greenhouse gases to methanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay K S Patel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Rahul K Gupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanath Kondaveeti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sachin V Otari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Anurag Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Vipin C Kalia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Kul Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
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Kondaveeti S, Patel SKS, Woo J, Wee JH, Kim SY, Al-Raoush RI, Kim IW, Kalia VC, Lee JK. Characterization of Cellobiohydrolases from Schizophyllum commune KMJ820. Indian J Microbiol 2020; 60:160-166. [PMID: 32255848 PMCID: PMC7105533 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-019-00843-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel cellobiohydrolase (CBH)-generating fungi have been isolated and categorized as Schizophyllum commune KMJ820 based on morphology and rDNA gene sequence. Cellulose powder was used as carbon source, the total enzyme activity was 11.51 U/ml is noted; which is among the highest amounts of CBH-generating microbes studied. CBH have been purified to homogenize, with pursual of serial chromatography using S. commune supernatants and two different CBHs were found; CBH 1 and 2. The filtered CBHs showed greater activity (V max = 51.4 and 20.8 U/mg) in contrast to CBHs from earlier studies. The MW (molecular weights) of S. commune CBH 1 and 2 were verified to be approximately 50 kDa and 150 kDa, respectively, by size exclusion chromatography. Even though CBHs have been evaluated from other sources, but S. commune CBH is prominent in comparison to other CBHs by its high enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanath Kondaveeti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Sanjay K. S. Patel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Janghun Woo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyang Wee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Shin-Ansan University, Ansan, 15435 Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Yong Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Shin-Ansan University, Ansan, 15435 Republic of Korea
| | - Riyadh I. Al-Raoush
- Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - In-Won Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Vipin Chandra Kalia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Kul Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
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Patel SKS, Gupta RK, Kumar V, Kondaveeti S, Kumar A, Das D, Kalia VC, Lee JK. Biomethanol Production from Methane by Immobilized Co-cultures of Methanotrophs. Indian J Microbiol 2020; 60:318-324. [PMID: 32647392 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-020-00883-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Methanol production by co-culture of methanotrophs Methylocystis bryophila and Methyloferula stellata was examined from methane, a greenhouse gas. Co-culture exhibited higher methanol yield of 4.72 mM at optimum ratio of M. bryophila and M. stellata (3:2) compared to individual cultures. The immobilized co-culture within polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) showed relative efficiency of 90.1% for methanol production at polymer concentration of 10% (v/v). The immobilized co-culture cells within PVA resulted in higher bioprocess stability over free cells at different pH, and temperatures. Free and encapsulated co-cultures showed maximum methanol production of 4.81 and 5.37 mM under optimum conditions, respectively. After five cycles of reusage under batch conditions, free and encapsulated co-cultures retained methanol production efficiency of 23.8 and 61.9%, respectively. The present investigation successfully revealed the useful influence of co-culture on the methanol production over pure culture. Further, encapsulation within the polymeric matrix proved to be a better approach for the enhanced stability of the bioprocess.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay K S Patel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Rahul K Gupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Virendra Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Sanath Kondaveeti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Anurag Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Devashish Das
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Vipin Chandra Kalia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Kul Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
