1
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Teams assessing hospital noise against international guidelines regularly find that noise exceeds perceived safe levels in clinical settings. The care of sick people may be inherently noisy but recent efforts to tackle the problem propose a wider scope to identify sources and qualities of noise as well as more precision with noise recording. AIMS We sought to challenge the scientific evidence cited in the four major documents pertaining to hospital noise in the UK to clarify if evidence of harm from noise included in guidelines is available, contemporary and of high quality. METHODS Our team of hearing-health clinicians, acoustic scientists and acoustic engineers have conducted a narrative scoping review focused on critically appraising four of the most cited guidelines against which noise is measured in healthcare settings in the UK. RESULTS There is a lack of high-quality evidence for commonly accepted consequences of noise cited in current guidelines. CONCLUSIONS The current evidence base for noise guidelines in a healthcare setting is largely based on subjective heterogeneous and inconclusive research. Whilst reduced noise is not disputed as potentially beneficial for patient care, further hypothesis-driven research and interventions assessing the benefits or outcomes of any such intervention should be sought to produce high-quality evidence of relevance on the clinical coalface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Hampton
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, L3 5QA, UK
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK
| | | | | | - P J Lee
- Acoustics Research Unit, School of Architecture, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Toogood K, Pike T, Coe P, Everett S, Huggett M, Paranandi B, Bassi V, Toogood G, Smith A. The role of cholecystectomy following endoscopic sphincterotomy and bile duct stone removal. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2023; 105:607-613. [PMID: 35950513 PMCID: PMC10471440 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2022.0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Choledocholithiasis is common, with patients usually treated with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and subsequent cholecystectomy to remove the presumed source of common bile duct (CBD) stones. However, previous investigations into the management of patients following ERCP have focused on recurrent CBD stones, negating the risks of cholecystectomy. This article appraises the role of cholecystectomy following successful endoscopic clearance of bile duct stones. METHODS Patients undergoing ERCP and CBD clearance for choledocholithiasis at St James's University Hospital January 2015-December 2018 were included. Patients were divided into those who received cholecystectomy and those managed non-operatively. Readmissions, operative morbidity, mortality and treatment costs were investigated. RESULTS Eight hundred and forty-four patients received ERCP and CBD clearance with 3.9 years follow-up. Two hundred and nine patients underwent cholecystectomy with 15% requiring complex surgery. Three hundred and seventy-three patients were non-operatively managed. Unplanned readmissions occurred in 15% following ERCP, mostly within two years. There was no difference in readmissions between the two groups. Accounting for the entire patient pathway, non-operative management was less expensive. CONCLUSIONS The majority of patients do not require readmission following ERCP for CBD stones, and cholecystectomy did not reduce the risk of readmission. Few patients have recurrent CBD stones, but complex biliary surgery is frequently required. Routine cholecystectomy following ERCP needs to be re-evaluated and a more stratified approach to future risk developed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - P Coe
- St James’s University Hospital, UK
| | | | | | | | - V Bassi
- St James’s University Hospital, UK
| | | | - A Smith
- St James’s University Hospital, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bomback M, Everett S, Lyford A, Sahni R, Kim F, Baptiste C, Motelow JE, Tolia V, Clark R, Hays T. The Contribution of Commonly Diagnosed Genetic Disorders to Small for Gestational Age Birth and Subsequent Morbidity and Mortality in Preterm Infants. medRxiv 2023:2023.07.14.23292682. [PMID: 37503041 PMCID: PMC10371189 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.14.23292682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Objective Preterm infants born small, vs. appropriate for gestational age (SGA, AGA) are at greater risk for morbidity and mortality. The contribution of genetic disorders to preterm SGA birth, morbidity, and mortality is unknown. We sought to determine the association between genetic disorders and preterm SGA birth, and the association between genetic disorders and morbidity or mortality within preterm SGA infants. We hypothesized that genetic disorders were significantly associated with both. Study Design This was a retrospective multicenter cohort study of 409 339 infants, born 23-33 weeks' gestation between 2000 and 2020. The odds of preterm SGA (vs AGA) birth, and the odds of severe morbidity or mortality within SGA preterm infants were determined for infants with genetic disorders, after adjusting for known risk factors. Results Genetic disorders were present in 3.0 and 1.3% of SGA and AGA preterm infants respectively; genetic disorders conferred an aOR (95% CI) of 2.06 (1.92, 2.21) of SGA birth. Genetic disorders were present in 4.3 of preterm SGA infants with morbidity or mortality and 2.1% of preterm SGA infants that did not experience morbidity or mortality. Genetic disorders conferred an aOR (95% CI) of 2.12 (2.66, 3.08) of morbidity or mortality. Conclusions Genetic disorders are strongly associated with preterm SGA birth, morbidity, and mortality. Clinicians should consider genetic testing of preterm SGA infants, particularly in the setting of other comorbidities or anomalies. Prospective, genomic research is needed to clarify the contribution of genetic disorders to disease in this population.
Collapse
|
4
|
Badenoch T, Benton K, Jacobs E, Law S, Ahmed M, Curtis A, Everett S, Hunter I, Bamford R. 977 Breaking Out of Tradition: Designing Escape Rooms as Novel Simulation. Br J Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac269.392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
The emerging field of gamification, the addition of game play elements to non-game settings, is widely used in business and is increasingly being used in education. Successful methods have included live leader boards and a web-based game solving a protein folding conundrum.
Method
We designed an escape room (ER), incorporating gaming elements, focussing on communication in a surgical environment. A cross over study was delivered to 4th year medical students, comparing traditional simulation. The ER included logic puzzles, hidden clues, padlocked boxes, and surgical skills appropriate to their level. Self-reported engagement and teamwork were recorded, as was observed teamwork and communication skills.
Results
Self-reported engagement was very high for the students compared to more traditional simulation, including better understanding of effective communication strategies. The ER group were less likely to self-identify learning points but structured debrief mitigated this difference.
Conclusions
Gamification techniques can be integrated with good engagement and educational outcomes and should be considered as an adjunct to existing simulation strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Badenoch
- Musgrove Park Hospital , Taunton , United Kingdom
| | - K Benton
- Musgrove Park Hospital , Taunton , United Kingdom
| | - E Jacobs
- Musgrove Park Hospital , Taunton , United Kingdom
| | - S Law
- Musgrove Park Hospital , Taunton , United Kingdom
| | - M Ahmed
- Musgrove Park Hospital , Taunton , United Kingdom
| | - A Curtis
- Musgrove Park Hospital , Taunton , United Kingdom
| | - S Everett
- Musgrove Park Hospital , Taunton , United Kingdom
| | - I Hunter
- Musgrove Park Hospital , Taunton , United Kingdom
| | - R Bamford
- Musgrove Park Hospital , Taunton , United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Badenoch T, Benton K, Jacobs E, Curtis A, Law S, Everett S, Ahmed M, Hunter I, Bamford R. 971 Gamification of Education; Can Playable Education Result in Better Learning Outcomes? Br J Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac269.414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
Combining traditional simulation (TS) and the emerging field of gamification, to create medical Escape Rooms (ERS) has been used in Nursing to good results but is yet to be widely adopted in medical education. We conducted a pilot study to create ERS for undergraduates to assess their educational value.
Method
Existing Simulation themes of sepsis, post-operative bleeding, trauma, burns and communication in the theatre environment were developed into Escape Rooms by a multidisciplinary team. A cross over study for 4th year students was carried out. Questionnaires were used to evaluate the experience, learning assessed by pre and post quiz and observational tools for teamwork, communication and leadership were utilised.
Results
Qualitative data demonstrated overall good feedback on enjoyment an engagement. Quantitative data collected as pre- and post-exposure learning demonstrated equivocal benefit. Self-assessed teamwork showed equal in all domains and improved in contribution of knowledge and maintaining team focus on the ER group.
