[The self-rating of life quality by workers of metal-processing industry]

The cross-sectional study of subjective assessment of quality of life of 300 employees of main professions of metalworking industrial production working in harmful labor environment (classes 3.1-3.4) was carried out using validated Russian version of the WHO QOL-BREF questionnaire. The software Statistica 10 was applied for statistical analysis. The statistical processing of study results was performed by calculating arithmetic mean (M), standard deviation (SD) and presented as M±SD. The non-parametric statistical methods were applied to compare two independent samples: the Mann-Whitney U criterion, the Spearman rank correlation coefficient. The data differences and correlations between the data at p<0.05 were considered statistically significant. Based on the results of analysis, satisfaction of employees with quality of life across all domains was established. The quality of life indicators were independent of gender of respondents. With age and experience, decrease of indicators for all domains was established. High indicators for physical health domain and subjective assessment of health status in examined group can be explained from the standpoint of the "healthy worker effect", but concealment of information about true state of health cannot be ruled out. The metal industry workers working in harmful labor conditions are conditionally healthy and active. There is a need for additional research to obtain objective assessment of their health status.

C60 adduct with L-arginine as a promising nanomaterial for treating cerebral ischemic stroke

The work aimed to investigate the biocompatibility and biological activity of the water-soluble fullerene adduct C60-Arg. It was found that the material is haemocompatible, is not cyto- and genotoxic, possesses pronounced antioxidant activity. Additionally, this paper outlines the direction of application of water-soluble fullerene adducts in the creation of neuroprotectors. It has been suggested that a putative mechanism of the protective action of the C60-Arg adduct is associated with its antioxidant properties, the ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier, and release nitrogen monoxide as a result of the catabolism of L-arginine residues, which promote vascular relaxation. The action of the C60-Arg adduct was compared with the action of such an antioxidant as Edaravone, which is approved in Japan for the treatment of ischemic and haemorrhagic strokes.

[The modern characteristics of occupational morbidity of agriculture workers]

On the basis of updated data from 82 subjects of the Russian Federation multivariate analysis of occupational diseases of agricultural workers was implemented. It is established that in unhealthy work conditions are characteristic for 30% of workers in the agricultural sector. In the enterprises of agriculture, the percentage of workplaces not meeting sanitary hygienic standards made up to 35%. The high etiologic pathogenic relationship between nosological form of disease and working conditions in the profession is established. Most often, the occupational pathology was developed in agricultural workers in case of conditions of physical overload (37.2%), effecting of physical factors (26.8%) and contact with infected animals (14.6%). In nosological structure of accumulated occupational diseases the first place took radiculopathy of cervical and lumbar sacral levels (23%), the second - vibration disease (15.3%), followed by brucellosis (14.6%), the fourth - neuro-sensory deafness (11.5%). The regions of the Russian Federation are characterized by pronounced heterogeneity both related to general level of registered occupational diseases and its nosological spectrum. In the whole, in Russia during 2011-2015 persistent trend of decreasing of occupational diseases morbidity of agricultural workers was marked.

[Occupational risk for agricultural workers health, hygienic aspects of its assessment and management (literature review)]

The authors analyzed the facts of contemporary work conditions of agricultural production, which are given in non-fiction. The results of analysis showed up occupational hazard factors of agricultural workers health. The authors determined foreground directions of effective managerial decisions developing, concerning its minimization and elimination.

[Biological effects of chronic radiation exposure on plant populations]

The findings from long-term field studies on biological effects in plant populations inhabiting radioactively contaminated territories contrast in levels and compositions of dose-forming radionuclides are presented. Plant populations developing under radioactive impact show enhanced frequencies of gene and chromosome mutations, and their reproductive potential is inferior to reference populations. Even relatively low levels of technogenic impact are able to increase genetic diversity and destroy regularities inherent for intact populations. Chronic radiation exposure from a certain level appears to be an ecological factor changing genetic structure of wild populations. Data presented indicate the presence of adaptation processes in plant populations in territories with technogenic impact. Under ecological stress, there are selection processes for resistance improvement in plant populations. But an appearance and rate of this process can essentially differ in dependence on radioecological conditions.

[Hygienic characteristics of work conditions and health state parameters in workers of chemical enterprise complex]

The authors presented hygienic characteristics of industrial processes in chemical industrial complex (methacrylic acid, sodium cyanide) and results of work conditions influence on workers' health state through periodic medical examinations data.

[Genetic variability in Scots pine populations from the Bryansk region contaminated by radioactive pollutants as a result of the Chernobyl NPP accident]

The method of isozymic analysis of megagametophytes is used for an estimation of genetic variability in populations of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), inhabiting contrast on the level of radioactive contamination (60-17800 Bq/kg on 137Cs) sites in the Bryansk region, undergone to radioactive pollution as a result of the Chernobyl accident. Values of all investigated parameters of genetic variability (heterozygosity, frequency of polymorphic loci, Jivotovski index) and frequencies of the mutations for loss of enzymatic activity increase with a doze absorbed by critical organs of pine trees. Presented data show that a high level of mutation occurrence is intrinsic for descendants (seeds) of pine trees in the investigated populations, and genetic diversity in the populations is essentially conditioned by radiation exposure.

[Work conditions and occupational morbidity among agricultural workers]

The authors analysed contemporary work conditions in major branches of agriculture production, revealed jeopardy and harmfulness of main occupational hazards, evaluated occupational risk for agricultural workers' health. The article contains parameters and structure of occupational morbidity, main measures for preserving safe work conditions and agricultural workers' health.

