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Oda A, Yoshida M, Imamura S, Takahashi T, Oue K, Doi M, Shimizu Y, Ono S, Nakagawa T, Koizumi K, Aikawa T. Anesthetic management of a patient with Sturge-Weber syndrome in sagittal split ramus osteotomy surgery. Clin Case Rep 2024; 12:e8747. [PMID: 38590332 PMCID: PMC10999559 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.8747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) is a neurocutaneous syndrome characterized by angiomas. This report presents airway management using submental intubation in sagittal split ramus osteotomy under general anesthesia and aimed to explore better anesthetic management for avoiding the rupture of angiomas in a patient with SWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Oda
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine Hiroshima University Hospital Hiroshima Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Yoshida
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine Hiroshima University Hospital Hiroshima Japan
| | - Serika Imamura
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine Hiroshima University Hospital Hiroshima Japan
| | - Tamayo Takahashi
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine Hiroshima University Hospital Hiroshima Japan
| | - Kana Oue
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine Hiroshima University Hospital Hiroshima Japan
| | - Mitsuru Doi
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Shimizu
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan
| | - Shigehiro Ono
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan
| | - Takayuki Nakagawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan
| | - Koichi Koizumi
- Department of Oral Oncology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan
| | - Tomonao Aikawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan
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Kikuchi Y, Irifune M, Yoshinaka T, Oue K, Takahashi T, Oda A, Kamio H, Imamura S, Sasaki U, Imado E, Ago Y, Okada Y. A Behavioral and Electroencephalographic Study of Anesthetic State Induced by MK-801 Combined with Haloperidol, Ketamine and Riluzole in Mice. Anesth Analg 2024:00000539-990000000-00753. [PMID: 38377038 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000006900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ketamine is an intravenous anesthetic that acts as a channel blocker on the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, a glutamate receptor subtype. MK-801 is the most potent compound among noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonists. Ketamine induces loss of the righting reflex (LORR) in rodents, which is one of the indicators of unconsciousness, whereas high doses of MK-801 produce ataxia, but not LORR. In contrast, we previously reported that MK-801 combined with a low dose of the dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol-induced LORR in mice. To assess a neurophysiologically distinct brain state and demonstrate unconsciousness, electroencephalograms (EEG) need to be examined together with LORR. Therefore, we herein investigated EEG changes after the systemic administration of MK-801 alone or in combination with haloperidol, and compared them with those induced by ketamine, the glutamate release inhibitor riluzole, and the γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor agonist propofol. METHODS All drugs were intraperitoneally administered to adult male ddY mice (n = 168). General anesthesia was evaluated based on the righting reflex test. Animals who exhibited no righting for more than 30 seconds were considered to have LORR. In a separate group of mice, EEG of the primary visual cortex was recorded before and after the administration of MK-801 (3.0 mg/kg) alone or in combination with haloperidol (0.2 mg/kg), ketamine (150 mg/kg), riluzole (30 mg/kg), or propofol (240 mg/kg). The waveforms recorded were analyzed using EEG power spectra and spectrograms. RESULTS The high dose of MK-801 alone did not induce LORR, whereas MK-801 combined with haloperidol produced LORR in a dose-dependent manner. Ketamine, riluzole, and propofol also dose-dependently induced LORR. In the EEG study, MK-801 alone induced a significant increase in δ power, while MK-801 plus haloperidol exerted similar effects on not only δ, but also θ and α power during LORR, suggesting that increases in δ, θ, and α power were necessary for LORR. The results obtained on MK-801 plus haloperidol were similar to those on ketamine in the behavioral and EEG studies, except for an increase in γ power by ketamine during LORR. Propofol significantly increased δ, θ, α, and β power during LORR. However, the EEG results obtained using riluzole, which produced a unique pattern of lower amplitude activity spanning most frequencies, markedly differed from those with the other drugs. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed differences in EEG changes induced by various sedatives. The results obtained on MK-801 alone and MK-801 plus haloperidol suggest the importance of dopamine transmission in maintaining the righting reflex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Kikuchi
- From the Section of Dental Anesthesiology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masahiro Irifune
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Taiga Yoshinaka
- From the Section of Dental Anesthesiology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kana Oue
- From the Section of Dental Anesthesiology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tamayo Takahashi
- From the Section of Dental Anesthesiology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Aya Oda
- From the Section of Dental Anesthesiology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hisanobu Kamio
- From the Section of Dental Anesthesiology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Serika Imamura
- From the Section of Dental Anesthesiology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Utaka Sasaki
- From the Section of Dental Anesthesiology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Eiji Imado
- From the Section of Dental Anesthesiology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yukio Ago
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Okada
- Department of Special Care Dentistry, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
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Shimizu Y, Ohshimo S, Saeki N, Oue K, Sasaki U, Imamura S, Kamio H, Imado E, Sadamori T, Tsutsumi YM, Shime N. New acoustic monitoring system quantifying aspiration risk during monitored anaesthesia care. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20196. [PMID: 37980396 PMCID: PMC10657450 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46561-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory monitoring is crucial during monitored anaesthesia care (MAC) to ensure patient safety. Patients undergoing procedures like gastrointestinal endoscopy and dental interventions under MAC have a heightened risk of aspiration. Despite the risks, no current system or device can evaluate aspiration risk. This study presents a novel acoustic monitoring system designed to detect fluid retention in the upper airway during MAC. We conducted a prospective observational study with 60 participants undergoing dental treatment under MAC. We utilized a prototype acoustic monitoring system to assess fluid retention in the upper airway by analysing inspiratory sounds. Water was introduced intraorally in participants to simulate fluid retention; artificial intelligence (AI) analysed respiratory sounds pre and post-injection. We also compared respiratory sounds pre-treatment and during coughing events. Coughing was observed in 14 patients during MAC, and 31 instances of apnoea were detected by capnography. However, 27 of these cases had breath sounds. Notably, with intraoral water injection, the Stridor Quantitative Value (STQV) significantly increased; furthermore, the STQV was substantially higher immediately post-coughing in patients who coughed during MAC. In summary, the innovative acoustic monitoring system using AI provides accurate evaluations of fluid retention in the upper airway, offering potential to mitigate aspiration risks during MAC.Clinical trial number: jRCTs 062220054.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Shimizu
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan.