Conclusions
Participants find ER enjoyable have similar educational benefits of traditional simulation with the benefits on enhancing non-technical skills amongst a novice group. Escape rooms may be useful as an adjunct to TS particularly at developing non-technical skills.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Badenoch
- Musgrove Park Hospital , Taunton , United Kingdom
| | - K Benton
- Musgrove Park Hospital , Taunton , United Kingdom
| | - E Jacobs
- Musgrove Park Hospital , Taunton , United Kingdom
| | - A Curtis
- Musgrove Park Hospital , Taunton , United Kingdom
| | - S Law
- Musgrove Park Hospital , Taunton , United Kingdom
| | - S Everett
- Musgrove Park Hospital , Taunton , United Kingdom
| | - M Ahmed
- Musgrove Park Hospital , Taunton , United Kingdom
| | - I Hunter
- Musgrove Park Hospital , Taunton , United Kingdom
| | - R Bamford
- Musgrove Park Hospital , Taunton , United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Pandey S, Krause E, DeRose J, MacCrann N, Jain B, Crocce M, Blazek J, Choi A, Huang H, To C, Fang X, Elvin-Poole J, Prat J, Porredon A, Secco L, Rodriguez-Monroy M, Weaverdyck N, Park Y, Raveri M, Rozo E, Rykoff E, Bernstein G, Sánchez C, Jarvis M, Troxel M, Zacharegkas G, Chang C, Alarcon A, Alves O, Amon A, Andrade-Oliveira F, Baxter E, Bechtol K, Becker M, Camacho H, Campos A, Carnero Rosell A, Carrasco Kind M, Cawthon R, Chen R, Chintalapati P, Davis C, Di Valentino E, Diehl H, Dodelson S, Doux C, Drlica-Wagner A, Eckert K, Eifler T, Elsner F, Everett S, Farahi A, Ferté A, Fosalba P, Friedrich O, Gatti M, Giannini G, Gruen D, Gruendl R, Harrison I, Hartley W, Huff E, Huterer D, Kovacs A, Leget P, McCullough J, Muir J, Myles J, Navarro-Alsina A, Omori Y, Rollins R, Roodman A, Rosenfeld R, Sevilla-Noarbe I, Sheldon E, Shin T, Troja A, Tutusaus I, Varga T, Wechsler R, Yanny B, Yin B, Zhang Y, Zuntz J, Abbott T, Aguena M, Allam S, Annis J, Bacon D, Bertin E, Brooks D, Burke D, Carretero J, Conselice C, Costanzi M, da Costa L, Pereira M, De Vicente J, Dietrich J, Doel P, Evrard A, Ferrero I, Flaugher B, Frieman J, García-Bellido J, Gaztanaga E, Gerdes D, Giannantonio T, Gschwend J, Gutierrez G, Hinton S, Hollowood D, Honscheid K, James D, Jeltema T, Kuehn K, Kuropatkin N, Lahav O, Lima M, Lin H, Maia M, Marshall J, Melchior P, Menanteau F, Miller C, Miquel R, Mohr J, Morgan R, Palmese A, Paz-Chinchón F, Petravick D, Pieres A, Plazas Malagón A, Sanchez E, Scarpine V, Serrano S, Smith M, Soares-Santos M, Suchyta E, Tarle G, Thomas D, Weller J. Dark Energy Survey year 3 results: Constraints on cosmological parameters and galaxy-bias models from galaxy clustering and galaxy-galaxy lensing using the redMaGiC sample. Int J Clin Exp Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.106.043520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
7
|
Collins RL, Glessner JT, Porcu E, Lepamets M, Brandon R, Lauricella C, Han L, Morley T, Niestroj LM, Ulirsch J, Everett S, Howrigan DP, Boone PM, Fu J, Karczewski KJ, Kellaris G, Lowther C, Lucente D, Mohajeri K, Nõukas M, Nuttle X, Samocha KE, Trinh M, Ullah F, Võsa U, Hurles ME, Aradhya S, Davis EE, Finucane H, Gusella JF, Janze A, Katsanis N, Matyakhina L, Neale BM, Sanders D, Warren S, Hodge JC, Lal D, Ruderfer DM, Meck J, Mägi R, Esko T, Reymond A, Kutalik Z, Hakonarson H, Sunyaev S, Brand H, Talkowski ME. A cross-disorder dosage sensitivity map of the human genome. Cell 2022; 185:3041-3055.e25. [PMID: 35917817 PMCID: PMC9742861 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Rare copy-number variants (rCNVs) include deletions and duplications that occur infrequently in the global human population and can confer substantial risk for disease. In this study, we aimed to quantify the properties of haploinsufficiency (i.e., deletion intolerance) and triplosensitivity (i.e., duplication intolerance) throughout the human genome. We harmonized and meta-analyzed rCNVs from nearly one million individuals to construct a genome-wide catalog of dosage sensitivity across 54 disorders, which defined 163 dosage sensitive segments associated with at least one disorder. These segments were typically gene dense and often harbored dominant dosage sensitive driver genes, which we were able to prioritize using statistical fine-mapping. Finally, we designed an ensemble machine-learning model to predict probabilities of dosage sensitivity (pHaplo & pTriplo) for all autosomal genes, which identified 2,987 haploinsufficient and 1,559 triplosensitive genes, including 648 that were uniquely triplosensitive. This dosage sensitivity resource will provide broad utility for human disease research and clinical genetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan L Collins
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Division of Medical Sciences and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Joseph T Glessner
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Eleonora Porcu
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maarja Lepamets
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, 51010 Tartu, Estonia; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, 51010 Tartu, Estonia
| | | | | | - Lide Han
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, and Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Theodore Morley
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, and Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | | | - Jacob Ulirsch
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Division of Medical Sciences and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Selin Everett
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Daniel P Howrigan
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Philip M Boone
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jack Fu
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Konrad J Karczewski
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Georgios Kellaris
- Advanced Center for Translational and Genetic Medicine, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Chelsea Lowther
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Diane Lucente
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Kiana Mohajeri
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Division of Medical Sciences and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Margit Nõukas
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, 51010 Tartu, Estonia; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, 51010 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Xander Nuttle
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Kaitlin E Samocha
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Division of Medical Sciences and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Human Genetics Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10, UK
| | - Mi Trinh
- Human Genetics Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10, UK
| | - Farid Ullah
- Advanced Center for Translational and Genetic Medicine, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Urmo Võsa
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, 51010 Tartu, Estonia
| | | | | | - Matthew E Hurles
- Human Genetics Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10, UK
| | | | - Erica E Davis
- Advanced Center for Translational and Genetic Medicine, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Hilary Finucane
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - James F Gusella
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | | | - Nicholas Katsanis
- Advanced Center for Translational and Genetic Medicine, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | | | - Benjamin M Neale
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | | | | | - Jennelle C Hodge
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Dennis Lal
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, 51149 Cologne, Germany; Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Douglas M Ruderfer
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, and Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Center for Precision Medicine, Department of Biomedical Informatics, and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | | | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, 51010 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, 51010 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Alexandre Reymond
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Zoltán Kutalik
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Center for Primary Care and Public Health, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Shamil Sunyaev
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Division of Medical Sciences and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Harrison Brand
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Pediatric Surgical Research Laboratories, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Michael E Talkowski
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abbott T, Aguena M, Alarcon A, Allam S, Alves O, Amon A, Andrade-Oliveira F, Annis J, Avila S, Bacon D, Baxter E, Bechtol K, Becker M, Bernstein G, Bhargava S, Birrer S, Blazek J, Brandao-Souza A, Bridle S, Brooks D, Buckley-Geer E, Burke D, Camacho H, Campos A, Carnero Rosell A, Carrasco Kind M, Carretero J, Castander F, Cawthon R, Chang C, Chen A, Chen R, Choi A, Conselice C, Cordero J, Costanzi M, Crocce M, da Costa L, da Silva Pereira M, Davis C, Davis T, De Vicente J, DeRose J, Desai S, Di Valentino E, Diehl H, Dietrich J, Dodelson S, Doel P, Doux C, Drlica-Wagner A, Eckert K, Eifler T, Elsner F, Elvin-Poole J, Everett S, Evrard A, Fang X, Farahi A, Fernandez E, Ferrero I, Ferté A, Fosalba P, Friedrich O, Frieman J, García-Bellido J, Gatti M, Gaztanaga E, Gerdes D, Giannantonio T, Giannini G, Gruen D, Gruendl R, Gschwend J, Gutierrez G, Harrison I, Hartley W, Herner K, Hinton S, Hollowood D, Honscheid K, Hoyle B, Huff E, Huterer D, Jain B, James D, Jarvis M, Jeffrey N, Jeltema T, Kovacs A, Krause E, Kron R, Kuehn K, Kuropatkin N, Lahav O, Leget PF, Lemos P, Liddle A, Lidman C, Lima M, Lin H, MacCrann N, Maia M, Marshall J, Martini P, McCullough J, Melchior P, Mena-Fernández J, Menanteau F, Miquel R, Mohr J, Morgan R, Muir J, Myles J, Nadathur S, Navarro-Alsina A, Nichol R, Ogando R, Omori Y, Palmese A, Pandey S, Park Y, Paz-Chinchón F, Petravick D, Pieres A, Plazas Malagón A, Porredon A, Prat J, Raveri M, Rodriguez-Monroy M, Rollins R, Romer A, Roodman A, Rosenfeld R, Ross A, Rykoff E, Samuroff S, Sánchez C, Sanchez E, Sanchez J, Sanchez Cid D, Scarpine V, Schubnell M, Scolnic D, Secco L, Serrano S, Sevilla-Noarbe I, Sheldon E, Shin T, Smith M, Soares-Santos M, Suchyta E, Swanson M, Tabbutt M, Tarle G, Thomas D, To C, Troja A, Troxel M, Tucker D, Tutusaus I, Varga T, Walker A, Weaverdyck N, Wechsler R, Weller J, Yanny B, Yin B, Zhang Y, Zuntz J. Dark Energy Survey Year 3 results: Cosmological constraints from galaxy clustering and weak lensing. Int J Clin Exp Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.105.023520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
9
|
Amon A, Gruen D, Troxel M, MacCrann N, Dodelson S, Choi A, Doux C, Secco L, Samuroff S, Krause E, Cordero J, Myles J, DeRose J, Wechsler R, Gatti M, Navarro-Alsina A, Bernstein G, Jain B, Blazek J, Alarcon A, Ferté A, Lemos P, Raveri M, Campos A, Prat J, Sánchez C, Jarvis M, Alves O, Andrade-Oliveira F, Baxter E, Bechtol K, Becker M, Bridle S, Camacho H, Carnero Rosell A, Carrasco Kind M, Cawthon R, Chang C, Chen R, Chintalapati P, Crocce M, Davis C, Diehl H, Drlica-Wagner A, Eckert K, Eifler T, Elvin-Poole J, Everett S, Fang X, Fosalba P, Friedrich O, Gaztanaga E, Giannini G, Gruendl R, Harrison I, Hartley W, Herner K, Huang H, Huff E, Huterer D, Kuropatkin N, Leget P, Liddle A, McCullough J, Muir J, Pandey S, Park Y, Porredon A, Refregier A, Rollins R, Roodman A, Rosenfeld R, Ross A, Rykoff E, Sanchez J, Sevilla-Noarbe I, Sheldon E, Shin T, Troja A, Tutusaus I, Tutusaus I, Varga T, Weaverdyck N, Yanny B, Yin B, Zhang Y, Zuntz J, Aguena M, Allam S, Annis J, Bacon D, Bertin E, Bhargava S, Brooks D, Buckley-Geer E, Burke D, Carretero J, Costanzi M, da Costa L, Pereira M, De Vicente J, Desai S, Dietrich J, Doel P, Ferrero I, Flaugher B, Frieman J, García-Bellido J, Gaztanaga E, Gerdes D, Giannantonio T, Gschwend J, Gutierrez G, Hinton S, Hollowood D, Honscheid K, Hoyle B, James D, Kron R, Kuehn K, Lahav O, Lima M, Lin H, Maia M, Marshall J, Martini P, Melchior P, Menanteau F, Miquel R, Mohr J, Morgan R, Ogando R, Palmese A, Paz-Chinchón F, Petravick D, Pieres A, Romer A, Sanchez E, Scarpine V, Schubnell M, Serrano S, Smith M, Soares-Santos M, Tarle G, Thomas D, To C, Weller J. Dark Energy Survey Year 3 results: Cosmology from cosmic shear and robustness to data calibration. Int J Clin Exp Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.105.023514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
10
|
Thompson N, Hampton T, Everett S, Krishnan M. 1103 How to Report Noise in The Operating Theatre. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab259.599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
The reporting of operating theatre noise in the surgical literature dates back almost 50 years. The existing standards for noise and sound reporting in healthcare settings is heterogenous and there is a need for greater uniformity of reporting to support our growing understanding of the significance of communication and human factors on surgical performance.
