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Ishikawa Y, Tanaka N, Asano Y, Kodera M, Shirai Y, Akahoshi M, Hasegawa M, Matsushita T, Saito K, Motegi SI, Yoshifuji H, Yoshizaki A, Kohmoto T, Takagi K, Oka A, Kanda M, Tanaka Y, Ito Y, Nakano K, Kasamatsu H, Utsunomiya A, Sekiguchi A, Niiro H, Jinnin M, Makino K, Makino T, Ihn H, Yamamoto M, Suzuki C, Takahashi H, Nishida E, Morita A, Yamamoto T, Fujimoto M, Kondo Y, Goto D, Sumida T, Ayuzawa N, Yanagida H, Horita T, Atsumi T, Endo H, Shima Y, Kumanogoh A, Hirata J, Otomo N, Suetsugu H, Koike Y, Tomizuka K, Yoshino S, Liu X, Ito S, Hikino K, Suzuki A, Momozawa Y, Ikegawa S, Tanaka Y, Ishikawa O, Takehara K, Torii T, Sato S, Okada Y, Mimori T, Matsuda F, Matsuda K, Amariuta T, Imoto I, Matsuo K, Kuwana M, Kawaguchi Y, Ohmura K, Terao C. GWAS for systemic sclerosis identifies six novel susceptibility loci including one in the Fcγ receptor region. Nat Commun 2024; 15:319. [PMID: 38296975 PMCID: PMC10830486 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44541-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Here we report the largest Asian genome-wide association study (GWAS) for systemic sclerosis performed to date, based on data from Japanese subjects and comprising of 1428 cases and 112,599 controls. The lead SNP is in the FCGR/FCRL region, which shows a penetrating association in the Asian population, while a complete linkage disequilibrium SNP, rs10917688, is found in a cis-regulatory element for IRF8. IRF8 is also a significant locus in European GWAS for systemic sclerosis, but rs10917688 only shows an association in the presence of the risk allele of IRF8 in the Japanese population. Further analysis shows that rs10917688 is marked with H3K4me1 in primary B cells. A meta-analysis with a European GWAS detects 30 additional significant loci. Polygenic risk scores constructed with the effect sizes of the meta-analysis suggest the potential portability of genetic associations beyond populations. Prioritizing the top 5% of SNPs of IRF8 binding sites in B cells improves the fitting of the polygenic risk scores, underscoring the roles of B cells and IRF8 in the development of systemic sclerosis. The results also suggest that systemic sclerosis shares a common genetic architecture across populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Ishikawa
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, The Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Nao Tanaka
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, The Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihide Asano
- Department of Dermatology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanari Kodera
- Department of Dermatology, Chukyo Hospital, Japan Community Health Care Organization, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Shirai
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Nippon Medical School Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuteru Akahoshi
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Rheumatology, Saga University Hospital, Saga, Japan
| | - Minoru Hasegawa
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Dermatology, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Takashi Matsushita
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Saito
- The First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Sei-Ichiro Motegi
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Hajime Yoshifuji
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ayumi Yoshizaki
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kohmoto
- Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Division of Molecular Genetics, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kae Takagi
- Tokyo Women's Medical University, Adachi Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Oka
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, Division of Basic Medical Science and Molecular Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Miho Kanda
- Department of Dermatology, Chukyo Hospital, Japan Community Health Care Organization, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Tanaka
- Department of Dermatology, Chukyo Hospital, Japan Community Health Care Organization, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yumi Ito
- Department of Dermatology, Chukyo Hospital, Japan Community Health Care Organization, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Nakano
- The First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kasamatsu
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Dermatology, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Akira Utsunomiya
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Dermatology, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Akiko Sekiguchi
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Niiro
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Jinnin
- Department of Dermatology, Wakayama Medical University Graduate School of Medicine, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Katsunari Makino
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Makino
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hironobu Ihn
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Motohisa Yamamoto
- Department of Rheumatology and Allergy, IMSUT Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chisako Suzuki
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Takahashi
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Emi Nishida
- Department of Geriatric and Environmental Dermatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Dermatology, Okazaki City Hospital, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Akimichi Morita
- Department of Geriatric and Environmental Dermatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Yamamoto
- Department of Dermatology, Fukushima Medical University, School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Manabu Fujimoto
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuya Kondo
- Department of Rheumatology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Daisuke Goto
- Department of Rheumatology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Takayuki Sumida
- Department of Rheumatology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Naho Ayuzawa
- Department of Clinical Immunology, National Hospital Organization, Utano National Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Yanagida
- Department of Clinical Immunology, National Hospital Organization, Utano National Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Horita
- Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Atsumi
- Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hirahito Endo
- Omori Medical Center, Toho University, Rheumatic Disease Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Shima
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kumanogoh
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jun Hirata
- Immunology Frontier Center, Osaka University, Statistical Immunology, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nao Otomo
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, The Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suetsugu
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, The Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Koike
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, The Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kohei Tomizuka
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, The Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Soichiro Yoshino
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, The Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Xiaoxi Liu
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, The Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shuji Ito
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, The Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Keiko Hikino
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, The Laboratory for Pharmacogenomics, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Akari Suzuki
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, The Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yukihide Momozawa
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, The Laboratory for Genotyping Development, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shiro Ikegawa
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, The Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Tanaka
- The First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Osamu Ishikawa
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Takehara
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | | | - Shinichi Sato
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukinori Okada
- Immunology Frontier Center, Osaka University, Statistical Immunology, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tsuneyo Mimori
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Ijinkai Takeada General Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Matsuda
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koichi Matsuda
- Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Laboratory of Genome Technology, Human Genome Center, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Genome Sequencing, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tiffany Amariuta
- Center for Data Sciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Divisions of Genetics and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Issei Imoto
- Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masataka Kuwana
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Nippon Medical School Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Kawaguchi
- Tokyo Women's Medical University, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichiro Ohmura
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Chikashi Terao
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, The Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Yokohama, Japan.
- Shizuoka General Hospital, The Clinical Research Center, Shizuoka, Japan.
- The Department of Applied Genetics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan.
