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Niu S, Tang J, Hu K, Xu X, Dong J, Chu J, Guo X, Wang H, Cao Y, Zhao Q, Fornah L, Lu Z, Ma W. The combined effect of air pollution and non-optimal temperature on mortality in Shandong Province, China: establishment of air health index. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2024; 97:189-197. [PMID: 38156995 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-023-02036-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The air health index (AHI) captures the combined effects of air pollution and non-optimal temperatures and helps assess the atmospheric environment's overall health risk. Shandong Province is a crucial industrial base in China, and the health effects of air pollution and non-optimal temperature cannot be ignored. To construct an AHI for Shandong Province and assess the district-level mortality burden due to AHI in the study area. METHODS Daily district-specific mortality, meteorological, and air pollution data over 2013-2018 were collected in Shandong Province, China. The AHI construction eventually incorporated PM2.5 and NO2, O3, and non-optimal temperatures. Attributable fraction (AF) and attributable number (AN) were used to estimate the district-specific mortality burden attributable to AHI. RESULTS The average AHI value observed in Shandong Province was 6. Our research revealed a positive association between the total AHI and total mortality, with an overall trend of a slow increase followed by a rapid increase. The exposure-response curves, when stratified by gender, age, and cause of death, were approximately consistent with the overall trend. The provincial attributable fraction (AF) was 5.31% (95% CI 4.58%, 5.91%), and the attributable number (AN) was 188,246 (95% CI 162,396, 209,533). Overall, higher ANs mainly appeared in the southwestern area, while higher values of AF were observed in the central-eastern and central-northern areas. CONCLUSIONS The air health index performs well in predicting death burden and can convey health risks related to exposure to the ambient environment to the public.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyue Niu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Shandong University Climate Change and Health Center, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Junli Tang
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.16992, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Kejia Hu
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Xu
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.16992, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Dong
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.16992, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Chu
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.16992, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolei Guo
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.16992, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Haitao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Shandong University Climate Change and Health Center, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanwen Cao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Shandong University Climate Change and Health Center, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Shandong University Climate Change and Health Center, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lovel Fornah
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zilong Lu
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.16992, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Ma
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
- Shandong University Climate Change and Health Center, Jinan, People's Republic of China.
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Rong ZH, Ni L, Zhang R, Niu S, Li FS, Liu CW. [Research progress on the role of non-coding RNA in the functional regulation of vascular smooth muscle cells]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2023; 51:535-541. [PMID: 37198127 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20230310-00131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Z H Rong
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - L Ni
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - R Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - S Niu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - F S Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - C W Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
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Li C, Liu Z, Li W, Lin Y, Hou L, Niu S, Xing Y, Huang J, Chen Y, Zhang S, Gao X, Xu Y, Wang C, Zhao Q, Liu Q, Ma W, Cai W, Gong P, Luo Y. Projecting future risk of dengue related to hydrometeorological conditions in mainland China under climate change scenarios: a modelling study. Lancet Planet Health 2023; 7:e397-e406. [PMID: 37164516 DOI: 10.1016/s2542-5196(23)00051-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have limited knowledge on the impact of hydrometeorological conditions on dengue incidence in China and its associated disease burden in a future with a changed climate. This study projects the excess risk of dengue caused by climate change-induced hydrometeorological conditions across mainland China. METHODS In this modelling study, the historical association between the Palmer drought severity index (PDSI) and dengue was estimated with a spatiotemporal Bayesian hierarchical model from 70 cities. The association combined with the dengue-transmission biological model was used to project the annual excess risk of dengue related to PDSI by 2100 across mainland China, under three representative concentration pathways ([RCP] 2·6, RCP 4·5, and RCP 8·5). FINDINGS 93 101 dengue cases were reported between 2013 and 2019 in mainland China. Dry and wet conditions within 3 months lag were associated with increased risk of dengue. Locations with potential dengue risk in China will expand in the future. The hydrometeorological changes are projected to substantially affect the risk of dengue in regions with mid-to-low latitudes, especially the coastal areas under high emission scenarios. By 2100, the annual average increased excess risk is expected to range from 12·56% (95% empirical CI 9·54-22·24) in northwest China to 173·62% (153·15-254·82) in south China under the highest emission scenario. INTERPRETATION Hydrometeorological conditions are predicted to increase the risk of dengue in the future in the south, east, and central areas of mainland China in disproportionate patterns. Our findings have implications for the preparation of public health interventions to minimise the health hazards of non-optimal hydrometeorological conditions in a context of climate change. FUNDING National Natural Science Foundation of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanxi Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Shandong University, Jinan, China; School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, and Shandong University Climate Change and Health Centre, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhao Liu
- School of Linkong Economics and Management, Beijing Institute of Economics and Management, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Shandong University, Jinan, China; School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, and Shandong University Climate Change and Health Centre, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuxi Lin
- Department of Epidemiology, Shandong University, Jinan, China; School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, and Shandong University Climate Change and Health Centre, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Liangyu Hou
- Department of Epidemiology, Shandong University, Jinan, China; School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, and Shandong University Climate Change and Health Centre, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuyue Niu
- Department of Epidemiology, Shandong University, Jinan, China; School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, and Shandong University Climate Change and Health Centre, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yue Xing
- Department of Epidemiology, Shandong University, Jinan, China; School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, and Shandong University Climate Change and Health Centre, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jianbin Huang
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Beijing Yanshan Earth Critical Zone National Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yidan Chen
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Shangchen Zhang
- Department of Earth System Science, Institute for Global Change Studies, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modelling, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuejie Gao
- College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Climate Change Research Centre, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Xu
- National Climate Centre, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Can Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shandong University, Jinan, China; School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, and Shandong University Climate Change and Health Centre, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Department of Epidemiology, IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Qiyong Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Department of Vector Control, Shandong University, Jinan, China; School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, and Shandong University Climate Change and Health Centre, Shandong University, Jinan, China; State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
| | - Wei Ma
- Department of Epidemiology, Shandong University, Jinan, China; School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, and Shandong University Climate Change and Health Centre, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Wenjia Cai
- Ministry of Education Ecological Field Station for East Asian Migratory Birds, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Gong
- Institute for Climate and Carbon Neutrality, Department of Earth Sciences and Geography, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yong Luo
- Department of Earth System Science, Institute for Global Change Studies, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modelling, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Zhou J, Qiao ML, Jahejo AR, Han XY, Wang P, Wang Y, Ren JL, Niu S, Zhao YJ, Zhang D, Bi YH, Wang QH, Si LL, Fan RW, Shang GJ, Tian WX. Effect of Avian Influenza Virus subtype H9N2 on the expression of complement-associated genes in chicken erythrocytes. Br Poult Sci 2023:1-9. [PMID: 36939295 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2023.2191308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
The H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus can infect both chickens and humans. Previous studies have reported a role for erythrocytes in immunity. However, the role of H9N2 against chicken erythrocytes and the presence of complement-related genes in erythrocytes has not been studied. This research investigated the effect of H9N2 on complement-associated gene expression in chicken erythrocytes. The expression of complement-associated genes (C1s, C1q, C2, C3, C3ar1, C4, C4a, C5, C5ar1, C7, CD93 and CFD) was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to analyse the differential expression of complement-associated genes in chicken erythrocytes at 0 h, 2 h, 6 h and 10 h after the interaction between H9N2 virus and chicken erythrocytes in vitro and 3, 7 and 14 d after H9N2 virus nasal infection of chicks. Expression levels of C1q, C4, C1s, C2, C3, C5, C7 and CD93 were significantly up-regulated at 2 h and significantly down-regulated at 10 h. Gene expression levels of C1q, C3ar1, C4a, CFD and C5ar1 were seen to be different at each time point. The expression levels of C1q, C4, C1s, C2, C3, C5, C7, CFD, C3ar1, C4a and C5ar1 were significantly up-regulated at 7 d and the gene expression of levels of C3, CD93 and C5ar1 were seen to be different at each time point. The results confirmed that all the complement-associated genes were expressed in chicken erythrocytes and showed the H9N2 virus interaction with chicken erythrocytes and subsequent regulation of chicken erythrocyte complement-associated genes expression. This study reported, for the first time, the relationship between H9N2 and complement system of chicken erythrocytes, which will provide a foundation for further research into the prevention and control of H9N2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China.,Shanxi Key Laboratory of protein structure determination, Shanxi Academy of Advanced Research and Innovation, Taiyuan, China