| | - Shinichiro Ohshimo
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Noboru Saeki
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Kana Oue
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Utaka Sasaki
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Serika Imamura
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Hisanobu Kamio
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Eiji Imado
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Takuma Sadamori
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Yasuo M Tsutsumi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shime
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
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Noguchi S, Kajimoto T, Kumamoto T, Shingai M, Narasaki S, Urabe T, Imamura S, Harada K, Hide I, Tanaka S, Yanase Y, Nakamura SI, Tsutsumi YM, Sakai N. Features and mechanisms of propofol-induced protein kinase C (PKC) translocation and activation in living cells. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1284586. [PMID: 38026993 PMCID: PMC10662334 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1284586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose: In this study, we aimed to elucidate the action mechanisms of propofol, particularly those underlying propofol-induced protein kinase C (PKC) translocation. Experimental approach: Various PKCs fused with green fluorescent protein (PKC-GFP) or other GFP-fused proteins were expressed in HeLa cells, and their propofol-induced dynamics were observed using confocal laser scanning microscopy. Propofol-induced PKC activation in cells was estimated using the C kinase activity receptor (CKAR), an indicator of intracellular PKC activation. We also examined PKC translocation using isomers and derivatives of propofol to identify the crucial structural motifs involved in this process. Key results: Propofol persistently translocated PKCα conventional PKCs and PKCδ from novel PKCs (nPKCs) to the plasma membrane (PM). Propofol translocated PKCδ and PKCη of nPKCs to the Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum, respectively. Propofol also induced the nuclear translocation of PKCζ of atypical PKCs or proteins other than PKCs, such that the protein concentration inside and outside the nucleus became uniform. CKAR analysis revealed that propofol activated PKC in the PM and Golgi apparatus. Moreover, tests using isomers and derivatives of propofol predicted that the structural motifs important for the induction of PKC and nuclear translocation are different. Conclusion and implications: Propofol induced the subtype-specific intracellular translocation of PKCs and activated PKCs. Additionally, propofol induced the nuclear translocation of PKCs and other proteins, probably by altering the permeability of the nuclear envelope. Interestingly, propofol-induced PKC and nuclear translocation may occur via different mechanisms. Our findings provide insights into the action mechanisms of propofol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soma Noguchi
- Department of Molecular and Pharmacological Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Taketoshi Kajimoto
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takuya Kumamoto
- Department of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masashi Shingai
- Department of Molecular and Pharmacological Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Soshi Narasaki
- Department of Molecular and Pharmacological Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Urabe
- Department of Molecular and Pharmacological Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Serika Imamura
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kana Harada
- Department of Molecular and Pharmacological Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Izumi Hide
- Department of Molecular and Pharmacological Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Sigeru Tanaka
- Department of Molecular and Pharmacological Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuhki Yanase
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shun-Ichi Nakamura
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yasuo M. Tsutsumi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Norio Sakai
- Department of Molecular and Pharmacological Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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5
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Oue K, Oda A, Shimizu Y, Takahashi T, Kamio H, Sasaki U, Imamura S, Imado E, Mukai A, Doi M, Sakuma M, Ono S, Aikawa T, Yoshida M. Efficacy and safety of remimazolam besilate for sedation in outpatients undergoing impacted third molar extraction: a prospective exploratory study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:774. [PMID: 37865761 PMCID: PMC10589926 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03538-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental treatments often cause anxiety, fear, and stress in patients. Intravenous sedation is widely used to alleviate these concerns, and various agents are employed for sedation. However, it is important to find safer and more effective sedation agents, considering the adverse effects associated with current agents. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of remimazolam besilate (hereinafter called "remimazolam") and to determine the optimal dosages for sedation in outpatients undergoing dental procedures. METHODS Thirty-one outpatients aged 18-65 years scheduled for impacted third molar extraction were included in the study. Remimazolam was administered as a single dose of 0.05 mg/kg followed by a continuous infusion at a rate of 0.35 mg/kg/h, with the infusion rate adjusted to maintain a sedation level at a Modified Observer's Assessment of Alertness/Sedation (MOAA/S) score of 2-4. The primary endpoint was the sedation success rate with remimazolam monotherapy, and the secondary endpoints included induction time, recovery time, time until discharge, remimazolam dose, respiratory and circulatory dynamics, and frequency of adverse events. RESULTS The sedation success rate with remimazolam monotherapy was 100%. The remimazolam induction dose was 0.08 (0.07-0.09) mg/kg, and the anesthesia induction time was 3.2 (2.6-3.9) min. The mean infusion rate of remimazolam during the procedure was 0.40 (0.38-0.42) mg/kg/h. The time from the end of remimazolam administration to awakening was 8.0 (6.7-9.3) min, and the time from the end of remimazolam administration to discharge was 14.0 (12.5-15.5) min. There were no significant respiratory or circulatory effects requiring intervention during sedation. CONCLUSIONS Continuous intravenous administration of remimazolam can achieve optimal sedation levels without significantly affecting respiratory or circulatory dynamics. The study also provided guidance on the appropriate dosage of remimazolam for achieving moderate sedation during dental procedures. Additionally, the study findings suggest that electroencephalogram monitoring can be a reliable indicator of the level of sedation during dental procedural sedation with remimazolam. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was registered in the Japan Registry of Clinical Trials (No. jRCTs061220052) on 30/08/2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kana Oue
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine, Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Kasumi 1-2-3, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan.
| | - Aya Oda
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine, Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Kasumi 1-2-3, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Shimizu
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Kasumi 1-2-3, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tamayo Takahashi
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine, Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Kasumi 1-2-3, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hisanobu Kamio
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine, Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Kasumi 1-2-3, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Utaka Sasaki
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine, Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Kasumi 1-2-3, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Serika Imamura
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine, Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Kasumi 1-2-3, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Eiji Imado
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine, Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Kasumi 1-2-3, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Akari Mukai
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Kasumi 1-2-3, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Doi
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Kasumi 1-2-3, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Miyuki Sakuma
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Kasumi 1-2-3, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Ono
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Kasumi 1-2-3, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomonao Aikawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Kasumi 1-2-3, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Yoshida
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine, Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Kasumi 1-2-3, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
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Teraguchi I, Imanishi T, Komukai K, Tamaki T, Imamura S, Kataiwa H. The association between acute-to-chronic glycemic ratio and outcome in acute heart failure. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.1206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Elevated blood glucose level on admission worsen outcome in acute heart failure (AHF). The admission blood glucose (ABG)/ the estimated average glucose (eAG) ratio which combines both acute and chronic glucose levels is attracting attention as a newly introduced glycemic index. It may be accepted as indicating the true acute glycemic rise in critically in all patients.
Purpose
The aim of this study was to assess the association between acute-to-chronic glycemic ratio and outcome in AHF.
Methods
This study assessed consecutive patients with AHF. The ABG/ eAG ratio was determined as ABG divided by eAG. We examined the relationship between ABG/ eAG ratio and all-cause mortality and readmission for heart failure within 30 days.
Results
A total of 249 patients with AHF (mean age; 81 years, 50% male and 37% DM) were studied. 31 (12.4%) patients had events within 30 days [18 (7.2%) died and 13 (5.2%) readmitted for HF]. We divided into three tertiles [T1 (<0.93), T2 (0.93–1.21) and T3 (>1.21)] based on the ABG/ eAG ratio. There was a stepwise worsening of the 30 days outcome [1 patient (0.4%) vs 7 patients (2.8%) vs 23 patients (9.2%), p<0.0001]. In multiple variable analysis, ABG/ eAG ratio was an independent predictor of the events (p=0.002). A cut-off value of the ABG/ eAG ratio <1.11 had a sensitivity of 94% and specificity of 67% for the increase of events within 30 days. In full model, the ABG/ eAG ratio was independent predictor of 30 days outcome in AHF (odds ratio: 11.7; 95% confidence interval: 3.65–37.5; p<0.0001).
Conclusion
ABG/ eAG ratio was one of the strong predictors 30 days outcome in AHF. Elevated blood glucose in the acute phase evaluated using the ABG/ eAG ratiocan enhance affect outcome and it could be a potential therapeutic target in patients of AHF.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - T Tamaki
- Hidaka Hospital, Wakayama, Japan
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7
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Mizuno M, Fukunaga A, Washio K, Imamura S, Oda Y, Nishigori C. A visual analogue scale for itch and pain in 23 cases of cholinergic urticaria. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 34:e493-e495. [PMID: 32242985 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Mizuno
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - A Fukunaga
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - K Washio
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - S Imamura
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Y Oda
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - C Nishigori
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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Onishi N, Kaitani K, Shimizu Y, Imamura S, Hanazawa K, Nakagawa Y, Shizuta S, Kimura T. P1517Relationship between early and late recurrence after atrial fibrillation ablation of cardiomyopathy, sleep-disordered breathing, or hemodialysis: From Kansai Plus Atrial Fibrillation Registry. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy565.p1517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N Onishi
- Japanese Red Cross Otsu Hospital, Cardiology, Otsu, Japan
| | - K Kaitani
- Japanese Red Cross Otsu Hospital, Cardiology, Otsu, Japan
| | - Y Shimizu
- Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki Hospital, Cardiology, Amagasaki, Japan
| | - S Imamura
- Wakayama Medical University, Cardiology, Wakayama, Japan
| | - K Hanazawa
- Wakayama Red Cross Hospital, Cardiology, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Y Nakagawa
- Tenri Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Tenri, Nara, Japan
| | - S Shizuta
- Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Cardiology, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Kimura
- Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Cardiology, Kyoto, Japan
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9
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Onishi N, Kaitani K, Shimizu Y, Imamura S, Hanazawa K, Nakagawa Y, Shizuta S, Kimura T. P1910Clinical impact of early recurrence after initial catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation patients on hemodialysis: from Kansai Plus Atrial Fibrillation Registry. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy565.p1910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N Onishi
- Japanese Red Cross Otsu Hospital, Cardiology, Otsu, Japan
| | - K Kaitani
- Japanese Red Cross Otsu Hospital, Cardiology, Otsu, Japan
| | - Y Shimizu
- Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki Hospital, Cardiology, Amagasaki, Japan
| | - S Imamura
- Wakayama Medical University, Cardiology, Wakayama, Japan
| | - K Hanazawa
- Wakayama Red Cross Hospital, Cardiology, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Y Nakagawa
- Tenri Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Tenri, Nara, Japan
| | - S Shizuta
- Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Cardiology, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Kimura
- Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Cardiology, Kyoto, Japan
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Fujikawa T, Imamura S, Tokumaru M, Ando T, Gen Y, Hyon SH, Kubota C. 43 Cryopreservation of Bovine Sperm Using Antifreeze Polyamino-Acid. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv30n1ab43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Carboxylated poly-l-lysine (CPLL), an ampholytic polymer compound, is reported to have a cryoprotective property similar to that of antifreeze proteins. We previously reported the effectiveness of CPLL as cryoprotective material for bovine sperm (43rd Annual Conference of International Embryo Technology Society, Austin, TX, USA; http://www.iets.org/2017/IETS_2017_Program_Book_FINAL.pdf). In this research, we investigated additional aspects of CPLL for bovine sperm. The conventional cryopreservation medium used for Control group consisted of 6.5% (v/v) glycerin, and the cryopreservation medium used for the CPLL group consisted of 3.25% (v/v) glycerin and 0.5% CPLL (w/v). In experiment 1, sperm motility was measured 1, 3, and 6 h after thawing. The post-thaw motility was assessed by using Sperm Motility Analysis System (DITECT Corp., Tokyo, Japan). The CPLL treatment yielded better motility rate at 6 h (Control v. CPLL; 23.7% v. 38.5%; P < 0.01), average path velocity (μm s−1) at 1 and 3 h (Control v. CPLL; 49.8 v. 57.7, 35.8 v. 42.8; P < 0.01), straight-line velocity (μm s−1) at 1 h (Control v. CPLL; 35.2 v. 45.7; P < 0.01), and curvilinear velocity (μm/s) at 1 and 3 h (Control v. CPLL; 93.7 v. 106.2, 59.9 v. 68.4; P < 0.01) than the Control. In experiment 2, sperm membrane integrity was assessed by using the LIVE/DEAD Sperm Viability Kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific K.K., Kanagawa, Japan). The CPLL group yielded greater sperm membrane integrity rate than control (Control v. CPLL; 49.6% v. 60.6%; P < 0.01). In experiment 3, AI was carried out on 111 cows (Control v. CPLL; 49 v. 62) and the conception rate of the CPLL group was significantly higher than that of the control group (53.1% v. 79.0%; P < 0.01). Previously, we reported the effectiveness of CPLL for bovine sperm. In this study, we clarified how CPLL works to improve the conception rate of AI: CPLL maintains post-thaw motility and protects the sperm membrane. These results suggest that CPLL has potential as a new cryoprotective material for bovine sperm.
