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Falconer EA, Majumdar MC, Grunewald ZI, Gillingham T, Sanford J, Lane O, Serrot FJ, Stetler J, Patel AD, Srinivasan JK, Sharma J, Davis Jr SS, Lin E, Hechenbleikner EM. A Pilot Study to Increase Transversus Abdominis Plane Block Utilization Among Bariatric Surgeons. Bariatr Surg Pract Patient Care 2022. [DOI: 10.1089/bari.2021.0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elissa A. Falconer
- Department of Surgery, Division of General and GI Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Melissa C. Majumdar
- Office of Quality and Risk, Emory University Hospital Midtown, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Zachary I. Grunewald
- Office of Quality and Risk, Emory Johns Creek Hospital, Johns Creek, Georgia, USA
| | - Trent Gillingham
- Office of Quality and Risk, Emory Healthcare, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jay Sanford
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Olabisi Lane
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Federico J. Serrot
- Department of Surgery, Division of General and GI Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jamil Stetler
- Department of Surgery, Division of General and GI Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ankit D. Patel
- Department of Surgery, Division of General and GI Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jahnavi K. Srinivasan
- Department of Surgery, Division of General and GI Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jyotirmay Sharma
- Department of Surgery, Division of General and GI Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - S. Scott Davis Jr
- Department of Surgery, Division of General and GI Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Edward Lin
- Department of Surgery, Division of General and GI Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Elizabeth M. Hechenbleikner
- Department of Surgery, Division of General and GI Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Ramirez-Perez FI, Woodford ML, Morales-Quinones M, Grunewald ZI, Cabral-Amador FJ, Yoshida T, Brenner DA, Manrique-Acevedo C, Martinez-Lemus LA, Chandrasekar B, Padilla J. Mutation of the 5'-untranslated region stem-loop mRNA structure reduces type I collagen deposition and arterial stiffness in male obese mice. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 321:H435-H445. [PMID: 34242094 PMCID: PMC8526337 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00076.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Arterial stiffening, a characteristic feature of obesity and type 2 diabetes, contributes to the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Currently, no effective prophylaxis or therapeutics is available to prevent or treat arterial stiffening. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying arterial stiffening is vital to identify newer targets and strategies to reduce CVD burden. A major contributor to arterial stiffening is increased collagen deposition. In the 5'-untranslated regions of mRNAs encoding for type I collagen, an evolutionally conserved stem-loop (SL) structure plays an essential role in its stability and post-transcriptional regulation. Here, we show that feeding a high-fat/high-sucrose (HFHS) diet for 28 wk increases adiposity, insulin resistance, and blood pressure in male wild-type littermates. Moreover, arterial stiffness, assessed in vivo via aortic pulse wave velocity, and ex vivo using atomic force microscopy in aortic explants or pressure myography in isolated femoral and mesenteric arteries, was also increased in those mice. Notably, all these indices of arterial stiffness, along with collagen type I levels in the vasculature, were reduced in HFHS-fed mice harboring a mutation in the 5'SL structure, relative to wild-type littermates. This protective vascular phenotype in 5'SL-mutant mice did not associate with a reduction in insulin resistance or blood pressure. These findings implicate the 5'SL structure as a putative therapeutic target to prevent or reverse arterial stiffening and CVD associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes.NEW & NOTEWORTHY In the 5'-untranslated (UTR) regions of mRNAs encoding for type I collagen, an evolutionally conserved SL structure plays an essential role in its stability and posttranscriptional regulation. We demonstrate that a mutation of the SL mRNA structure in the 5'-UTR decreases collagen type I deposition and arterial stiffness in obese mice. Targeting this evolutionarily conserved SL structure may hold promise in the management of arterial stiffening and CVD associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco I Ramirez-Perez
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Department of Biomedical, Biological and Chemical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Makenzie L Woodford
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | | | - Zachary I Grunewald
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | | | - Tadashi Yoshida
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - David A Brenner
- School of Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Camila Manrique-Acevedo
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Luis A Martinez-Lemus
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Department of Biomedical, Biological and Chemical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Bysani Chandrasekar
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri.,Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Jaume Padilla
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
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Grunewald ZI, Ramirez-Perez FI, Woodford ML, Morales-Quinones M, Mejia S, Manrique-Acevedo C, Siebenlist U, Martinez-Lemus LA, Chandrasekar B, Padilla J. TRAF3IP2 (TRAF3 Interacting Protein 2) Mediates Obesity-Associated Vascular Insulin Resistance and Dysfunction in Male Mice. Hypertension 2020; 76:1319-1329. [PMID: 32829657 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.15262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Insulin resistance in the vasculature is a characteristic feature of obesity and contributes to the pathogenesis of vascular dysfunction and disease. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying obesity-associated vascular insulin resistance and dysfunction remain poorly understood. We hypothesized that TRAF3IP2 (TRAF3 interacting protein 2), a proinflammatory adaptor molecule known to activate pathological stress pathways and implicated in cardiovascular diseases, plays a causal role in obesity-associated vascular insulin resistance and dysfunction. We tested this hypothesis by employing genetic-manipulation in endothelial cells in vitro, in isolated arteries ex vivo, and diet-induced obesity in a mouse model of TRAF3IP2 ablation in vivo. We show that ectopic expression of TRAF3IP2 blunts insulin signaling in endothelial cells and diminishes endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in isolated aortic rings. Further, 16 weeks of high fat/high sucrose feeding impaired glucose tolerance, aortic insulin-induced vasorelaxation, and hindlimb postocclusive reactive hyperemia, while increasing blood pressure and arterial stiffness in wild-type male mice. Notably, TRAF3IP2 ablation protected mice from such high fat/high sucrose feeding-induced metabolic and vascular defects. Interestingly, wild-type female mice expressed markedly reduced levels of TRAF3IP2 mRNA independent of diet and were protected against high fat/high sucrose diet-induced vascular dysfunction. These data indicate that TRAF3IP2 plays a causal role in vascular insulin resistance and dysfunction. Specifically, the present findings highlight a sexual dimorphic role of TRAF3IP2 in vascular control and identify it as a promising therapeutic target in vasculometabolic derangements associated with obesity, particularly in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary I Grunewald
- From the Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology (Z.I.G., M.L.W., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center (Z.I.G., F.I.R.-P., M.L.W., M.M.-Q., S.M., C.M.-A., L.A.M.-L., B.C., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia
| | - Francisco I Ramirez-Perez
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center (Z.I.G., F.I.R.-P., M.L.W., M.M.-Q., S.M., C.M.-A., L.A.M.-L., B.C., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia.,Department of Biological Engineering (F.I.R.-P., L.A.M.-L.), University of Missouri, Columbia
| | - Makenzie L Woodford
- From the Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology (Z.I.G., M.L.W., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center (Z.I.G., F.I.R.-P., M.L.W., M.M.-Q., S.M., C.M.-A., L.A.M.-L., B.C., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia
| | - Mariana Morales-Quinones
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center (Z.I.G., F.I.R.-P., M.L.W., M.M.-Q., S.M., C.M.-A., L.A.M.-L., B.C., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia
| | - Salvador Mejia
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center (Z.I.G., F.I.R.-P., M.L.W., M.M.-Q., S.M., C.M.-A., L.A.M.-L., B.C., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia
| | - Camila Manrique-Acevedo
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center (Z.I.G., F.I.R.-P., M.L.W., M.M.-Q., S.M., C.M.-A., L.A.M.-L., B.C., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia.,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine (C.M.-A.), University of Missouri, Columbia.,Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO (C.M.-A., B.C.)
