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Zhu YL, Li Y, Mu JL, Liu WC, Li X, Lu HZ. [Correlation of MYB/NFIB gene fusion with the grade and prognosis of head and neck adenoid cystic carcinoma and the concordance of two detection methods]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2024; 53:149-154. [PMID: 38281782 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20230914-00172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the correlation between MYB/NFIB gene fusion and clinicopathological features such as tumor grade and prognosis of head and neck adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), and to assess the concordant rate of fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with MYB and NFIB immunohistochemistry. Methods: FISH detection of MYB/NFIB gene fusion was performed on 48 head and neck ACC cases and 15 non-ACC salivary gland tumors at National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China during April 2014 and January 2020. ACC cases were divided into grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ, grade Ⅲ and high-grade transformation, according to pathological grading criteria. Prognosis, FISH results and other clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed. MYB and NFIB immunohistochemistry was performed on the 48 ACC and 15 non-ACC cases. The diagnostic accuracy of FISH and immunohistochemistry was compared. Results: FISH detected MYB/NFIB gene fusion in 41.7% (20/48) of the ACC. Its positive rate was inversely correlated with higher pathological grades (P=0.036). The higher histological grade was linked to worse progression-free survival (P=0.024), whereas there was no correlation between the status of gene fusion detected by FISH and progression-free survival (P=0.536). FISH didnot detect MYB/NFIB gene fusion in 15 non-ACC salivary gland tumors The specificity of diagnosing ACC is 100% for both FISH detection of gene fusion and immunohistochemical detection of MYB expression. However, the sensitivity for both methods was only about 41.7%, respectively. By combining FISH and MYB immunohistochemistry, the sensitivity for diagnosing ACC was increased to 66.7%. Conclusions: MYB/NFIB gene fusion has a lower detection rate in grade Ⅲ ACC and high-grade transformation ACC. Meanwhile gene fusion status is not correlated with prognosis. The sensitivity for diagnosing ACC can be improved by combining FISH and MYB immunohistochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y L Zhu
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021,China
| | - Y Li
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021,China
| | - J L Mu
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021,China
| | - W C Liu
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021,China
| | - X Li
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021,China
| | - H Z Lu
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021,China
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Yu YQ, Liu WC. [Current situation and problems of the clinical application of completely digital workflow in fixed prosthodontics]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 58:398-403. [PMID: 37082841 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20230213-00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Compared with traditional prosthodontic methods, digital prosthodontic technology greatly simplifies the treatment process of patients and improves the accuracy of prosthesis. The fully digital workflow is becoming an important direction of the development of fixed prosthodontics. It can not only effectively improve the efficiency, accuracy and predictability of prosthodontics, but also help the cooperation between multiple disciplines to ensure the systematic treatment. This article systematically discusses the concept process, key technology, material progress and application of completely digital prosthodontic process, as well as the remaining problems, in order to provide reference for its clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Q Yu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - W C Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai 200072, China
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Zheng B, Zou SM, Yang L, Xue XM, Guo CY, Wang L, Liu WC, Zhou ZZ, Liu X, Xue LY. [Value of direct immunohistochemical staining in assisting intraoperative frozen diagnosis of bronchiolar adenoma]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2023; 52:142-146. [PMID: 36748134 DOI: 10.3760/cma/j.cn112151-20220829-00739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the feasibility and application value of intraoperative direct immunohistochemical (IHC) staining in improving the diagnosis accuracy in difficult cases of bronchiolar adenoma (BA). Methods: Nineteen cases with single or multiple pulmonary ground-glass nodules or solid nodules indicated by imaging in Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from January to July 2021 and with difficulty in differential diagnosis at frozen HE sections were selected. In the experimental group, direct IHC staining of cytokeratin 5/6 (CK5/6) and p63 was performed on frozen sections to assist the differentiation of BA from in situ/micro-invasive adenocarcinoma/adenocarcinoma/invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma. In the control group, two pathologists performed routine frozen HE section diagnosis on these 19 cases. The diagnostic results of paraffin sections were used as the gold standard. The sensitivity and specificity of BA diagnosis, consistency with paraffin diagnosis and time used for frozen diagnosis were compared between the experimental group and the control group. Results: The basal cells of BA were highlighted by CK5/6 and p63 staining. There were no basal cells in the in situ/microinvasive adenocarcinoma/adenocarcinoma/invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma. In the experimental group, the sensitivity and specificity with aid of direct IHC staining for BA were 100% and 86.7%, respectively, and the Kappa value of frozen and paraffin diagnosis was 0.732, and these were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The average time consumption in the experimental group (32.4 min) was only 7 min longer than that in the control group (25.4 min). Conclusions: Direct IHC staining can improve the accuracy of BA diagnosis intraoperatively and reduce the risk of misdiagnosis, but require significantly longer time. Thus frozen direct IHC staining should be restricted to cases with difficulty in differentiating benign from malignant diseases, especially when the surgical modalities differ based on the frozen diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Zheng
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - S M Zou
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - L Yang
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - X M Xue
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - C Y Guo
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - L Wang
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - W C Liu
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Z Z Zhou
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - X Liu
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - L Y Xue
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
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Jing W, Ren YW, Gao SZ, Liu WC, Shi XH, Guo SW, Jin G. [Diagnosis and treatment of blunt high-grade pancreatic trauma]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 103:287-290. [PMID: 36660790 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20220623-01383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The clinical data of 20 patients with blunt high-grade pancreatic trauma who were admitted to the Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery of Changhai Hospital Affiliated to Naval Military Medical University from December 2003 to February 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 15 males and 5 females with a median age of 39 years (range: 14-54 years). The degree of pancreatic injury was graded according to the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) scale, including 10 cases of grade Ⅲ (50%), 8 cases of grade Ⅳ (40%), and 2 cases of grade Ⅴ (10%). Then, the strategy of diagnosis and treatment for blunt high-grade pancreatic trauma was summarized. The diagnostic rate of CT was 78.9%. Finally, 17 cases (85%) were cured and 3 cases (15%) died. Among the 10 patients with grade Ⅲ pancreatic injury, 7 cases received distal pancreatectomy and splenectomy, 1 case received distal pancreatectomy with spleen preserved, 1 case received pancreatic duct stent placement under endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and percutaneous catheter drainage (PCD), and 1 case received only PCD. Among 8 cases of grade Ⅳ, 3 cases underwent Roux-en-Y pancreaticojejunostomy, 1 case received distal pancreatectomy and splenectomy, 1 case underwent distal pancreatectomy with spleen preserved, 2 cases received necrotic tissue removal+external drainage of pancreatic duct+abdominal drainage, and 1 case received exploratory laparotomy and gauze packing hemostasis. For 2 cases of grade Ⅴ, 1 underwent pylorus preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy, and the other case underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy combined with right hemicolectomy and splenectomy. Therefore, the treatment of blunt high-grade pancreatic trauma should follow the individualized treatment strategy, pay attention to the control of bleeding, extensive external drainage, appropriate debridement and resection and rational application of damage control surgery, select appropriate patients for conservative treatment, and ultimately benefit the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Jing
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Y W Ren
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - S Z Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - W C Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - X H Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - S W Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - G Jin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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Cittrarasu V, Kaliannan D, Dharman K, Maluventhen V, Easwaran M, Liu WC, Balasubramanian B, Arumugam M. Green synthesis of selenium nanoparticles mediated from Ceropegia bulbosa Roxb extract and its cytotoxicity, antimicrobial, mosquitocidal and photocatalytic activities. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1032. [PMID: 33441811 PMCID: PMC7806947 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80327-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study is to design an eco-friendly mode to rapidly synthesize selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) through Ceropegia bulbosa tuber's aqueous extracts and confirming SeNPs synthesis by UV-Vis spectroscopy, FT-IR, XRD, FE-SEM-EDS mapping, HR-TEM, DLS and zeta potential analysis. In addition, to assess the anti-cancer efficacy of the SeNPs against the cultured MDA-MB-231, as studies have shown SeNPs biosynthesis downregulates the cancer cells when compared to normal HBL100 cell lines. The study observed the IC50 value of SeNPs against MDA-MB-231 cells was 34 µg/mL for 48 h. Furthermore, the SeNPs promotes growth inhibitory effects of certain clinical pathogens such as Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli. Apart, from this the SeNPs has shown larvicidal activity after 24 h exposure in Aedes albopitus mosquito's larvae with a maximum of 250 g/mL mortality concentration. This is confirmed by the histopathology results taken at the 4th larval stage. The histopathological studies revealed intense deterioration in the hindgut, epithelial cells, mid gut and cortex region of the larvae. Finally, tried to investigate the photocatalytic activity of SeNPs against the toxic dye, methylene blue using halogen lamp and obtained 96% degradation results. Withal computational study SeNPs was shown to exhibit consistent stability towards breast cancer protein BRCA2. Overall, our findings suggest SeNPs as a potent disruptive agent for MDA-MB-231 cells, few pathogens, mosquito larvae and boosts the photocatalytic dye degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vetrivel Cittrarasu
- Ethnopharmacology and Algal Biotechnology Division, Department of Botany, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu, 636011, India
| | - Durairaj Kaliannan
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu, 636011, India.,Zoonosis Research Center, Department of Infection Biology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, 54538, South Korea
| | - Kalaimurugan Dharman
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu, 636011, India
| | - Viji Maluventhen
- Department of Botany, Thiagarajar College, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625 099, India
| | - Murugesh Easwaran
- Nutritional Improvement of Crops, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Wen Chao Liu
- Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, P. R. China.