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Kondaveeti S, Pagolu R, Patel SKS, Kumar A, Bisht A, Das D, Kalia VC, Kim IW, Lee JK. Bioelectrochemical Detoxification of Phenolic Compounds during Enzymatic Pre-Treatment of Rice Straw. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 29:1760-1768. [PMID: 31693832 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.1909.09042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The use of lignocellulosic biomass such as rice straw can help subsidize the cost of producing value-added chemicals. However, inhibitory compounds, such as phenolics, produced during the pre-treatment of biomass, hamper the saccharification process. Laccase and electrochemical stimuli are both well known to reduce phenolic compounds. Therefore, in this study, we implemented a bioelectrochemical detoxification system (BEDS), a consolidated electrochemical and enzymatic process involving laccase, to enhance the detoxification of phenolics, and thus achieve a higher saccharification efficiency. Saccharification of pretreated rice straw using BEDS at 1.5 V showed 90% phenolic reduction (Phr), thereby resulting in a maximum saccharification yield of 85%. In addition, the specific power consumption when using BEDS (2.2 W/Kg Phr) was noted to be 24% lower than by the electrochemical process alone (2.89 W/kg Phr). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to implement BEDS for reduction of phenolic compounds in pretreated biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanath Kondaveeti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Raviteja Pagolu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanjay K S Patel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Aarti Bisht
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Devashish Das
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Vipin Chandra Kalia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Won Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Kul Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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Kondaveeti S, Lee SH, Park HD, Min B. Specific enrichment of different Geobacter sp. in anode biofilm by varying interspatial distance of electrodes in air-cathode microbial fuel cell (MFC). Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.135388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Kondaveeti S, Mohanakrishna G, Kumar A, Lai C, Lee JK, Kalia VC. Exploitation of Citrus Peel Extract as a Feedstock for Power Generation in Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC). Indian J Microbiol 2019; 59:476-481. [PMID: 31762511 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-019-00829-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are envisioned as an evolving cost-effective process for treating organic wastes to simultaneously generate bioelectricity. Therefore, in present study a single chambered mediator- less air cathode MFC was operated for bioelectricity generation using citrus waste (CW) as a feedstock. The MFC was operated at four organic loading conditions (OLs; 3, 6, 9 and 12 kg/m3). The voltage generation and organic content reduction demonstrated the possibility of utilizing CW as a substrate in MFC. The polarization analysis revealed a high-power generation of 71.1 mW/m2 with low OL of 3 kg/m3. The decrease in pH and high volatile fatty acids (VFAs) generation was noted at high OL. Our current findings suggest better performance of MFC, in terms of energy generation and organic reduction at high OL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanath Kondaveeti
- 1Division of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Gunda Mohanakrishna
- 2Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P O Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Anurag Kumar
- 1Division of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Chunfen Lai
- 1Division of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Kul Lee
- 1Division of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Vipin C Kalia
- 1Division of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
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Kondaveeti S, Kang E, Liu H, Min B. Continuous autotrophic denitrification process for treating ammonium-rich leachate wastewater in bioelectrochemical denitrification system (BEDS). Bioelectrochemistry 2019; 130:107340. [PMID: 31450170 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2019.107340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The reduction of nitrogen compounds in aqueous solution is extremely important for sustainable management of ecosystem and human health. An autotrophic bioelectrochemical denitrification (BED) process was evaluated at various conditions for enhanced treatment of synthetic wastewater (SW) and ammonium-rich leachate. With SW, a decrease in hydraulic retention time (HRT: 41.6 to 8.3 h) resulted in a 370% increase in denitrification rate from 0.026 to 0.096 kg NO3-N/m3. D. An increase in applied voltage (0.7 to 2 V) enhanced nitrate removal (81 to 97% removal), but coulombic efficiency decreased from 74% to 19%. With doubled cathode electrodes, the nitrate removal rate was doubled from 0.056 to 0.114 kg NO3-N/m3. D. Moreover, leachate wastewater was successfully denitrified with the maximum removal rate of 0.121 kg NO3-N/m3. D. These results point towards the practical potential for the combination of nitrification systems with BEDS for reduction of nitrogen for discharge purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanath Kondaveeti
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Seocheon-dong, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunha Kang
- Environmental Science, Urban and Environmental Research Division, Suwon Research Institute 126 Suin-ro, Kwonseon-gu, Suwon, Kyonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Biological and Ecological Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Booki Min
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Seocheon-dong, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Republic of Korea.