| | - M L Qiao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China.,Shanxi Key Laboratory of protein structure determination, Shanxi Academy of Advanced Research and Innovation, Taiyuan, China
| | - A R Jahejo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China.,Shanxi Key Laboratory of protein structure determination, Shanxi Academy of Advanced Research and Innovation, Taiyuan, China
| | - X Y Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China.,Shanxi Key Laboratory of protein structure determination, Shanxi Academy of Advanced Research and Innovation, Taiyuan, China
| | - P Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China.,Shanxi Key Laboratory of protein structure determination, Shanxi Academy of Advanced Research and Innovation, Taiyuan, China
| | - Y Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China.,Shanxi Key Laboratory of protein structure determination, Shanxi Academy of Advanced Research and Innovation, Taiyuan, China
| | - J L Ren
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China.,Shanxi Key Laboratory of protein structure determination, Shanxi Academy of Advanced Research and Innovation, Taiyuan, China
| | - S Niu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China.,Shanxi Key Laboratory of protein structure determination, Shanxi Academy of Advanced Research and Innovation, Taiyuan, China
| | - Y J Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China.,Shanxi Key Laboratory of protein structure determination, Shanxi Academy of Advanced Research and Innovation, Taiyuan, China
| | - D Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China.,Shanxi Key Laboratory of protein structure determination, Shanxi Academy of Advanced Research and Innovation, Taiyuan, China
| | - Y H Bi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, Institute of Microbiology, Center for Influenza Research and Early-warning (CASCIRE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Q H Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - L L Si
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - R W Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China.,Shanxi Key Laboratory of protein structure determination, Shanxi Academy of Advanced Research and Innovation, Taiyuan, China
| | - G J Shang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of protein structure determination, Shanxi Academy of Advanced Research and Innovation, Taiyuan, China
| | - W X Tian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China.,Shanxi Key Laboratory of protein structure determination, Shanxi Academy of Advanced Research and Innovation, Taiyuan, China
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review summarizes recently published research on sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Asia, covering four main areas: prevalence and consequences of STIs/STDs, factors associated with STI risk, strategies and measures of STI prevention, challenges in the prevention of SITs. RECENT FINDINGS Studies show that STIs among Asian MSM are still prevalent, with the prevalence of STIs varying slightly from country to country. In addition to the number of sexual partners, frequency of condom use, high-risk sexual behaviors, the influence of Confucianism, law, and COVID-19 are also related to STI risk. Social stigma, weak health systems, lack of funding and policy support are the current challenges for STIs prevention. SUMMARY In the future, new media technologies are encouraged to be used to enhance education and reduce stigma and discrimination against MSM and STIs. Expanding STI screening, strengthening STI knowledge propaganda and education among MSM population, and providing necessary counseling and medical services are main strategies in STI prevention. It is also important to strengthen STI awareness and policy support at the national level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ma
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
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Hou S, Wang X, Yu Y, Ji H, Dong X, Li J, Li H, He H, Li Z, Yang Z, Chen W, Yao G, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Bi M, Niu S, Zhao G, Zhu R, Liu G, Jia Y, Gao Y. Invasive fungal infection is associated with antibiotic exposure in preterm infants: a multi-centre prospective case-control study. J Hosp Infect 2023; 134:43-49. [PMID: 36646139 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous antibiotic exposure is an important risk factor for invasive fungal infection (IFI). Antibiotic overexposure is common in lower-income countries; however, multi-centre studies concerning IFI in relation to antibiotic exposure are scarce. AIM This prospective, multi-centre matched case-control study explored the correlation of IFI and antibiotic exposure in very preterm infants or very-low-birthweight infants admitted to 23 tertiary hospitals in China between 2018 and 2021. METHODS Using a 1:2 matched design for gestational age, birth weight and early-onset sepsis (yes/no), the risk factors between infants diagnosed with IFI and infection-free controls were compared. The antibiotic use rate (AUR) was calculated using calendar days of antibiotic therapy in the 4 weeks preceding IFI onset divided by onset day of IFI. FINDINGS In total, 6368 infants were included in the study, of which 90 (1.4%) were diagnosed with IFI. Median AUR, length of antibiotic therapy (LOT) and days of antibiotic therapy (DOT) within the 4 weeks preceding IFI onset were 0.90, 18 days and 30 days, respectively. Multi-variate analysis showed that a 10% increase in AUR, each additional day of DOT and LOT, and each additional day of third-generation cephalosporins and carbapenems were notably associated with IFI. CONCLUSION Prolonged antibiotic therapy is common before the onset of IFI, and is an important risk factor, especially the use of third-generation cephalosporins and carbapenems. Antibiotic stewardship should be urgently developed and promoted for preterm infants in order to reduce IFI in lower-income countries such as China.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hou
- Department of Paediatrics, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - X Wang
- Department of Paediatrics, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Y Yu
- Department of Neonatology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China; Department of Neonatology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - H Ji
- Department of Neonatology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China; Department of Neonatology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - X Dong
- Department of Neonatology, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - J Li
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - H Li
- Department of Neonatology, Hebei PetroChina Central Hospital, Langfang, China
| | - H He
- Department of Neonatology, Baogang Third Hospital of Hongci Group, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Z Li
- Department of Neonatology, W.F. Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Z Yang
- Department of Neonatology, Taian Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - W Chen
- Department of Neonatology, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, China
| | - G Yao
- Department of Neonatology, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - M Bi
- Department of Neonatology, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - S Niu
- Department of Neonatology, Zibo Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - G Zhao
- Department of Neonatology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - R Zhu
- Department of Neonatology, Zibo Municipal Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - G Liu
- Department of Neonatology, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, China
| | - Y Jia
- Department of Neonatology, Shanxi Province Shangluo Central Hospital, Shanluo, China
| | - Y Gao
- Department of Neonatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Dezhou Hospital, Shanluo, China
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Niu S, Ma BT, Zhang R, Rong ZH, Ni L, Di X, Liu CW. [Treatment strategies and research progress of acute ilio-femoral deep vein thrombosis]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2021; 59:799-803. [PMID: 34404180 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112139-20210424-00183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In the past,treatment of acute ilio-femoral deep vein thrombosis (IFDVT) was mainly based on anticoagulation alone,but 30%-50% of patients will develop post-thrombotic syndrome,causing a serious medical burden.Thrombus removal technology such as catheter-directed thrombolysis and percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy can effectively remove blood clots and compensate for the deficiencies of simple anticoagulation,which is expected to improve the prognosis of such disease,but the current evidence is insufficient,and other treatments such as filter implantation and compression therapy are also controversial.This article summarizes the treatment strategies and the latest progress of acute IFDVT,hoping to help the treatment of this type of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Niu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - B T Ma
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - R Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Z H Rong
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - L Ni
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - X Di
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - C W Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
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Olivero A, Liu K, Checcucci E, Lei L, Ma L, Wang G, Mantica G, Tappero S, Amparore D, Sica M, Fiori C, Huang Q, Niu S, Wang B, Ma X, Hou X, Porpiglia F, Terrone C, Zhang X. Adrenocortical Carcinoma with venous tumor invasion. Is there a role for mini-invasive surgery? Eur Urol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(21)01069-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Niu S, Li X, Jahejo AR, Zhang N, Yang SX, Jia YF, Zhang YY, Tian ZX, Li Z, Ning GB, Zhang D, Tian WX. Glutathione-S-transferase A3 protein suppresses thiram-induced tibial dyschondroplasia by regulating prostaglandin-related genes expression. Res Vet Sci 2020; 135:343-348. [PMID: 33129574 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) is an intractable avian cartilage disease in which proximal growth plates of tibia lack blood vessels and contain nonviable cells, and it leads to the inflammatory response. Prostaglandins (PGs) genes have not been studied yet in TD chicken, and they might play role in skeletal metabolism, therefore we planned to explore the role of recombinant glutathione-S-transferase A3 (rGSTA3) protein and PG-related genes. In this study, qRT-PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis were used to identify the expression patterns of eight PG-related genes in the tibial growth plate of broiler chicken. The results showed that the expression of PG-related genes glutathione-S-transferase A3 (GSTA3), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), prostaglandin D2 synthase (PTGDS), prostaglandin E synthase (PTGES), prostaglandin E2 receptor (PTGER) 3, PTGER4, prostaglandin reductase 1 (PTGR1) and hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthases (HPGDS) expression were identified and could significantly respond to thiram-induced TD chicken. Interestingly, the expression of rate-limiting enzyme COX-2 and PGE2 were induced after the treatment of rGSTA3 protein. These findings demonstrated that the occurrence of TD is closely related to the inhibition of PGs. Moreover, rGSTA3 protein participated in the recovery of TD by strengthening the expression of PG-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Niu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - X Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - A R Jahejo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - N Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - S X Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Y F Jia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Y Y Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Z X Tian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Z Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - G B Ning
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - D Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - W X Tian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China.