Method
This presentation summarizes the existing Surgical and Acoustic Engineering industrial expertise to provide a narrative review of literature, grey reports and guidelines and then demonstrates appropriate reporting standards during Noise level recording in an operating theatre environment.
Results
We describe LAmax, LA90and LAeq expected levels. We compare our own theatre noise levels against these recommended standards for comparison. This presentation also suggests a suitable “ambient noise” (LAeq 65dB) level over which any communication devices or communication studies should benchmark when developing interventions to overcome noise in the operating theatre.
Conclusions
This paper proposes possible unified reporting standards and expected sound pressure levels against which future studies in this field could benchmark.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Thompson
- Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - T Hampton
- Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - S Everett
- Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M Krishnan
- Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
To C, Krause E, Rozo E, Wu H, Gruen D, Wechsler RH, Eifler TF, Rykoff ES, Costanzi M, Becker MR, Bernstein GM, Blazek J, Bocquet S, Bridle SL, Cawthon R, Choi A, Crocce M, Davis C, DeRose J, Drlica-Wagner A, Elvin-Poole J, Fang X, Farahi A, Friedrich O, Gatti M, Gaztanaga E, Giannantonio T, Hartley WG, Hoyle B, Jarvis M, MacCrann N, McClintock T, Miranda V, Pereira MES, Park Y, Porredon A, Prat J, Rau MM, Ross AJ, Samuroff S, Sánchez C, Sevilla-Noarbe I, Sheldon E, Troxel MA, Varga TN, Vielzeuf P, Zhang Y, Zuntz J, Abbott TMC, Aguena M, Amon A, Annis J, Avila S, Bertin E, Bhargava S, Brooks D, Burke DL, Carnero Rosell A, Carrasco Kind M, Carretero J, Chang C, Conselice C, da Costa LN, Davis TM, Desai S, Diehl HT, Dietrich JP, Everett S, Evrard AE, Ferrero I, Flaugher B, Fosalba P, Frieman J, García-Bellido J, Gruendl RA, Gutierrez G, Hinton SR, Hollowood DL, Honscheid K, Huterer D, James DJ, Jeltema T, Kron R, Kuehn K, Kuropatkin N, Lima M, Maia MAG, Marshall JL, Menanteau F, Miquel R, Morgan R, Muir J, Myles J, Palmese A, Paz-Chinchón F, Plazas AA, Romer AK, Roodman A, Sanchez E, Santiago B, Scarpine V, Serrano S, Smith M, Suchyta E, Swanson MEC, Tarle G, Thomas D, Tucker DL, Weller J, Wester W, Wilkinson RD. Dark Energy Survey Year 1 Results: Cosmological Constraints from Cluster Abundances, Weak Lensing, and Galaxy Correlations. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:141301. [PMID: 33891448 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.141301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We present the first joint analysis of cluster abundances and auto or cross-correlations of three cosmic tracer fields: galaxy density, weak gravitational lensing shear, and cluster density split by optical richness. From a joint analysis (4×2pt+N) of cluster abundances, three cluster cross-correlations, and the auto correlations of the galaxy density measured from the first year data of the Dark Energy Survey, we obtain Ω_{m}=0.305_{-0.038}^{+0.055} and σ_{8}=0.783_{-0.054}^{+0.064}. This result is consistent with constraints from the DES-Y1 galaxy clustering and weak lensing two-point correlation functions for the flat νΛCDM model. Consequently, we combine cluster abundances and all two-point correlations from across all three cosmic tracer fields (6×2pt+N) and find improved constraints on cosmological parameters as well as on the cluster observable-mass scaling relation. This analysis is an important advance in both optical cluster cosmology and multiprobe analyses of upcoming wide imaging surveys.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C To
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology, P. O. Box 2450, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - E Krause
- Department of Astronomy/Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, Arizona 85721-0065, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - E Rozo
- Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - H Wu
- Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
- Department of Physics, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho 83725, USA
| | - D Gruen
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology, P. O. Box 2450, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - R H Wechsler
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology, P. O. Box 2450, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - T F Eifler
- Department of Astronomy/Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, Arizona 85721-0065, USA
| | - E S Rykoff
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology, P. O. Box 2450, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M Costanzi
- INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, via G. B. Tiepolo 11, I-34143 Trieste, Italy
- Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe, Via Beirut 2, 34014 Trieste, Italy
| | - M R Becker
- Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - G M Bernstein
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - J Blazek
- Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
- Institute of Physics, Laboratory of Astrophysics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Observatoire de Sauverny, 1290 Versoix, Switzerland
| | - S Bocquet
- Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Scheinerstr. 1, 81679 Munich, Germany
| | - S L Bridle
- Jodrell Bank Center for Astrophysics, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - R Cawthon
- Physics Department, 2320 Chamberlin Hall, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1150 University Avenue Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1390
| | - A Choi
- Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - M Crocce
- Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Davis
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology, P. O. Box 2450, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - J DeRose
- Department of Astronomy, University of California, Berkeley, 501 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - A Drlica-Wagner
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - J Elvin-Poole
- Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - X Fang
- Department of Astronomy/Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, Arizona 85721-0065, USA
| | - A Farahi
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - O Friedrich
- Kavli Institute for Cosmology, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, United Kingdom
| | - M Gatti
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain
| | - E Gaztanaga
- Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - T Giannantonio
- Kavli Institute for Cosmology, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, United Kingdom
- Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, United Kingdom
| | - W G Hartley
- Département de Physique Théorique and Center for Astroparticle Physics, Université de Genève, 24 quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 16, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - B Hoyle
- Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Scheinerstr. 1, 81679 Munich, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrasse, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Universitäts-Sternwarte, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Scheinerstr. 1, 81679 München, Germany
| | - M Jarvis
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - N MacCrann
- Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - T McClintock
- Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - V Miranda
- Department of Astronomy/Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, Arizona 85721-0065, USA
| | - M E S Pereira
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Y Park
- Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - A Porredon
- Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
- Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Prat
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - M M Rau
- Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15312, USA
| | - A J Ross
- Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - S Samuroff
- Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15312, USA
| | - C Sánchez
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - I Sevilla-Noarbe
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain
| | - E Sheldon
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Bldg 510, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M A Troxel
- Department of Physics, Duke University Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - T N Varga
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrasse, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Universitäts-Sternwarte, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Scheinerstr. 1, 81679 München, Germany
| | - P Vielzeuf
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain
| | - Y Zhang
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - J Zuntz
- Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, United Kingdom
| | - T M C Abbott
- Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, NSF's National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory, Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile
| | - M Aguena
- Departamento de Física Matemática, Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 66318, São Paulo, SP, 05314-970, Brazil
- Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia-LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ-20921-400, Brazil
| | - A Amon
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology, P. O. Box 2450, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - J Annis
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - S Avila
- Instituto de Fisica Teorica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - E Bertin
- CNRS, UMR 7095, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, F-75014, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7095, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, F-75014, Paris, France
| | - S Bhargava
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pevensey Building, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - D Brooks
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - D L Burke
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology, P. O. Box 2450, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - A Carnero Rosell
- Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Universidad de La Laguna, Dpto. Astrofsica, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - M Carrasco Kind
- Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 W. Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark St., Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - J Carretero
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain
| | - C Chang
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - C Conselice
- Jodrell Bank Center for Astrophysics, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- University of Nottingham, School of Physics and Astronomy, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - L N da Costa
- Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia-LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ-20921-400, Brazil
- Observatório Nacional, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ-20921-400, Brazil
| | - T M Davis
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - S Desai
- Department of Physics, IIT Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana 502285, India
| | - H T Diehl
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - J P Dietrich
- Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Scheinerstr. 1, 81679 Munich, Germany
| | - S Everett
- Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - A E Evrard
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - I Ferrero
- Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo. P.O. Box 1029 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - B Flaugher
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - P Fosalba
- Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Frieman
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - J García-Bellido
- Instituto de Fisica Teorica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - R A Gruendl
- Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 W. Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark St., Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - G Gutierrez
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - S R Hinton
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - D L Hollowood
- Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - K Honscheid
- Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - D Huterer
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - D J James
- Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - T Jeltema
- Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - R Kron
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - K Kuehn
- Australian Astronomical Optics, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales 2113, Australia
- Lowell Observatory, 1400 Mars Hill Rd, Flagstaff, Arizona 86001, USA
| | - N Kuropatkin
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - M Lima
- Departamento de Física Matemática, Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 66318, São Paulo, SP, 05314-970, Brazil
- Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia-LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ-20921-400, Brazil
| | - M A G Maia
- Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia-LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ-20921-400, Brazil
- Observatório Nacional, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ-20921-400, Brazil
| | - J L Marshall
- George P. and Cynthia Woods Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - F Menanteau
- Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 W. Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark St., Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - R Miquel
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avanćats, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Morgan
- Physics Department, 2320 Chamberlin Hall, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1150 University Avenue Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1390
| | - J Muir