| | | | - Maruthupandian Arumugam
- Ethnopharmacology and Algal Biotechnology Division, Department of Botany, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu, 636011, India.
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Cittrarasu V, Balasubramanian B, Kaliannan D, Park S, Maluventhan V, Kaul T, Liu WC, Arumugam M. Biological mediated Ag nanoparticles from Barleria longiflora for antimicrobial activity and photocatalytic degradation using methylene blue. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol 2019; 47:2424-2430. [PMID: 31187650 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1626407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The present study focuses on extraction of green synthesized silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) from Barleria longiflora L. leaves for antibacterial and photocatalytic activities. The extracted Ag-NPs have been characterized by XRD, FTIR, FE-SEM with EDX, HR-TEM accompanied SAED pattern and UV-Visible absorption spectroscopic techniques. Spectral studies confirmed the UV-Visible absorption spectrum of the Ag-NPs at a wavelength of 443 nm and a good crystalline nature with a face-centered cubic crystal structure using XRD spectrum. Surface topography and the presence of Ag in the prepared sample have been confirmed from SEM and EDX measurements. Various functional groups present in the sample have been examined using FT-IR spectroscopic analysis. A homogeneous dispersion of spherical form nanoparticles with a usual size of 2.4 nm was confirmed by visualization using FE-SEM and HR-TEM. Moreover, Ag-NPs stimulate a strong inhibition of Enterococcus sp., Streptococcus sp, Bacillus megaterium, Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylocouus aureus; with a good catalytic reduction activity for degrading organic methylene blue (MB) dye. Therefore, silver nanoparticles obtained from Barleria longiflora L. have potential application in medicine and photocatalytic dye degradation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vetrivel Cittrarasu
- a Ethnopharmacology and algal biotechnology division, Department of Botany, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University , Salem , India
| | | | - Durairaj Kaliannan
- c Department of Environmental science, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University , Salem , India
| | - Sungkwon Park
- b Department of Food science and Biotechnology, College of life sciences, Sejong University , Seoul , South Korea
| | | | - Tanushri Kaul
- e Nutritional Improvement of Crops, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology , New Delhi , India
| | - Wen Chao Liu
- f Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Guangdong Ocean University , Zhanjiang , P. R. China
| | - Maruthupandian Arumugam
- a Ethnopharmacology and algal biotechnology division, Department of Botany, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University , Salem , India
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Abstract
Printing techniques are becoming increasingly prevalent in modern manufacturing. However, its biggest drawback is the limit in printing resolution. In this paper, we present solvodynamic printing as a novel printing system which aims to improve print resolution by incorporating an additional immiscible carrier solvent into the ink delivery system. The resolution is improved due to the solvent-solvent interactions between the ink and the carrier solvent which alter the contact angle of the ink on the substrate and limit the printed feature size. We demonstrate the proof of concept of solvodynamic printing by printing silver nanoparticle inks on a polyethylene naphthalate substrate. Silver nanoparticle tracks with widths of 35.2 ± 7.0 μm were achieved using a 300 μm nozzle. This is equivalent to 11.7 ± 2.3% of the nozzle diameter. The result shows great potential in solvodynamic printing as not many modern printing techniques can achieve such nozzle to feature size ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C Liu
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, 16 Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - A A R Watt
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, 16 Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH, United Kingdom.
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Chen SQ, Liu WC, Zhang ZZ, Lin LY, Chen SM, Huang GL, Lin CZ, Wang L. [Application of closed negative pressure irrigation and suction device in the treatment of high perianal abscess]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2019; 22:364-369. [PMID: 31054551 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1671-0274.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the efficacy of closed negative pressure irrigation and suction device (Patent number: Z200780013509.8) in the treatment of high perianal abscess. Methods: From January 2015 to December 2016, ≥18-year-old patients with primary high perianal abscess who were treated at our department were prospectively enrolled. Exclusion criteria: (1) recurrent perianal abscess; (2) complicated with anal fistula formation; (3) preoperative, intraoperative or postoperative physical therapy, and curettage treatment, negative pressure irrigation; (4) Crohn's disease-related perianal abscess; (5) with immunosuppressive status, such as transplant recipients; (6) co-existence of malignant tumors, such as leukemia; (7) with diabetes; (8) those who could not receive long-term follow-up and were not suitable to participate in this study. According to the random number table method, the patients were randomly divided into negative pressure irrigation and suction group and routine drainage group. All patients were clearly diagnosed and the location and size of the perianal abscess were marked before surgery. These two groups were treated as follows: (1) Negative pressure irrigation and suction group: the skin was incised at a diameter of 1-2 cm at the site where the abscess fluctuated most obviously. After the abscess was removed, a closed negative pressure irrigation and suction device was installed and the pressure of -200 to -100 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) was maintained to keep the abscess cavity collapsed. Generally, the irrigation was stopped 5 days later or when the drainage was clear. The closed vacuum suction was maintained for 2 additional days, before the wound was sutured. (2) Conventional drainage group: conventional incision and drainage was carried out. The skin was cut at a diameter of 8 to 10 cm at the site of abscess with most obvious fluctuation. After the abscess was removed, normal saline gauze was used for dressing. Dressing was changed regularly until the wound healed. The efficacy, operative time, intraoperative bleeding, incision length, frequency of dressing change, pain index (visual analogue score, VAS score), postoperative healing time, complications, recurrence rate of perianal abscess, anal fistula formation rate were observed. The t test and χ2 test were used for comparison between the 2 groups. Results: There were both 40 patients in the negative pressure irrigation and suction group and the conventional drainage group. There were 28 males and 12 females in negative pressure irrigation and suction group with a mean age of (38.3±12.0) years and mean disease course of (6.6±2.1) days. The abscess in pelvic-rectal space accounted for 50.0% (20/40) and the mean diameter of abscess was (8.0±3.7) cm. There were 26 males and 14 females in the conventional drainage group with a mean age of (37.1±11.8) years and mean disease course of (6.4±2.5) days. The abscess in pelvic-rectal space accounted for 55.0% (22/40) and the diameter of abscess was (8.2±3.5) cm. The differences in baseline data between two groups were not statistically significant (all P>0.05). Both groups successfully completed the operation. There was no significant difference in operative time between two groups (P>0.05). As compared to conventional drainage group, intraoperative blood loss in negative pressure irrigation and suction group was less [(12.1±5.5) ml vs. (18.3±4.4) ml, t=5.606, P<0.001], incision length was shorter [(2.3±0.8) cm vs. (7.6±1.7) cm, t=17.741, P<0.001], postoperative VAS pain scores at 1-, 3-, 7-, and 14-day after operation were lower [3.7±1.4 vs. 7.6±1.8, t=10.816, P<0.001; 3.0±1.3 vs. 6.8±1.6, t=11.657, P<0.001; 2.7±0.9 vs. 5.1±1.1, t=10.679, P<0.001; 1.2±0.3 vs. 1.6±0.4, t=5.060, P=0.019], the dressing change within 7 days after operation was less (3.5±1.2 vs. 12.6±2.7, t=19.478, P<0.001), postoperative healing time was shorter [(10.4±3.0) d vs. (13.5±3.8) d, t=4.049, P<0.001] and postoperative complication rate was lower [17.5% (7/40) vs. 2.5% (1/40), χ2=5.000, P=0.025]. During follow-up of 12 to 36 (24±5) months, the recurrence rate of perianal abscess within 1 year after operation and anal fistula formation rate in negative pressure irrigation and suction group were lower than those in conventional drainage group [5.0% (2/40) vs. 20.0% (8/40), χ2=4.114, P=0.042 and 2.5% (1/40) vs. 17.5% (7/40), χ2=5.000, P=0.025, respectirely]. The one-time cure rate of negative pressure irrigation and suction group and conventional drainage group was 92.5% (37/40) and 62.5%(25/40), respectirely (χ2=10.323, P=0.001). Conclusions: The application of the negative pressure irrigation and suction device in the treatment of high perianal abscess can improve the efficiency of one-time cure, reduce postoperative pain, accelerate healing time, decrease the morbidity of postoperative complication and the rates of abscess recurrence and anal fistula formation, indicating an improvement of the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Q Chen