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10
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Niu S, Zhao ZG, Lyu XM, Zhao M, Wang XZ, Liu WN, Zhao W, Zhang XH, Wang Y. [The expression and significance of IGF1R-Ras/RAGE-HMGB1 pathway in colorectal cancer patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2020; 42:391-395. [PMID: 32482028 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-112152-20190906-00580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the expression of IGF1R-Ras and RAGE-HMGB1 signaling pathways in colorectal cancer patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and their significance. Methods: The resected cancer tissues were obtained from 59 patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), including 29 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (CRC/DM group) and 30 with CRC alone (CRC group). The expressions of IGF1R, Ras, RAGE and HMGB1 in cancer tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry. The differences between the two groups were compared and the relationship between the expression and clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed. Results: In CRC/DM group, the positive rates of IGF1R and Ras were both 65.5% (19/29), and 51.7% (15/29) patients had IGF1R+ Ras+ immunophenotype, which were significantly higher than those in CRC group [33.3% (10/30), 36.7% (11/30) and 20.0% (6/30); P=0.013, 0.027 and 0.011, respectively]. The expression of IGF1R and Ras in CRC / DM group was positively correlated (r=0.479, P=0.017). The positive rate of RAGE expression in CRC group and CRC/DM group was 70.0% (21/30) and 72.4% (21/29) respectively, and the positive rate of HMGB1 expression was 46.7% (14/30) and 58.6% (17/29) respectively, neither was observed with significant difference (P=0.358 and 0.838). However, the proportion of patients with RAGE+ HMGB1+ immunophenotype in CRC/DM group [55.2% (16/29)] was higher than that in CRC Group [26.7% (8/30)] which was statistically significant (P=0.026), and the expression of both proteins was positively correlated in CRC/DM group (r=0.578, P=0.003). The clinicopathological analysis showed that in both groups the expression of IGF1R, Ras, RAGE and HMGB1 had no correlation with the sex, age, differentiation degree, tumor length, T stage and lymph node metastasis (P>0.05). Conclusion: Both IGF1R-Ras and RAGE-HMGB1 pathways may be involved in the oncogenesis of colorectal cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Niu
- Second Department of Endocrinology, Shijiazhuang First Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Z G Zhao
- Second Department of Endocrinology, Shijiazhuang First Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - X M Lyu
- Department of Pathology, Shijiazhuang First Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - M Zhao
- Metabolic Disease and Cancer Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - X Z Wang
- Metabolic Disease and Cancer Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - W N Liu
- Department of Pathology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - W Zhao
- Department of Pathology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - X H Zhang
- Department of Pathology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Pathology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
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11
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Peng F, Bao Y, Chen L, Zhang Y, Niu S, Huang S, Chen Y, Chen M. Increased Radiation Pneumonitis after Crizotinib and Concurrent Thoracic Radiotherapy in Patients with ALK-positive Non-small-cell Lung Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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12
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Niu S, Li Y, Wang H, Zhang Y. Simultaneous Integrated Boost IMRT with Three Dose Gradients in Patients with Stage I-II Nasal Cavity and Waldeyer's Ring Natural Killer/T-Cell Lymphoma: A Prospective Phase II Clinical Trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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13
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Niu S, Wang CX, Jia FJ, Jahejo AR, Li X, Ning GB, Zhang D, Ma HL, Hao WF, Gao WW, Zhao YJ, Gao SM, Li JH, Li GL, Yan F, Gao RK, Huo NR, Tian WX, Chen HC. The expression of prostaglandins-related genes in erythrocytes of broiler chicken responds to thiram-induced tibial dyschondroplasia and recombinant glutathione-S-transferase A3 protein. Res Vet Sci 2019; 124:112-117. [PMID: 30878632 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) is a type of bone deformity found in fast-growing chickens, which induce inflammatory responses. Prostaglandins (PGs) implicate in bone formation and bone resorption, associated with inflammation in an autocrine/paracrine manner. This study used qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry analysis to identify the expression patterns of PG-related genes in the erythrocytes of broiler chickens and explore the effects of thiram-induced TD and the recombinant glutathione-S-transferase A3 (rGSTA3) protein on the expression of PG-related genes: GSTA3, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), prostaglandin D2 synthase (PTGDS), prostaglandin E synthase (PTGES), prostaglandin E2 receptor (PTGER) 3, PTGER4 and prostaglandin reductase 1 (PTGR1). Interestingly, the results showed that these seven PG-related genes expression was identified in the erythrocytes of broiler chicken, and thiram-induced TD suppressed the expression of these PG-related genes in the initial stage of TD and promoted their expression in TD recovery. These findings demonstrated that the immunoregulatory function of erythrocytes can be inhibited in the early stage of TD and promoted in the recovery stage by modulating the expression of PG-related genes. Further, the rGSTA3 protein can modulate the expression of PG-related genes in erythrocytes and participate in the recovery of TD.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Niu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - C X Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - F J Jia
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - A R Jahejo
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - X Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - G B Ning
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - D Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - H L Ma
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - W F Hao
- Taiyuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - W W Gao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Y J Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - S M Gao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - J H Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - G L Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - F Yan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - R K Gao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - N R Huo
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - W X Tian
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China.