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology, P. O. Box 2450, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - J Myles
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - A Palmese
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - F Paz-Chinchón
- Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, United Kingdom
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark St., Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - A A Plazas
- Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Peyton Hall, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - A K Romer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pevensey Building, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - A Roodman
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology, P. O. Box 2450, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - E Sanchez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain
| | - B Santiago
- Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia-LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ-20921-400, Brazil
- Instituto de Física, UFRGS, Caixa Postal 15051, Porto Alegre, RS-91501-970, Brazil
| | - V Scarpine
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - S Serrano
- Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Smith
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - E Suchyta
- Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
| | - M E C Swanson
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark St., Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - G Tarle
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - D Thomas
- Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 3FX, United Kingdom
| | - D L Tucker
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - J Weller
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrasse, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Universitäts-Sternwarte, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Scheinerstr. 1, 81679 München, Germany
| | - W Wester
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - R D Wilkinson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pevensey Building, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Nadler EO, Drlica-Wagner A, Bechtol K, Mau S, Wechsler RH, Gluscevic V, Boddy K, Pace AB, Li TS, McNanna M, Riley AH, García-Bellido J, Mao YY, Green G, Burke DL, Peter A, Jain B, Abbott TMC, Aguena M, Allam S, Annis J, Avila S, Brooks D, Carrasco Kind M, Carretero J, Costanzi M, da Costa LN, De Vicente J, Desai S, Diehl HT, Doel P, Everett S, Evrard AE, Flaugher B, Frieman J, Gerdes DW, Gruen D, Gruendl RA, Gschwend J, Gutierrez G, Hinton SR, Honscheid K, Huterer D, James DJ, Krause E, Kuehn K, Kuropatkin N, Lahav O, Maia MAG, Marshall JL, Menanteau F, Miquel R, Palmese A, Paz-Chinchón F, Plazas AA, Romer AK, Sanchez E, Scarpine V, Serrano S, Sevilla-Noarbe I, Smith M, Soares-Santos M, Suchyta E, Swanson MEC, Tarle G, Tucker DL, Walker AR, Wester W. Constraints on Dark Matter Properties from Observations of Milky Way Satellite Galaxies. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:091101. [PMID: 33750144 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.091101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We perform a comprehensive study of Milky Way (MW) satellite galaxies to constrain the fundamental properties of dark matter (DM). This analysis fully incorporates inhomogeneities in the spatial distribution and detectability of MW satellites and marginalizes over uncertainties in the mapping between galaxies and DM halos, the properties of the MW system, and the disruption of subhalos by the MW disk. Our results are consistent with the cold, collisionless DM paradigm and yield the strongest cosmological constraints to date on particle models of warm, interacting, and fuzzy dark matter. At 95% confidence, we report limits on (i) the mass of thermal relic warm DM, m_{WDM}>6.5 keV (free-streaming length, λ_{fs}≲10h^{-1} kpc), (ii) the velocity-independent DM-proton scattering cross section, σ_{0}<8.8×10^{-29} cm^{2} for a 100 MeV DM particle mass [DM-proton coupling, c_{p}≲(0.3 GeV)^{-2}], and (iii) the mass of fuzzy DM, m_{ϕ}>2.9×10^{-21} eV (de Broglie wavelength, λ_{dB}≲0.5 kpc). These constraints are complementary to other observational and laboratory constraints on DM properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E O Nadler
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, P.O. Box 2450, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - A Drlica-Wagner
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - K Bechtol
- Physics Department, 2320 Chamberlin Hall, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1150 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1390, USA
| | - S Mau
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, P.O. Box 2450, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - R H Wechsler
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, P.O. Box 2450, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - V Gluscevic
- University of Southern California, Department of Physics and Astronomy, 825 Bloom Walk ACB 439, Los Angeles, California 90089-0484, USA
| | - K Boddy
- Theory Group, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - A B Pace
- Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15312, USA
| | - T S Li
- Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Peyton Hall, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
- Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science, 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, California 91101, USA
| | - M McNanna
- Physics Department, 2320 Chamberlin Hall, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1150 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1390, USA
| | - A H Riley
- George P. and Cynthia Woods Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - J García-Bellido
- Instituto de Fisica Teorica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Y-Y Mao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - G Green
- Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Königstuhl 17 D-69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - D L Burke
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, P.O. Box 2450, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - A Peter
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
- Department of Astronomy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
- Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - B Jain
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - T M C Abbott
- Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, NSF's National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory, Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile
| | - M Aguena
- Departamento de Física Matemática, Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 66318, São Paulo, SP, 05314-970, Brazil
- Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia-LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ-20921-400, Brazil
| | - S Allam
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - J Annis
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - S Avila
- Instituto de Fisica Teorica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - D Brooks
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - M Carrasco Kind
- Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 West Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - J Carretero
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - M Costanzi
- INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, via G.B. Tiepolo 11, I-34143 Trieste, Italy
- Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe, Via Beirut 2, 34014 Trieste, Italy
| | - L N da Costa
- Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia-LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ-20921-400, Brazil
- Observatório Nacional, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ-20921-400, Brazil
| | - J De Vicente
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain
| | - S Desai
- Department of Physics, IIT Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana 502285, India
| | - H T Diehl
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - P Doel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - S Everett
- Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - A E Evrard
- Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - B Flaugher
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - J Frieman
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - D W Gerdes
- Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - D Gruen
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, P.O. Box 2450, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - R A Gruendl
- Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 West Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - J Gschwend
- Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia-LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ-20921-400, Brazil
- Observatório Nacional, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ-20921-400, Brazil
| | - G Gutierrez
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - S R Hinton
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - K Honscheid
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
- Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - D Huterer
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - D J James
- Center for Astrophysics, Harvard and Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - E Krause
- Department of Astronomy/Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, Arizona 85721-0065, USA
| | - K Kuehn
- Australian Astronomical Optics, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales 2113, Australia
- Lowell Observatory, 1400 Mars Hill Road, Flagstaff, Arizona 86001, USA
| | - N Kuropatkin
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - O Lahav
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - M A G Maia
- Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia-LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ-20921-400, Brazil
- Observatório Nacional, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ-20921-400, Brazil
| | - J L Marshall
- George P. and Cynthia Woods Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - F Menanteau
- Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 West Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - R Miquel
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Palmese
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - F Paz-Chinchón
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, United Kingdom
| | - A A Plazas
- Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Peyton Hall, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - A K Romer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pevensey Building, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - E Sanchez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain
| | - V Scarpine
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - S Serrano
- Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - I Sevilla-Noarbe
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain
| | - M Smith
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - M Soares-Santos
- Brandeis University, Physics Department, 415 South Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, USA
| | - E Suchyta
- Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - M E C Swanson
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - G Tarle
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - D L Tucker
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - A R Walker
- Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, NSF's National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory, Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile
| | - W Wester
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hampton T, Everett S, Sharma S, Krishnan M. Noise in the operating theatre. Br J Surg 2021; 108:e203-e204. [PMID: 33655291 PMCID: PMC8159175 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Hampton
- Ear, Nose and Throat Department, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK.,University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - S Everett
- Acoustic Engineering, Hydrock, Manchester, UK
| | - S Sharma
- Ear, Nose and Throat Department, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - M Krishnan
- Ear, Nose and Throat Department, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Costanzi M, Saro A, Bocquet S, Abbott T, Aguena M, Allam S, Amara A, Annis J, Avila S, Bacon D, Benson B, Bhargava S, Brooks D, Buckley-Geer E, Burke D, Carnero Rosell A, Carrasco Kind M, Carretero J, Choi A, da Costa L, Pereira M, De Vicente J, Desai S, Diehl H, Dietrich J, Doel P, Eifler T, Everett S, Ferrero I, Ferté A, Flaugher B, Fosalba P, Frieman J, García-Bellido J, Gaztanaga E, Gerdes D, Giannantonio T, Giles P, Grandis S, Gruen D, Gruendl R, Gupta N, Gutierrez G, Hartley W, Hinton S, Hollowood D, Honscheid K, James D, Jeltema T, Krause E, Kuehn K, Kuropatkin N, Lahav O, Lima M, MacCrann N, Maia M, Marshall J, Menanteau F, Miquel R, Mohr J, Morgan R, Myles J, Ogando R, Palmese A, Paz-Chinchón F, Plazas A, Rapetti D, Reichardt C, Romer A, Roodman A, Ruppin F, Salvati L, Samuroff S, Sanchez E, Scarpine V, Serrano S, Sevilla-Noarbe I, Singh P, Smith M, Soares-Santos M, Stark A, Suchyta E, Swanson M, Tarle G, Thomas D, To C, Tucker D, Varga T, Wechsler R, Zhang Z. Cosmological constraints from DES Y1 cluster abundances and SPT multiwavelength data. Int J Clin Exp Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.103.043522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
15
|
Muir J, Baxter E, Miranda V, Doux C, Ferté A, Leonard C, Huterer D, Jain B, Lemos P, Raveri M, Nadathur S, Campos A, Chen A, Dodelson S, Elvin-Poole J, Lee S, Secco L, Troxel M, Weaverdyck N, Zuntz J, Brout D, Choi A, Crocce M, Davis T, Gruen D, Krause E, Lidman C, MacCrann N, Möller A, Prat J, Ross A, Sako M, Samuroff S, Sánchez C, Scolnic D, Zhang B, Abbott T, Aguena M, Allam S, Annis J, Avila S, Bacon D, Bertin E, Bhargava S, Bridle S, Brooks D, Burke D, Carnero Rosell A, Carrasco Kind M, Carretero J, Cawthon R, Costanzi M, da Costa L, Pereira M, Desai S, Diehl H, Dietrich J, Doel P, Estrada J, Everett S, Evrard A, Ferrero I, Flaugher B, Frieman J, García-Bellido J, Giannantonio T, Gruendl R, Gschwend J, Gutierrez G, Hinton S, Hollowood D, Honscheid K, Hoyle B, James D, Jeltema T, Kuehn K, Kuropatkin N, Lahav O, Lima M, Maia M, Menanteau F, Miquel R, Morgan R, Myles J, Palmese A, Paz-Chinchón F, Plazas A, Romer A, Roodman A, Sanchez E, Scarpine V, Serrano S, Sevilla-Noarbe I, Smith M, Suchyta E, Swanson M, Tarle G, Thomas D, To C, Tucker D, Varga T, Weller J, Wilkinson R. DES Y1 results: Splitting growth and geometry to test
