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Ashar FN, Mitchell RN, Albert CM, Newton-Cheh C, Brody JA, Müller-Nurasyid M, Moes A, Meitinger T, Mak A, Huikuri H, Junttila MJ, Goyette P, Pulit SL, Pazoki R, Tanck MW, Blom MT, Zhao X, Havulinna AS, Jabbari R, Glinge C, Tragante V, Escher SA, Chakravarti A, Ehret G, Coresh J, Li M, Prineas RJ, Franco OH, Kwok PY, Lumley T, Dumas F, McKnight B, Rotter JI, Lemaitre RN, Heckbert SR, O’Donnell CJ, Hwang SJ, Tardif JC, VanDenburgh M, Uitterlinden AG, Hofman A, Stricker BHC, de Bakker PIW, Franks PW, Jansson JH, Asselbergs FW, Halushka MK, Maleszewski JJ, Tfelt-Hansen J, Engstrøm T, Salomaa V, Virmani R, Kolodgie F, Wilde AAM, Tan HL, Bezzina CR, Eijgelsheim M, Rioux JD, Jouven X, Kääb S, Psaty BM, Siscovick DS, Arking DE, Sotoodehnia N. A comprehensive evaluation of the genetic architecture of sudden cardiac arrest. Eur Heart J 2018; 39:3961-3969. [PMID: 30169657 PMCID: PMC6247663 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) accounts for 10% of adult mortality in Western populations. We aim to identify potential loci associated with SCA and to identify risk factors causally associated with SCA. Methods and results We carried out a large genome-wide association study (GWAS) for SCA (n = 3939 cases, 25 989 non-cases) to examine common variation genome-wide and in candidate arrhythmia genes. We also exploited Mendelian randomization (MR) methods using cross-trait multi-variant genetic risk score associations (GRSA) to assess causal relationships of 18 risk factors with SCA. No variants were associated with SCA at genome-wide significance, nor were common variants in candidate arrhythmia genes associated with SCA at nominal significance. Using cross-trait GRSA, we established genetic correlation between SCA and (i) coronary artery disease (CAD) and traditional CAD risk factors (blood pressure, lipids, and diabetes), (ii) height and BMI, and (iii) electrical instability traits (QT and atrial fibrillation), suggesting aetiologic roles for these traits in SCA risk. Conclusions Our findings show that a comprehensive approach to the genetic architecture of SCA can shed light on the determinants of a complex life-threatening condition with multiple influencing factors in the general population. The results of this genetic analysis, both positive and negative findings, have implications for evaluating the genetic architecture of patients with a family history of SCA, and for efforts to prevent SCA in high-risk populations and the general community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foram N Ashar
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins, 733 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rebecca N Mitchell
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins, 733 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christine M Albert
- Divisions of Preventive Medicine and Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 900 Commonwealth Ave East, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christopher Newton-Cheh
- Center for Human Genetic Research & Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 1730 Minor Ave, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Martina Müller-Nurasyid
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Marchioninistr. 15, Munich, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I (Cardiology), Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistr. 15, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Biedersteiner Strasse 29, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Moes
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins, 733 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Biedersteiner Strasse 29, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Strasse 22, Munich, Germany
| | - Angel Mak
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, 1550 4th Street, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Heikki Huikuri
- Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University Hospital and University of Oulu, Kajaaninkatu 50, Oulu, Finland
| | - M Juhani Junttila
- Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University Hospital and University of Oulu, Kajaaninkatu 50, Oulu, Finland
| | - Philippe Goyette
- Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, 5000 rue Bélanger, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sara L Pulit
- Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Raha Pazoki
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Hospital, Praed St, Paddington, London, UK
| | - Michael W Tanck
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke T Blom
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Heart Center, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - XiaoQing Zhao
- CVPath Institute, 19 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Aki S Havulinna
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 166, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Reza Jabbari
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Inge Lehmanns Vej 7, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Glinge
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Inge Lehmanns Vej 7, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vinicius Tragante
- Department of Cardiology, Division Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan A Escher
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Barngatan 4, Skånes universitetssjukhus, Malmo, Sweden
| | - Aravinda Chakravarti
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins, 733 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Georg Ehret
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins, 733 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Josef Coresh
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, 615 N Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Man Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, 615 N Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ronald J Prineas
- Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Institute of Social and Preventative Medicine, University of Bern, Mittelstrasse 43, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Dr. Molewaterplein 50, GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pui-Yan Kwok
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, 1550 4th Street, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Thomas Lumley
- Department of Statistics, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92014, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Florence Dumas
- Paris Sudden Death Expertise Center, University Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U970, 56 rue Leblanc, Paris, France
| | - Barbara McKnight
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 1730 Minor Ave, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, F-600, Health Sciences Building 1705 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1124 W. Carson Street, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 1730 Minor Ave, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Susan R Heckbert
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Christopher J O’Donnell
- NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, 73 Mount Wayte Avenue, Suite #2, Framingham, MA, USA
- Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston VA Healthcare System, 1400 VFW Parkway, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shih-Jen Hwang
- Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston VA Healthcare System, 1400 VFW Parkway, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jean-Claude Tardif
- Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, 5000 rue Bélanger, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Martin VanDenburgh
- Divisions of Preventive Medicine and Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 900 Commonwealth Ave East, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA, USA
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, CD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Dr. Molewaterplein 50, GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bruno H C Stricker
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Dr. Molewaterplein 50, GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul I W de Bakker
- Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Paul W Franks
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Barngatan 4, Skånes universitetssjukhus, Malmo, Sweden
| | - Jan-Hakan Jansson
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Research Unit Skelleftea, Umea University, University Hospital, Building 1A, 4st, Umea, Sweden
| | - Folkert W Asselbergs
- Department of Cardiology, Division Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, 69-75 Chenies Mews, London, UK
- Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, 222 Euston Road London, UK
| | - Marc K Halushka
- Department of Pathology, Division of Cardiovascular Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Ross Rm 632B, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joseph J Maleszewski
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 3050 Superior Drive, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jacob Tfelt-Hansen
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Inge Lehmanns Vej 7, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Inge Lehmanns Vej 7, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Engstrøm