| | - H C Chen
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China; State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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14
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Wang C, Niu S, Jahejo A, Jia F, Li Z, Zhang N, Ning G, Zhang D, Li H, Ma H, Hao W, Gao W, Gao S, Li J, Li G, Yan F, Gao R, Zhao Y, Chen H, Tian W. Identification of apoptosis-related genes in erythrocytes of broiler chickens and their response to thiram-induced tibial dyschondroplasia and recombinant glutathione-S-transferase A3 protein. Res Vet Sci 2018; 120:11-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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15
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Niu S. 1649a Ilo activities for the prevention of the risk related to occupational exposure to emf in workers. Radiation 2018. [DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2018-icohabstracts.1202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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16
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Niu S. 1651f Ilo activities for the prevention of the risk related to occupational exposure to solar uv. Radiation 2018. [DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2018-icohabstracts.1216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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17
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Crowther TW, Machmuller MB, Carey JC, Allison SD, Blair JM, Bridgham SD, Burton AJ, Dijkstra FA, Elberling B, Estiarte M, Larsen KS, Laudon H, Lupascu M, Marhan S, Mohan J, Niu S, J Peñuelas J, Schmidt IK, Templer PH, Kröel-Dulay G, Frey S, Bradford MA. Crowther et al. reply. Nature 2018; 554:E7-E8. [PMID: 29469091 DOI: 10.1038/nature25746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T W Crowther
- Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Universitätstrasse 16, 8006 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - M B Machmuller
- Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, 1 499 Campus Delivery, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1499, USA
| | - J C Carey
- Division of Math and Science, Babson College, Massachusetts 02457, USA
| | - S D Allison
- Department of Earth System Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA.,Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - J M Blair
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - S D Bridgham
- Institute of Ecology & Evolution, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, USA
| | - A J Burton
- School of Forest Resources & Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, USA
| | - F A Dijkstra
- Centre for Carbon, Water & Food, The University of Sydney, Camden, 2570 New South Wales, Australia
| | - B Elberling
- Center for Permafrost (CENPERM), Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 10, 1350 Copenhagen K., Denmark
| | - M Estiarte
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Catalonia, Spain.,CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Catalonia, Spain
| | - K S Larsen
- Department of Geosciences & Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 23, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - H Laudon
- Department of Forest Ecology & Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183 Umeå, Sweden
| | - M Lupascu
- Department of Geography, National University of Singapore, 1 Arts Link, 117570, Singapore
| | - S Marhan
- Institute of Soil Science & Land Evaluation, University of Hohenheim, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - J Mohan
- Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30601, USA
| | - S Niu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation & Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - J J Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Catalonia, Spain.,CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Catalonia, Spain
| | - I K Schmidt
- Department of Geosciences & Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 23, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - P H Templer
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - G Kröel-Dulay
- Institute of Ecology & Botany, MTA Centre for Ecological Research, 2-4. Alkotmany U., Vacratot, 2163-Hungary
| | - S Frey
- Department of Natural Resources & the Environment, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - M A Bradford
- School of Forestry & Environmental Studies, Yale University, 195 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
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Chen Y, Jia HR, Niu S, Zhang X, Wang HL, Ye YZ, Chen QS, Yuan ZL. Effects of Topographical Heterogeneity and Dispersal Limitation on Species Turnover in a Temperate Mountane Ecosystem: a Case Study in the Henan Province, China. RUSS J ECOL+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1067413618010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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19
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Shi X, Zhao S, Ding C, Jiang W, Kynard B, Liu L, Niu S, Liu D. Comparison of vertical and horizontal swimming behaviour of the weather loach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus. J Fish Biol 2017; 91:368-374. [PMID: 28508492 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Experiments on the swimming kinetics and behaviour of weather loach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus showed that horizontal swim speed was significantly greater than swim speeds when ascending to or descending from the water surface to gulp air. Vertical swimming speeds during ascending or descending were similar. Misgurnus anguillicaudatus swam unsteadily during vertical movements compared with horizontal movements.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Shi
- Engineering Research Center of Eco-environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - S Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of Eco-environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - C Ding
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - W Jiang
- Institute of Chinese Sturgeon Research, China Three Gorges Project Corporation, Yichang, 443100, China
| | - B Kynard
- BK-Riverfish, LLC, Amherst, MA, 01002, U.S.A
- Environmental Conservation Department, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA, U.S.A
| | - L Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Eco-environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - S Niu
- Engineering Research Center of Eco-environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - D Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Eco-environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
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Abstract
We developed a reliable and quantitative method for measuring the dynamic process of unidirectional two-dimensional (2-D) tissue formation of endothelial cells (ECs) in vitro. The culturing of bovine ECs in an assembled culture chamber provided a square monolayered cell sheet with a linear margin when disassembled at the confluency. The cell sheet maintained in culture showed a unidirectional endothelialization in vitro. The cell population-distance histogram, which was determined from the daily observation of tissue, allowed us to determine quantitatively the dynamic process of unidirectional endothelialization in vitro. The endothelialized distance and the endothelializing zone on a glass slide were found to be nearly 500 μm/day and 750 μm in width, respectively. Thus, the method developed here provided information of the 2-D tissue formation process. This model would be useful as an in vitro model which simulates the anastomotic endothelialization of an artificial vascular graft.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Niu
- Department of Bioengineering, National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
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Wu W, Fan Q, Lu S, Niu S, Wang X. Effect of Humic Acid on the Sorption and Kinetic Desorption of Radiocaesium Ions on/from Na-Rectorite Studied by the Batch Technique and a Chelating Resin. ADSORPT SCI TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1260/026361706780810294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- W.S. Wu
- Radiochemistry Laboratory, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Q.H. Fan
- Radiochemistry Laboratory, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 1126, 230031, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - S. Lu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 1126, 230031, Hefei, P. R. China
- New Star Institute of Applied Technology, Huangshan Road, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - S. Niu
- Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - X. Wang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 1126, 230031, Hefei, P. R. China
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22
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Wen B, Niu S, Wang C, Zhang Y. Predictive Value of Primary Tumor Site for Locoregional Recurrence in Early Breast Cancer Patients With 1 to 3 Positive Axillary Lymphadenophy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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23
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Niu S, Zhang Y, Ma J, Wang J. WE-FG-207B-05: Iterative Reconstruction Via Prior Image Constrained Total Generalized Variation for Spectral CT. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4957950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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24
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An X, Guo L, Ren N, Wen C, Dong X, Niu S. A density functional theory analysis of the molecular hydrogen dissociation on Al n Pt (n = 1-12) clusters. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476615040022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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25
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Zhao R, Duan G, Yang T, Niu S, Wang Y. Purification, Characterization and Antibacterial Mechanism of Bacteriocin from Lactobacillus Acidophilus XH1. TROP J PHARM RES 2015. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v14i6.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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26
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Abstract
The use of technologies to provide security screening for individuals and objects has been increasing rapidly, in keeping with the significant increase in security concerns worldwide. Within the spectrum of technologies, the use of ionizing radiation to provide backscatter and transmission screening capabilities has also increased. The Commission has previously made a number of statements related to the general topic of deliberate exposures of individuals in non-medical settings. This report provides advice on how the radiological protection principles recommended by the Commission should be applied within the context of security screening. More specifically, the principles of justification, optimisation of protection, and dose limitation for planned exposure situations are directly applicable to the use of ionising radiation in security screening. In addition, several specific topics are considered in this report, including the situation in which individuals may be exposed because they are concealed (‘stowaways’) in a cargo container or conveyance that may be subject to screening. The Commission continues to recommend that careful justification of screening should be considered before decisions are made to employ the technology. If a decision is made that its use is justified, the framework for protection as a planned exposure situation should be employed, including optimization of protection with the use of dose constraints and the appropriate provisions for authorisation and inspection.