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Kondaveeti S, Abu-Reesh IM, Mohanakrishna G, Pant D, He Z. Utilization of residual organics of Labaneh whey for renewable energy generation through bioelectrochemical processes: Strategies for enhanced substrate conversion and energy generation. Bioresour Technol 2019; 286:121409. [PMID: 31078076 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Labaneh whey (LW) that is rich in residual organics was evaluated for bioelectricity generation using microbial fuel cell (MFC) in two different configurations namely single chamber (MFC-SC) and dual chamber (MFC-DC) MFCs. The whole study was executed in three stages: The first stage evidenced promising amount of bioelectricity generation (DC, 643 mV; SC, 545 mV) along with chemical oxygen demand removal (CODr: DC, 60.63%; SC, CODr: 55.25%). In the second phase, activity of anodic electrogenic microbes was improved with short time poising at potentials of 400, 600 and 800 mV, among which 800 mV evidenced 2.24 (DC) and 1.60 (SC) fold enhancement in power generation along with significant improvement in substrate degradation. The third phase was solely focused on bioelectrochemical treatment of LW through applied potentials for extended period. This phase achieved 89 and 94% chemical oxygen demand (COD) degradation using SC and DC configurations, respectively at 800 mV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanath Kondaveeti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ibrahim M Abu-Reesh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Gunda Mohanakrishna
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Deepak Pant
- Separation & Conversion Technologies, VITO - Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Zhen He
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
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Kondaveeti S, Mohanakrishna G, Pagolu R, Kim IW, Kalia VC, Lee JK. Bioelectrogenesis from Raw Algal Biomass Through Microbial Fuel Cells: Effect of Acetate as Co-substrate. Indian J Microbiol 2019; 59:22-26. [PMID: 30728627 PMCID: PMC6328417 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-018-0769-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Algae are autotrophic organisms that are widespread in water bodies. Increased pollution in water bodies leads to eutrophication. However, algae growing in lakes undergoing eutrophication could be utilized towards the generation of added-value bio-electricity using microbial fuel cells (MFCs). In the present study, two methods of electricity generation using raw algae (RA) and RA + acetate (AC) as co-substrate were analyzed in single chamber air cathode MFCs. MFCs supplemented with RA and RA + AC clearly showed higher power density, greater current generation, and improved COD (chemical oxygen demand) removal, which demonstrated the feasibility of using AC as substrate for MFC. The MFC-RA + AC (0.48 mA) generated 28% higher current relative to that generated by MFC with RA alone. Notably, the maximum power densities generated by MFC-RA and MFC-RA + AC were 230 and 410 mW/m2, respectively. MFC-RA and MFC-RA + AC exhibited TCOD (total chemical oxygen reduction) removal values of 77% and 86.6%, respectively. Despite the high influent TCOD (758 mg/l) concentration, the MFC-RA + AC exhibited an 8.5% higher COD removal relative to that of MFC-RA (525 mg/l). Our current findings demonstrated effective energy generation using algae biomass with a co-substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanath Kondaveeti
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Gunda Mohanakrishna
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P O Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Raviteja Pagolu
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - In-Won Kim
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Vipin C. Kalia
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Kul Lee
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
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Singh RK, Singh R, Sivakumar D, Kondaveeti S, Kim T, Li J, Sung BH, Cho BK, Kim DR, Kim SC, Kalia VC, Zhang YHPJ, Zhao H, Kang YC, Lee JK. Insights into Cell-Free Conversion of CO2 to Chemicals by a Multienzyme Cascade Reaction. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b02646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raushan Kumar Singh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Ranjitha Singh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Dakshinamurthy Sivakumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanath Kondaveeti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Taedoo Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinglin Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Hyun Sung
- Bioenergy and Biochemical Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Kwan Cho
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Rip Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Chang Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Vipin C. Kalia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yi-Heng P. Job Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Huimin Zhao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Yun Chan Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Anam-Dong, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Kul Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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Mohanakrishna G, Abu-Reesh IM, Kondaveeti S, Al-Raoush RI, He Z. Enhanced treatment of petroleum refinery wastewater by short-term applied voltage in single chamber microbial fuel cell. Bioresour Technol 2018; 253:16-21. [PMID: 29328930 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemically active anodic biofilm that has adapted under mild applied potentials in the range 100-500 mV was evaluated for its improved bioelectrogenesis and bioelectrochemical treatment of petroleum refinery wastewater (PRW) in a single chamber air cathode microbial fuel cell (MFC). MFC operation with 500 mV as supplemental voltage has exhibited a maximum power density of 132 mW/m2, which was three times higher than control MFC (45 mW/m2). Similarly, highest substrate removal efficiency (48%) was also obtained with the MFC of 500 mV, followed by 300 mV (37%), 100 mV (32%) and control (27%). Adaptation under applied potential conditions also exhibited enhanced degradation efficiency of diesel range organics (DROs)/straight chain-alkanes. The strategy efficiently reduced DROs with the maximum efficiency of 89% (500 mV), which is almost 50% higher than that of the control system (59%), demonstrating the effectiveness of using supplemented voltage in treating PRW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunda Mohanakrishna
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P O Box 2713 Doha, Qatar
| | - Ibrahim M Abu-Reesh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P O Box 2713 Doha, Qatar.
