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Hsieh CY, Lin WC, Lin CC, Chou YF. Combined balloon Eustachian tuboplasty/endoscopic sinus surgery for patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and Eustachian tube dysfunction. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2024. [PMID: 38465787 DOI: 10.1002/alr.23341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To elucidate the role of balloon Eustachian tuboplasty (BET) in the management of chronic rhinosinusitis with obstructive Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD), we evaluated the results of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) with and without BET in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with obstructive ETD. METHODS This randomized controlled trial conducted in a single-institution tertiary care center setting included 50 patients diagnosed with primary chronic rhinosinusitis and obstructive ETD between July 2018 and June 2022. Twenty-five patients were prospectively enrolled for combined ESS/BET. The control group (25 patients) underwent ESS alone. Outcome measurements of the Sinonasal Outcome Test 22, modified Lund-Kennedy score, Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire-7 (ETDQ-7), and serial Eustachian tube function test results were analyzed 3 months postoperatively. RESULTS The improvement (12.60 ± 6.50) in the ETDQ-7 score in the BET group was significantly higher than that in the control group (6.60 ± 5.58). The ratio of improvement in the ETDQ-7 score was also significantly higher in the BET than in the control group (92% vs. 68%, p = 0.034). Logistic regression analysis showed that performing BET (odds ratio [OR]: 5.41, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02-28.79, p = 0.048) and a low post-modified Lund-Kennedy score (OR: 0.15, 95% CI: 0.04-0.54, p = 0.004) were significantly associated with ETDQ-7 score improvement. CONCLUSION Combined BET/ESS could decrease otologic symptoms and improve Eustachian tube function. BET may be an appropriate adjunctive procedure for treating chronic rhinosinusitis with obstructive ETD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yu Hsieh
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chieh Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ching Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fan Chou
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
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Wang CR, Lin WC. Onset or flare of systemic lupus erythematosus preceded by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. J Formos Med Assoc 2024; 123:133-135. [PMID: 37604709 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2023.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chrong-Reen Wang
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Chieh Lin
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
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Wang CR, Lin WC, Wong TW. Extended-Release Tofacitinib Therapy for a MDA5 Antibody-Positive Amyopathic Dermatomyositis Patient with Early-Stage Interstitial Lung Disease. Immunotargets Ther 2023; 12:187-192. [PMID: 38143567 PMCID: PMC10749167 DOI: 10.2147/itt.s445971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction In East Asia, more than half of patients with amyopathic dermatomyositis (ADM) have interstitial lung disease (ILD). There is up to 50% 6-month mortality in MDA5-positive ILD refractory to corticosteroid (CS) combined with immunosuppressant therapy. Patient Details A 39-year-old local woman had a 1-month history of reddish-purple discoloration around the eyelids (heliotrope rash), and erythematous areas on the upper back and posterior neck (shawl sign) as well as on the front of her chest (V sign), followed by dry cough and mild dyspnea for 1 week. She had normal muscle strength, muscle-enzyme concentrations, and muscular magnetic resonance images. Laboratory tests showed hypoxemia, increased ferritin and CRP levels, and positive MDA5 antibodies. High-resolution chest computed tomography revealed bilateral ground-glass opacity. She received a diagnosis of anti-MDA5-positive ADM with early-stage ILD. Intervention Pulse methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide therapies were initiated, followed by high-dose CS treatment. Immediate-release twice-daily 5 mg tofacitinib (Tof) has been demonstrated to be effective induction therapy for early-stage ILD in anti-MDA5-positive ADM. Owing to the patient's preference for once-daily therapy, 11 mg extended-release Tof was prescribed 4 weeks after starting the initial pulse CS treatment for ILD. Outcomes Respiratory symptoms and cutaneous manifestations were absent and the use of CS spared 5 months after initiating Tof therapy. Laboratory examinations exhibited normalized ferritin/oxygen levels, and chest images displayed completely resolved pulmonary infiltration. ILD remains under adequate control with Tof monotherapy without recurrence at 5 months. Lessons Owing to a rapid decline in higher mortality in anti-MDA5-positive ADM patients with ILD, early detection with prompt initiation of extended-release Tof induction therapy might achieve a beneficial outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrong-Reen Wang
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chieh Lin
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tak-Wah Wong
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
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Lin WC, Su PF, Chen CW. Pendelluft in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome during trigger and reverse triggering breaths. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22143. [PMID: 38092775 PMCID: PMC10719360 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49038-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Pendelluft, the shift of air from non-dependent to dependent lung regions, is known to occur during active breathing in ventilated patients. However, information about pendelluft in ARDS patients under assisted mechanical ventilation is limited. In this prospectively collected and retrospectively analyzed study, we combined electrical impedance tomography and respiratory mechanics monitoring to quantitatively examine pendelluft in trigger and reverse triggering breaths in 20 mechanically ventilated patients with ARDS during the transition from controlled to active breaths under volume-cycled ventilation. Besides the 10 resting breaths in each patient, 20% of the counted active breaths were selected based on three levels of esophageal pressure swing (∆Pes): low (< 5 cm H2O, breaths = 471), moderate (≥ 5, < 10 cm H2O, breaths = 906), and high effort (≥ 10 cm H2O, breaths = 565). The pendelluft response to breathing efforts was significantly greater in trigger breaths than in reverse triggering breaths (p < 0.0001). Based on the pendelluft-∆Pes slope (ml/cmH2O), there were two distinct patterns of effort-related pendelluft (high vs. low pendelluft group). For trigger breaths, the high pendelluft group (n = 9, slope 0.7-2.4 ml/cmH2O) was significantly associated with lower peak airway/plateau pressure and lower respiratory system/lung elastance than the low pendelluft group (n = 11, slope - 0.1 to 0.3 ml/cmH2O). However, there was no difference in respiratory mechanics between high and low pendelluft groups for reverse triggering breathes. The use of ∆Pes to predict pendelluft was found to have a low positive predictive value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chieh Lin
- Section of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Fang Su
- Department of Statistics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Wen Chen
- Section of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Lin WC, Chang YW, Kang TY, Ye CN, Wu HP, Lin CC. Balloon Eustachian Tuboplasty Combined or Not with Myringotomy in Eustachian Tube Dysfunction. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1527. [PMID: 38003842 PMCID: PMC10672311 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13111527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) is a common disorder causing ear pressure, pain, and hearing loss. Balloon Eustachian tuboplasty (BET) is an emerging technique for dilating the Eustachian tube and treating ETD. Whether adding myringotomy improves BET efficacy is controversial. METHODS This retrospective study included 95 ETD patients undergoing BET alone (n = 44) or BET with myringotomy (BET + M; n = 51) between June 2020 and August 2021 at a single medical center. The primary outcome was the change in ETDQ-7 symptom scores from baseline to 6 months after treatment. Secondary outcomes included audiometry, endoscopy, Valsalva maneuver, and complications. RESULTS The ETDQ-7 scores improved significantly after treatment in both groups (p < 0.001), without significant between-group differences (p = 0.417). No significant differences occurred in the audiometry, endoscopy, and Valsalva results or in most complications between groups. One BET + M patient had a persistent tympanic membrane perforation. CONCLUSIONS Both BET alone and BET + M effectively and safely improved the subjective and objective ETD outcomes. However, adding myringotomy did not further improve the outcomes over BET alone, while it incurred risks such as persistent perforation. BET alone may sufficiently treat ETD without requiring myringotomy in this cohort. Further randomized controlled trials should identify optimal candidates for BET alone versus combined approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chieh Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427, Taiwan; (W.-C.L.); (Y.-W.C.); (T.-Y.K.); (C.-N.Y.); (H.-P.W.)
| | - Yao-Wen Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427, Taiwan; (W.-C.L.); (Y.-W.C.); (T.-Y.K.); (C.-N.Y.); (H.-P.W.)
| | - Ting-Ya Kang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427, Taiwan; (W.-C.L.); (Y.-W.C.); (T.-Y.K.); (C.-N.Y.); (H.-P.W.)
| | - Ciou-Nan Ye
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427, Taiwan; (W.-C.L.); (Y.-W.C.); (T.-Y.K.); (C.-N.Y.); (H.-P.W.)
| | - Hung-Pin Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427, Taiwan; (W.-C.L.); (Y.-W.C.); (T.-Y.K.); (C.-N.Y.); (H.-P.W.)
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ching Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427, Taiwan; (W.-C.L.); (Y.-W.C.); (T.-Y.K.); (C.-N.Y.); (H.-P.W.)