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Zeng Z, Li Q, Piao X, Liu J, Zhao P, Xu X, Zhang S, Niu S. Forsythia suspensa extract attenuates corticosterone-induced growth inhibition, oxidative injury, and immune depression in broilers. Poult Sci 2014; 93:1774-81. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2013-03772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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28
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Wang Y, Lu WQ, Li DF, Liu XT, Wang HL, Niu S, Piao XS. Energy and ileal digestible amino Acid concentrations for growing pigs and performance of weanling pigs fed fermented or conventional soybean meal. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2014; 27:706-16. [PMID: 25050006 PMCID: PMC4093199 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2013.13612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2013] [Revised: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A new strategy of co-inoculating Bacillus subtilis MA139 with Streptococcus thermophilus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae was used to produce fermented soybean meal (FSBM). Three experiments were conducted to determine the concentration of digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) (Exp. 1), apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AA) (Exp. 2), and feeding value (Exp. 3) of FSBM produced by this new strategy (NFSB) compared with soybean meal (SBM) and conventionally available FSBM (Suprotein). In Exp. 1, twenty-four barrows (initial body weight [BW] of 32.2 ±1.7 kg) were randomly allotted to 1 of 4 diets with 6 replicates per diet. A corn basal diet and 3 diets based on a mixture of corn and 1 of 3 soybean products listed above were formulated and the DE and ME contents were determined by the difference method. The results showed that there were no differences in DE and ME between SBM and either FSBM product (p>0.05). In Exp. 2, eight barrows (initial BW of 26.8±1.5 kg) were fitted with ileal T-cannulaes and used in a replicated 4×4 Latin square design. Three corn-starch-based diets were formulated using each of the 3 soybean products as the sole source of AA. A nitrogen-free diet was also formulated to measure endogenous losses of AA. The results showed that the SID of all AA except arginine and histidine was similar for NFSB and SBM (p>0.05), but Suprotein had greater (p<0.05) SID of most AA except lysine, aspartate, glycine and proline than NFSB. In Exp. 3, a total of 144 piglets (initial BW of 8.8±1.2 kg) were blocked by weight and fed 1 of 4 diets including a control diet with 24% SBM as well as diets containing 6% and 12% NFSB or 12% Suprotein added at the expense of SBM. During d 15 to 28, replacing SBM with 6% NFSB significantly improved average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) (p<0.05) for nursery piglets. During the overall experiment, ADG of piglets fed diets containing 6% NFSB was significantly greater (p<0.05) than that of piglets fed SBM. In conclusion, fermentation with the new strategy did not affect the energy content or the AID and the SID of AA in SBM. However, inclusion of 6% NFSB in diets fed to nursery piglets improved performance after weaning likely as a result of better nutritional status and reduced immunological challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - X. S. Piao
- Corresponding Author: X. S. Piao. Tel: +86-10-62733588, Fax: +86-10-62733688, E-mail:
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Li Q, Niu S, Wang R, Li Y, Zhang R, Zhu D. Mechanisms that underlie the induction of vasodilation in pulmonary artery by rutin. INT ANGIOL 2012; 31:557-564. [PMID: 23222934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM Rutin, also known as violaguercitrin, is a bioflavonoid and has a wide range of biological activity. However, the effect of this compound on arteries is not elucidated. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the mechanism underling the induction of vasodilation in pulmonary artery (PA) by the natural product, rutin. METHODS Firstly, the isometric tension of the artery rings was studied in vitro with force-electricity transducers. In PA endothelium-intact (EI) rings, rutin elicited concentration-dependent relaxation after the PA rings were pre-contracted by phenylephrine (PE), but induced mesenteric artery (MA) vasoconstriction. Inhibited the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) by NG-Nitro-L-arginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME) or removed the PA endothelium would decrease the relaxation effect of rutin. RESULTS The NO production was increased in rutin-treated bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells (BPAECs) detected by fluorescent probe 4-amino-5-methylamino-2',7'-difluorofluorescein diacetate (DAF-FM), which verify the functional study results. Moreover, western blot analysis revealed that rutin increased the phosphorylation of eNOS at Ser 1177, but decreased the phosphorylation of eNOS at Thr 495, and did not affect the overall expression of eNOS. CONCLUSION These results suggested that rutin-induced relaxation of PAs share NO-eNOS activation pathways, including phosphorylation of Ser 1177, and dephosphorylation at Thr 495. Rutin also has specific action because it exerts a vasodilator influence on the PAs but not MAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Li
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, China
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Ventruti A, Kazdoba TM, Niu S, D'Arcangelo G. Reelin deficiency causes specific defects in the molecular composition of the synapses in the adult brain. Neuroscience 2011; 189:32-42. [PMID: 21664258 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2011] [Revised: 05/19/2011] [Accepted: 05/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular protein Reelin regulates radial neuronal migration in the embryonic brain, promotes dendrite outgrowth in the developing postnatal forebrain, and strengthens synaptic transmission in the adult brain. Heterozygous reeler mice expressing reduced levels of Reelin are grossly normal but exhibit behavioral and physiological abnormalities. We previously demonstrated that dendritic spine density is reduced in the developing hippocampus of these mice. In this study, we investigated the consequence of Reelin deficiency on synapse formation in adult heterozygous reeler mice using imaging and biochemical approaches. Using a reeler colony that expresses yellow fluorescent protein in selected neurons, we analyzed spine density in hippocampal area CA1 by confocal microscopy and found modest abnormalities in heterozygous reeler mice. However, biochemical analysis of synaptic composition revealed specific postsynaptic defects in scaffolding proteins, neurotransmitter receptors, and signaling proteins. Using whole brain homogenates and purified pre- and postsynaptic fractions, we found that the defects were localized to the postsynaptic compartment of heterozygous reeler synapses. Decreased levels of postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95), the N-methyl d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunits NR2A and NR2B, and the phosphatase PTEN were found specifically in the postsynaptic density fraction obtained from these mice. Furthermore, we found that PSD-95, NR2A, and PTEN interact with each other at the synapse. Finally, we show that levels of NR2A are reduced in conditional Pten knock out mice, demonstrating that the PTEN phosphatase regulates NMDA receptor expression at the synapse in vivo. These studies may provide insights into the etiology of cognitive disorders associated with deficiencies in Reelin signaling and PTEN dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ventruti
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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Cheng C, Gao S, Zhao J, Niu S, Chen M, Li X, Qin J, Shi S, Guo Z, Shen A. Spatiotemporal patterns of postsynaptic density (PSD)-95 expression after rat spinal cord injury. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2007; 34:340-56. [PMID: 18053028 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2990.2007.00917.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Postsynaptic density (PSD)-95 is a scaffolding protein linking the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor with neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), which contributes to many physiological and pathological actions. We here investigated whether PSD-95 was involved in the secondary response following spinal cord injury (SCI). METHODS Spinal cord contusion (SCC) and spinal cord transection (SCT) models at thoracic (T) segment 9 (T(9)) were established in adults rats. Real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were used to detect the temporal profile and spatial distribution of PSD-95 after SCI. The association between PSD-95 and nNOS in the injured cords was also assessed by coimmmunoprecipation and double immunofluorescent staining. RESULTS The mRNA and protein for PSD-95 expression were significantly increased at 2 h or 8 h, and then gradually declined to the baseline level, ultimately up-regulated again from 5 days to 7 days for its mRNA level and at 7 days or 14 days for its protein level after either SCC or SCT. PSD-95 immunoreactivity was found in neurones, oligodendrocytes and synaptic puncta of spinal cord tissues within 5 mm from the lesion site. Importantly, injury-induced expression of PSD-95 was colabelled by active caspase-3 (apoptotic marker), Tau-1 (the marker for pathological oligodendrocytes) and nNOS. CONCLUSIONS Accompanied by the spatio-temporal changes for PSD-95 expression, the association between PSD-95 and nNOS undergoes substantial alteration after SCI. These two molecules are likely to form a complex on apoptotic neurones and pathological oligodendrocytes, which may in turn be involved in the secondary response after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Cheng
- The Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nantong University (Former Nantong Medical College), Nantong, China
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Wang J, Liu Z, Niu S, Peng M, Wang D, Weng Z, Xiong Z. Natural Occurrence of Chilli veinal mottle virus on Capsicum chinense in China. Plant Dis 2006; 90:377. [PMID: 30786572 DOI: 10.1094/pd-90-0377c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