| | | | - Luis A Martinez-Lemus
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center (Z.I.G., F.I.R.-P., M.L.W., M.M.-Q., S.M., C.M.-A., L.A.M.-L., B.C., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia.,Department of Biological Engineering (F.I.R.-P., L.A.M.-L.), University of Missouri, Columbia.,Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology (L.A.M.-L., B.C.), University of Missouri, Columbia
| | - Bysani Chandrasekar
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center (Z.I.G., F.I.R.-P., M.L.W., M.M.-Q., S.M., C.M.-A., L.A.M.-L., B.C., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (B.C.), University of Missouri, Columbia.,Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology (L.A.M.-L., B.C.), University of Missouri, Columbia.,Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO (C.M.-A., B.C.)
| | - Jaume Padilla
- From the Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology (Z.I.G., M.L.W., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center (Z.I.G., F.I.R.-P., M.L.W., M.M.-Q., S.M., C.M.-A., L.A.M.-L., B.C., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia
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Sales ARK, Azevedo LF, Silva TOC, Rodrigues AG, Oliveira PA, Jordão CP, Andrade ACM, Urias U, Guimaraes GV, Bocchi EA, Alves MJNN, Hajjar LA, Filho RK, Grunewald ZI, Martinez-Lemus LA, Padilla J, Negrão CE. High-Intensity Interval Training Decreases Muscle Sympathetic Nerve Activity and Improves Peripheral Vascular Function in Patients With Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction. Circ Heart Fail 2020; 13:e007121. [PMID: 32673501 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.120.007121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Allan R K Sales
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Brazil (A.R.K.S., L.F.A., T.O.C.S., A.G.R., P.A.O., C.P.J., A.C.M.A., U.U., G.V.G., E.A.B., M.J.N.N.A., L.A.H., R.K.F., C.E.N.).,D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), São Paulo, Brazil (A.R.K.S.)
| | - Luciene F Azevedo
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Brazil (A.R.K.S., L.F.A., T.O.C.S., A.G.R., P.A.O., C.P.J., A.C.M.A., U.U., G.V.G., E.A.B., M.J.N.N.A., L.A.H., R.K.F., C.E.N.)
| | - Thiago O C Silva
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Brazil (A.R.K.S., L.F.A., T.O.C.S., A.G.R., P.A.O., C.P.J., A.C.M.A., U.U., G.V.G., E.A.B., M.J.N.N.A., L.A.H., R.K.F., C.E.N.)
| | - Amanda G Rodrigues
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Brazil (A.R.K.S., L.F.A., T.O.C.S., A.G.R., P.A.O., C.P.J., A.C.M.A., U.U., G.V.G., E.A.B., M.J.N.N.A., L.A.H., R.K.F., C.E.N.)
| | - Patricia A Oliveira
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Brazil (A.R.K.S., L.F.A., T.O.C.S., A.G.R., P.A.O., C.P.J., A.C.M.A., U.U., G.V.G., E.A.B., M.J.N.N.A., L.A.H., R.K.F., C.E.N.)
| | - Camila P Jordão
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Brazil (A.R.K.S., L.F.A., T.O.C.S., A.G.R., P.A.O., C.P.J., A.C.M.A., U.U., G.V.G., E.A.B., M.J.N.N.A., L.A.H., R.K.F., C.E.N.)
| | - Ana C M Andrade
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Brazil (A.R.K.S., L.F.A., T.O.C.S., A.G.R., P.A.O., C.P.J., A.C.M.A., U.U., G.V.G., E.A.B., M.J.N.N.A., L.A.H., R.K.F., C.E.N.)
| | - Ursula Urias
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Brazil (A.R.K.S., L.F.A., T.O.C.S., A.G.R., P.A.O., C.P.J., A.C.M.A., U.U., G.V.G., E.A.B., M.J.N.N.A., L.A.H., R.K.F., C.E.N.).,Department of Medical Pharmacology Physiology (U.U., L.A.M.-.L.), University of Missouri, Columbia
| | - Guilherme V Guimaraes
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Brazil (A.R.K.S., L.F.A., T.O.C.S., A.G.R., P.A.O., C.P.J., A.C.M.A., U.U., G.V.G., E.A.B., M.J.N.N.A., L.A.H., R.K.F., C.E.N.)
| | - Edimar A Bocchi
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Brazil (A.R.K.S., L.F.A., T.O.C.S., A.G.R., P.A.O., C.P.J., A.C.M.A., U.U., G.V.G., E.A.B., M.J.N.N.A., L.A.H., R.K.F., C.E.N.)