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Ishikawa Y, Tanaka N, Asano Y, Kodera M, Shirai Y, Akahoshi M, Hasegawa M, Matsushita T, Kazuyoshi S, Motegi S, Yoshifuji H, Yoshizaki A, Kohmoto T, Takagi K, Oka A, Kanda M, Tanaka Y, Ito Y, Nakano K, Kasamatsu H, Utsunomiya A, Sekiguchi A, Niro H, Jinnin M, Makino K, Makino T, Ihn H, Yamamoto M, Suzuki C, Takahashi H, Nishida E, Morita A, Yamamoto T, Fujimoto M, Kondo Y, Goto D, Sumida T, Ayuzawa N, Yanagida H, Horita T, Atsumi T, Endo H, Shima Y, Kumanogoh A, Hirata J, Otomo N, Suetsugu H, Koike Y, Tomizuka K, Yoshino S, Liu X, Ito S, Hikino K, Suzuki A, Momozawa Y, Ikegawa S, Tanaka Y, Ishikawa O, Takehara K, Torii T, Sato S, Okada Y, Mimori T, Matsuda F, Matsuda K, Imoto I, Matsuo K, Kuwana M, Kawaguchi Y, Ohmura K, Terao C. OP0112 THE EVER-LARGEST ASIAN GWAS FOR SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS AND TRANS-POPULATION META-ANALYSIS IDENTIFIED SEVEN NOVEL LOCI AND A CANDIDATE CAUSAL SNP IN A CIS-REGULATORY ELEMENT OF THE FCGR REGION. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundGenome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified 29 disease-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for systemic sclerosis (SSc) in non-human leukocyte antigen (HLA) regions (1-7). While these GWASs have clarified genetic architectures of SSc, study subjects were mainly Caucasians limiting application of the findings to Asians.ObjectivesThe study was conducted to identify novel causal variants for SSc specific to Japanese subjects as well as those shared with European population. We also aimed to clarify mechanistic effects of the variants on pathogenesis of SSc.MethodsA total of 114,108 subjects comprising 1,499 cases and 112,609 controls were enrolled in the two-staged study leading to the ever-largest Asian GWAS for SSc. After applying a strict quality control both for genotype and samples, imputation was conducted using the reference panel of the phase 3v5 1,000 genome project data combined with a high-depth whole-genome sequence data of 3,256 Japanese subjects. We conducted logistic regression analyses and also combined the Japanese GWAS results with those of Europeans (6) by an inverse-variance fixed-effect model. Polygenicity and enrichment of functional annotations were evaluated by linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC), Haploreg and IMPACT programs. We also constructed polygenic risk score (PRS) to predict SSc development.ResultsWe identified three (FCRLA-FCGR, TNFAIP3, PLD4) and four (EOMES, ESR1, SLC12A5, TPI1P2) novel loci in Japanese GWAS and a trans-population meta-analysis, respectively. One of Japanese novel risk SNPs, rs6697139, located within FCGR gene clusters had a strong effect size (OR 2.05, P=4.9×10-11). We also found the complete LD variant, rs10917688, was positioned in cis-regulatory element and binding motif for an immunomodulatory transcription factor IRF8 in B cells, another genome-wide significant locus in our trans-ethnic meta-analysis and the previous European GWAS. Notably, the association of risk allele of rs10917688 was significant only in the presence of the risk allele of the IRF8. Intriguingly, rs10917688 was annotated as one enhancer-related histone marks, H3K4me1, in B cells, implying that FCGR gene(s) in B cells may play an important role in the pathogenesis of SSc. Furhtermore, significant heritability enrichment of active histone marks and a transcription factor C-Myc were found in B cells both in European and Japanese populations by LDSC and IMPACT, highlighting a possibility of a shared disease mechanism where abnormal B-cell activation may be one of the key drivers for the disease development. Finally, PRS using effects sizes of European GWAS moderately fit in the development of Japanese SSc (AUC 0.593), paving a path to personalized medicine for SSc.ConclusionOur study identified seven novel susceptibility loci in SSc. Downstream analyses highlighted a novel disease mechanism of SSc where an interactive role of FCGR gene(s) and IRF8 may accelerate the disease development and B cells may play a key role on the pathogenesis of SSc.References[1]F. C. Arnett et al. Ann Rheum Dis, 2010.[2]T. R. Radstake et al. Nat Genet, 2010.[3]Y. Allanore et al. PLoS Genet, 2011.[4]O. Gorlova et al. PLoS Genet, 2011.[5]C. Terao et al. Ann Rheum Dis, 2017.[6]E. López-Isac et al. Nat Commun, 2019.[7]W. Pu et al. J Invest Dermatol, 2021.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
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Kurashige T, Morino H, Ueno H, Murao T, Watanabe T, Hinoi T, Nishino I, Maruyama H, Torii T. FSHD / OPMD / MYOTONIC DYSTROPHY. Neuromuscul Disord 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2020.08.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Takahashi H, Oyama N, Amamoto M, Torii T, Matsuo T, Hasegawa M. 464 A prospective trial for the clinical efficacy of topical washing with miconazole nitrate-containing soap to diaper candidiasis. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.03.540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Kurashige T, Kanbara T, Sumi N, Tasaka S, Sugiura T, Maruyama H, Torii T. REGISTRIES AND CARE OF NEUROMUSCULAR DISORDERS. Neuromuscul Disord 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2018.06.339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Kurashige T, Sumi N, Kanbara T, Ohta M, Sugiura T, Maruyama H, Torii T. Anti-HMGCR antibody positive myopathy shows bcl-2-positive lymphocyte follicles. Neuromuscul Disord 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2017.06.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Nomura E, Ohshita T, Naka H, Matsushima H, Kubo S, Takeshima S, Imamura E, Torii T, Hosomi N, Maruyama H, Matsumoto M. Stroke recurrence or death during 2 weeks after acute ischemic stroke with atrial fibrillation - multicenter prospective registry in Hiroshima –. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.1789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Sugiura T, Torii T. Acute phase antithrombotic therapy and correlation with early recurrence of cardioembolic stroke. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.2825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Nezu T, Naka H, Hosomi N, Takamatsu K, Nomura E, Kitamura T, Torii T, Ohshita T, Imamura E, Nakamori M, Shimomura R, Aoki S, Maruyama H, Matsumoto M. Microbleeds evaluation study for prevention of brain hemorrhage in ischemic stroke (MB-evidence): Pilot analysis for multicenter longitudinal study. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.1783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Sumi N, Kurashige T, Sueda Y, Ohta M, Kambara T, Sugiura T, Torii T. EGFR mutation and ALK fusion oncogene decrease stroke risk in patient with trousseau syndrome due to lung adenocarcinoma. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.2827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Terao C, Kawaguchi T, Dieude P, Varga J, Kuwana M, Hudson M, Kawaguchi Y, Matucci-Cerinic M, Ohmura K, Riemekasten G, Kawasaki A, Airo P, Horita T, Oka A, Hachulla E, Yoshifuji H, Caramaschi P, Hunzelmann N, Baron M, Atsumi T, Hassoun P, Torii T, Takahashi M, Tabara Y, Shimizu M, Tochimoto A, Ayuzawa N, Yanagida H, Furukawa H, Tohma S, Hasegawa M, Fujimoto M, Ishikawa O, Yamamoto T, Goto D, Asano Y, Jinnin M, Endo H, Takahashi H, Takehara K, Sato S, Ihn H, Raychaudhuri S, Liao K, Gregersen P, Tsuchiya N, Riccieri V, Melchers I, Valentini G, Cauvet A, Martinez M, Mimori T, Matsuda F, Allanore Y. Transethnic meta-analysis identifies GSDMA and PRDM1 as susceptibility genes to systemic sclerosis. Ann Rheum Dis 2017; 76:1150-1158. [PMID: 28314753 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-210645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease characterised by skin and systemic fibrosis culminating in organ damage. Previous genetic studies including genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 12 susceptibility loci satisfying genome-wide significance. Transethnic meta-analyses have successfully expanded the list of susceptibility genes and deepened biological insights for other autoimmune diseases. METHODS We performed transethnic meta-analysis of GWAS in the Japanese and European populations, followed by a two-staged replication study comprising a total of 4436 cases and 14 751 controls. Associations between significant single nuclear polymorphisms (SNPs) and neighbouring genes were evaluated. Enrichment analysis of H3K4Me3, a representative histone mark for active promoter was conducted with an expanded list of SSc susceptibility genes. RESULTS We identified two significant SNP in two loci, GSDMA and PRDM1, both of which are related to immune functions and associated with other autoimmune diseases (p=1.4×10-10 and 6.6×10-10, respectively). GSDMA also showed a significant association with limited cutaneous SSc. We also replicated the associations of previously reported loci including a non-GWAS locus, TNFAIP3. PRDM1 encodes BLIMP1, a transcription factor regulating T-cell proliferation and plasma cell differentiation. The top SNP in GSDMA was a missense variant and correlated with gene expression of neighbouring genes, and this could explain the association in this locus. We found different human leukocyte antigen (HLA) association patterns between the two populations. Enrichment analysis suggested the importance of CD4-naïve primary T cell. CONCLUSIONS GSDMA and PRDM1 are associated with SSc. These findings provide enhanced insight into the genetic and biological basis of SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chikashi Terao
- Department of Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Center for the Promotion of Interdisciplinary Education and Research, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Takahisa Kawaguchi
- Department of Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Philippe Dieude
- Rheumatology Bichat Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France
| | - John Varga
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Masataka Kuwana
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Marie Hudson
- Jewish General Hospital and Lady Davis Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yasushi Kawaguchi
- Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Marco Matucci-Cerinic
- Division of Rheumatology AOUC, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical & Geriatrics Medicine, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Koichiro Ohmura
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Gabriela Riemekasten
- Clinic for Rheumatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,German Lung Center Borstel, Leibniz Institute, Germany
| | - Aya Kawasaki
- Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Paolo Airo
- Rheumatology Unit, Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Tetsuya Horita
- Division of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akira Oka
- The Institute of Medical Science, Tokai University, Isehara, Japan
| | - Eric Hachulla
- Internal Medicine Department, FHU Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases and Targeted Therapies, Lille University, Lille, France
| | - Hajime Yoshifuji
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Paola Caramaschi
- Rheumatology Department, University of Verona, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Italy
| | | | - Murray Baron
- Jewish General Hospital and Lady Davis Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tatsuya Atsumi
- Division of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Paul Hassoun
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Meiko Takahashi
- Department of Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Tabara
- Department of Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masakazu Shimizu
- Department of Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akiko Tochimoto
- Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naho Ayuzawa
- Department of Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization, Utano National Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Yanagida
