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Hemmerle A, Aubert N, Moreno T, Kékicheff P, Heinrich B, Spagnoli S, Goldmann M, Ciatto G, Fontaine P. Opportunities and new developments for the study of surfaces and interfaces in soft condensed matter at the SIRIUS beamline of Synchrotron SOLEIL. J Synchrotron Radiat 2024; 31:162-176. [PMID: 37933848 PMCID: PMC10833424 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577523008810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
The SIRIUS beamline of Synchrotron SOLEIL is dedicated to X-ray scattering and spectroscopy of surfaces and interfaces, covering the tender to mid-hard X-ray range (1.1-13 keV). The beamline has hosted a wide range of experiments in the field of soft interfaces and beyond, providing various grazing-incidence techniques such as diffraction and wide-angle scattering (GIXD/GIWAXS), small-angle scattering (GISAXS) and X-ray fluorescence in total reflection (TXRF). SIRIUS also offers specific sample environments tailored for in situ complementary experiments on solid and liquid surfaces. Recently, the beamline has added compound refractive lenses associated with a transfocator, allowing for the X-ray beam to be focused down to 10 µm × 10 µm while maintaining a reasonable flux on the sample. This new feature opens up new possibilities for faster GIXD measurements at the liquid-air interface and for measurements on samples with narrow geometries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Hemmerle
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, Départementale 128, 91190 Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Nicolas Aubert
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, Départementale 128, 91190 Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Thierry Moreno
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, Départementale 128, 91190 Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Patrick Kékicheff
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, Départementale 128, 91190 Saint-Aubin, France
- Institut Charles Sadron, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS UPR22, 67034 Strasbourg, France
| | - Benoît Heinrich
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS UMR7504, 67034 Strasbourg, France
| | - Sylvie Spagnoli
- Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, UMR 7588 CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Michel Goldmann
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, Départementale 128, 91190 Saint-Aubin, France
- Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, UMR 7588 CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Gianluca Ciatto
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, Départementale 128, 91190 Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Philippe Fontaine
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, Départementale 128, 91190 Saint-Aubin, France
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2
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Torres-Agullo A, Karanasiou A, Moreno T, Lacorte S. Airborne microplastic particle concentrations and characterization in indoor urban microenvironments. Environ Pollut 2022; 308:119707. [PMID: 35803441 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Airborne microplastics (MPs) have recently drawn the attention of the scientific community due to their possible human inhalation risk. Indoor environments are of relevance as people spend about 90% of their time indoors. This study evaluated MPs concentrations in three indoor environments: houses, public transport and working places, which are representative of urban life. Sampling involved the collection of airborne particulate matter on nylon 20 μm pore size filters. Samples were first visually inspected, and particles were characterized (colour, length or area). Polymer identification was performed through μFTIR analysis. Working conditions were controlled to guarantee quality assurance and avoid background contamination. Limits of detection, recovery tests and repeatability were performed with home-made polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polystyrene (PS) standards. The highest average MP concentrations were found in buses (17.3 ± 2.4 MPs/m3) followed by 5.8 ± 1.9 MPs/m3 in subways, 4.8 ± 1.6 MPs/m3 in houses, and 4.2 ± 1.6 MPs/m3 in the workplaces. Polyamide, PA (51%), polyester PES (48%) and PP (1%) were the polymers identified and most common in personal care products and synthetic textiles. Most of these polymers were below 100 μm in size for both fibres (64 ± 8%) and fragments (78 ± 11%). The frequency of MP particles in our study decreased with increasing size, which points to their potential as an inhalation hazard.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Torres-Agullo
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research of the Spanish Research Council (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Karanasiou
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research of the Spanish Research Council (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - T Moreno
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research of the Spanish Research Council (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Lacorte
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research of the Spanish Research Council (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
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3
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Balasch A, López M, Reche C, Viana M, Moreno T, Eljarrat E. Exposure of e-waste dismantlers from a formal recycling facility in Spain to inhalable organophosphate and halogenated flame retardants. Chemosphere 2022; 294:133775. [PMID: 35104541 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Concentration levels of 16 organophosphate esters (OPEs) and 18 halogenated flame retardants (HFRs) were measured in airborne fine particulate matter (PM2.5) from an e-waste dismantling facility in Catalonia (Spain) to assess their occurrence, profiles and potential health risks. Three different areas from the facility were studied, including an area for cathodic ray-tube (CRT) TV dismantling, a grinding area, and the outdoor background. OPEs and HFRs were detected in all samples, with concentrations between 10.4 and 110 ng/m3 for OPEs and from 0.72 to 2213 ng/m3 for HFRs. The compounds with highest concentrations in both working areas were triphenyl phosphate (TPHP) and tris(2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate (TCIPP) for OPEs and decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) for HFRs. Higher concentration levels were found in the CRT area compared to the grinding one, probably due to the lower ventilation and different types of e-waste being processed. OPEs were also detected in the solid e-waste from the facility, highlighting the need to evaluate pollutant levels in e-waste before proceeding to its re-use. Estimated daily intakes via inhalation during workday were calculated, as well as carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks, these being 25 and 50 times lower than threshold risk values in the worst cases, respectively. However, this calculated risk only considers the workday exposure via inhalation, while other routes of exposure (e.g., ingestion, dermal) could bring these values closer to threshold values.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Balasch
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA)-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M López
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA)-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Reche
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA)-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Viana
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA)-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - T Moreno
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA)-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Eljarrat
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA)-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain.
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Torres-Agullo A, Karanasiou A, Moreno T, Lacorte S. Overview on the occurrence of microplastics in air and implications from the use of face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sci Total Environ 2021; 800:149555. [PMID: 34426330 PMCID: PMC8520475 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollution from microplastics (MPs) in air is a matter of growing concern because of human health implications. Airborne MPs can be directly and continuously inhaled in air environments. Especially high MPs contributions can be found in indoor air due to the erosion and breakage of consumer, domestic and construction products, although there is little information available on their sources and concentrations and the risks they might pose. This is in part due to the fact that sampling and analysis of airborne MPs is a complex and multistep procedure where techniques used are not yet standardized. In this study, we provide an overview on the presence of MPs in indoor air, potential health impacts, the available methods for their sampling and detection and implications from the use of face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Torres-Agullo
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research of the Spanish Research Council (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Karanasiou
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research of the Spanish Research Council (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - T Moreno
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research of the Spanish Research Council (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Lacorte
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research of the Spanish Research Council (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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Kamel G, Lefrancois S, Moreno T, Al-Najdawi M, Momani Y, Abbadi A, Paolucci G, Dumas P. The first infrared beamline at the Middle East SESAME synchrotron facility. J Synchrotron Radiat 2021; 28:1927-1934. [PMID: 34738948 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577521008778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
SESAME (Synchrotron-light for Experimental Science and Applications in the Middle East) is the only synchrotron light facility in the Middle East and neighboring regions, officially opened in 2017. Among the identification and construction of the first operational beamlines, infrared spectromicroscopy was selected as one of the two beamlines to be opened to the general users' program (the so-called Day-1 beamlines). Being one of the most demanded techniques by various scientific communities in the Middle East, the beamline has been designed and implemented in the framework of a collaboration agreement with the French synchrotron facility, SOLEIL. The design, construction and initial performances of the IR beamline (D02-IR), nowadays operational, are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gihan Kamel
- SESAME Light Source (Synchrotron Light for Experimental Science and Applications in the Middle East), Allan, As-salt, Jordan
| | | | - Thierry Moreno
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, F-91192 Gif Sur Yvette, France
| | - Mohammad Al-Najdawi
- SESAME Light Source (Synchrotron Light for Experimental Science and Applications in the Middle East), Allan, As-salt, Jordan
| | - Yazeed Momani
- SESAME Light Source (Synchrotron Light for Experimental Science and Applications in the Middle East), Allan, As-salt, Jordan
| | - Anas Abbadi
- SESAME Light Source (Synchrotron Light for Experimental Science and Applications in the Middle East), Allan, As-salt, Jordan
| | - Giorgio Paolucci
- SESAME Light Source (Synchrotron Light for Experimental Science and Applications in the Middle East), Allan, As-salt, Jordan
| | - Paul Dumas
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, F-91192 Gif Sur Yvette, France