ΛCDM. Int J Clin Exp Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.103.023528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
16
|
Abbott T, Aguena M, Alarcon A, Allam S, Allen S, Annis J, Avila S, Bacon D, Bechtol K, Bermeo A, Bernstein G, Bertin E, Bhargava S, Bocquet S, Brooks D, Brout D, Buckley-Geer E, Burke D, Carnero Rosell A, Carrasco Kind M, Carretero J, Castander F, Cawthon R, Chang C, Chen X, Choi A, Costanzi M, Crocce M, da Costa L, Davis T, De Vicente J, DeRose J, Desai S, Diehl H, Dietrich J, Dodelson S, Doel P, Drlica-Wagner A, Eckert K, Eifler T, Elvin-Poole J, Estrada J, Everett S, Evrard A, Farahi A, Ferrero I, Flaugher B, Fosalba P, Frieman J, García-Bellido J, Gatti M, Gaztanaga E, Gerdes D, Giannantonio T, Giles P, Grandis S, Gruen D, Gruendl R, Gschwend J, Gutierrez G, Hartley W, Hinton S, Hollowood D, Honscheid K, Hoyle B, Huterer D, James D, Jarvis M, Jeltema T, Johnson M, Johnson M, Kent S, Krause E, Kron R, Kuehn K, Kuropatkin N, Lahav O, Li T, Lidman C, Lima M, Lin H, MacCrann N, Maia M, Mantz A, Marshall J, Martini P, Mayers J, Melchior P, Mena-Fernández J, Menanteau F, Miquel R, Mohr J, Nichol R, Nord B, Ogando R, Palmese A, Paz-Chinchón F, Plazas A, Prat J, Rau M, Romer A, Roodman A, Rooney P, Rozo E, Rykoff E, Sako M, Samuroff S, Sánchez C, Sanchez E, Saro A, Scarpine V, Schubnell M, Scolnic D, Serrano S, Sevilla-Noarbe I, Sheldon E, Smith J, Smith M, Suchyta E, Swanson M, Tarle G, Thomas D, To C, Troxel M, Tucker D, Varga T, von der Linden A, Walker A, Wechsler R, Weller J, Wilkinson R, Wu H, Yanny B, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Zuntz J. Dark Energy Survey Year 1 Results: Cosmological constraints from cluster abundances and weak lensing. Int J Clin Exp Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.102.023509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
17
|
Ammazzalorso S, Gruen D, Regis M, Camera S, Ando S, Fornengo N, Bechtol K, Bridle SL, Choi A, Eifler TF, Gatti M, MacCrann N, Omori Y, Samuroff S, Sheldon E, Troxel MA, Zuntz J, Carrasco Kind M, Annis J, Avila S, Bertin E, Brooks D, Burke DL, Carnero Rosell A, Carretero J, Castander FJ, Costanzi M, da Costa LN, De Vicente J, Desai S, Diehl HT, Dietrich JP, Doel P, Everett S, Flaugher B, Fosalba P, García-Bellido J, Gaztanaga E, Gerdes DW, Giannantonio T, Goldstein DA, Gruendl RA, Gutierrez G, Hollowood DL, Honscheid K, James DJ, Jarvis M, Jeltema T, Kent S, Kuropatkin N, Lahav O, Li TS, Lima M, Maia MAG, Marshall JL, Melchior P, Menanteau F, Miquel R, Ogando RLC, Palmese A, Plazas AA, Romer AK, Roodman A, Rykoff ES, Sánchez C, Sanchez E, Scarpine V, Serrano S, Sevilla-Noarbe I, Smith M, Soares-Santos M, Sobreira F, Suchyta E, Swanson MEC, Tarle G, Thomas D, Vikram V, Zhang Y. Detection of Cross-Correlation between Gravitational Lensing and γ Rays. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:101102. [PMID: 32216401 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.101102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, many γ-ray sources have been identified, yet the unresolved component hosts valuable information on the faintest emission. In order to extract it, a cross-correlation with gravitational tracers of matter in the Universe has been shown to be a promising tool. We report here the first identification of a cross-correlation signal between γ rays and the distribution of mass in the Universe probed by weak gravitational lensing. We use data from the Dark Energy Survey Y1 weak lensing data and the Fermi Large Area Telescope 9-yr γ-ray data, obtaining a signal-to-noise ratio of 5.3. The signal is mostly localized at small angular scales and high γ-ray energies, with a hint of correlation at extended separation. Blazar emission is likely the origin of the small-scale effect. We investigate implications of the large-scale component in terms of astrophysical sources and particle dark matter emission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Ammazzalorso
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Torino, via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy
- INFN-Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino, via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - D Gruen
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, P. O. Box 2450, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M Regis
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Torino, via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy
- INFN-Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino, via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - S Camera
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Torino, via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy
- INFN-Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino, via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy
- INAF-Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, strada Osservatorio 20, 10025 Pino Torinese, Italy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7535, South Africa
| | - S Ando
- GRAPPA Institute, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - N Fornengo
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Torino, via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy
- INFN-Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino, via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - K Bechtol
- LSST, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
- Physics Department, 2320 Chamberlin Hall, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1150 University Avenue Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1390, USA
| | - S L Bridle
- Jodrell Bank Center for Astrophysics, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - A Choi
- Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - T F Eifler
- Department of Astronomy and Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, Arizona 85721-0065, USA
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, USA
| | - M Gatti
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N MacCrann
- Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Y Omori
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, P. O. Box 2450, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - S Samuroff
- Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15312, USA
| | - E Sheldon
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 510, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M A Troxel
- Department of Physics, Duke University Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - J Zuntz
- Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, United Kingdom
| | - M Carrasco Kind
- Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 West Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - J Annis
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - S Avila
- Instituto de Fisica Teorica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - E Bertin
- CNRS, UMR 7095, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, F-75014 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7095, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - D Brooks
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - D L Burke
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, P. O. Box 2450, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - A Carnero Rosell
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia-LIneA, Rua General José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ-20921-400, Brazil
| | - J Carretero
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F J Castander
- Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Costanzi
- INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, via Giambattista Tiepolo 11, 34143 Trieste, Italy
- IFPU-Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe, Via Beirut 2, 34014 Trieste, Italy
| | - L N da Costa
- Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia-LIneA, Rua General José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ-20921-400, Brazil
- Observatório Nacional, Rua General José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ-20921-400, Brazil
| | - J De Vicente
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - S Desai
- Department of Physics, IIT Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana 502285, India
| | - H T Diehl
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - J P Dietrich
- Excellence Cluster Origins, Boltzmannstrasse 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Scheinerstrasse 1, 81679 Munich, Germany
| | - P Doel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - S Everett
- Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - B Flaugher
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - P Fosalba
- Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - J García-Bellido
- Instituto de Fisica Teorica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - E Gaztanaga
- Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - D W Gerdes
- Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - T Giannantonio
- Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, United Kingdom
- Kavli Institute for Cosmology, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, United Kingdom
| | - D A Goldstein
- California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, MC 249-17, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - R A Gruendl
- Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 West Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - G Gutierrez
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - D L Hollowood
- Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - K Honscheid
- Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - D J James
- Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - M Jarvis
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - T Jeltema
- Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - S Kent
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - N Kuropatkin
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - O Lahav
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - T S Li
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - M Lima
- Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia-LIneA, Rua General José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ-20921-400, Brazil
- Departamento de Física Matemática, Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 66318, São Paulo, SP, 05314-970, Brazil
| | - M A G Maia
- Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia-LIneA, Rua General José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ-20921-400, Brazil
- Observatório Nacional, Rua General José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ-20921-400, Brazil
| | - J L Marshall
- George P. and Cynthia Woods Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Melchior
- Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Peyton Hall, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - F Menanteau
- Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 West Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - R Miquel
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - R L C Ogando
- Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia-LIneA, Rua General José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ-20921-400, Brazil
- Observatório Nacional, Rua General José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ-20921-400, Brazil
| | - A Palmese
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - A A Plazas
- Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Peyton Hall, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - A K Romer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pevensey Building, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - A Roodman
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, P. O. Box 2450, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - E S Rykoff
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, P. O. Box 2450, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - C Sánchez
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - E Sanchez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - V Scarpine
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - S Serrano
- Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - I Sevilla-Noarbe
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Smith
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - M Soares-Santos
- Brandeis University, Physics Department, 415 South Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, USA
| | - F Sobreira
- Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia-LIneA, Rua General José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ-20921-400, Brazil
- Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13083-859 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - E Suchyta
- Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - M E C Swanson
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - G Tarle
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - D Thomas
- Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, United Kingdom
| | - V Vikram
- Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Y Zhang