- Department of Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization, Utano National Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Furukawa
- Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.,Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, Sagamihara Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Shigeto Tohma
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, Sagamihara Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Minoru Hasegawa
- Division of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Dermatology, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Manabu Fujimoto
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Osamu Ishikawa
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Yamamoto
- Department of Dermatology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Daisuke Goto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yoshihide Asano
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Jinnin
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hirahito Endo
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Takahashi
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Takehara
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Shinichi Sato
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hironobu Ihn
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Soumya Raychaudhuri
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Arthritis Research UK Centre for Genetics and Genomics, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Katherine Liao
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Peter Gregersen
- Robert S. Boas Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Naoyuki Tsuchiya
- Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | | | | | - Gabriele Valentini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Rheumatology Section, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Anne Cauvet
- INSERM U1016/UMR 8104, Cochin Institute, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Maria Martinez
- INSERM U1220-IRSD-Batiment B Purpan Hospital Toulouse, Paris, France
| | - Tsuneyo Mimori
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Matsuda
- Department of Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yannick Allanore
- Rheumatology A Department, INSERM U1016/UMR 8104, Cochin Institute, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
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Sako T, Adriani O, Berti E, Bonechi L, Bongi M, Castellini G, D'Alessandro R, Haguenauer M, Itow Y, Iwata T, Kasahara K, Masuda K, Matsubayashi E, Menjo H, Muraki Y, Papini P, Ricciarini S, Sakurai N, Sato K, Shinoda M, Suzuki T, Tamura T, Tiberio A, Torii T, Tricomi A, Turner W, Ueno M, Zhou Q. Results of the LHCf experiment and the forward measurements at the LHC. EPJ Web Conf 2017. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201714509002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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13
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Kanbara T, Kurashige T, Tomimura H, Haji S, Sueda Y, Torii T. A case of AD-PEO with a significant decrease in dopamine transporter imaging. Neuromuscul Disord 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2016.06.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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14
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Kurashige T, Morino H, Kanbara T, Nagano Y, Araki M, Maruyama H, Torii T, Matsumoto M. TBK1 exists with optineurin around rimmed vacuoles. Neuromuscul Disord 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2016.06.318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Sato A, Liu X, Torii T, Iwahashi M, Iramina K. Modulation of motor cortex excitability by peripheral magnetic stimulation of different stimulus sites and frequencies. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2016; 2016:6413-6416. [PMID: 28325034 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2016.7592196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral stimulation is known to influence the state of cortical excitability. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether peripheral magnetic stimulation has similar effects on cortical excitability to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). A magnetic stimulator with a flat figure-of-eight coil was used for both TMS, and peripheral magnetic stimulation applied to the bilateral forearms. TMS was performed on the left primary motor cortex to evaluate influence of the peripheral magnetic stimulation, and motor evoked potential (MEP) was measured from the right first dorsal interosseous. Peripheral magnetic stimulation was performed at a stimulus frequency of 1 Hz or 10 Hz, to the stimulus sites on the right and left supination of the forearm. The effects of peripheral magnetic stimulation were evaluated by comparing the mean MEP amplitude elicited by TMS before and after peripheral magnetic stimulation. We found that cortical excitability varied according to the stimulation site and frequency of the peripheral magnetic stimulation. The inhibition of cortical excitability was observed following 1 Hz peripheral magnetic stimulation over the right forearm (p<;0.001). In contrast, increased cortical excitability was observed using 1 Hz peripheral magnetic stimulation over the left forearm and 10 Hz stimulation over either the right or left forearms. We suggest that peripheral magnetic stimulation has a similar effect to TMS, and can induce both facilitation and inhibition of cortical excitability.
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Sato A, Torii T, Nakahara Y, Iwahashi M, Itoh Y, Iramina K. The impact of rTMS over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex on cognitive processing. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2015; 2013:1988-91. [PMID: 24110106 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2013.6609919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to use event-related potentials (ERP) to clarify the effect of magnetic stimulation on cognitive processing. A figure eight-shaped flat repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) coil was used to stimulate either the region over the left or the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, which is considered to be the origin of the P300 component. Stimulus frequencies were 1.00, 0.75 and 0.50 Hz rTMS. The strength of the magnetic stimulation was set at 80% of the motor threshold for each participant. The auditory oddball task was used to elicit P300s before and shortly after rTMS, and comprised a sequence of sounds containing standard (1 kHz pure tone, 80% of trials) and deviant (2 kHz pure tone, 20% of trials) stimuli. We found that a 1.00 Hz rTMS pulse train over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex increased P300 latencies by 8.50 ms at Fz, 12.85 ms at Cz, and 11.25 ms at Pz. In contrast, neither 0.75 and 0.50 Hz rTMS pulse trains over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex nor 1.00, 0.75 and 0.50 Hz rTMS pulse trains over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex altered P300 latencies. These results indicate that rTMS frequency affects cognitive processing. Thus, we suggest that the effects of rTMS vary according to the activity of excitatory and inhibitory neurons in the cerebral cortex.
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17
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Kudoh Y, Aoyama S, Torii T, Chen Q, Nagahara D, Sakata H, Nozawa A. Hemodynamic stabilizing effects of L-carnitine in chronic hemodialysis patients. Cardiorenal Med 2013; 3:200-207. [PMID: 24454315 DOI: 10.1159/000355016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of L-carnitine on the hemodynamic state of chronic hemodialysis patients have been debated. In order to clarify the effect of administered L-carnitine on cardiac function and hypotensive episodes during the hemodialysis procedure, a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study was performed for 3 months. METHODS AND RESULTS TWENTY STABLE OUTPATIENTS UNDERGOING HEMODIALYSIS TREATMENT WERE DIVIDED INTO TWO GROUPS: controls (placebo) and treated patients (L-carnitine 900 mg p.o. daily). After 3 months, cardiac function was reevaluated by echocardiography, and hypotensive episodes during hemodialysis were assessed. Free and acyl carnitine levels increased significantly from 22.3 ± 7.1 to 140.3 ± 57.5 μmol/l and from 15.8 ± 2.8 to 94.8 ± 50.4 μmol/l, respectively, in the treated group. The ejection fraction significantly increased from 61.8 ± 16.0 to 64.4 ± 13.8% (p < 0.05) in the treated group. However, there was no difference in other echocardiographic parameters between the two groups. Hypotensive episodes significantly decreased from 4.0 ± 1.7 to 1.3 ± 0.9 times per month (p < 0.05), although patients' body weight did not change significantly. CONCLUSIONS Beneficial effects of L-carnitine on the hemodynamic state of chronic hemodialysis patients were observed. L-Carnitine supplementation might be considered especially for chronic hemodialysis patients with unstable hemodynamic conditions.
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Torii T, Sato A, Iwahashi M, Itoh Y, Iramina K. Time-dependent effects of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the supramarginal gyrus. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2012; 2012:3372-3375. [PMID: 23366649 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2012.6346688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we report our studies of the effects of stimulating the bilateral supramarginal gyrus (SMG) with low-frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) or short-term rTMS on brain excitability in humans. We analyzed the effects of various durations of stimulation on P300 latencies of the event-related potential (ERP). Magnetic pulses were delivered using a figure-eight flat coil. The intensity of rTMS was set to 80 % of the subject's motor threshold. In each round of rTMS, 100 magnetic pulses were applied over the scalp at frequencies of 1.00, 0.75, and 0.50 Hz. ERPs were measured prior to magnetic stimulation as a control. The effects of magnetic stimulation were then determined by measuring its effects on P300 latencies elicited by an odd-ball task. These latencies were measured before and 0, 5, 10, and 15 min after the magnetic stimulation. 1.00 Hz low-frequency rTMS of the left SMG decreased P300 latencies for approximately 10 min. In contrast, 0.50 Hz rTMS of the left SMG resulted in delayed P300 latencies for approximately 15 min. We furthermore found that 0.75 Hz rTMS of the left SMG and 1.00, 0.75 and 0.5 Hz rTMS of the right SMG did not affect P300 latencies. These results suggest that the duration of the effects of rTMS depend on the frequency of stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Torii
- Department of Medical Engineering, Junshin Gakuen University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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Murai T, Nakajima F, Yanada S, Yuri Y, Ohya K, Kishimoto Y, Matsuzaki J, Fukasawa R, Kawakami S, Torii T, Mizuo T. UP-02.035 Stratified Analysis of Effect of Silodosin on Symptoms of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Urology 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2011.07.853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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20
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Nakajima F, Murai T, Yanada S, Yuri Y, Ohya K, Kishimoto Y, Matsuzaki J, Fukasawa R, Kawakami S, Torii T, Mizuo T. MP-09.08 Serum Prostate Specific Antigen Level Predicts the Effectiveness of Silodosin in Patients with Benign Prostate Hyperplasia. Urology 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2011.07.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Abstract
The dramatic variation in the composition of a brine pond in Antarctica is a seasonal phenomenon. The phase relations of salts in solution are such that hydrologic conditions and temperature determine composition during the austral summer. Temperature is the primary determinant of composition during the winter.