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Fernández-Arribas J, Moreno T, Bartrolí R, Eljarrat E. COVID-19 face masks: A new source of human and environmental exposure to organophosphate esters. Environ Int 2021; 154:106654. [PMID: 34051653 PMCID: PMC8130499 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
For the first time, organophosphate ester (OPE) content was studied in different types of surgical, self-filtering (KN95, FFP2, and FFP3) and reusable face masks used for COVID-19 prevention. OPEs were detected in all mask samples, although in highly variable amounts which ranged from 0.02 to a maximum of 27.7 µg/mask, with the highest mean concentrations obtained for KN95 masks (11.6 µg/mask) and the lowest for surgical masks (0.24 µg/mask). Twelve out of 16 tested analytes were detected, with TEP, TPHP, TNBP, TEHP and TClPP being the most common OPEs as well as present at the highest concentrations. The non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks of OPE inhalation were calculated as being always several orders of magnitude lower than threshold levels, indicating that the use of face masks is safe with regard to OPE contamination. However, given the wide range of OPEs observed in different masks, it can be concluded that some masks (e.g. reusable) are less OPE-contaminated than others (e.g. KN95). With regard to environmental pollution, the disposal of billions of face masks is adding to the already substantial levels of microplastics and associated toxic additives worldwide, an impact that is lessened by use of reusable masks, which also have the lowest economic cost per user. However, in situations of relatively high risk of viral inhalation, such as poorly ventilated indoor public spaces, we recommend the use of FFP2 masks.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Fernández-Arribas
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA)-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - T Moreno
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA)-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Bartrolí
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA)-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Eljarrat
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA)-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
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8
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N'Diaye A, Bordage A, Nataf L, Baudelet F, Moreno T, Bleuzen A. A cookbook for the investigation of coordination polymers by transition metal K-edge XMCD. J Synchrotron Radiat 2021; 28:1127-1136. [PMID: 34212876 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577521004884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In order to disentangle the physical effects at the origin of transition metal K-edge X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) in coordination polymers and quantify small structural distortions from the intensity of these signals, a systematic investigation of Prussian blue analogs as model compounds is being conducted. Here the effects of the temperature and of the external magnetic field are tackled; none of these external parameters modify the shape of the XMCD signal but they both critically modify its intensity. The optimized experimental conditions, as well as a reliable and robust normalization procedure, could thus be determined for the study of the intrinsic parameters. Through an extended discussion on measurements on other XMCD-dedicated beamlines and for other coordination compounds, we finally provide new transition metal K-edge XMCD users with useful information to initiate and successfully carry out their projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adama N'Diaye
- ICMMO, Université Paris Saclay, CNRS, 15 rue Georges Clémenceau, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Amélie Bordage
- ICMMO, Université Paris Saclay, CNRS, 15 rue Georges Clémenceau, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Lucie Nataf
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint Aubin, BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - François Baudelet
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint Aubin, BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Thierry Moreno
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint Aubin, BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Anne Bleuzen
- ICMMO, Université Paris Saclay, CNRS, 15 rue Georges Clémenceau, 91405 Orsay, France
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9
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Olivero-Verbel R, Moreno T, Fernández-Arribas J, Reche C, Minguillón MC, Martins V, Querol X, Johnson-Restrepo B, Eljarrat E. Organophosphate esters in airborne particles from subway stations. Sci Total Environ 2021; 769:145105. [PMID: 33485201 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
For the first time, the concentrations of 19 organophosphate esters (OPEs) were measured in airborne fine particulate matter (PM2.5) from subway stations in Barcelona (Spain) to investigate their occurrence, contamination profiles and associated health risks. OPEs were detected in all PM2.5 samples with levels ranging between 1.59 and 202 ng/m3 (mean value of 39.9 ng/m3). Seventeen out of 19 tested analytes were detected, with TDClPP, TClPP and TCEP being those presenting the highest concentrations. OPE concentrations are not driven by the same factors that determine the ambient PM2.5 concentrations of other constituents in the subway. Newer stations presented higher OPE levels, probably due to the materials used in the design of the platforms, with greater use of modern plastic materials versus older stations with tiles and stones. Estimated daily intakes via airborne particles inhalation during the time expended in subway stations were calculated, as well as the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks (CR and non-CR), all being much lower than the threshold risk values. Thus, subway inhalation exposure when standing on the platform to OPE's per se is not considered to be dangerous for commuters.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Olivero-Verbel
- University of Atlántico, Engineering School, Agroindustrial Engineering Program, Barranquilla, Colombia; Environmental Chemistry Research Group, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, San Pablo University Campus, University of Cartagena, 130015 Cartagena, Colombia
| | - T Moreno
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA)-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Fernández-Arribas
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA)-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Reche
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA)-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M C Minguillón
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA)-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - V Martins
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA)-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - X Querol
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA)-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - B Johnson-Restrepo
- Environmental Chemistry Research Group, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, San Pablo University Campus, University of Cartagena, 130015 Cartagena, Colombia
| | - E Eljarrat
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA)-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
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10
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Karanasiou A, Panteliadis P, Perez N, Minguillón MC, Pandolfi M, Titos G, Viana M, Moreno T, Querol X, Alastuey A. Evaluation of the Semi-Continuous OCEC analyzer performance with the EUSAAR2 protocol. Sci Total Environ 2020; 747:141266. [PMID: 32777506 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This work evaluates the applicability of the reference protocol EUSAAR2 in the Semi-Continuous OCEC analyzer under two environments, an urban background site influenced by traffic emissions and a regional background site. The comparison of the 24-h averaged OC and EC measurements of the Semi-Continuous analyzer with the OC and EC concentrations determined offline in PM2.5 24 h filters yielded very good agreement for both denuded and undenuded samples. In the urban background site, the regression for EC yielded a slope of 0.93 and 1.04 (b = 0.07 and 0.05, R2 = 0.83 and 0.84), for denuded and undenuded samples respectively. The slopes of OC regressions were 0.99 (b = -0.18, R2 = 0.81) for the low volume and 0.93 (b = 0.12, R2 = 0.84) for the high volume samples. In the regional background site, the slopes of the EC regression with the denuded and undenuded samples was 0.91 and 1.02 correspondingly (b = 0 and - 0.03, R2 = 0.77 and 0.89). The regression of OC had slopes close to 1; 1.03 for the high volume and 0.95 for the low volume sampler (b = 0.08 and 0.26, R2 = 0.78 and 0.78). BC measurements obtained by an aethalometer and MAAP were in very good agreement with EC at both sampling sites. BC levels were consistently higher than EC (slope of the regression aethalometer BC vs EC slope a = 1.2, intercept b = 0.19, R2 = 0.79, for the urban background site and a = 1.9, b = -0.04, R2 = 0.94, for the regional site, slope MAAP BC vs EC a = 1.2, b = 0.06, R2 = 0.94, for the urban background site and 1.7, b = -0.03, R2 = 0.96, for the regional site). This confirms the need of using the site-specific mass absorption cross section (MAC) instead of the ones provided by manufacturers for the conversion of absorption units into BC mass concentration. BC data correlated very well with the optical EC obtained from the semi-continuous OCEC analyzer (a = 1.3, b = 0.16, R2 = 0.80 for the urban background site and a = 1.7, b = 0.009, R2 = 0.94 for the regional site, respectively). The comparison of OC concentrations by the Semi-Continuous Sunset analyzer with organic aerosol online measurements by ACSM showed strong correlations. The ratio OA/OC was 1.9 and 2.3 for the urban background and regional sites. The accumulation of refractory material on the filter, because of prolonged periods of sampling, caused a shift of the split point to the inert mode and changes on PC formation and evolution. Extreme dust outbreaks lead to the overestimation of OC due to the evolution of carbonate in the He mode. Generally, the Sunset Semi-Continuous OCEC analyzer with EUSAAR2 provided robust and consistent measurements with offline thermal-optical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Karanasiou
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - P Panteliadis
- GGD, Department of Air Quality, Public Health Service Amsterdam, 1018WT, the Netherlands
| | - N Perez
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - M C Minguillón
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Pandolfi
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Titos
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Applied Physics, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain
| | - M Viana
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - T Moreno
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - X Querol
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Alastuey
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
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11
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Zegri Reiriz I, Garcia-Coscuella D, Moreno T, Ortega R, Ruiz A, Mesado N, Aran F, Brossa V, Camprecios M, Lopez L, Roig E, Mirabet S. Urinary chlorine: a potential biomarker of diuretic resistant patients. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.1208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Natriuresis is gaining growing interest in identifying diuretic resistance (DR) patients. However, it has not been proved useful beyond the first day with intravenous (iv) furosemide. Moreover, data regarding urinary chlorine (uCl) or urinary potassium (uK) are scarce. We sought to assess the urine electrolyte pattern in acute heart failure (AHF) outpatients to identify those who will present DR.
