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Tyagi SK, Kamboj S, Tyagi N, Narayanan R, Tyagi VV. Technological advancements in jaggery-making processes and emission reduction potential via clean combustion for sustainable jaggery production: An overview. J Environ Manage 2022; 301:113792. [PMID: 34607137 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Jaggery is a kind of unrefined non-centrifugal sugar (NCS) used mainly in Asia, Africa, Latin America, and the Caribbean. Traditionally, jaggery is produced by concentrating sugarcane juice in open pans with the help of bagasse combustion. However, due to thermal energy loss with flue gases and an unscientific approach in plant construction, jaggery plants have a poor thermal efficiency of less than 25%, poor emission characteristics, and a high bagasse consumption rate. Advanced jaggery-making techniques use solar energy and heat pumps for jaggery production. However, these techniques are in the early stage of development, and the literature indicates that these techniques should be used in conjuction with traditional ones to improve the performance of jaggery making plants. This literature review describes advances in jaggery-making methods, critically analyzed them, and provides a qualitative comparison of these methods. Further, gaps in the existing literature are identified and reported for future research direction. In addition, efforts have been made to quantify and estimate the emissions reduction and bagasse consumption potentials from the traditional jaggery industry to make this rural industry a sustainable and profitable business for rural entrepreneurs. The comparison with the recently developed clean combustion device exhibits that the harmful emissions from the jaggery industry could be reduced drastically viz. 95%-98% of PM2.5; 92%-95% of CO, and 52-60% of CO2, while saving more than 35% of bagasse consumption. Implemented at a national scale, it may reduce nearly 3% of all harmful emissions in the country, which is equally applicable elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Tyagi
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India.
| | - S Kamboj
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - N Tyagi
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - R Narayanan
- School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, QLD, 4670, Australia
| | - V V Tyagi
- School of Energy Management, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, (J&K), 182320, India
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Kerkar PG, Naik N, Alexander T, Bahl VK, Chakraborty RN, Chatterjee SS, Chopra HK, Dani SI, Deb PK, Goswami KC, Guha S, Gupta R, Gupta V, Hasija PK, Jayagopal PB, Justin Paul G, Kahali D, Katyal VK, Khanna NN, Mandal M, Mishra SS, Mohanan PP, Mullasari A, Mehta S, Pancholia AK, Ray S, Roy D, Shanmugasundarm S, Sharma S, Singh BP, Tewari S, Tyagi SK, Venugopal KN, Wander GS, Yadav R, Das MK. Cardiological Society of India: Document on acute MI care during COVID-19. Indian Heart J 2020; 72:70-74. [PMID: 32534693 PMCID: PMC7201231 DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2020.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The unprecedented and rapidly spreading Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic has challenged public health care systems globally. Based on worldwide experience, India has initiated a nationwide lockdown to prevent the exponential surge of cases. During COVID-19, management of cardiovascular emergencies like acute Myocardial Infarction (MI) may be compromised. Cardiological Society of India (CSI) has ventured in this moment of crisis to evolve a consensus document for care of acute MI. However, this care should be individualized, based on local expertise and governmental advisories.
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Affiliation(s)
- P G Kerkar
- Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - N Naik
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - T Alexander
- Kovai Medical Center and Hospital, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V K Bahl
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - R N Chakraborty
- Medica Group of Superspeciality Hospitals, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - S S Chatterjee
- Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
| | | | - S I Dani
- Apollo Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - P K Deb
- Daffodil Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - K C Goswami
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S Guha
- Calcutta Medical College Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - R Gupta
- JROP Healthcare, New Delhi, India
| | - V Gupta
- Kishori Ram Hospital & Diabetes Care Centre, India
| | - P K Hasija
- Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | | | | | - D Kahali
- BM Birla Heart Research Center, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - V K Katyal
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - N N Khanna
- Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - M Mandal
- NRS Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - S S Mishra
- Hi-Tech Medical College and Hospital, Bhubaneshwar, Odisha, India
| | - P P Mohanan
- Westfort Hi-Tech Hospital, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - A Mullasari
- Madras Medical Mission Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Mehta
- University of Miami, Florida, USA
| | | | - S Ray
- Vivekanand Institute of Medical Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - D Roy
- Rabindranath Tagore International Institute of Medical Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | | | | | - B P Singh
- Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - S Tewari
- Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - K N Venugopal
- Pushpagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, Tiruvalla, Kerala, India
| | - G S Wander
- Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - R Yadav
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - M K Das
- C K Birla Group of Hospitals (BMB and CMRI), Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Tyagi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kailashi Hospital, Meerut, India
| | - Rishi Singhal
- Consultant Bariatric & Upper GI Surgeon, University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.