| | - Maria Janieire N N Alves
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Brazil (A.R.K.S., L.F.A., T.O.C.S., A.G.R., P.A.O., C.P.J., A.C.M.A., U.U., G.V.G., E.A.B., M.J.N.N.A., L.A.H., R.K.F., C.E.N.)
| | - Ludhmila A Hajjar
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Brazil (A.R.K.S., L.F.A., T.O.C.S., A.G.R., P.A.O., C.P.J., A.C.M.A., U.U., G.V.G., E.A.B., M.J.N.N.A., L.A.H., R.K.F., C.E.N.)
| | - Roberto K Filho
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Brazil (A.R.K.S., L.F.A., T.O.C.S., A.G.R., P.A.O., C.P.J., A.C.M.A., U.U., G.V.G., E.A.B., M.J.N.N.A., L.A.H., R.K.F., C.E.N.)
| | - Zachary I Grunewald
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology (Z.I.G., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center (Z.I.G., L.A.M.-.L., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia
| | - Luis A Martinez-Lemus
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center (Z.I.G., L.A.M.-.L., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia.,Department of Medical Pharmacology Physiology (U.U., L.A.M.-.L.), University of Missouri, Columbia
| | - Jaume Padilla
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology (Z.I.G., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center (Z.I.G., L.A.M.-.L., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia
| | - Carlos E Negrão
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Brazil (A.R.K.S., L.F.A., T.O.C.S., A.G.R., P.A.O., C.P.J., A.C.M.A., U.U., G.V.G., E.A.B., M.J.N.N.A., L.A.H., R.K.F., C.E.N.).,School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, Brazil (C.E.N.)
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Limberg JK, Smith JA, Soares RN, Harper JL, Houghton KN, Jacob DW, Mozer MT, Grunewald ZI, Johnson BD, Curry TB, Baynard T, Manrique-Acevedo C, Padilla J. Sympathetically mediated increases in cardiac output, not restraint of peripheral vasodilation, contribute to blood pressure maintenance during hyperinsulinemia. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2020; 319:H162-H170. [PMID: 32502373 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00250.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Vasodilatory effects of insulin support the delivery of insulin and glucose to skeletal muscle. Concurrently, insulin exerts central effects that increase sympathetic nervous system activity (SNA), which is required for the acute maintenance of blood pressure (BP). Indeed, in a cohort of young healthy adults, herein we show that intravenous infusion of insulin increases muscle SNA while BP is maintained. We next tested the hypothesis that sympathoexcitation evoked by hyperinsulinemia restrains insulin-stimulated peripheral vasodilation and contributes to sustaining BP. To address this, a separate cohort of participants were subjected to 5-s pulses of neck suction (NS) to simulate carotid hypertension and elicit a reflex-mediated reduction in SNA. NS was conducted before and 60 min following intravenous infusion of insulin. Insulin infusion caused an increase in leg vascular conductance and cardiac output (CO; P < 0.050), with maintenance of BP (P = 0.540). As expected, following NS, decreases in BP were greater in the presence of hyperinsulinemia compared with control (P = 0.045). However, the effect of NS on leg vascular conductance did not differ between insulin and control conditions (P = 0.898). Instead, the greater decreases in BP following NS in the setting of insulin infusion paralleled with greater decreases in CO (P = 0.009). These findings support the idea that during hyperinsulinemia, SNA-mediated increase in CO, rather than restraint of leg vascular conductance, is the principal contributor to the maintenance of BP. Demonstration in isolated arteries that insulin suppresses α-adrenergic vasoconstriction suggests that the observed lack of restraint of leg vascular conductance may be attributed to sympatholytic actions of insulin.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We examined the role of sympathetic activation in restraining vasodilatory responses to hyperinsulinemia and sustaining blood pressure in healthy adults. Data are reported from two separate experimental protocols in humans and one experimental protocol in isolated arteries from mice. Contrary to our hypothesis, the present findings support the idea that during hyperinsulinemia, a sympathetically mediated increase in cardiac output, rather than restraint of peripheral vasodilation, is the principal contributor to the maintenance of systemic blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline K Limberg
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - James A Smith
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Rogerio N Soares
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Jennifer L Harper
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Keeley N Houghton
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Dain W Jacob
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Michael T Mozer
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Zachary I Grunewald
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Blair D Johnson
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Timothy B Curry
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Tracy Baynard
- Integrative Physiology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Camila Manrique-Acevedo
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Research Services, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Jaume Padilla
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
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6
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Sales AK, Azevedo LF, Oliveira TO, Nunes Alves MJN, Rodrigues AG, Oliveira PA, Jordao CP, Andrade A, Urias U, Guimaraes GV, Bocchi EA, Grunewald ZI, Martinez-Lemus LA, Padilla J, Negrao CE. High‐intensity interval training decreases muscle sympathetic nerve activity and improves peripheral vascular function in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. FASEB J 2020. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.09572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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7
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Grunewald ZI, Jurrissen TJ, Woodford ML, Ramirez-Perez FI, Park LK, Pettit-Mee R, Ghiarone T, Brown SM, Morales-Quinones M, Ball JR, Staveley-O'Carroll KF, Aroor AR, Fadel PJ, Paradis P, Schiffrin EL, Bender SB, Martinez-Lemus LA, Padilla J. Chronic Elevation of Endothelin-1 Alone May Not Be Sufficient to Impair Endothelium-Dependent Relaxation. Hypertension 2019; 74:1409-1419. [PMID: 31630572 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.119.13676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a powerful vasoconstrictor peptide considered to be causally implicated in hypertension and the development of cardiovascular disease. Increased ET-1 is commonly associated with reduced NO bioavailability and impaired vascular function; however, whether chronic elevation of ET-1 directly impairs endothelium-dependent relaxation (EDR) remains elusive. Herein, we report that (1) prolonged ET-1 exposure (ie, 48 hours) of naive mouse aortas or cultured endothelial cells did not impair EDR or reduce eNOS (endothelial NO synthase) activity, respectively (P>0.05); (2) mice with endothelial cell-specific ET-1 overexpression did not exhibit impaired EDR or reduced eNOS activity (P>0.05); (3) chronic (8 weeks) pharmacological blockade of ET-1 receptors in obese/hyperlipidemic mice did not improve aortic EDR or increase eNOS activity (P>0.05); and (4) vascular and plasma ET-1 did not inversely correlate with EDR in resistance arteries isolated from human subjects with a wide range of ET-1 levels (r=0.0037 and r=-0.1258, respectively). Furthermore, we report that prolonged ET-1 exposure downregulated vascular UCP-1 (uncoupling protein-1; P<0.05), which may contribute to the preservation of EDR in conditions characterized by hyperendothelinemia. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that chronic elevation of ET-1 alone may not be sufficient to impair EDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary I Grunewald