Methods
Single-center prospective registry of outpatients with AHF who need iv furosemide. In visit 1 (V1), baseline spot urine sample was collected. Furosemide iv bolus plus intensification of oral diuretics were performed. In control visit (V2), baseline spot urine sample was collected and congestion data were evaluated. Urine electrolytes were assessed in relation to DR (defined as need of iv furosemide in V2 due to persistent congestion).
Results
From June to December 2019, 76 patients were included: median age of 75.5 years (68.2–82), glomerular filtration 40 ml/min/1.73m2 (29.2–59.2) and NT-proBNP 3340 ng/L (1296–7044).
In V1, DR patients showed higher levels of uK and lower uNa/uK than NDR (p=0.014 and p=0.007, respectively). In V2, after a median of 6 (6–15) days of intensified diuretic treatment, uNa and uCl dropped with adequate decongestion but not in DR patients (p=0.020 and p=0.001, respectively). Thus, DR patients showed in V2 higher uCl and similar uNa than NDR (table).
Conclusions
After several days of intensified diuretic treatment, uCl and uNa dropped during proper decongestion but not in DR patients, showing higher levels of uCl than NDR. Mantained levels of uCl could help to identify patients with persistent congestion.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - T Moreno
- Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Ortega
- Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Ruiz
- Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Mesado
- Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Aran
- Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - V Brossa
- Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Camprecios
- Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Lopez
- Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Roig
- Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Mirabet
- Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
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12
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Pacitto A, Amato F, Moreno T, Pandolfi M, Fonseca A, Mazaheri M, Stabile L, Buonanno G, Querol X. Effect of ventilation strategies and air purifiers on the children's exposure to airborne particles and gaseous pollutants in school gyms. Sci Total Environ 2020; 712:135673. [PMID: 31810696 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Indoor school gyms are environments characterized by high concentrations of different airborne particulate and gaseous pollutants. In particular, like other naturally-ventilated school environments, in addition to indoor pollutants children can be exposed to sub-micron particles and gaseous pollutants emitted by outdoor sources and penetrating the building envelope; moreover, high concentrations of super-micron particles can be reached due to the resuspension phenomena related to the physical activity performed therein. The present paper aims to evaluate the effect of different ventilation methods (natural ventilation, manual airing) and the use of air purifiers in reducing the indoor concentrations of different airborne particles and gaseous pollutants in school gyms. To this end, an experimental campaign was performed in two naturally-ventilated school gyms in Barcelona (Spain) of different volumes and different distance to major urban roads. Indoor and outdoor measurements of particle number, black carbon and PM1-10 concentrations were performed as well as indoor measurements of CO2 and NO2 concentrations. The study revealed that the use of air purifiers with windows kept closed (natural ventilation) can lead to a significant reduction in terms of indoor-to-outdoor concentration ratios. In the smaller gym (air changes per hour of the purifiers, ACH, equal to 9.2 h-1) the I/O ratios were reduced by 93% and 95% in terms of particle number and PM1-10, respectively; whereas in the larger school gym (ACH = 1.7 h-1) the corresponding reductions were 70% and 84%. For manual airing scenarios, the effect of the air purifiers on outdoor-generated sub-micron particles is reduced; in particular, for low ACH values (i.e. ACH = 1.7 h-1), the reduction is quite negligible (6%).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pacitto
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, FR, Italy
| | - F Amato
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - T Moreno
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Pandolfi
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Fonseca
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Mazaheri
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain; International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - L Stabile
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, FR, Italy
| | - G Buonanno
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, FR, Italy; International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - X Querol
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
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13
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Querol X, Pérez N, Reche C, Ealo M, Ripoll A, Tur J, Pandolfi M, Pey J, Salvador P, Moreno T, Alastuey A. African dust and air quality over Spain: Is it only dust that matters? Sci Total Environ 2019; 686:737-752. [PMID: 31195282 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The 2001-2016 contribution of African dust outbreaks to ambient regional background PM10 and PM2.5 levels over Spain, as well as changes induced in the PMx composition over NE Spain in 2009-2016, were investigated. A clear decrease in PMx dust contributions from the Canary Islands to N Iberia was found. A parallel increase in the PM2.5/PM10 ratio (30% in the Canary Islands to 57% in NW Iberia) was evidenced, probably due to size segregation and the larger relative contribution of the local PMx with increasing distance from Africa. PM1-10 and PM2.5-10 measured in Barcelona during African dust outbreaks (ADOs) were 43-46% higher compared to non-ADO days. The continental background contribution prevailed in terms of both PM1-10 and PM2.5-10 during ADO days (62 and 69%, respectively, and 31 and 27% for non-ADO days). The relative contributions of Al2O3/Fe2O3/CaO to PMx fraction showed that Al2O3 is a suitable tracer for African dust in our context; while CaO at the urban site is clearly affected by local resuspension, construction and road dust, and Fe2O3 by dust from vehicle brake discs. The results also provide evidence that PM increases during ADOs are caused not only by the mineral dust load, but by an increased accumulation of locally emitted or co-transported anthropogenic pollutants as compared with non-ADO days. Possible causes for this accumulation are discussed. We recommend that further epidemiological studies should explore independently the potential effects of mineral dust and the anthropogenic PM during ADOs, because, at least over SW Europe, not only mineral dust affects the air quality during African dust episodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Querol
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research IDAEA-CSIC, C/Jordi Girona 18-26, Barcelona 08034, Spain.
| | - N Pérez
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research IDAEA-CSIC, C/Jordi Girona 18-26, Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - C Reche
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research IDAEA-CSIC, C/Jordi Girona 18-26, Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - M Ealo
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research IDAEA-CSIC, C/Jordi Girona 18-26, Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - A Ripoll
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research IDAEA-CSIC, C/Jordi Girona 18-26, Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - J Tur
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research IDAEA-CSIC, C/Jordi Girona 18-26, Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - M Pandolfi
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research IDAEA-CSIC, C/Jordi Girona 18-26, Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - J Pey
- ARAID, Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE-CSIC), 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - P Salvador
- Department of Environment, Joint Research Unit Atmospheric Pollution CIEMAT-CSIC, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - T Moreno
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research IDAEA-CSIC, C/Jordi Girona 18-26, Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - A Alastuey
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research IDAEA-CSIC, C/Jordi Girona 18-26, Barcelona 08034, Spain
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Amato F, Pérez N, López M, Ripoll A, Alastuey A, Pandolfi M, Karanasiou A, Salmatonidis A, Padoan E, Frasca D, Marcoccia M, Viana M, Moreno T, Reche C, Martins V, Brines M, Minguillón MC, Ealo M, Rivas I, van Drooge B, Benavides J, Craviotto JM, Querol X. Vertical and horizontal fall-off of black carbon and NO 2 within urban blocks. Sci Total Environ 2019; 686:236-245. [PMID: 31176822 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
While exposure to traffic pollutants significantly decreases with distance from the curb, very dense urban architectures hamper such dispersion. Moreover, the building height reduces significantly the dispersion of pollutants. We have investigated the horizontal variability of Black Carbon (BC) and the vertical variability of NO2 and BC within the urban blocks. Increasing the distance from road BC concentrations decreased following an exponential curve reaching halving distances at 25 m (median), although with a wide variability among sites. Street canyons showed sharper fall-offs than open roads or roads next to a park. Urban background concentrations were achieved at 67 m distance on average, with higher distances found for more trafficked roads. Vertical fall-off of BC was less pronounced than the horizontal one since pollutants homogenize quickly vertically after rush traffic hours. Even shallower vertical fall-offs were found for NO2. For both pollutants, background concentrations were never reached within the building height. A street canyon effect was also found exacerbating concentrations at the lowest floors of the leeward side of the road. These inputs can be useful for assessing population exposure, air quality policies, urban planning and for models validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Amato
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - N Pérez
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - M López
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Ripoll
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Alastuey
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Pandolfi
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Karanasiou
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Salmatonidis
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Padoan