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Raghunathan S, Patil S, Baxter E, Benson BA, Bleem LE, Crawford TM, Holder GP, McClintock T, Reichardt CL, Varga TN, Whitehorn N, Ade PAR, Allam S, Anderson AJ, Austermann JE, Avila S, Avva JS, Bacon D, Beall JA, Bender AN, Bianchini F, Bocquet S, Brooks D, Burke DL, Carlstrom JE, Carretero J, Castander FJ, Chang CL, Chiang HC, Citron R, Costanzi M, Crites AT, da Costa LN, Desai S, Diehl HT, Dietrich JP, Dobbs MA, Doel P, Everett S, Evrard AE, Feng C, Flaugher B, Fosalba P, Frieman J, Gallicchio J, García-Bellido J, Gaztanaga E, George EM, Giannantonio T, Gilbert A, Gruendl RA, Gschwend J, Gupta N, Gutierrez G, de Haan T, Halverson NW, Harrington N, Henning JW, Hilton GC, Hollowood DL, Holzapfel WL, Honscheid K, Hrubes JD, Huang N, Hubmayr J, Irwin KD, Jeltema T, Kind MC, Knox L, Kuropatkin N, Lahav O, Lee AT, Li D, Lima M, Lowitz A, Maia MAG, Marshall JL, McMahon JJ, Melchior P, Menanteau F, Meyer SS, Miquel R, Mocanu LM, Mohr JJ, Montgomery J, Moran CC, Nadolski A, Natoli T, Nibarger JP, Noble G, Novosad V, Ogando RLC, Padin S, Plazas AA, Pryke C, Rapetti D, Romer AK, Roodman A, Rosell AC, Rozo E, Ruhl JE, Rykoff ES, Saliwanchik BR, Sanchez E, Sayre JT, Scarpine V, Schaffer KK, Schubnell M, Serrano S, Sevilla-Noarbe I, Sievers C, Smecher G, Smith M, Soares-Santos M, Stark AA, Story KT, Suchyta E, Swanson MEC, Tarle G, Tucker C, Vanderlinde K, Veach T, De Vicente J, Vieira JD, Vikram V, Wang G, Wu WLK, Yefremenko V, Zhang Y. Detection of CMB-Cluster Lensing using Polarization Data from SPTpol. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 123:181301. [PMID: 31763885 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.181301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report the first detection of gravitational lensing due to galaxy clusters using only the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). The lensing signal is obtained using a new estimator that extracts the lensing dipole signature from stacked images formed by rotating the cluster-centered Stokes QU map cutouts along the direction of the locally measured background CMB polarization gradient. Using data from the SPTpol 500 deg^{2} survey at the locations of roughly 18 000 clusters with richness λ≥10 from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year-3 full galaxy cluster catalog, we detect lensing at 4.8σ. The mean stacked mass of the selected sample is found to be (1.43±0.40)×10^{14}M_{⊙} which is in good agreement with optical weak lensing based estimates using DES data and CMB-lensing based estimates using SPTpol temperature data. This measurement is a key first step for cluster cosmology with future low-noise CMB surveys, like CMB-S4, for which CMB polarization will be the primary channel for cluster lensing measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Raghunathan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Australia
| | - S Patil
- School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Australia
| | - E Baxter
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - B A Benson
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, MS209, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - L E Bleem
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - T M Crawford
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - G P Holder
- Astronomy Department, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 W. Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 1110 W. Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, CIFAR Program in Gravity and the Extreme Universe, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1Z8, Canada
| | - T McClintock
- Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - C L Reichardt
- School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Australia
| | - T N Varga
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrasse, Garching 85748, Germany
- Universitäts-Sternwarte, Fakultät für Physik, LudwigMaximilians Universität München, Scheinerstr. 1, München 81679, Germany
| | - N Whitehorn
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - P A R Ade
- Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3XQ, United Kingdom
| | - S Allam
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - A J Anderson
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, MS209, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - J E Austermann
- NIST Quantum Devices Group, 325 Broadway Mailcode 817.03, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - S Avila
- Instituto de Fisica Teorica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - J S Avva
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Bacon
- Institute of Cosmology & Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Dennis Sciama Building, Burnaby Road, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, United Kingdom
| | - J A Beall
- NIST Quantum Devices Group, 325 Broadway Mailcode 817.03, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - A N Bender
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - F Bianchini
- School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Australia
| | - S Bocquet
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Scheinerstr. 1, Munich 81679, Germany
| | - D Brooks
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - D L Burke
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology, P. O. Box 2450, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - J E Carlstrom
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - J Carretero
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Barcelona) 08193, Spain
| | - F J Castander
- Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), Barcelona 08034, Spain
- Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - C L Chang
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - H C Chiang
- School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, Scottsville 3209, South Africa
| | - R Citron
- University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - M Costanzi
- Universitäts-Sternwarte, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Scheinerstr. 1, München 81679, Germany
| | - A T Crites
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- California Institute of Technology, MS 249-17, 1216 E. California Blvd., Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - L N da Costa
- Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia-LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20921-400, Brazil
- Observatório Nacional, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20921-400, Brazil
| | - S Desai
- Department of Physics, IIT Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana 502285, India
| | - H T Diehl
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - J P Dietrich
- Excellence Cluster Origins, Boltzmannstr. 2, Garching 85748, Germany
- Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Scheinerstr. 1, Munich 81679, Germany
| | - M A Dobbs
- Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, CIFAR Program in Gravity and the Extreme Universe, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1Z8, Canada
- Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 Rue University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T8, Canada
| | - P Doel
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - S Everett
- Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - A E Evrard
- Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - C Feng
- Astronomy Department, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 W. Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 1110 W. Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - B Flaugher
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - P Fosalba
- Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), Barcelona 08034, Spain
- Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - J Frieman
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - J Gallicchio
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Harvey Mudd College, 301 Platt Blvd., Claremont, California 91711, USA
| | - J García-Bellido
- Instituto de Fisica Teorica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - E Gaztanaga
- Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), Barcelona 08034, Spain
- Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - E M George
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 2, Garching bei München 85748, Germany
| | - T Giannantonio
- Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, United Kingdom
- Kavli Institute for Cosmology, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, United Kingdom
| | - A Gilbert
- Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 Rue University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T8, Canada
| | - R A Gruendl
- Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 W. Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark St., Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - J Gschwend
- Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia-LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20921-400, Brazil
- Observatório Nacional, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20921-400, Brazil
| | - N Gupta
- School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Australia
| | - G Gutierrez
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - T de Haan
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - N W Halverson
- Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - N Harrington
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J W Henning
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - G C Hilton
- NIST Quantum Devices Group, 325 Broadway Mailcode 817.03, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - D L Hollowood
- Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - W L Holzapfel
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K Honscheid
- Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - J D Hrubes
- University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - N Huang
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Hubmayr
- NIST Quantum Devices Group, 325 Broadway Mailcode 817.03, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - K D Irwin
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Deptartment of Physics, Stanford University, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - T Jeltema
- Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - M Carrasco Kind
- Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 W. Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark St., Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - L Knox
- Department of Physics, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - N Kuropatkin
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - O Lahav
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - A T Lee
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Li
- NIST Quantum Devices Group, 325 Broadway Mailcode 817.03, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M Lima
- Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia-LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20921-400, Brazil
- Departamento de Física Matemática, Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 66318, São Paulo, SP 05314-970, Brazil
| | - A Lowitz
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - M A G Maia
- Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia-LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20921-400, Brazil
- Observatório Nacional, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20921-400, Brazil
| | - J L Marshall
- George P. and Cynthia Woods Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - J J McMahon
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, 450 Church Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - P Melchior
- Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Peyton Hall, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - F Menanteau
- Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 W. Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark St., Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - S S Meyer
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - R Miquel
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Barcelona) 08193, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona E-08010, Spain
| | - L M Mocanu
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - J J Mohr
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrasse, Garching 85748, Germany
- Excellence Cluster Origins, Boltzmannstr. 2, Garching 85748, Germany
- Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Scheinerstr. 1, Munich 81679, Germany
| | - J Montgomery
- Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 Rue University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T8, Canada
| | - C Corbett Moran
- TAPIR, Walter Burke Institute for Theoretical Physics, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - A Nadolski
- Astronomy Department, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 W. Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 1110 W. Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - T Natoli
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Dunlap Institute for Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Toronto, 50 St George St, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H4, Canada
| | - J P Nibarger
- NIST Quantum Devices Group, 325 Broadway Mailcode 817.03, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - G Noble
- Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 Rue University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T8, Canada
| | - V Novosad
- Materials Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - R L C Ogando
- Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia-LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20921-400, Brazil
- Observatório Nacional, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20921-400, Brazil
| | - S Padin
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- California Institute of Technology, MS 249-17, 1216 E. California Blvd., Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - A A Plazas
- Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Peyton Hall, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - C Pryke
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, 116 Church Street S.E. Minneapolis, Minneapolis 55455, USA
| | - D Rapetti
- Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- NASA Postdoctoral Program Senior Fellow, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035, USA
| | - A K Romer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pevensey Building, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - A Roodman
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology, P. O. Box 2450, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - A Carnero Rosell
- Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia-LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20921-400, Brazil
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - E Rozo
- Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - J E Ruhl
- Physics Department, Center for Education and Research in Cosmology and Astrophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - E S Rykoff
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology, P. O. Box 2450, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - B R Saliwanchik
- Physics Department, Center for Education and Research in Cosmology and Astrophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