- Medical Director, Healthier Weight, Birmingham, UK.
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Harikrishnan S, Mohanan PP, Chopra VK, Ambuj R, Sanjay G, Bansal M, Chakraborty RN, Chandra S, Chattarjee SS, Chopra HK, Mathew C, Deb PK, Goyal A, Goswami KC, Gupta R, Guha S, Gupta V, Hasija PK, Wardhan H, Jabir A, Jayagopal PB, Kahali D, Katyal VK, Kerkar PG, Khanna NN, Majumder B, Mandal M, Meena CB, Naik N, Narain VK, Pathak LA, Ray S, Roy D, Routray SN, Sarma D, Shanmugasundaram S, Singh BP, Tyagi SK, Venugopal K, Wander GS, Yadav R, Das MK. Cardiological society of India position statement on COVID-19 and heart failure. Indian Heart J 2020; 72:75-81. [PMID: 32405088 PMCID: PMC7219407 DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2020.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Harikrishnan
- Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, India.
| | | | | | | | - G Sanjay
- Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - P K Deb
- Daffodil Hospitals, Kolkata, India
| | - A Goyal
- Bani Park Hospital, D-9, Kabir Marg, Bani Park, JAIPUR, 302016, Rajasthan, India
| | | | - R Gupta
- JROP Institute of Echocardiography, New Delhi, India
| | - S Guha
- Medical College, Kolkata, India
| | - V Gupta
- Kishori Ram Hospital & Diabetes Care Centre, Bhatinda, Punjab, India
| | - P K Hasija
- MH Chennai, Armed Forces Medical Services, India
| | - Harsh Wardhan
- Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur, India
| | | | | | - D Kahali
- C.K.Birla Group of Hospitals (BMB), Kolkata, India
| | | | | | - N N Khanna
- Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, Sarita Vihar, New Delhi, India
| | - B Majumder
- R.G. Kar Medical College, Kolkata, India
| | - M Mandal
- NRS Medical College, Kolkata, India
| | - C B Meena
- SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | | | - V K Narain
- King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - L A Pathak
- Nanavati Superspeciality Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - S Ray
- Vivekananda Institute of Medical Sciences, Kolkata, India
| | - D Roy
- Rabindranath Tagore International Institute of Cardiac Sciences, Kolkata, India
| | | | - D Sarma
- Jorhat Christian Medical Centre Hospital, Jorhat, Assam, India
| | | | | | - S K Tyagi
- GB Pant Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | | | - M K Das
- C.K. Birla Group of Hospitals (BMB/CMRI), Kolkata, India
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Tyagi SK. Dr. Naresh Bhat, welcome the President (2017-2018) of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology. Indian J Gastroenterol 2018; 37:1-2. [PMID: 29556969 DOI: 10.1007/s12664-017-0805-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Sharma D, Gupta K, Gupta P, Tyagi SK. Heart rate variability assessment to stratify risk of autonomic imbalance during subarachnoid block: A prospective study. Anesth Essays Res 2015; 5:72-6. [PMID: 25885304 PMCID: PMC4173358 DOI: 10.4103/0259-1162.84200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hypotension after subarachnoid block is a common adverse event which can be predicted by simple, safe and indirect measure of autonomic activity. Context: Heart rate variability has been accepted as an indirect measure of autonomic activity. Aim: It was to evaluate preoperatively risk of hypotension after subarachnoid block. Setting and Design: This is controlled, randomized blind prospective study. Materials and Methods: One hundred adult patients of either sex in the age group of 25 to 60 years belonging to ASA physical status of I to III, scheduled for elective infra-umbilical surgery, were enrolled for this randomized prospective study. During preanesthetic check their HRV was analyzed for time domain and frequency domain parameters. They were classified into two groups of 50 patients each depending on their low to high frequency ratios (LF/HF). Group I included patients with LF/HF <2.5 and Group II included patients with LF/HF >2.5. Sensitivity of LF/HF for prediction of hypotension greater than 20% of baseline was tested. Result: The present study showed significant differences of systolic blood pressure (SBP) after subarachnoid block, depending on baseline LF/HF. Patients with low LF/HF showed lowest SBP of 106.08 ± 3.19 (15.22% fall of base line SBP) as compared to high LF/HF which showed 87.62 ± 8.71 (30.26% fall of base line SBP). Baseline LF/HF parameter correlated significantly with proportionate decrease in SBP after subarachnoid blocks. Statistical Analysis: Hemodynamic parameter was analyzed by using student t test on statgraphic version 5.1. Conclusion: Analysis of low and high frequency ratio, reflect autonomic control and may be used as an indirect measure for risk stratification of hypotension after subarachnoid block with high sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Sharma