| | - Sanath Kondaveeti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P O Box 2713 Doha, Qatar
| | - Riyadh I Al-Raoush
- Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P O Box 2713 Doha, Qatar
| | - Zhen He
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
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Kondaveeti S, Kakarla R, Kim HS, Kim BG, Min B. The performance and long-term stability of low-cost separators in single-chamber bottle-type microbial fuel cells. Environ Technol 2018; 39:288-297. [PMID: 28278086 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1299223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluates long-term stability of low-cost separators in single-chamber bottle-type microbial fuel cells with domestic wastewater. Low-cost separators tested in this study were nonwoven fabrics (NWF) of polypropylene (PP80, PP100), textile fabrics of polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), sulfonated polyphenylene sulfide (SPPS), and cellulose esters. NWF PP80 separator generated the highest power density of 280 mW/m2, which was higher than with ion-exchange membranes (cation exchange membrane; CEM = 271 mW/m2, cation exchange membrane; CMI = 196 mW/m2, Nafion = 260 mW/m2). MFC operations with other size-selective separators such as SPPS, PPS, and cellulose esters exhibited power densities of 261, 231, and 250 mW/m2, respectively. During a 280-day operation, initial power density of PP80 (278 mW/m2) was decreased to 257 mW/m2, but this decrease was smaller than with others (Nafion: 265-230 mW/m2; PP100: 220-126 mW/m2). The anode potential of around -430 mV did not change much with all separators in the long-term operation, but the initial cathode potential gradually decreased. Fouling analysis suggested that the presence of carbonaceous substance on Nafion and PP80 after 280 days of operation and Nafion was subject to be more biofouling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanath Kondaveeti
- a Department of Environmental Science and Engineering , Kyung Hee University , Yongin-si , Republic of Korea
| | - Ramesh Kakarla
- a Department of Environmental Science and Engineering , Kyung Hee University , Yongin-si , Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Suck Kim
- b MFC R & BD Center , Water Management & Research Center, K-water Institute, K-water , Daejeon , Korea
| | - Byung-Goon Kim
- b MFC R & BD Center , Water Management & Research Center, K-water Institute, K-water , Daejeon , Korea
| | - Booki Min
- a Department of Environmental Science and Engineering , Kyung Hee University , Yongin-si , Republic of Korea
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Hibberd ML, Levin M, Kondaveeti S. The Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism in the t-PA Gene Does Not Significantly Affect Outcome of Meningococcal Disease. Thromb Haemost 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1614656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Choi KS, Kondaveeti S, Min B. Bioelectrochemical methane (CH 4) production in anaerobic digestion at different supplemental voltages. Bioresour Technol 2017; 245:826-832. [PMID: 28926915 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.09.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) at various cell voltages (0.5, 0.7 1.0 and 1.5V) were operated in anaerobic fermentation. During the start-up period, the cathode potential decreased from -0.63 to -1.01V, and CH4 generation increased from 168 to 199ml. At an applied voltage of 1.0V, the highest methane yields of 408.3ml CH4/g COD glucose was obtained, which was 30.3% higher than in the control tests (313.4ml CH4/g COD glucose). The average current of 5.1mA was generated at 1.0V at which the maximum methane yield was obtained. The other average currents were 1.42, 3.02, 0.53mA at 0.5, 0.7, and 1.5V, respectively. Cyclic voltammetry and EIS analysis revealed that enhanced reduction currents were present at all cell voltages with biocatalyzed cathode electrodes (no reduction without biofilm), and the highest value was obtained with 1V external voltage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Soon Choi
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanath Kondaveeti
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Booki Min
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea.
