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Volpi S, Cicalese MP, Tuijnenburg P, Tool ATJ, Cuadrado E, Abu-Halaweh M, Ahanchian H, Alzyoud R, Akdemir ZC, Barzaghi F, Blank A, Boisson B, Bottino C, Brigida I, Caorsi R, Casanova JL, Chiesa S, Chinn IK, Dückers G, Enders A, Erichsen HC, Forbes LR, Gambin T, Gattorno M, Karimiani EG, Giliani S, Gold MS, Jacobsen EM, Jansen MH, King JR, Laxer RM, Lupski JR, Mace E, Marcenaro S, Maroofian R, Meijer AB, Niehues T, Notarangelo LD, Orange J, Pannicke U, Pearson C, Picco P, Quinn PJ, Schulz A, Seeborg F, Stray-Pedersen A, Tawamie H, van Leeuwen EMM, Aiuti A, Yeung R, Schwarz K, Kuijpers TW. A combined immunodeficiency with severe infections, inflammation, and allergy caused by ARPC1B deficiency. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019; 143:2296-2299. [PMID: 30771411 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Volpi
- Clinica Pediatrica e Reumatologia, Centro per le malattie Autoinfiammatorie e Immunodeficienze, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy; DINOGMI, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy.
| | - Maria Pia Cicalese
- Pediatric Immunohematology, San Raffaele Hospital and San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), Milan, Italy
| | - Paul Tuijnenburg
- Department of Pediatric Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anton T J Tool
- Department of Blood Cell Research, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eloy Cuadrado
- Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marwan Abu-Halaweh
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetics Engineering in Philadelphia University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Hamid Ahanchian
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Raed Alzyoud
- Queen Rania Children's Hospital, Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology Section, Bone Marrow Transplantation for Primary Immunodeficiency Disorders, Amman, Jordan
| | - Zeynep Coban Akdemir
- Baylor-Hopkins Center for Mendelian Genomics of the Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Federica Barzaghi
- Pediatric Immunohematology, San Raffaele Hospital and San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), Milan, Italy
| | - Alexander Blank
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Bertrand Boisson
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Paris, France; Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Cristina Bottino
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genova, Italy; Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Immacolata Brigida
- Pediatric Immunohematology, San Raffaele Hospital and San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Caorsi
- Clinica Pediatrica e Reumatologia, Centro per le malattie Autoinfiammatorie e Immunodeficienze, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Paris, France; Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France; Pediatric Hematology-Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, APHP, Paris, France; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY
| | - Sabrina Chiesa
- Clinica Pediatrica e Reumatologia, Centro per le malattie Autoinfiammatorie e Immunodeficienze, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Ivan Kingyue Chinn
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology & Center for Human Immunobiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Gregor Dückers
- Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Helios-Clinic, Krefeld, Germany
| | - Anselm Enders
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research and Centre for Personalised Immunology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Hans Christian Erichsen
- Section of Paediatric Medicine and Transplantation, Division of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lisa R Forbes
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology & Center for Human Immunobiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Tomasz Gambin
- Baylor-Hopkins Center for Mendelian Genomics of the Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Institute of Computer Science, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marco Gattorno
- Clinica Pediatrica e Reumatologia, Centro per le malattie Autoinfiammatorie e Immunodeficienze, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Ehsan Ghayoor Karimiani
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, United Kingdom; Innovative Medical Research Center, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Silvia Giliani
- Medical Genetics Unit and "A. Nocivelli" Institute for Molecular Medicine, Spedali Civili Hospital, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Michael S Gold
- Discipline of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide and Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Women's and Children's Health Network, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Machiel H Jansen
- Department of Pediatric Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jovanka R King
- Discipline of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide and Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Women's and Children's Health Network, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ronald M Laxer
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Paediatrics and Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - James R Lupski
- Baylor-Hopkins Center for Mendelian Genomics of the Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Emily Mace
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology & Center for Human Immunobiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Reza Maroofian
- Medical Research, RILD Welcome Wolfson Centre, Exeter Medical School, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter and Genetics and Molecular Cell Sciences Research Centre, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander B Meijer
- Department of Plasma Proteins, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tim Niehues
- Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Helios-Clinic, Krefeld, Germany
| | - Luigi D Notarangelo
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Md
| | - Jordan Orange