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Kaitani K, Onishi N, Imamura S, Kuroda M, Izumi C, Nakagawa Y. P902The clinical significance of left atrial remodeling after BOX isolation in non-paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Europace 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/eux151.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Fujikawa T, Kubota C, Ando T, Imamura S, Tokumaru M, Yamakuchi H, Gen Y, Hyon SH. 47 CRYOPRESERVATION OF BOVINE GERM CELL USING ANTIFREEZE POLYAMINO-ACID (CARBOXYLATED POLY-L-LYSINE). Reprod Fertil Dev 2017. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv29n1ab47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Carboxylated poly-l-lysine (CPLL) is an ampholytic polymer compound, and it is obtained by converting 65% amino groups to carboxyl groups after synthesising ε-poly-l-lysine aqueous solution and succinic anhydride. CPLL has cryoprotective property similar to antifreeze protein, and addition of CPLL into cryopreservation medium improves the post-thaw survival rate of cells and embryos. In this research, we examined the effectiveness of CPLL as a bovine germ cell cryoprotective material. In experiment 1 (in sperm), the conventional cryopreservation medium used for control group was consisted of 6.5% (vol/vol) glycerin, and the cryopreservation medium used for CPLL group was consisted of 3.25% (vol/vol) glycerin and 0.5% CPLL (wt/vol). The post-thaw survival and motility were assessed by using Sperm Motility Analysis System (DITECT Corp., Tokyo, Japan). There was no significant difference for post-thaw survival rate and motility (control v. CPLL; 98.8% v. 96.6% and 69.7% v. 62.2%, respectively). Artificial insemination was carried out in 65 cows (control v. CPLL; 34 v. 31), and the conception rate of the CPLL group was higher than that of the control group (80.6% v. 67.6%; P = 0.23). In experiment 2 (embryos), the conventional cryopreservation medium used for control group was consisted of 5% (vol/vol) ethylene glycol and 6% (vol/vol) propylene glycol in PBS. In the CPLL group, 7% (wt/vol) CPLL was added to the conventional medium. In vitro fertilization embryos were cryopreserved at Day 7 and Day 8. There was no significant difference in survival rate at 0, 24, and 48 h and hatched rate until 72 h after thawing (control v. CPLL: 93.6% v. 93.2%, 69.0% v. 64.7%, 56.1% v. 56.3%, 12.9% v. 10.2%, respectively). Embryos obtained by superovulation treatment and in vivo fertilization at Day 7 were cryopreserved using above 2 media, and transferred non-surgically into synchronized recipient cows (1 embryo per animal). Embryo transfer (ET) was carried out in 81 cows (control v. CPLL: 31 v. 50), and recipients were diagnosed for pregnancy ultrasonically 50 days after embryo transfer. Conception rate of CPLL group was higher than control group (50.0% v. 29.0%; P = 0.063). In both experiments, the significant differences between control group and CPLL group were determined by chi-squared test. The effectiveness of CPLL in cells and embryos has been reported; however, there is no report using CPLL in bovine germ cells. In this research, CPLL improved the conception rate of AI and ET, probably due to its low toxicity and protection of the cell membrane. These results suggest that CPLL is available as a new cryoprotective material for bovine sperm and embryo in slow freezing methods.
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Nakajima K, Usui S, Shinohata R, Miyashita K, Imamura S, Kobayashi J, Machida T, Sumino H, Murakami M. Most of the hepatic triglyceride lipase (HTGL) is bound to apoE-rich HDL in post-heparin plasma. Atherosclerosis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.07.563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Miura R, Imamura S, Ohta R, Ishii A, Liu X, Shimada T, Iwamoto S, Arakawa Y, Kato YK. Ultralow mode-volume photonic crystal nanobeam cavities for high-efficiency coupling to individual carbon nanotube emitters. Nat Commun 2014; 5:5580. [PMID: 25420679 PMCID: PMC4263150 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The unique emission properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes are attractive for achieving increased functionality in integrated photonics. In addition to being room-temperature telecom-band emitters that can be directly grown on silicon, they are ideal for coupling to nanoscale photonic structures. Here we report on high-efficiency coupling of individual air-suspended carbon nanotubes to silicon photonic crystal nanobeam cavities. Photoluminescence images of dielectric- and air-mode cavities reflect their distinctly different mode profiles and show that fields in the air are important for coupling. We find that the air-mode cavities couple more efficiently, and estimated spontaneous emission coupling factors reach a value as high as 0.85. Our results demonstrate advantages of ultralow mode-volumes in air-mode cavities for coupling to low-dimensional nanoscale emitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Miura
- Institute of Engineering Innovation, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - S Imamura
- Institute of Engineering Innovation, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - R Ohta
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - A Ishii
- Institute of Engineering Innovation, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - X Liu
- Institute of Engineering Innovation, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - T Shimada
- Institute of Engineering Innovation, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - S Iwamoto
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Y Arakawa
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Y K Kato
- Institute of Engineering Innovation, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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Yabu T, Shiba H, Shibasaki Y, Nakanishi T, Imamura S, Touhata K, Yamashita M. Stress-induced ceramide generation and apoptosis via the phosphorylation and activation of nSMase1 by JNK signaling. Cell Death Differ 2014; 22:258-73. [PMID: 25168245 PMCID: PMC4291487 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2014.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Revised: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutral sphingomyelinase (nSMase) activation in response to environmental stress or inflammatory cytokine stimuli generates the second messenger ceramide, which mediates the stress-induced apoptosis. However, the signaling pathways and activation mechanism underlying this process have yet to be elucidated. Here we show that the phosphorylation of nSMase1 (sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 2, SMPD2) by c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling stimulates ceramide generation and apoptosis and provide evidence for a signaling mechanism that integrates stress- and cytokine-activated apoptosis in vertebrate cells. An nSMase1 was identified as a JNK substrate, and the phosphorylation site responsible for its effects on stress and cytokine induction was Ser-270. In zebrafish cells, the substitution of Ser-270 for alanine blocked the phosphorylation and activation of nSMase1, whereas the substitution of Ser-270 for negatively charged glutamic acid mimicked the effect of phosphorylation. The JNK inhibitor SP600125 blocked the phosphorylation and activation of nSMase1, which in turn blocked ceramide signaling and apoptosis. A variety of stress conditions, including heat shock, UV exposure, hydrogen peroxide treatment, and anti-Fas antibody stimulation, led to the phosphorylation of nSMase1, activated nSMase1, and induced ceramide generation and apoptosis in zebrafish embryonic ZE and human Jurkat T cells. In addition, the depletion of MAPK8/9 or SMPD2 by RNAi knockdown decreased ceramide generation and stress- and cytokine-induced apoptosis in Jurkat cells. Therefore the phosphorylation of nSMase1 is a pivotal step in JNK signaling, which leads to ceramide generation and apoptosis under stress conditions and in response to cytokine stimulation. nSMase1 has a common central role in ceramide signaling during the stress and cytokine responses and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yabu