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Torii T, Kanemitsu K, Wada T, Itoh S, Kinugawa K, Hagiwara A. Measurement of short-chain fatty acids in human faeces using high-performance liquid chromatography: specimen stability. Ann Clin Biochem 2010; 47:447-52. [PMID: 20595408 DOI: 10.1258/acb.2010.010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Short-chain fatty acids such as lactic acid produced by the intestinal bacterial flora have various physiological actions involved in health, and it is important to determine the concentrations of faecal short-chain fatty acids and evaluate their relationship with large intestinal diseases. In this study, we evaluated the highly selective and sensitive simultaneous measurement of both volatile and non-volatile short-chain fatty acid hydrazides using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Faeces treated with ethanol were used as analytic samples. Short-chain fatty acids were measured as fatty acid hydrazides by HPLC. RESULTS For 12 types of short-chain fatty acid, the results regarding linearity, recovery tests and reproducibility were favourable. Faeces treated with ethanol could be stored at room temperature. DISCUSSION The stability of short-chain fatty acids in faeces at room temperature was statistically analysed. Faeces stored without treatment with ethanol showed increases/decreases in the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids, which may be due to assimilation by intestinal bacteria. However, specimen in 70% ethanol and stored in room temperature exhibited no substantial changes in concentrations of short-chain fatty acids up to seven days.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Torii
- TORII Clinic, 1675 Kuratani, Maizuru Kyoto Pref. 624-0906
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23
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Tsuchiya H, Enoto T, Torii T, Nakazawa K, Yuasa T, Torii S, Fukuyama T, Yamaguchi T, Kato H, Okano M, Takita M, Makishima K. Observation of an energetic radiation burst from mountain-top thunderclouds. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 102:255003. [PMID: 19659086 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.255003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
During thunderstorms on 20 September 2008, a simultaneous detection of gamma rays and electrons was made at a mountain observatory in Japan located 2770 m above sea level. Both emissions, lasting 90 sec, were associated with thunderclouds rather than lightning. The photon spectrum, extending to 10 MeV, can be interpreted as consisting of bremsstrahlung gamma rays arriving from a source which is 60-130 m in distance at 90% confidence level. The observed electrons are likely to be dominated by a primary population escaping from an acceleration region in the clouds.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Tsuchiya
- Cosmic Radiation Laboratory, Riken, 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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Abstract
In this study, we report the mass production of monodisperse emulsion droplets and particles using microfluidic large-scale integration on a chip. The production module comprises a glass microfluidic chip with planar microfabricated 16-256 droplet-formation units (DFUs) and a palm-sized stainless steel holder having several layers for supplying liquids into the inlets of the mounted chip. By using a module having 128 cross-junctions (i.e., 256 DFUs) arranged circularly on a 4 cm x 4 cm chip, we could produce droplets of photopolymerizable acrylate monomer at a throughput of 320.0 mL h(-1). The product was monodisperse, having a mean diameter of 96.4 microm, with a coefficient of variation (CV) of 1.3%. Subsequent UV polymerization off the module yielded monodisperse acrylic microspheres at a throughput of approximately 0.3 kg h(-1). Another module having 128 co-flow geometries could produce biphasic Janus droplets of black and white segments at 128.0 mL h(-1). The product had a mean diameter of 142.3 microm, with a CV of 3.3%. This co-flow module could also be applied in the mass production of homogeneous monomer droplets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takasi Nisisako
- Precision and Intelligence Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, R2-6, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8503, Japan.
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Torii T, Miyazawa M, Koyama I. Effect of continuous application of shear stress on liver tissue: continuous application of appropriate shear stress has advantage in protection of liver tissue. Transplant Proc 2006; 37:4575-8. [PMID: 16387174 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2005.10.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2004] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Rapid blood flow changes occur in the liver following a massive resection or in the grafted liver following transplantation, under which shear stress (SS) change induced by the flow change may determine the postoperative results. We observed changes in liver tissue structure and liver-specific function, and consequently assessed SS effect. The cultured liver tissue exposed to continuous application of moderate SS was shown to express and maintain a long-term liver-specific function. There was also evidence showing that destruction of the liver structure was inhibited. However, the cultured liver tissue not exposed to SS or exposed to high SS was shown to lose liver-specific function soon after expression. The liver structure was destroyed in the early stage of incubation. These results suggested that continuous application of appropriate SS has advantages over other types of stresses to protect liver tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Torii
- Department of Surgery, Saitama Medical School, Iruma-gun, Saitama, Japan
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Miyazawa M, Torii T, Toshimitsu Y, Koyama I. Effect of Mechanical Stress Imposition on Co-culture of Hepatic Parenchymal and Nonparenchymal Cells: Possibility of Stimulating Production of Regenerating Factor. Transplant Proc 2005; 37:2398-401. [PMID: 15964426 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2005.03.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2004] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The effect of mechanical stress generated within a three-dimensional bioreactor on the co-culture of hepatic parenchymal cells (PC) and hepatic nonparenchymal cells (NPC) was assessed to develop a bioartificial liver that can produce factors accelerating liver regeneration. A rotating radial flow bioreactor was used to provide mechanical stress to a co-culture of PC and NPC that were isolated from rats. They were co-cultured in the reactor under static or dynamic conditions. Albumin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were measured at intervals. Electron microscopy was also performed. LDH was not significantly different between the static and mechanical stress-loaded cultures, while albumin and interleukin-6 levels were higher in the latter at all sampling times. Only the co-cultures loaded with mechanical stress produced HGF in the early stage of culture (hours 3 and 6). Histologically, the cells retained their structure when cultured under dynamic conditions. These results suggested that an appropriate level of mechanical stress enabled co-cultures of PC and NPC to produce IL-6, HGF, and other factors that accelerate liver regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Miyazawa
- Department of Surgery, Saitama Medical School, 38-Morohongou, Moroyama, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
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Torii T, Ura N, Takizawa H, Shimamoto K. [The role of renal vasodepressor and natriuretic systems and ouabain-like factor on the early phase of hypertension in two-kidney, one-clip hypertensive rats]. Nihon Jinzo Gakkai Shi 2001; 43:631-8. [PMID: 11808073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that not only an enhanced renin-angiotensin system, but also relative volume retention might contribute to hypertension even in the early phase of a two-kidney, one-clip hypertensive model. To evaluate the role of renal depressor and natriuretic systems in the development of high blood pressure in the early phase of this model, we measured urinary excretion of kallikrein(uKAL), prostaglandin E2(uPGE2), and dopamine(uDA) in male Sprague-Dawley rats instrumented with a 0.2 mm diameter clip on the left renal artery(2K1C) and compared the results with those of sham-operated rats(sham). We also measured ouabain-like factor(OLF) in the plasma(pOLF) and urine(uOLF) in both groups. In 2K1C, systolic blood pressure(SBP) progressively increased and plasma renin activity was higher than the sham in the 3rd week. UDA and uPGE2 were not different between these groups, but uKAL attenuated in 2K1C in the 1st and 3rd week compared to the sham. There was a negative correlation between %delta SBP and %delta uKAL. On the other hand, uOLF increased in 2K1C in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd week compared to the sham. There was a positive correlation between SBP and uOLF. And pOLF was higher in 2K1C than in the sham. Furthermore there was a negative correlation between %delta uKAL and %delta uOLF. These results indicated that even in the early phase, suppression of the renal kallikrein-kinin system would contribute to high blood pressure in part, and OLF might play a compensatory role against the impaired natriuretic system in the kidney. However, OLF might contribute to blood pressure elevation through vasoconstriction in 2K1C.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Torii
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan
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Saito T, Akita S, Torii T, Hiraide M. Selective concentration of gold in water to a polystyrene-embedded fiber disk with polyoxyethylene(10)-p-isononylphenyl ether. J Chromatogr A 2001; 932:159-63. [PMID: 11695862 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)01251-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A new surfactant-mediated separation method was developed for concentrating traces of gold ion in water. The methodology is based on the combination of selective complexation of gold(III) with polyoxyethylene(10)-p-isononylphenyl ether, PONPE-10, and strong binding of surfactant complex to hydrophobic polystyrene resins embedded in a PTFE fiber disk (Empore disk). A 400-fold concentration of gold(III) was achieved by 400 ml load of the sample containing 0.01% (w/v) PONPE-10 and 0.10 M nitric acid and by the subsequent elution with 1.0 ml of aqueous buffer solution of 0.01 M N-(dithiocarboxyl)sarcosine diammonium. Traces of gold (0.40 ng/l) in river water samples were successfully determined with inductively coupled plasma MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Saito
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Japan.