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology & Center for Human Immunobiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Ulrich Pannicke
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Chris Pearson
- Department of General Medicine, Women's and Children's Health Network, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Paolo Picco
- Clinica Pediatrica e Reumatologia, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Patrick J Quinn
- Discipline of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide and Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Women's and Children's Health Network, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ansgar Schulz
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Filiz Seeborg
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology & Center for Human Immunobiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Asbjørg Stray-Pedersen
- Norwegian National Unit for Newborn Screening, Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hasan Tawamie
- Institute of Human Genetics of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ester M M van Leeuwen
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- Pediatric Immunohematology, San Raffaele Hospital and San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), Milan, Italy
| | - Rae Yeung
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Paediatrics and Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Paediatrics, Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Klaus Schwarz
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Ulm, Ulm, Germany; the Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Wuerttemberg - Hessen, Ulm, Germany
| | - Taco W Kuijpers
- Department of Pediatric Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Blood Cell Research, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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Meazza R, Falco M, Marcenaro S, Loiacono F, Canevali P, Bellora F, Tuberosa C, Locatelli F, Micalizzi C, Moretta A, Mingari MC, Moretta L, Aricò M, Bottino C, Pende D. Inhibitory 2B4 contributes to NK cell education and immunological derangements in XLP1 patients. Eur J Immunol 2017; 47:1051-1061. [PMID: 28386908 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201646885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
X-linked lymphoproliferative disease 1 (XLP1) is an inherited immunodeficiency, caused by mutations in SH2D1A encoding Signaling Lymphocyte Activation Molecule (SLAM)-associated protein (SAP). In XLP1, 2B4, upon engagement with CD48, has inhibitory instead of activating function. This causes a selective inability of cytotoxic effectors to kill EBV-infected cells, with dramatic clinical sequelae. Here, we investigated the NK cell education in XLP1, upon characterization of killer Ig-like receptor (KIR)/KIR-L genotype and phenotypic repertoire of self-HLA class I specific inhibitory NK receptors (self-iNKRs). We also analyzed NK-cell cytotoxicity against CD48+ or CD48- KIR-ligand matched or autologous hematopoietic cells in XLP1 patients and healthy controls. XLP1 NK cells may show a defective phenotypic repertoire with substantial proportion of cells lacking self-iNKR. These NK cells are cytotoxic and the inhibitory 2B4/CD48 pathway plays a major role to prevent killing of CD48+ EBV-transformed B cells and M1 macrophages. Importantly, self-iNKR defective NK cells kill CD48- targets, such as mature DCs. Self-iNKR- NK cells in XLP1 patients are functional even in resting conditions, suggesting a role of the inhibitory 2B4/CD48 pathway in the education process during NK-cell maturation. Killing of autologous mature DC by self-iNKR defective XLP1 NK cells may impair adaptive responses, further exacerbating the patients' immune defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Meazza
- Dipartimento delle Terapie Oncologiche Integrate, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | - Michela Falco
- Dipartimento di Ricerca e Diagnostica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Stefania Marcenaro
- Dipartimento di Ricerca e Diagnostica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Loiacono
- Dipartimento delle Terapie Oncologiche Integrate, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy.,Dipartimento di Ricerca e Diagnostica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paolo Canevali
- Dipartimento di Ricerca e Diagnostica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesca Bellora
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Claudia Tuberosa
- Dipartimento delle Terapie Oncologiche Integrate, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy.,Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Dipartimento di Oncoematologia Pediatrica, IRCCS Ospedale Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy.,Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Concetta Micalizzi
- Dipartimento di Oncoematologia Pediatrica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Moretta
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria C Mingari
- Dipartimento delle Terapie Oncologiche Integrate, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy.,Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Moretta
- Dipartimento dei Laboratori, Area di Ricerca di Immunologia, IRCCS Ospedale Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Cristina Bottino
- Dipartimento di Ricerca e Diagnostica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.,Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Daniela Pende
- Dipartimento delle Terapie Oncologiche Integrate, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
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3