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Inge Lehmanns Vej 7, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Cardiology, University of Lund, Getingevägen 4, Lund, Sweden
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 166, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Renu Virmani
- CVPath Institute, 19 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Frank Kolodgie
- CVPath Institute, 19 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Arthur A M Wilde
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Heart Center; Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hanno L Tan
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Heart Center; Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Connie R Bezzina
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Heart Center; Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mark Eijgelsheim
- Department of Nephrology, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - John D Rioux
- Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, 5000 rue Bélanger, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Xavier Jouven
- Paris Sudden Death Expertise Center, University Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U970, 56 rue Leblanc, Paris, France
| | - Stefan Kääb
- Department of Internal Medicine I (Cardiology), Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistr. 15, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Biedersteiner Strasse 29, Munich, Germany
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Services, University of Washington, 1730 Minor Ave, suite #1360, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David S Siscovick
- The New York Academy of Medicine, 1216 5th Ave, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dan E Arking
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins, 733 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Division of Cardiology, Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Washington, 1730 Minor Ave, Seattle, WA, USA
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2
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Einarsdottir E, Grauers A, Wang J, Jiao H, Escher SA, Danielsson A, Simony A, Andersen M, Christensen SB, Åkesson K, Kou I, Khanshour AM, Ohlin A, Wise C, Ikegawa S, Kere J, Gerdhem P. CELSR2 is a candidate susceptibility gene in idiopathic scoliosis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189591. [PMID: 29240829 PMCID: PMC5730153 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A Swedish pedigree with an autosomal dominant inheritance of idiopathic scoliosis was initially studied by genetic linkage analysis, prioritising genomic regions for further analysis. This revealed a locus on chromosome 1 with a putative risk haplotype shared by all affected individuals. Two affected individuals were subsequently exome-sequenced, identifying a rare, non-synonymous variant in the CELSR2 gene. This variant is rs141489111, a c.G6859A change in exon 21 (NM_001408), leading to a predicted p.V2287I (NP_001399.1) change. This variant was found in all affected members of the pedigree, but showed reduced penetrance. Analysis of tagging variants in CELSR1-3 in a set of 1739 Swedish-Danish scoliosis cases and 1812 controls revealed significant association (p = 0.0001) to rs2281894, a common synonymous variant in CELSR2. This association was not replicated in case-control cohorts from Japan and the US. No association was found to variants in CELSR1 or CELSR3. Our findings suggest a rare variant in CELSR2 as causative for idiopathic scoliosis in a family with dominant segregation and further highlight common variation in CELSR2 in general susceptibility to idiopathic scoliosis in the Swedish-Danish population. Both variants are located in the highly conserved GAIN protein domain, which is necessary for the auto-proteolysis of CELSR2, suggesting its functional importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabet Einarsdottir
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, and Molecular Neurology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Anna Grauers
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sundsvall and Härnösand County Hospital, Sundsvall, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jingwen Wang
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Hong Jiao
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Stefan A. Escher
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Aina Danielsson
- Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgren Academy at Gothenburg University, Göteborg, Sweden
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sahlgren University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Ane Simony
- Sector for Spine Surgery & Research, Middelfart Hospital, Middelfart, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Andersen
- Sector for Spine Surgery & Research, Middelfart Hospital, Middelfart, Denmark
| | | | - Kristina Åkesson
- Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Clinical and Molecular Osteoporosis Research Unit, Malmö, Sweden
- Skåne University Hospital, Department of Orthopedics, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ikuyo Kou
- Laboratory of Bone and Joint Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Anas M. Khanshour
- Sarah M. and Charles E. Seay Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Acke Ohlin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Carol Wise
- Sarah M. and Charles E. Seay Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development and Departments of Pediatrics and Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Shiro Ikegawa
- Laboratory of Bone and Joint Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Juha Kere
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, and Molecular Neurology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
- Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, King’s College London, Guy’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Gerdhem
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Orthopaedics, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
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3
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Kanoni S, Masca NGD, Stirrups KE, Varga TV, Warren HR, Scott RA, Southam L, Zhang W, Yaghootkar H, Müller-Nurasyid M, Couto Alves A, Strawbridge RJ, Lataniotis L, An Hashim N, Besse C, Boland A, Braund PS, Connell JM, Dominiczak A, Farmaki AE, Franks S, Grallert H, Jansson JH, Karaleftheri M, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi S, Matchan A, Pasko D, Peters A, Poulter N, Rayner NW, Renström F, Rolandsson O, Sabater-Lleal M, Sennblad B, Sever P, Shields D, Silveira A, Stanton AV, Strauch K, Tomaszewski M, Tsafantakis E, Waldenberger M, Blakemore AIF, Dedoussis G, Escher SA, Kooner JS, McCarthy MI, Palmer CNA, Hamsten A, Caulfield MJ, Frayling TM, Tobin MD, Jarvelin MR, Zeggini E, Gieger C, Chambers JC, Wareham NJ, Munroe PB, Franks PW, Samani NJ, Deloukas P. Analysis with the exome array identifies multiple new independent variants in lipid loci. Hum Mol Genet 2016; 25:4094-4106. [PMID: 27466198 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been hypothesized that low frequency (1-5% minor allele frequency (MAF)) and rare (<1% MAF) variants with large effect sizes may contribute to the missing heritability in complex traits. Here, we report an association analysis of lipid traits (total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol triglycerides) in up to 27 312 individuals with a comprehensive set of low frequency coding variants (ExomeChip), combined with conditional analysis in the known lipid loci. No new locus reached genome-wide significance. However, we found a new lead variant in 26 known lipid association regions of which 16 were >1000-fold more significant than the previous sentinel variant and not in close LD (six had MAF <5%). Furthermore, conditional analysis revealed multiple independent signals (ranging from 1 to 5) in a third of the 98 lipid loci tested, including rare variants. Addition of our novel associations resulted in between 1.5- and 2.5-fold increase in the proportion of heritability explained for the different lipid traits. Our findings suggest that rare coding variants contribute to the genetic architecture of lipid traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stavroula Kanoni
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Nicholas G D Masca
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK.,NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Kathleen E Stirrups
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.,Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Tibor V Varga
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, MA 02142, USA.,Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Helen R Warren
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.,NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Robert A Scott
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Lorraine Southam
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK.,Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Middlesex, UK
| | - Hanieh Yaghootkar
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Martina Müller-Nurasyid
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexessander Couto Alves
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Health Protection Agency (HPE) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Rona J Strawbridge
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lazaros Lataniotis