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Kyuma M, Ura N, Torii T, Takeuchi H, Takizawa H, Kitamura K, Tomita K, Sasaki S, Shimamoto K. A family with liddle's syndrome caused by a mutation in the beta subunit of the epithelial sodium channel. Clin Exp Hypertens 2001; 23:471-8. [PMID: 11478429 DOI: 10.1081/ceh-100104238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Liddle's syndrome is a rare form of autosomal-dominant salt-sensitive hypertension. Constitutive activation of the amiloride-sensitive distal renal epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) is essential for salt-sensitive hypertension. Recently, several DNA analysis studies have indicated that there is a mutation of C-terminus of either the beta or y subunit. We sequenced the C-termini of the beta and -gamma subunits of the ENaC in a Japanese family with hypertension and hypopotassemia without excess minerarocorticoids, clinically diagnosed as Liddle's syndrome. The mutation of the ENaC of this family was beta R564X. Since such case seem to be rare in the literature, detailed data are shown in this report.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kyuma
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Japan
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Maruyama H, Izumi Y, Oda M, Torii T, Morino H, Toji H, Sasaki K, Terasawa H, Nakamura S, Kawakami H. Lack of an association between cystatin C gene polymorphisms in Japanese patients with Alzheimer's disease. Neurology 2001; 57:337-9. [PMID: 11468325 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.57.2.337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Associations between polymorphisms of the cystatin C gene (CST3) at 5' flanking region and exon 1 in Caucasian patients with late onset AD and exon 1 in a US study of late onset AD have been reported. Clinically diagnosed Japanese patients with AD and Japanese normal control subjects were assessed for the presence of polymorphisms of CST3. The authors could not confirm the previously reported association between CST3 polymorphisms and AD in Japan. Age had no effect on the CST3 genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Maruyama
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, Japan
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Abstract
The effect of melatonin on the release of Arg-vasopressin (AVP) was analyzed in a suprachiasmatic nucleus-slice explant culture. The release of AVP into the culture medium exhibited a circadian rhythm, with higher level during the subjective day and lower level during the subjective night. Melatonin (500 nM) inhibited the release of AVP. Luzindole, a MT(2) (Mel 1b) melatonin receptor antagonist, attenuated the effect of melatonin on the AVP release. Results indicate that the inhibition of AVP release by melatonin in the suprachiasmatic nucleus-slice culture depends at least in part on the melatonin MT(2) receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Isobe
- Department of Physiology, Nagoya City University Medical School, Mizuho-ku, 467-8601, Nagoya, Japan.
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Hasegawa N, Torii T, Kato T, Miyajima H, Furuhata A, Nakayasu K, Kanai A, Habuchi O. Decreased GlcNAc 6-O-sulfotransferase activity in the cornea with macular corneal dystrophy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2000; 41:3670-7. [PMID: 11053262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Macular corneal dystrophy (MCD) is an autosomal recessive inherited disorder that is accompanied by corneal opacity. Explants from MCD-affected corneas have been reported to synthesize low-sulfated KS, suggesting that sulfate groups attached to KS may play critical roles in maintaining corneal transparency. To clear the biosynthetic defect in the MCD cornea, sulfotransferase activities were determined that are presumably involved in the biosynthesis of KS: galactose-6-sulfotransferase (Gal6ST) activity and N-acetylglucosamine 6-O-sulfotransferase (GlcNAc6ST) activity. METHODS Gal6ST and GlcNAc6ST activities, which were contained in the corneal extracts from corneas affected by MCD and keratoconus and from normal control corneas, were determined by measuring the transfer of (35)SO(4) from [(35)S]3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate into the Gal residue of partially desulfated KS and the nonreducing terminal GlcNAc residue of GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAc (oligo A), respectively. RESULTS The level of Gal6ST activity in corneal extracts from eyes with MCD, which was measured by using partially desulfated KS as an acceptor, was nearly equal to that in eyes with keratoconus and normal control eyes. In contrast, GlcNAc6ST activity in the extracts from MCD-affected corneas, which was measured by using oligo A as an acceptor, was much lower than in those in corneas with keratoconus and in normal control corneas. CONCLUSIONS The decrease in GlcNAc6ST activity in the cornea with MCD may result in the occurrence of low- or nonsulfated KS and thereby cause corneal opacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Hasegawa
- Department of Life Science, Aichi University of Education, Division of Pathobiology, Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Eguchi M, Tsuchihashi K, Takizawa H, Nakahara N, Hagiwara M, Ohnishi H, Torii T, Hashimoto A, Marusaki S, Nakata T, Ura N, Shimamoto K. Detection of cardiac calcinosis in hemodialysis patients by whole-body scintigraphy with 99m-technetium methylene diphosphonate. Am J Nephrol 2000; 20:278-82. [PMID: 10970980 DOI: 10.1159/000013601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A noninvasive method for the diagnosis of cardiac calcinosis, a life-threatening complication in hemodialysis patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), has not, as yet, been firmly established. We tested whether whole body scanning with 99m-technetium methylene diphosphonate (MDP) might visualize cardiac calcinosis. In 19 consecutive chronic hemodialysis ESRD patients (13 males and 6 females, aged 40-81, mean 63 +/- 8 years) with cardiovascular disease [mitral annular calcinosis and/or calcified aortic valve (n = 4), hemodialysis cardiomyopathy (n = 1), coronary artery disease (n = 9) and peripheral artery atherosclerotic disease (n = 6)], MDP uptake in the heart was compared to that in 7 non-ESRD controls with hyperparathyroidism due to adenoma. Cardiac and lung field MDP uptake was confirmed in only 3 (16%) and 5 (26%) of the 19 ESRD subjects, respectively, but was absent in controls. Positive cardiac uptake was related to cardiac calcified complications (mobile intracardiac calcinosis, myocardial calcinosis and mitral annular calcification) and the duration of hemodialysis (p = 0.015). While it was statistically insignificant, subjects showing MDP uptake were elder and had higher serum Ca or Ca x P product and lower intact parathyroid hormone levels. These results suggest that cardiac calcinosis in ESRD patients can be detected noninvasively by myocardial scintigraphy with 99m-technetium MDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Eguchi
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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Higashiura K, Ura N, Takada T, Li Y, Torii T, Togashi N, Takada M, Takizawa H, Shimamoto K. The effects of an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and an angiotensin II receptor antagonist on insulin resistance in fructose-fed rats. Am J Hypertens 2000; 13:290-7. [PMID: 10777034 DOI: 10.1016/s0895-7061(99)00174-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and an angiotensin II receptor (AT) antagonist on insulin resistance, especially on muscle fiber composition in fructose-induced insulin-resistant and hypertensive rats. Six-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either normal rat chow (control) or a fructose-rich diet (FFR). For the last two weeks of a six-week period of either diet, the rats were treated with gum arabic solution as a vehicle (control or FFR), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (FFR+ACE), temocapril (1 mg/kg/ day) or an angiotensin II receptor antagonist (FFR+AT), CS-866 (0.3 mg/kg/day), by gavage, and then the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic glucose clamp technique was performed to evaluate insulin sensitivity. At the end of the glucose clamp, the soleus muscle was dissected for determination of the muscle fiber composition by ATPase methods. Blood pressure at the glucose clamp in the FFR group was significantly higher than that of the control group, and both temocapril and CS-866 significantly lowered the blood pressure of the FFR group. The average rate of glucose infusion during the glucose clamp, as a measure of insulin sensitivity (M value), was significantly lower in the FFR rats compared to the controls (15.4 +/- 0.4, 10.9 +/- 0.6 mg/kg/min, for control and FFR, respectively, P < .01). Both temocapril and CS-866 partially improved the M values compared to FFR (13.2 +/- 0.7, 12.8 +/- 0.5 mg/kg/min, for FFR+ACE, FFR+AT, respectively, P < .01 compared with FFR, P < .05 compared with control). The composite ratio of type I fibers of the soleus muscle was decreased significantly in the FFR rats compared with the controls (82% +/- 2%, 75% +/- 2%, for control and FFR, respectively, P < .01), and both temocapril and CS-866 restored a composite ratio of type I fibers to the same level as that of the controls (81% +/- 1%, 80% +/- 1% for FFR+ACE and FFR+AT, respectively). The M value was significantly correlated with the composition of type I and type II fibers. These results suggest that the fiber composition of skeletal muscle is correlated to insulin resistance, and that both ACE inhibitors and AT antagonists may modulate the muscle fiber composition in a hypertensive and insulin-resistant animal model, fructose-fed rats, to the same extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Higashiura