- Department of General Surgery, the 900th Hospital of The Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese PLA, (Fuzhou General Hospital of Fujian Medical University, East Hospital Affiliated To Xiamen University), Fuzhou 350025, China
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Liu WC, Yun KS, Kim IH. Growth Performance, Blood Lipid Profile, Relative Organ Weight and Meat Quality of Broilers Fed Corn-Soybean Meal Based Diets Containing Graded Levels of 1,3-Diacylglycerol. PAK J ZOOL 2019. [DOI: 10.17582/journal.pjz/2019.51.3.817.823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Yuan J, Zheng T, Yang TY, Li T, Liu WC, Wen L, Shao Y. [Suture under tension across cartilage in the application of the crooked nose surgery]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 31:1566-1569. [PMID: 29797951 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2017.20.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:Observing the effect of maintain tension across suture between cartilages to fix new nasal structure on balance the asymmetric strength of the two sides of the cartilage and the recurrence of the postoperative crooked nose.Method:A L-shaped struct made of the nasal septum cartilage were fixed to maintain tension across structure between cartilage during rhinoplasty in 39 patients with crooked nasal deformity. Of 21 cases were type I deviation, of 12 cases were C-shaped deviation,and of 6 cases were S-shaped deviation.Result:A 1-5 years follow-up were performed. The effects were divided into three degrees: 30 cases excellent (76.92%), 6 cases good (15.38%) and 3 cases acceptable (7.69%).The rate of excellent and good was 92.31%(36/39). The type I improvement rate was 80.3%,the rate of type C was 83.6% and the improvement rate of type S was 84.1%,the overall improvement rate was about 81.9%.Conclusion:Suture under tension across cartilage can fix reconstruction of nasal structure effectively,improve the postoperative effect, reduce recurrence of crooked nose. The operation is simple and is an essential part of the nasal deformity correction technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Yuan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - T Zheng
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - T Y Yang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - T Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - W C Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - L Wen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Y Shao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
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Wu JJ, Zheng J, Liu HP, Qiu MS, Liu WC, Lin Q. [The application of dermal fat flap in the reconstruction of deformity after resecting the nasal tip schwannoma: a case report]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 53:296-298. [PMID: 29747256 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-0860.2018.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J J Wu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - J Zheng
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - H P Liu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - M S Qiu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - W C Liu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Q Lin
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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Liu WC, Kim IH. Effects of different dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios on growth performance, blood lipid profiles, fatty acid composition of pork, carcass traits and meat quality in finishing pigs. Annals of Animal Science 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/aoas-2017-0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A total of 72 crossbred pigs [(Landrace × Yorkshire) × Duroc] with an average initial BW of 51.59±1.59 kg were used in this 10-wk feeding trial to investigate the effects of different dietary n-6:n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) ratios in finishing pigs. Pigs were randomly allotted to 3 dietary treatments (each n=24) with 6 replications and 4 pigs per pen (2 barrows and 2 gilts). Pigs were fed a corn-soybean meal-based diets formulated by replacing soybean oil with linseed oil to achieve n-6:n-3 close to 5:1, 10:1 and 15:1, respectively. The growth performance, carcass traits and meat quality parameters (meat color, sensory evaluation, cooking loss, drip loss, pH, longissimus muscle area and water holding capacity) were not influenced (P>0.10) by various dietary n-6:n-3 ratios. Pigs fed dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios of 5:1 had a lower (P<0.05) serum total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels. The concentrations of n-3 PUFA , including C18:3n-3, C22:5n-3 and C22:6n-3 were improved (P<0.05) in the longissimus dorsi muscles of pigs fed dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios of 5:1. Furthermore, pigs fed dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio of 5:1 decreased (P<0.05) the n-6 concentrations (C18:2n-6 and C20:4n-6) of longissimus dorsi muscles. In conclusion, lowering the dietary n-6:n-3 ratios to 5:1 could be beneficial for the blood lipid profiles, and improve the nutritional value of pork, without adverse effect on growth performance and meat quality parameters that are related to the consumer acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Chao Liu
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
| | - In Ho Kim
- Department of Animal Resource & Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam 330-714, South Korea Republic of
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Tang RY, Wu ZL, Wang GZ, Liu WC. The effect of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on productive performance of laying hens. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2017.1394169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ren Yong Tang
- School of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhou Lin Wu
- Department of Environment and Life Science, Sichuan Minzu College, Kangding, Sichuan, China
| | - Guo Ze Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wen Chao Liu
- Department of Animal Resource & Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam, South Korea
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14
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Li TS, Liu WC, Zhao PY, Kim IH. Evaluation of essential oil or/and emulsifier in low energy density diets on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood cholesterol and meat quality in finishing pigs. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2017.1325718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tian Shui Li
- Department of Animal Resource & Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Choongnam, South Korea
| | - Wen Chao Liu
- Department of Animal Resource & Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Choongnam, South Korea
| | - Pin Yao Zhao
- Department of Animal Resource & Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Choongnam, South Korea
| | - In Ho Kim
- Department of Animal Resource & Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Choongnam, South Korea
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15
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Liu WC, Liu T, Liu ZH, Deng M. [Detection the mutated protein aggregation and mitochondrial function in fibroblasts from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients with SOD1 gene mutations]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2017; 96:1982-6. [PMID: 27470954 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2016.25.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore mutant superoxide dismutase (SOD)1 protein expression and mitochondrial function in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients' fibroblasts carrying different SOD1 mutations. METHODS SOD1 gene mutation was detected using PCR and direct sequencing. Skin fibroblasts of three familial ALS patients with mutations and age/gender matched controls obtained by a punch skin biopsy were cultured. We performed immunofluorescence staining and quantitative detection of SOD1 proteins and mitochondrial membrane potential. Also, we detected the intracellular ROS by flow cytometry. RESULTS We found that fibroblasts from familial ALS patients carried SOD1-V14M, SOD1-G16A, SOD1-C111Y mutation, respectively. The cytoplasm abnormal SOD1 protein aggregates appeared in ALS patients carrying SOD1 mutations. And the cytoplasmic/nuclear ratio of SOD1 aggregates increased 2.54, 2.80, 3.25-fold for each mutations, respectively, compared to the control group. Three SOD1 mutant groups showed loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and the ratio of red / green fluorescence intensity decreased by 36%, 124%, 142%, respectively, compared to the control group. The intracellular ROS levels also increased 3.33, 3.65, and 6.87-fold respectively. CONCLUSIONS This work highlights that ALS alters SOD1 protein expression, mitochondrial function, and increases the ROS level even in peripheral tissues outside the central nervous system. Fibroblasts might therefore represent a powerful and minimally invasive tool to investigate ALS pathogenic mechanisms, which might translate into considerable advances in clinical management of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C Liu
- Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
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Abstract
The purpose of the current study is to test the self-determination theory (SDT) continuum hypothesis of motivation using latent profile analysis (LPA). A total of 3,220 school students took part in the study. We compared LPA solutions estimated using the four motivation types versus the two higher-order dimensions to assess their degree of correspondence to the SDT continuum hypothesis. To examine the concurrent validity of the profiles, we also verified their associations with three predictors (age, gender, perception of physical education teachers' autonomy-supportive behaviors) and two outcomes variables (perceived competence and intentions to be physically active). The results showed that profiling using the four motivation types provides more differentiated and meaningful description of responses to the Perceived Locus of Causality Scale, compared with profiling using two higher-order factors. In general, the results of the current study were consistent with the SDT continuum hypothesis of human motivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C K Wang
- 1 Nanyang Technological University
- 3 Tianjin University of Sport
| | | | - Richard M Ryan
- 2 Australian Catholic University
- 4 University of Rochester
| | - W C Liu
- 1 Nanyang Technological University
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17
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Liu WC, Pi SH, Kim IH. Effects of Scutellaria baicalensis and Lonicera japonica extract mixture supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profiles and meat quality in finishing pigs. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2016.1202736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Chao Liu
- Department of Animal Resource & Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Seung Ho Pi
- Department of Animal Resource & Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - In Ho Kim
- Department of Animal Resource & Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
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18
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Sun Y, Wang JW, Liu YY, Yu QT, Zhang YP, Li K, Xu LY, Luo SX, Qin FZ, Chen ZT, Liu WC, Zhou QH, Chen Q, Nan KJ, Liu XQ, Liu W, Liang HJ, Lu HS, Wang XW, Wang JJ, Song SP, Tu YR, Zhou JM, Li WL, Yao C. Long-term results of a randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled phase III trial: Endostar (rh-endostatin) versus placebo in combination with vinorelbine and cisplatin in advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Thorac Cancer 2013; 4:440-448. [PMID: 28920215 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.12050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Sun
- Cancer Hospital; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Jin Wan Wang
- Cancer Hospital; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Yong Yu Liu
- Liaoning Provincial Cancer Hospital; Shenyang China
| | - Qi Tao Yu
- Cancer Hospital; Guangxi Medical University; Nanning Guangxi China
| | | | - Kai Li
- Tianjin Cancer Hospital; Tianjin China
| | - Li Yan Xu
- Thoracic Tumor Hospital; Beijing China
| | - Su Xia Luo
- Henan Provincial Cancer Hospital; Zhengzhou China
| | | | - Zheng Tang Chen
- Xianqiao Hospital; 3rd PLA Medical University; Chongqing China
| | - Wen Chao Liu
- Xijing Hospital; 4th PLA Medical University; Xi'an China
| | | | - Qiang Chen
- Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital; Fuzhou China
| | - Ke Jun Nan
- First Hospital of Xian Communication University; Xian China
| | - Xiao Qing Liu
- 307 Hospital; Chinese Academy of Military Medical Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Wei Liu
- Hebei Provincial Cancer Hospital; Shijiazhuang China
| | - Hou Jie Liang
- Xinan Hospital; 3rd PLA Medical University; Chongqing China
| | - Hui Shan Lu
- Fujian Medical University Union Hospital; Fuzhou China
| | | | - Jie Jun Wang
- Changzheng Hospital; 2nd PLA Medical University; Shanghai China
| | | | - Yuan Rong Tu
- Fujian Medical University 1st Hospital; Fuzhou China
| | | | | | - Chen Yao
- Peking University First Hospital; Beijing China
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Burghaus L, Liu WC, Eggers C, Dohmen C, Haupt WF, Fink GR. Prognostic value of electroencephalography and evoked potentials in the early course of malignant middle cerebral artery infarction. KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1301575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Liu WC, Wong CT, Fong MK, Cheung WS, Kao RYT, Luk KDK, Lu WW. Gentamicin-loaded strontium-containing hydroxyapatite bioactive bone cement--an efficient bioactive antibiotic drug delivery system. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2011; 95:397-406. [PMID: 20878924 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.31730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Modified strontium-containing hydroxyapatite (Sr-HA) bone cement was loaded with gentamicin sulfate to generate an efficient bioactive antibiotic drug delivery system for treatment of bone defects. Gentamicin release and its antibacterial property were determined by fluorometric method and inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) growth. Gentamicin was released from Sr-HA bone cement during the entire period of study and reached around 38% (w/w) cumulatively after 30 days. Antibacterial activity of the gentamicin loaded in the cements is clearly confirmed by the growth inhibition of S. aureus. The results of the amount and duration of gentamicin release suggest a better drug delivery efficiency in Sr-HA bone cement over polymethylmethacrylate bone cement. Bioactivity of the gentamicin-loaded Sr-HA bone cement was confirmed with the formation of apatite layer with 1.836 ± 0.037 μm thick on day 1 and 5.177 ± 1.355 μm thick on day 7 after immersion in simulated body fluid. Compressive strengths of the gentamicin-loaded Sr-HA cement reached 132.60 ± 10.08 MPa, with a slight decrease from the unloaded groups by 4-9%. Bending moduli of Sr-HA cements with and without gentamicin were 1.782 ± 0.072 GPa and 1.681 ± 0.208 GPa, respectively. On the contrary, unloaded Sr-HA cement obtained slightly larger bending strength of 35.48 ± 2.63 MPa comparing with 33.00 ± 1.65 MPa for loaded cement. No statistical difference was found on the bending strengths and modulus of gentamicin-loaded and -unloaded Sr-HA cements. Sr-HA bone cement loaded with gentamicin was proven to be an efficient drug delivery system with uncompromised mechanical properties and bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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21
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Liu WC, Wang CKJ, Parkins EJ. A longitudinal study of students' academic self-concept in a streamed setting: The Singapore context. British Journal of Educational Psychology 2010; 75:567-86. [PMID: 16318679 DOI: 10.1348/000709905x42239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although several studies support the existence of a negative stream effect on lower-ability stream students' academic self-concept, there is not enough longitudinal research evidence to preclude the possibility that the stream effect may only be temporary. In addition, not much is known about the effect of streaming on changes in students' academic self-concept over time. AIMS The main aims of the study were to examine the effect of streaming on (a) the students' academic self-concept immediately after the streaming process, and at yearly intervals for 3 consecutive years, and (b) the changes in students' academic self-concept over a 3 year period. SAMPLE The sample comprised 495 Secondary 1 students (approximate age 13) from three government coeducational schools in Singapore. METHOD A longitudinal survey using a self-reported questionnaire. RESULTS Results showed that the lower-ability stream students had a more negative academic self-concept than the higher-ability stream students immediately after streaming, but they had a more positive academic self-concept 3 years after being streamed. In addition, it was established that the students' academic self-concept declined from Secondary 1 to Secondary 3. Nonetheless, the decline was more pronounced for the higher-ability stream students than the lower-ability stream students. CONCLUSIONS Streaming may have a short-term negative impact on lower-ability stream students' academic self-concept. However, in the long run, being in the lower-ability stream may not be detrimental to their academic self-concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C Liu
- National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