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Zhang CF, Gao Y, Qin Y, Hu XY, Lu JN, Zhao SJ, Lin WC, Liu YF, Yin GQ, Jiang WH, Fan HF, Deng L. [Impact of asthma action plan-based remote joint management model on asthma control in children]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2023; 61:820-826. [PMID: 37650164 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20230222-00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To compare the effects of the China Children's Asthma Action Plan (CCAAP)-based remote joint management model with traditional management model on the control of childhood asthma. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze the general data and asthma control assessment data of 219 children with asthma who attended the respiratory department of Guangzhou Women's and Children's Medical Center from April 2021 to October 2021 and were followed up for 1 year or more. According to the follow-up management model, the CCAAP-based remote joint management model was used in the observation group and the traditional management model was used in the control group, and the propensity score matching method was applied to match the data of children in the two management models for comparison. Paired-samples t-test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, McNemar χ2-test or χ2-test or nonparametric tests were used to compare the general data and asthma control assessment data between the two matched groups of children. Results: Among 219 children with asthma, 145 were male and 74 were female, aged at consultation (7.2±2.4) years. There were 147 cases in the observation group and 72 cases in the control group, and 27 cases in each of the observation and control groups were successfully matched. The number of asthma exacerbation aura, acute exacerbations, and emergency room visits or hospitalizations for asthma exacerbations were lower in the observation group than in the control group after pairing (1 (0, 2) vs. 3 (1, 5) times, 0 (0,0) vs. 0 (0, 1) times, 0 (0,0) vs. 1 (0, 1) times, Z=-3.42, -2.58, -3.17, all P<0.05). The use of peak flowmeters was higher in children aged 5 years and older in the observation group than in the control group after pairing (100% (22/22) vs. 13% (3/23), χ2=54.00,P<0.001). The ratio of actual to predicted 1st second expiratory volume of force after follow-up in the observation group after pairing was higher than that before follow-up in the observation group and after follow-up in the control group ((95±11)% vs. (85±10)%, (95±11)% vs. (88±11)%, t=-3.40, 2.25, all P<0.05). The rate of complete asthma control after follow-up was higher in both the observation and control groups after pairing than before follow-up for 12 months in both groups (93% (25/27) vs. 41% (11/27), 52% (14/27) vs. 41% (11/27), H=56.19, 45.37, both P<0.001), and the rate of complete control of asthma in children in the observation group was higher than that in the control group at 3 and 12 months of follow-up management (56% (15/27) vs. 25% (5/20), 93% (25/27) vs. 52% (14/27), χ2=47.00, 54.00, both P<0.001). The number of offline follow-up visits, inhaled hormone medication adherence scores, and caregiver's asthma perception questionnaire scores were higher in the observation group than in the control group after pairing (6 (4, 8) vs. 4 (2,5), (4.8±0.3) vs. (4.0±0.6) score, (19.3±2.6) vs. (15.2±2.7) score, Z=6.58, t=6.57, 5.61, all P<0.05), and the children in the observation group had lower school absences, caregiver absences, asthma attack visit costs, and caregiver PTSD scores than the control group (0 (0,0) vs.3 (0, 15) d, 0 (0,0) vs. 3 (0, 10) d, 1 100 (0, 3 700) vs. 5 000 (1 000, 10 000) yuan, 1.3 (1.1, 1.9) vs. 2.0 (1.2, 2.7) score, Z=-2.89, -2.30, 2.74, 2.73, all P<0.05). Conclusion: The CCAAP-based joint management model of asthma control is superior to the traditional management model in the following aspects: it can effectively improve asthma control, self-monitoring, and lung function in children; it can improve treatment adherence and caregivers' asthma awareness; and it can reduce the duration of absenteeism from school, the cost of asthma exacerbation visits, and caregiver's negative psychology.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Y Gao
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Y Qin
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - X Y Hu
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - J N Lu
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - S J Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - W C Lin
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Y F Liu
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - G Q Yin
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - W H Jiang
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - H F Fan
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - L Deng
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510120, China
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Wang CR, Lin WC. Severe COVID-19 pneumonia in patients with rheumatoid arthritis under B-cell depletion therapy. J Formos Med Assoc 2023; 122:807-808. [PMID: 36918314 PMCID: PMC9992056 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2023.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chrong-Reen Wang
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Chieh Lin
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
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Lin WC, Kuo YH, Hsu CJ, Wu HP, Hsu YJ. Worsening Rhinosinusitis as a Prognostic Factor for Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123235. [PMID: 36551991 PMCID: PMC9775390 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhinosinusitis is common in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Our study aimed to explore the role of rhinosinusitis severity in NPC prognosis. Medical records and radiologic examinations of 90 patients with NPC at a single medical center from 2009−2016 were retrospectively analyzed. The Lund−Mackay (L−M) score was obtained for each patient before and after 6 months of treatment. Rhinosinusitis diagnosis was based on L−M scores of ≥4. L−M score differences were calculated as pre-treatment rhinosinusitis (PRRS) minus post-treatment rhinosinusitis (PSRS). L−M score difference was sub-grouped into “L−M scores > 0”, “L−M scores = 0”, and “L−M scores < 0”. Clinical staging of our patients based on the American Joint Committee on Cancer 7th edition were: stage I in nine, stage II in seventeen, stage III in twenty-two, and stage IV in forty-two patients; twenty-seven (30%) patients had died. PRRS incidence was 34.4%, and PSRS was 36.7%. Median of L−M scores difference was 0 (−2.2). L−M score difference was an independent prognostic factor for the overall survival of patients with NPC (p < 0.05). Therefore, worsening rhinosinusitis was a prognostic factor for patients with NPC. Clinicians should consider NPC as a warning sign of poor prognosis during routine follow-ups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chieh Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hung Kuo
- Department of Research, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Taichung 427, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Jen Hsu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427, Taiwan
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Pin Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Jhen Hsu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-4-3606-0666; Fax: +886-4-3606-5928
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Lin WC, Hsieh CY, Yu SH, Chang YW, Hsu CJ, Wu HP. Balloon Eustachian Tuboplasty with or Without Inferior Turbinectomy for Chronic Nasal Obstruction with Obstructive Eustachian Tube Dysfunction. B-ENT 2022. [DOI: 10.5152/b-ent.2022.21849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Huang M, Lin WC, Chen YD, Hsiao TA, Liu PY, Tsai WC. Explainable deep neural network for echocardiography view classification. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeab289.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan
Background
Deep neural network may assist echocardiography interpretation in several tasks; however, the lack of expandability hindered its broader application since physicians couldn’t realize the rationale of interpretation clearly and comfortably.
Method
Retrospectively, we manually annotated 26,465 transthoracic echocardiography images into 29 classes for model development in 4:1 ratio as training and validation datasets. We added an autoencoder component into our model, adapted from capsule net, for view-classifying to deconvolute the feature maps of last layer as decoder for human interpretation. The performance of view classification was measured in accuracy and confusion matrix, and the interpretability of model were assessed by cardiologist.
Result
After appropriate model training, the accuracy of our model achieved averaged 98.2% for echocardiography view classification, ranged from lowest 80.0% in suprasternal view to 100% of several more common view in validation dataset. The successful deconvolution of feature map to reconstruct images showed essential independent components of echocardiography view and could be interpretated by cardiologist and clinical physicians.
Conclusion
With the use of autoencoder in model for echocardiography view classification showed maintainable good performance in accuracy and facilitated clinical interpretation to enhance its reliability. Abstract Figure. Model architecture and performance Abstract Figure. Example of explaniable deconvolution
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Affiliation(s)
- M Huang
- National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Cardiology department, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - WC Lin
- National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Cardiology department, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - YD Chen
- National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Cardiology department, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - TA Hsiao
- National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Cardiology department, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - PY Liu
- National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Cardiology department, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - WC Tsai
- National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Cardiology department, Tainan, Taiwan
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12
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Su PL, Lin WC, Ko YF, Cheng KS, Chen CW. Electrical Impedance Tomography Analysis Between Two Similar Respiratory System Compliance During Decremetal PEEP Titration in ARDS Patients. J Med Biol Eng 2021; 41:888-894. [PMID: 34803552 PMCID: PMC8593398 DOI: 10.1007/s40846-021-00668-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) level with best respiratory system compliance (Crs) is frequently used for PEEP selection in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients. On occasion, two similar best Crs (where the difference between the Crs of two PEEP levels is < 1 ml/cm H2O) may be identified during decremental PEEP titration. Selecting PEEP under such conditions is challenging. The aim of this study was to provide supplementary rationale for PEEP selection by assessing the global and regional ventilation distributions between two PEEP levels in this situation. Methods Eight ARDS cases with similar best Crs at two different PEEP levels were analyzed using examination-specific electrical impedance tomography (EIT) measures and airway stress index (SIaw). Five Crs were measured at PEEP values of 25 cm H2O (PEEP25), 20 cm H2O (PEEP20), 15 cm H2O (PEEPH), 11 cm H2O (PEEPI), and 7 cm H2O (PEEPL). The higher PEEP value of the two PEEPs with similar best Crs was designated as PEEPupper, while the lower designated as PEEPlower. Results PEEPH and PEEPI shared the best Crs in two cases, while similar Crs was found at PEEPI and PEEPL in the remaining six cases. SIaw was higher with PEEPupper as compared to PEEPlower (1.06 ± 0.10 versus 0.99 ± 0.09, p = 0.05). Proportion of lung hyperdistension was significantly higher with PEEPupper than PEEPlower (7.0 ± 5.1% versus 0.3 ± 0.5%, p = 0.0002). In contrast, proportion of recruitable lung collapse was higher with PEEPlower than PEEPupper (18.6 ± 4.4% versus 5.9 ± 3.7%, p < 0.0001). Cyclic alveolar collapse and reopening during tidal breathing was higher at PEEPlower than PEEPupper (34.4 ± 19.3% versus 16.0 ± 9.1%, p = 0.046). The intratidal gas distribution (ITV) index was also significantly higher at PEEPlower than PEEPupper (2.6 ± 1.3 versus 1.8 ± 0.7, p = 0.042). Conclusions PEEPupper is a rational selection in ARDS cases with two similar best Crs. EIT provides additional information for the selection of PEEP in such circumstances. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40846-021-00668-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Lan Su
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, 70403 Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chieh Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, 70403 Taiwan
| | - Yen-Fen Ko
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Sung Cheng
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Wen Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, 70403 Taiwan.,Medical Device Innovation Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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13
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Hu CL, Cheng IC, Huang CH, Liao YT, Lin WC, Tsai KJ, Chi CH, Chen CW, Wu CH, Lin IT, Li CJ, Lin CW. Dry Wearable Textile Electrodes for Portable Electrical Impedance Tomography. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:s21206789. [PMID: 34696002 PMCID: PMC8537054 DOI: 10.3390/s21206789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Electrical impedance tomography (EIT), a noninvasive and radiation-free medical imaging technique, has been used for continuous real-time regional lung aeration. However, adhesive electrodes could cause discomfort and increase the risk of skin injury during prolonged measurement. Additionally, the conductive gel between the electrodes and skin could evaporate in long-term usage and deteriorate the signal quality. To address these issues, in this work, textile electrodes integrated with a clothing belt are proposed to achieve EIT lung imaging along with a custom portable EIT system. The simulation and experimental results have verified the validity of the proposed portable EIT system. Furthermore, the imaging results of using the proposed textile electrodes were compared with commercial electrocardiogram electrodes to evaluate their performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Lin Hu
- Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu 310, Taiwan; (I.-C.C.); (K.-J.T.); (C.-J.L.); (C.-W.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - I-Cheng Cheng
- Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu 310, Taiwan; (I.-C.C.); (K.-J.T.); (C.-J.L.); (C.-W.L.)