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Subharti Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kumkum Gupta
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Subharti Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Prashant Gupta
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Subharti Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S K Tyagi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Subharti Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Gupta K, Gupta PK, Bansal P, Tyagi SK. Anesthetic management for Smile Train a blessing for population of low socioeconomic status: A prospective study. Anesth Essays Res 2015; 4:81-4. [PMID: 25885235 PMCID: PMC4173339 DOI: 10.4103/0259-1162.73512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The Smile Train is an international charity with an aim to restore satisfactory facial appearance and speech for poor children with cleft abnormalities who would not otherwise be helped. A total of 241 children of cleft lip and palate anomaly, scheduled for surgery under general anesthesia, were studied. Cleft abnormality requires early surgery. Ideally cleft lip in infants should be repaired within the first 6 months of age; and cleft palate, before development of speech, i.e., at the age of 2 years. But in our study, only 27% of children underwent corrective surgery by ideal age of 2 years, which may be due to ignorance, poverty or unawareness about the fact that cleft anomaly can be corrected by surgery. Context: Smile Train provides care for poor children with clefts in developing countries. The guidelines were designed to promote safe general anesthesia for cheiloplasty and palatoplasty. Aims: Smile Train promotes free surgery for cleft abnormalities to restore satisfactory facial appearance and speech. Settings and Design: This was a randomized prospective cohort observational study. Materials and Methods: A total of 241 consenting patients of American Society of Anesthesiologt (ASA) I and II aged 6 months to 20 years of either sex, scheduled for elective cheiloplasty and palatoplasty, were studied. Children suffering from anemia, fever, upper respiratory tract infections or any associated congenital anomalies were excluded. Approved guidelines of the Smile Train Medical Advisory Board were observed for general anesthesia and surgery. Statistical Analysis: The Student t test was used. Results: The infants were anemic and undernourished, and two thirds of the children were male. Only 27% of the children presented for surgery by the ideal age of 2 years. Conclusions: Pediatric anesthesia carries a high risk due to congenital anomaly and shared airway, venous access and resuscitation; however, cleft abnormality requires surgery at an early age to make the smiles of affected children more socially acceptable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumkum Gupta
- Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care, N.S.C.B. Subharti Medical College, Meerut, U.P., India
| | - Prashant K Gupta
- Department of Radio-diagnosis, Imaging & Interventional Radiology, N.S.C.B. Subharti Medical College, Meerut, U.P., India
| | - Pranav Bansal
- Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care, N.S.C.B. Subharti Medical College, Meerut, U.P., India
| | - S K Tyagi
- Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care, N.S.C.B. Subharti Medical College, Meerut, U.P., India
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Tyagi SK. The author's reply. Vet Surg 2014; 43:898. [PMID: 25258180 DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-950x.2014.12303.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Surbhi Kuldeep Tyagi