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22
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Hillary FG, Chiaravalloti ND, Ricker JH, Steffener J, Bly BM, Lange G, Liu WC, Kalnin AJ, DeLuca J. An Investigation of Working Memory Rehearsal in Multiple Sclerosis Using fMRI. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2010; 25:965-78. [PMID: 13680443 DOI: 10.1076/jcen.25.7.965.16490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The present study examined patterns of cerebral activation during a working memory (WM) rehearsal task in individuals diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) and in healthy adults. BOLD functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was performed using a 1.5 T GE scanner to assess activation during a WM task adapted from the Sternberg paradigm (Sternberg, 1969). Participants included 8 individuals diagnosed with MS, and 5 healthy controls (HCs) matched for age and education. Task difficulty was manipulated by increasing the length of time that strings of letters were to be rehearsed. Findings revealed increased right prefrontal cortex activation and increased right temporal lobe activation in individuals diagnosed with MS compared to HCs. The potential explanations for increased right hemisphere activation in persons with MS are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- F G Hillary
- Kessler Medical Rehabilitation Research and Education Corporation, West Orange, NJ 07052, USA
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Wang JC, Liu WC, Chatzisarantis NL, Lim CB. Influence of perceived motivational climate on achievement goals in physical education: a structural equation mixture modeling analysis. J Sport Exerc Psychol 2010; 32:324-338. [PMID: 20587821 DOI: 10.1123/jsep.32.3.324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to examine the influence of perceived motivational climate on achievement goals in physical education using a structural equation mixture modeling (SEMM) analysis. Within one analysis, we identified groups of students with homogenous profiles in perceptions of motivational climate and examined the relationships between motivational climate, 2 x 2 achievement goals, and affect, concurrently. The findings of the current study showed that there were at least two distinct groups of students with differing perceptions of motivational climate: one group of students had much higher perceptions in both climates compared with the other group. Regardless of their grouping, the relationships between motivational climate, achievement goals, and enjoyment seemed to be invariant. Mastery climate predicted the adoption of mastery-approach and mastery-avoidance goals; performance climate was related to performance-approach and performance-avoidance goals. Mastery-approach goal had a strong positive effect while performance-avoidance had a small negative effect on enjoyment. Overall, it was concluded that only perception of a mastery motivational climate in physical education may foster intrinsic interest in physical education through adoption of mastery-approach goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Wang
- Motivation in Educational Research Laboratory, National Institute of Education, Singapore
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Liu WC, Mak CL, Wong KH. Thermo-optic properties of epitaxial Sr0.6Ba0.4Nb2O6 waveguides and their application as optical modulator. Opt Express 2009; 17:13677-13684. [PMID: 19654776 DOI: 10.1364/oe.17.013677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A prism-coupler technique was introduced to determine the refractive indices and thermo-optic coefficients of epitaxial Sr(0.6)Ba(0.4)Nb(2)O(6) (SBN) waveguides, in a temperature range covering the ferroelectric-paraelectric phase transition. A strong enhancement in the TO coefficient is observed near T(c). This strong enhancement is related to the critical change of the polarization. The values of dn(e)/dT are significantly larger than dn(o)/dT due to the larger quadratic electro-optic coefficient in TM polarization. In TM mode, the refractive index of SBN is increased by 1.3% as the temperature is increased to 160 degrees C. Our results suggest that SBN waveguide is a potential candidate for thermo-optic modulators and switches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Chao Liu
- Department of Applied Physics and Materials Research Centre, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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25
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Hillary FG, Liu WC, Genova HM, Maniker AH, Kepler K, Greenwald BD, Cortese BM, Homnick A, Deluca J. Examining lactate in severe TBI using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Brain Inj 2008; 21:981-91. [PMID: 17729050 DOI: 10.1080/02699050701426964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PRIMARY OBJECTIVE Clinical management of acute traumatic brain injury (TBI) has emphasized identification of secondary mechanisms of pathophysiology. An important objective in this study is to use proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (pMRS) to examine early metabolic disturbance due to TBI. RESEARCH DESIGN The current design is a case study with repeated measures. METHOD AND PROCEDURE Proton magnetic resonance imaging was used to examine neurometabolism in this case of very severe brain trauma at 9 and 23 days post-injury. MRI was performed on a clinical 1.5 Tesla scanner. MAIN OUTCOMES AND RESULTS These data also reveal that pMRS methods can detect lactate elevations in an adult surviving severe head trauma and are sensitive to changes in basic neurometabolism during the first month of recovery. CONCLUSIONS The current case study demonstrates the sensitivity of pMRS in detecting metabolic alterations during the acute recovery period. The case study reveals that lactate elevations may be apparent for weeks after severe neurotrauma. Further work in this area should endeavour to determine the ideal time periods for pMRS examination in severe TBI as well as the ideal locations of data acquisition (e.g. adjacent or distal to lesion sites).
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Affiliation(s)
- F G Hillary
- Psychology Department, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
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26
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Liu WC, Chen HH, Hsieh WH, Chang CH. Linking watershed and eutrophication modelling for the Shihmen Reservoir, Taiwan. Water Sci Technol 2006; 54:39-46. [PMID: 17302303 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2006.834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The Shihmen Reservoir, located in northern Taiwan, features the second storage volume of impoundments on the island. The watershed of the Shihmen Reservoir has been subjected to serious pollutants due to anthropogenic interference. This study applies a watershed model, BASINS, to simulate the flow and nutrients loads from the watershed. BASINS then drives the CE-QUAL-W2 model for water quality predictions in the reservoir. The watershed modelling results are compared with field data. They reveal that significant nutrient loads were generated from the watershed during storms. The model calibration and verification were achieved with water surface elevation, temperature, and water quality constituents including nutrients, dissolved oxygen, and chlorophyll a in the reservoir using the eutrophication model.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C Liu
- Department of Civil and Disaster Prevention Engineering, National United University, Miao-Li 36003, Chinese Taiwan.
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Liu WC, Jenkins C, Shaw DJ, Matthews L, Pearce MC, Low JC, Gunn GJ, Smith HR, Frankel G, Woolhouse MEJ. Modelling the epidemiology of Verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli serogroups in young calves. Epidemiol Infect 2005; 133:449-58. [PMID: 15962551 PMCID: PMC2870268 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268804003644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate the epidemiology of 12 Verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) serogroups observed in a calf cohort on a Scottish beef farm. Fitting mathematical models to the observed time-course of infections reveals that there is significant calf-to-calf transmission of VTEC. Our models suggest that 40% of all detected infections are from calf-to-calf transmission and 60% from other sources. Variation in the rates at which infected animals recover from infection by different VTEC serogroups appears to be important. Two thirds of the observed VTEC serogroups are lost from infected calves within 1 day of infection, while the rest persist for more than 3 days. Our study has demonstrated that VTEC are transmissible between calves and are typically lost from infected animals in less than 1 week. We suggest that future field studies may wish to adopt a tighter sampling frame in order to detect all circulating VTEC serogroups in similar animal populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C Liu
- Centre for Tropical Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Roslin, Midlothian, Scotland, EH25 9RG, UK.