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain; University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - D Frasca
- Chemistry Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - M Marcoccia
- Chemistry Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - M Viana
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - T Moreno
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Reche
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - V Martins
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Brines
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - M C Minguillón
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Ealo
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - B van Drooge
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Benavides
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - X Querol
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
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Pacitto A, Amato F, Salmatonidis A, Moreno T, Alastuey A, Reche C, Buonanno G, Benito C, Querol X. Effectiveness of commercial face masks to reduce personal PM exposure. Sci Total Environ 2019; 650:1582-1590. [PMID: 30308844 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Cycling and walking are promoted as means of transportation which can contribute to the reduction of traffic pollution in urban areas. However, cyclists and pedestrians may be exposed to high concentrations of air pollutants due to their proximity to vehicle emissions. Commercial face mask respirators are widely used, in both developing and developed countries, as an individual protective measure against particle pollution. However scientific data on the efficacy of face mask respirators in reducing airborne particle exposure is limited. In this study, a custom experimental set-up was developed in order to measure the effectiveness of nine different respirators under real environmental conditions in terms of particle mass concentration below 2.5 μm (PM2.5), particle number concentration (PNC), Lung Deposited Surface Area (LDSA) and Black Carbon concentration (BC). Face mask performances were assessed in a typical traffic affected urban background environment in the city of Barcelona under three different simulated breathing rates to investigate the influence of flow rate. Results showed a median face mask effectiveness for PM2.5 equal to 48% in a range of 14-96%, 19% in a range of 6%-61% for BC concentration, 19% in a range of 4%-63% for PNC and 22% in a range of 5%-65% for LDSA. For each pollutant under investigation, the best performance was found always with the same mask (N7) although it is not the most expensive (in a range of price of 1 to 44, its cost was 20 euros), which has a filter on the entire surface except for the 2 exhalation valves where air cannot enter but just exit and shows a good fit on the dummy head.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pacitto
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino (FR), Italy
| | - F Amato
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - A Salmatonidis
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - T Moreno
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Alastuey
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Reche
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Buonanno
- International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Engineering, University "Parthenope", Naples, Italy; Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino (FR), Italy
| | - C Benito
- BACC, Bicicleta Club de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - X Querol
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
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16
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Minguillón MC, Reche C, Martins V, Amato F, de Miguel E, Capdevila M, Centelles S, Querol X, Moreno T. Aerosol sources in subway environments. Environ Res 2018; 167:314-328. [PMID: 30092454 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Millions of people use rail subway public transport around the world, despite the relatively high particulate matter (PM) concentrations in these underground environments, requiring the identification and quantification of the aerosol source contributions to improve the air quality. An extensive aerosol monitoring campaign was carried out in eleven subway stations in the Barcelona metro system, belonging to seven subway lines. PM2.5 samples were collected during the metro operating hours and chemically analysed to determine major and trace elements, inorganic ions, and total carbon. The chemical compositions of subway components such as brake pads, rail tracks and pantographs were also determined. The mean PM2.5 concentrations varied widely among stations, ranging from 26 µg m-3 to 86 µg m-3. Subway PM2.5 was mainly constituted by Fe2O3 (30-66%), followed by carbonaceous matter (18-37%) for the old stations, while for new stations equipped with Platform Screen Doors (PSD) these percentages go down to 21-44% and 15-30%, respectively. Both the absolute concentrations and the relative abundance of key species differed for each subway station, although with common patterns within a given subway line. This is a result of the different emission chemical profiles in different subway lines (using diverse types of brakes and/or pantographs). The co-emission of different sources poses a problem for their separation by receptor models. Nevertheless, receptor modelling (Positive Matrix Factorization) was applied resulting in ten sources, five of them subway-specific: RailWheel, RailWheel+Brake, Brake_A, Brake_B, Pb. The sum of their contributions accounted for 43-91% of bulk PM2.5 for the old stations and 21-52% for the stations with PSD. The decrease of the activity during the weekends resulted in a decrease (up to 56%) in the subway-specific sources contribution to the -already lower- bulk PM2.5 concentrations compared to weekdays. The health-related elements are mainly apportioned (> 60%) by subway sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Minguillón
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - C Reche
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - V Martins
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Amato
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E de Miguel
- Transports Metropolitans de Barcelona, TMB Santa Eulàlia, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - M Capdevila
- Transports Metropolitans de Barcelona, TMB Santa Eulàlia, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - S Centelles
- Transports Metropolitans de Barcelona, TMB Santa Eulàlia, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - X Querol
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - T Moreno
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
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Garrido C, Palavra F, Cardoso M, Sousa A, Rocha R, Alves D, Santos M, Vila Real M, Vieira J, Coelho T, Fineza I, Moreno T, Santos M. DUCHENNE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY – CLINICAL. Neuromuscul Disord 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2018.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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18
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Oliveira Santos M, Falcão de Campos C, Garrido C, Conceição I, Palavra F, Negrão L, Pedro Vieira J, Mendonça C, Coelho T, Fineza I, Santos M, Moreno T. SMA CLINICAL DATA, OUTCOME MEASURES AND REGISTRIES. Neuromuscul Disord 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2018.06.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Moreno T, Gonzalez-Silva L, Revilla C, Monterde B, Agraz-Doblas A, Betancor I, Freire J, Gomez-Roman J, Salido E, Varela I. PO-376 SWI/SNF alterations as markers for prognosis and specific treatments in human cancer. ESMO Open 2018. [DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2018-eacr25.404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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20
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Gonzalez-Silva L, Quevedo L, Moreno T, Revilla C, Saur D, Rad R, Varela I. PO-339 Intratumour heterogeneity in a pancreatic cancer mouse model. ESMO Open 2018. [DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2018-eacr25.851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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21
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Agraz-Doblas A, Bueno C, Schneider P, Revilla C, Moreno T, Ballerini P, Bardini M, Stam R, Menéndez P, Varela I. PO-315 The mutational and transcriptome landscape of infant B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: the INTERFANT treatment protocol experience. ESMO Open 2018. [DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2018-eacr25.345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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22
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Quevedo L, González-Silva L, Moreno T, Revilla C, Saur D, Rad R, Varela I. PO-219 New cell genetic tracing and single-cell tools for the study of the molecular pathways involved in cancer metastasis. ESMO Open 2018. [DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2018-eacr25.737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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23
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Freitas RO, Deneke C, Maia FCB, Medeiros HG, Moreno T, Dumas P, Petroff Y, Westfahl H. Low-aberration beamline optics for synchrotron infrared nanospectroscopy. Opt Express 2018; 26:11238-11249. [PMID: 29716048 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.011238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Synchrotron infrared nanospectroscopy is a recently developed technique that enables new possibilities in the broadband chemical analysis of materials in the nanoscale, far beyond the diffraction limit in this frequency domain. Synchrotron infrared ports have exploited mainly the high brightness advantage provided by electron storage rings across the whole infrared range. However, optical aberrations in the beam produced by the source depth of bending magnet emission at large angles prevent infrared nanospectroscopy to reach its maximum capability. In this work we present a low-aberration optical layout specially designed and constructed for a dedicated synchrotron infrared nanospectroscopy beamline. We report excellent agreement between simulated beam profiles (from standard wave propagation and raytracing optics simulations) with experimental measurements. We report an important improvement in the infrared nanospectroscopy experiment related to the improved beamline optics. Finally, we demonstrate the performance of the nanospectroscopy endstation by measuring a hyperspectral image of a polar material and we evaluate the setup sensitivity by measuring ultra-thin polymer films down to 6 nm thick.