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Meazza R, Tuberosa C, Cetica V, Falco M, Parolini S, Grieve S, Griffiths GM, Sieni E, Marcenaro S, Micalizzi C, Montin D, Fagioli F, Moretta A, Mingari MC, Moretta L, Notarangelo LD, Bottino C, Aricò M, Pende D. Diagnosing XLP1 in patients with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2014; 134:1381-1387.e7. [PMID: 24985396 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Revised: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening, heterogeneous, hyperinflammmatory disorder. Prompt identification of inherited forms resulting from mutation in genes involved in cellular cytotoxicity can be crucial. X-linked lymphoproliferative disease 1 (XLP1), due to mutations in SH2D1A (Xq25) encoding signaling lymphocyte activation molecule-associated protein (SAP), may present with HLH. Defective SAP induces paradoxical inhibitory function of the 2B4 coreceptor and impaired natural killer (NK) (and T) cell response against EBV-infected cells. OBJECTIVE To characterize a cohort of patients with HLH and XLP1 for SAP expression and 2B4 function in lymphocytes, proposing a rapid diagnostic screening to direct mutation analysis. METHODS We set up rapid assays for 2B4 function (degranulation or (51)Cr-release) to be combined with intracellular SAP expression in peripheral blood NK cells. We studied 12 patients with confirmed mutation in SH2D1A and some family members. RESULTS The combined phenotypic/functional assays allowed efficient and complete diagnostic evaluation of all patients with XLP1, thus directing mutation analysis and treatment. Nine cases were SAP(-), 2 expressed SAP with mean relative fluorescence intensity values below the range of healthy controls (SAP(dull)), and 1, carrying the R55L mutation, was SAP(+). NK cells from all patients showed inhibitory 2B4 function and defective killing of B-EBV cells. Carriers with SH2D1A mutations abolishing SAP expression and low percentage of SAP(+) cells showed neutral 2B4 function at the polyclonal NK cell level. Three novel SH2D1A mutations have been identified. CONCLUSIONS Study of SAP expression is specific but may have insufficient sensitivity for screening XLP1 as a single tool. Combination with 2B4 functional assay allows identification of all cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Meazza
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Claudia Tuberosa
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy; Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Valentina Cetica
- Dipartimento Oncoematologia Pediatrica, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Meyer, Florence, Italy; Pediatric Oncology Network, Istituto Toscano Tumori (I.T.T.), Florence, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Parolini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sam Grieve
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Gillian M Griffiths
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Sieni
- Dipartimento Oncoematologia Pediatrica, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Meyer, Florence, Italy
| | | | | | - Davide Montin
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Sanità Pubblica e Pediatriche, Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Franca Fagioli
- Oncoematologia Pediatrica e Centro Trapianti, Ospedale Infantile Regina Margherita, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Moretta
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria C Mingari
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy; Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | | | | | - Cristina Bottino
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy; Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maurizio Aricò
- Dipartimento Oncoematologia Pediatrica, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Meyer, Florence, Italy; Pediatric Oncology Network, Istituto Toscano Tumori (I.T.T.), Florence, Italy.
| | - Daniela Pende
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
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Aricò M, Boggio E, Cetica V, Melensi M, Orilieri E, Clemente N, Cappellano G, Buttini S, Soluri MF, Comi C, Dufour C, Pende D, Dianzani I, Ellis SR, Pagliano S, Marcenaro S, Ramenghi U, Chiocchetti A, Dianzani U. Variations of the UNC13D gene in patients with autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome. PLoS One 2013; 8:e68045. [PMID: 23840885 PMCID: PMC3698121 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS) is caused by genetic defects decreasing Fas function and is characterized by lymphadenopathy/splenomegaly and expansion of CD4/CD8 double-negative T cells. This latter expansion is absent in the ALPS variant named Dianzani Autoimmune/lymphoproliferative Disease (DALD). In addition to the causative mutations, the genetic background influences ALPS and DALD development. We previously suggested a disease-modifying role for the perforin gene involved in familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (FHL). The UNC13D gene codes for Munc13-4, which is involved in perforin secretion and FHL development, and thus, another candidate for a disease-modifying role in ALPS and DALD. In this work, we sequenced UNC13D in 21 ALPS and 20 DALD patients and compared these results with sequences obtained from 61 healthy subjects and 38 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. We detected four rare missense variations in three heterozygous ALPS patients carrying p.Cys112Ser, p.Val781Ile, and a haplotype comprising both p.Ile848Leu and p.Ala995Pro. Transfection of the mutant cDNAs into HMC-1 cells showed that they decreased granule exocytosis, compared to the wild-type construct. An additional rare missense variation, p.Pro271Ser, was detected in a healthy subject, but this variation did not decrease Munc13-4 function. These data suggest that rare loss-of-function variations of UND13D are risk factors for ALPS development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Aricò
- Department of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Meyer Children Hospital, Firenze, Italy
| | - Elena Boggio
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), “A. Avogadro” University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, “A. Avogadro” University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Valentina Cetica
- Department of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Meyer Children Hospital, Firenze, Italy
| | - Matteo Melensi
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), “A. Avogadro” University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, “A. Avogadro” University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Orilieri
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), “A. Avogadro” University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, “A. Avogadro” University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Nausicaa Clemente