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Abstract
There are a number of different non-operative interventions which aim to control moderate adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) from progression. Clinicians may find difficulties in the selection of appropriate interventions for AIS. A comprehensive literature review was carried out to study all contemporary non-operative interventions, it was noted that rigid spinal orthoses apparently give more curve control; however, it would compromise the patient's quality of life via those inevitable factors--physical constraint, poor acceptance and psychological disturbance. There is a trend to develop more effective, acceptable and user-friendly interventions. Under such an aspiration, the theories and clinical evidence of different interventions should be developed along the clinical pathway of early intervention with reliable indicators/predictors, patient's active participation, dynamic control mechanism, holistic psychological and psychosocial considerations, and effective and long-lasting outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Wong
- Rehabilitation Engineering Centre, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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Bai YM, Lin CC, Chen JY, Liu WC. Therapeutic effect of pirenzepine for clozapine-induced hypersalivation: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2001; 21:608-11. [PMID: 11763010 DOI: 10.1097/00004714-200112000-00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of pirenzepine in the treatment of clozapine-induced hypersalivation. Pirenzepine is reported to counteract hypersalivation by its selective antagonistic activity on the M4-muscarinic receptor, which is stimulated by clozapine. Twenty patients with clozapine-induced hypersalivation underwent a random-order, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial which lasted 8 weeks each for the pirenzepine and placebo investigations, with a 4-week washout period in between. The severity of hypersalivation was assessed using an objective measure: saliva production monitored through the diameter of wetted surface on tissue paper placed over the patient's pillow. Our study showed that pirenzepine had no significant therapeutic effect on hypersalivation compared with placebo, suggesting that hypersalivation induced by clozapine might have a neurobiological basis other than the M4-muscarinic receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Bai
- Department of Psychiatry, Yu-Li Veterans Hospital, Hua-Lien, Taiwan
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Holodny AI, Schwartz TH, Ollenschleger M, Liu WC, Schulder M. Tumor involvement of the corticospinal tract: diffusion magnetic resonance tractography with intraoperative correlation. J Neurosurg 2001; 95:1082. [PMID: 11765829 DOI: 10.3171/jns.2001.95.6.1082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A I Holodny
- Department of Radiology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 10021, USA
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Ren J, Ge L, Li Y, Bai J, Liu WC, Si XM. Detection of circulating CEA molecules in human sera and leukopheresis of peripheral blood stem cells with E. coli expressed bispecific CEAScFv-streptavidin fusion protein-based immuno-PCR technique. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2001; 945:116-8. [PMID: 11708464 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb03871.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a method called bispecific CEAScFv-streptavidin fusion protein-based immuno-PCR technique will be tested experimentally. The application of the bispecific fusion protein-based immuno-PCR technique has the significant advantage that it can be readily applied in the clinical setting, as well as tested as a potential screening tool in high-risk populations of certain types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ren
- Center of Clinical Oncology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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Christodoulou C, DeLuca J, Ricker JH, Madigan NK, Bly BM, Lange G, Kalnin AJ, Liu WC, Steffener J, Diamond BJ, Ni AC. Functional magnetic resonance imaging of working memory impairment after traumatic brain injury. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2001; 71:161-8. [PMID: 11459886 PMCID: PMC1737512 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.71.2.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine patterns of brain activation while performing a working memory task in persons with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and healthy controls. It is well established that working memory is an area of cognition that is especially vulnerable to disruption after TBI. Although much has been learned about the system of cerebral representation of working memory in healthy people, little is known about how this system is disrupted by TBI. METHODS Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to assess brain activation during a working memory task (a modified version of the paced auditory serial addition test) in nine patients with TBI and seven healthy controls. RESULTS Patients with TBI were able to perform the task, but made significantly more errors than healthy controls. Cerebral activation in both groups was found in similar regions of the frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes, and resembled patterns of activation found in previous neuroimaging studies of working memory in healthy persons. However, compared with the healthy controls, the TBI group displayed a pattern of cerebral activation that was more regionally dispersed and more lateralised to the right hemisphere. Differences in lateralisation were particularly evident in the frontal lobes. CONCLUSIONS Impairment of working memory in TBI seems to be associated with alterations in functional cerebral activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Christodoulou
- Neuropsychology and Neuroscience Laboratory, Kessler Medical Rehabilitation Research and Education Corporation, 1199 Pleasant Valley Way, West Orange, NJ 07052, USA
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Chiu HJ, Wang YC, Liou JH, Chao CH, Lee H, Tsai KY, Liu WC. Serotonin 6 receptor polymorphism in schizophrenia: frequency, age at onset and cognitive function. Neuropsychobiology 2001; 43:113-6. [PMID: 11287786 DOI: 10.1159/000054876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The relative abundance of serotonin 6 receptor (5HT6) in some limbic regions and the high affinity of some antipsychotics for 5HT6 suggest that the 5HT6 gene might play a role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenic disorders. A recent study reported an association between a C267T polymorphism of the 5HT6 gene and schizophrenia. In order to test whether the 5HT6 gene plays a role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenic disorders, patients (n = 148) and control subjects (n = 160) were genotyped for 5HT6. We also investigated the relationship between genotypes and patients' age at onset and cognitive function in schizophrenic patients. Cognitive function in the patients was evaluated by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). The results demonstrated no significant differences in genotype or allele frequencies between controls and patients. In the patient group, age at onset and MMSE score did not differ significantly among the three 5HT6 genotpyes. The results of this study suggest that the 5HT6 C267T polymorphism plays no major role in susceptibility to the development of schizophrenia and is not related to cognitive impairment or age at onset in schizophrenic patients. Further studies of the relation between 5HT6 polymorphism and the symptoms and the therapeutic response in schizophrenic patients may help to elucidate the role of 5HT6 in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Chiu
- Section of Psychiatry, Yu-Li Veterans Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
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Liu WC, Hsu MH, Kuo AY. A modeling study of water quality in main channel and estuarine wetland. J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng 2001; 36:641-660. [PMID: 11460322 DOI: 10.1081/ese-100103751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A simple computation framework is applied to include estuarine wetland and their interaction with main channels in estuarine modeling. The concept and the model implementation of the scheme are explained using a vertical two-dimensional model of estuarine hydrodynamics and water quality. The model was applied to the Tanshui River estuary and Kuan-Du wetland. The model is calibrated and verified by the available measured data. Simulations are also conducted for various upstream freshwater discharges to predict water quality in the main channel and estuarine wetland. The results show that the inclusion of estuarine wetland in a water-quality model not only provides a framework for computing water-quality conditions but also accounts for the interaction between wetland and main channel. The model provides a useful tool for environmental planning, protection and proposed wetland restoration works.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C Liu
- Hydrotech Research Institute, National Taiwan University, No. 158 Chou-Shan Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
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Abstract
Alpha-synuclein is a small, highly conserved protein in vertebrates that has been linked to several neurodegenerative diseases. The avian song control system is one of the model systems in which the protein was independently discovered. Alpha-synuclein is dynamically regulated in the song system during song learning, a process in which sex steroids play a central role. We compared alpha-synuclein mRNA expression in the brains of 12 adult male chipping sparrows (Spizella passerina) treated with either testosterone or blank s.c. implants. We saw pronounced upregulation of alpha-synuclein mRNA in, as well as an increase in the volume of, the song control nucleus area X in response to exogenous testosterone. To our knowledge this is the first report of steroid regulation of synuclein gene expression in any model system.