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Labat M, Brubach JB, Ciavardini A, Couprie ME, Elkaim E, Fertey P, Ferte T, Hollander P, Hubert N, Jal E, Laulhé C, Luning J, Marcouillé O, Moreno T, Morin P, Polack F, Prigent P, Ravy S, Ricaud JP, Roy P, Silly M, Sirotti F, Taleb A, Tordeux MA, Nadji A. Commissioning of a multi-beamline femtoslicing facility at SOLEIL. J Synchrotron Radiat 2018; 25:385-398. [PMID: 29488917 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577518000863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The investigation of ultrafast dynamics, taking place on the few to sub-picosecond time scale, is today a very active research area pursued in a variety of scientific domains. With the recent advent of X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs), providing very intense X-ray pulses of duration as short as a few femtoseconds, this research field has gained further momentum. As a consequence, the demand for access strongly exceeds the capacity of the very few XFEL facilities existing worldwide. This situation motivates the development of alternative sub-picosecond pulsed X-ray sources among which femtoslicing facilities at synchrotron radiation storage rings are standing out due to their tunability over an extended photon energy range and their high stability. Following the success of the femtoslicing installations at ALS, BESSY-II, SLS and UVSOR, SOLEIL decided to implement a femtoslicing facility. Several challenges were faced, including operation at the highest electron beam energy ever, and achievement of slice separation exclusively with the natural dispersion function of the storage ring. SOLEIL's setup also enables, for the first time, delivering sub-picosecond pulses simultaneously to several beamlines. This last feature enlarges the experimental capabilities of the facility, which covers the soft and hard X-ray photon energy range. In this paper, the commissioning of this original femtoslicing facility is reported. Furthermore, it is shown that the slicing-induced THz signal can be used to derive a quantitative estimate for the degree of energy exchange between the femtosecond infrared laser pulse and the circulating electron bunch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Labat
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, Saint-Aubin, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | | | | | - Erik Elkaim
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, Saint-Aubin, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Pierre Fertey
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, Saint-Aubin, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Tom Ferte
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, UMR 7504, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Nicolas Hubert
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, Saint-Aubin, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Emmanuelle Jal
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique - Matière et Rayonnement, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Claire Laulhé
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, Saint-Aubin, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jan Luning
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, Saint-Aubin, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Thierry Moreno
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, Saint-Aubin, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Paul Morin
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, Saint-Aubin, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Francois Polack
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, Saint-Aubin, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Pascale Prigent
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, Saint-Aubin, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Sylvain Ravy
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Université Paris-Sud, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | | | - Pascale Roy
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, Saint-Aubin, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Mathieu Silly
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, Saint-Aubin, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Fausto Sirotti
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, Saint-Aubin, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Amina Taleb
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, Saint-Aubin, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Amor Nadji
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, Saint-Aubin, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Pacitto A, Stabile L, Moreno T, Kumar P, Wierzbicka A, Morawska L, Buonanno G. The influence of lifestyle on airborne particle surface area doses received by different Western populations. Environ Pollut 2018; 232:113-122. [PMID: 28919325 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the daily dose in terms of particle surface area received by citizens living in five cities in Western countries, characterized by different lifestyle, culture, climate and built-up environment, was evaluated and compared. For this purpose, the exposure to sub-micron particle concentration levels of the population living in Barcelona (Spain), Cassino (Italy), Guilford (United Kingdom), Lund (Sweden), and Brisbane (Australia) was measured through a direct exposure assessment approach. In particular, measurements of the exposure at a personal scale were performed by volunteers (15 per each population) that used a personal particle counter for different days in order to obtain exposure data in microenvironments/activities they resided/performed. Non-smoking volunteers performing non-industrial jobs were considered in the study. Particle concentration data allowed obtaining the exposure of the population living in each city. Such data were combined in a Monte Carlo method with the time activity pattern data characteristics of each population and inhalation rate to obtain the most probable daily dose in term of particle surface area as a function of the population gender, age, and nationality. The highest daily dose was estimated for citizens living in Cassino and Guilford (>1000 mm2), whereas the lowest value was recognized for Lund citizens (around 100 mm2). Indoor air quality, and in particular cooking and eating activities, was recognized as the main influencing factor in terms of exposure (and thus dose) of the population: then confirming that lifestyle (e.g. time spent in cooking activities) strongly affect the daily dose of the population. On the contrary, a minor or negligible contribution of the outdoor microenvironments was documented.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pacitto
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, Italy
| | - L Stabile
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, Italy.
| | - T Moreno
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA) Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - P Kumar
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom; Environmental Flow (EnFlo) Research Centre, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - A Wierzbicka
- Division of Ergonomics and Aerosol Technology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - L Morawska
- International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - G Buonanno
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, Italy; International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Engineering, University "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
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Freitas RO, Maia FCB, Deneke C, Moreno T, Dumas P, Westfahl H, Petroff Y. Infrared Nanospectroscopy at the LNLS: Current Status and Ongoing Developments. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/08940886.2017.1338420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raul O. Freitas
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francisco C. B. Maia
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Christoph Deneke
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Departamento de Fisica Aplicada, Instituto de Fisica “Gleb Wataghin,” Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Paul Dumas
- SOLEIL Synchrotron, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Harry Westfahl
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Yves Petroff
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Yousef I, Ribó L, Crisol A, Šics I, Ellis G, Ducic T, Kreuzer M, Benseny-Cases N, Quispe M, Dumas P, Lefrançois S, Moreno T, García G, Ferrer S, Nicolas J, Aranda M. MIRAS: The Infrared Synchrotron Radiation Beamline at ALBA. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/08940886.2017.1338410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - L. Ribó
- ALBA Synchrotron, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - I. Šics
- ALBA Synchrotron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - G. Ellis
- CSIC, Institute of Polymer Science & Technology, Madrid, Spain
| | - T. Ducic
- ALBA Synchrotron, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | - P. Dumas
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - T. Moreno
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Weitkamp T, Scheel M, Giorgetta JL, Joyet V, Le Roux V, Cauchon G, Moreno T, Polack F, Thompson A, Samama JP. The tomography beamlineANATOMIXat Synchrotron SOLEIL. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/849/1/012037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Triadó-Margarit X, Veillette M, Duchaine C, Talbot M, Amato F, Minguillón MC, Martins V, de Miguel E, Casamayor EO, Moreno T. Bioaerosols in the Barcelona subway system. Indoor Air 2017; 27:564-575. [PMID: 27687789 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Subway systems worldwide transport more than 100 million people daily; therefore, air quality on station platforms and inside trains is an important urban air pollution issue. We examined the microbiological composition and abundance in space and time of bioaerosols collected in the Barcelona subway system during a cold period. Quantitative PCR was used to quantify total bacteria, Aspergillus fumigatus, influenza A and B, and rhinoviruses. Multitag 454 pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene was used to assess bacterial community composition and biodiversity. The results showed low bioaerosol concentrations regarding the targeted microorganisms, although the bacterial bioburden was rather high (104 bacteria/m3 ). Airborne bacterial communities presented a high degree of overlap among the different subway environments sampled (inside trains, platforms, and lobbies) and were dominated by a few widespread taxa, with Methylobacterium being the most abundant genus. Human-related microbiota in sequence dataset and ascribed to potentially pathogenic bacteria were found in low proportion (maximum values below 2% of sequence readings) and evenly detected. Hence, no important biological exposure marker was detected in any of the sampled environments. Overall, we found that commuters are not the main source of bioaerosols in the Barcelona subway system.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Triadó-Margarit
- Centre for Advanced Studies of Blanes (CEAB), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Blanes, Spain
| | - M Veillette
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - C Duchaine
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - M Talbot
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - F Amato
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - M C Minguillón
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - V Martins
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - E de Miguel
- Transports Metropolitans de Barcelona, TMB Santa Eulalia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E O Casamayor
- Centre for Advanced Studies of Blanes (CEAB), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Blanes, Spain
| | - T Moreno
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