| | - Chih-Hsien Huang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; (C.-H.H.); (C.-H.W.)
| | - Yu-Te Liao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan; (Y.-T.L.); (I.-T.L.)
| | - Wei-Chieh Lin
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; (W.-C.L.); (C.-W.C.)
| | - Kun-Ju Tsai
- Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu 310, Taiwan; (I.-C.C.); (K.-J.T.); (C.-J.L.); (C.-W.L.)
| | - Chih-Hsien Chi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan;
| | - Chang-Wen Chen
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; (W.-C.L.); (C.-W.C.)
| | - Chia-Hsi Wu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; (C.-H.H.); (C.-H.W.)
| | - I-Te Lin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan; (Y.-T.L.); (I.-T.L.)
| | - Chien-Ju Li
- Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu 310, Taiwan; (I.-C.C.); (K.-J.T.); (C.-J.L.); (C.-W.L.)
| | - Chii-Wann Lin
- Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu 310, Taiwan; (I.-C.C.); (K.-J.T.); (C.-J.L.); (C.-W.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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Chen LW, Chuang WY, Hsieh YC, Lin HH, Lin WC, Lin LJ, Chang SC, Lee TT. Effects of dietary supplementation with Taiwanese tea byproducts and probiotics on growth performance, lipid metabolism, and the immune response in red feather native chickens. Anim Biosci 2020; 34:393-404. [PMID: 32882776 PMCID: PMC7961192 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.20.0223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study compared the catechin composition of different tea byproducts and investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with green tea byproducts on the accumulation of abdominal fat, the modulation of lipid metabolism, and the inflammatory response in red feather native chickens. Methods Bioactive compounds were detected, and in vitro anti-obesity capacity analyzed via 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. In animal experiments, 320 one-day-old red feather native chickens were divided into 4 treatment groups: control, basal diet supplemented with 0.5% Jinxuan byproduct (JBP), basal diet supplemented with 1% JBP, or basal diet supplemented with 5×106 colony-forming unit (CFU)/kg Bacillus amyloliquefaciens+5×106 CFU/kg Saccharomyces cerevisiae (BA+SC). Growth performance, serum characteristics, carcass characteristics, and the mRNA expression of selected genes were measured. Results This study compared several cultivars of tea, but Jinxuan showed the highest levels of the anti-obesity compound epigallocatechin gallate. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes treated with Jinxuan extract significantly reduced lipid accumulation. There were no significant differences in growth performance, serum characteristics, or carcass characteristics among the groups. However, in the 0.5% JBP group, mRNA expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) were significantly decreased. In the 1% JBP group, FAS, ACC and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ levels were significantly decreased. Moreover, inflammation-related mRNA expression levels were decreased by the addition of JBP. Conclusion JBP contained abundant catechins and related bioactive compounds, which reduced lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, however there was no significant reduction in abdominal fat. This may be due to a lack of active anti-obesity compounds or because the major changes in fat metabolism were not in the abdomen. Nonetheless, lipogenesis-related and inflammation-related mRNA expression were reduced in the 1% JBP group. In addition, dietary supplementation with tea byproducts could reduce the massive amount of byproducts created during tea production and modulate lipid metabolism and the inflammatory response in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- L W Chen
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - W Y Chuang
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Y C Hsieh
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - H H Lin
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - W C Lin
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - L J Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - S C Chang
- Kaohsiung Animal Propagation Station, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, 912, Taiwan
| | - T T Lee
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.,The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
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15
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Lee CY, Lin WC, Lin CC, Hsu CJ, Wu HP. Management Options for Patients With Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Undergoing Cochlear Implantation. Ear Nose Throat J 2020:145561320947274. [PMID: 32790586 DOI: 10.1177/0145561320947274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cochlear implantation (CI) has been successfully used to restore hearing in patients with severe to profound hearing loss. In addition to hearing loss, irradiated patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) also often have chronic otitis media and Eustachian tube (ET) dysfunction. These features may result in difficulties in CI. We conducted this study to review the management options for irradiated patients with NPC undergoing CI. Furthermore, we investigated the results of CI in irradiated patients with NPC with chronic otitis media and obstructive ET dysfunction, accordingly to different treatment strategies. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the data of patients with NPC who underwent CI in our hospital between 2006 and 2020. All subjects were found to be eligible according to the following inclusion criteria: had NPC, received irradiation, underwent cochlear implant surgery, and had chronic otitis media with obstructive ET dysfunction. RESULTS A total of 9 patients with obstructive ET dysfunction and chronic otitis media underwent cochlear implant surgery. Seven patients with an inflamed ETs underwent a 2-stage operation. Two patients with obliterated ETs, we performed a single-stage CI surgery. Only 1 patient had otitis media effusion after the surgery. CONCLUSION With the proper management of chronic otitis media and ET dysfunction, cochlear implant is an effective treatment for irradiated patients with NPC when conventional hearing aids failed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chee-Yee Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien
| | - Wei-Chieh Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung
| | - Chung-Ching Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung
| | - Chuan-Jen Hsu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei
| | - Hung-Pin Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien
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16
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Lin WC, Lee TT. Laetiporus sulphureus-fermented wheat bran enhanced the broiler growth performance by improving the intestinal microflora and inflammation status. Poult Sci 2020; 99:3606-3616. [PMID: 32616257 PMCID: PMC7597830 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the effects of Laetiporus sulphureus–fermented wheat bran (LS) as a feed supplementation on the immunomodulative properties in broiler chickens. Crude phenolic compounds, crude polysaccharides, crude triterpenoids, and ergosterol were determined in LS water extracts. In animal experiments, 400 male broilers (Ross 308) were randomly assigned into 5 groups fed with a corn–soybean–based diet (control) and a control diet replaced with 5% wheat bran (WB), 10% WB, 5% LS, and 10% LS, respectively. Each group had 4 replicates and 20 birds per pen (total of 80 birds/treatment). The results showed that the 5% LS–supplemented group had significantly higher BW in the finisher phase (22–35 D). Better feed conversion ratio (P < 0.05) of LS-supplemented groups was observed in both the finisher phase and the overall experimental period. The LS-supplemented groups had significantly lower coliform counts in the ileum than the other treatment and control groups (P < 0.05). The results of serum immunoglobulin showed that LS supplementation significantly increased serum IgA concentration compared with the control and WB-supplemented groups (P < 0.05). Simultaneously, ileal IgA contents of the LS groups were significantly higher than in the WB and control groups (P < 0.05). Regarding proinflammatory cytokines, serum tumor necrosis factor alpha and IL-6 in the LS-supplemented groups were significantly lower than those in the 10% WB group (P < 0.05), whereas serum tumor necrosis factor alpha and IL-1β in the 5% LS group were significantly lower than in both the control and WB-supplemented groups (P < 0.05). An investigation on the effects of LS on immune-related genes in broiler showed that chickens supplemented with 5% LS had lower levels of liver and jejunum IL-1β and NF-κB mRNA compared with the control group and WB groups (P < 0.05). In conclusion, LS supplementation can potentially enhance growth performance of broilers by improving intestinal microflora and inflammation status.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C Lin
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - T T Lee
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
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17
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Hsieh YC, Lin WC, Chuang WY, Chen MH, Chang SC, Lee TT. Effects of mushroom waster medium and stalk residues on the growth performance and oxidative status in broilers. Anim Biosci 2020; 34:265-275. [PMID: 32138471 PMCID: PMC7876722 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.19.0889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study developed mushroom stalk residues as feed additives in the broiler diet for improving the growth performance and immunity of broilers as well as to increase the value of mushroom stalk residues. METHODS In total, 300 ROSS 308 broilers were randomly allocated into fifteen pens with five dietary treatments: i) control, basal diet; ii) CMWM, supplemented with 1% Cordyceps militaris waster medium (CM); iii) CMPE, supplemented with 0.5% CM+0.5% Pleurotus eryngii stalk residue (PE); iv) CMPS, supplemented with 0.5% CM+0.5% Pleurotus sajorcaju stalk residue (PS); v) CMFV, supplemented with 0.5% CM+0.5% Fammulina velutipes stalk residue (FV). RESULTS The chemical analysis results showed that CM extracts, PE extracts, PS extracts, and FV extracts contain functional components such as polysaccharides and phenols and have both 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate scavenging and Ferrous scavenging capacities. The group CMWM saw increased body weight gain and feed conversion rate and the promotion of jejunum villus growth, but there is no significant difference in the intestinal bacteria phase. Antioxidant genes in the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2)- antioxidant responsive element pathway among the groups are significantly higher than that of the control group, especially in group CMWM. CONCLUSION The mushroom stalk residues have antioxidant functional components, can improve the intestinal health and body weight gain of chickens, and can activate the antioxidant pathway of Nrf2 to increase the heme oxygenase-1 expression. The treatment with 1% CM was the most promising as a feed additive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Hsieh
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - W C Lin
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - W Y Chuang
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - M H Chen
- Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Taichung City, 41362, Taiwan
| | - S C Chang
- Kaohsiung Animal Propagation Station, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan
| | - T T Lee
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.,The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
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Abstract
In clinical dentistry practice, supplemental bone surgery or jawbone defect after tooth extraction must be assisted by a bone-filling material. Cobalt-substituted hydroxyapatite (COHA) effectively promotes bone cell growth, reduces the inflammatory response, and is an antibacterial agent. COHA can therefore be used as an alveolar bone-filling material or guided bone regeneration membrane. Meanwhile, COHA can be used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with negative contrast agents and targeting materials without causing metal interference with the image. Hence, COHA has received increasing amounts of attention in recent years. However, the influence of different cobalt precursors on the synthesized COHA is still unknown. Therefore, COHA synthesized from 3 cobalt precursors (cobalt chloride, cobalt nitrate, and cobalt sulfate) was compared in this study. The results show that COHA synthesized by the precursor with the smallest anion radius, cobalt chloride, has a larger particle size (239 nm) and a higher cobalt ion substitution rate (15.6%). When the cobalt ion substitution rate increases, the MRI has a stronger contrast. Bioactivity data indicate that COHAC is more susceptible to degradation and therefore releases more cobalt ions to contribute to the differentiation of bone cells. Based on these studies, COHAC prepared with the cobalt chloride precursor has a higher cobalt ion substitution rate, faster degradation rate, better image contrast, and better bioactivity. It is therefore the preferred choice of bone-filling material for alveolar bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C Lin
- Graduate Institute of Oral Science, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C C Chuang
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Image, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - C Yao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - C M Tang