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Affiliation(s)
- V N Hartman
- Graduate Program in Neurobiology and Behavior, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
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Wiese C, Gauny SS, Liu WC, Cherbonnel-Lasserre CL, Kronenberg A. Different mechanisms of radiation-induced loss of heterozygosity in two human lymphoid cell lines from a single donor. Cancer Res 2001; 61:1129-37. [PMID: 11221843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Allelic loss is an important mutational mechanism in human carcinogenesis. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at an autosomal locus is one outcome of the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and can occur by deletion or by mitotic recombination. We report that mitotic recombination between homologous chromosomes occurred in human lymphoid cells exposed to densely ionizing radiation. We used cells derived from the same donor that express either normal TP53 (TK6 cells) or homozygous mutant TP53 (WTK1 cells) to assess the influence of TP53 on radiation-induced mutagenesis. Expression of mutant TP53 (Met 237 Ile) was associated with a small increase in mutation frequencies at the hemizygous HPRT (hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase) locus, but the mutation spectra were unaffected at this locus. In contrast, WTK1 cells (mutant TP53) were 30-fold more susceptible than TK6 cells (wild-type TP53) to radiation-induced mutagenesis at the TK1 (thymidine kinase) locus. Gene dosage analysis combined with microsatellite marker analysis showed that the increase in TK1 mutagenesis in WTK1 cells could be attributed, in part, to mitotic recombination. The microsatellite marker analysis over a 64-cM region on chromosome 17q indicated that the recombinational events could initiate at different positions between the TK1 locus and the centromere. Virtually all of the recombinational LOH events extended beyond the TK1 locus to the most telomeric marker. In general, longer LOH tracts were observed in mutants from WTK1 cells than in mutants from TK6 cells. Taken together, the results demonstrate that the incidence of radi-ation-induced mutations is dependent on the genetic background of the cell at risk, on the locus examined, and on the mechanisms for mutation available at the locus of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Wiese
- Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720 USA
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Holodny AI, Schulder M, Liu WC, Wolko J, Maldjian JA, Kalnin AJ. The effect of brain tumors on BOLD functional MR imaging activation in the adjacent motor cortex: implications for image-guided neurosurgery. Radiology 2001; 248:971-8. [PMID: 11003273 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2483071280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Functional MR (fMR) imaging data coregistered to a neurosurgical navigation system have been proposed as guides for the resection of brain tumor in or adjacent to eloquent cortices. The purpose of this study was to compare data obtained from the side of the brain affected by tumor with the contralateral side and to determine if there are physiological limitations of fMR imaging in accurately determining the location of the primary motor cortex. METHODS Ten patients with tumors in or directly adjacent to the motor cortex were studied with fMR imaging (finger-tapping paradigm). fMR imaging data were analyzed using multiple R values. These data were coregistered to a real-time intraoperative neurosurgical navigation system. RESULTS Significant variability of motor cortex activation patterns was noted among individual patients. The activation volumes on the side of the tumor were significantly smaller compared with the contralateral side for all tumors not previously resected (0.66+/-0.47). This was most pronounced in glioblastomas (0.27+/-0.21). We propose that these differences were caused by a loss of autoregulation in the tumor vasculature of glioblastomas and venous effects. CONCLUSION Notwithstanding the differences noted, the motor cortex was identified successfully in all patients. This was confirmed by intraoperative physiological identification of the motor cortex and a lack of postoperative neurologic deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Holodny
- Department of Radiology, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, University Hospital, 07103-2714, USA
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Holodny AI, Ollenschleger MD, Liu WC, Schulder M, Kalnin AJ. Identification of the corticospinal tracts achieved using blood-oxygen-level-dependent and diffusion functional MR imaging in patients with brain tumors. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2001; 22:83-8. [PMID: 11158892 PMCID: PMC7975563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Diffusion-weighted MR imaging was used to delineate the corticospinal tract (CST) successfully and to depict its relationship to adjacent brain tumors. The CST was defined by a method by which it seems possible to delimit the distance from the CST to the main tumor mass and to show displacement and infiltration of the tract by the neoplasia. This information cannot be gathered from routine anatomic MR imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Holodny
- Department of Radiology, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark 07103-2714, USA
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Liu WC, Houde-Walter SN, Veasey DL, Peskin AP. Design and optimization of a diode-pumped fiber-coupled yb:er glass waveguide laser. Appl Opt 2000; 39:6165-6173. [PMID: 18354624 DOI: 10.1364/ao.39.006165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
An adaptive simulated annealing optimization algorithm is used to derive laser rate equation and waveguiding models with which the best design for a diode-pumped fiber-coupled, Yb:Er glass waveguide laser can be determined. Material parameters that correspond to commercially available laser-glass and diode-pump sources are used in this study. Given a continuous-wave 300-mW pump at 977 nm, approximately 48 mW of power at 1540 nm can be coupled into the LP(01) mode of an optical fiber. Fabrication and alignment tolerance analyses are presented.
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Schulder M, Vega J, Narra V, Jacobs A, Kalnin A, Lange G, Liu WC. Functional magnetic resonance imaging and radiosurgical dose planning. Stereotact Funct Neurosurg 2000; 73:38-44. [PMID: 10853096 DOI: 10.1159/000029749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) on stereotactic radiosurgical (SRS) dose planning. METHODS Patients included those undergoing SRS whose lesions were in or near areas that could be identified with fMRI. After processing, an fMR scan was registered to the anatomic scan, and this dataset was registered to a stereotactic CT scan. The imaged functional areas were contoured along with standard anatomical targets. Dose planning was done at first with the functional volumes rendered invisible; the plans were then adjusted as needed using the functional targets. Doses were measured using a dose-volume histogram tool. RESULTS SRS was performed in 12 patients, 1 of whom also underwent SRT. Functional volumes studied included motor cortex in 8 patients, visual in 6 and language in 3; a total of 33 functional targets were imaged. Prescription doses ranged from 12 to 22.5 Gy (mean 19.5 Gy), and the maximum dose to functional volumes from 8 cGy to 18.5 Gy (mean 2.9 Gy). In 6 patients, arc adjustment using functional targets yielded a >50% reduction in dose to at least one functional volume; in all patients, the dose reduction to 50 and 75% of functional volumes averaged 4% (12 cGy) and 13% (30 cGy), respectively, while the reduction of maximal dose averaged 24% (50 cGy). CONCLUSIONS fMRI can be used in SRS to reduce irradiation of eloquent brain using standard prescription doses. Appropriate arc adjustment may allow for escalation of the dose to the targeted lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Schulder
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Radiology, New Jersey Medical School, Newark 07103, USA.
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Schulder M, Holodny A, Liu WC, Gray A, Lange G, Carmel PW. Functional magnetic resonance image-guided surgery of tumors in or near the primary visual cortex. Stereotact Funct Neurosurg 2000; 73:31-6. [PMID: 10853094 DOI: 10.1159/000029747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the accuracy of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the primary visual cortex in patients undergoing surgery for tumors in the occipital lobe. METHODS Two patients with nondominant occipital lobe tumors were studied, one with a solitary lung metastasis and another with radiation necrosis after radiosurgery for a low-grade astrocytoma. At surgery, visual evoked potentials (VEPs) were stimulated using Light-emitting-diode goggles and recorded using cortical grids placed immediately after brain exposure. The location of the peak VEP was compared to that predicted by the registered functional scan. RESULTS In each case, the epicenter of visual activation as represented on the registered fMRI corresponded to the site of peak VEP recording. Prediction error for the visual cortex, measured in patient 1, was 1.0 mm. Visual confirmation showed the registration in the second patient to be accurate as well. CONCLUSION As previously demonstrated for sensorimotor fMRI, visual fMRI accurately predicts the location of the primary visual cortex. Additional confirmation is expected with more clinical experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Schulder
- Divisions of Neurosurgery and Neuroradiology, New Jersey Medical School, Newark 07103, USA.
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Holodny AI, Schulder M, Liu WC, Wolko J, Maldjian JA, Kalnin AJ. The effect of brain tumors on BOLD functional MR imaging activation in the adjacent motor cortex: implications for image-guided neurosurgery. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2000; 21:1415-22. [PMID: 11003273 PMCID: PMC7974044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/1999] [Accepted: 03/02/2000] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Functional MR (fMR) imaging data coregistered to a neurosurgical navigation system have been proposed as guides for the resection of brain tumor in or adjacent to eloquent cortices. The purpose of this study was to compare data obtained from the side of the brain affected by tumor with the contralateral side and to determine if there are physiological limitations of fMR imaging in accurately determining the location of the primary motor cortex. METHODS Ten patients with tumors in or directly adjacent to the motor cortex were studied with fMR imaging (finger-tapping paradigm). fMR imaging data were analyzed using multiple R values. These data were coregistered to a real-time intraoperative neurosurgical navigation system. RESULTS Significant variability of motor cortex activation patterns was noted among individual patients. The activation volumes on the side of the tumor were significantly smaller compared with the contralateral side for all tumors not previously resected (0.66+/-0.47). This was most pronounced in glioblastomas (0.27+/-0.21). We propose that these differences were caused by a loss of autoregulation in the tumor vasculature of glioblastomas and venous effects. CONCLUSION Notwithstanding the differences noted, the motor cortex was identified successfully in all patients. This was confirmed by intraoperative physiological identification of the motor cortex and a lack of postoperative neurologic deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Holodny
- Department of Radiology, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, University Hospital, 07103-2714, USA
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Haan S, Hoekema N, Poniatowski S, Liu WC, Eberly J. Directional correlation in direct and sequential double ionization of model atoms. Opt Express 2000; 7:29-38. [PMID: 19404366 DOI: 10.1364/oe.7.000029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We discuss directional dependence in the time development of spatial wavefunctions, which includes jet formation, for two-electron model atoms exposed to intense laser fields. Two competing scenarios for double ionization are evident: (1) both electrons emerge simultaneously from the core region and on the same side of the nucleus, and (2) the electrons detach on opposite sides but not simultaneously. The importance of the electron-electron repulsion contribution to the competing processes is investigated for various laser intensities.