- Nihon University, College of Bioresource Sciences, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - H Shiba
- Nihon University, College of Bioresource Sciences, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Y Shibasaki
- Nihon University, College of Bioresource Sciences, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - T Nakanishi
- Nihon University, College of Bioresource Sciences, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - S Imamura
- Food Safety Assessment Research Group, National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, 12-4 Fukuura 2, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-8648, Japan
| | - K Touhata
- Food Safety Assessment Research Group, National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, 12-4 Fukuura 2, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-8648, Japan
| | - M Yamashita
- Food Safety Assessment Research Group, National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, 12-4 Fukuura 2, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-8648, Japan
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Suzuki K, Ogishima M, Sugiyama M, Inouye Y, Nakamura S, Imamura S. Molecular Cloning and Expression of aStreptomycesSarcosine Oxidase Gene inStreptomyces lividans. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 56:432-6. [PMID: 1368326 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.56.432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A genomic library of Streptomyces sp. KB210-8SY, prepared in the plasmid vector pACYC184, was screened to obtain the gene encoding sarcosine oxidase with probes based on the amino acid sequence of the protein. A plasmid pSOXS13, which was isolated from a clone identified by hybridization with the probes, contained a 8.4-kb insert of Streptomyces DNA. When the 2.0-kb MIuI/EcoRV DNA fragment of pSOXS13 was inserted into the Streptomyces vector pIJ680 and introduced into S. lividans, the transformants produced 100-fold more sarcosine oxidase intracellularly than KB210-8SY. The nucleotides of the 1.7-kb fragment containing the sarcosine oxidase gene were sequenced. An open reading frame encoded a mature sarcosine oxidase consisting of 388 amino acids, with a calculated molecular mass of 42,107 daltons.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Suzuki
- Research Laboratories, Toyo Jozo Co., Ltd., Shizuoka, Japan
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Sugimoto S, Mizukami T, Ito T, Tsunoda Y, Imamura S, Tamura T, Nagakubo S, Morohoshi Y, Koike Y, Fujita Y, Komatsu H. Endoscopic detorsion for sigmoid volvulus using unsedated water-immersion colonoscopy. Endoscopy 2014; 45 Suppl 2 UCTN:E263-4. [PMID: 24008457 DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1344567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Sugimoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yokohama Municipal Citizens' Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.
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Imamura S, Hirata K, Kubo T, Ishibashi K, Tanimoto T, Yamano T, Ino Y, Yamaguchi T, Imanishi T, Akasaka T. Deceleration time of diastolic coronary flow velocity as a predictor of transmural extent of infarction in patients with acute myocardial infarction after primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht308.p2049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Hugues T, Lacroix-Hugues V, Yaici K, Gibelin P, Cabrita I, Pires S, Nunes A, Sousa C, Cortez-Dias N, Pinto F, Hrynkiewicz-Szymanska A, Braksator W, Szymanski F, Chmielewski M, Dluzniewski M, Alonso Fernandez P, Andres Lahuerta A, Miro Palau V, Buendia Fuentes F, Igual Munoz B, Osa Saez A, Quesada Carmona A, Tejada Ponce D, Munoz B, Salvador Sanz A, Imamura S, Hirata KH, Kubo T, Orii M, Tanimono T, Takemoto K, Ino Y, Yamaguchi T, Imanishi T, Akasaka T, Kinoshita T, Asai T, Suzuki T, Krestjyaninov M, Ruzov V, Imamura S, Hirata KH, Kubo T, Orii M, Tanimoto T, Yamano T, Ino Y, Yamaguchi T, Imanishi T, Akasaka T, Junca Puig G, Sistach EF, Delgado Ramis L, Lopez Ayerbe J, Vallejo Camazon N, Gual Capllonch F, Teis Soley A, Camara Rosell M, Ruyra Baliarda X, Bayes-Genis A, Alonso fernandez P, Igual Munoz B, Andres Lahuerta A, Maceira Gonzalez A, Hernandez C, Bel Minguez A, Miro Palau V, Munoz Igual B, Montero Argudo A, Salvador Sanz A, Antit S, fennira S, Zairi I, Kamoun S, Kraiem S, Matsuyama A, Hirata KH, Kubo T, Orii M, Takemoto K, Tanimoto T, Yamano T, Ino Y, Imanishi T, Akasaka T, Van De Heyning C, Magne J, Pierard L, Davin L, Bruyere P, De Maeyer C, Paelinck B, Vrints C, Lancellotti P, Wang J, fang F, Liu M, Liang Y, Yu C, Lam Y, Kenny C, Monaghan M, Ercan S, Kervancioglu S, Davutoglu V, Cakici M, Ozkur A, Oylumlu M, Sari I, Sikora-Puz A, Mizia M, Gieszczyk-Strozik K, Matyjaszczyk-Zbieg K, Haberka M, Mizia-Stec K, Gasior Z, Wos S, Deja M, Jasinski M, Enescu O, florescu M, Mihalcea D, Rimbas R, Cinteza M, Vinereanu D. Club 35 Poster Session Wednesday 5 December * Right ventricular systolic function. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jes247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Nishi A, Yamaguchi T, Sekiguchi K, Imamura S, Tabuchi M, Kanno H, Nakai Y, Hashimoto K, Ikarashi Y, Kase Y. Geissoschizine methyl ether, an alkaloid in Uncaria hook, is a potent serotonin ₁A receptor agonist and candidate for amelioration of aggressiveness and sociality by yokukansan. Neuroscience 2012; 207:124-36. [PMID: 22314317 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2011] [Revised: 01/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/19/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Yokukansan (YKS), a traditional Japanese medicine, is composed of seven kinds of dried herbs. It is widely prescribed in clinical situation for treating psychiatric disorders such as aggressiveness in patients with dementia. We previously demonstrated that YKS and Uncaria hook (UH), which is a constituent herb of YKS, had a partial agonistic effect to 5-HT(1A) receptors in vitro. However, it has still been unclear whether this in vitro effect is reflected in in vivo, and what the active ingredients are. The purpose of the present study is to find the active ingredient in YKS and to demonstrate the effect in in vivo. In the present study, we first studied the effect of YKS and UH on aggressiveness and sociality in socially isolated mice. YKS and UH ameliorated the isolation-induced increased aggressiveness and decreased sociality, and these ameliorative effects were counteracted by coadministration of 5-HT(1A) receptor antagonist WAY-100635, or disappeared by eliminating UH from YKS. These results suggest that the effect of YKS is mainly attributed to UH, and the active ingredient is contained in UH. To find the candidate ingredients, we examined competitive binding assay and [(35)S] guanosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) (GTPγS) binding assay of seven major alkaloids in UH using Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing 5-HT(1A) receptors artificially. Only geissoschizine methyl ether (GM) among seven alkaloids potently bound to 5-HT(1A) receptors and acted as a partial agonist. This in vitro result on GM was further demonstrated in the socially isolated mice. As did YKS and UH, GM ameliorated the isolation-induced increased aggressiveness and decreased sociality, and the effect was counteracted by coadministration of WAY-100635. These lines of results suggest that GM in UH is potent 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist and a candidate for pharmacological effect of YKS on aggressiveness and sociality in socially isolated mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nishi
- Tsumura Research Laboratories, Tsumura & Co., 3586 Yoshiwara, Ami-machi, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki 300-1192, Japan.