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Japan
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Hagiwara A, Torii T, Sawai K, Sakakura C, Shirasu M, Ohgaki M, Imanishi T, Yamasaki J, Takahashi T. Local injection of anti-cancer drugs bound to carbon particles for early gastric cancer--a pilot study. Hepatogastroenterology 2000; 47:575-8. [PMID: 10791242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS A new dosage formulation consisting of an anti-cancer drug bound to activated carbon particles was developed for a local injection against early gastric cancer so that the dosage formulation yields chemotherapeutic effects selectively to the lymph node metastases as well as to the primary lesion. METHODOLOGY As a pilot study, the new dosage formulation, total of 50-200 mg of methotrexate only or total of 200 mg of methotrexate plus 8 mg of mitomycin C, was injected into the primary lesions and the adjacent gastric wall of 8 patients with early gastric cancer, guided by a gastrofiberscope before gastrectomy. The surgically resected specimens were examined histologically for the therapeutic effects on the primary lesion and its nodal metastasis. RESULTS The therapeutic effects were seen in 2 of 4 lymph node metastases (50%) and 5 of 8 of the primary lesions (63%), as confirmed histologically with degeneration and/or necrosis. CONCLUSIONS Preoperative local injection of the new dosage formulation will be useful to give chemotherapeutic effects on the potential metastases in the regional nodes as well as to the primary lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hagiwara
- First Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Japan
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Li Y, Higashiura K, Ura N, Torii T, Agata J, Wang L, Togashi N, Shimamoto K. Effects of the Chinese medicine, TSJN on insulin resistance and hypertension in fructose-fed rats. Hypertens Res 2000; 23:101-7. [PMID: 10770256 DOI: 10.1291/hypres.23.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Tang-Shen-Jiao-Nang (TSJN), a Chinese medicine used to treat diabetes mellitus, on insulin resistance and hypertension in fructose-fed rats (FFR). Six-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either normal rat chow (control) or a fructose-rich chow (FFR) for 6 wk. For the last 2 or 4 wk of a 6-wk period of either diet, the rats were treated by gavage with gum arabic solution as a vehicle (control or FFR) or TSJN (800 mg/kg/d; FFR+TS), and then we performed the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic glucose clamp technique to estimate insulin sensitivity. Systolic blood pressure was measured weekly for 6 wk. At the end of the glucose clamp, the soleus muscle was dissected out for determination of muscle fiber composition by ATPase methods. Systolic blood pressure was elevated at 2 wk after the start of the fructose-rich chow feeding and persisted thereafter throughout the study. Systolic blood pressure during the glucose clamp in the FFR group was significantly higher than that in the control group. Although there was no effect on systolic blood pressure in rats treated with TSJN for the last 2 wk of their 6-wk diet, those treated with TSJN for the last 4 wk of their 6-wk diet had lower systolic blood pressure than did the rats in the FFR group. The average rate of glucose infusion during the glucose clamp, as a measure of insulin sensitivity (M value), was significantly lower in the FFR than in the controls (10.9 +/- 0.6 and 15.4 +/- 0.4, mg/kg/min, for FFR and controls, respectively; p< 0.01). Treatment with TSJN for 2 wk significantly improved the M value compared to that of the control level (15.1 +/- 0.5 mg/kg/min). The composite ratio of type I fibers in the soleus muscle was significantly decreased in the FFR compared to controls (75.0 +/- 1.7 and 81.7 +/- 1.5%, for FFR and controls, respectively; p< 0.01), and treatment with TSJN for 2 wk led to a recovery composite ratio of type I fiber to the same level as that of the control group (78.7 +/- 1.7% in FFR + TS). The M value was significantly correlated with the compositions of type I and type II fibers (for type I fibers, r= 0.45, p < 0.01, for type II fibers, r= -0.44, p< 0.05). These results suggest that the Chinese medicine TSJN may improve insulin resistance, lower the systolic blood pressure, and modulate muscle fiber composition in hypertensive and insulin-resistant fructose-fed rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Li
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Japan
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Torii T, Fukuta M, Habuchi O. Sulfation of sialyl N-acetyllactosamine oligosaccharides and fetuin oligosaccharides by keratan sulfate Gal-6-sulfotransferase. Glycobiology 2000; 10:203-11. [PMID: 10642612 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/10.2.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously cloned keratan sulfate Gal-6-sulfotransferase (KSGal6ST), which transfers sulfate from 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate to position 6 of Gal residue of keratan sulfate. In this study, we examined whether KSGal6ST could transfer sulfate to sialyl N -acetyllactosamine oligosaccharides or fetuin oligo-saccharides. KSGal6ST expressed in COS-7 cells catalyzed transfer of sulfate to NeuAcalpha2-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAc (3'SLN), NeuAcalpha2-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4Gl cNAc (SL1L1), NeuAcalpha2-3Galbeta1-4(6-sulfo)GlcNAcbeta1-3(6-sulfo) Galbeta1-4(6-su lfo)GlcNAc (SL2L4), and their desialylated derivatives except for Galbeta1-4GlcNAc, but not to NeuAcalpha2-3Galbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-3)GlcNAc (SLex). When the sulfated product formed from 3'SLN was degraded with neuraminidase and reduced with NaBH(4), the resulting sulfated disaccharide alditol showed the same retention time in SAX-HPLC as that of [(3)H]Gal(6SO(4))beta1-4GlcNAc-ol. KSGal6ST also catalyzed sulfation of fetuin. When the sulfated oligosaccharides released from the sulfated fetuin after sequential digestion with proteinase and neuraminidase were subjected to a reaction sequence of hydrazin-olysis, deaminative cleavage and NaBH(4)reduction, the major product was co-eluted with [(3)H]Gal(6SO(4))beta1-4anhydromannitol in SAX-HPLC. These observations show that KSGal6ST is able to sulfate position 6 of Gal residue of 3'SLN and fetuin oligosaccharides. The relative rates of the sulfation of SL2L4 was much higher than the rate of the sulfation of keratan sulfate. These results suggest that KSGal6ST may function in the sulfation of sialyl N -acetyllactosamine oligosaccharide chains attached to glycoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Torii
- Department of Life Science, Aichi University of Education, Igaya-cho, Kariya, Aichi 448-8542, Japan
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Tsuchihashi K, Takizawa H, Torii T, Ikeda R, Nakahara N, Yuda S, Kobayashi N, Nakata T, Ura N, Shimamoto K. Hypoparathyroidism potentiates cardiovascular complications through disturbed calcium metabolism: possible risk of vitamin D(3) analog administration in dialysis patients with end-stage renal disease. Nephron Clin Pract 2000; 84:13-20. [PMID: 10644903 DOI: 10.1159/000045533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Progressive cardiovascular calcification in dialysis patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a serious complication; however, the precise mechanism remains uncertain. We tested whether metabolic calcium abnormalities and hypoparathyroidism might have a correlation with cardiovascular complications in ESRD patients. METHODS A series of 48 ESRD patients with cardiovascular diseases and/or congestive heart failure, aged 36-82 (61 +/- 12) years, 23 male and 25 female, were enrolled in this study. Serum total calcium (Ca, mmol/l), inorganic phosphate (mmol/l), and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH, pg/ml) levels were determined in all cases. RESULTS Organic heart disease was confirmed in 28 patients (58.3%), including 15 with coronary artery disease: 8 with aortic aneurysm, 8 with stenotic valvular heart disease, 9 with excessive mitral annular calcification, 3 with dialysis cardiomyopathy, and 7 with obstructive arterial disease. Serum iPTH measurement revealed hypoparathyroidism (iPTH <60) in 20 of 48 (41.7%) and hyperthyroidism (iPTH >/=200) in 13 of 48 (27.1%) subjects. The 20 patients with low iPTH had a higher prevalence of valvular heart disease, a higher total Ca level corrected for serum albumin (2.70 +/- 0.30 in low iPTH vs. 2.47 +/- 0.30 in normal iPTH, 2.35 +/- 0.20 in high iPTH, p = 0.003) and a higher tendency of vitamin D(3) analog use (65% in low iPTH vs. 33% in normal iPTH and 46% in high iPTH, p = 0.078). Moreover, corrected serum Ca exhibited a negative logarithmic correlation with serum iPTH: corrected Ca = -0.284x log (iPTH) + 3.021 (r = 0.637, p = 0.0001). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed diabetes and hypoparathyroidism (iPTH <60) as risk factors for cardiovascular complications in ESRD. CONCLUSION These results suggest that hypercalcemia and hypoparathyroidism in conjunction with vitamin D(3) use might play an important role in cardiovascular complications of chronic dialysis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tsuchihashi
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
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Kawakami H, Takai S, Maruyama H, Torii T, Kitamura T, Miyachi T, Nakamura S. Assignment of Neurod1 to rat chromosome 3 band 3q24-->q32 and mouse chromosome 2 band 2E2-E3 by in situ hybridization. Cytogenet Cell Genet 1999; 86:325-6. [PMID: 10575234 DOI: 10.1159/000015327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H Kawakami
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, Hiroshima, Japan.