- From the Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology (Z.I.G., T.J.J., M.L.W., L.K.P., R.P.-M., J.R.B., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center (Z.I.G., T.J.J., M.L.W., F.I.R.-P., L.K.P., R.P.-M., T.G., M.M.-Q., S.B.B., L.A.M.-L., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia
| | - Thomas J Jurrissen
- From the Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology (Z.I.G., T.J.J., M.L.W., L.K.P., R.P.-M., J.R.B., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center (Z.I.G., T.J.J., M.L.W., F.I.R.-P., L.K.P., R.P.-M., T.G., M.M.-Q., S.B.B., L.A.M.-L., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia
| | - Makenzie L Woodford
- From the Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology (Z.I.G., T.J.J., M.L.W., L.K.P., R.P.-M., J.R.B., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center (Z.I.G., T.J.J., M.L.W., F.I.R.-P., L.K.P., R.P.-M., T.G., M.M.-Q., S.B.B., L.A.M.-L., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia
| | - Francisco I Ramirez-Perez
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center (Z.I.G., T.J.J., M.L.W., F.I.R.-P., L.K.P., R.P.-M., T.G., M.M.-Q., S.B.B., L.A.M.-L., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia.,Department of Biological Engineering (F.I.R.-P.), University of Missouri, Columbia
| | - Lauren K Park
- From the Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology (Z.I.G., T.J.J., M.L.W., L.K.P., R.P.-M., J.R.B., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center (Z.I.G., T.J.J., M.L.W., F.I.R.-P., L.K.P., R.P.-M., T.G., M.M.-Q., S.B.B., L.A.M.-L., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia
| | - Ryan Pettit-Mee
- From the Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology (Z.I.G., T.J.J., M.L.W., L.K.P., R.P.-M., J.R.B., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center (Z.I.G., T.J.J., M.L.W., F.I.R.-P., L.K.P., R.P.-M., T.G., M.M.-Q., S.B.B., L.A.M.-L., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia
| | - Thaysa Ghiarone
- From the Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology (Z.I.G., T.J.J., M.L.W., L.K.P., R.P.-M., J.R.B., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center (Z.I.G., T.J.J., M.L.W., F.I.R.-P., L.K.P., R.P.-M., T.G., M.M.-Q., S.B.B., L.A.M.-L., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia
| | - Scott M Brown
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (S.M.B., S.B.B.), University of Missouri, Columbia.,Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital (S.M.B., A.R.A., S.B.B.), University of Missouri, Columbia
| | - Mariana Morales-Quinones
- From the Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology (Z.I.G., T.J.J., M.L.W., L.K.P., R.P.-M., J.R.B., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center (Z.I.G., T.J.J., M.L.W., F.I.R.-P., L.K.P., R.P.-M., T.G., M.M.-Q., S.B.B., L.A.M.-L., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia
| | - James R Ball
- From the Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology (Z.I.G., T.J.J., M.L.W., L.K.P., R.P.-M., J.R.B., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia
| | | | - Annayya R Aroor
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital (S.M.B., A.R.A., S.B.B.), University of Missouri, Columbia
| | - Paul J Fadel
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington (P.J.F.)
| | - Pierre Paradis
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Unit, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research (P.P., E.L.S.), McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Ernesto L Schiffrin
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Unit, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research (P.P., E.L.S.), McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital (E.L.S.), McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Shawn B Bender
- From the Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology (Z.I.G., T.J.J., M.L.W., L.K.P., R.P.-M., J.R.B., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center (Z.I.G., T.J.J., M.L.W., F.I.R.-P., L.K.P., R.P.-M., T.G., M.M.-Q., S.B.B., L.A.M.-L., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia.,Department of Biomedical Sciences (S.M.B., S.B.B.), University of Missouri, Columbia.,Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital (S.M.B., A.R.A., S.B.B.), University of Missouri, Columbia
| | - Luis A Martinez-Lemus
- From the Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology (Z.I.G., T.J.J., M.L.W., L.K.P., R.P.-M., J.R.B., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center (Z.I.G., T.J.J., M.L.W., F.I.R.-P., L.K.P., R.P.-M., T.G., M.M.-Q., S.B.B., L.A.M.-L., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia.,Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology (L.A.M.-L.), University of Missouri, Columbia
| | - Jaume Padilla
- From the Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology (Z.I.G., T.J.J., M.L.W., L.K.P., R.P.-M., J.R.B., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center (Z.I.G., T.J.J., M.L.W., F.I.R.-P., L.K.P., R.P.-M., T.G., M.M.-Q., S.B.B., L.A.M.-L., J.P.), University of Missouri, Columbia
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8
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Olver TD, Grunewald ZI, Ghiarone T, Restaino RM, Sales ARK, Park LK, Thorne PK, Ganga RR, Emter CA, Lemon PWR, Shoemaker JK, Manrique-Acevedo C, Martinez-Lemus LA, Padilla J. Persistent insulin signaling coupled with restricted PI3K activation causes insulin-induced vasoconstriction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2019; 317:H1166-H1172. [PMID: 31603345 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00464.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Insulin modulates vasomotor tone through vasodilator and vasoconstrictor signaling pathways. The purpose of the present work was to determine whether insulin-stimulated vasoconstriction is a pathophysiological phenomenon that can result from a combination of persistent insulin signaling, suppressed phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) activation, and an ensuing relative increase in MAPK/endothelin-1 (ET-1) activity. First, we examined previously published work from our group where we assessed changes in lower-limb blood flow in response to an oral glucose tolerance test (endogenous insulin stimulation) in lean and obese subjects. The new analyses showed that the peak rise in vascular resistance during the postprandial state was greater in obese compared with lean subjects. We next extended on these findings by demonstrating that insulin-induced vasoconstriction in isolated resistance arteries from obese subjects was attenuated with ET-1 receptor antagonism, thus implicating ET-1 signaling in this constriction response. Last, we examined in isolated resistance arteries from pigs the dual roles of persistent insulin signaling and blunted PI3K activation in modulating vasomotor responses to insulin. We found that prolonged insulin stimulation did not alter vasomotor responses to insulin when insulin-signaling pathways remained unrestricted. However, prolonged insulinization along with pharmacological suppression of PI3K activity resulted in insulin-induced vasoconstriction, rather than vasodilation. Notably, such aberrant vascular response was rescued with either MAPK inhibition or ET-1 receptor antagonism. In summary, we demonstrate that insulin-induced vasoconstriction is a pathophysiological phenomenon that can be recapitulated when sustained insulin signaling is coupled with depressed PI3K activation and the concomitant relative increase in MAPK/ET-1 activity.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study reveals that insulin-induced vasoconstriction is a pathophysiological phenomenon. We also provide evidence that in the setting of persistent insulin signaling, impaired phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase activation appears to be a requisite feature precipitating MAPK/endothelin 1-dependent insulin-induced vasoconstriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Dylan Olver