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Nikman An Hashim
- Section of Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Céline Besse
- CEA, Institut de Génomique, Centre National de Génotypage, Evry, France
| | - Anne Boland
- CEA, Institut de Génomique, Centre National de Génotypage, Evry, France
| | - Peter S Braund
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK.,NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
| | - John M Connell
- Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - Anna Dominiczak
- Division of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Western Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| | - Aliki-Eleni Farmaki
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Stephen Franks
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, London, UK
| | - Harald Grallert
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jan-Håkan Jansson
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Skellefteå Research Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | | | - Angela Matchan
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Dorota Pasko
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Annette Peters
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Neil Poulter
- International Centre for Circulatory Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Nigel W Rayner
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK.,Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK.,Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Frida Renström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö, Sweden.,Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Olov Rolandsson
- Department of Public Health & Clinical Medicine, Section for Family Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Maria Sabater-Lleal
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bengt Sennblad
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Sever
- International Centre for Circulatory Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Denis Shields
- Complex and Adaptive Systems Laboratory, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Angela Silveira
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alice V Stanton
- Molecular & Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Stephens Green, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Maciej Tomaszewski
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK.,NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
| | | | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Alexandra I F Blakemore
- Section of Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, UK
| | - George Dedoussis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Stefan A Escher
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jaspal S Kooner
- Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Middlesex, UK.,Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.,National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mark I McCarthy
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK.,Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Oxford National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Colin N A Palmer
- Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | | | - Anders Hamsten
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mark J Caulfield
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.,NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Timothy M Frayling
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Martin D Tobin
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Health Protection Agency (HPE) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Children and Young People and Families, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - John C Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Middlesex, UK.,Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Nick J Wareham
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Patricia B Munroe
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.,NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Paul W Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö, Sweden.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Public Health & Clinical Medicine, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Nilesh J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK .,NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Panos Deloukas
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK .,Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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4
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Andersson J, Wennberg P, Lundblad D, Escher SA, Jansson JH. Diabetes mellitus, high BMI and low education level predict sudden cardiac death within 24 hours of incident myocardial infarction. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2016; 23:1814-1820. [DOI: 10.1177/2047487316659574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Andersson
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Skellefteå Research Unit, Umeå University, Sweden
| | - Patrik Wennberg
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Family Medicine, Umeå University, Sweden
| | - Dan Lundblad
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Sunderby Research Unit, Umeå University, Sweden
| | - Stefan A Escher
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Sweden
| | - Jan-Håkan Jansson
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Skellefteå Research Unit, Umeå University, Sweden
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5
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Stitziel NO, Stirrups KE, Masca NGD, Erdmann J, Ferrario PG, König IR, Weeke PE, Webb TR, Auer PL, Schick UM, Lu Y, Zhang H, Dube MP, Goel A, Farrall M, Peloso GM, Won HH, Do R, van Iperen E, Kanoni S, Kruppa J, Mahajan A, Scott RA, Willenberg C, Braund PS, van Capelleveen JC, Doney ASF, Donnelly LA, Asselta R, Merlini PA, Duga S, Marziliano N, Denny JC, Shaffer CM, El-Mokhtari NE, Franke A, Gottesman O, Heilmann S, Hengstenberg C, Hoffman P, Holmen OL, Hveem K, Jansson JH, Jöckel KH, Kessler T, Kriebel J, Laugwitz KL, Marouli E, Martinelli N, McCarthy MI, Van Zuydam NR, Meisinger C, Esko T, Mihailov E, Escher SA, Alver M, Moebus S, Morris AD, Müller-Nurasyid M, Nikpay M, Olivieri O, Lemieux Perreault LP, AlQarawi A, Robertson NR, Akinsanya KO, Reilly DF, Vogt TF, Yin W, Asselbergs FW, Kooperberg C, Jackson RD, Stahl E, Strauch K, Varga TV, Waldenberger M, Zeng L, Kraja AT, Liu C, Ehret GB, Newton-Cheh C, Chasman DI, Chowdhury R, Ferrario M, Ford I, Jukema JW, Kee F, Kuulasmaa K, Nordestgaard BG, Perola M, Saleheen D, Sattar N, Surendran P, Tregouet D, Young R, Howson JMM, Butterworth AS, Danesh J, Ardissino D, Bottinger EP, Erbel R, Franks PW, Girelli D, Hall AS, Hovingh GK, Kastrati A, Lieb W, Meitinger T, Kraus WE, Shah SH, McPherson R, Orho-Melander M, Melander O, Metspalu A, Palmer CNA, Peters A, Rader D, Reilly MP, Loos RJF, Reiner AP, Roden DM, Tardif JC, Thompson JR, Wareham NJ, Watkins H, Willer CJ, Kathiresan S, Deloukas P, Samani NJ, Schunkert H. Coding Variation in ANGPTL4, LPL, and SVEP1 and the Risk of Coronary Disease. N Engl J Med 2016; 374:1134-44. [PMID: 26934567 PMCID: PMC4850838 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1507652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 359] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The discovery of low-frequency coding variants affecting the risk of coronary artery disease has facilitated the identification of therapeutic targets. METHODS Through DNA genotyping, we tested 54,003 coding-sequence variants covering 13,715 human genes in up to 72,868 patients with coronary artery disease and 120,770 controls who did not have coronary artery disease. Through DNA sequencing, we studied the effects of loss-of-function mutations in selected genes. RESULTS We confirmed previously observed significant associations between coronary artery disease and low-frequency missense variants in the genes LPA and PCSK9. We also found significant associations between coronary artery disease and low-frequency missense variants in the genes SVEP1 (p.D2702G; minor-allele frequency, 3.60%; odds ratio for disease, 1.14; P=4.2×10(-10)) and ANGPTL4 (p.E40K; minor-allele frequency, 2.01%; odds ratio, 0.86; P=4.0×10(-8)), which encodes angiopoietin-like 4. Through sequencing of ANGPTL4, we identified 9 carriers of loss-of-function mutations among 6924 patients with myocardial infarction, as compared with 19 carriers among 6834 controls (odds ratio, 0.47; P=0.04); carriers of ANGPTL4 loss-of-function alleles had triglyceride levels that were 35% lower than the levels among persons who did not carry a loss-of-function allele (P=0.003). ANGPTL4 inhibits lipoprotein lipase; we therefore searched for mutations in LPL and identified a loss-of-function variant that was associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease (p.D36N; minor-allele frequency, 1.9%; odds ratio, 1.13; P=2.0×10(-4)) and a gain-of-function variant that was associated with protection from coronary artery disease (p.S447*; minor-allele frequency, 9.9%; odds ratio, 0.94; P=2.5×10(-7)). CONCLUSIONS We found that carriers of loss-of-function mutations in ANGPTL4 had triglyceride levels that were lower than those among noncarriers; these mutations were also associated with protection from coronary artery disease. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health and others.).