An outbreak of a viral disease on chili pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacp. cv. Yellow Lantern) occurred in Hainan Province, China during 2003 and 2004. The disease was prevalent in five chili-producing counties surveyed. Leaves of infected plants initially displayed symptoms of dark green banding along veins and later became distorted with striking mosaic. Infected plants had reduced flower numbers and fruit set, resulting in a significant yield loss. The causative virus was characterized and identified as Chilli veinal mottle virus (ChiVMV) (3). An isolate of the virus was obtained via three single lesion passages through Chenopodium amaranticolor and was shown to reproduce the same symptoms on inoculated C. chinense cv. Yellow Lantern. Negative staining of crude extracts of the infected tissue and subsequent electron microscopy revealed flexuous rods of 12 to 13 × 750 nm, typical of a potyvirus. Pinwheel-like inclusion bodies were abundant in thin sections of infected leaves. Purified virus preparations contained one major protein of 32.8 kDa and one minor protein of 28 kDa when fractionated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Both of these protein bands were excised and subsequently analyzed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Multiple peptide fragments from both proteins were identified as arising from ChiVMV capsid protein (CP) (1,2). Therefore, the 32.8-kDa protein is the full-length ChiVMV CP and the 28-kDa protein is presumably a degradation product of the CP. The combined biological and molecular data provided strong evidence that the viral disease on C. chinense was caused by ChiVMV. To our knowledge, this is the first report of ChiVMV infection on C. chinense in China and the first report of C. amaranticolor as an experimental host for ChiVMV. References: (1) P. Chiemsombat et al. Arch. Virol. 143:1855, 1998. (2). J. Joseph and H. S. Savithri. Arch. Virol. 144:1679, 1999. (3) P. Siriwong et al. Plant Pathol. 44:718, 1995.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science, Haikou, Hainan, China 571101
| | - Z Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science, Haikou, Hainan, China 571101
| | - S Niu
- State Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science, Haikou, Hainan, China 571101
| | - M Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science, Haikou, Hainan, China 571101
| | - D Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science, Haikou, Hainan, China 571101
| | - Z Weng
- Division of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85749
| | - Z Xiong
- Division of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85749
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Jiang L, Niu S, Clines KL, Burke DJ, Sturgill TW. Analyses of the effects of Rck2p mutants on Pbs2pDD-induced toxicity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae identify a MAP kinase docking motif, and unexpected functional inactivation due to acidic substitution of T379. Mol Genet Genomics 2004; 271:208-19. [PMID: 14735355 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-003-0972-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2003] [Accepted: 12/12/2003] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Rck2p is a Ser/Thr kinase that binds to, and is activated by, Hog1p. Expression of the MAP kinase kinase Pbs2pDD from a GAL1-driven plasmid hyperactivates the HOG MAP kinase pathway, and leads to cessation of growth. This toxic effect is reduced by deletion of RCK2. We studied the structural and functional basis for the role of Rck2p in mediating the growth arrest phenotype associated with overexpression of Pbs2pDD. Rck2p kinase activity is required for the effect, because Rck2p(Delta487-610), as well as full-length Rck2p, is toxic with Pbs2pDD, but kinase-defective versions of either protein with a K201R mutation are not. Thus, the C-terminal portion of Rck2p is not required provided the protein is activated by removal of the autoinhibitory domain. Relief of inhibition in Rck2p normally requires phosphorylation by Hog1p, and Rck2p contains a putative MAP kinase docking site (TILQR589R590KKVQ) in its C-terminal segment. The Rck2p double mutant R589A/R590A expressed from a centromeric plasmid did not detectably bind Hog1p-GFP and was functionally inactive in mediating the toxic effect of Pbs2pDD, equivalent to an RCK2 deletion. However, overexpression of Rck2p R589A/R590A from a multicopy plasmid restored function. In contrast, RCK2-K201R acted as a multicopy suppressor of PBS2DD, markedly reducing its toxicity. This suppressor activity required the K201R mutation, and the effect was largely lost when the docking site was mutated, suggesting suppression by inhibition of Hog1p functions. We also studied the effect of replacing the predicted T379 and established S520 phosphorylation sites in Rck2p by glutamic acid. Surprisingly, the T379E mutant markedly reduced Pbs2pDD toxicity, and toxicity was only partially rescued by S520E. Rck2 T379E was sufficiently inactive in an rck2Delta strain to allow some cells to survive PBS2DD toxicity even when overexpressed. The significance of these findings for our understanding of Rck2p function is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, PO Box 800735, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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Niu S, Hall MB. Modeling the active sites in metalloenzymes 5. The heterolytic bond cleavage of H(2) in the [NiFe] hydrogenase of desulfovibrio gigas by a nucleophilic addition mechanism. Inorg Chem 2001; 40:6201-3. [PMID: 11703120 DOI: 10.1021/ic0107274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The H(2) activation catalyzed by an Fe(II)-Ni(III) model of the [NiFe] hydrogenase of Desulfovibrio gigas has been investigated by density functional theory (DFT/B3LYP) calculations on the neutral and anionic active site complexes, [(CO)(CN)(2)Fe(mu-SH)(2)Ni(SH)(SH(2))](0) and [(CO)(CN)(2)Fe(mu-SH)(2)Ni(SH)(2)](-). The results suggest that the reaction proceeds by a nucleophilic addition mechanism that cleaves the H-H bond heterolytically. The terminal cysteine residue Cys530 in the [NiFe] hydrogenase active site of the D. gigas enzyme plays a crucial role in the catalytic process by accepting the proton. The active site is constructed to provide access by this cysteine residue, and this role explains the change in activity observed when this cysteine is replaced by a selenocysteine. Furthermore, the optimized geometry of the transition state in the model bears a striking resemblance to the geometry of the active site as determined by X-ray crystallography.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Niu
- Contribution from HPCC Group, Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory, Battelle, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
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Hu W, Liu J, Niu S, Liu M, Shi H, Wei L. Prevalence of CMV in arterial walls and leukocytes in patients with atherosclerosis. Chin Med J (Engl) 2001; 114:1208-10. [PMID: 11729522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of cylomegalovirus with atherosclerosis. METHODS The presence of cylomegalovirus (CMV) nucleic acids was demonstrated in carotid and coronary arteries of patients with and without atherosclerosis by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). CMV was detected by PCR in the blood of patients with and without atherosclerosis. RESULTS 83.3%-86.7% of the samples obtained from atherosclerotic patient arterial walls were shown to contain viral nucleic acids (CMV), CMV could be found among 6.7% of patients' arterial wall without atherosclerosis, significant difference can be found between them (P < 0.01). In blood CMV could be found in 42.4% of patients with atherosclerosis, in the control group, only 3% of samples had CMV, P < 0.01. CONCLUSION CMV plays an important role in the pathologic process of the atherosclerosis and the atherosclerotic cerebral infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Hu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Red Cross Chaoyang Hospital, Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100020, China
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Li Y, Liang C, Slemenda CW, Ji R, Sun S, Cao J, Emsley CL, Ma F, Wu Y, Ying P, Zhang Y, Gao S, Zhang W, Katz BP, Niu S, Cao S, Johnston CC. Effect of long-term exposure to fluoride in drinking water on risks of bone fractures. J Bone Miner Res 2001; 16:932-9. [PMID: 11341339 DOI: 10.1359/jbmr.2001.16.5.932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Findings on the risk of bone fractures associated with long-term fluoride exposure from drinking water have been contradictory. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of bone fracture, including hip fracture, in six Chinese populations with water fluoride concentrations ranging from 0.25 to 7.97 parts per million (ppm). A total of 8266 male and female subjects > or =50 years of age were enrolled. Parameters evaluated included fluoride exposure, prevalence of bone fractures, demographics, medical history, physical activity, cigarette smoking, and alcohol consumption. The results confirmed that drinking water was the only major source of fluoride exposure in the study populations. A U-shaped pattern was detected for the relationship between the prevalence of bone fracture and water fluoride level. The prevalence of overall bone fracture was lowest in the population of 1.00-1.06 ppm fluoride in drinking water, which was significantly lower (p < 0.05) than that of the groups exposed to water fluoride levels > or =4.32 and < or =0.34 ppm. The prevalence of hip fractures was highest in the group with the highest water fluoride (4.32-7.97 ppm). The value is significantly higher than the population with 1.00-1.06 ppm water fluoride, which had the lowest prevalence rate. It is concluded that long-term fluoride exposure from drinking water containing > or =4.32 ppm increases the risk of overall fractures as well as hip fractures. Water fluoride levels at 1.00-1.06 ppm decrease the risk of overall fractures relative to negligible fluoride in water; however, there does not appear to be similar protective benefits for the risk of hip fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Li
- Center for Dental Research, Loma Linda University School of Dentistry, California 92350, USA