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Zachary I Grunewald
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Thaysa Ghiarone
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Robert M Restaino
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Department of Health and Human Physiological Sciences, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, New York
| | - Allan R K Sales
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.,D'Or Institute for Research and Education, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lauren K Park
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Pamela K Thorne
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Rama Rao Ganga
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Craig A Emter
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Peter W R Lemon
- School of Kinesiology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - J Kevin Shoemaker
- School of Kinesiology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Camila Manrique-Acevedo
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Research Services, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Luis A Martinez-Lemus
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Jaume Padilla
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
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9
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Jurrissen TJ, Grunewald ZI, Woodford ML, Winn NC, Ball JR, Smith TN, Wheeler AA, Rawlings AL, Staveley-O'Carroll KF, Ji Y, Fay WP, Paradis P, Schiffrin EL, Vieira-Potter VJ, Fadel PJ, Martinez-Lemus LA, Padilla J. Overproduction of endothelin-1 impairs glucose tolerance but does not promote visceral adipose tissue inflammation or limit metabolic adaptations to exercise. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2019; 317:E548-E558. [PMID: 31310581 PMCID: PMC6766607 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00178.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent vasoconstrictor and proinflammatory peptide that is upregulated in obesity. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that ET-1 signaling promotes visceral adipose tissue (AT) inflammation and disrupts glucose homeostasis. We also tested if reduced ET-1 is a required mechanism by which exercise ameliorates AT inflammation and improves glycemic control in obesity. We found that 1) diet-induced obesity, AT inflammation, and glycemic dysregulation were not accompanied by significantly increased levels of ET-1 in AT or circulation in wild-type mice and that endothelial overexpression of ET-1 and consequently increased ET-1 levels did not cause AT inflammation yet impaired glucose tolerance; 2) reduced AT inflammation and improved glucose tolerance with voluntary wheel running was not associated with decreased levels of ET-1 in AT or circulation in obese mice nor did endothelial overexpression of ET-1 impede such exercise-induced metabolic adaptations; 3) chronic pharmacological blockade of ET-1 receptors did not suppress AT inflammation in obese mice but improved glucose tolerance; and 4) in a cohort of human subjects with a wide range of body mass indexes, ET-1 levels in AT, or circulation were not correlated with markers of inflammation in AT. In aggregate, we conclude that ET-1 signaling is not implicated in the development of visceral AT inflammation but promotes glucose intolerance, thus representing an important therapeutic target for glycemic dysregulation in conditions characterized by hyperendothelinemia. Furthermore, we show that the salutary effects of exercise on AT and systemic metabolic function are not contingent on the suppression of ET-1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Jurrissen
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Zachary I Grunewald
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Makenzie L Woodford
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Nathan C Winn
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - James R Ball
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Thomas N Smith
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Andrew A Wheeler
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | | | | | - Yan Ji
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - William P Fay
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Pierre Paradis
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ernesto L Schiffrin
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Paul J Fadel
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas
| | - Luis A Martinez-Lemus
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Jaume Padilla
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
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10
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Lee S, Kirkland R, Grunewald ZI, Sun Q, Wicker L, de La Serre CB. Beneficial Effects of Non-Encapsulated or Encapsulated Probiotic Supplementation on Microbiota Composition, Intestinal Barrier Functions, Inflammatory Profiles, and Glucose Tolerance in High Fat Fed Rats. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11091975. [PMID: 31443365 PMCID: PMC6769526 DOI: 10.3390/nu11091975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of obesity-associated comorbidities is related to chronic inflammation, which has been linked to gut microbiota dysbiosis. Thus, modulating gut microbiota composition could have positive effects for metabolic disorders, supporting the use of probiotics as potential therapeutics in vivo, which may be enhanced by a microencapsulation technique. Here we investigated the effects of non-encapsulated or pectin-encapsulated probiotic supplementation (Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei L. casei W8®; L. casei W8) on gut microbiota composition and metabolic profile in high-fat (HF) diet-fed rats. Four male Wistar rat groups (n = 8/group) were fed 10% low-fat, 45% HF, or HF with non-encapsulated or encapsulated L. casei W8 (4 × 107 CFU/g diet) diet for seven weeks. Microbiota composition, intestinal integrity, inflammatory profiles, and glucose tolerance were assessed. Non-encapsulated and pectin-encapsulated probiotic supplementation positively modulated gut microbiota composition in HF-fed male rats. These changes were associated with improvements in gut barrier functions and local and systemic inflammation by non-encapsulated probiotics and improvement in glucose tolerance by encapsulated probiotic treatment. Thus, these findings suggest the potential of using oral non-encapsulated or encapsulated probiotic supplementation to ameliorate obesity-associated metabolic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunhye Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, University of California Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Rebecca Kirkland
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Zachary I Grunewald