- Department of Physics, Yale University, P.O. Box 208120, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8120, USA
| | - E Sanchez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - J T Sayre
- Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - V Scarpine
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - K K Schaffer
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Liberal Arts Department, School of the Art Institute of Chicago, 112 S Michigan Ave, Chicago, Illinois 60603, USA
| | - M Schubnell
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - S Serrano
- Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), Barcelona 08034, Spain
- Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - I Sevilla-Noarbe
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - C Sievers
- University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - G Smecher
- Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 Rue University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T8, Canada
- Three-Speed Logic, Inc., Vancouver, British Columbia V6A 2J8, Canada
| | - M Smith
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - M Soares-Santos
- Brandeis University, Physics Department, 415 South Street, Waltham Massachusetts 02453, USA
| | - A A Stark
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - K T Story
- Deptartment of Physics, Stanford University, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, 452 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - E Suchyta
- Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - M E C Swanson
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark St., Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - G Tarle
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - C Tucker
- Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3XQ, United Kingdom
| | - K Vanderlinde
- Dunlap Institute for Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Toronto, 50 St George St, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H4, Canada
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto, 50 St George St, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H4, Canada
| | - T Veach
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - J De Vicente
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - J D Vieira
- Astronomy Department, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 W. Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 1110 W. Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - V Vikram
- Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - G Wang
- High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - W L K Wu
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - V Yefremenko
- High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Y Zhang
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Shepard P, Akagi K, Everett S, Hassan I, Osborne A, Tan M, Schroth C, Aase D, Passi H, Proescher E, Greenstein J, Walters R, Krage M, Phan K. A - 66The Polytrauma Triad: Impact of PTSD Symptom Clusters on Cognitive Complaints in Post-9/11 Veterans. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acy061.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
20
|
Ohuabunwa U, Turner J, Shah K, Alexander J, Walton Mouw R, Brandi J, Everett S. IMPLEMENTING AN ACUTE CARE FOR THE ELDERLY SERVICE IN AN URBAN SAFETY NET HOSPITAL. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - K. Shah
- Grady Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Nilsson KR, Morris CD, Pohlel KRN, Everett S, Holland B, Murrow JR, Murrah CP. 1307Thorascopic ligation of the left atrial appendage in patients with atrial fibrillation who are at high risk of stroke using the atriclip ligation system. Europace 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/eux156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
22
|
Masters T, Everett S, May M, Guillebaud J. Outcomes at 1 year for the first 200 patients fitted with GyneFix at Margaret Pyke Centre. EUR J CONTRACEP REPR 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/ejc.7.2.65.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
23
|
|
24
|
Abstract
Pelvic rotation during cycling is important because it influences aerodynamics, cycling efficiency and the occurrence of overuse injuries. The aim of this study was to determine whether or not pelvic position in long sitting influences pelvic position during cycling. An observational, cross sectional, within-subjects study design was used. Thirty elite international track and road cyclists participated as subjects and two measures were undertaken. In long sitting, a digital inclinometer was positioned on the lumbosacral junction to give a static measure in degrees of sacral inclination (SI) relative to the horizontal. During active cycling, video analysis of reflective surface markers over the anterior superior iliac spine and posterior superior iliac spine was used to give a measure in degrees of anterior pelvic rotation (APR), by the angle between these two landmarks and the horizontal. No significant linear relationship was found between the two testing positions (r = 0.23, p = 0.22).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Mueller
- Northcare, Salisbury, South Australia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
|
26
|
Schönrogge K, Wardlaw JC, Peters AJ, Everett S, Thomas JA, Elmes GW. Changes in chemical signature and host specificity from larval retrieval to full social integration in the myrmecophilous butterfly Maculinea rebeli. J Chem Ecol 2004; 30:91-107. [PMID: 15074659 DOI: 10.1023/b:joec.0000013184.18176.a9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The ant social parasite, Maculinea rebeli shows high levels of host specificity at a regional scale. While 68-88% of caterpillars in the field are adopted by nonhost Myrmica ants, 95-100% of the butterflies emerge from the natural host M. schencki the following year. While retrieval of preadoption caterpillars is specific to the genus Myrmica, it does not explain differential survival with different Myrmica species. We present survival data with host and nonhost Myrmica species suggesting that, with nonhosts (M. sabuleti and M. rubra), survival depends on the physiological state of the colony. We also compared the similarities of the epicuticular surface hydrocarbon signatures of caterpillars that were reared by host and nonhost Myrmica for 3 weeks with those from tending workers. Counterintuitively, the hydrocarbons of postadoption caterpillars were more similar (78%, 73%) to the ant colony profiles of the nonhost species than were caterpillars reared in colonies of M. schencki (42% similarity). However, caterpillars from M. schencki nests that were then isolated for 4 additional days showed unchanged chemical profiles, whereas the similarities of those from nonhost colonies fell to 52 and 56%, respectively. Six compounds, presumably newly synthesized, were detected on the isolated caterpillars that could not have been acquired from M. sabuleti and M. rubra (nor occurred on preadoption caterpillars), five of which were found on the natural host M. schencki. These new compounds may relate to the high rank the caterpillars attain within the hierarchy of M. schencki societies. The same compounds would identify the caterpillars as intruders in non-schencki colonies, where their synthesis appeared to be largely suppressed. The ability to synthesize or suppress additional compounds once adopted explains the pattern of mortalities found among fully integrated caterpillars in Myrmica colonies of different species and physiological states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Schönrogge
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Winfrith Technology Centre, Dorchester DT2 8ZD, United Kingdom.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Masters T, Everett S, May M, Guillebaud J. Outcomes at 1 year for the first 200 patients fitted with GyneFix at Margaret Pyke Centre. EUR J CONTRACEP REPR 2002; 7:65-70. [PMID: 12201324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
The first 200 women to be fitted with GyneFix at the Margaret Pyke Centre, a National Health Service contraception clinic situated in central London, have been followed up at 1 year after insertion. Removals, expulsions and accidental pregnancies in that first year are recorded. Of the cohort, 80% had a known outcome at 12 months. There was one perforation with the inserter tube, leaving 199 women fitted with GyneFix who contributed 2033 woman-months of follow-up time. We recorded 22 early removals, of which 16 were for heavy or irregular bleeding and/or pain, three were because the women wished to conceive and three for other reasons. In addition there were 16 expulsions at intervals ranging from 1 day to 12 months after insertion. Four of the expulsions were unnoticed by the subjects (they were revealed by amenorrhea of pregnancy in two subjects and lost threads in the other two). There were no pregnancies with the GyneFix in situ. The expulsion rate of 8.4% (confidence interval (CI) 5.2-13.4%) and removal rate for bleeding and/or pain of 9.0% (CI 5.6-14.3%) at 12 months recorded in this cohort fall within acceptable ranges for framed intrauterine devices in a population with a large percentage of nulliparous women. However, they are perhaps not as good as had been anticipated for this revolutionary new intrauterine implant. Possible reasons for this are explored.
Collapse
|
28
|
Everett S. Florence Nightingale. Br Hist Illus 2001; 1:12-25. [PMID: 11634685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
|
29
|
|
30
|
Neville PM, Everett S, Langworthy H, Tompkins D, Mapstone NP, Axon AT, Moayyedi P. The optimal antibiotic combination in a 5-day Helicobacter pylori eradication regimen. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1999; 13:497-501. [PMID: 10215734 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2036.1999.00493.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current guidelines for Helicobacter pylori eradication recommend 7 days of a proton-pump inhibitor, clarithromycin (C), and either metronidazole (M) or amoxycillin (A). A shorter course would be cheaper and could be as effective. AIM This study was designed to investigate the efficacy of three 5-day regimens based on lansoprazole (L). METHODS 168 dyspepsia patients with H. pylori infection were randomized to receive a 5-day course of either LCM, LAC or CALM, and a 13C-urea breath test was performed after 4 weeks to assess eradication. RESULTS 160 patients completed the study. Intention-to-treat eradication rates were as follows: LCM 81%, LAC 59%, CALM 88%. LCM and CALM gave significantly better eradication rates than LAC. There was no significant difference in adverse events across the three groups. Logistical regression analysis showed that the specific regimen used and the age of the patient were the only factors influencing eradication outcome. CONCLUSIONS Five days of CALM yields acceptable eradication rates, and is cheaper than conventional 7-day proton pump inhibitor-triple therapy. It appears to offer good results in metronidazole-resistant strains of H. pylori. A randomized trial comparing 5-day CALM with conventional 7-day therapy is needed before this regimen can be recommended for routine use.
Collapse
|
31
|
Everett S, Vezakis A, Jackson R, Chalmers D. A rare case of gastric ascariasis lumbricoides diagnosed during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Endoscopy 1998; 30:S51-2. [PMID: 9689525 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1001299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Everett
- Centre for Digestive Diseases, The General Infirmary at Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Warburton VJ, Everett S, Mapstone NP, Axon AT, Hawkey P, Dixon MF. Clinical and histological associations of cagA and vacA genotypes in Helicobacter pylori gastritis. J Clin Pathol 1998; 51:55-61. [PMID: 9577374 PMCID: PMC500433 DOI: 10.1136/jcp.51.1.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To determine the relation among the cytotoxin associated gene (cagA) and vacuolating cytotoxin gene (vacA) status of Helicobacter pylori isolates, the associated clinical diseases, and the severity and pattern of chronic gastritis. METHODS Helicobacter pylori was cultured from gastric biopsies obtained from dyspeptic patients. DNA was extracted from the isolates and the cagA and vacA status determined by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The prevalence of the different cagA and vacA genotypes in three clinical groups, duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer, and non-ulcer dyspepsia was compared. The histological features in sections from two antral and two corpus biopsies were graded by one blinded observer. The grades were compared with age and sex matched groups with different cagA and vacA genotypes, and with duodenal ulcers, or non-ulcer dyspepsia. RESULTS Isolates from 161 patients were included. One hundred and nine (68%) harboured a cagA+ strain and 143 (89%) harboured a vacA s1 strain. The prevalence of cagA+ strains in duodenal ulcer patients (94%) was highly significantly greater than in those with non-ulcer dyspepsia (56%). However, of the patients infected with a cagA+ strain, almost equal numbers had non-ulcer dyspepsia or peptic ulceration. Chronic inflammation, polymorph activity, surface epithelial degeneration, atrophy, and intestinal metaplasia were all significantly more severe in the cagA+ than in the cagA- group, whereas only corpus epithelial degeneration was significantly more severe in the vacA s1 group compared with the vacA s2 group. Patients infected with cagA+ strains were almost four times more likely to have antral intestinal metaplasia than cagA- patients. An antral predominant gastritis was present in duodenal ulcer patients compared with matched non-ulcer dyspepsia patients, but this was not attributable to cagA or vacA status. CONCLUSIONS Helicobacter pylori strains showing cagA positively and the vacA s1 genotype are associated with more severe gastritis but these virulence factors do not appear to determine the overall pattern. The pattern is closely linked to clinical disease. Therefore, it is likely that the nature of the disease complicating chronic infection is determined by host and environmental factors, while bacterial factors determine the magnitude of the risk of developing such disease.