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6
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Hellman U, Lundgren HE, Westermark P, Stafberg C, Nahi H, Tachlinski S, Guggi M, Flogegård M, Hamid M, Escher SA, Suhr OB. A genealogical and clinical study of the phenotypical variation within the Swedish transthyretin His88Arg (p. His108Arg) amyloidosis family. Eur J Med Genet 2015; 58:211-5. [PMID: 25721874 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2015.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED In 2005 we reported the first case of transthyretin His88Arg (p. His108Arg) amyloidosis, a mutation characterised by cardiomyopathy. Six additional gene carriers of whom five have clinical symptoms of disease have now been identified in Sweden, and we have been able to identify a possible founder and to characterise the Swedish phenotype of the transthyretin (TTR) His88Arg mutation. Genealogical studies of church records were used to identify the individuals with the disease and their families. Routine clinical investigations of neurological and heart manifestation of the disease were utilised. We found that genealogically all seven individuals were related and originated from the same region in Sweden. Amyloid deposits were demonstrated in biopsies and the TTR His88Arg mutation was identified in all patients. Patients had a late onset disease (≥ 50 years of age) and all exhibited a severe amyloid cardiomyopathy. A pronounced peripheral axonal neuropathy was with certainty demonstrated in one patient only, who also was operated for a magnetic resonance confirmed spinal stenosis, however, without any effect on his neurological symptoms. Five of the patients had carpal tunnel syndrome. The first reported case is now deceased from cardiac failure. One patient has had a sequential heart and liver transplantation. One gene carrier had no symptoms or findings of disease on latest evaluation at the age of 44. IN CONCLUSION the Swedish TTRHis88Arg patients all have a common Swedish founder. Cardiomyopathy with heart failure, as well as carpal tunnel syndrome and spinal stenosis were early signs of disease; but peripheral neuropathy was present in one patient before symptoms of cardiomyopathy so the phenotypical presentation of this mutation is variable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urban Hellman
- Cardiology, Heart Centre and Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Hans-Erik Lundgren
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Per Westermark
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Hareth Nahi
- Department of Haematology, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | | | - Michael Guggi
- Department of Cardiology, Falu Lasarett, Falun, Sweden
| | - Max Flogegård
- Department of Medicine, Falu Lasarett, Falun, Sweden
| | - Mehmet Hamid
- Department of Cardiology, Mälarsjukhuset, Eskildtuna, Sweden
| | - Stefan A Escher
- Department of Clinical Science, Genetic & Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ole B Suhr
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
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7
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Wessel J, Chu AY, Willems SM, Wang S, Yaghootkar H, Brody JA, Dauriz M, Hivert MF, Raghavan S, Lipovich L, Hidalgo B, Fox K, Huffman JE, An P, Lu Y, Rasmussen-Torvik LJ, Grarup N, Ehm MG, Li L, Baldridge AS, Stančáková A, Abrol R, Besse C, Boland A, Bork-Jensen J, Fornage M, Freitag DF, Garcia ME, Guo X, Hara K, Isaacs A, Jakobsdottir J, Lange LA, Layton JC, Li M, Hua Zhao J, Meidtner K, Morrison AC, Nalls MA, Peters MJ, Sabater-Lleal M, Schurmann C, Silveira A, Smith AV, Southam L, Stoiber MH, Strawbridge RJ, Taylor KD, Varga TV, Allin KH, Amin N, Aponte JL, Aung T, Barbieri C, Bihlmeyer NA, Boehnke M, Bombieri C, Bowden DW, Burns SM, Chen Y, Chen YD, Cheng CY, Correa A, Czajkowski J, Dehghan A, Ehret GB, Eiriksdottir G, Escher SA, Farmaki AE, Frånberg M, Gambaro G, Giulianini F, Goddard WA, Goel A, Gottesman O, Grove ML, Gustafsson S, Hai Y, Hallmans G, Heo J, Hoffmann P, Ikram MK, Jensen RA, Jørgensen ME, Jørgensen T, Karaleftheri M, Khor CC, Kirkpatrick A, Kraja AT, Kuusisto J, Lange EM, Lee IT, Lee WJ, Leong A, Liao J, Liu C, Liu Y, Lindgren CM, Linneberg A, Malerba G, Mamakou V, Marouli E, Maruthur NM, Matchan A, McKean-Cowdin R, McLeod O, Metcalf GA, Mohlke KL, Muzny DM, Ntalla I, Palmer ND, Pasko D, Peter A, Rayner NW, Renström F, Rice K, Sala CF, Sennblad B, Serafetinidis I, Smith JA, Soranzo N, Speliotes EK, Stahl EA, Stirrups K, Tentolouris N, Thanopoulou A, Torres M, Traglia M, Tsafantakis E, Javad S, Yanek LR, Zengini E, Becker DM, Bis JC, Brown JB, Adrienne Cupples L, Hansen T, Ingelsson E, Karter AJ, Lorenzo C, Mathias RA, Norris JM, Peloso GM, Sheu WHH, Toniolo D, Vaidya D, Varma R, Wagenknecht LE, Boeing H, Bottinger EP, Dedoussis G, Deloukas P, Ferrannini E, Franco OH, Franks PW, Gibbs RA, Gudnason V, Hamsten A, Harris TB, Hattersley AT, Hayward C, Hofman A, Jansson JH, Langenberg C, Launer LJ, Levy D, Oostra BA, O'Donnell CJ, O'Rahilly S, Padmanabhan S, Pankow JS, Polasek O, Province MA, Rich SS, Ridker PM, Rudan I, Schulze MB, Smith BH, Uitterlinden AG, Walker M, Watkins H, Wong TY, Zeggini E, Laakso M, Borecki IB, Chasman DI, Pedersen O, Psaty BM, Shyong Tai E, van Duijn CM, Wareham NJ, Waterworth DM, Boerwinkle E, Linda Kao WH, Florez JC, Loos RJ, Wilson JG, Frayling TM, Siscovick DS, Dupuis J, Rotter JI, Meigs JB, Scott RA, Goodarzi MO. Low-frequency and rare exome chip variants associate with fasting glucose and type 2 diabetes susceptibility. Nat Commun 2015; 6:5897. [PMID: 25631608 PMCID: PMC4311266 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Fasting glucose and insulin are intermediate traits for type 2 diabetes. Here we explore the role of coding variation on these traits by analysis of variants on the HumanExome BeadChip in 60,564 non-diabetic individuals and in 16,491 T2D cases and 81,877 controls. We identify a novel association of a low-frequency nonsynonymous SNV in GLP1R (A316T; rs10305492; MAF=1.4%) with lower FG (β=-0.09±0.01 mmol l(-1), P=3.4 × 10(-12)), T2D risk (OR[95%CI]=0.86[0.76-0.96], P=0.010), early insulin secretion (β=-0.07±0.035 pmolinsulin mmolglucose(-1), P=0.048), but higher 2-h glucose (β=0.16±0.05 mmol l(-1), P=4.3 × 10(-4)). We identify a gene-based association with FG at G6PC2 (pSKAT=6.8 × 10(-6)) driven by four rare protein-coding SNVs (H177Y, Y207S, R283X and S324P). We identify rs651007 (MAF=20%) in the first intron of ABO at the putative promoter of an antisense lncRNA, associating with higher FG (β=0.02±0.004 mmol l(-1), P=1.3 × 10(-8)). Our approach identifies novel coding variant associations and extends the allelic spectrum of variation underlying diabetes-related quantitative traits and T2D susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Wessel
- Department of Epidemiology, Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
| | - Audrey Y Chu
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts 01702, USA
| | - Sara M Willems
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CE, The Netherlands
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0SL, UK
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
| | - Hanieh Yaghootkar
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98101, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Marco Dauriz
- Massachusetts General Hospital, General Medicine Division, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Verona Medical School and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona 37126, Italy
| | - Marie-France Hivert
- Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada J1K 2R1
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Sridharan Raghavan
- Massachusetts General Hospital, General Medicine Division, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Leonard Lipovich
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
- Department of Neurology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
| | - Bertha Hidalgo
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35233, USA
| | - Keolu Fox
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Jennifer E Huffman
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts 01702, USA
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC IGMM, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Ping An
- Division of Statistical Genomics and Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63108, USA
| | - Yingchang Lu
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
- The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Laura J Rasmussen-Torvik
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Niels Grarup
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Margaret G Ehm
- Quantitative Sciences, PCPS, GlaxoSmithKline, North Carolina 27709, USA
| | - Li Li
- Quantitative Sciences, PCPS, GlaxoSmithKline, North Carolina 27709, USA
| | - Abigail S Baldridge
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Alena Stančáková
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio FI-70211, Finland
| | - Ravinder Abrol
- Department of Medicine and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Céline Besse
- CEA, Institut de Génomique, Centre National de Génotypage, 2 Rue Gaston Crémieux, EVRY Cedex 91057, France
| | - Anne Boland
- CEA, Institut de Génomique, Centre National de Génotypage, 2 Rue Gaston Crémieux, EVRY Cedex 91057, France
| | - Jette Bork-Jensen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Daniel F Freitag
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Strangeways Research Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Melissa E Garcia
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland 21224, USA
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California 90502, USA
| | - Kazuo Hara
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
- The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Aaron Isaacs
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CE, The Netherlands