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Qingshen Sun
- College of Life Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Louise Wicker
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Louisiana State University AgCenter, 101 LSU Union Square, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Claire B de La Serre
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
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11
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Foote CA, Ghiarone T, Ramirez‐Perez FI, Kluser ARK, Grunewald ZI, Jurrissen TJ, Brown SM, Bender SB, Manrique‐Acevedo C, Aroor AR, Padilla J, Martinez‐Lemus LA. The targeted inhibition of neuraminidase reverses endothelial glycocalyx degradation and improves endothelial function in type 2 diabetes. FASEB J 2019. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.527.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Thaysa Ghiarone
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research CenterUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
| | | | - Allan RK Kluser
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research CenterUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
| | | | | | | | - Shawn B Bender
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research CenterUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
- Biomedical SciencesUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
- ResearchTruman VAColumbiaMO
| | | | | | - Jaume Padilla
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research CenterUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
- Nutrition and Exercise PhysiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
| | - Luis A Martinez‐Lemus
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research CenterUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
- Medical Pharmacology and PhysiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
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12
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Winn NC, Jurrissen TJ, Grunewald ZI, Cunningham RP, Woodford ML, Kanaley JA, Lubahn DB, Manrique-Acevedo C, Rector RS, Vieira-Potter VJ, Padilla J. Estrogen receptor-α signaling maintains immunometabolic function in males and is obligatory for exercise-induced amelioration of nonalcoholic fatty liver. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2019; 316:E156-E167. [PMID: 30512987 PMCID: PMC6397364 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00259.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The role of estrogen receptor-α (ERα) signaling in immunometabolic function is established in females. However, its necessity in males, while appreciated, requires further study. Accordingly, we first determined whether lower metabolic function in male mice compared with females is related to reduced ERα expression. ERα protein expression in metabolically active tissues was lower in males than in females, and this lower expression was associated with worse glucose tolerance. Second, we determined whether ERα is required for optimal immunometabolic function in male mice consuming a chow diet. Despite lower expression of ERα in males, its genetic ablation (KO) caused an insulin-resistant phenotype characterized by enhanced adiposity, glucose intolerance, hepatic steatosis, and metaflammation in adipose tissue and liver. Last, we determined whether ERα is essential for exercise-induced metabolic adaptations. Twelve-week-old wild-type (WT) and ERα KO mice either remained sedentary (SED) or were given access to running wheels (WR) for 10 wk while fed an obesogenic diet. Body weight and fat mass were lower in WR mice regardless of genotype. Daily exercise obliterated immune cell infiltration and inflammatory gene transcripts in adipose tissue in both genotypes. In the liver, however, wheel running suppressed hepatic steatosis and inflammatory gene transcripts in WT but not in KO mice. In conclusion, the present findings indicate that ERα is required for optimal immunometabolic function in male mice despite their reduced ERα protein expression in metabolically active tissues. Furthermore, for the first time, we show that ERα signaling appears to be obligatory for exercise-induced prevention of hepatic steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan C Winn
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri
| | - Thomas J Jurrissen
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri
| | - Zachary I Grunewald
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri
| | - Rory P Cunningham
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri
| | - Makenzie L Woodford
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri
| | - Jill A Kanaley
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri
| | - Dennis B Lubahn
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri
| | - Camila Manrique-Acevedo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri
| | - R Scott Rector
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri
- Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Hospital, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri
| | | | - Jaume Padilla
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri
- Department of Child Health, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri
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13
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Grunewald ZI, Lee S, Kirkland R, Ross M, de La Serre CB. Cannabinoid receptor type-1 partially mediates metabolic endotoxemia-induced inflammation and insulin resistance. Physiol Behav 2018; 199:282-291. [PMID: 30502357 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Circulating levels of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or endotoxin are chronically elevated in obesity (metabolic endotoxemia), resulting in low-grade inflammation. Metabolic endotoxemia has been identified as a triggering factor for obesity-associated metabolic complications such as insulin resistance. Furthermore, LPS has been shown to modulate endocannabinoid synthesis and notably to induce cannabinoid receptor type-1 (CB1) ligand synthesis. CB1 activation promotes inflammation, increases food intake and impairs insulin signaling. Therefore, we hypothesized that LPS acts through a CB1-dependent mechanism to aggravate inflammation and promote insulin resistance. Male Wistar rats fed a chow diet were implanted with mini-osmotic pumps delivering a low dose of LPS (n = 20; 12.5 μg/kg body weight (BW)/hr.) or saline (n = 10) continuously for six weeks. LPS-treated rats were injected daily with a CB1 antagonist (Rimonabant, SR141716A; 3 mg/kg, intraperitoneal (ip); LPS + CB1x; n = 10) or vehicle (1 mL/kg, LPS; n = 10). Control and LPS rats' food intake was matched to the LPS + CB1x group level. Despite no significant differences in body weight among groups, chronic exposure to low-level LPS altered hepatic endocannabinoid signaling, increased inflammation, and impaired insulin sensitivity and insulin clearance (P < 0.05). CB1 inhibition significantly attenuated LPS signaling (P < 0.05), which attenuated LPS-induced metabolic alterations. Therefore, we concluded that CB1 contributes to LPS-mediated inflammation and insulin resistance, suggesting that blocking CB1 signaling may have therapeutic benefits in reducing inflammation-induced metabolic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary I Grunewald
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| | - Sunhye Lee
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| | - Rebecca Kirkland
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| | - Matthew Ross
- Department of Basic Sciences, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA.