- Graduate Institute of Oral Science, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Chen WC, Lin WC, Yang CH, Wu CN, Luo SD. Autonomic dysfunction as an independent risk factor for uncontrolled inflammation in chronic rhinosinusitis following functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Rhinology 2019; 0:2224. [PMID: 31886799 DOI: 10.4193/rhin19.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a multi-factorial disorder that causes systemic symptoms beyond rhinologic symptoms alone. A possible association between autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction and CRS has been identified; however, few studies have confirmed this observation. In this study, we prospectively measured changes in ANS dysfunction symptoms following functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) and explored the impact of ANS dysfunction on surgical outcomes of CRS. METHODOLOGY Patients diagnosed with CRS who consented to surgical intervention were included prospectively. All patients completed the Sino-nasal Outcome Test-22 (SNOT-22) and the 31-item Composite Autonomic Symptom Score (COMPASS 31) questionnaires before the operation and during the follow-up period. Clinical demographic data, Lund-Mackay, and modified Lund-Kennedy scores were recorded and measured. RESULTS A total of 102 patients were enrolled. The median SNOT-22 and COMPASS 31 scores significantly improved following FESS from 43.0 to 14.0 and 21.0 to 11.2 (all P less than 0.001), respectively. FESS led to a significant reduction in the prevalence of various ANS dysfunction symptoms. In multivariate analyses, revision surgeries (odds ratio [OR] 5.012, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.52416.489; P=0.008), CRS with nasal polyps (OR 4.071, 95% CI 1.454-11.40; P=0.008), and higher Pre-FESS COMPASS 31 scores (OR 1.043, 95% CI 1.003-1.084; P=0.036) were independent risk factors for uncontrolled inflammation following FESS. CONCLUSIONS ANS dysfunction symptoms are prevalent in CRS and higher preoperative COMPASS 31 scores correspond with poor surgical outcomes. Following FESS, the majority of ANS dysfunction symptoms can be alleviated. Further investigations are required to explore the possible mechanism of how ANS is involved in the pathogenesis of CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Tajen University College of Pharmacy and Health care, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - W C Lin
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - C H Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - C N Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - S D Luo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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20
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Lee MT, Lin WC, Lin LJ, Wang SY, Chang SC, Lee TT. Effects of dietary Antrodia cinnamomea fermented product supplementation on antioxidation, anti-inflammation, and lipid metabolism in broiler chickens. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2019; 33:1113-1125. [PMID: 31480134 PMCID: PMC7322656 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.19.0392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study was investigated the effects of dietary supplementation of Antrodia cinnamomea fermented product on modulation of antioxidation, anti-inflammation, and lipid metabolism in broilers. Methods Functional compounds and in vitro antioxidant capacity were detected in wheat bran (WB) solid-state fermented by Antrodia cinnamomea for 16 days (FAC). In animal experiment, 400 d-old broiler chickens were allotted into 5 groups fed control diet, and control diet replaced with 5% WB, 10% WB, 5% FAC, and 10% FAC respectively. Growth performance, intestinal microflora, serum antioxidant enzymes and fatty acid profiles in pectoral superficial muscle were measured. Results Pretreatment with hot water extracted fermented product significantly reduced chicken peripheral blood mononuclear cells death induced by lipopolysaccharide and 2,2′-Azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride. Birds received 5% and 10% FAC had higher weight gain than WB groups. Cecal coliform and lactic acid bacteria were diminished and increased respectively while diet replaced with FAC. For FAC supplemented groups, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased at 35 days only, with catalase elevated at 21 and 35 day. Regarding serum lipid parameters, 10% FAC replacement significantly reduced triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein level in chickens. For fatty acid composition in pectoral superficial muscle of 35-d-old chickens, 5% and 10% FAC inclusion had birds with significantly lower saturated fatty acids as compared with 10% WB group. Birds on the 5% FAC diet had a higher degree of unsaturation, followed by 10% FAC, control, 5% WB, and 10% WB. Conclusion In conclusion, desirable intestinal microflora in chickens obtaining FAC may be attributed to the functional metabolites detected in final fermented product. Moreover, antioxidant effects observed in FAC were plausibly exerted in terms of improved antioxidant enzymes activities, increased unsaturated degree of fatty acids in chicken muscle and better weight gain in FAC inclusion groups, indicating that FAC possesses promising favorable mechanisms worthy to be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Lee
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - W C Lin
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - L J Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - S Y Wang
- Department of Forestry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - S C Chang
- Kaohsiung Animal Propagation Station, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, 912, Taiwan
| | - T T Lee
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.,The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
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21
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Lee MT, Lin WC, Lin LJ, Wang SY, Chang SC, Lee TT. Effects of dietary Antrodia cinnamomea fermented product supplementation on metabolism pathways of antioxidant, inflammatory, and lipid metabolism pathways-a potential crosstalk. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2019; 33:1167-1179. [PMID: 31480133 PMCID: PMC7322654 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.19.0393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study was conducted to fathom the underlying mechanisms of nutrition intervention and redox sensitive transcription factors regulated by Antrodia cinnamomea fermented product (FAC) dietary supplementation in broiler chickens. Methods Four hundreds d-old broilers (41±0.5 g/bird) assigned to 5 groups were examined after consuming control diet, or control diet replaced with 5% wheat bran (WB), 10% WB, 5% FAC, and 10% FAC. Liver mRNA expression of antioxidant, inflammatory and lipid metabolism pathways were analyzed. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) concentration in each group were tested in the chicken peripheral blood mononuclear cells (cPBMCs) of 35-d old broilers to represent the stress level of the chickens. Furthermore, these cells were stimulated with 2,2′-Azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to evaluate the cell stress tolerance by measuring cell viability and oxidative species. Results Heme oxygenase-1, glutathione S-transferase, glutamate-cysteine ligase, catalytic subunit, and superoxide dismutase, and nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) that regulates the above antioxidant genes were all up-regulated significantly in FAC groups. Reactive oxygen species modulator protein 1 and NADPH oxygenase 1 were both rather down-regulated in 10% FAC group as comparison with two WB groups. Despite expressing higher level than control group, birds receiving diet containing FAC had significantly lower expression level in nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and other genes (inducible nitric oxide synthase, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-containing family, pyrin domain-containing-3, and cyclooxygenase 2) involving in inflammatory pathways. Additionally, except for 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase that showed relatively higher in both groups, the WB, lipoprotein lipase, Acetyl-CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase, fatty acid binding protein, fatty acid desaturase 2 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha genes were expressed at higher levels in 10% FAC group. In support of above results, promoted Nrf2 and inhibited NF-κB nuclear translocation in chicken liver were found in FAC containing groups. H2O2 and NO levels induced by LPS and AAPH in cPBMCs were compromised in FAC containing diet. In 35-d-old birds, PGE2 production in cPBMCs was also suppressed by the FAC diet. Conclusion FAC may promote Nrf2 antioxidant pathway and positively regulate lipid metabolism, both are potential inhibitor of NF-κB inflammatory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Lee
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - W C Lin
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - L J Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - S Y Wang
- Department of Forestry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - S C Chang
- Kaohsiung Animal Propagation Station, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Kaohsiung 912, Taiwan
| | - T T Lee
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.,The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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22
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Chang KC, Chuang IC, Huang YC, Wu CY, Lin WC, Kuo YL, Lee TH, Ryu SJ. Risk factors outperform intracranial large artery stenosis predicting unfavorable outcomes in patients with stroke. BMC Neurol 2019; 19:180. [PMID: 31370812 PMCID: PMC6670158 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-019-1408-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study examined how intracranial large artery stenosis (ILAS), symptomatic and asymptomatic ILAS, and risk factors affect unfavorable outcome events after medical treatment in routine clinical practice. Methods This was a 24-month prospective observational study of consecutively recruited stroke patients. All participants underwent magnetic resonance angiography, and their clinical characteristics were assessed. Outcome events were vascular outcome, recurrent stroke, and death. Cox regression analyses were performed to identify potential factors associated with an unfavorable outcome, which included demographic and clinical characteristics, the risk factors, and stenosis status. Results The analysis included 686 patients; among them, 371 were assessed as ILAS negative, 231 as symptomatic ILAS, and 84 as asymptomatic ILAS. Body mass index (p < .05), hypertension (p = .01), and old infarction (p = .047) were factors relating to vascular outcomes. Hypertension was the only factor for recurrent stroke (p = .035). Poor glomerular filtration rate (< 30 mL/min/1.73 m2) (p = .011) and baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores (p < .001) were significant predictors of death. Conclusions This study extended previous results from clinical trials to a community-based cohort study by concurrently looking at the presence/absence of stenosis and a symptomatic/asymptomatic stenotic artery. Substantiated risk factors rather than the stenosis status were predominant determinants of adverse outcome. Although the degree of stenosis is often an indicator for treatment, we suggest risk factors, such as hypertension and renal dysfunction, should be monitored and intensively treated.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Chang
- Division of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,Discharge Planning Service Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - I C Chuang
- Department of Occupational Therapy and Graduate Institute of Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Y C Huang
- Division of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,Department of Measurement and Statistics, Education, National University of Tainan, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - C Y Wu
- Department of Occupational Therapy and Graduate Institute of Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Healthy Aging Research Center at Chang Gung University, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, 259 Wen-hwa 1st Road, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - W C Lin
- Department of Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Y L Kuo
- Department of Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - T H Lee
- Division of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - S J Ryu
- Division of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chieh Lin
- From the Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, 135 Nanxiao St, Changhua City, Changhua County 500, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Chen Wang
- From the Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, 135 Nanxiao St, Changhua City, Changhua County 500, Taiwan
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24
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Lin WC, Chen CW, Lu CL, Lai WW, Huang MH, Tsai LM, Li CY, Lai CH. The association between recent hospitalized COPD exacerbations and adverse outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention: a nationwide cohort study. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2019; 14:169-179. [PMID: 30655664 PMCID: PMC6322514 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s187345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose COPD is associated with coronary artery disease, and exacerbations are major events in COPD. However, the impact of recent hospitalized exacerbations on outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains underdetermined. Patients and methods Using the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan, we identified 215,275 adult patients who underwent first-time PCI between 2000 and 2012. Among these patients, 15,485 patients had COPD. The risks of hospital mortality, overall mortality, and adverse cardiovascular outcomes after PCI (ie, ischemic events, repeat revascularization, cerebrovascular events, and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events [MACCEs]) in relation to COPD, and the frequency and timing of recent hospitalized exacerbations within 1 year before PCI were estimated. Results COPD was independently associated with increased risks of hospital mortality, overall mortality, ischemic events, cerebrovascular events, and MACCE during follow-up after PCI. Among cerebrovascular events, ischemic rather than hemorrhagic stroke was more likely to occur. In COPD patients, recent hospitalized exacerbations further increased the risks of overall mortality, ischemic events, and MACCE following PCI. Notably, patients with more frequent or more recent hospitalized exacerbations had a trend toward higher risks of these adverse events (all P-values for trend <0.0001), especially those with ≥2 exacerbations within 1 year or any exacerbation within 1 month before PCI. Conclusion Integrated care is urgently needed to alleviate COPD-related morbidity and mortality after PCI, especially for patients with a recent hospitalized exacerbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chieh Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Wen Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Li Lu