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Liu WC, Schulder M, Narra V, Kalnin AJ, Cathcart C, Jacobs A, Lange G, Holodny AI. Functional magnetic resonance imaging aided radiation treatment planning. Med Phys 2000; 27:1563-72. [PMID: 10947259 DOI: 10.1118/1.599022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) allows one to noninvasively identify various eloquent cortices in the brain. The integration of cortical activation information into radiosurgical treatment planning may provide an alternative to prevent or minimize radiation damage to eloquent cortex. A novel approach of directly integrating the fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) brain map into treatment planning is proposed. Three brain tumor patients have been studied using this method with motor and/or visual paradigms. Brain activation was demonstrated in eloquent cortex at the precentral gyrus (motor area) and medial occipital lobe (visual area). The activation maps were transferred to a treatment planning workstation, (XKnife), and 3D (three-dimensional) activation maps were generated and co-registered to a 3D CT (computed tomography) anatomical data set, which provided the calibration localizer, for treatment planning. Radiosurgery was designed based on both functional and structural information by the medical team consisting of a radiation oncologist, a neurosurgeon and a physicist. The average maximum dose for the tumor was 2113 cGy. The average maximum dose for tissue surrounding the tumor was 1600 cGy. The average dose with fMRI information to the eloquent cortex was 163.4 cGy over three patients, while without fMRI information it was 240.5 cGy. The average percentage dose reduction over three patients is 32%. The results suggest that using this method can reduce the dose to the eloquent cortex. This approach provides the physician with additional information for treatment planning and may spare the patient unnecessary radiation exposure to adjacent eloquent cortices.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C Liu
- Department of Radiology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark 07103, USA.
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Holodny AI, Kisza PS, Contractor S, Liu WC. Does a herniated nucleus pulposus contribute significantly to a decrease in height of the intervertebral disc? Quantitative volumetric MRI. Neuroradiology 2000; 42:451-4. [PMID: 10929308 DOI: 10.1007/s002340000319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A lumbar intervertebral disc with a herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP) often exhibits a decrease in the height of the intervertebral space. Our purpose was to ascertain whether the loss of volume of an HNP is sufficient to cause a perceptible decrease in the height of the intervertebral space. MRI of 44 patients with 51 HNPs were reviewed. The volumes of the herniated material and of the intervertebral discs were calculated for every level from L1-2 to L5-S1. The average volume of the HNP was 503 +/- 301 mm3. The average volumes of all 220 intervertebral discs and of the 127 normal-appearing discs were 14,442 +/- 4200 mm3 and 17,476 +/- 2885 mm3 respectively. The average volume of the HNP represented 3.5% of the parent disc. An average HNP caused a decrease in intervertebral space height of 0.35 mm (0.56 pixels). Therefore, the loss of the volume of the HNP does not cause a significant decrease in the intervertebral space height. The average calculated decrease in the disc height is less than that reported in normal diurnal variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Holodny
- Department of Radiology, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, University Hospital C-320, Newark 07103-2714, USA.
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Abstract
Ecologists seek to understand the rules that govern the assembly, coexistence and persistence of communities of interacting species. There is, however, a variety of sequences in which a multi-species community can be assembled--unlike more familiar one- and two-species systems. Ecological systems can exhibit contrasting dynamics depending on initial conditions, but studies have been focused on simple communities initiated at different densities, not on multi-species communities constructed in different sequences. Investigations of permanence and convergence in ecological communities have been concerned with the flux of whole species (presence or absence) but have not addressed the central issues concerning the dynamics exhibited by individual species in particular interactions. Here we examine data for replicated three-species systems and demonstrate that the dynamic trajectories of both a predator and its prey within the system are determined by the sequence in which it is constructed, and that for one construction-sequence alternative dynamic patterns are possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Sait
- Population and Evolutionary Biology Research Group, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Liverpool, UK.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Vagal nerve stimulation has become an important treatment for patients with intractable seizure disorders. Many of these patients will require magnetic resonance imaging (MRIs) of the brain after the stimulator has been implanted to monitor underlying neurologic conditions. Functional MRI (fMRI) is also being used in the evaluation of epilepsy. With the current recommended implant techniques the magnetic field of the MRI will deactivate the pulse generator while the patient is in the supine position for the scan. A simple change in positioning of the pulse generator will help to avoid deactivating the device during an MRI. This will avoid exposing the patient to lengthy time periods with a deactivated stimulator and also allow for the performance of fMRIs and any other MRI scans needed to monitor underlying neurologic conditions. METHODS A working model of the NeuroCybernetic Prosthesis (NCP) pulse generator was assessed with an oscilloscope and LED light connected to it that related activation of the generator while in the MRI. This simulation was performed with the device alone, in multiple positions. Then patients with implanted devices who could personally confirm the activation of their stimulators were also studied. RESULTS A pulse generator placed with the electrode inputs parallel to the long axis of the body was not deactivated by the magnetic field of the MRI when the patient was in the supine position. CONCLUSION Changing the implant position of a vagal nerve stimulator pulse generator will help to prevent deactivation of the device while in the MRI, allowing for the performance of fMRIs while not exposing the patient to lengthy time periods with a deactivated vagal nerve stimulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Maniker
- Department of Neurosurgery, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, USA
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Liu WC, Kwak BK, Kim KN, Kim SY, Woo JJ, Chung DJ, Hong JH, Kim HS, Lee CJ, Shim HJ. Tuberculous aneurysm of the abdominal aorta: endovascular repair using stent grafts in two cases. Korean J Radiol 2000; 1:215-8. [PMID: 11752958 PMCID: PMC2718204 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2000.1.4.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculous aneurysm of the aorta is exceedingly rare. To date, the standard therapy for mycotic aneurysm of the abdominal aorta has been surgery involving in-situ graft placement or extra-anatomic bypass surgery followed by effective anti-tuberculous medication. Only recently has the use of a stent graft in the treatment of tuberculous aortic aneurysm been described in the literature. We report two cases in which a tuberculous aneurysm of the abdominal aorta was successfully repaired using endovascular stent grafts. One case involved is a 42-year-old woman with a large suprarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm and a right psoas abscess, and the other, a 41-year-old man in whom an abdominal aortic aneurysm ruptured during surgical drainage of a psoas abscess.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C Liu
- Department of Radiology, Sung-Ae General Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
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Wolansky LJ, Finden SG, Chen J, Hanna R, Holodny AI, Ahmad I, Liu WC, Contractor S. Optimization of gray/white matter contrast with fast inversion recovery for myelin suppression: a comparison of fast spin-echo and echo-planar MR imaging sequences. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1999; 20:1653-7. [PMID: 10543636 PMCID: PMC7056192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
We compared two MR imaging sequences, fast inversion recovery for myelin suppression (FIRMS) and echo-planar FIRMS (EP-FIRMS), for depicting gray/white matter contrast. In 18 patients, the frequency bandwidth (BW) was optimized for each sequence; in nine patients, the BW was held constant. In the BW-optimized group, the mean contrast-to-noise ratio (C/N) was three times higher with the FIRMS sequence. In the BW-constant group, the mean C/N was 27% higher with the EP-FIRMS sequence; however, geometric distortion degraded the EP-FIRMS images excessively. For optimal gray/white contrast, FIRMS appears to be the superior pulse sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Wolansky
- Department of Radiology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark 07103, USA
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