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Nakajima K, Kobayashi J, Mabuchi H, Nakano T, Tokita Y, Nagamine T, Imamura S, Ai M, Otokozawa S, Schaefer EF. Association of angiopoietin-like protein 3 with hepatic triglyceride lipase and lipoprotein lipase activities in human plasma. Ann Clin Biochem 2010; 47:423-31. [DOI: 10.1258/acb.2010.009307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background The relationship between plasma angiopoietin-like protein 3 (ANGPTL3), and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity and hepatic triglyceride lipase (HTGL) activity has not been investigated in the metabolism of remnant lipoproteins (RLPs) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in human plasma. Methods ANGPTL3, LPL activity, HTGL activity, RLP-C and RLP-TG and small, dense LDL-cholesterol (sd LDL-C) were measured in 20 overweight and obese subjects in the fasting and postprandial states. Results Plasma TG, RLP-C, RLP-TG and sd LDL-C were inversely correlated with LPL activity both in the fasting and postprandial states, but not correlated with HTGL activity and ANGPTL3. However, plasma HDL-C was positively correlated with LPL activity both in the fasting and postprandial states, while inversely correlated with HTGL activity. ANGPTL3 was inversely correlated with HTGL activity both in the fasting and postprandial states, but not correlated with LPL activity. Conclusion HTGL plays a major role in HDL metabolism, but not RLP metabolism. These findings suggest that ANGPTL3 is strongly associated with the inhibition of HTGL activity and regulates HDL metabolism, but not associated with the inhibition of LPL activity for the metabolism of RLPs in human plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nakajima
- Department of Lipidology and Division of Cardiology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa City, Ishikawa
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
- Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, Jean Mayer United States Department of Agriculture, Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - J Kobayashi
- Department of Lipidology and Division of Cardiology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa City, Ishikawa
| | - H Mabuchi
- Department of Lipidology and Division of Cardiology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa City, Ishikawa
| | - T Nakano
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Y Tokita
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - T Nagamine
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - S Imamura
- Diagnostics Research and Development Department, Diagnostic Division, Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation, Izunokuni City, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - M Ai
- Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, Jean Mayer United States Department of Agriculture, Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - S Otokozawa
- Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, Jean Mayer United States Department of Agriculture, Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - E F Schaefer
- Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, Jean Mayer United States Department of Agriculture, Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
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Saito Y, Konnai S, Yamada S, Imamura S, Nishikado H, Ito T, Onuma M, Ohashi K. Identification and characterization of antimicrobial peptide, defensin, in the taiga tick, Ixodes persulcatus. Insect Mol Biol 2009; 18:531-539. [PMID: 19604312 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2009.00897.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Ixodes persulcatus is the primary vector for human tick-borne diseases in Japan. A cDNA library was constructed from whole body homogenates of fed nymphs of I. persulcatus. From this library, one cDNA encoding defensin-like antimicrobial peptide was identified. The amino-acid sequence showed high similarity to those of the defensins of other ticks and arthropods. I. persulcatus defensin mRNA transcripts were detected at all life cycle stages of fed ticks and found to be predominantly expressed in the midguts of adult female ticks, but not in the salivary glands, a finding corroborated by Western blotting analysis. To investigate the function of I. persulcatus defensin, we examined its antibacterial activity by evaluation of growth of several bacterial strains in the presence of the synthetic peptide. The defensin from I. persulcatus markedly inhibited the growth of Gram-positive bacteria including Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Corynebacterium renale, but not Gram-negative bacteria except Escherichia coli O157. In conclusion, these results suggest that I. persulcatus defensin may be playing a significant role in the defence against microbes from bloodmeals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Saito
- Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
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Nishimura H, Horiguchi Y, Matsumoto I, Kobayashi S, Fujii K, Tanaka T, Furukawa F, Imamura S. Treatment of Behçet's disease with diamino-diphenyl sulphone (DDS). J DERMATOL TREAT 2009. [DOI: 10.3109/09546639309084519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Kanauchi H, Imamura S, Takigawa M, Furukawa F. Effects of cyclosporin A on lupus dermatoses in autoimmune-prone MRL/Mp-lpr/lpr mice. J DERMATOL TREAT 2009. [DOI: 10.3109/09546639409080564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Matsumura Y, Furukawa F, Imamura S. Epidermal grafting for treatment of vitiligo—associations among success rate, clinical type and autoantibodies. J DERMATOL TREAT 2009. [DOI: 10.3109/09546639309080546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Ikai K, Shimizu K, Kanauchi H, Ando Y, Furukawa F, Imamura S. The Presence of Autoantibody to Lipocortin-I in Autoimmune-Prone Mrl Mice. Autoimmunity 2009; 12:239. [PMID: 1343769 DOI: 10.3109/08916939209148464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Miki H, Iwata H, Amamo M, Imamura S, Takagi Y, Hori A. 50 POSTER Unique enzymatic profile of a potent and selective VEGFR/PDGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor, TAK-593: potent pseudo-irreversibility against VEGFR and PDGFR. EJC Suppl 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(08)71982-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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30
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Hoque M, Shimizu S, Hossain M, Yamamoto T, Imamura S, Suzuki K, Tsunoda M, Amano H, Sekiguchi T, Takenaka A. The substrate recognition and the catalytic reaction mechanisms of D-3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767308091903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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31
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Imamura S, Kobayashi J, Nakajima K, Sakasegawa S, Nohara A, Noguchi T, Kawashiri MA, Inazu A, Deeb SS, Mabuchi H, Brunzell JD. A novel method for measuring human lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase activities in postheparin plasma. J Lipid Res 2008; 49:1431-7. [PMID: 18344410 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m700528-jlr200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to establish a new lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hepatic lipase (HL) activity assay method. Seventy normal volunteers were recruited. Lipase activities were assayed by measuring the increase in absorbance at 546 nm due to the quinoneine dye. Reaction mixture-1 (R-1) contained dioleoylglycerol solubilized with lauryldimethylaminobetaine, monoacylglycerol-specific lipase, glycerolkinase, glycerol-3-phosphate oxidase, peroxidase, ascorbic acid oxidase, and apolipoprotein C-II (apoC-II). R-2 contained Tris-HCl (pH 8.7) and 4-aminoantipyrine. Automated assay of lipase activities was performed with an automatic clinical analyzer. In the assay for HL + LPL activity, 160 microl R-1 was incubated at 37 degrees C with 2 microl of sample for 5 min, and 80 microl R-2 was added. HL activities were measured under the same conditions without apoC-II. HL and LPL activities were also measured by the conventional isotope method and for HL mass by ELISA. Lipase activity detected in a 1.6 M NaCl-eluted fraction from a heparin-Sepharose column was enhanced by adding purified apoC-II in a dose-dependent manner, whereas that eluted by 0.8 M NaCl was not. Postheparin plasma-LPL and HL activities measured in the present automated method had high correlations with those measured by conventional activity and mass methods. This automated assay method for LPL and HL activities is simple and reliable and can be applied to an automatic clinical analyzer.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Imamura
- Diagnostics Research & Development Department, Diagnostic Division, Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation, Izunokuni City, Japan
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Kato T, Itoh M, Hanashita J, Itoi T, Matsumoto T, Ono Y, Imamura S, Hayakawa N, Suzuki A, Mizutani Y, Uchigata Y, Oda N. Severe hypoglycaemia in a person with insulin autoimmune syndrome accompanied by insulin receptor anomaly type B. Diabet Med 2007; 24:1279-81. [PMID: 17956452 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2007.02232.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS A rare case of the insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS) accompanied by insulin receptor anomaly is reported. METHODS Antibodies to insulin and insulin receptor were determined in the patient with severe hypoglycaemia before and after the treatment with prednisolone. RESULTS Titers of antibody to insulin and insulin receptors were 73.0% and 41.5%, respectively. Drug-induced lymphocyte stimulation tests were all negative for the suspicious drugs. Her HLA-DR was DRB1*0403/04051. Following steroid therapy, the formation of antibodies was suppressed and alleviated her symptoms. Scatchard analysis yielded findings specific to polyclonal antibodies. CONCLUSIONS The changes in autoantibodies resulted in alleviation of the hypoglycemic symptoms as a result of steroid therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kato