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, .,Graduate Institute of Food Safety, College of Agriculture and Nature Resources, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Wei Lai
- Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan,
| | - Min-Hsin Huang
- Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan,
| | - Liang-Miin Tsai
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yi Li
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, .,Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan,
| | - Chao-Han Lai
- Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan,
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25
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Lin WC, Lee MT, Lin LJ, Chang SC, Lee TT. Immunomodulation Properties of Solid-State Fermented Laetiporussulphureus Ethanol Extracts in Chicken Peripheral Blood Monocytes In Vitro. Braz J Poult Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2018-0976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- WC Lin
- National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan
| | - MT Lee
- National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan
| | - LJ Lin
- College of Chinese Medicine China Medical University, Taiwan
| | - SC Chang
- Livestock Research Institute, Taiwan
| | - TT Lee
- National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan; National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan
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26
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Feng KY, Chen T, Zhang X, Shao GM, Cao Y, Chen DK, Lin WC, Chen F, Xie QM. Molecular characteristic and pathogenicity analysis of a virulent recombinant avain infectious bronchitis virus isolated in China. Poult Sci 2018; 97:3519-3531. [PMID: 29917155 PMCID: PMC7107092 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
A virulent infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), designated as CK/CH/GD/QY16 (referred as QY16), was isolated from a diseased chicken farm in Guangdong province, China, in 2016. The complete genome of the strain was sequenced and analyzed. The results show that the genome of QY16 consists of 27,670 nucleotides, excluding poly (A) tail, and that its genome organization is 5’ UTR-1a-1b-S-3a-3b-E-M-4b-4c-5a-5b-N-6b-3’ UTR-poly (A) tail. Sequence comparison among QY16 and other IBV strains was conducted and its results demonstrate that the S1 gene of QY16 has the highest nucleotide sequence identity with that of 4/91, and the other part of its genome is highly similar to that of YX10. The results of the phylogenic analysis show that the entire genome of QY16 and most of the QY16 genes are located in the same cluster as those of YX10, except for the S1 gene which is located in the same cluster with that of 4/91. It has been further confirmed by the RDP and SimPlot analysis that QY16 is a recombinant strain deriving from YX10 (as the major parental sequence) and 4/91 (as the minor parental sequence), and that the recombination occurs in a region which includes the 3’-terminal 1b sequence (85 nt) and the 5’-terminal S1 protein gene sequence (1,466 nt). The results of the vaccination-challenge test suggest that QY16 is a nephropathogenic strain of IBV and that the vaccine strains–H120 and 4/91—cannot provide effective protection against it. These results indicate that the continuing evolution of IBV strains by genetic drift and genetic recombination may lead to IBV outbreaks even among the vaccinated chickens in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Y Feng
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding & Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Health Aquaculture and Environmental Control, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.,Guangdong Animal Virus Vector Vaccine Engineering Research Center, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.,South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Poultry Disease Control and Product Safety, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - T Chen
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding & Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Health Aquaculture and Environmental Control, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - X Zhang
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding & Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, P. R. China
| | - G M Shao
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding & Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, P. R. China
| | - Y Cao
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding & Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, P. R. China
| | - D K Chen
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding & Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, P. R. China
| | - W C Lin
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding & Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Health Aquaculture and Environmental Control, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.,Guangdong Animal Virus Vector Vaccine Engineering Research Center, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.,South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Poultry Disease Control and Product Safety, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - F Chen
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding & Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Health Aquaculture and Environmental Control, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Q M Xie
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding & Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Health Aquaculture and Environmental Control, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.,Guangdong Animal Virus Vector Vaccine Engineering Research Center, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.,South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Poultry Disease Control and Product Safety, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
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Lee MT, Lin WC, Lee TT. Potential crosstalk of oxidative stress and immune response in poultry through phytochemicals - A review. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2018; 32:309-319. [PMID: 30381743 PMCID: PMC6409470 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.18.0538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Phytochemicals which exist in various plants and fungi are non-nutritive compounds that exert numerous beneficial bioactive actions for animals. In recent years following the restriction of antibiotics, phytochemicals have been regarded as a primal selection when dealing with the challenges during the producing process in the poultry industry. The selected fast-growing broiler breed was more fragile when confronting the stressors in their growing environments. The disruption of oxidative balance that impairs the production performance in birds may somehow be linked to the immune system since oxidative stress and inflammatory damage are multi-stage processes. This review firstly discusses the individual influence of oxidative stress and inflammation on the poultry industry. Next, studies related to the application of phytochemicals or botanical compounds with the significance of their antioxidant and immunomodulatory abilities are reviewed. Furthermore, we bring up nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) for they are respectively the key transcription factors involved in oxidative stress and inflammation for elucidating the underlying signal transduction pathways. Finally, by the discussion about several reports using phytochemicals to regulate these transcription factors leading to the improvement of oxidative status, heme oxygenase-1 gene is found crucial for Nrf2-mediated NF-κB inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Lee
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - W C Lin
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - T T Lee
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.,The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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28
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Lin WC, Lee MT, Chang SC, Chang YL, Shih CH, Yu B, Lee TT. Effects of mulberry leaves on production performance and the potential modulation of antioxidative status in laying hens. Poult Sci 2018; 96:1191-1203. [PMID: 28339512 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the antioxidant ability of Taisung No. 3 mulberry leaf extract (MLE) as well as the potential of mulberry leaf (ML)-based dietary supplementation for modulating the antioxidative status of laying hens. The results showed that the MLE had a total phenolic compound content of 7.4 ± 0.15 mg of gallic acid equivalent/g dry weight (DW) and a total flavonoid content of 4.4 ± 0.19 mg of quercetin equivalent/g DW. The 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free-radical-scavenging ability was 45.9% when 0.1 mg/mL MLE was added. The lipid oxidation inhibition ability was 43.9% when 50 mg/mL MLE was added. We subjected 96 laying hens (Hendrix Genetics) to 4 treatments, namely diets supplemented with dry ML at 0 (control), 0.5, 1, or 2% for 12 weeks. Each treatment involved 8 replicates with 3 hens each. The results indicated that the 0.5% ML-supplemented group exhibited significantly higher mRNA levels of antioxidant-regulated genes, such as Nrf2, HO-1, and GST, and significantly lower ROMO1 gene expression levels at wk 12. The serum malondialdehyde level was lower and the catalase activity and superoxide dismutase activity were higher in all the ML-supplemented groups than in the control group. The egg mass and feed conversion rate significantly improved in the ML-supplemented groups compared with the control group, and, overall, 1% ML supplementation had the most favorable effects at one to 12 weeks. The egg yolk weight, shell weight, shell strength, shell thickness, yolk color, and Haugh unit were increased among all ML-supplemented groups at one to 12 weeks. On the basis of these observations, we conclude that 0.5% ML can be used as a new feed additive to potentially modulate the antioxidative status of laying hens and improve their production performance and egg quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C Lin
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - M T Lee
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - S C Chang
- Changhua Animal Propagation Station, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Changhua, 521, Taiwan
| | - Y L Chang
- Miaoli District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Miaoli, 363, Taiwan
| | - C H Shih
- Miaoli District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Miaoli, 363, Taiwan
| | - B Yu
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - T T Lee
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
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29
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Lin WC, Wang PC, Wang CC. Retroperitoneal colon perforation after endoscopic polypectomy successfully treated by conservative treatment. Adv Dig Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aid2.13079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chieh Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation and School of Medicine; Tzu Chi University; Hualien Taiwan
| | - Pin-Chao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation and School of Medicine; Tzu Chi University; Hualien Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation and School of Medicine; Tzu Chi University; Hualien Taiwan
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30
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Lee MT, Lai LP, Lin WC, Ciou JY, Chang SC, Yu B, Lee TT. Improving Nutrition Utilization and Meat Quality of Broiler Chickens Through Solid-State Fermentation of Agricultural By-Products by Aureobasidium Pullulans. Rev Bras Cienc Avic 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2017-0495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- MT Lee
- National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan
| | - LP Lai
- National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan
| | - WC Lin
- National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan
| | | | - SC Chang
- Livestock Research Institute, Taiwan
| | - B Yu
- National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan
| | - TT Lee
- National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan
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31
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Lin JL, Lin WC, Liu JK, Surampalli RY, Zhang TC, Kao CM. Aerobic Biodegradation of OCDD by P. Mendocina NSYSU: Effectiveness and Gene Inducement Studies. Water Environ Res 2017; 89:2113-2121. [PMID: 29166993 DOI: 10.2175/106143017x15054988926415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The goals of this study were to assess the effectiveness of (1) enhancing octachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (OCDD) biodegradation under aerobic conditions by Pseudomonas mendocina NSYSU (P. Mendocina NSYSU) with the addition of lecithin, and (2) inducing OCDD ring-cleavage genes by pentachlorophenol (PCP) and OCDD addition. P. Mendocina NSYSU could biodegrade OCDD via aerobic cometabolism and lecithin was used as a primary substrate. Approximately 74 and 67% of OCDD biodegradation was observed after 60 days of incubation with lecithin and glucose supplement, respectively. Lecithin was also used as the solubilization additive resulting in OCDD solubilization and enhanced bioavailability of OCDD to P. Mendocina NSYSU. Two intradiol and extradiol ring-cleavage dioxygenase genes (Pmen_0474 and Pmen_2526) were identified from gene analyses. Gene concentration was significantly enhanced after the inducement by PCP and OCDD. Higher gene inducement efficiency was obtained using PCP as the inducer, and Pmen_2526 played a more important role in OCDD biodegradation.