| | - Claire B de La Serre
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
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14
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Clookey SL, Welly RJ, Zidon TM, Gastecki ML, Woodford ML, Grunewald ZI, Winn NC, Eaton D, Karasseva NG, Sacks HS, Padilla J, Vieira-Potter VJ. Increased susceptibility to OVX-associated metabolic dysfunction in UCP1-null mice. J Endocrinol 2018; 239:107-120. [PMID: 30089681 PMCID: PMC7340174 DOI: 10.1530/joe-18-0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Premenopausal females are protected against adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance, until loss of ovarian hormone production (e.g., menopause). There is some evidence that females have greater brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenic capacity. Because BAT mass correlates inversely with insulin resistance, we hypothesized that increased uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) expression contributes to the superior metabolic health of females. Given that UCP1 transiently increases in BAT following ovariectomy (OVX), we hypothesized that UCP1 may 'buffer' OVX-mediated metabolic dysfunction. Accordingly, female UCP1-knockout (KO) and WT mice received OVX or sham (SHM) surgeries at 12 weeks of age creating four groups (n = 10/group), which were followed for 14 weeks and compared for body weight and adiposity, food intake, energy expenditure and spontaneous physical activity (metabolic chambers), insulin resistance (HOMA-IR, ADIPO-IR and glucose tolerance testing) and adipose tissue phenotype (histology, gene and protein expression). Two-way ANOVA was used to assess the main effects of genotype (G), OVX treatment (O) and genotype by treatment (GxO) interactions, which were considered significant when P ≤ 0.05. UCP1KO mice experienced a more adverse metabolic response to OVX than WT. Whereas OVX-induced weight gain was not synergistically greater for KO compared to WT (GxO, NS), OVX-induced insulin resistance was significantly exacerbated in KO compared to WT (GxO for HOMA-IR, P < 0.05). These results suggest UCP1 is protective against metabolic dysfunction associated with loss of ovarian hormones and support the need for more research into therapeutics to selectively target UCP1 for prevention and treatment of metabolic dysfunction following ovarian hormone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L. Clookey
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University
of Missouri, Columbia
| | - Rebecca J. Welly
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University
of Missouri, Columbia
| | - Terese M. Zidon
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University
of Missouri, Columbia
| | - Michelle L. Gastecki
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University
of Missouri, Columbia
| | - Makenzie L. Woodford
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University
of Missouri, Columbia
| | - Zachary I. Grunewald
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University
of Missouri, Columbia
| | - Nathan C. Winn
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University
of Missouri, Columbia
| | | | | | - Harold S. Sacks
- Endocrine and Diabetes Division, Veterans Greater Los
Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jaume Padilla
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University
of Missouri, Columbia
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of
Missouri, Columbia, MO
- Department of Child Health, University of Missouri,
Columbia, MO
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15
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Jurrissen TJ, Grunewald ZI, Ball JR, Ramirez‐Perez FI, Woodford ML, Aroor AR, Ayedun LA, Winn NC, Paradis P, Schiffrin EL, Martinez‐Lemus LA, Padilla J. Regular exercise reduces adipose tissue inflammation and improves glycemic control in Western diet‐fed mice despite hyperendothelinemia. FASEB J 2018. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2018.32.1_supplement.lb570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Jurrissen
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise PhysiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
| | - Zachary I Grunewald
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise PhysiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
| | - James R Ball
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise PhysiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
| | | | - Makenzie L Woodford
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise PhysiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
| | - Annayya R Aroor
- Harry S. Truman Veterans Affair Medical CenterUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
| | - Lolade A Ayedun
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise PhysiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
| | - Nathan C Winn
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise PhysiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
| | - Pierre Paradis
- Hypertension and Vascular Research UnitLady Davis Institute for Medical ResearchMontrealCanada
| | - Ernesto L Schiffrin
- Hypertension and Vascular Research UnitLady Davis Institute for Medical ResearchMontrealCanada
- Department of MedicineMcGill UniversityMontrealCanada
| | | | - Jaume Padilla
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise PhysiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
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16
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Lee S, Keirsey KI, Kirkland R, Grunewald ZI, Fischer JG, de La Serre CB. Blueberry Supplementation Influences the Gut Microbiota, Inflammation, and Insulin Resistance in High-Fat-Diet-Fed Rats. J Nutr 2018; 148:209-219. [PMID: 29490092 PMCID: PMC6251676 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxx027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gut microbiota dysbiosis has been linked to obesity-associated chronic inflammation. Microbiota manipulation may therefore affect obesity-related comorbidities. Blueberries are rich in anthocyanins, which have anti-inflammatory properties and may alter the gut microbiota. Objective We hypothesized that blueberry supplementation would alter the gut microbiota, reduce systemic inflammation, and improve insulin resistance in high-fat (HF)-diet-fed rats. Methods Twenty-four male Wistar rats (260-270 g; n = 8/group) were fed low-fat (LF; 10% fat), HF (45% fat), or HF with 10% by weight blueberry powder (HF_BB) diets for 8 wk. LF rats were fed ad libitum, whereas HF and HF_BB rats were pair-fed with diets matched for fiber and sugar contents. Glucose tolerance, microbiota composition (16S ribosomal RNA sequencing), intestinal integrity [villus height, gene expression of mucin 2 (Muc2) and β-defensin 2 (Defb2)], and inflammation (gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines) were assessed. Results Blueberry altered microbiota composition with an increase in Gammaproteobacteria abundance (P < 0.001) compared with LF and HF rats. HF feeding led to an ∼15% decrease in ileal villus height compared with LF rats (P < 0.05), which was restored by blueberry supplementation. Ileal gene expression of Muc2 was ∼150% higher in HF_BB rats compared with HF rats (P < 0.05), with expression in the LF group not being different from that in either the HF or HF_BB groups. Tumor necrosis factor α (Tnfa) and interleukin 1β (Il1b) gene expression in visceral fat was increased by HF feeding when compared with the LF group (by 300% and 500%, respectively; P < 0.05) and normalized by blueberry supplementation. Finally, blueberry improved markers of insulin sensitivity. Hepatic insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) phosphorylation at serine 307:IRS1 ratio was ∼35% higher in HF rats compared with LF rats (P < 0.05) and HF_BB rats. Conclusion In HF-diet-fed male rats, blueberry supplementation led to compositional changes in the gut microbiota associated with improvements in systemic inflammation and insulin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunhye Lee