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Fukita Health University, School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
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Imamura S, Maehara S. Octreotide for the treatment of symptoms of bowel obstruction in advanced cancer. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.19626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
19626 Background: Symptom of bowel obstruction are common and serious complications in terminal advanced cancer patients. Mechanisms of bowel obstructions include intraabdominal carcinomatosis, drug-induced intestinal immobility and intraluminal obstruction. Octreotide inhibits the release of the several gastrointestinal hormones thereby reducing GI tract secretion, and increase the GI tract absorption by slowing down intestinal mobility and decreasing the splanchnic blood flow. Methods: Objectives of this study evaluated efficacy of octreotide in terminal cancer patients with bowel obstruction. We treated all patients with recurrent or advanced cancer admitted to our palliative unit in last 2 years, who had continuous nausea and vomiting related to no surgically bowel obstruction. Octreotide started at a dose of 150 mcg/day in subcutaneous infusion or continuous intravenous infusion, and increase to a dose of 300 mcg/day depending on the symptom. Results: 52 patients with terminal cancer were included in this study. Primary tumor were 13 colon-rectum 13, gastric 8, pancreas 8, biliary tract 4, esophagus 2, gynecological 3 and others 12. The mean age of patients is 71 years of age. All patient have died from tumor progression. The mean dose is 232 mcg/day and the mean duration of treatment is 24 days. 23 patients (45%) were remarkably improved and can take a meal. 15 patients (29%) were improved and diminished vomiting. But 13 patients (25%) remained continuous vomiting. The patient with markedly efficacy lived 2 times longer than other groups. No serious side effects were present. Conclusions: Octreotide shows good efficacy in the management of symptom of malignant obstruction and can be used safely in this population. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Imamura
- Nippon Steel Yawata Memorial Hosp, Kitakyushu City, Fukuoka Ken, Japan; Nippon Steel Yawata Memorial Hospital, Kitakyushu-City, Japan
| | - S. Maehara
- Nippon Steel Yawata Memorial Hosp, Kitakyushu City, Fukuoka Ken, Japan; Nippon Steel Yawata Memorial Hospital, Kitakyushu-City, Japan
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Gülden E, Imamura S, Ihira M, Kolb H, Burkart V. Toll-Like Rezeptor 4: Regulator der betazellgerichteten Immunreaktion und der Entwicklung des Körpergewichts im Tiermodell des Typ 1 Diabetes. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-982155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Imamura S, Kobayashi J, Sakasegawa S, Nohara A, Nakajima K, Kawashiri M, Inazu A, Yamagishi M, Koizumi J, Mabuchi H. A novel method for measuring human hepatic lipase activity in postheparin plasma. J Lipid Res 2006; 48:453-7. [PMID: 17090661 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.d600022-jlr200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to establish a hepatic lipase (HL) assay method that can be applied to automatic clinical analyzers. Seventy-four hyperlipidemic subjects (men/women 45/29) were recruited. Lipase activity was assayed measuring the increase in absorbance at 546 nm due to quinonediimine dye production. Reaction mixture R-1 contained 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 9.5), 0.5 mM glycerol-1,2-dioleate, 0.4% (unless otherwise noted) polyoxyethylene-nonylphenylether, 3 mM ATP, 3 mM MgCl(2), 1.5 mM CaCl(2), monoacylglycerol-specific lipase, glycerol kinase, glycerol-3-phosphate oxidase, 0.075% N,N-bis-(4-sulfobutyl)-3-methylaniline-2 Na, peroxidase, ascorbic acid oxidase. Reaction mixture R-2 contained 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH9.5), 0.15% 4-aminoantypirine. Automated assay for activity was performed with a Model 7080 Hitachi analyzer. In the lipase assay, 160 microl of R-1 was incubated at 37 degrees C with 3 microl of samples for 5 min, and 80 microl of R-2 was added. Within-run coefficient of variations was 0.9-1.0%. Calibration curve of lipase activity was linear (r = 0.999) between 0 and 320 U/l. Analytical recoveries of purified HL added to plasma were 96.6-99.8%. HL activity in postheparin plasma measured in this method had a closer correlation with HL mass by a sandwich ELISA (r = 0.888, P < 0.0001) than those in the conventional method using [(14)C-]triolein (r = 0.730, P < 0.0001). This assay method for HL activity can be applied to an automatic clinical analyzer.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Imamura
- Diagnostics Research and Development Department, Diagnostics Division, Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation, Izunokuni City, Japan
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Takeshita H, Hieda Y, Fujihara J, Xue Y, Nakagami N, Takayama K, Imamura S, Kataoka K. CYP2A6 polymorphism reveals differences in Japan and the existence of a specific variant in Ovambo and Turk populations. Hum Biol 2006; 78:235-42. [PMID: 17036930 DOI: 10.1353/hub.2006.0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
CYP2A6 is a polymorphic enzyme, and CYP2A6 genotype has been shown to be associated with smoking habits and lung cancer. We investigated CYP2A6 polymorphism in Japanese from four different geographic areas of Japan and in the Ovambo and Turk populations. Using two polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR-RFLPs), we identified the functionally important variants of CYP2A6: *1A, *1B, *1F, *1G, *4A, and *4D. In the Japanese population the highest frequencies of the CYP2A6*1A allele were observed in subjects from the Fukuoka (Kyushu Island) and Ehime (Shikoku Island) prefectures, whereas subjects in Shimane and Tottori (both located on the Japan Sea side of Honshu Island) showed the highest frequencies of the CYP2A6*1B allele. In the Tottori and Shimane groups no subject was homozygous for the CYP2A6*4A allele, a whole gene deletion type that is prevalent among Asians. In the Ovambo and Turk populations the CYP2A6*1A allele was predominant. Furthermore, two alleles undetected in the Japanese were observed in these latter two ethnic groups: CYP2A6*1G was found solely in the Ovambos, and CYP2A6*1F was found solely in the Turks. The present study is the first to show interprefecture differences in CYP2A6 polymorphism in Japanese who live in relatively close but distinct geographic areas; this is also the first study to evaluate CYP2A6 variations among these Japanese and the Ovambo and Turk populations. The distribution results of these alleles could help to define the true significance of CYP2A6 polymorphism as a genetic susceptibility marker in worldwide populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Takeshita
- Department of Legal Medicine, Shimane University School of Medicine, 89-1 Enya, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
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Takénaka A, Hossain MT, Magat Juan E, Suzuki K, Yamamoto T, Imamura S, Sekiguchi T. Crystal structures of uricase complexed with its real substrate and product. Acta Crystallogr A 2005. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767305079535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Abstract
Cytochemical subpopulations of geniculate ganglion (GG) cells were identified in guinea-pigs using immunohistochemistry and selective gentamicin accumulation. Two subpopulations of GG cells were evident based upon their location and immunoreactivity for peptide 19 (PEP 19), for plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase (PMCA-ATPase), and for neurofilament proteins. Cells within the posterior part of GG were positive for PEP 19 and PMCA-ATPase, but not for 68 kD or 160 kD neurofilament proteins. Cells within the anterior part showed complementary staining properties. Cells within these populations showed differences in accumulation of gentamicin, depending upon the administration route. Cells within the posterior part showed avid accumulation of gentamicin when animals received the drug systemically. When the drug was administered directly into the middle ear, cells within the anterior part showed avid gentamicin accumulation. Immunostaining for gentamicin in both cell populations was much more extreme and remained so for longer post-administration times when compared with spiral ganglion and vestibular ganglion cells. The results suggest that cells in the anterior part of GG have little exposure to gentamicin in the serum and that perhaps they innervate the middle ear mucosa or they absorb the drug through their axons within the middle ear. In contrast, cells in the posterior part of GG have greater access to systemically administered gentamicin either directly or via their axon terminals.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Imamura
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yamanashi University, 1110 Shimokato, Tamaho, Yamanashi, Japan 409-3898.