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32
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Lin WC, Chen CW, Lai CH. Long-term outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a 13-year nationwide cohort study. Epidemiology 2017. [DOI: 10.1183/1393003.congress-2017.pa1570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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33
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Lin WC, Kovalsky A, Wang YC, Wang LL, Goldberg S, Kao WL, Wu CY, Chang HY, Shyue JJ, Burda C. Interpenetration of CH 3NH 3PbI 3 and TiO 2 improves perovskite solar cells while TiO 2 expansion leads to degradation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:21407-21413. [PMID: 28758661 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp03116e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells have drawn much attention and achieved efficiencies over 22%, but relatively little is known about the long-term stability under photovoltaic operation. So far, stability studies have reported about the importance of degradation of each layer, but little to no consideration has been given to the whole device architecture. We investigated the stability of perovskite solar cells in order to fundamentally understand the mechanism behind efficiency improvement/degradation during device operation. We found that during operation the interfaces of the perovskite and the electron-transport layer (ETL), meso-porous TiO2, further intermix with each other, which leads to improved power conversion efficiency (PCE) during the initial operation of these solar cells. The operation-induced structural changes are examined directly by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) with in situ low-energy Ar+ sputtering and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) with C60 sputtering. In addition, this study describes that the primary cause of irreversible degradation during operation is due to the expansion of TiO2 and ion migration throughout the perovskite solar cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C Lin
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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Lin WC, Chen CW, Chao L, Chao J, Lin YS. Plasma kallistatin in critically ill patients with severe sepsis and septic shock. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178387. [PMID: 28542440 PMCID: PMC5443576 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Kallistatin, an endogenous serine proteinase inhibitor, is protective against sepsis in animal models. The aim of this study was to determine the plasma concentration of kallistatin in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with severe sepsis and septic shock and to determine their potential correlation with disease severity and outcomes. We enrolled 86 ICU patients with severe sepsis and septic shock. Their plasma concentrations of kallistatin, kallikrein, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The association of kallistatin levels with disease severity and patient outcomes was evaluated. The relationship between kallistatin and other biomarkers was also analyzed. Plasma kallistatin levels on day 1 of ICU admission were lower in patients with septic shock compared with patients with severe sepsis (p = 0.004). Twenty-nine patients who died in the hospital had significantly lower day 1 kallistatin levels than patients who survived (p = 0.031). Using the optimal cutoff value (4 μg/ml) of day 1 plasma kallistatin determined by receiver operating characteristic curves for 60-day mortality, we found that high kallistatin levels were associated with a preferable 60-day survival (p = 0.012) by Kaplan-Meier analysis and lower Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores over the first 5 days in the ICU (p = 0.001). High kallistatin levels were also independently associated with a decreased risk of septic shock, the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome, and positive blood cultures. In addition, there were inverse correlations between day 1 kallistatin levels and the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and C-reactive protein, and SOFA scores on day 1. Our results indicate that during severe sepsis and septic shock, a decrease in plasma concentrations of kallistatin reflects increased severity and poorer outcome of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chieh Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Wen Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Lee Chao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Julie Chao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Yee-Shin Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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35
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Lin WC, Westphalen AC, Silva GE, Chodraui Filho S, Reis RB, Muglia VF. Erratum to: Comparison of PI-RADS 2, ADC histogram-derived parameters, and their combination for the diagnosis of peripheral zone prostate cancer. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2017; 42:1619. [PMID: 28138729 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-017-1047-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W C Lin
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, 505, Parnassus Av., San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
- School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - A C Westphalen
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, 505, Parnassus Av., San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
- Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, and Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA.
| | - G E Silva
- Department of Pathology, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - S Chodraui Filho
- Division of Radiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R B Reis
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - V F Muglia
- Division of Radiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Chen DK, Lin WC, Zhang P, Kuang SJ, Huang W, Wang TB. [First aid system for trauma: development and status]. Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2017; 49:368-371. [PMID: 28416852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
With the great progress of the economy, the level of industrialization has been increasing year by year, which leads to an increase in accidental trauma accidents. Chinese annual death of trauma is already more than 400 000, which makes trauma the fifth most common cause of death, following malignant tumor, heart, brain and respiratory diseases. Trauma is the leading cause of the death of young adults. At the same time, trauma has become a serious social problem in peace time. Trauma throws great treats on human health and life. As an important part in the medical and social security system, the emergency of trauma system occupies a very important position in the emergency medical service system. In European countries as well as the United States and also many other developed countries, trauma service system had a long history, and progressed to an advanced stage. However, Chinese trauma service system started late and is still developing. It has not turned into a complete and standardized system yet. This review summarizes the histories and current situations of the development of traumatic first aid system separately in European countries, the United States and our country. Special attentions are paid to the effects of the pre- and in-hospital emergency care. We also further try to explore the Chinese trauma emergency model that adapts to the situations of China and characteristics of different regions of China. Our review also introduces the trauma service system that suits the situations of China proposed by Professor Jiang Baoguo's team in details, taking Chinese conditions into account, they conducted a thematic study and made an expert consensus on pre-hospital emergency treatment of severe trauma, providing a basic routine and guidance of severe trauma treatment for those pre-hospital emergency physicians. They also advised to establish independent trauma disciplines and trauma specialist training systems, and to build the regional trauma care system as well as the standards for graded treatment, thus establishing a multiple disciplinary team (MDT) of severe trauma. In this way, we can reduce the mortality and disability risks of severe trauma, improve the quality of patients' life, and save more lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- D K Chen
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Peking University People's Hospital; Peking University Traffic Medicine Center, Beijing 100044, China
| | - W C Lin
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Peking University People's Hospital; Peking University Traffic Medicine Center, Beijing 100044, China
| | - P Zhang
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Peking University People's Hospital; Peking University Traffic Medicine Center, Beijing 100044, China
| | - S J Kuang
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Peking University People's Hospital; Peking University Traffic Medicine Center, Beijing 100044, China
| | - W Huang
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Peking University People's Hospital; Peking University Traffic Medicine Center, Beijing 100044, China
| | - T B Wang
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Peking University People's Hospital; Peking University Traffic Medicine Center, Beijing 100044, China
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Su PL, Kao PS, Lin WC, Su PF, Chen CW. Limited predictability of maximal muscular pressure using the difference between peak airway pressure and positive end-expiratory pressure during proportional assist ventilation (PAV). Crit Care 2016; 20:382. [PMID: 27888836 PMCID: PMC5124486 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-016-1554-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background If the proportional assist ventilation (PAV) level is known, muscular effort can be estimated from the difference between peak airway pressure and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) (ΔP) during PAV. We conjectured that deducing muscle pressure from ΔP may be an interesting method to set PAV, and tested this hypothesis using the oesophageal pressure time product calculation. Methods Eleven mechanically ventilated patients with oesophageal pressure monitoring under PAV were enrolled. Patients were randomly assigned to seven assist levels (20–80%, PAV20 means 20% PAV gain) for 15 min. Maximal muscular pressure calculated from oesophageal pressure (Pmus, oes) and from ΔP (Pmus, aw) and inspiratory pressure time product derived from oesophageal pressure (PTPoes) and from ΔP (PTPaw) were determined from the last minute of each level. Pmus, oes and PTPoes with consideration of PEEPi were expressed as Pmus, oes, PEEPi and PTPoes, PEEPi, respectively. Pressure time product was expressed as per minute (PTPoes, PTPoes, PEEPi, PTPaw) and per breath (PTPoes, br, PTPoes, PEEPi, br, PTPaw, br). Results PAV significantly reduced the breathing effort of patients with increasing PAV gain (PTPoes 214.3 ± 80.0 at PAV20 vs. 83.7 ± 49.3 cmH2O•s/min at PAV80, PTPoes, PEEPi 277.3 ± 96.4 at PAV20 vs. 121.4 ± 71.6 cmH2O•s/min at PAV80, p < 0.0001). Pmus, aw overestimates Pmus, oes for low-gain PAV and underestimates Pmus, oes for moderate-gain to high-gain PAV. An optimal Pmus, aw could be achieved in 91% of cases with PAV60. When the PAV gain was adjusted to Pmus, aw of 5–10 cmH2O, there was a 93% probability of PTPoes <224 cmH2O•s/min and 88% probability of PTPoes, PEEPi < 255 cmH2O•s/min. Conclusion Deducing maximal muscular pressure from ΔP during PAV has limited accuracy. The extrapolated pressure time product from ΔP is usually less than the pressure time product calculated from oesophageal pressure tracing. However, when the PAV gain was adjusted to Pmus, aw of 5–10 cmH2O, there was a 90% probability of PTPoes and PTPoes, PEEPi within acceptable ranges. This information should be considered when applying ΔP to set PAV under various gains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Lan Su
- Section of Chest Medicine and Respiratory Care, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Shan Kao
- Section of Chest Medicine and Respiratory Care, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences; Department of Respiratory Care, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chieh Lin
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Fang Su
- Department of Statistics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Wen Chen
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. .,Medical Device Innovation Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Lee MT, Lin WC, Yu B, Lee TT. Antioxidant capacity of phytochemicals and their potential effects on oxidative status in animals - A review. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2016; 30:299-308. [PMID: 27660026 PMCID: PMC5337908 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.16.0438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress suppresses animal health, performance, and production, subsequently impacting economic feasibility; hence, maintaining and improving oxidative status especially through natural nutrition strategy are essential for normal physiological process in animals. Phytochemicals are naturally occurring antioxidants that could be considered as one of the most promising materials used in animal diets in various forms. In this review, their antioxidant effects on animals are discussed as reflected by improved apparent performance, productivity, and the internal physiological changes. Moreover, the antioxidant actions toward animals further describe a molecular basis to elucidate their underlying mechanisms targeting signal transduction pathways, especially through the antioxidant response element/nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 transcription system.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Lee
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - W C Lin
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - B Yu
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - T T Lee
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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Chen YH, Lin CC, Huang MJ, Hung K, Wu YC, Lin WC, Chen-Cheng RW, Lin HW, Cheng CH. Superior upconversion fluorescence dopants for highly efficient deep-blue electroluminescent devices. Chem Sci 2016; 7:4044-4051. [PMID: 30155047 PMCID: PMC6013926 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc00100a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly efficient deep-blue electroluminescent devices are realized via an efficient triplet–triplet annihilation process of styrylpyrene-based emitters.