- Division of Surgery, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Tyagi SK, Aithal HP, Kinjavdekar P, Amarpal, Pawde AM, Srivastava T, Tyagi KP, Monsang SW. Comparative Evaluation ofIn VitroMechanical Properties of Different Designs of Epoxy-Pin External Skeletal Fixation Systems. Vet Surg 2014; 43:355-60. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-950x.2014.12128.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2012] [Accepted: 12/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Surbhi Kuldeep Tyagi
- Division of Surgery; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Bareilly Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Hari Prasad Aithal
- Division of Surgery; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Bareilly Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Prakash Kinjavdekar
- Division of Surgery; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Bareilly Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Amarpal
- Division of Surgery; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Bareilly Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Abhijit Motiram Pawde
- Division of Surgery; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Bareilly Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Tuhin Srivastava
- Division of Surgery; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Bareilly Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Kanti Prakash Tyagi
- Division of Surgery; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Bareilly Uttar Pradesh India
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Gupta K, Bansal P, Dev N, Tyagi SK. Smile Train project: a blessing for population of lower socio-economic status. J Indian Med Assoc 2010; 108:723-725. [PMID: 21510565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The Smile Train Project is an international charity dedicated to poor children with cleft lip and cleft palate abnormalities with an aim to restore normal or near normal anatomy, function, satisfactory facial appearance and speech. A review was done among 241 patients of cleft lip and palate anomaly, admitted at Subharti Medical College, Meerut, for cheiloplasty and palatoplasty between May 2006 and December 2008 in collaboration with the department of maxillofacial surgery and its incidence in relation to age and sex distribution. Ideally infants with cleft lip alone should be repaired within the first six months of age and cleft palate should be repaired before development of speech ie, at the age of 2 years. But in this study only 25% of patients who underwent corrective surgery were up to 2 years of age and more than 47% cases were operated between the ages of 2 and 10 years. Sixty-six cases (27%) were operated between ages of 10 and 35 years. It may be due to ignorance, poverty or unawareness about the fact that cleft anomaly can be corrected by surgery. Without repair, these children would have suffered from facial disfigurement, feeding problems, social isolation and abnormal speech. Smile Train Project along with motivation of health workers of this institute has made their smiles more socially acceptable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumkum Gupta
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Subharti Institute of Medical Sciences, Meerut 250002
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Goel KA, Awasthi AK, Tyagi SK. Comparative haematological studies in some fresh water Indian fishes. Z Tierphysiol Tierernahr Futtermittelkd 2009; 46:202-6. [PMID: 7331559 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.1981.tb01354.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Hira HS, Gupta M, Tyagi SK. Portopulmonary hypertension in a patient of autoimmune hepatitis. Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci 2005; 47:127-30. [PMID: 15832959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
A 35-year-old women presented with breathlessness and features suggestive of pulmonary hypertension. Further investigations revealed that she had autoimmune hepatitis and both portal and pulmonary hypertension. Pertinent literature is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Hira
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated LNJP Hospital, New Delhi, India.