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Fujiwara K, Nagasaka A, Nagata M, Yamamoto K, Imamura S, Oda N, Sawai Y, Hayakawa N, Suzuki A, Itoh M. A stable prostacyclin analogue reduces high serum TNF-alpha levels in diabetic patients. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2005; 112:390-4. [PMID: 15239025 DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-821024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To confirm whether a prostacyclin (prostaglandin I (2)) affects the increased TNF-alpha concentration in sera of diabetic patients, we measured serum TNF-alpha concentration and treated these patients with oral administration of the stable prostacyclin analogue (Beraprost). Twelve of 20 type II diabetic patients were investigated for follow up-study and 6 of those patients were for therapy with Beraprost for diabetic neuropathy. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Serum TNF-alpha concentration was quantified by EASIA using monoclonal antibodies directed against distinct epitopes of TNF-alpha. RESULTS In diabetic patients, serum TNF-alpha concentration was significantly increased compared with that of healthy subjects. The augmented TNF-alpha concentration in these patients was not decreased by diabetic control using antihyperglycemic agents for 8 weeks but was reduced with oral administration of a stable prostacyclin (prostaglandin I (2)) analogue for 5 weeks without any changes of blood glucose levels. CONCLUSIONS Stable prostacyclin analogue administration for a short term period reduced increased TNF-alpha levels in diabetic patients, not through the improved hyperglycemic condition but another pathway, probably a cAMP system. These results imply that treatment with the prostacyclin analogue may contribute to the prevention of progression in diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Fujiwara
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
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40
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Juan ECM, Hossain T, Suzuki K, Tsunoda M, Imamura S, Yamamoto T, Sekiguchi T, Takénaka A. Crystal structure of a reaction intermediate of pyruvate oxidase from Aerococcus viridans. Acta Crystallogr A 2004. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767304097570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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41
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Kakizawa H, Itoh Y, Imamura S, Matsumoto T, Ishiwata Y, Ono Y, Yamamoto K, Kato T, Hayakawa N, Oda N, Goto Y, Goto Y, Nagasaka A, Senda T, Itoh M. Possible role of VEGF in the progression of kidney disease in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats: effects of an ACE inhibitor and an angiotensin II receptor antagonist. Horm Metab Res 2004; 36:458-64. [PMID: 15305228 DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-825725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Two endothelium-derived factors, endothelin (ET), a vasoconstrictor, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), an angiogenic factor are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular complications. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of an angiotensin II type I (AT-1) receptor antagonist and an ACE inhibitor on the pathogenesis of VEGF and ET-1-mediated kidney disease in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Two days after STZ administration, diabetic rats were treated for 8 weeks with enalapril maleate, an ACE inhibitor, candesartan cilexetil, an AT-1 receptor antagonist, or saline. Urinary albumin and N-acetyl beta-D glucosaminidase (NAG) excretion as well as the VEGF protein content in the kidney were all found to be elevated in diabetic rats. Administration of enalapril maleate or candesartan cilexetil decreased the level of microalbuminuria and NAG excretion in diabetic rats. Administration of enalapril maleate also suppressed the elevated renal VEGF protein content in these animals while candesartan cilexetil treatment had no effect. Serum ET-1 and VEGF levels were unchanged by these treatments. These data support a role for AT-1 receptor antagonists and ACE inhibitors in the prevention of diabetic nephropathy, and suggest that the former may work by reducing renal VEGF levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kakizawa
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University, School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
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da Silva Vaz Jnr I, Imamura S, Ohashi K, Onuma M. Cloning, expression and partial characterization of a Haemaphysalis longicornis and a Rhipicephalus appendiculatus glutathione S-transferase. Insect Mol Biol 2004; 13:329-335. [PMID: 15157234 DOI: 10.1111/j.0962-1075.2004.00493.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The ticks Haemaphysalis longicornis and Rhipicephalus appendiculatus are important parasites worldwide. The current method for control of cattle ticks involves the use of chemicals. Nevertheless, parasite resistance is an ever increasing global problem. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) play a central role in detoxication of xenobiotic and endogenous compounds. Several authors have noted that an increase in GST activity is associated with resistance to insecticides and acaricides. In the present study, we report the cloning and expression of GST cDNAs from H. longicornis and R. appendiculatus. In addition, we determine the effect of three acaricides (ethion, deltamethrin and diazinon) on the enzymatic activity of rGSTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- I da Silva Vaz Jnr
- Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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Itoh Y, Imamura S, Yamamoto K, Ono Y, Nagata M, Kobayashi T, Kato T, Tomita M, Nakai A, Itoh M, Nagasaka A. Changes of endothelin in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: effects of an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, enalapril maleate. J Endocrinol 2002; 175:233-9. [PMID: 12379508 DOI: 10.1677/joe.0.1750233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Endothelin-1 (ET-1) concentrations are increased in patients with diabetes mellitus, particularly those with diabetic retinopathy, or essential hypertension. We hypothesized that ET-1 might participate in the development and progression of diabetic microangiopathy. In this study, the effects of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, enalapril maleate, on diabetic angiopathy were examined in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic (STZ-DM) rats by monitoring variations in renal function and ET-1 concentrations in blood and organ tissues. Significant increases in kidney weight and in concentrations of urinary albumin, N-acetyl-fl-d-glucosamidase (NAG) and serum ET-1 were observed in the STZ-DM rats as compared with the non-diabetic rats, and the concentration of ET-1 in the kidneys tended to be increased. Microscopic and electron microscopic analyses showed increased mesangial cell proliferation, matrix expansion and enlarged mesangial area in the kidney of the diabetic rats. After administration of the ACE inhibitor, increased concentrations of urinary albumin and NAG in the STZ-DM rats were reduced to the control values with a slight improvement in the electron microscopic changes. These data suggest that ET-1 may be involved in the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy and may explain, in part, why diabetes is liable to complicate hypertension. ACE inhibitor may help to restore diabetic nephropathy in the STZ-induced diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Itoh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
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Uchimura K, Itoh M, Yamamoto K, Imamura S, Makino M, Kato T, Fujiwara K, Sawai Y. The effects of CD40- and interleukin (IL-4)-activated CD23+ cells on the production of IL-10 by mononuclear cells in Graves' disease: the role of CD8+ cells. Clin Exp Immunol 2002; 128:308-12. [PMID: 11985521 PMCID: PMC1906382 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2002.01818.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The possible roles of CD8+ cells in the abnormal T cell-dependent B-cell activation in Graves' disease were investigated by analysing lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and their production of soluble factors and cytokines such as IL-10 in patients with Graves' disease, Hashimoto's thyroiditis and normal controls. The PBMC were separated into CD8+ and CD8-depleted cells by magnetic separation columns, and cultured for 7 days with or without anti-CD40 monoclonal antibodies and IL-4. The culture supernatant was assayed for sCD23 and IL-10 using EIA, and the remaining cells were analysed by flow cytometry. Stimulation with anti-CD40 antibody together with IL-4 increased sCD23 levels and the number of CD23+ cells. The latter was further augmented by depletion of CD8+ cells. This combination of B cell stimulants increased production of IL-10 by PBMC from patients with Graves' disease. The CD40- and IL-4-activated production of IL-10 was decreased by CD8+ cell depletion. In contrast, constitutive production of IL-10 was increased after CD8+ cell depletion in a group of patients with low basal secretion levels (<35 ng/ml). It was, however, decreased in a group with higher basal production levels, but such a relationship was not found in the normal control group. Thus, T cell-dependent B-cell activation via a CD40 pathway activates CD23+ cells, leading to over-production of IL-10 and a shift of the Th1/Th2 balance to Th2 dominance, while CD8+ cells may suppress this activation to counteract the Th2 deviation in Graves' disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Uchimura
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University, School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
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Ariga H, Ohto H, Busch MP, Imamura S, Watson R, Reed W, Lee TH. Kinetics of fetal cellular and cell-free DNA in the maternal circulation during and after pregnancy: implications for noninvasive prenatal diagnosis. Transfusion 2001; 41:1524-30. [PMID: 11778067 DOI: 10.1046/j.1537-2995.2001.41121524.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fetal genetic material is detectable in the maternal circulation and has been used for noninvasive prenatal diagnosis. However, few data are available concerning its quantity and natural history during gestation. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS This study prospectively characterized the kinetics of cellular and cell-free fetal DNA in the circulation of 25 healthy women during and after uncomplicated pregnancy. Real-time kinetic PCR was used to quantitate human Y-chromosome sequences, and liquid oligomer hybridization with (32)P-labeled probes was used to verify the identity of amplified products. RESULTS In all male pregnancies, but no female pregnancies, low-level fetal Y-chromosome DNA was detected in both cellular and cell-free compartments beginning at 7 to 16 weeks but increasing steadily after 24 weeks and reaching a peak at parturition. The fetal DNA decreased rapidly after birth. CONCLUSION Fetal genetic material can be detected throughout pregnancy, and its quantity is a function of gestational age and of whether the plasma or cellular compartment is examined. Both the absolute quantity of fetal DNA and its ratio to total DNA (maternal + fetal) are greater in the plasma than in the cellular compartment. Fetal DNA is cleared rapidly from both compartments after parturition, which suggests that turnover is dynamic. Because they provide prospective and quantitative data concerning fetal DNA levels, these observations and kinetic PCR methods may have implications for noninvasive prenatal diagnosis. Further studies will be needed to determine the immunologic implications of fetal-maternal DNA exchange and cellular microchimerism.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ariga