In this study, we revealed a new approach for the development of new triplet–triplet annihilation (TTA) materials with highly efficient deep-blue fluorescence via the incorporation of a styrylpyrene core and an electron-donating group. The resulting deep-blue emitters (PCzSP, DFASP, and DPASP) exhibit intramolecular charge transfer emissions with remarkably high emission quantum yields. The electroluminescent devices based on these three fluorophores as dopants using CBP as a host exhibit very high device efficiencies; in particular, the DPASP-doped device reveals an extremely high EQE of 12%, reaching the limit of a TTA-based device. The EL characteristics of DPASP-doped CBP-based devices at various doping concentrations (0–5%) suggest that the dopant DPASP is responsible for the TTA-type delayed fluorescence in the device; no delayed fluorescence was observed for the device using CBP as the host emitter. Moreover, when using DMPPP with ambipolar characteristics as the host, the deep-blue DPASP-doped device also gives outstanding performance with an EQE of nearly 11% with an extremely small efficiency roll-off, which was ascribed to the excellent charge balance in the emitting layer of the EL device. The TTA process of the SP-based dopants accounts significantly for the superior efficiencies of the EL devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsiang Chen
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan . ;
| | - Chih-Chun Lin
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan . ;
| | - Min-Jie Huang
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan . ;
| | - Kevin Hung
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan . ;
| | - Yi-Ching Wu
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan . ;
| | - Wei-Chieh Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan
| | - Ren-Wu Chen-Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan
| | - Hao-Wu Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hong Cheng
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan . ;
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Lee IC, Chen EE, Tsai CH, Yen NS, Chen ALP, Lin WC. Voting Intention and Choices: Are Voters Always Rational and Deliberative? PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148643. [PMID: 26886266 PMCID: PMC4757036 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Human rationality–the ability to behave in order to maximize the achievement of their presumed goals (i.e., their optimal choices)–is the foundation for democracy. Research evidence has suggested that voters may not make decisions after exhaustively processing relevant information; instead, our decision-making capacity may be restricted by our own biases and the environment. In this paper, we investigate the extent to which humans in a democratic society can be rational when making decisions in a serious, complex situation–voting in a local political election. We believe examining human rationality in a political election is important, because a well-functioning democracy rests largely upon the rational choices of individual voters. Previous research has shown that explicit political attitudes predict voting intention and choices (i.e., actual votes) in democratic societies, indicating that people are able to reason comprehensively when making voting decisions. Other work, though, has demonstrated that the attitudes of which we may not be aware, such as our implicit (e.g., subconscious) preferences, can predict voting choices, which may question the well-functioning democracy. In this study, we systematically examined predictors on voting intention and choices in the 2014 mayoral election in Taipei, Taiwan. Results indicate that explicit political party preferences had the largest impact on voting intention and choices. Moreover, implicit political party preferences interacted with explicit political party preferences in accounting for voting intention, and in turn predicted voting choices. Ethnic identity and perceived voting intention of significant others were found to predict voting choices, but not voting intention. In sum, to the comfort of democracy, voters appeared to engage mainly explicit, controlled processes in making their decisions; but findings on ethnic identity and perceived voting intention of significant others may suggest otherwise.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Ching Lee
- Department of Psychology, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Research Center for Mind, Brain, and Learning, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
| | - Eva E. Chen
- Division of Social Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
| | - Chia-Hung Tsai
- Election Study Center, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Shing Yen
- Department of Psychology, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Research Center for Mind, Brain, and Learning, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Arbee L. P. Chen
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chieh Lin
- Department of Computer Science, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chen YH, Lin CC, Huang MJ, Hung K, Wu YC, Lin WC, Chen-Cheng RW, Lin HW, Cheng CH. Correction: Superior upconversion fluorescence dopants for highly efficient deep-blue electroluminescent devices. Chem Sci 2016; 7:4759-4760. [PMID: 30124675 PMCID: PMC6063196 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc90033j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Correction for ‘Superior upconversion fluorescence dopants for highly efficient deep-blue electroluminescent devices’ by Yi-Hsiang Chen et al., Chem. Sci., 2016, DOI: ; 10.1039/c6sc00100a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsiang Chen
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan .
| | - Chih-Chun Lin
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan .
| | - Min-Jie Huang
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan .
| | - Kevin Hung
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan .
| | - Yi-Ching Wu
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan .
| | - Wei-Chieh Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan
| | - Ren-Wu Chen-Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan
| | - Hao-Wu Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hong Cheng
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan .
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Lin WC, Chen CW, Wang JD, Tsai LM. Is tracheostomy a better choice than translaryngeal intubation for critically ill patients requiring mechanical ventilation for more than 14 days? A comparison of short-term outcomes. BMC Anesthesiol 2015; 15:181. [PMID: 26669760 PMCID: PMC4681017 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-015-0159-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tracheostomy is recommended for patients receiving mechanical ventilation (MV) for 14 days or more in the intensive care unit (ICU). Nevertheless, many patients undergoing prolonged MV remain intubated via the translaryngeal route. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of tracheostomy and persistent translaryngeal intubation on short-term outcomes in patients mechanically ventilated for ≥14 days. Methods A retrospective study was conducted using the admissions database of a 75-bed ICU from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2012. Patients who required prolonged MV without tracheostomy at the time of initiation of a ventilator were included. The outcomes were successful weaning, and ICU and in-hospital death. Cox models were constructed to calculate the influence of tracheostomy on the outcome measures while adjusting for other potentially confounding factors. Results Of the 508 patients requiring prolonged MV, 164 were tracheostomized after a median 18 days of MV. Patients in whom translaryngeal intubation was maintained had significantly higher ICU (42.7 % versus 17.1 %, p <0.001) and in-hospital (54.1 % versus 22.0 %, p <0.001) mortality rates, and a significantly lower successful weaning rate (40.4 % versus 68.9 %, p <0.001). The results were consistent after matching for the propensity score of performing tracheostomy. Furthermore, a time-dependent covariate Cox model showed that a tracheostomy was independently associated with lower in-hospital mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.26; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 0.18–0.39) and higher successful weaning rate (aHR, 2.05; 95 % CI, 1.56–2.68). Conclusions Tracheostomy is associated with lower in-hospital mortality and higher successful weaning rates in ICU patients receiving prolonged MV. However, the cost-effectiveness and long-term outcomes of tracheostomy for this cohort require further study. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12871-015-0159-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chieh Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 704, Taiwan.
| | - Chang-Wen Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 704, Taiwan.
| | - Jung-Der Wang
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 University Road, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.
| | - Liang-Miin Tsai
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 704, Taiwan.