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), “A. Avogadro” University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, “A. Avogadro” University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cappellano
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), “A. Avogadro” University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, “A. Avogadro” University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Sara Buttini
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), “A. Avogadro” University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine, "A. Avogadro" University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Maria Felicia Soluri
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), “A. Avogadro” University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, “A. Avogadro” University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Cristoforo Comi
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), “A. Avogadro” University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine, "A. Avogadro" University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | | | | | - Irma Dianzani
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), “A. Avogadro” University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, “A. Avogadro” University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Steven R. Ellis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Sara Pagliano
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Ugo Ramenghi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Annalisa Chiocchetti
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), “A. Avogadro” University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, “A. Avogadro” University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Umberto Dianzani
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), “A. Avogadro” University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, “A. Avogadro” University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
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5
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Mencoboni M, Michelazzi L, Cioè A, Bruzzone A, Delcorso L, Mortara V, Marroni P, Dini G, Marcenaro S, Spigno F. Mesothelin and Individual Characteristics in a Cohort of Asbestos Exposed Workers. Ann Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(20)32756-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Cetica V, Santoro A, Gilmour KC, Sieni E, Beutel K, Pende D, Marcenaro S, Koch F, Grieve S, Wheeler R, Zhao F, zur Stadt U, Griffiths GM, Aricò M. STXBP2 mutations in children with familial haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis type 5. J Med Genet 2010; 47:595-600. [PMID: 20798128 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2009.075341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Familial haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (FHL) is a rare immune deficiency with uncontrolled inflammation; the clinical course usually starts within the first years of life, and is usually fatal unless promptly treated and then cured with haematopoietic stem cell transplant. FHL is caused by genetic mutations resulting in defective cell cytotoxicity; three disease related genes have been identified to date: perforin, Munc13-4 and syntaxin-11. A fourth gene, STXBP2, has been identified very recently as responsible for a defect in Munc18-2 in FHL-5. AIMS To describe the result of the screening of families with HLH and previously unassigned genetic defects. METHODS Patients with HLH diagnosed according to current diagnostic criteria, and who lacked mutations in the PRF1, Munc13-4, and STX11 genes were sequenced for mutations in STXBP2. Functional study was performed when material was available. RESULTS Among the 28 families investigated, 4 (14%) with biallelic STXBP2 mutations were identified. They originated from Italy, England, Kuwait and Pakistan. The p.Pro477Leu resulting from c.1430C>T, and p.Arg405Gln resulting from the single c.1214G>A nucleotide change are known, while we contribute two novel mutations: p.Glu132Ala resulting from c.395A>C, and p.Gly541Ser, resulting from c.1621G>A. The detrimental effect of the p.Gly541Ser mutation was documented biochemically and functionally in NK and CD8 cells. Additional polymorphisms are also described. CONCLUSION These data expand current knowledge on the genetic heterogeneity of FHL and suggest that patients with FHL5 may have different results in degranulation assays under different conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Cetica
- Department Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Meyer, Florence, Italy
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Falco M, Romeo E, Marcenaro S, Martini S, Vitale M, Bottino C, Mingari MC, Moretta L, Moretta A, Pende D. Combined Genotypic and Phenotypic Killer Cell Ig-Like Receptor Analyses Reveal KIR2DL3 Alleles Displaying Unexpected Monoclonal Antibody Reactivity: Identification of the Amino Acid Residues Critical for Staining. J I 2010; 185:433-41. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0903632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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8
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Marcenaro S, Gallo F, Martini S, Santoro A, Griffiths GM, Aricó M, Moretta L, Pende D. Analysis of natural killer-cell function in familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (FHL): defective CD107a surface expression heralds Munc13-4 defect and discriminates between genetic subtypes of the disease. Blood 2006; 108:2316-23. [PMID: 16778144 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2006-04-015693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells from patients with familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis because of PRF1 (FHL2, n = 5) or MUNC13-4 (FHL3, n = 8) mutations were cultured in IL-2 prior to their use in various functional assays. Here, we report on the surface CD107a expression as a novel rapid tool for identification of patients with Munc13-4 defect. On target interaction and degranulation, FHL3 NK cells displayed low levels of surface CD107a staining, in contrast to healthy control subjects or perforin-deficient NK cells. B-EBV cell lines and dendritic cell targets reveal the FHL3 NK-cell defect, whereas highly susceptible tumor targets were partially lysed by FHL3 NK cells expressing only trace amounts of Munc13-4 protein. Perforin-deficient NK cells were completely devoid of any ability to lyse target cells. Cytokine production induced by mAb-crosslinking of triggering receptors was comparable in patients and healthy control subjects. However, when cytokine production was induced by coculture with 721.221 B-EBV cells, FHL NK cells resulted in high producers, whereas control cells were almost ineffective. This could reflect survival versus elimination of B-EBV cells (ie, the source of NK-cell stimulation) in patients versus healthy control subjects, thus mimicking the pathophysiologic scenario of FHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Marcenaro
- Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy; the Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, Oxford, United Kingdom
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9
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Pende D, Castriconi R, Romagnani P, Spaggiari GM, Marcenaro S, Dondero A, Lazzeri E, Lasagni L, Martini S, Rivera P, Capobianco A, Moretta L, Moretta A, Bottino C. Expression of the DNAM-1 ligands, Nectin-2 (CD112) and poliovirus receptor (CD155), on dendritic cells: relevance for natural killer-dendritic cell interaction. Blood 2005; 107:2030-6. [PMID: 16304049 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2005-07-2696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we demonstrate the involvement of DNAM-1-triggering receptor and its ligands, poliovirus receptor (PVR) and Nectin-2, in natural killer (NK) cell-mediated lysis of dendritic cells (DCs). The surface expression of both ligands was up-regulated in DCs as compared to monocytes. It reached maximal densities after DC maturation induced by different stimuli including lipopolysaccharide (LPS), poly I:C, flagellin, and CD40L. Both immunohistochemical analysis and confocal microscopy revealed expression of DNAM-1 ligands by DCs in lymph nodes in which they were localized in the parafollicular T-cell region and surrounded the high endothelial venules. Remarkably, in cytolytic assays, DNAM-1 cooperated with NKp30 in the NK-mediated killing of both immature and mature DCs and the degree of contribution of DNAM-1 appeared to correlate with the surface densities of its specific ligands PVR and Nectin-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Pende
- Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, L.go R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy.
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10
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Trambas C, Gallo F, Pende D, Marcenaro S, Moretta L, De Fusco C, Santoro A, Notarangelo L, Arico M, Griffiths GM. A single amino acid change, A91V, leads to conformational changes that can impair processing to the active form of perforin. Blood 2005; 106:932-7. [PMID: 15741215 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2004-09-3713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the perforin gene have been found in patients with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), a rare autosomal recessive disease. We describe a patient expressing perforin with amino acid changes A91V and W374X. The ability of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and natural killer (NK) cells to lyse target cells is greatly reduced. Here we demonstrate that perforin from this patient is not recognized using an antibody raised against native perforin (deltaG9), but is readily detected using an antibody raised against a peptide epitope (2d4), suggesting that the epitope recognized by deltaG9 is destroyed by the change at A91V. Immunoblotting reveals no protein corresponding to the truncated transcript encoded by W374X, revealing that only perforin with the A91V change is expressed in CTLs from the patient. Patient CTLs show bands corresponding to the immature and intermediate forms of perforin, but the mature active form of perforin is absent or barely detectable. The conformational changes and impaired cleavage of A91V perforin are likely to explain the reduced cytotoxicity in CTLs and NK cells from this patient and are likely to contribute to the pathogenesis of HLH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Trambas
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, South Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom
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11
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Pende D, Bottino C, Castriconi R, Cantoni C, Marcenaro S, Rivera P, Spaggiari GM, Dondero A, Carnemolla B, Reymond N, Mingari MC, Lopez M, Moretta L, Moretta A. PVR (CD155) and Nectin-2 (CD112) as ligands of the human DNAM-1 (CD226) activating receptor: involvement in tumor cell lysis. Mol Immunol 2005; 42:463-9. [PMID: 15607800 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2004.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The capability of NK lymphocytes to kill tumor cells depends on different receptors/ligands interactions. In order to identify the cellular ligands recognized by "orphan" triggering receptors, mice were immunized with NK susceptible target cells. mAbs were selected that inhibited NK cytotoxicity and recognized two different molecules of 70 and 60-65 kDa. Tryptic digestion and mass spectra analysis of purified proteins identified these molecules as PVR and Nectin-2, respectively. PVR-Fc and Nectin-2-Fc chimeric molecules stained COS-7 cells expressing the DNAM-1 activating receptor and conversely, PVR and Nectin-2 CHO-K cell transfectants were stained by DNAM-1-Fc. Thus, both PVR and Nectin-2 represent specific ligands for DNAM-1. Importantly, the specific interaction between DNAM-1 (in NK cells) and PVR or Nectin-2 (in target cells) enhanced the NK-mediated lysis of tumor cells that was downregulated by mAb-mediated masking of the receptor or its ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Pende
- Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, L.go R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy.