| | | | - Leslie A Lange
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Jill C Layton
- Indiana University, Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
| | - Man Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Jing Hua Zhao
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0SL, UK
| | - Karina Meidtner
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal DE-14558, Germany
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77225, USA
| | - Mike A Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Marjolein J Peters
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CE, The Netherlands
- The Netherlands Genomics Initiative-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), Leiden/Rotterdam 2300 RC, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Sabater-Lleal
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-171 77, Sweden
| | - Claudia Schurmann
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
- The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Angela Silveira
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-171 77, Sweden
| | - Albert V Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Holtasmari 1, Kopavogur IS-201, Iceland
- University of Iceland, Reykjavik IS-101, Iceland
| | - Lorraine Southam
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Marcus H Stoiber
- Department of Genome Dynamics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Rona J Strawbridge
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-171 77, Sweden
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California 90502, USA
| | - Tibor V Varga
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö SE-205 02, Sweden
| | - Kristine H Allin
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Najaf Amin
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CE, The Netherlands
| | - Jennifer L Aponte
- Quantitative Sciences, PCPS, GlaxoSmithKline, North Carolina 27709, USA
| | - Tin Aung
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore 168751, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Caterina Barbieri
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Research Institute, Milano 20132, Italy
| | - Nathan A Bihlmeyer
- Predoctoral Training Program in Human Genetics, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Maryland 21205, USA
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Cristina Bombieri
- Section of Biology and Genetics, Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, University of Verona, Verona 37100, Italy
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, USA
| | - Sean M Burns
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Yuning Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
| | - Yii-DerI Chen
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California 90502, USA
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore 168751, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Office of Clinical Sciences, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Adolfo Correa
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi 39216, USA
| | - Jacek Czajkowski
- Division of Statistical Genomics and Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63108, USA
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CE, The Netherlands
| | - Georg B Ehret
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Geneva University Hospital Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | | | - Stefan A Escher
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö SE-205 02, Sweden
| | - Aliki-Eleni Farmaki
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens 17671, Greece
| | - Mattias Frånberg
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-171 77, Sweden
- Department of Numerical Analysis and Computer Science, SciLifeLab, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-106 91, Sweden
| | - Giovanni Gambaro
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Columbus-Gemelli University Hospital, Catholic University, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Franco Giulianini
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - William A Goddard
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Anuj Goel
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Omri Gottesman
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Megan L Grove
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77225, USA
| | - Stefan Gustafsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-751 85, Sweden
| | - Yang Hai
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California 90502, USA
| | - Göran Hallmans
- Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå SE-901 87, Sweden
| | - Jiyoung Heo
- Department of Biomedical Technology, Sangmyung University, Chungnam 330-720, Korea
| | - Per Hoffmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn DE-53127, Germany
- Human Genomics Research Group, Division of Medical Genetics, University Hospital Basel Department of Biomedicine 4031, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1) Genomic Imaging Research Center Juelich, Juelich DE-52425, Germany
| | - Mohammad K Ikram
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore 168751, Singapore
- Office of Clinical Sciences, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Memory Aging & Cognition Centre (MACC), National University Health System, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Richard A Jensen
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98101, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | | | - Torben Jørgensen
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup DK-2600, Denmark
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Aalborg, Aalborg DK-9220, Denmark
| | | | - Chiea C Khor
- Department of Ophthalmology, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Division of Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Andrea Kirkpatrick
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Aldi T Kraja
- Division of Statistical Genomics and Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63108, USA
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio FI-70211, Finland
| | - Ethan M Lange
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - I T Lee
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jane Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan
| | - Aaron Leong
- Massachusetts General Hospital, General Medicine Division, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Jiemin Liao
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore 168751, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Chunyu Liu
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts 01702, USA
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Department of Epidemiology & Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27106, USA
| | - Cecilia M Lindgren
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup DK-2600, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Glostrup, Glostrup DK-2600, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Giovanni Malerba
- Section of Biology and Genetics, Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, University of Verona, Verona 37100, Italy
| | - Vasiliki Mamakou
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Faculty of Medicine, Athens 115 27, Greece
- Dromokaiteio Psychiatric Hospital, Athens 124 61, Greece
| | - Eirini Marouli
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens 17671, Greece
| | - Nisa M Maruthur
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Angela Matchan
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Roberta McKean-Cowdin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90033, USA
| | - Olga McLeod
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-171 77, Sweden
| | - Ginger A Metcalf
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Donna M Muzny
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Ioanna Ntalla
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens 17671, Greece
- University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Nicholette D Palmer
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, USA
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27106, USA
| | - Dorota Pasko
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Andreas Peter
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Pathobiochemistry and Clinical Chemistry and Institute of Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases, University of Tübingen, Tübingen DE-72076, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg DE-85764, Germany
| | - Nigel W Rayner
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- The Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Frida Renström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö SE-205 02, Sweden
| | - Ken Rice
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98101, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Cinzia F Sala
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Research Institute, Milano 20132, Italy
| | - Bengt Sennblad
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-171 77, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-171 77, Sweden
| | | | - Jennifer A Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Nicole Soranzo
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
- Department of Hematology, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Elizabeth K Speliotes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Eli A Stahl
- Division of Psychiatric Genomics, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Kathleen Stirrups
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Nikos Tentolouris
- First Department of Propaedeutic and Internal Medicine, Athens University Medical School, Laiko General Hospital, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Anastasia Thanopoulou
- Diabetes Centre, 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, National University of Athens, Hippokration General Hospital, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Mina Torres