[Evaluation of workplaces concerning work conditions and its role in occupational risk management among agricultural workers]

Evaluation of workplaces with subsequent certification on work safety could serve as a means solving problem of lower occupational risk for health and life among agricultural workers.

[The characteristics of the lymphocyte subpopulation composition and its clinical significance in bacterial carriers of toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae]

In 43 carriers of toxigenic C. diphtheriae the antigenic picture of lymphocyte membranes was studied by the method of flow cytofluorometry. The study revealed that at the time of the hospitalization of the carriers a decrease in the number of CD21+ and HDL-DR+ lymphocytes was a prognostically important criterion for the formation of carrier state, while a decrease in the content of natural killers (CD16+) was characteristic of prolonged forms of carrier state. The necessity of the study of cellular immunity factors in carriers at the time of their hospitalization and the expediency of the inclusion of immunocorrective therapy into the individual schemes of their treatment were substantiated.

[The lymphocyte phenotype of patients with different forms of diphtheritic infection and of bacterial carriers]

The subpopulation composition of lymphocytes in patients with different forms of diphtheria infection before treatment was studied by the method of laser cytometry with the use of monoclonal antibodies. Statistically significant differences in the characteristics of cell-mediated immunity between groups of diphtheria patients and carriers were obtained. In cases of diphtheria with different degrees of severity an essential decrease in the content of T-lymphocytes and B-lymphocytes was established. The most prolonged changes affected cells carrying differentiating antigens CD3, CD4, CD8, CD72. Their number increased by day 5 of the disease, while the number of activated cells (CD21 and HLA-DR) progressively decreased. The correlation between the gravity of the course of diphtheria infection and the state of T-cell-mediated immunity was established.

[Evaluation of health status of agricultural machine operators and agriculture students]

To lower morbidity with transitory disablement, to better primary prophylaxis and health preservation for machine operators and professional training students, a system of therapeutic and sanitary measures is to be put into practice. Those measures include improved organization of medical care, better hygienic conditions, safe work and healthy lifestyle of the examinees.

[The neuromorphological basis of the therapeutic action of neurohumoral factors from the cerebrospinal fluid]

The influence of the donor's cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) on retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) from lumbar cord segments to neurons of the sensomotor cortex (SMC) in rats after the left SMC damage was studied. The CSF of convalescents (21 days after damage) and CSF of normal rats was shown to activate the transport of HRP to neurons of the SMC of undamaged hemisphere in the recipients (second day after damage).

[Immunoglobulin E level in acute Yersinia infection]

IgG, IgE, IgA, IgM levels were measured in patients with yersiniosis (generalized or mixed variant). Acute period of the disease (week 1-2) was associated with elevated levels of IgE in 59.1% of the patients which returned to normal on week 4-6. Time course changes in IgA, IgG and IgM concentrations were related to the synthesis of specific antibodies. IgE level rise can be considered a defence mechanism contributing to elimination of yersinia antigens from the body.

[Subcellular mechanisms of the action of weak extra-low frequency electromagnetic fields on the cerebral cortex]

Electron microscopic examinations of the cerebral cortex in rabbits and rats after exposure to weak extra-low electromagnetic fields has detected ultrastructural changes whose degree in different nerve tissue elements was dependent on the duration of irradiation. Single exposure to weak extra-low electromagnetic field resulted only in the glial response of the neocortex, while multiple exposure resulted alternately in the response of glial cells or neuronal bodies. Three days after a single exposure and within 15 days after multiple exposure to electromagnetic field a complete repair of the nervous tissue was observed. No destructive or pathological alterations have been found which suggests the functional character of the reactions induced. Neuro-morphological alterations are of a similar character when induced by weak extra-low electromagnetic fields or other biophysical effects which points to common subcellular mechanisms of nonspecific adaptive reactions.

[Ultrastructural changes in the cerebral cortex following transcranial micropolarization]

Electron microscopy of the cerebral cortex in cats and monkeys following transcranial micropolarization (TCMP) demonstrated ultrastructural changes whose degree was dependent on the electric current intensity and the stimulation period. In the focus of stimulation the current affected the brain tissue directly, different elements of the cerebral cortex showing unegual sensitivity to various TCMP regimens. The glia was the first to respond, then the neuronal bodies, and the last -- the synaptic structures. In the areas distant from the TCMP focus synaptic components altered first. The ultrastructural changes revealed were not of pathological character.

[Citrobacter persistence in the intestinal tract of guinea pigs depending on the microecological status]

Gnotobiological studies were conducted on germ-free guinea pigs. Association of the animals with the citrobacteria 5396/38 strain led to the reproduction of these bacteria in numbers exceeding the sum total number of all the representatives of the normal microbial flora in the conventional animals. Association lasting for a period of 46 days caused no antibody formation in the blood serum of these animals in difference to conventional guinea pigs immunized parenterally. Conventionalization of the monoflora guinea pigs served as the beginning of population of the intestinal tract by other microbial representatives which replaced the first culture. Biochemical properties of the citrobacteria strains isolated from the monoflora strains were identical to the properties of the initial culture. After the monoflora animals were let out of the isolation cage the citrobacteria strains displayed changes of some differential-diagnostic signs. Passage through the macroorganism of the citrobacteria stain proved to lead to the changes in the antigenic structure.