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Lai CH, Lai WW, Chiou MJ, Lin WC, Yang YJ, Li CY, Tsai LM. Outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus: an 11-year nationwide cohort study. Ann Rheum Dis 2015; 75:1350-6. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-207719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Lin WC, Chen CW, Huang YW, Chao L, Chao J, Lin YS, Lin CF. Kallistatin protects against sepsis-related acute lung injury via inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis. Sci Rep 2015. [PMID: 26198099 PMCID: PMC4510498 DOI: 10.1038/srep12463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Kallistatin, an endogenous plasma protein, exhibits pleiotropic properties in inhibiting inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis, as evidenced in various animal models and cultured cells. Here, we demonstrate that kallistatin levels were positively correlated with the concentration of total protein in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF) from patients with sepsis-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), indicating a compensatory mechanism. Lower ratio of kallistatin to total protein in BALF showed a significant trend toward elevated neutrophil counts (P = 0.002) in BALF and increased mortality (P = 0.046). In lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated mice, expression of human kallistatin in lung by gene transfer with human kallistatin-encoding plasmid ameliorated acute lung injury (ALI) and reduced cytokine/chemokine levels in BALF. These mice exhibited attenuated lung epithelial apoptosis and decreased Fas/FasL expression compared to the control mice. Mouse survival was improved by kallistatin gene transfer or recombinant human kallistatin treatment after LPS challenge. In LPS-stimulated A549 human lung epithelial cells, kallistatin attenuated apoptosis, down-regulated Fas/FasL signaling, suppressed intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibited ROS-mediated NF-κB activation and inflammation. Furthermore, LPS-induced apoptosis was blocked by antioxidant N-acetylcysteine or NF-κB inhibitor via down-regulating Fas expression. These findings suggest the therapeutic potential of kallistatin for sepsis-related ALI/ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chieh Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Wen Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wen Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Lee Chao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Julie Chao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Yee-Shin Lin
- 1] Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan [2] Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chiou-Feng Lin
- 1] Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan [2] Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Liao KM, Lin WC, Lin TC, Li CY, Yang YHK. Disease severity at the first hospitalization as a predictor for mechanical ventilation dependency in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2015; 234:263-9. [PMID: 25447276 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.234.263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are predisposed to respiratory failure with ventilator dependency. This study aims to determine the risk of prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV), defined as 22 days or more of mechanical ventilation dependency after the first day of hospital admission (index date) in patients diagnosed with COPD. A retrospective cohort was conducted using medical claim data of Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. Eligible study subjects were those who had a diagnosis of COPD made between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2009. Patients were then followed until being registered as a PMV case, death, or the end of the study. The comorbidities were measured from January 1, 1997 to the index date by the ICD-9 code. The study sample consisted of 6,341 patients with COPD with a mean age of 73.89 (± 12.01) years. Over a maximum of 6 years of follow-up, 654 patients developed PMV dependency, with an incidence density of 41.56 per 1,000 person-years. Patients aged 70 years and older were at significantly increased risk for PMV dependency, compared to those aged 40-49 years after adjusting for confounders. Expenses per visit and hospital visits per year, representing the severity of the COPD, were also associated with an elevated risk of PMV. Most patients developed PMV dependency within the first two years after the index date. Physicians should be aware that elderly patients with COPD have a high risk of PMV after first hospitalization, and these patients need to be closely monitored.
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Hsing CH, Chen CL, Lin WC, Lin CF. Propofol Treatment Inhibits Constitutive Apoptosis in Human Primary Neutrophils and Granulocyte-Differentiated Human HL60 Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129693. [PMID: 26061531 PMCID: PMC4465642 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis regulation is essential for neutrophil homeostasis. We previously demonstrated that a process involving glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β determines neutrophil apoptosis. As for this apoptotic process, an overdose of propofol (2,6-Diisopropylphenol; 25 μg/ml or 140 μM) also causes GSK-3β-mediated macrophage apoptosis; however, the early deactivation of GSK-3β with low-dose propofol has been shown. Therefore, we hypothesize that low-dose propofol may induce neutrophil survival via GSK-3β inactivation. Following in vitro culture, the therapeutic concentration of propofol (10 μg/ml or 56 μM) treatment decreased constitutive apoptosis in isolated human primary neutrophils and in granulocyte-differentiated HL60 cells after all-trans retinoic acid (1 μM) treatment. The inactivation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase)/AKT and the activation of GSK-3β results in myeloid cell leukemia 1 (Mcl-1) down-regulation, the loss of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential, and caspase-3 activation in these cells, which is accompanied by apoptosis. Notably, propofol treatment attenuates these effects in a PI3-kinase-regulated manner. We found that propofol initiates PI3-kinase/AKT-mediated GSK-3β inactivation and Mcl-1 stabilization, rescuing the constitutive apoptosis in primary neutrophils and granulocyte-differentiated acute promyelocytic leukemia HL60 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Hsi Hsing
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ling Chen
- Translational Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chieh Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chiou-Feng Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Late inspiratory rise in airway pressure (LIRAP, Paw/ΔT) caused by inspiratory muscle relaxation or expiratory muscle contraction is frequently seen during pressure support ventilation (PSV), although the modulating factors are unknown. METHODS We investigated the effects of respiratory mechanics (normal, obstructive, restrictive, or mixed), inspiratory effort (-2, -8, or -15 cm H2O), flow cycle criteria (5-40% peak inspiratory flow), and duration of inspiratory muscle relaxation (0.18-0.3 s) on LIRAP during PSV using a lung simulator and 4 types of ventilators. RESULTS LIRAP occurred with all lung models when inspiratory effort was medium to high and duration of inspiratory muscle relaxation was short. The normal lung model was associated with the fastest LIRAP, whereas the obstructive lung model was associated with the slowest. Unless lung mechanics were normal or mixed, LIRAP was unlikely to occur when inspiratory effort was low. Different ventilators were also associated with differences in LIRAP speed. Except for within the restrictive lung model, changes in flow cycle level did not abolish LIRAP if inspiratory effort was medium to high. Increased duration of inspiratory relaxation also led to the elimination of LIRAP. Simulation of expiratory muscle contraction revealed that LIRAP occurred only when expiratory muscle contraction occurred sometime after the beginning of inspiration. CONCLUSIONS Our simulation study reveals that both respiratory resistance and compliance may affect LIRAP. Except for under restrictive lung conditions, LIRAP is unlikely to be abolished by simply lowering flow cycle criteria when inspiratory effort is strong and relaxation time is rapid. LIRAP may be caused by expiratory muscle contraction when it occurs during inspiration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wei-Chieh Lin
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | | | - Chang-Wen Chen
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan City, Taiwan. Medical Device Innovation Center, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan.
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Tu YT, Liu JK, Lin WC, Lin JL, Kao CM. Enhanced anaerobic biodegradation of OCDD-contaminated soils by Pseudomonas mendocina NSYSU: microcosm, pilot-scale, and gene studies. J Hazard Mater 2014; 278:433-443. [PMID: 24997259 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, microcosm and pilot-scale experiments were performed to investigate the capability and effectiveness of Pseudomonas mendocina NSYSU (P. mendocina NSYSU) on the bioremediation of octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (OCDD)-contaminated soils. The objectives were to evaluate the (1) characteristics of P. mendocina NSYSU, (2) feasibility of enhancing OCDD biodegradation with the addition of P. mendocina NSYSU and lecithin, and (3) variation in microbial diversity and genes responsible for the dechlorination of OCDD. P. mendocina NSYSU was inhibited when salinity was higher than 7%, and it could biodegrade OCDD under reductive dechlorinating conditions. Lecithin could serve as the solubilization agent causing the enhanced solubilization and dechlorination of OCDD. Up to 71 and 62% of OCDD could be degraded after 65 days of incubation under anaerobic conditions with and without the addition of lecithin, respectively. Decreased OCDD concentrations caused significant increase in microbial diversity. Results from the pilot-scale study show that up to 75% of OCDD could be degraded after a 2.5-month operational period with lecithin addition. Results from the gene analyses show that two genes encoding the extradiol/intradiol ring-cleavage dioxygenase and five genes encoding the hydrolase in P. mendocina NSYSU were identified and played important roles in OCDD degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y T Tu
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - J K Liu
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - W C Lin
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - J L Lin
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - C M Kao
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan.
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Chen YH, Chen CW, Huang ZY, Lin WC, Lin LY, Lin F, Wong KT, Lin HW. Microcavity-embedded, colour-tuneable, transparent organic solar cells. Adv Mater 2014; 26:1129-34. [PMID: 24347466 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201304658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In this work microcavity-capped colour-tuneable SMOSCs are evaluated. By adopting a microcavity-structured cathode with optical spacer layers of different thicknesses fabricated in a Ag/NPB/Ag structure, the transmission spectra of complete devices can be tuned over the entire visible-light region (400-750 nm). The fabricated semitransparent colour-tuneable solar cells show an average efficiency of 4.78% under 1-sun illumination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hong Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
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Caminale M, Moroni R, Torelli P, Lin WC, Canepa M, Mattera L, Bisio F. Reentrant surface anisotropy in the antiferromagnetic/ferromagnetic bilayer Mn/Co/Cu(001). Phys Rev Lett 2014; 112:037201. [PMID: 24484162 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.037201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the magnetic anisotropy energy of monatomic surface-step atoms in antiferromagnetic/ferromagnetic (AF/FM) epitaxial Mn/Co bilayers grown on vicinal Cu(001) surfaces. The step-induced anisotropy of the Co/Cu(001) films was quenched upon submonolayer Mn deposition, but a reentrant uniaxial surface anisotropy was observed for Mn thickness (tMn) between 1 and 2 monolayers, which disappears for Mn thickness above 2 monolayers. In the Mn/Co/Cu(001) system, Mn films undergo a tMn-dependent transition from FM to AF in the 1-2 Mn monolayer thickness range, which entails the coexistence of FM and AF Mn phases in the film. The observation of a sizeable uniaxial anisotropy exclusively in the Mn-thickness range of coexistence of the FM and AF phases points out the crucial role of the boundaries between FM and AF regions within the Mn film. A symmetry-breaking mechanism of a magnetic type, rather than a purely geometric one, is therefore proposed as the origin of the reentrant anisotropy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Caminale
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova and CNISM, Sede Consorziata di Genova, via Dodecaneso 33, I-16146 Genova, Italy
| | - R Moroni
- CNR-SPIN, Corso Perrone 24, I-16152 Genova, Italy
| | - P Torelli
- Laboratorio TASC, IOM-CNR, S.S. 14 km 163.5, Basovizza, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - W C Lin
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan Normal University, 116 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - M Canepa
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova and CNISM, Sede Consorziata di Genova, via Dodecaneso 33, I-16146 Genova, Italy
| | - L Mattera
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova and CNISM, Sede Consorziata di Genova, via Dodecaneso 33, I-16146 Genova, Italy
| | - F Bisio
- CNR-SPIN, Corso Perrone 24, I-16152 Genova, Italy
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