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Moreno T. Compact IR synchrotron beamline design. J Synchrotron Radiat 2017; 24:386-391. [PMID: 28244431 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577516020518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Third-generation storage rings are massively evolving due to the very compact nature of the multi-bend achromat (MBA) lattice which allows amazing decreases of the horizontal electron beam emittance, but leaves very little place for infrared (IR) extraction mirrors to be placed, thus prohibiting traditional IR beamlines. In order to circumvent this apparent restriction, an optimized optical layout directly integrated inside a SOLEIL synchrotron dipole chamber that delivers intense and almost aberration-free beams in the near- to mid-IR domain (1-30 µm) is proposed and analyzed, and which can be integrated into space-restricted MBA rings. Since the optics and chamber are interdependent, the feasibility of this approach depends on a large part on the technical ability to assemble mechanically the optics inside the dipole chamber and control their resulting stability and thermo-mechanical deformation. Acquiring this expertise should allow dipole chambers to provide almost aberration-free IR synchrotron sources on current and `ultimate' MBA storage rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Moreno
- Optics Group, Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, 91192 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
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Moreno T, Querol X, Martins V, Minguillón MC, Reche C, Ku LH, Eun HR, Ahn KH, Capdevila M, de Miguel E. Formation and alteration of airborne particles in the subway environment. Environ Sci Process Impacts 2017; 19:59-64. [PMID: 28002504 DOI: 10.1039/c6em00576d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Most particles in the rail subway environment are sub-micron sized ferruginous flakes and splinters generated mechanically by frictional wear of brake pads, wheels and rails. To better understand the mechanisms of formation and the alteration processes affecting inhalable particles in subways, PM samples (1-2.5 μm and 2.5-10 μm) were collected in the Barcelona Metro and then studied under a scanning electron microscope. Most particles in these samples are hematitic (up to 88%), with relatively minor amounts of mineral matter (up to 9%) and sulphates (up to 5%). Detailed microscopy (using back scattered and TEM-DRX imaging) reveals how many of the metallic particles comprise the metallic Fe nucleus surrounded by hematite (Fe2O3) and a coating of sulphate and chloride salts mixed with mineral matter (including Ca-carbonates, clay minerals and quartz). These observations record the emission of fine to ultrafine FePM by frictional wear at elevated temperatures that promote rapid partial (or complete) oxidation of the native metal. Water condensing on the PM surface during cooling leads to the adsorption of inorganic mineral particles that coat the iron oxide. The distinctively layered polymineralic structure that results from these processes is peculiar to particles generated in the subway environment and very different from PM typically inhaled outdoors.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Moreno
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA-CSIC), C/Jordi Girona 18-24, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - X Querol
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA-CSIC), C/Jordi Girona 18-24, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - V Martins
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA-CSIC), C/Jordi Girona 18-24, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - M C Minguillón
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA-CSIC), C/Jordi Girona 18-24, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - C Reche
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA-CSIC), C/Jordi Girona 18-24, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - L H Ku
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 425-791, Republic of Korea
| | - H R Eun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 425-791, Republic of Korea
| | - K H Ahn
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 425-791, Republic of Korea
| | - M Capdevila
- Transports Metropolitans de Barcelona (TMB), Santa Eulalia, Av. del Metro s/n L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08902, Spain
| | - E de Miguel
- Transports Metropolitans de Barcelona (TMB), Santa Eulalia, Av. del Metro s/n L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08902, Spain
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Marín I, Nunes S, Sánchez-Pérez ED, Aparicio FL, Estrada M, Marrasé C, Moreno T, Wagener T, Querol X, Peters F. Anthropogenic versus mineral aerosols in the stimulation of microbial planktonic communities in coastal waters of the northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Sci Total Environ 2017; 574:553-568. [PMID: 27648533 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The atmosphere of the northwestern (NW) Mediterranean Sea is affected by continuous inputs of anthropogenic aerosols and episodic Saharan dust events. These atmospheric inputs deliver to the surface waters high amounts of macronutrients and trace metals that can constitute their main source at certain times of the year. The effect of both anthropogenic and crustal particles over the autotrophic and heterotrophic planktonic community assembles was evaluated through three microcosm experiments carried out in the summer of 2013 and in the winter and spring of 2014 at an urban coastal location of the NW Mediterranean (Barcelona, Spain). Particles were added to seawater at a concentration of 0.8mgl-1. The results showed that (i) a greater stimulation of the whole community was observed in summer and spring than in winter; (ii) both kinds of aerosols produced an increase in the growth of phytoplankton, although the stimulation of nanoeukaryotes was significantly larger with anthropogenic aerosols; and (iii) bacterial abundance increased more with mineral dust, whereas bacterial production was more stimulated with anthropogenic inputs. Overall, the effect of atmospheric particles was dependent on their composition and solubility in seawater, as well as on the initial biogeochemical conditions present in the seawater and had the potential to change the net metabolic balance of the microbial planktonic community.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Marín
- Institut de Ciències del Mar (CSIC), Pg. Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, E-08003 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - S Nunes
- Institut de Ciències del Mar (CSIC), Pg. Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, E-08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - E D Sánchez-Pérez
- Institut de Ciències del Mar (CSIC), Pg. Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, E-08003 Barcelona, Spain; UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR 7621, INSU-CNRS, Laboratoire d'Océnographie Microbienne, Observatoire Océanologique, F-66651 Banyuls/mer, France
| | - F L Aparicio
- Institut de Ciències del Mar (CSIC), Pg. Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, E-08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Estrada
- Institut de Ciències del Mar (CSIC), Pg. Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, E-08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Marrasé
- Institut de Ciències del Mar (CSIC), Pg. Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, E-08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - T Moreno
- Instituto de Diagnóstico Ambiental y Estudios del Agua (CSIC), C/Jordi Girona, 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - T Wagener
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS/INSU, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), UM 110, 13288 Marseille Université du Sud Toulon-Var, CNRS/INSU, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), UM 110, 83957 La Garde, France
| | - X Querol
- Instituto de Diagnóstico Ambiental y Estudios del Agua (CSIC), C/Jordi Girona, 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Peters
- Institut de Ciències del Mar (CSIC), Pg. Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, E-08003 Barcelona, Spain
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Solano S, Lacruz T, Blanco M, Moreno T, Real B, Graell M, Sepúlveda AR. Perinatal factors and their influence on childhood obesity: a case-control study. An Sist Sanit Navar 2016; 39:347-355. [PMID: 28032870 DOI: 10.23938/assn.0238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background. The aetiology of childhood obesity is complex. It involves the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Obstetric complications have been associated with the development of mental disorder and other medical conditions. The aim of this research is to study the association between perinatal complications and childhood obesity.
Methods. We present data from a case-control study composed of 60 mothers of obese children and 92 mothers of healthy control children between 8-12 years. We interviewed the mothers and we studied obstetric complications with the Lewis –Murray Scale. We compared the two groups with chi - square analysis and odds ratios.
Results. We found a higher prevalence of obstetric complications in delivery in the group with obesity. The most frequent obstetric complication was emergency caesarean; a significant difference was shown with the control group (p < 0.05).
Conclusion. Obstetric complications are related to the development of childhood obesity. It is important to study the perinatal period as a relevant factor, in order to develop and implement prevention programs.
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Ferreira J, Ribeiro M, Moreno T. LMNA-associated congenital muscular dystrophy: 3 cases presenting dropped head syndrome. Neuromuscul Disord 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2016.06.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Moreno T, Ferreira J, Ribeiro M, Levy-Gomes A. Changing diagnosis during follow-up. Neuromuscul Disord 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2016.06.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Moreno T. A new optical scheme for large-extraction small-aberration vacuum-ultraviolet synchrotron radiation beamlines. J Synchrotron Radiat 2016; 23:1124-1130. [PMID: 27577766 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577516011875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Vacuum-ultraviolet radiation delivered by bending-magnet sources is used at numerous synchrotron radiation facilities worldwide. As bending-magnet radiation is inherently much less collimated compared with undulator sources, the generation of high-quality intense bending-magnet vacuum-ultraviolet photon beams is extremely demanding in terms of the optical layout due to the necessary larger collection apertures. In this article, an optimized optical layout which takes into account both the optical and electron beam properties is proposed. This layout delivers an improved beam emittance of over one order of magnitude compared with existing vacuum-ultraviolet bending-magnet beamlines that, up to now, do not take into account electron beam effects. The arrangement is made of two dedicated mirrors, a cylindrical and a cone-shaped one, that focus independently both the horizontal and the vertical emission of a bending-magnet source, respectively, and has been already successfully applied in the construction of the infrared beamline at the Brazilian synchrotron. Using this scheme, two vacuum-ultraviolet beamline designs based on a SOLEIL synchrotron bending-magnet source are proposed and analysed. They would be useful for future upgrades to the DISCO beamline at SOLEIL and could be readily implemented at other synchrotron radiation facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Moreno
- Optics Group, Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, 91192 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
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Moreno T. Diabetes Mellitus in Liver Cirrhosis. An Fac Cienc Méd (Asunción) 2016. [DOI: 10.18004/anales/2015.048(02)27-034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Vantelon D, Trcera N, Roy D, Moreno T, Mailly D, Guilet S, Metchalkov E, Delmotte F, Lassalle B, Lagarde P, Flank AM. The LUCIA beamline at SOLEIL. J Synchrotron Radiat 2016; 23:635-640. [PMID: 26917154 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577516000746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Commissioned in May 2004 on the SLS machine, the LUCIA beamline was moved to the synchrotron SOLEIL during the summer of 2008. To take advantage of this new setting several changes to its design were introduced. Here, a review of the various improvements of the mechanics and, mostly, of the optics is given. Described in detail are the results of a new multilayer grating monochromator implemented on the Kohzu vessel already holding the two-crystal set-up. It consists of a grating grooved onto a multilayer (replacing the first crystal) associated to a multilayer (as a second crystal). It allows a shift of the low-energy limit of the beamline to around 500 eV with an energy resolution and a photon flux comparable with those of the previous couples of crystals (KTP and beryl).