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Kondaveeti S, Moon JM, Min B. Optimum spacing between electrodes in an air-cathode single chamber microbial fuel cell with a low-cost polypropylene separator. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2017; 40:1851-1858. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-017-1838-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kondaveeti S, Min B. Bioelectrochemical reduction of volatile fatty acids in anaerobic digestion effluent for the production of biofuels. Water Res 2015; 87:137-44. [PMID: 26402877 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Revised: 08/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
This study proves for the first time the feasibility of biofuel production from anaerobic digestion effluent via bioelectrochemical cell operation at various applied cell voltages (1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 V). An increase in cell voltage from 1 to 2 V resulted in more reduction current generation (-0.48 to -0.78 mA) at a lowered cathode potential (-0.45 to -0.84 mV vs Ag/AgCl). Various alcohols were produced depending on applied cell voltages, and the main products were butanol, ethanol, and propanol. Hydrogen and methane production were also observed in the headspace of the cell. A large amount of lactic acid was unexpectedly formed at all conditions, which might be the primary cause of the limited biofuel production. The addition of neutral red (NR) to the system could increase the cathodic reduction current, and thus more biofuels were produced with an enhanced alcohol formation compared to without a mediator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanath Kondaveeti
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kyung Hee University, 1 Seocheon-dong, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Booki Min
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kyung Hee University, 1 Seocheon-dong, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Republic of Korea.
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Moon JM, Kondaveeti S, Lee TH, Song YC, Min B. Minimum interspatial electrode spacing to optimize air-cathode microbial fuel cell operation with a membrane electrode assembly. Bioelectrochemistry 2015; 106:263-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2015.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Kondaveeti S, Lee J, Kakarla R, Kim HS, Min B. Corrigendum to “Low-cost separators for enhanced power production and field application of microbial fuel cells (MFCs)” [Electrochimica Acta 132(2014) 434-440]. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.08.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Kondaveeti S, Lee J, Kakarla R, Kim HS, Min B. Low-cost separators for enhanced power production and field application of microbial fuel cells (MFCs). Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Kondaveeti S, Lee SH, Park HD, Min B. Bacterial communities in a bioelectrochemical denitrification system: the effects of supplemental electron acceptors. Water Res 2014; 51:25-36. [PMID: 24388828 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Revised: 11/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical treatment of nitrate (NO3(-)), nitrite (NO2(-)) and mixtures of nitrate and nitrite was evaluated with microbial catalysts on a cathode in three different bioelectrochemical denitrification systems (BEDS). The removal rates and removal percentage of nitrogen (N) compounds varied during biotic and abiotic operations. The biotic cathode using NO3(-)-N as an electron acceptor showed enhanced removal percentages (88%) compared to the operation with NO2(-)-N (85%). The simultaneous reduction of NO3(-)-N and NO2(-)-N occurred in the operation with a mixture of N compounds. The bacterial diversity from the initial inoculum (return sludge) changed at the end of bioelectrochemical denitrification operation after 55 days. The microbial community composition was different depending on the type of electron acceptor. BEDS operation with NO3(-)-N and NO2(-)-N was enriched with Proteobacteria and Firmicutes respectively. BEDS with a mixture of N electron acceptors showed enrichment with Proteobacteria. There was no clear, distinct microbial community between the cathode biofilm and suspended biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanath Kondaveeti
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Sang-Hoon Lee
- School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hee-Deung Park
- School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Booki Min
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.