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90033, USA
| | - Michela Traglia
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Research Institute, Milano 20132, Italy
| | | | - Sundas Javad
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0SL, UK
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- The GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Eleni Zengini
- Dromokaiteio Psychiatric Hospital, Athens 124 61, Greece
- University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Diane M Becker
- The GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Joshua C Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98101, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - James B Brown
- Department of Genome Dynamics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Department of Statistics, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - L Adrienne Cupples
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts 01702, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
| | - Torben Hansen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
- Faculty of Health Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 1165, Denmark
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-751 85, Sweden
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Andrew J Karter
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Northern California Region, Oakland, California 94612, USA
| | - Carlos Lorenzo
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Rasika A Mathias
- The GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Jill M Norris
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado 80204, USA
| | - Gina M Peloso
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Wayne H.-H. Sheu
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Daniela Toniolo
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Research Institute, Milano 20132, Italy
| | - Dhananjay Vaidya
- The GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Rohit Varma
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90033, USA
| | - Lynne E Wagenknecht
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27106, USA
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam Rehbrücke, Nuthetal DE-14558, Germany
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - George Dedoussis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens 17671, Greece
| | - Panos Deloukas
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22254, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CE, The Netherlands
| | - Paul W Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö SE-205 02, Sweden
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Department of Public Health & Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå SE-901 87, Sweden
| | - Richard A Gibbs
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Holtasmari 1, Kopavogur IS-201, Iceland
- University of Iceland, Reykjavik IS-101, Iceland
| | - Anders Hamsten
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-171 77, Sweden
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland 21224, USA
| | - Andrew T Hattersley
- Genetics of Diabetes, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC IGMM, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CE, The Netherlands
| | - Jan-Håkan Jansson
- Department of Public Health & Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå SE-901 87, Sweden
- Research Unit, Skellefteå SE-931 87, Sweden
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0SL, UK
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland 21224, USA
| | - Daniel Levy
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts 01702, USA
| | - Ben A Oostra
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CE, The Netherlands
| | - Christopher J O'Donnell
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts 01702, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Stephen O'Rahilly
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UK
| | - Sandosh Padmanabhan
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - James S Pankow
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Ozren Polasek
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Split 21000, Croatia
| | - Michael A Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics and Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63108, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland EH8 9YL, UK
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal DE-14558, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg DE-85764, Germany
| | - Blair H Smith
- Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CE, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CE, The Netherlands
| | - Mark Walker
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Hugh Watkins
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Tien Y Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore 168751, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Office of Clinical Sciences, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | | | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio FI-70211, Finland
| | - Ingrid B Borecki
- Division of Statistical Genomics and Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63108, USA
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98101, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
- Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
- Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - E Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CE, The Netherlands
- Center for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden 2300, The Netherlands
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0SL, UK
| | - Dawn M Waterworth
- Genetics, PCPS, GlaxoSmithKline, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77225, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - W H Linda Kao
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Jose C Florez
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Ruth J.F. Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
- The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - James G Wilson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - Timothy M Frayling
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK
| | - David S Siscovick
- New York Academy of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Josée Dupuis
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts 01702, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California 90502, USA
| | - James B Meigs
- Massachusetts General Hospital, General Medicine Division, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Robert A Scott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0SL, UK
| | - Mark O Goodarzi
- Department of Medicine and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA
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Crosby J, Peloso GM, Auer PL, Crosslin DR, Stitziel NO, Lange LA, Lu Y, Tang ZZ, Zhang H, Hindy G, Masca N, Stirrups K, Kanoni S, Do R, Jun G, Hu Y, Kang HM, Xue C, Goel A, Farrall M, Duga S, Merlini PA, Asselta R, Girelli D, Olivieri O, Martinelli N, Yin W, Reilly D, Speliotes E, Fox CS, Hveem K, Holmen OL, Nikpay M, Farlow DN, Assimes TL, Franceschini N, Robinson J, North KE, Martin LW, DePristo M, Gupta N, Escher SA, Jansson JH, Van Zuydam N, Palmer CNA, Wareham N, Koch W, Meitinger T, Peters A, Lieb W, Erbel R, Konig IR, Kruppa J, Degenhardt F, Gottesman O, Bottinger EP, O'Donnell CJ, Psaty BM, Ballantyne CM, Abecasis G, Ordovas JM, Melander O, Watkins H, Orho-Melander M, Ardissino D, Loos RJF, McPherson R, Willer CJ, Erdmann J, Hall AS, Samani NJ, Deloukas P, Schunkert H, Wilson JG, Kooperberg C, Rich SS, Tracy RP, Lin DY, Altshuler D, Gabriel S, Nickerson DA, Jarvik GP, Cupples LA, Reiner AP, Boerwinkle E, Kathiresan S. Loss-of-function mutations in APOC3, triglycerides, and coronary disease. N Engl J Med 2014; 371:22-31. [PMID: 24941081 PMCID: PMC4180269 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1307095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 769] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasma triglyceride levels are heritable and are correlated with the risk of coronary heart disease. Sequencing of the protein-coding regions of the human genome (the exome) has the potential to identify rare mutations that have a large effect on phenotype. METHODS We sequenced the protein-coding regions of 18,666 genes in each of 3734 participants of European or African ancestry in the Exome Sequencing Project. We conducted tests to determine whether rare mutations in coding sequence, individually or in aggregate within a gene, were associated with plasma triglyceride levels. For mutations associated with triglyceride levels, we subsequently evaluated their association with the risk of coronary heart disease in 110,970 persons. RESULTS An aggregate of rare mutations in the gene encoding apolipoprotein C3 (APOC3) was associated with lower plasma triglyceride levels. Among the four mutations that drove this result, three were loss-of-function mutations: a nonsense mutation (R19X) and two splice-site mutations (IVS2+1G→A and IVS3+1G→T). The fourth was a missense mutation (A43T). Approximately 1 in 150 persons in the study was a heterozygous carrier of at least one of these four mutations. Triglyceride levels in the carriers were 39% lower than levels in noncarriers (P<1×10(-20)), and circulating levels of APOC3 in carriers were 46% lower than levels in noncarriers (P=8×10(-10)). The risk of coronary heart disease among 498 carriers of any rare APOC3 mutation was 40% lower than the risk among 110,472 noncarriers (odds ratio, 0.60; 95% confidence interval, 0.47 to 0.75; P=4×10(-6)). CONCLUSIONS Rare mutations that disrupt APOC3 function were associated with lower levels of plasma triglycerides and APOC3. Carriers of these mutations were found to have a reduced risk of coronary heart disease. (Funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and others.).