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12
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Pende D, Spaggiari GM, Marcenaro S, Martini S, Rivera P, Capobianco A, Falco M, Lanino E, Pierri I, Zambello R, Bacigalupo A, Mingari MC, Moretta A, Moretta L. Analysis of the receptor-ligand interactions in the natural killer-mediated lysis of freshly isolated myeloid or lymphoblastic leukemias: evidence for the involvement of the Poliovirus receptor (CD155) and Nectin-2 (CD112). Blood 2004; 105:2066-73. [PMID: 15536144 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2004-09-3548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 300] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
On the basis of recent clinical and experimental data, natural killer (NK) cells appear to play a crucial role in eradication of acute myeloid leukemias. In the present study, by exploiting our current knowledge on NK receptors and their ligands on target cells, we investigated the interactions between NK and leukemic cells. We show that the size of the NK cell subset expressing the killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) not engaged by the HLA-class I alleles of the patient parallels the degree of NK cytotoxicity against leukemic cells. A sharp down-regulation of HLA-class I molecules has been detected in various leukemias and it was more frequent in myeloid than in lymphoblastic leukemias. Analysis of the ligands for triggering NK receptors revealed the consistent expression of Poliovirus receptor (PVR) and Nectin-2 in myeloid leukemias. In contrast, major histocompatibility complex class I-related chain molecules A/B (MICA/B) and UL1b-binding protein (ULBPs) were either absent or weakly expressed. Accordingly, NK-mediated lysis of these leukemias was dependent on DNAM-1 but not NKG2D. The major role of NKp46 and NKp30 was also confirmed. The expression of PVR and/or Nectin-2 was less frequent in lymphoblastic leukemias. In most leukemias, both CD48 and NTBA were down-regulated. The correlation found between marker expression and susceptibility to lysis may reveal useful information for NK-based immunotherapy.
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MESH Headings
- Cell Communication
- Cells, Cultured
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/metabolism
- Humans
- Interleukin-2 Receptor beta Subunit
- Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism
- Killer Cells, Natural/physiology
- Leukemia, Lymphoid/pathology
- Leukemia, Myeloid/pathology
- Ligands
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Receptors, Immunologic/metabolism
- Receptors, Interleukin/metabolism
- Receptors, KIR
- Receptors, Virus/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Pende
- Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, L.go R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy.
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13
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Lozupone F, Pende D, Burgio VL, Castelli C, Spada M, Venditti M, Luciani F, Lugini L, Federici C, Ramoni C, Rivoltini L, Parmiani G, Belardelli F, Rivera P, Marcenaro S, Moretta L, Fais S. Effect Of Human Natural Killer and γδ T Cells on the Growth of Human Autologous Melanoma Xenografts in SCID Mice. Cancer Res 2004; 64:378-85. [PMID: 14729648 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-03-1501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells were first identified for their ability to kill tumor cells of different origin in vitro. Similarly, gammadelta T lymphocytes display strong cytotoxic activity against various tumor cell lines. However, the ability of both the NK and gammadelta cells to mediate natural immune response against human malignant tumors in vivo is still poorly defined. Severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice have been successfully engrafted with human tumors. In this study, the antitumor effect of local as well as of systemic treatments based on NK cells or Vdelta1 or Vdelta2 gamma/delta T lymphocytes against autologous melanoma cells was investigated in vivo. The results show that all three of the populations were effective in preventing growth of autologous human melanomas when both tumor and lymphoid cells were s.c. inoculated at the same site. However, when lymphoid cells were infused i.v., only NK cells and Vdelta1 gamma/delta T lymphocytes could either prevent or inhibit the s.c. growth of autologous melanoma. Accordingly, both NK cells and Vdelta1 gammadelta T lymphocytes could be detected at the s.c. tumor site. In contrast, Vdelta2 gammadelta T lymphocytes were only detectable in the spleen of the SCID mice. Moreover, NK cells maintained their inhibitory effect on tumor growth even after discontinuation of the treatment. Indeed they were present at the tumor site for a longer period. These data support the possibility to exploit NK cells and Vdelta1 gammadelta T lymphocytes in tumor immunotherapy. Moreover, our study emphasizes the usefulness of human tumor/SCID mouse models for preclinical evaluation of immunotherapy protocols against human tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Lozupone