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Fang Z, Niu S, Zhu L. [A comparison of the effects of PAV, PSV and IPPV on cardiopulmonary function in patients with acute respiratory failure]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2001; 24:288-91. [PMID: 11802978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Comparing the effects of proportional assist ventilation (PAV), pressure support ventilation (PSV), and intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) on cardiopulmonary function in patients with acute respiratory failure, in particular, evaluating the clinical significance of PAV. METHODS Ten patients with acute respiratory failure were firstly ventilated with IPPV. Elaslance (Ers) and Resistance (Rrs) were measured and calculated. Then PSV mode was adapted. Based on the parameters of IPPV, inspiratory positive airway pressure was adjusted to maintain the same tidal volume (V(T)) as that in IPPV. Finally PAV mode was used. According to the parameters of PSV, the assist ratio was adjusted to maintain the same V(T) and peak pressure peak, as those in PSV. Respiratory mechanics, arterial blood gas and hemodynamics were recorded during above three modes of ventilation. RESULT Comparing with PSV and IPPV mode, PAV created a significantly lower peak, less work of breathing of patients (WoBp) and work of breathing of ventilation (WoBv) under the similar V(T); Central venous pressure (CVP) and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) were significantly lower in PAV mode as compared with those in IPPV; While comparing with PSV, V(T), mean blood pressure (mBP) and cardiac output (CO) were higher and mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP), WoBp were lower in patients with PAV under similar peak. Among them the fall of WoBp was statistically significant. CONCLUSION In patients receiving three modes of ventilation, PAV presents with lower airway pressure, less WoBp and less effect on hemodynamics as compared with those with PSV or IPPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Fang
- Department of Chest, Zhongshan Hospital, Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Adamson C, Niu S, Bahl JJ, Morkin E. Cloning and characterization of P110, a novel small nucleolar U3 ribonucleoprotein, expressed in early development. Exp Cell Res 2001; 263:55-64. [PMID: 11161705 DOI: 10.1006/excr.2000.5089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We report the cloning of a BrdU-sensitive transcript of 4.1 kb from an immortalized quail heart cell line containing an open reading frame of 940 amino acids (110 kDa, pI approximately 5.18). The mRNA encoding P110 appears in the heart and neural tube by 36 h of avian development, at a time when these organs are rapidly developing. Analysis of the DNA-deduced protein sequence revealed a bipartite nuclear localization signal, and a highly charged domain rich in both acidic and basic residues. Immunofluorescent staining with polyclonal antibodies raised against a P110 peptide localized the protein to the nucleolus of avian and mammalian cells. Although database search showed significant homology with an uncharacterized cDNA from human brain and several human and mouse Expressed Sequence Tags, there was no close homology to known nucleolar proteins. Immunoprecipitation of P110 from cell sonicates revealed it contained U3 small nucleolar RNA, but no significant amounts of other box C/D small nucleolar RNAs. These data suggest that P110 is one of the U3 small nucleolar ribonucleoproteins that are involved in rRNA processing.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Blotting, Northern
- Blotting, Western
- Bromodeoxyuridine/pharmacology
- Cell Cycle/physiology
- Cell Line
- Cell Nucleolus/chemistry
- Chick Embryo
- Cloning, Molecular
- Dactinomycin/pharmacology
- Embryo, Nonmammalian/physiology
- Heart/embryology
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- In Situ Hybridization
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Myocardium/cytology
- Quail
- RNA, Messenger/analysis
- RNA, Small Nucleolar/analysis
- Ribonucleoproteins, Small Nucleolar/chemistry
- Ribonucleoproteins, Small Nucleolar/genetics
- Ribonucleoproteins, Small Nucleolar/metabolism
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
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Affiliation(s)
- C Adamson
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
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Niu S, Kuo CH, Gan Y, Nishikawa E, Sadakata T, Ichikawa H, Miki N. Increase of calmodulin III gene expression by mu-opioid receptor stimulation in PC12 cells. Jpn J Pharmacol 2000; 84:412-7. [PMID: 11202613 DOI: 10.1254/jjp.84.412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Calmodulin (CaM) is a principal multifunctional mediator of Ca2+ signaling in cells. It is reported that morphine increases CaM contents in mouse brain. However, the precise mechanism of CaM induction by morphine is unknown. We investigated the changes of CaM by opioid receptor stimulation in mRNA and protein levels. Expression of CaM was increased in dose- and time-dependent manners by morphine with RT-PCR assay in PC12 cells, and naloxone inhibited the effect of morphine. The expression was also increased with DAMGO (mu-opioid agonist), but not by DPDPE (delta) and U50488 (kappa). Northern blot analysis revealed that the CaMIII gene was responsive to morphine or DAMGO. CaM protein increased by DAMGO were distributed in both soluble and membranous fractions in the cells. Taken together, the data suggest that morphine induces the expression of CaMIII gene through mu-opioid receptor stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Niu
- Department of Pharmacology, Osaka University Medical School, Suita, Japan
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Li GM, Niu S, Segi M, Tanaka K, Nakajima T, Zingaro RA, Reibenspies JH, Hall MB. On the behavior of alpha,beta-unsaturated thioaldehydes and thioketones in the Diels-Alder reaction. J Org Chem 2000; 65:6601-12. [PMID: 11052108 DOI: 10.1021/jo000740q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Alpha,beta-unsaturated thioaldehydes and thioketones, R1CH=CH-C(=S)R2, are prepared in situ by the reaction between the corresponding carbonyl compounds and bis(dimethylaluminum) sulfide. These compounds undergo [4 + 2] self-dimerization reactions in which one molecule serves as the heterodiene component and the other as the dienophile to afford different types of dimeric products depending on the R1 and R2: 1,2-dithiin and 1,3-dithiin (R1 = R2 = H), 1,2-dithiin (R1 = Ph, R2 = H, CH3), or dihydrothiopyran (R1 = R2 = Ph). These differences in selectivity are explained on the basis of the relative energies evaluated by molecular orbital (MO) calculations at the DFT (density functional theory) level. The calculations show that in the dimerization reaction of thioacrolein (I), the head-to-tail (S-C-S bonded) dimers are kinetically more stable by about 5 kcal/mol but slightly thermodynamically unstable by about 2 kcal/mol than the head-to-head (S-S bonded) dimers. The calculations on thiocinnamaldehyde (IV) indicate that the dimerization reactions of phenyl-substituted alpha,beta-unsaturated thioaldehydes and thioketones are almost equally controlled by thermodynamic and kinetic factors. These unsaturated thiocarbonyl compounds also function as heterodienes (C=C-C=S) in the cycloaddition reaction with norbornadiene and as dienophiles (C=S) in the reaction with cyclopentadiene.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Li
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station 77843-3255, USA
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Abstract
Atresia in the aortic arch is a rare and severe congenital cardiovascular anomaly. Without surgical therapy, only a few patients can survive to adulthood. A 29-year-old woman with atresia of the aortic arch (Celoria-Patton Type A) without any intracardiac shunt underwent primary surgical correction involving reconstruction of the aortic arch with prosthetic interposition between the transverse aortic arch and the descending aorta and division of the persistent ductus arteriosus. Her postoperative course was uneventful, and she is now doing well at three years to date after surgical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Okumura
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Daini Okamoto General Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
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Zhu L, Niu S, Li S. [Nasal or oranasal face mask mechanical ventilation in the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2000; 23:225-7. [PMID: 11778210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To Evaluate the effect of nasal or oranasal face mask mechanical ventilation (FMMV) in the treatment of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS). METHODS 16 ARDS patients were separated into two groups: infection group and non-infection group. The former had 6 cases with pneumonia and 1 case with sepsis; the later had 5 cases with multiple fracture, 2 with operation of intestines obstruction, 1 with operation of spleen rupture, 1 with hepatectomy. In Infection group, the respiratory rate(RR) was (46 +/- 5) times/min, the arterial blood pH 7.49 +/- 0.05, CO2 partial pressure(PaCO2) was (32 +/- 4) mm Hg, and oxygenation index (OI) (144 +/- 23) mm Hg. In non-infection group, the RR, pH, PaCO2, OI was (41 +/- 6) times/min, 7.49 +/- 0.13, (32 +/- 5) mm Hg, (156 +/- 51) mm Hg. All patients were linked with ventilator via nasal or ornasal mask. Pressure support ventilation (PSV) and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) were selected. RESULTS All patients successfully received FMMV. In infection group, RR and OI returned to (45 +/- 7) times/min (P > 0.05) and (195 +/- 30) mm Hg(P < 0.05) respectively after 2-8 hours via FMMV. But in non-infection group, the RR and OI were (35 +/- 4) times/min (P < 0.05) and (228 +/- 90) mm Hg(P < 0.05). 2 cases(29%) in infection group and 8 cases(89%) in non-infection were successfully weaned from FMMV. CONCLUSION FMMV could be as the first choice in ARDS patients without infection, and airway intubation should be given in infectious patients as early as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Zhu
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shanghai Medical University, Department of Pulmonology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai 200032, China