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Varga TV, Sonestedt E, Shungin D, Koivula RW, Hallmans G, Escher SA, Barroso I, Nilsson P, Melander O, Orho-Melander M, Renström F, Franks PW. Genetic determinants of long-term changes in blood lipid concentrations: 10-year follow-up of the GLACIER study. PLoS Genet 2014; 10:e1004388. [PMID: 24922540 PMCID: PMC4055682 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent genome-wide meta-analyses identified 157 loci associated with cross-sectional lipid traits. Here we tested whether these loci associate (singly and in trait-specific genetic risk scores [GRS]) with longitudinal changes in total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels in a population-based prospective cohort from Northern Sweden (the GLACIER Study). We sought replication in a southern Swedish cohort (the MDC Study; N = 2,943). GLACIER Study participants (N = 6,064) were genotyped with the MetaboChip array. Up to 3,495 participants had 10-yr follow-up data available in the GLACIER Study. The TC- and TG-specific GRSs were strongly associated with change in lipid levels (β = 0.02 mmol/l per effect allele per decade follow-up, P = 2.0×10−11 for TC; β = 0.02 mmol/l per effect allele per decade follow-up, P = 5.0×10−5 for TG). In individual SNP analysis, one TC locus, apolipoprotein E (APOE) rs4420638 (β = 0.12 mmol/l per effect allele per decade follow-up, P = 2.0×10−5), and two TG loci, tribbles pseudokinase 1 (TRIB1) rs2954029 (β = 0.09 mmol/l per effect allele per decade follow-up, P = 5.1×10−4) and apolipoprotein A-I (APOA1) rs6589564 (β = 0.31 mmol/l per effect allele per decade follow-up, P = 1.4×10−8), remained significantly associated with longitudinal changes for the respective traits after correction for multiple testing. An additional 12 loci were nominally associated with TC or TG changes. In replication analyses, the APOE rs4420638, TRIB1 rs2954029, and APOA1 rs6589564 associations were confirmed (P≤0.001). In summary, trait-specific GRSs are robustly associated with 10-yr changes in lipid levels and three individual SNPs were strongly associated with 10-yr changes in lipid levels. Although large cross-sectional studies have proven highly successful in identifying gene variants related to lipid levels and other cardiometabolic traits, very few examples of well-designed longitudinal studies exist where associations between genotypes and long-term changes in lipids have been assessed. Here we undertook analyses in the GLACIER Study to determine whether the 157 previously identified lipid-associated genes variants associate with changes in blood lipid levels over 10-yr follow-up. We identified a variant in APOE that is robustly associated with total cholesterol change and two variants in TRIB1 and APOA1 respectively that are robustly associated with triglyceride change. We replicated these findings in a second Swedish cohort (the MDC Study). The identified genes had previously been associated with cardiovascular traits such as myocardial infarction or coronary heart disease; hence, these novel lipid associations provide additional insight into the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic heart and large vessel disease. By incorporating all 157 established variants into gene scores, we also observed strong associations with 10-yr lipid changes, illustrating the polygenic nature of blood lipid deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibor V Varga
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Emily Sonestedt
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease - Genetic Epidemiology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Dmitry Shungin
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Department of Public Health & Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Robert W Koivula
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Göran Hallmans
- Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Stefan A Escher
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Inês Barroso
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; University of Cambridge, Metabolic Research Laboratories Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Diseases, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Marju Orho-Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease - Genetic Epidemiology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Frida Renström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Paul W Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Public Health & Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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10
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Kriström B, Zdunek AM, Rydh A, Jonsson H, Sehlin P, Escher SA. A novel mutation in the LIM homeobox 3 gene is responsible for combined pituitary hormone deficiency, hearing impairment, and vertebral malformations. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009; 94:1154-61. [PMID: 19126629 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2008-0325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The LIM homeobox 3 (LHX3) LIM-homeodomain transcription factor gene, found in both man and mouse, is required for development of the pituitary and motor neurons, and is also expressed in the auditory system. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to determine the cause of, and further explore, the phenotype in six patients (aged 6 months to 22 yr) with combined pituitary hormone deficiency (CPHD), restricted neck rotation, scoliosis, and congenital hearing impairment. Three of the patients also have mild autistic-like behavior. DESIGN Because patients with CPHD and restricted neck rotation have previously been shown to have mutations in the LHX3 gene, a candidate gene approach was applied, and the gene was sequenced. Neck anatomy was explored by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, including three-dimensional reformatting. RESULTS A novel, recessive, splice-acceptor site mutation was found. The predicted protein encoded by the mutated gene lacks the homeodomain and carboxyl terminus of the normal, functional protein. Genealogical studies revealed a common gene source for all six families dating back to the 17th century. Anatomical abnormalities in the occipito-atlantoaxial joints in combination with a basilar impression of the dens axis were found in all patients assessed. CONCLUSIONS This study extends both the mutations known to be responsible for LHX3-associated syndromes and their possible phenotypical consequences. Previously reported traits include CPHD and restricted neck rotation; patients examined in the present study also show a severe hearing defect. In addition, the existence of cervical vertebral malformations are revealed, responsible for the rigid neck and the development of scoliosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berit Kriström
- Department of Clinical Science, Pediatrics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
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11
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Kriström B, Zdunek AM, Rydh A, Jonsson H, Sehlin P, Escher SA. A Novel Mutation in The LHX3 Gene is Responsible for Combined Pituitary Hormone Deficiency, Hearing Impairment, and Vertebral Malformations. Mol Endocrinol 2009. [DOI: 10.1210/mend.23.2.9996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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12
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Einarsdottir E, Egerbladh I, Beckman L, Holmberg D, A. Escher S. The genetic population structure of northern Sweden and its implications for mapping genetic diseases. Hereditas 2007; 144:171-80. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2007.0018-0661.02007.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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13
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Nilsson-Ardnor S, Janunger T, Wiklund PG, Lackovic K, Nilsson AK, Lindgren P, Escher SA, Stegmayr B, Asplund K, Holmberg D. Genome-Wide Linkage Scan of Common Stroke in Families From Northern Sweden. Stroke 2007; 38:34-40. [PMID: 17122438 DOI: 10.1161/01.str.0000251643.37454.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Taking advantage of low genetic variations in northern Sweden, we performed a genome-wide linkage scan to investigate the susceptibility loci for common forms of stroke. METHODS Fifty-six families, containing multiple cases of stroke and whose data had been previously used to replicate linkage to the phosphodiesterase 4D locus on chromosome 5q, were genotyped in a genome-wide scan. Fine mapping was performed, and subsequently 53 additional families from the same region were genotyped over the candidate regions. RESULTS Linkage calculations were performed by using 3 different disease models, from a very broad (all stroke cases defined by World Health Organization MONICA criteria) to a narrower (ischemic stroke only) stroke phenotype. With all models, nonparametric multipoint linkage analysis yielded allele-sharing log of the odds (LOD) scores >1.2 at 9 locations: 1p34, 5q13, 7q35, 9q22, 9q34, 13q32, 14q32, 18p11, and 20q13. The highest allele-sharing LOD scores were obtained on chromosomes 5q (previously reported), 1p (LOD=2.09), and 18p (LOD=2.14). Fine mapping resulted in increased allele-sharing LOD scores for chromosome 5q (previously reported) and 9q22 (LOD=1.56), but all others decreased. Combining these initial results with a subsequent analysis of 53 additional families, we obtained the highest allele-sharing LOD scores on chromosomes 5q, 13q, and 18p, although none reached the initial genome-wide allele-sharing LOD scores. CONCLUSIONS Genetic analysis of stroke in families from northern Sweden did not identify any new major stroke loci. This indicates that multiple minor susceptibility loci in addition to the previously known locus on chromosome 5 could contribute to the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Nilsson-Ardnor
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Division of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Umeå University, 901 85 Umeå, Sweden
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14
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Einarsdottir E, Mayans S, Ruikka K, Escher SA, Lindgren P, Agren A, Eliasson M, Holmberg D. Linkage but not association of calpain-10 to type 2 diabetes replicated in northern Sweden. Diabetes 2006; 55:1879-83. [PMID: 16731857 DOI: 10.2337/db05-1495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
We present data from a genome-wide scan identifying genetic factors conferring susceptibility to type 2 diabetes. The linkage analysis was based on 59 families from northern Sweden, consisting of a total of 129 cases of type 2 diabetes and 19 individuals with impaired glucose tolerance. Model-free linkage analysis revealed a maximum multipoint logarithm of odds score of 3.19 for D2S2987 at 267.7 cM (P=0.00058), suggesting that a gene conferring susceptibility to type 2 diabetes in the northern Swedish population resides in the 2q37 region. These data replicate, in a European population, previously identified linkage of marker loci in this region to type 2 diabetes in Mexican Americans. In contrast, no evidence in support of association to the previously identified single nucleotide polymorphisms in the calpain-10 gene was observed in a case-control cohort derived from the same population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabet Einarsdottir
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Division of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
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Nilsson-Ardnor S, Wiklund PG, Lindgren P, Nilsson AK, Janunger T, Escher SA, Hallbeck B, Stegmayr B, Asplund K, Holmberg D. Linkage of Ischemic Stroke to the
PDE4D
Region on 5q in a Swedish Population. Stroke 2005; 36:1666-71. [PMID: 16020760 DOI: 10.1161/01.str.0000174188.04716.8d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Purpose—
Recent Icelandic studies have demonstrated linkage for common forms of stroke to chromosome 5q12 and association between phosphodiesterase4D (
PDE4D
) and ischemic stroke. Using a candidate region approach, we wanted to test the validity of these findings in a different population from northern Sweden.