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Hira HS, Kumar J, Tyagi SK, Jain SK. A study of hepatopulmonary syndrome among patients of cirrhosis of liver and portal hypertension. Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci 2003; 45:165-71. [PMID: 12866633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hepatopulmonary syndrome consists of a triad of hepatic dysfunction and/or portal hypertension, intrapulmonary vascular dilatations and hypoxemia. A study of hepatopulmonary syndrome among patients of cirrhosis of liver and portal hypertension was undertaken. METHODS Thirty patients participated in this study. The diagnosis of cirrhosis of liver was confirmed by liver biopsy. Arterial blood gas analysis, pulmonary function tests, two-dimensional transthoracic air contrast echocardiography were undertaken in all the patients. Those patients in whom contrast echocardiogram showed intrapulmonary vascular dilatations were classified as the positive group while others were labelled as the negative group. RESULTS Ten patients (33.33%) had a positive contrast echocardiogram; five (16.67%) of them were found to have PaO2<70 mmHg and were qualified for the diagnosis of hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS); and other five (16.67%) with PaO2>70 mmHg were diagnosed as intrapulmonary dilatations syndrome (IPVDS). Five patients of HPS revealed significant P(A-a)O2 gradient and intrapulmonary shunts of moderate severity computed by a/A ratio. Cyanosis (p=0.001), clubbing (p=0.009) and orthodeoxia (p=0.0024) were significantly commoner in the five patients of hepatopulmonary syndrome. Presence of spider naevi was significantly related with the presence of intrapulmonary vascular dilatations. CONCLUSIONS The study results showed presence of hepatopulmonary syndrome and intrapulmonary vascular dilatation syndrome among patients of portal hypertension. The presence of cyanosis, clubbing and orthodeoxia were found to be suggestive indicators of hepatopulmonary syndrome. Even though not very specific, spider naevi were found to be a useful clinical indicator for the presence of intrapulmonary vascular dilatations.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Hira
- Divisions of Pulmonary Medicine and Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College New Delhi, India
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Naik S, Aggarwal R, Naik SR, Dwivedi S, Talwar S, Tyagi SK, Duhan SD, Coursaget P. Evidence for activation of cellular immune responses in patients with acute hepatitis E. Indian J Gastroenterol 2002; 21:149-52. [PMID: 12385543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although acute hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is known to induce IgM and IgG humoral host immune responses, little is known about occurrence of cellular responses in this infection. We looked for evidence of lymphocyte sensitization to HEV peptides in patients with acute HEV infection. METHODS peripheral blood lymphocytes were obtained from patients with acute hepatitis E and healthy controls. Proliferation of these lymphocytes in the presence of each of seven peptides with amino acid sequences corresponding to open reading frames 2 and 3 proteins of HEV (3 and 4 peptides, respectively) were studied; no peptide was added to control wells. Proliferative responses with stimulation indices exceeding 3.0 were taken as positive. RESULTS More patients showed reactivity to two or more HEV peptides than did controls (11/21 vs 5/22, p<0.05). Reactivity to one peptide corresponding to open reading frame 2 of HEV was more frequent in patients than in controls (7/21 vs 1/22, p<0.05). CONCLUSION Our results show that lymphocytes of patients with acute hepatitis E show sensitization to HEV peptides. This may have significance in understanding the pathogenetic mechanisms of liver injury in this infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sita Naik
- Department of Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow.