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Pang B, Wang C, Weng X, Tang X, Zhang H, Niu S, Mao Y, Xin P, Huang X, Zhang H. [Lung injury caused by passive smoking and its effects on cytokines in rats]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2000; 34:104-5. [PMID: 11860912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A rat model with chronic bronchitis was replicated by passive inhalation of cigarette smoking fume to study its long-term effects on lung injury and nitric oxide (NO), interluekin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8). METHODS Levels of nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)) and nitrogen trioxide (NO(3)) were measured with spectrophotometry in rats indicating their level of nitric oxide (NO). Levels of IL-6 and IL-8 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Levels of NO in serum, bronchial alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue in the smoking group were significantly lower than those in the normal controls (P < 0.01). But, levels of IL-6 and IL-8 were higher in the smoking group than those in the controls. CONCLUSION Long-term passive smoking could cause injury of lung tissue to certain extent, reduction in secretion of NO in endothelial cells and damage to pulmonary vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Pang
- Red Cross Chaoyang Hospital, Beijing 100020, China
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Affiliation(s)
- S Niu
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
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Wang M, Niu S, Li Y, Zhang Z, Bai C. The diagnostic value of total respiratory impedance by impulse oscillometry in chronic obstructive lung disease. Chin Med J (Engl) 1999; 112:982-4. [PMID: 11721479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the diagnostic significance of total respiratory impedance for chronic obstructive lung disease. METHODS The impedance of respiratory system was measured by impulse oscillometry method and compared with parameter values of routine pulmonary function in 57 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). RESULTS It significantly increased in viscous resistance ranging from 5 Hz and 35 Hz and resonant frequency in COPD group than that in healthy group. Reactance from 5 Hz and 35 Hz in COPD group was marked lower than that in healthy group. There were marked frequency dependence of viscous resistance and reactance in COPD patients. Resonant frequency was markedly and negatively correlated with parameters of pulmonary ventilation indices; X5 was positively correlated with parameters of pulmonary ventilation indices. But no statistical correlation was showed between R20 and parameters of pulmonary ventilation indices. Correlation was found between resonance frequency and FEV1, resonance frequency and Vmax. The correlation coefficient values were -0.671 and -0.666 respectively. The sensitivity of resonant frequency, R5 and X5 for diagnosing COPD were 94.74%, 59.65% and 54.38%, respectively. The specificity of them were 86.66%, 96.66% and 90%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Resonant frequency was the most sensitive index in the parameters measured by IOS for diagnosing COPD. Since impedance measurement was a non-invasive method and only passive co-operation of the patient was needed. This technique could therefore be applied in COPD patients with acute attack for dynamic examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Wang
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Hashimoto T, Niu S, Adachi S, Ohga K. [A case report of surgical repair of ruptured aneurysm of sinus valsalva in aged (84 years old)]. Kyobu Geka 1999; 52:780-2. [PMID: 10453168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
An 84-year-old man with ruptured aneurysm of Valsalva sinus was operated. Diagnosis was made by two dimensional echocardiography, cardiac catheterization, and cardiac angiography. A aneurysm was found at the right-coronary sinus region, and ruptured into the right ventricle. The ruptured aneurysm of sinus Valsalva was repaired with direct closure and Woven patch from inside the right ventricle through the pulmonary valve. This case was defined as congenital because there was no sign of inflammatory or atherosclerotic changes in the aorta, aortic valve and aneurysm. The ruptured aneurysm of sinus Valsalva is very rare in aged patients. As far as we know, this patient is one of the oldest cases who underwent successful surgical repair in this country.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hashimoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Dai-ni Okamoto General Hospital, Uji, Japan
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Li Y, Niu S, Zhu L. [The experimental study on improved cuirass-respirator]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 1999; 22:293-5. [PMID: 11775858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the factors that possibly affect the ventilatory efficiency of cuirass-respirator. METHODS Cuirass shells were constructed with plaster casts according to the shape of dog's chest wall. Above the cuirass shell, two straps were added in order to hold the cuirass shell when the pump generated pressure. Tidal volume and Pab and Pes were measured during different negative pressure. In addition, tidal volume was recorded before and after the cuirass was held. RESULTS Ventilatory efficiency was markedly raised after the cuirass was held. As negative pressure rose, ventilation increased and Pdi decreased. CONCLUSIONS The improved cuirass respirator can markedly improve ventilatory efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Li
- Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical University, Shanghai 200032
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Wang Z, Niu S, Deng H. [A simple method for the determination of tungsten ores by XRF spectrometer]. Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi 1999; 19:93-94. [PMID: 15818929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A method for the determination of the major elements in tungsten ore using X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (PW 1404) was proposed. Tungsten ore and pure WO3 were fused, of which glass disc was made with the mixing flux of both Li2B2O7 and Na2B2O7. WO3 (%) was calculated by the relative intensity of the analytical line. Satisfactory analytical results were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Wang
- Physical-Chemical Center, No. 52-Institute, 014034 Baotou
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Nie L, Niu S, Vega GL, Clark LT, Tang A, Grundy SM, Cohen JC. Three polymorphisms associated with low hepatic lipase activity are common in African Americans. J Lipid Res 1998; 39:1900-3. [PMID: 9741704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We have shown previously that a hepatic lipase allele (designated -514T) is common among African Americans and contributes to low hepatic lipase activity in this population. To identify other hepatic lipase alleles associated with low hepatic lipase activity in this population, the coding region and intron-exon boundaries of the hepatic lipase gene were sequenced in 20 African American men with low hepatic lipase activity. Two polymorphisms (N193S and L334F) were associated with low post-heparin plasma hepatic lipase activity and were much more common in African Americans than in whites. This finding, together with our previous data on the -514T allele, indicates that at least three different hepatic lipase polymorphisms associated with low hepatic lipase activity are common among African Americans. Analysis of hepatic lipase haplotypes revealed that 97% of African Americans have at least one hepatic lipase allele that is associated with low hepatic lipase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Nie
- The Center for Human Nutrition, Department of Clinical Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235-9052, USA
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Zhang W, Niu S, Chait BT. Exploring infrared wavelength matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization of proteins with delayed-extraction time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 1998; 9:879-884. [PMID: 9725012 DOI: 10.1016/s1044-0305(98)00060-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We report a study of the application of delayed extraction (DE) to infrared-wavelength matrix-assisted time-of-flight mass spectrometry (IR-MALDI-TOF-MS) of proteins. The shapes of the spectral peaks obtained with DE-IR-MALDI-MS are compared with those obtained from the same samples and matrix using continuous extraction (CE) IR-MALDI-MS. Application of DE results in significant improvements in the peak resolution, revealing spectral features (in proteins with molecular masses < 12 kDa) that were not resolved in the corresponding CE-IR-Maldi mass spectra. Particularly significant is a series of peaks on the high mass side of the protonated protein peaks that arise through replacement of protons by adventitious sodium ions in the sample. We deduced that these sodium replacement species are a significant contributor to the broad tails (and resulting peak asymmetries) that are a feature of the DE-IR-MALDI mass spectra of proteins with molecular masses > or = 17 kDa. The peak width reduction observed in IR-MALDI by DE suggests that, as in UV-MALDI, the initial velocity distribution for ions produced in the MALDI process contributes to the peak broadness in the CE mass spectra. In a systematic comparison between DE UV-MALDI and DE IR-MALDI, we determined that photochemical matrix adduction is present in UV-MALDI but absent in IR-MALDI. In addition, we find that protein ions produced by IR irradiation are less internally excited (i.e., cooler), exhibiting less fragmentation, more Na+ replacement and/or unspecified noncovalent adduction, and more heme adduction with apomyoglobin. Thus, IR-MALDI appears to be a softer means for producing gas-phase protein ions than is UV-MALDI. It will be of considerable practical interest to determine whether large protein ions produced by IR-MALDI are sufficiently cool to survive transport through reflecting TOF mass spectrometers (without loss of small neutral species such as H2O, NH3, and CO2) and the extended time periods required for detection by quadrupole ion trap and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass analyzers.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Zhang
- Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
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