Methods—
A total of 56 families with 117 affected individuals were included in the linkage study. Genotyping was performed with polymorphic microsatellite markers with an average distance of 4.5 cM on chromosome 5. In the association study, 275 cases of first-ever stroke were included together with 550 matched community controls. Polymorphisms were tested individually for association of
PDE4D
to stroke.
Results—
Maximum allele-sharing lod score in favor of linkage was observed at marker locus D5S424 (lod score=2.06;
P
=0.0010). Conditional logistic regression calculations revealed no significant association of ischemic stroke to the defined at-risk allele in
PDE4D
(odds ratio, 1.1; 95% confidence interval, 0.84 to 1.45). A protective effect may though be implied for 2 of the polymorphisms analyzed in
PDE4D
.
Conclusions—
Using a candidate region approach in a set of stroke families from northern Sweden, we have replicated linkage of stroke susceptibility to the
PDE4D
gene region on chromosome 5q. Association studies in an independent nested case-control sample from the same geographically located population suggested that different alleles confer susceptibility/protection to stroke in the Icelandic and the northern Swedish populations.
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Abstract
The length of the Thr-Gly repeat within the period gene of Drosophilids, coevolves with its immediate flanking region to maintain the temperature compensation of the fly circadian clock. In Drosophila simulans, balancing selection appears to maintain a polymorphism in this region, with three repeat lengths carrying 23, 24 or 25 Thr-Gly pairs, each in complete linkage disequilibrium with a distinctive flanking region amino acid moiety. We wondered whether separating a specific length repeat from its associated flanking haplotype might have functional implications for the circadian clock. We fortuitously discovered a population of flies collected in Kenya, in which a chimeric Thr-Gly haplotype was segregating that carried the (Thr-Gly)24 repeat, but the flanking region of a (Thr-Gly)23 allele. One of the five isofemale lines that carried this 'mutant' Thr-Gly sequence showed a dramatically long and temperature-sensitive free-running circadian period. This phenotype was mapped to the X chromosome, close to the D. simulans per gene, but there was also a significant effect of a modifying autosomal locus or loci. It seems remarkable that such a mutant phenotype should be discovered in a screen of chimeric Thr-Gly regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Rogers
- Department of Genetics, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
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Escher SA, Lambertsson A. Evolution of the dec-1 eggshell locus in Drosophila. III. Sequence comparisons of the simulans complex repeated domain reveal non-concerted evolution. Hereditas 2004; 124:111-20. [PMID: 8782432 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1996.00111.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The X-linked female sterile locus dec-1 (defective chorion-1) was examined in the closely related species D. simulans, D. mauritiana, and D. sechellia (the simulans complex). This locus encodes important eggshell proteins produced in the follicle cells during stages 9 and 12 of oogenesis. In D. melanogaster four variant protein forms have been found, differing in 2-3 kDa each. The variation is due to deletions of 1, 2, or 3 units of a 5-times repeated sequence (78 bp long) of the central coding region. The same type of deletions were found in two variants of D. simulans; in this species, however, the maximum number of repeats observed so far is four. The island species D. mauritiana and D. sechellia both have the repeat sequence repeated three times. Sequence comparisons revealed that the repeats in the simulans complex have been less homogenised by the forces of concerted evolution than the repeats in D. melanogaster. Two domains of the repetitive region that evolve at different rates and are subject to different mechanisms of DNA turnover were also defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Escher
- Department of Genetics, University of Umeå, Sweden
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18
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Escher SA, Rasmuson-Lestander A. The Drosophila glucose transporter gene: cDNA sequence, phylogenetic comparisons, analysis of functional sites and secondary structures. Hereditas 1999; 130:95-103. [PMID: 10479996 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1999.00095.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Facilitative glucose transport is mediated by members of the glucose transporter (GLUT) protein family that belong to the large superfamily of twelve transmembrane segment transporters. We have cloned and sequenced a 2,168 base-pair cDNA from Drosophila melanogaster (termed Dmglut1: GenBank accession number AF064703) with strong homology to the mammalian Glut genes. The cDNA has an open reading frame encoding a protein of 480 amino acids which shows a similarity of 68% to the human GLUT1 protein. We have done a phylogenetic analysis of the cDNA and the deduced protein sequences and found a significant homology to a putative coding sequence (Ceglut1) in Caenorhabditis elegans. Here we report the results of analyses of functional sites and secondary structures of the proposed proteins and conclude that the Dmglut1 and Ceglut1 genes encode functional glucose transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Escher
- Department of Genetics, Umeå University, Sweden
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Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated the effects of smokeless tobacco on reaction time and strength in a group of Division III athletes. METHODS Athletes were tested for simple and choice reaction time, maximum voluntary force, and maximum rate of force generation of the knee extensors on a KinCom dynamometer at 250 degrees.s-1. Smokeless tobacco-using athletes (N = 20) were tested while both using and after abstaining from smokeless tobacco. Another group of athletes (N = 20) who did not use smokeless tobacco served as a control group. RESULTS Simple and complex reaction times were not affected by smokeless tobacco use or abstention. In the simple reaction time test, maximum voluntary knee extensor force was higher in the smokeless tobacco-using group while abstaining (P < 0.05). Maximum rate of force generation in the simple reaction time test was not statistically different between the conditions. In the choice reaction test, both strength parameters (maximum force and maximum rate of force generation) were higher in the user group while abstaining (P < 0.05) compared with the using condition. The strength parameter measurements in the control group were not statistically different from the tobacco-using group, while either using or abstaining. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that smokeless tobacco use has no effect on reaction time but may detrimentally influence maximum voluntary force and maximum rate of force generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Escher
- Department of Sports Medicine, Gundersen Clinic Ltd., La Crosse, WI 54601, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Escher
- Department of Sports Medicine, Gundersen Clinic, La Crosse, Wisconsin 54650, USA
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