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Faust SN, Levin M, Harrison OB, Goldin RD, Lockhart MS, Kondaveeti S, Laszik Z, Esmon CT, Heyderman RS. Dysfunction of endothelial protein C activation in severe meningococcal sepsis. N Engl J Med 2001; 345:408-16. [PMID: 11496851 DOI: 10.1056/nejm200108093450603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 422] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impairment of the protein C anticoagulation pathway is critical to the thrombosis associated with sepsis and to the development of purpura fulminans in meningococcemia. We studied the expression of thrombomodulin and the endothelial protein C receptor in the dermal microvasculature of children with severe meningococcemia and purpuric or petechial lesions. METHODS We assessed the integrity of the endothelium and the expression of thrombomodulin and the endothelial protein C receptor in biopsy specimens of purpuric lesions from 21 children with meningococcal sepsis (median age, 41 months), as compared with control skin-biopsy specimens. RESULTS The expression of endothelial thrombomodulin and of the endothelial protein C receptor was lower in the patients with meningococcal sepsis than in the controls, both in vessels with thrombosis and in vessels without thrombosis. On electron microscopical examination, the endothelial cells were generally intact in both thrombosed and nonthrombosed vessels. Plasma thrombomodulin levels in the children with meningococcal sepsis (median, 6.4 ng per liter) were higher than those in the controls (median, 3.6 ng per liter; P=0.002). Plasma levels, protein C antigen, protein S antigen, and antithrombin antigen were lower than those in the controls. In two patients treated with unactivated protein C concentrate, activated protein C was undetectable at the time of admission, and plasma levels remained low. CONCLUSIONS In severe meningococcal sepsis, protein C activation is impaired, a finding consistent with down-regulation of the endothelial thrombomodulin-endothelial protein C receptor pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- S N Faust
- Department of Paediatrics, Imperial College School of Medicine at St Mary's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the most serious complications of meningococcal disease is the syndrome of purpura fulminans, which is characterized by intravascular thrombosis and hemorrhagic infarction of skin, limbs and digits. The reasons why some patients with meningococcal disease develop purpura fulminans while others have minimal thrombotic and skin involvement despite having profound septic shock are not yet understood. The Factor V Leiden mutation (FV(L)) is associated with thrombotic events, and we hypothesized that children carrying FV(L) who develop meningococcal disease may be at increased risk of purpura fulminans. METHODS We determined the FV(L) genotype by PCR and restriction enzyme digestion (Mnl1) in 259 children with meningococcal disease and 80 healthy controls. In addition 79 parents of children with fatal meningococcal disease were studied. RESULTS There was no significant increase in the frequency of FV(L) in patients with meningococcal disease (10%) as compared with healthy controls (9%) or with the parents of children who died of meningococcal disease (12%). Although the mortality was not increased in patients heterozygous for FV(L), they had increased complications of purpura fulminans, as assessed by requirement for skin grafting, referral to plastic surgeon and/or amputation. Among survivors 5 of 24 (21%) of those heterozygous for FV(L) had complications, compared with 14 of 233 (7%) who were wild type [P < 0.03; relative risk, 3.1 (95% confidence intervals, 1.2 to 7.9)]. CONCLUSIONS FV(L) exacerbates purpura fulminans in meningococcal disease but does not have a significant effect on mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kondaveeti
- Department of Paediatrics, Imperial College School of Medicine at St. Mary's, London, UK
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Kondaveeti S, Hibberd ML, Levin M. The insertion/deletion polymorphism in the t-PA gene does not significantly affect outcome of meningococcal disease. Thromb Haemost 1999; 82:161-2. [PMID: 10456481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
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