- Laboratories of Immunology and Virology, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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14
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Bottino C, Castriconi R, Pende D, Rivera P, Nanni M, Carnemolla B, Cantoni C, Grassi J, Marcenaro S, Reymond N, Vitale M, Moretta L, Lopez M, Moretta A. Identification of PVR (CD155) and Nectin-2 (CD112) as cell surface ligands for the human DNAM-1 (CD226) activating molecule. J Exp Med 2003; 198:557-67. [PMID: 12913096 PMCID: PMC2194180 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20030788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 664] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Human natural killer (NK) cells express a series of activating receptors and coreceptors that are involved in recognition and killing of target cells. In this study, in an attempt to identify the cellular ligands for such triggering surface molecules, mice were immunized with NK-susceptible target cells. On the basis of a functional screening, four mAbs were selected that induced a partial down-regulation of the NK-mediated cytotoxicity against the immunizing target cells. As revealed by biochemical analysis, three of such mAbs recognized molecules of approximately 70 kD. The other mAb reacted with two distinct molecules of approximately 65 and 60 kD, respectively. Protein purification followed by tryptic digestion and mass spectra analysis, allowed the identification of the 70 kD and the 65/60 kD molecules as PVR (CD155) and Nectin-2 delta/alpha (CD112), respectively. PVR-Fc and Nectin-2-Fc soluble hybrid molecules brightly stained COS-7 cells transfected with the DNAM-1 (CD226) construct, thus providing direct evidence that both PVR and Nectin-2 represent specific ligands for the DNAM-1 triggering receptor. Finally, the surface expression of PVR or Nectin-2 in cell transfectants resulted in DNAM-1-dependent enhancement of NK-mediated lysis of these target cells. This lysis was inhibited or even virtually abrogated upon mAb-mediated masking of DNAM-1 (on NK cells) or PVR or Nectin-2 ligands (on cell transfectants).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Bottino
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sezione di Istologia, Via G.B. Marsano 10, 16132 Genova, Italy.
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15
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Pende D, Rivera P, Marcenaro S, Chang CC, Biassoni R, Conte R, Kubin M, Cosman D, Ferrone S, Moretta L, Moretta A. Major histocompatibility complex class I-related chain A and UL16-binding protein expression on tumor cell lines of different histotypes: analysis of tumor susceptibility to NKG2D-dependent natural killer cell cytotoxicity. Cancer Res 2002; 62:6178-86. [PMID: 12414645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
NKG2D, together with NKp46 and NKp30, represents a major triggering receptor involved in the induction of cytotoxicity by both resting and activated human natural killer cells. In this study, we analyzed the expression and the functional relevance of MHC class I-related chain A (MICA) and UL16 binding protein (ULBP), the major cellular ligands for human NKG2D, in human tumor cell lines of different histological origin. We show that MICA and ULBP are frequently coexpressed by carcinoma cell lines, whereas MICA is expressed more frequently than ULBP by melanoma cell lines. Interestingly, the MICA(-) ULBP(+) phenotype was detected in most T cell leukemia cell lines, whereas the MICA(-) ULBP(-) phenotype characterized all acute myeloid leukemia and most B-cell lymphoma cell lines analyzed. These results, together with functional experiments, based on monoclonal antibody-mediated blocking of either NKG2D or its ligands, showed that killing of certain MICA(-) cell tumors is at least in part NKG2D dependent. Indeed, leukemic T cells as well as certain B-cell lymphomas were killed in a NKG2D-dependent fashion upon recognition of ULBP molecules. Moreover, ULBP could induce NKG2D-mediated NK cell triggering also in tumors coexpressing MICA. Our data suggest that the involvement of NKG2D in natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity strictly correlates with the expression and the surface density of MICA and ULBP on target cell tumors of different histotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Pende
- Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, 16132 Genova, Italy
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16