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Tyagi SK, Mahapatra AK, Mishra NK. Transcranial Doppler evaluation of blood flow velocity changes in basal cerebral arteries in cerebral AVMs following embolisation and surgery. Neurol India 2000; 48:112-5. [PMID: 10878772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Blood flow velocities in the basal cerebral arteries were evaluated in 41 patients with supratentorial arteriovenous malformation (AVM), using a transcranial doppler 64-B instrument. The AVM was surgically excised in 20 patients and embolised in 21 patients. Blood flow velocities in feeding basal cerebral arteries were found markedly decreased in both the groups, at 24 hours after intervention. On follow up study at 3 months, blood flow velocity in feeding cerebral artery was found to be increased in 47 percent of patients who were embolised, but remained normal in all the patients who underwent surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Tyagi
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Neuroradiology, Neurosciences Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
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Abstract
Sendai virus envelopes devoid of hemagglutinin-neuraminidase but containing the fusion protein (F-virosomes) were prepared. F-virosomes exhibited discernible serine protease activity at neutral pH. Electrophoretic analysis of the protein profile of the F-virosomes under nonreducing conditions, by both sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing, led to the identification of a previously unknown glycoprotein with a relative molecular weight of 45,000 (45K protein) associated with the F protein. The identity of the 45K protein, as distinct from F protein, was established by Western blot analysis with F- and 45K-specific antibodies. This 45K protein forms a nexus with the F protein through noncovalent hydrophobic interactions, as proved by its sensitivity to urea treatment, and it is essential for the proteolytic activity of the F-virosomes as well as for the fusion of the viral envelope with host cell membrane. N-terminal sequence analysis (first 11 amino acids) of this protein showed strong homology (> 90%) to flavivirus NS3 serine proteases but no similarity to any of the Sendai viral proteins. On the basis of the N-terminal sequence, oligonucleotides were designed corresponding to the sense and antisense DNA sequences. Dot blot hybridization and primer extension with these oligonucleotides with the viral and the host genome confirmed the host origin of this protein. Further, the limited proteolytic digestion of the target membrane resulted in significant inhibition of viral fusion with it. On the basis of these results, we postulate a model for the molecular mechanism of F protein-induced membrane fusion, which may provide a rationale for other paramyxoviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
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Abstract
We have demonstrated for the first time that the reconstituted Sendai viral envelopes containing only the fusion protein (F-virosomes) are efficient vehicles for the delivery of foreign genes specifically into human hepatoblastoma cells (HepG2) in culture. The membrane fusion-mediated entry of CAT (chloramphenicol acetyl transferase) gene into the cells was confirmed and the amount delivered to various subcellular fractions was quantitated. The dose dependence and kinetics of expression of biologically active CAT protein in HepG2 cells was measured. The CAT expression level in F-virosome-mediated delivery was significantly higher than that of Lipofectin or liganded proteo-liposome-mediated gene transfer. This kind of targeted delivery by means of membrane fusion induced by viral envelope glycoprotein may have wide applications to various gene transfer strategies both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ramani
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
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Naik SR, Bambery P, Tyagi SK, Datta DV, Koshy A. Blood counts in portal hypertension of non-cirrhotic origin: correlation with splenic size and splenic pulp pressure. Indian J Gastroenterol 1986; 5:15-6. [PMID: 3632936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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21
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Sharma ML, Goel KA, Awasthi AK, Tyagi SK. Haematological and biochemical characteristics of Heteropneustes fossilis under the stress of Congo Red (diphenyl disazo binaphthionic acid). Toxicol Lett 1982; 14:237-41. [PMID: 7167984 DOI: 10.1016/0378-4274(82)90057-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The effects of the sublethal concentration (0.012%) of Congo Red on Heteropneustes fossilis were studied after 30 days exposure. The RBC count haemoglobin (Hb)% and PCV decreased significantly. The total WBC count, MCV, MCH, and MCHC showed a significant increase. Serum calcium, serum cholesterol and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were significantly elevated, whereas serum phosphorus was significantly reduced. The activities of serum alkaline phosphatase (AlPase), acid phosphatase (AcPase). RNase, GOT, GPT and amylase were also significantly elevated. The possible reasons for these changes are discussed.
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Tyagi SK, Prakash C, Deodhar SD, Nath IV. Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura presenting as recurrent stroke. J Assoc Physicians India 1982; 29:971-2. [PMID: 6890062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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23
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Deodhar SD, Tyagi SK, Nath IV, Dilawari JB. Upper gastrointestinal functions in progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS). J Assoc Physicians India 1982; 30:365-7. [PMID: 7169452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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24
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Tyagi SK, Anand IS, Deodhar SD, Datta DV. A clinical study of amoebic pericarditis. J Assoc Physicians India 1980; 28:515-9. [PMID: 7228841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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