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Affiliation(s)
- D Vantelon
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, l'Orme des Merisiers, BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - N Trcera
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, l'Orme des Merisiers, BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - D Roy
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, l'Orme des Merisiers, BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - T Moreno
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, l'Orme des Merisiers, BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - D Mailly
- LPN-CNRS, Route de Nozay, 91460 Marcoussis, France
| | - S Guilet
- LPN-CNRS, Route de Nozay, 91460 Marcoussis, France
| | - E Metchalkov
- Institut d'Optique, 2 avenue Augustin Fresnel, 91127 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - F Delmotte
- Institut d'Optique, 2 avenue Augustin Fresnel, 91127 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - B Lassalle
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, l'Orme des Merisiers, BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Pierre Lagarde
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, l'Orme des Merisiers, BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A-M Flank
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, l'Orme des Merisiers, BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Abstract
Synchrotron infrared beamlines are powerful tools on which to perform spectroscopy on microscopic length scales but require working with large bending-magnet source apertures in order to provide intense photon beams to the experiments. Many infrared beamlines use a single toroidal-shaped mirror to focus the source emission which generates, for large apertures, beams with significant geometrical aberrations resulting from the shape of the source and the beamline optics. In this paper, an optical layout optimized for synchrotron infrared beamlines, that removes almost totally the geometrical aberrations of the source, is presented and analyzed. This layout is already operational on the IR beamline of the Brazilian synchrotron. An infrared beamline design based on a SOLEIL bending-magnet source is given as an example, which could be useful for future IR beamline improvements at this facility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Moreno
- Experimental Division, Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubain, BP 48, 91192 Gif sur Yvettes Cedex, France
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Shepard W, Duran D, Couster SL, Blache F, Delmotte A, Fourme R, Fox G, Meijers R, Moreno T, Pierre-Joseph S, Savko M. Recent results and developments on PROXIMA 2A. Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1107/s205327331509717x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Püttner R, Goldsztejn G, Céolin D, Rueff JP, Moreno T, Kushawaha RK, Marchenko T, Guillemin R, Journel L, Lindle DW, Piancastelli MN, Simon M. Direct observation of double-core-hole shake-up States in photoemission. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 114:093001. [PMID: 25793809 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.093001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Direct measurements of Ar^{+} 1s^{-1}2p^{-1}nl double-core-hole shake-up states are reported using conventional single-channel photoemission, offering a new and relatively easy means to study such species. The high-quality results yield accurate energies and lifetimes of the double-core-hole states. Their photoemission spectrum also can be likened to 1s absorption of an exotic argon ion with a 2p core vacancy, providing new information about the spectroscopy of both this unusual ionic state as well as the neutral atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph Püttner
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gildas Goldsztejn
- CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Denis Céolin
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, l'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Pascal Rueff
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, l'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Thierry Moreno
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, l'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Rajesh K Kushawaha
- CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Tatiana Marchenko
- CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Renaud Guillemin
- CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Loïc Journel
- CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Dennis W Lindle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 4505 South Maryland Parkway, P.O. Box 4003, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154-4003, USA
| | - Maria Novella Piancastelli
- CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marc Simon
- CNRS, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, F-75005 Paris, France
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, l'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
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Di Martino Ortiz B, Moreno T, Galeano G, Rodríguez M. Acute Disseminated Paracoccidioidomycosis with Molluscoid Lesions in a Young Woman. Actas Dermosifiliogr 2015; 106:597-9. [PMID: 25665493 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2014.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- B Di Martino Ortiz
- Cátedra de Dermatología, Hospital de Clínicas, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, Asunción, Paraguay.
| | - T Moreno
- Cátedra de Dermatología, Hospital de Clínicas, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, Asunción, Paraguay
| | - G Galeano
- Cátedra de Dermatología, Hospital de Clínicas, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, Asunción, Paraguay
| | - M Rodríguez
- Cátedra de Dermatología, Hospital de Clínicas, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, Asunción, Paraguay
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Moreno T, Colon G, Jahn J. An inverse approach to validate the importance of motor ability and sport on purposeful play and lifelong vigorous physical activity. Sci Sports 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2014.08.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Amato F, Rivas I, Viana M, Moreno T, Bouso L, Reche C, Àlvarez-Pedrerol M, Alastuey A, Sunyer J, Querol X. Sources of indoor and outdoor PM2.5 concentrations in primary schools. Sci Total Environ 2014; 490:757-65. [PMID: 24907610 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Children spend a third of their day in the classroom, where air pollution levels may differ substantially from those outdoors due to specific indoor sources. Air pollution exposure assessments based on atmospheric particle mass measured outdoors may therefore have little to do with the daily PM dose received by school children. This study aims to investigate outdoor and indoor sources of PM2.5 measured at 39 primary schools in Barcelona during 2012. On average 47% of indoor PM2.5 measured concentrations was found to be generated indoors due to continuous resuspension of soil particles (13%) and a mixed source (34%) comprising organic (skin flakes, clothes fibers, possible condensation of VOCs) and Ca-rich particles (from chalk and building deterioration). Emissions from seven outdoor sources penetrated easily indoors being responsible for the remaining 53% of measured PM2.5 indoors. Unpaved playgrounds were found to increase mineral contributions in classrooms by 5-6 μg/m(3) on average with respect to schools with paved playgrounds. Weekday traffic contributions varied considerably across Barcelona within ranges of 1-14 μg/m(3) outdoor and 1-10 μg/m(3) indoor. Indoors, traffic contributions were significantly higher (more than twofold) for classrooms with windows oriented directly to the street, rather than to the interior of the block or to playgrounds. This highlights the importance of urban planning in order to reduce children's exposure to traffic emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Amato
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, (IDÆA) Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - I Rivas
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, (IDÆA) Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), C/ Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), C/ Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), C/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Institut de Ciencia i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra Cerdanyola, Spain
| | - M Viana
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, (IDÆA) Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - T Moreno
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, (IDÆA) Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Bouso
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, (IDÆA) Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), C/ Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), C/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - C Reche
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, (IDÆA) Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Àlvarez-Pedrerol
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), C/ Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), C/ Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), C/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Alastuey
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, (IDÆA) Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Sunyer
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), C/ Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), C/ Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), C/ Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), C/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - X Querol
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, (IDÆA) Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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Querol X, Alastuey A, Pandolfi M, Reche C, Pérez N, Minguillón MC, Moreno T, Viana M, Escudero M, Orio A, Pallarés M, Reina F. 2001-2012 trends on air quality in Spain. Sci Total Environ 2014; 490:957-69. [PMID: 24911774 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.05.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
This study aims at interpreting the 2001-2012 trends of major air pollutants in Spain, with a major focus on evaluating their relationship with those of the national emission inventories (NEI) and policy actions. Marked downward concentration trends were evidenced for PM10, PM2.5 and CO. Concentrations of NO2 and NOx also declined but in a lesser proportion at rural and traffic sites. At rural sites O3 has been kept constant, whereas it clearly increased at urban and industrial sites. Comparison of the air quality trends and major inflection points with those from NEIs, the National Energy Consumption and the calendar of the implementation of major policy actions allowed us to clearly identify major benefits of European directives on power generation and industrial sources (such as the Large Combustion Plants and the Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control Directives). This, together with a sharp 2007-2008 decrease of coal consumption has probably caused the marked parallel decline of SO2, NOx and for PM2.5 concentrations. Also the effect of the EURO 4 and 5 vehicle emission standards on decreasing emissions of PM and CO from vehicles is noticeable. The smooth decline in NO2-NOx levels is mostly attributed to the low efficiency of EURO 4 and 5 standards in reducing real life urban driving NO2 emissions. The low NOx decrease together with the complexity of the reactions of O3 formation is responsible for the constant O3 concentrations, or even the urban increase. The financial crisis has also contributed to the decrease of the ambient concentration of pollutants; however this caused a major reduction of the primary energy consumption from 2008 to 2009, and not from 2007 to 2008 when ambient air PM and SO2 sharply decreased. The meteorological influence was characterized by a 2008-2012 period favorable to the dispersion of pollutants when compared to the 2001-2007.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Querol
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - A Alastuey
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Pandolfi
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Reche
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Pérez
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M C Minguillón
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - T Moreno
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Viana
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Escudero
- Centro Universitario de la Defensa de Zaragoza, Academia General Militar, Ctra. Huesca s/n, 50090 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - A Orio