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Spaggiari GM, Carosio R, Pende D, Marcenaro S, Rivera P, Zocchi MR, Moretta L, Poggi A. NK cell-mediated lysis of autologous antigen-presenting cells is triggered by the engagement of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase upon ligation of the natural cytotoxicity receptors NKp30 and NKp46. Eur J Immunol 2001; 31:1656-65. [PMID: 11385609 DOI: 10.1002/1521-4141(200106)31:6<1656::aid-immu1656>3.0.co;2-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-2 (IL-2)-activated polyclonal or clonal NK cells lysed autologous antigen presenting cells (APC) through the engagement of the natural cytotoxicity receptors (NCR) NKp30 and NKp46. NK cell-mediated cytolysis of APC correlated with the surface density of these NCR. Indeed, NK cell clones bearing low amounts of NKp30 and NKp46 did not lyse autologous APC, whereas NK cell clones with bright expression of these NCR efficiently killed autologous APC. Upon masking of NKp30 or NKp46 by specific monoclonal antibodies a strong reduction (by 50%) of APC lysis could be detected and the complete inhibition was achieved by the simultaneous masking of these NCR. Interestingly, NK cell-mediated APC lysis was impaired by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI-3 K) inhibitors LY294002 or wortmannin. Similarly, these drugs strongly reduced NK cell activation triggered by NKp30 or NKp46 in a re-directed killing assay as well as the activation of Akt/PKB, substrate of PI-3 K, induced by the engagement of these receptors. Altogether, these findings strongly suggest that NCR are responsible for the killing of autologous APC through the activation of PI-3 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Spaggiari
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Cancer Research Institute, Genova, Italy
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17
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Pende D, Cantoni C, Rivera P, Vitale M, Castriconi R, Marcenaro S, Nanni M, Biassoni R, Bottino C, Moretta A, Moretta L. Role of NKG2D in tumor cell lysis mediated by human NK cells: cooperation with natural cytotoxicity receptors and capability of recognizing tumors of nonepithelial origin. Eur J Immunol 2001; 31:1076-86. [PMID: 11298332 DOI: 10.1002/1521-4141(200104)31:4<1076::aid-immu1076>3.0.co;2-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
NKG2D is a recently described activating receptor expressed by both NK cells and CTL. In this study we investigated the role of NKG2D in the natural cytolysis mediated by NK cell clones. The role of NKG2D varied depending on the type of target cells analyzed. Lysis of various tumors appeared to be exclusively natural cytotoxicity receptors (NCR) dependent. In contrast, killing of another group of target cells, including not only the epithelial cell lines HELA and IGROV-1, but also the FO-1 melanoma, the JA3 leukemia, the Daudi Burkitt lymphoma and even normal PHA-induced lymphoblasts, involved both NCR and NKG2D. Notably, NK cell clones expressing low surface densities of NCR (NCR(dull)) could lyse these tumors in an exclusively NKG2D-dependent fashion. Remarkably, not all of these targets expressed MICA/B, thus implying the existence of additional ligands recognized by NKG2D, possibly represented by GPI-linked molecules. Finally, we show that the engagement of different HLA class I-specific inhibitory receptors by either specific antibodies or the appropriate HLA class I ligand led to inhibition of NKG2D-mediated NK cell triggering.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Cells, Cultured
- Clone Cells/drug effects
- Clone Cells/immunology
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic/drug effects
- Down-Regulation
- Epithelial Cells/immunology
- Epithelial Cells/pathology
- Flow Cytometry
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/immunology
- Humans
- Killer Cells, Natural/drug effects
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism
- Ligands
- Mice
- NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily K
- Neoplasms/immunology
- Neoplasms/pathology
- Phytohemagglutinins/immunology
- Phytohemagglutinins/pharmacology
- RNA, Messenger/analysis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Receptors, Immunologic/genetics
- Receptors, Immunologic/immunology
- Receptors, Natural Killer Cell
- Transfection
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- D Pende
- Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
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18
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Pende D, Cantoni C, Rivera P, Vitale M, Castriconi R, Marcenaro S, Nanni M, Biassoni R, Bottino C, Moretta A, Moretta L. Role of NKG2D in tumor cell lysis mediated by human NK cells: cooperation with natural cytotoxicity receptors and capability of recognizing tumors of nonepithelial origin. Eur J Immunol 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-4141(200104)31:4<1076::aid-immu1076>3.0.co;2-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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