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Takagawa Y, Ura N, Nanba M, Agata J, Higashiura K, Torii T, Takada M, Shimamoto K. The contribution of nitric oxide to diuretic and natriuretic effects of renal kinins in normotensive rats. Hypertens Res 1999; 22:129-34. [PMID: 10487329 DOI: 10.1291/hypres.22.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We have reported that diuresis and natriuresis due to increase in renal kinins induced by the neutral endopeptidase 24.11 (NEP) inhibitor were attenuated by nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor. To further clarify the water-sodium excretory mechanism of renal kinins, we estimated NO2+NO3 (NOx) and cGMP in plasma and urine with and without a specific NEP inhibitor, thiorphan. P-aminohippuric acid (PAH) and inulin were injected into male Sprague-Dawley rats. Vehicle (n = 8) or thiorphan (30 mg/kg, n = 10) was injected after the control period. Mean blood pressure (MBP), plasma and urinary PAH, inulin, NOx and cGMP, urinary volume (UV) and urinary sodium excretion (UNaV) were measured before and after injection of the reagents. MBP, renal plasma flow and glomerular filtration rate were not affected by thiorphan. Plasma NOx and cGMP with thiorphan did not differ from the vehicle, while urinary NOx and cGMP increased. None of the variables were affected by vehicle. UV and UNaV were higher with thiorphan than with vehicle. Positive correlation was found between urinary deltaNOx and deltacGMP. Each urinary deltaNOx and deltacGMP was significantly correlated to both deltaUV and deltaUNaV. Urinary NOx and cGMP were increased while maintaining correlations to UV and UNaV, but plasma NOx and cGMP were not affected by thiorphan. This implies that the mechanism of water-sodium excretion induced by NEP inhibitor is mediated by renal NO. Therefore, renal NO may contribute to the diuretic and natriuretic effects of renal kinins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Takagawa
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Japan
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Hagiwara A, Sakakura C, Shirasu M, Torii T, Hirata Y, Yamagishi H. Sigmoidofiberscopic incision plus balloon dilatation for anastomotic cicatricial stricture after anterior resection of the rectum. World J Surg 1999; 23:717-20. [PMID: 10390593 DOI: 10.1007/pl00012375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We describe the procedure and examine the therapeutic efficacy of a combination of sigmoidofiberscopic incision plus balloon dilatation for tubular stricture by thick, long scar tissue at the colorectal anastomosis after anterior resection for rectal cancer. Balloon dilatation alone does not always relieve the strictures, although this method is the usual therapy for this condition. Five patients were identified in whom the stricture was not improved with balloon dilatation alone. Of these five patients, three complained of difficulty defecating, a feeling of incomplete evacuation, residual feces, and lower abdominal fullness. The remaining two patients, who had transverse colostomy to treat major leakage at the anastomosis, showed no symptoms. All five patients underwent the combination therapy described below. Two or three small radial incisions were made in the scar of the stricture with electrocautery under fiberscopic vision. Then the strictural scar was split and loosened bluntly along the incisions over a 15- to 20-minute period with a balloon dilator. This procedure was performed once or twice at a 2-week interval. In all five patients the stricture was improved according to objective criteria. There was also an improvement in the subjective symptoms suffered by three patients. The improvements were maintained over observation periods of 9 to 15 months. No complications were observed. Sigmoidofiberscopic incision plus balloon dilatation is an effective, safe therapy for cicatricial strictures after anterior resection for rectal cancer when the strictures have failed to improve following balloon dilatation alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hagiwara
- First Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine. Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602, Japan
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Kaide J, Ura N, Torii T, Nakagawa M, Takada T, Shimamoto K. Effects of digoxin-specific antibody Fab fragment (Digibind) on blood pressure and renal water-sodium metabolism in 5/6 reduced renal mass hypertensive rats. Am J Hypertens 1999; 12:611-9. [PMID: 10371371 DOI: 10.1016/s0895-7061(99)00029-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of increased endogenous digitalis-like factor (EDLF) in volume-expanded hypertension has been generally agreed. To further clarify the role of EDLF on the development of hypertension and renal water-sodium handling in 5/6 reduced renal mass hypertensive rats (RRM), we studied the effects of acute administration of digoxin-specific antibody Fab fragment (Digibind) in the early phase and the chronic phase of hypertension in RRM. RRM and sham-operated rats were given 1% saline for 1 or 4 weeks. RRM were injected Digibind (60 mg/kg) or vehicle (0.9% saline) intravenously in the first or fourth week under thiobutabarbital anesthesia. All sham-operated rats were administered Digibind under the same condition. Digibind altered neither blood pressure, heart rate, urine volume, nor urinary sodium excretion in sham-operated rats. However, Digibind produced a gradual but significant decline in mean arterial pressure to the level slightly above that in sham-operated rats from 153 +/- 5 to 131 +/- 5 mm Hg in the first week and from 181 +/- 6 to 129 +/- 4 mm Hg in the fourth week without any significant change in heart rate. The decrease in mean arterial pressure at 160 min after Digibind administration in the fourth week (-48 +/- 5 mm Hg) was greater than that in the first week (-22 +/- 4 mm Hg). No differences were observed in urine volume, urinary sodium excretion, or plasma norepinephrine concentration between Digibind and vehicle-treated RRM in either week. These data suggest that EDLF would contribute to both the early and chronic phase in the development of hypertension in RRM.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kaide
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Japan
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Abstract
Recent reports have revealed that Nurr1 (also known as NOT/TINUR/RNR-1/HZF-3), a member of the steroid/thyroid hormone nuclear receptor superfamily, is predominantly expressed in the midbrain; substantia nigra (SN) and ventral tegmental area (VTA). Nurr1 null mice are born lethal, lacking the midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons, suggesting that Nurr1 is essential for the development and differentiation of midbrain DA neurons. Human Nurr1 gene has been mapped on chromosome 2q22-23, which is reported to associate weakly with schizophrenia. We cloned and sequenced the human Nurr1 gene, which is approximately 8.3kb long, consisting of eight exons and seven introns. Comparisons of the human Nurr1 with the mouse Nurr1, mouse Nur77 and human NOR-1 revealed that their genomic structures were highly conserved. The 5'-flanking region of the human Nurr1 included three transcriptional regulatory elements, cAMP-response element (CRE), CArG-like element and Sp-1 site, which were surrounded by CpG island, and showed a strong homology with the mouse Nurr1. We performed a primer extension analysis using mRNA from HeLa S3 cells stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), Ca2+ ionophore A23187 and cycloheximide (CHX) in order to induce the Nurr1 mRNA expression, and determined one transcription initiation site within CRE. The transient transfection assay indicates that the regulatory elements in the 5'-flanking region are robust for mitogen-induced expression of the human Nurr1. Further analysis of the polymorphism of the human Nurr1 gene may reveal the association with diseases characterized by changes of the DA system, such as Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Torii
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 7348551, Japan
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Sugawara Y, Mizugaki Y, Uchida T, Torii T, Imai S, Makuuchi M, Takada K. Detection of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in hepatocellular carcinoma tissue: a novel EBV latency characterized by the absence of EBV-encoded small RNA expression. Virology 1999; 256:196-202. [PMID: 10191184 DOI: 10.1006/viro.1999.9619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in liver tissue from 35 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). EBV DNA was detected in 13 patients (37%) by Southern blot hybridization. In 10 of these patients, EBV DNA was present in tumor tissue only, whereas in the other 3, it was detected in both tumor and nontumor tissues. The quantity of EBV DNA detected was equivalent to 1-10 viral DNA molecules/100 cells. EBV-determined nuclear antigen was detected in 7-13% of the carcinoma cells in three tumor tissue samples that contained approximately one copy of the EBV genome/10 cells. A single terminal fragment of EBV DNA was identified in these tissues, suggesting that the EBV-infected cells in HCC represent clonal proliferation. Western blotting and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analyses demonstrated that these three tumor tissue specimens were positive for EBV-determined nuclear antigen 1 and BamHI A transcripts but were negative for the other latent EBV products, including EBV-encoded small RNA. The results indicated that there is a high EBV load in HCC tissue and that all of the HCC tissue examined showed a novel pattern of EBV latency characterized by absence of EBV-encoded small RNA expression.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Blotting, Southern