- Spanish Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Environment, G.D. Environmental Quality and Evaluation, Pl. San Juan de la Cruz s/n, 28071 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Pallarés
- Spanish Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Environment, G.D. Environmental Quality and Evaluation, Pl. San Juan de la Cruz s/n, 28071 Madrid, Spain
| | - F Reina
- Spanish Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Environment, G.D. Environmental Quality and Evaluation, Pl. San Juan de la Cruz s/n, 28071 Madrid, Spain
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46
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Rivas I, Viana M, Moreno T, Pandolfi M, Amato F, Reche C, Bouso L, Àlvarez-Pedrerol M, Alastuey A, Sunyer J, Querol X. Child exposure to indoor and outdoor air pollutants in schools in Barcelona, Spain. Environ Int 2014; 69:200-12. [PMID: 24875803 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2014.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Proximity to road traffic involves higher health risks because of atmospheric pollutants. In addition to outdoor air, indoor air quality contributes to overall exposure. In the framework of the BREATHE study, indoor and outdoor air pollution was assessed in 39 schools in Barcelona. The study quantifies indoor and outdoor air quality during school hours of the BREATHE schools. High levels of fine particles (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), equivalent black carbon (EBC), ultrafine particle (UFP) number concentration and road traffic related trace metals were detected in school playgrounds and indoor environments. PM2.5 almost doubled (factor of 1.7) the usual urban background (UB) levels reported for Barcelona owing to high school-sourced PM2.5 contributions: [1] an indoor-generated source characterised mainly by organic carbon (OC) from organic textile fibres, cooking and other organic emissions, and by calcium and strontium (chalk dust) and; [2] mineral elements from sand-filled playgrounds, detected both indoors and outdoors. The levels of mineral elements are unusually high in PM2.5 because of the breakdown of mineral particles during playground activities. Moreover, anthropogenic PM components (such as OC and arsenic) are dry/wet deposited in this mineral matter. Therefore, PM2.5 cannot be considered a good tracer of traffic emissions in schools despite being influenced by them. On the other hand, outdoor NO2, EBC, UFP, and antimony appear to be good indicators of traffic emissions. The concentrations of NO2 are 1.2 times higher at schools than UB, suggesting the proximity of some schools to road traffic. Indoor levels of these traffic-sourced pollutants are very similar to those detected outdoors, indicating easy penetration of atmospheric pollutants. Spatial variation shows higher levels of EBC, NO2, UFP and, partially, PM2.5 in schools in the centre than in the outskirts of Barcelona, highlighting the influence of traffic emissions. Mean child exposure to pollutants in schools in Barcelona attains intermediate levels between UB and traffic stations.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Rivas
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), C/ Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA-CSIC), C/ Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), C/ Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), C/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Edifici C Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra Cerdanyola, Spain.
| | - M Viana
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA-CSIC), C/ Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - T Moreno
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA-CSIC), C/ Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Pandolfi
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA-CSIC), C/ Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Amato
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA-CSIC), C/ Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Reche
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA-CSIC), C/ Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Bouso
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), C/ Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), C/ Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), C/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Àlvarez-Pedrerol
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), C/ Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), C/ Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), C/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Alastuey
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA-CSIC), C/ Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Sunyer
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), C/ Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), C/ Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), C/ Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), C/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - X Querol
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA-CSIC), C/ Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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Ohresser P, Otero E, Choueikani F, Chen K, Stanescu S, Deschamps F, Moreno T, Polack F, Lagarde B, Daguerre JP, Marteau F, Scheurer F, Joly L, Kappler JP, Muller B, Bunau O, Sainctavit P. DEIMOS: a beamline dedicated to dichroism measurements in the 350-2500 eV energy range. Rev Sci Instrum 2014; 85:013106. [PMID: 24517744 DOI: 10.1063/1.4861191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The DEIMOS (Dichroism Experimental Installation for Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy) beamline was part of the second phase of the beamline development at French Synchrotron SOLEIL (Source Optimisée de Lumière à Energie Intermédiaire du LURE) and opened to users in March 2011. It delivers polarized soft x-rays to perform x-ray absorption spectroscopy, x-ray magnetic circular dichroism, and x-ray linear dichroism in the energy range 350-2500 eV. The beamline has been optimized for stability and reproducibility in terms of photon flux and photon energy. The main end-station consists in a cryo-magnet with 2 split coils providing a 7 T magnetic field along the beam or 2 T perpendicular to the beam with a controllable temperature on the sample from 370 K down to 1.5 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ohresser
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin - BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - E Otero
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin - BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - F Choueikani
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin - BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - K Chen
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin - BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - S Stanescu
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin - BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - F Deschamps
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin - BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - T Moreno
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin - BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - F Polack
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin - BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - B Lagarde
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin - BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J-P Daguerre
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin - BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - F Marteau
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin - BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - F Scheurer
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, UMR 7504 UdS-CNRS, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| | - L Joly
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, UMR 7504 UdS-CNRS, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| | - J-P Kappler
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin - BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - B Muller
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, UMR 7504 UdS-CNRS, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| | - O Bunau
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin - BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Ph Sainctavit
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin - BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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48
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Pérez I, Moreno T, Navarro F, Santos J, Palacios R. Prevalence and factors associated with erectile dysfunction in a cohort of HIV-infected patients. Int J STD AIDS 2013; 24:712-5. [DOI: 10.1177/0956462413482423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To determine the prevalence of erectile dysfunction and its associated factors we conducted an observational study on a consecutive cohort of asymptomatic HIV-positive men. All the patients completed a questionnaire to evaluate erectile dysfunction based on the International Index of Erectile Function, a validated survey for the diagnosis of anxiety and depression (self-administered HAD), and a questionnaire about cardiovascular risk factors. Epidemiological, clinical, and analytical data were collected. In all, 158 men, participated: mean age 46.0 years, 96.2% on antiretroviral therapy (91.3% undetectable viral load), and the mean CD4 count was 534 cells/mL. Erectile dysfunction was present in 106 (67.1%) patients, and associated factors were age (OR 4.5 for each 5 years; 95% CI 4.3−4.7; p = 0.0001) and anxiety (OR 8.2, 95% CI 2.2−30.4; p = 0.002). The prevalence of erectile dysfunction is high in men living with HIV, even in those with good immunovirological control. It is related to increasing age and anxiety, both of which are important factors within our HIV cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Pérez
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain
| | - T Moreno
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain
| | - F Navarro
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain
| | - J Santos
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de investigación biomédica de Málaga, Spain
| | - R Palacios
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de investigación biomédica de Málaga, Spain
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49
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Conte N, Varela I, Grove C, Manes N, Yusa K, Moreno T, Segonds-Pichon A, Bench A, Gudgin E, Herman B, Bolli N, Ellis P, Haddad D, Costeas P, Rad R, Scott M, Huntly B, Bradley A, Vassiliou GS. Detailed molecular characterisation of acute myeloid leukaemia with a normal karyotype using targeted DNA capture. Leukemia 2013; 27:1820-5. [PMID: 23702683 PMCID: PMC3768109 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2013.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2012] [Revised: 03/17/2013] [Accepted: 04/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Advances in sequencing technologies are giving unprecedented insights into the spectrum of somatic mutations underlying acute myeloid leukaemia with a normal karyotype (AML-NK). It is clear that the prognosis of individual patients is strongly influenced by the combination of mutations in their leukaemia and that many leukaemias are composed of multiple subclones, with differential susceptibilities to treatment. Here, we describe a method, employing targeted capture coupled with next-generation sequencing and tailored bioinformatic analysis, for the simultaneous study of 24 genes recurrently mutated in AML-NK. Mutational analysis was performed using open source software and an in-house script (Mutation Identification and Analysis Software), which identified dominant clone mutations with 100% specificity. In each of seven cases of AML-NK studied, we identified and verified mutations in 2-4 genes in the main leukaemic clone. Additionally, high sequencing depth enabled us to identify putative subclonal mutations and detect leukaemia-specific mutations in DNA from remission marrow. Finally, we used normalised read depths to detect copy number changes and identified and subsequently verified a tandem duplication of exons 2-9 of MLL and at least one deletion involving PTEN. This methodology reliably detects sequence and copy number mutations, and can thus greatly facilitate the classification, clinical research, diagnosis and management of AML-NK.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Conte
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
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50
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Duran D, Couster SL, Desjardins K, Delmotte A, Fox G, Meijers R, Moreno T, Savko M, Shepard W. PROXIMA 2A – A New Fully Tunable Micro-focus Beamline for Macromolecular Crystallography. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/425/1/012005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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