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
The longitudinal study compared effects of varying amounts of tobacco instruction (one, two, and three years) on the knowledge, attitudes, and behavioral intentions of urban elementary students. A three-year, fourth-through-sixth grade tobacco prevention curriculum was developed based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Guidelines for School Health Programs to Prevent Tobacco Use and Addiction. The curriculum comprised five, 45-minute lessons per year. The same trained instructor taught the curriculum all three years. Six intervention schools were taught the curriculum, and two control schools were not. A 49-item questionnaire was used to assess tobacco knowledge, attitudes, and behavioral intentions. The experimental group's posttest knowledge and attitude scores were significantly higher than the control group's posttest scores. No significant differences occurred in posttest behavioral intention scores between the control and intervention groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J H Price
- Dept. of Health Promotion, University of Toledo 43606, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Kolbe L, Kann L, Everett S, Hannan C. Frameworks to inform the development of U.S. adolescent health indicators for the 21st century. Promot Educ 1997; 4:32-6. [PMID: 9560856 DOI: 10.1177/102538239700400417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Kolbe
- Division of Adolescent and School Health National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Price JH, Kandakai TL, Casler S, Everett S, Smith D. African-American adults' perceptions of guns and violence. J Natl Med Assoc 1994; 86:426-32. [PMID: 8078079 PMCID: PMC2607756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
This study examined African-American adults' perceptions of guns and violence. Through a mall intercept type study, 347 adults, ages 20 to 75, responded to a 54-item questionnaire. One third of the respondents claimed they owned one or more types of guns, three fourths had personally known someone who had been shot, more than one third had actually seen someone shot, and one third had a gun pulled on them. While the vast majority (84%) believed guns are too easy to obtain, the majority (62%) also believed that having a gun at home would help protect them. There were no significant differences in perceptions of guns based on age, gender, level of education, or socioeconomic status. The results of this study tend to substantiate the concern and fear of personal harm that African Americans have to contend with on a regular basis. The results also suggest the need for some form of educational intervention and gun safety training in order to help reduce the risk of death and injury among African Americans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J H Price
- Department of Health Promotion, University of Toledo, OH 43606
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
From January 1980 to December 1990, several types of total artificial hearts were implanted into 378 animals. In a retrospective study of these animals, 147 (39%) were found to have thrombus with infection (T&I). The criteria for diagnosis was thrombus formation in the artificial heart and a positive blood culture. The most common pathogen isolated from T&I animals was Pseudomonas species. Concurrent skin lesions and contamination from the pressure lines may be the primary sources of infection, but bacterial translocation from the intestine is another possible route. The main pathological findings at necropsies of artificial heart animals with T&I were associated with sepsis, congestive heart failure, infected thrombus, thromboembolism, and multiple organ infarctions. Most thrombi appeared to have originated from valve junctions and connectors. On the basis of these observations, a possible mechanism for pathogenesis of T&I has been proposed. The results suggest that design improvements and surface modifications to reduce thrombosis are important factors that should be carefully considered. Similarly, it is important to eliminate the route of entry of pathogenic microorganisms. These findings imply that bacterial interaction with thrombus, device related bacterial colonization, and host immunomodulation and gut barrier function following artificial heart implantation need further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Y Chiang
- Artificial Heart Research Laboratory, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City 84103-1414, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Shaw WJ, Pantalos GM, Everett S, Olsen DB. Factors influencing the accuracy of the cardiac output monitoring and diagnostic unit for pneumatic artificial hearts. ASAIO Trans 1990; 36:M264-8. [PMID: 2252674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The Cardiac Output Monitor and Diagnostic Unit (COMDU) has been the most widely used method to noninvasively determine cardiac output in pneumatic ventricles for the past 10 years. Clinical observation has suggested a discrepancy between the COMDU and expected cardiac outputs. In vivo tests verified and quantified this error. The error sources were examined using in vitro test conditions, with both the inflow and outflow, as well as COMDU flow readings, being analyzed. Transducer and calibration error sources were also identified, and the accuracy of the method for determining cardiac output for the in vitro test conditions was quantified. With a more accurate calibration scheme, the in vitro average error was reduced from -16.2% (range of 0.1% to -41.1%) to 0.1% (range 4.8% to -3.65). The major error sources were identified as missed inflow, transducer calibration and drift, and system variance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W J Shaw
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City 84112
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
The pulsatile nature of an implanted total artificial heart (TAH) may have several deleterious effects. To define the level of TAH impact, acceleration was measured and compared with that of the natural heart in a series of in vivo and in vitro experiments. In TAH implantations in calves, miniature accelerometers were incorporated onto the housing of a Utah-100 left ventricle. Identical accelerometers were glued to felt pledgets to obtain measurement of radial cardiac acceleration when sewn to the epicardial surface of the natural heart. Measurement of natural and artificial heart acceleration was made both intraoperatively and postoperatively in several animals. Many pumping conditions were also investigated with a similarly instrumented UVAD 85 left ventricle during in vitro testing. The peak natural heart acceleration measured was nearly 2 g both intraoperatively and at rest. Treadmill exercise or epinephrine infusion produced twice the resting peak acceleration value of the natural heart. Artificial heart peak acceleration as great as +/- 100 g was found intraoperatively and postoperatively. Peak TAH acceleration could be reduced by allowing the ventricle to fill fully prior to the start of the next systole, by allowing the ventricle to fully eject prior to the next diastole, or by using a ventricular pressurization waveform that has a smooth contour with a sinusoidal-like profile. The ability to lower TAH acceleration may lead to a reduction in undesirable consequences of TAH implantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Pantalos
- Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
To provide normative data, we measured anogenital distances in 115 infants of 25 to 42 weeks gestational age and 10 pregnant women, including anus to fourchette (AF), anus to base of the clitoris (AC), and fourchette to base of the clitoris (FC). All infant measurements showed positive and significant correlations with body surface area, weight, length, and gestational age (P less than 0.001). However, the anogenital ratio (AF/AC) followed a normal distribution and did not correlate with any of the anthropometric variables or age. Mean (+/- SD) value in infants was 0.37 +/- 0.07, and in adults, 0.36 +/- 0.07. An anogenital ratio greater than 0.50 falls outside the 95% confidence limits, suggests labioscrotal fusion, and indicates a need for further evaluation. Because it is independent of body size and gestational age, the anogenital ratio should be useful in diagnosing androgen-induced labioscrotal fusion in both premature and full-term female infants.
Collapse
|
40
|
|
41
|
|
42
|
Abstract
The pupils of neonates often need to be dilated to examine the retina for retinopathy of prematurity and other disorders. It is known that low-weight infants (less than 1600 grams) are susceptible to systemic hypertension when 10% or 2.5% phenylephrine eye drops are used. To find the safest and best commercially available mydriatic agent in neonates, 30 low-weight infants were divided evenly into three groups. The drops tested were cyclopentolate 0.5% alone, cyclopentolate 0.5% plus mydriacyl 0.5%, and a combination drop of phenylephrine 1% and cyclopentolate 0.2%. There was no clinically significant effect of any of the drops on systolic blood pressure or pulse rate. The cyclopentolate and phenylephrine combination dilated the pupils by a mean of 2.8 mm which was statistically greater than the other groups (P less than 0.01) and had a longer duration of maximal dilation than the other drops (P less than 0.05).
Collapse
|
43
|
Abstract
Basal acid output and meal-stimulated acid output were measured in newborn infants after nasogastric infusion of 5% glucose and elemental formula, respectively. In six older infants (age range 6 to 31 months), basal acid output was 0.067 +/- 0.017 mmol/kg/hr and maximal acid output was 0.200 +/- 0.028 mmol/kg/hr. Meal-stimulated acid output in four of six older infants was 0.149 +/- 0.038 mmol/kg/hr. In eight healthy newborn infants basal acid output was 0.038 +/- 0.008 mmol/kg/hr; meal-stimulated acid output was 0.064 +/- 0.011 mmol/kg/hr (P less than 0.01). The time course of the secretory response to the elemental formula was as described previously after a protein meal in adults: the rate of acid secretion increased after 20 minutes and remained greater than the basal rate through the remainder of the 90 minute test period. These results demonstrate that in human newborn infants a mixed meal containing protein hydrolysate induces an acid secretory response that is qualitatively similar to but weaker than the response in older infants and adults.
Collapse
|
44
|
Abstract
Cross-sectional and limited sequential studies of neutrophil and monocyte chemotaxis were done using cells isolated from cord blood and peripheral blood of 2- to 6-day-old neonates and infants at 4 and 6 months of age. These studies show that cord blood phagocyte chemotaxis is comparable to adult values, whereas phagocyte chemotaxis at 2-6 days of age is significantly lower than adult (P less than 0.01) or cord (P less 0.01) chemotaxis values. At 6 months of age, phagocyte chemotaxis is still low compared to adult values (P less than 0.01).
Collapse
|
45
|
Abstract
Two-and-a-half percent phenylephrine eye drops were used in combination with 0.5% tropicamide for routine pupillary dilation in 10 low weight infants. Significant systolic blood pressure elevation was noted in eight of 10 infants. A matched control group dilated with cycloplegics alone did not show a significant rise in systolic blood pressure. The mean change in pupillary dilation in the study group was 3.9 mm compared with 3.1 mm in the control group. This difference is not statistically significant. We therefore recommend that cycloplegic agents alone be used for pupillary dilation in these high risk infants.
Collapse
|