- Blood Centers of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
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Makino M, Oda N, Miura N, Imamura S, Yamamoto K, Kato T, Fujiwara K, Sawai Y, Iwase K, Nagasaka A, Itoh M. Effect of eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester on hypothyroid function. J Endocrinol 2001; 171:259-65. [PMID: 11691645 DOI: 10.1677/joe.0.1710259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid hormones affect reactions in almost all pathways of lipid metabolism. It has been reported that plasma free fatty acid (FFA) concentration in hypothyroidism is generally within the normal range. In this study, however, we show that plasma FFA concentration in some hypothyroid patients is higher than the normal range. Symptoms of thyroid dysfunction in these individuals were less severe than those of patients with lower plasma FFA concentrations. From these findings we hypothesized that the change in FFA concentration must correlate with thyroid function. Using an animal model, we then examined the effect of highly purified eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester (EPA-E), a n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid derived from fish oil, on thyroid function in 1-methyl-2-imidazolethiol (MMI)-induced hypothyroid rats. Oral administration of EPA-E inhibited reduction of thyroid hormone levels and the change of thyroid follicles in MMI-induced hypothyroid rats. These findings suggest that FFA may affect thyroid functions and EPA-E may prevent MMI-induced hypothyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Makino
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
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Akaike K, Tanaka S, Tojo H, Fukumoto S, Imamura S, Takigawa M. Regional accumulation of 14C-zonisamide in rat brain during kainic acid-induced limbic seizures. Can J Neurol Sci 2001; 28:341-5. [PMID: 11766778 DOI: 10.1017/s0317167100001554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zonisamide (ZNS) is an antiepileptic drug developed in Japan. Various experimental studies have investigated the effects of ZNS. However, the mechanism of action of ZNS against limbic seizures and secondary generalization is not well-known. We studied ictal regional accumulation of ZNS in the rat brain during kainic acid (KA)-induced limbic status epilepticus. METHODS Fourteen male Wistar rats underwent a stereotactic operation. For recording the electroencephalogram (EEG), electrodes were placed in the left amygdala (LA), left dorsal hippocampus, and over the left sensorimotor cortex. For microinjection, a stainless steel cannula was also inserted into the LA. Seven days after surgery, rats were anesthetized and a catheter was inserted into the femoral vein. The animals were immobilized and allowed to recover from anesthesia for at least two hours. In eight rats, 1.0 microL (1.0 microg) of KA was injected into the LA, and 1.0 microL of phosphate buffer solution was injected into the LA in six control rats. Sixty minutes after injection, 14C-ZNS was administered intravenously, and an autoradiographic study was done. RESULTS During limbic status epilepticus, only seizures in the sensorimotor cortex were markedly attenuated a few minutes after 14C-ZNS administration. Additionally, high uptake of 14C-ZNS was noted ipsilaterally in the sensorimotor cortex, parietal cortex and thalamus (lateral portion). In control rats, no EEG change was seen, and distribution of 14C-ZNS was rather homogeneous. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that ZNS suppresses secondary generalization of limbic seizures by a direct effect on the cerebral cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Akaike
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Kagoshima, Faculty of Medicine, Japan
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Yokoyama S, Hirano H, Moroki K, Goto M, Imamura S, Kuratsu JI. Are nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas extending into the cavernous sinus aggressive and/or invasive? Neurosurgery 2001; 49:857-62; discussion 862-3. [PMID: 11564246 DOI: 10.1097/00006123-200110000-00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2000] [Accepted: 06/06/2001] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We studied nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas extending to the cavernous sinus to gain insight into the discrepancy between their histologically benign nature and frequent extension into the cavernous sinus. METHODS We studied 10 patients with nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas that completely encircled the cavernous carotid artery (extension group). All 10 patients underwent surgery to remove intrasellar and/or suprasellar parts of the adenomas. Ten patients with nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas without cavernous sinus extension comprised the control group. Tumor size follow-up data were obtained by magnetic resonance imaging. Immunostaining was performed for Ki-67, cathepsin B, and matrix metalloprotainase-9. To assess the wall thickness, 10 cavernous sinuses were removed from the cranial base of adult cadavers, and the walls were examined histologically. RESULTS Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated no remarkable growth in most of the patients during the follow-up period (mean, 65.8 mo). There was no statistical difference in Ki-67, cathepsin B, and matrix metalloprotainase-9 immunostaining between the extension group and the control group. The cadaver study demonstrated that the medial wall was significantly thinner than the superior and the lateral walls (P < 0.0005). We found small defects in the capsule histologically in 3 of 30 sections. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that most of nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas extending into the cavernous sinus are neither aggressive nor invasive. The high incidence of cavernous sinus extension of benign adenomas may be caused by the weakness of the medial wall of the cavernous sinus.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yokoyama
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan.
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Itoh Y, Yasui T, Kakizawa H, Makino M, Fujiwara K, Kato T, Imamura S, Yamamoto K, Hishida H, Nakai A, Itoh M, Nagasaka A. The therapeutic effect of lipo PGE1 on diabetic neuropathy-changes in endothelin and various angiopathic factors. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2001; 66:221-34. [PMID: 11577785 DOI: 10.1016/s0090-6980(01)00165-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A high blood concentration of endothelin (ET)-1 may participate in the onset and progress of diabetic microangiopathy, resulting in neuropathy. We examined the therapeutic effects of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1), which possesses both a peripheral vasodilating action and inhibition of platelet aggregation, on diabetic microangiopathy. Increases in both skin temperature and peripheral never conduction velocity in diabetic patients were recorded four weeks after Lipo PGE1 administration. A quantitative decrease in urinary albumin concentration was also observed, suggesting its efficacy of action was on diabetic nephropathy. Lipo PGE1 administration reduced the elevated circulating plasma ET-1 levels in the diabetic patients. As an increase in ET-1 concentrations is thought to correlate with the onset and progress of diabetic microangiopathy, the reduction of plasma ET-1 concentration by Lipo PGE1 administration may be one reason for the improvement in diabetic neuropathy and nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Itoh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan.
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Yamauchi T, Kawai Y, Goto N, Kishi S, Imamura S, Yoshida A, Urasaki Y, Fukushima T, Iwasaki H, Tsutani H, Masada M, Ueda T. Close correlation of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine 5'-triphosphate, an intracellular active metabolite, to the therapeutic efficacy of N(4)-behenoyl-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine therapy for acute myelogenous leukemia. Jpn J Cancer Res 2001; 92:975-82. [PMID: 11572766 PMCID: PMC5926845 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2001.tb01188.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
N(4)-Behenoyl-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (BHAC), a prodrug of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine, is used effectively for the treatment of leukemia in Japan. BHAC therapy may be more effective if it is delivered in conjunction with monitoring of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine 5'-triphosphate (ara-CTP), the intracellular active metabolite of ara-C derived from BHAC. However, previous monitoring methods for ara-CTP were insufficiently sensitive. Here, using our new sensitive method, we evaluated the ara-CTP pharmacokinetics in relation to the therapeutic response in 11 acute myelogenous leukemia patients who received a 2-h infusion of BHAC (70 mg / m(2)) in combination remission induction therapy. ara-CTP could be monitored at levels under 1 mM. BHAC maintained effective levels of plasma ara-C and intracellular ara-CTP for a longer time, even compared with historical values of high-dose ara-C. The area under the concentration-time curve of ara-CTP was significantly greater in the patients with complete remission than in the patients without response. This greater amount of ara-CTP was attributed to the higher ara-CTP concentrations achieved in the responding patients. There was no apparent difference of plasma ara-C pharmacokinetics between the two groups. Thus, for the first time, the ara-CTP pharmacokinetics was evaluated in relation to the therapeutic effect of BHAC, and the importance of ara-CTP was proven. Administration of optimal BHAC therapy may require monitoring of the ara-CTP pharmacokinetics in each individual patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yamauchi
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Fukui Medical University, 20 Shimoaizuki, Matsuoka, Fukui 910-1193, Japan.
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