- Blotting, Western/methods
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/virology
- DNA, Viral/analysis
- Female
- Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect
- Gene Expression
- Herpesviridae Infections/pathology
- Herpesviridae Infections/virology
- Herpesvirus 4, Human/genetics
- Herpesvirus 4, Human/isolation & purification
- Herpesvirus 4, Human/physiology
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms/virology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- RNA, Viral/analysis
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods
- Tumor Virus Infections/pathology
- Tumor Virus Infections/virology
- Virus Latency
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Sugawara
- Cancer Institute, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, N15 W7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
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Hijiya T, Yamashita K, Kojima M, Uchida Y, Katayama S, Torii T, Shiragami H, Izawa K. An economical synthesis of famciclovir. Nucleosides Nucleotides 1999; 18:653-4. [PMID: 10432659 DOI: 10.1080/15257779908041530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
An economical synthesis of famciclovir from N-2-acetyl-7-benzylguanine by a novel regioselective alkylation with the diester cyclopropane compound was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hijiya
- AminoScience Laboratories, Ajinomoto Co. Inc., Kawasaki, Japan
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Hasegawa N, Torii T, Nagaoka I, Nakayasu K, Miyajima H, Habuchi O. Measurement of activities of human serum sulfotransferases which transfer sulfate to the galactose residues of keratan sulfate and to the nonreducing end N-acetylglucosamine residues of N-acetyllactosamine trisaccharide: comparison between normal controls and patients with macular corneal dystrophy. J Biochem 1999; 125:245-52. [PMID: 9990120 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a022280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human serum sulfotransferase activities were measured in normal controls and patients with macular corneal dystrophy (MCD), an inherited disorder characterized by the decreased sulfation of keratan sulfate in the corneal stroma and serum, using two kinds of acceptor: partially desulfated keratan sulfate and a trisaccharide with a GlcNAc residue at the nonreducing terminal, GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAc. When partially desulfated keratan sulfate was used as the acceptor, only sulfotransferase activity which transfers sulfate to position 6 of the Gal residues was detected. In contrast, when GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAc was used as the acceptor, sulfotransferase activity which transfers sulfate to position 6 of the nonreducing terminal GlcNAc residue could be detected. Although keratan sulfate levels in the sera of MCD patients determined by ELISA were much lower than those in normal controls, there were no detectable differences in either the sulfotransferase activity responsible for the sulfation of position 6 of Gal residues or that responsible for the sulfation of position 6 of nonreducing end GlcNAc residues between normal controls and MCD patients. These results suggest that the sulfotransferase involved in the sulfation of keratan sulfate, which is assumed to be deficient in MCD patients, may not be secreted into the serum, and that direct measurement of the sulfotransferase activity present in affected tissues such as the cornea instead of serum may be necessary to confirm the postulated deficiency in the biosynthesis of keratan sulfate in MCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Hasegawa
- Department of Life Science, Aichi University of Education, Igaya-cho, Kariya, Aichi, 448-8542, Japan
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Torii T, Konishi K, Sample J, Takada K. The truncated form of the Epstein-Barr virus LMP-1 is dispensable or complimentable by the full-length form in virus infection and replication. Virology 1998; 251:273-8. [PMID: 9837791 DOI: 10.1006/viro.1998.9411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent membrane protein-1 (LMP-1) gene of the Akata virus strain was cloned, and its nucleotide sequence was determined. Compared with the B95-8 strain, the translation initiation codon for the truncated LMP-1 gene, which is expressed in the lytic cycle, was lost. Immunoblotting showed that Akata EBV produces no truncated LMP-1 protein in any state and that the full-length LMP-1 protein is expressed at a significant level during lytic infection. The results suggest that the truncated LMP-1 protein is dispensable for EBV infection and replication or that the full-length form can "functionally" complement the truncated form if the truncated form has a function.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Torii
- Cancer Institute, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
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Fukuta M, Inazawa J, Torii T, Tsuzuki K, Shimada E, Habuchi O. Molecular cloning and characterization of human keratan sulfate Gal-6-sulfotransferase. J Biol Chem 1997; 272:32321-8. [PMID: 9405439 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.272.51.32321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously cloned chondroitin 6-sulfotransferase (C6ST) cDNA from chick embryo chondrocytes. C6ST catalyzes sulfation of chondroitin, keratan sulfate, and sialyl N-acetyllactosamine oligosaccharides. In this study, we report the cloning and characterization of a novel sulfotransferase that catalyzes sulfation of keratan sulfate. This new sulfotransferase cDNA clone was obtained from a human fetal brain library by cross-hybridization with chick C6ST cDNA. The cDNA clone obtained contains a single open reading frame that predicts a type II transmembrane protein composed of 411 amino acid residues. When the cDNA was introduced into a eukaryotic expression vector and transfected in COS-7 cells, keratan sulfate sulfotransferase activity was overexpressed, but C6ST activity was not increased over that of the control. Structural analysis of 35S-labeled glycosaminoglycan, which was formed from keratan sulfate by the reaction with 35S-labeled 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate and the recombinant sulfotransferase, showed that keratan sulfate was sulfated at position 6 of Gal residues. On the basis of the acceptor substrate specificity, we propose keratan sulfate Gal-6-sulfotransferase (KSGal6ST) for the name of the newly cloned sulfotransferase. KSGal6ST was assigned to chromosome 11p11. 1-11.2 by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Among various human adult tissues, a 2.8-kilobase message of KSGal6ST was expressed mainly in the brain. When poly(A)+ RNAs from the chick embryo cornea and brain were probed with the human KSGal6ST cDNA in Northern hybridization, a clear band with about 2.8 kilobases was detected. These observations suggest that KSGal6ST may participate in the biosynthesis of keratan sulfate in the brain and cornea.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fukuta
- Department of Life Science, Aichi University of Education, Kariya, Aichi 448, Japan
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Hayashi M, Shimamoto K, Tsuchihashi K, Ishiguro T, Torii T, Sawai N, Mukai H, Iimura O. Role of renal dopaminergic activity on renal sodium-water metabolism in congestive heart failure. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 1996; 23:874-7. [PMID: 8911728 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.1996.tb01136.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
1. The role of the renal dopaminergic system in water-sodium metabolism in heart failure remains unclear. 2. In this study, the urinary free dopamine excretion (uDA), delivery of L-dopa to renal proximal tubules (plasma L-dopa x creatinine clearance (Ccr)), and the production of dopamine in the kidney [uDA/(plasma L-dopa x Ccr)] were investigated in patients with congestive heart failure (n = 30) and in normal controls (n = 12). In both groups, endogenous Ccr, urinary excretion of sodium (UNaV), fractional excretion of sodium (FENa), plasma noradrenaline concentration (pNA) and plasma L-dopa concentration were also estimated. 3. uDA, plasma L-dopa, delivery of L-dopa and dopamine production in the kidney showed successively lower values in congestive heart failure with progression in NYHA functional class. 4. UNaV (r = 0.458, P < 0.05) and Ccr (r = 0.539, P < 0.01) positively correlated with uDA. Linear correlations were found between left ventricular ejection fraction and uDA (r = 0.574, P < 0.01), pNA (r = -0.495, P < 0.01) or plasma L-dopa (r = 0.423, P < 0.05). 5. From these findings, it was suggested that (i) uDA was clearly suppressed in patients with CHF, and (ii) the possible mechanisms of its suppression might be due to decrease of delivery of L-dopa into the proximal tubules and suppressed production of dopamine from L-dopa in the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hayashi
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Japan
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