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | | | - Rebecca Kirkland
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | | | - Joan G Fischer
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Claire B de La Serre
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens, GA,Address correspondence to CBdLS (e-mail: )
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17
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Jurrissen TJ, Olver TD, Winn NC, Grunewald ZI, Lin GS, Hiemstra JA, Edwards JC, Gastecki ML, Welly RJ, Emter CA, Vieira-Potter, VJ, Padilla J. Endothelial dysfunction occurs independently of adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance in ovariectomized Yucatan miniature-swine. Adipocyte 2018; 7:35-44. [PMID: 29283284 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2017.1405191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In rodents, experimentally-induced ovarian hormone deficiency increases adiposity and adipose tissue (AT) inflammation, which is thought to contribute to insulin resistance and increased cardiovascular disease risk. However, whether this occurs in a translationally-relevant large animal model remains unknown. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that ovariectomy would promote visceral and perivascular AT (PVAT) inflammation, as well as subsequent insulin resistance and peripheral vascular dysfunction in female swine. At sexual maturity (7 months of age), female Yucatan mini-swine either remained intact (control, n = 9) or were ovariectomized (OVX, n = 7). All pigs were fed standard chow (15-20 g/kg), and were euthanized 6 months post-surgery. Uterine mass and plasma estradiol levels were decreased by ∼10-fold and 2-fold, respectively, in OVX compared to control pigs. Body mass, glucose homeostasis, and markers of insulin resistance were not different between control and OVX pigs; however, OVX animals exhibited greater plasma triglycerides and triglyceride:HDL ratio. Ovariectomy enhanced visceral adipocyte expansion, although this was not accompanied by brachial artery PVAT adipocyte expansion, AT inflammation in either depot, or increased systemic inflammation assessed by plasma C-reactive protein concentrations. Despite the lack of AT inflammation and insulin resistance, OVX pigs exhibited depressed brachial artery endothelial-dependent vasorelaxation, which was rescued with blockade of endothelin receptor A. Together, these findings indicate that in female Yucatan mini-swine, increased AT inflammation and insulin resistance are not required for loss of ovarian hormones to induce endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J. Jurrissen
- Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - T. Dylan Olver
- Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Nathan C. Winn
- Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Zachary I. Grunewald
- Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Gabriela S. Lin
- Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Biology, Barry University, Miami, FL, United States
| | | | - Jenna C. Edwards
- Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Michelle L. Gastecki
- Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Rebecca J. Welly
- Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Craig A. Emter
- Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | | | - Jaume Padilla
- Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Child Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
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18
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Grunewald ZI, Winn NC, Gastecki ML, Woodford ML, Ball JR, Hansen SA, Sacks HS, Vieira-Potter VJ, Padilla J. Removal of interscapular brown adipose tissue increases aortic stiffness despite normal systemic glucose metabolism in mice. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2017; 314:R584-R597. [PMID: 29351429 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00332.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is considered protective against obesity and related cardiometabolic dysfunction. Indeed, activation of BAT improves glucose homeostasis and attenuates cardiovascular disease development. However, whether a reduction in BAT mass perturbs metabolic function and increases risk for cardiovascular disease remains largely unknown. To address this question, C57BL/6J male mice underwent a sham procedure or surgical bilateral excision of interscapular BAT (iBATx) and were fed a normal chow or a Western diet for 18 wk, creating four groups ( n = 10/group). Mice were housed at 25°C. As expected, the Western diet increased final body weight and adiposity; however, contrary to our hypothesis, iBATx did not potentiate adiposity independent of diet. Furthermore, iBATx did not affect indexes of glycemic control (HbA1c, fasting glucose and insulin, and glucose area under the curve during a glucose tolerance test) and produced minimal-to-no effects on lipid homeostasis. The absence of metabolic disturbances with iBATx was not attributed to regrowth of iBAT or a "browning" or proliferative compensatory response of other BAT depots. Notably, iBATx caused an increase in aortic stiffness in normal chow-fed mice only, which was associated with an increase in aortic uncoupling protein-1. Collectively, we demonstrated that, at 25°C (i.e., limited thermal stress conditions), a substantial reduction in BAT mass via iBATx does not disrupt systemic glucose metabolism, challenging the current dogma that preservation of BAT is obligatory for optimal metabolic function. However, iBATx caused aortic stiffening in lean mice, hence supporting the existence of an interplay between iBAT and aortic stiffness, independent of alterations in glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary I Grunewald
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri
| | - Nathan C Winn
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri
| | - Michelle L Gastecki
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri
| | - Makenzie L Woodford
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri
| | - James R Ball
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri
| | - Sarah A Hansen
- Office of Animal Resources, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri
| | - Harold S Sacks
- Endocrine and Diabetes Division, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Jaume Padilla
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri.,Child Health, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri
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19
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Olver TD, Grunewald ZI, Jurrissen TJ, MacPherson REK, LeBlanc PJ, Schnurbusch TR, Czajkowski AM, Laughlin MH, Rector RS, Bender SB, Walters EM, Emter CA, Padilla J. Microvascular insulin resistance in skeletal muscle and brain occurs early in the development of juvenile obesity in pigs. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2017; 314:R252-R264. [PMID: 29141949 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00213.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Impaired microvascular insulin signaling may develop before overt indices of microvascular endothelial dysfunction and represent an early pathological feature of adolescent obesity. Using a translational porcine model of juvenile obesity, we tested the hypotheses that in the early stages of obesity development, impaired insulin signaling manifests in skeletal muscle (triceps), brain (prefrontal cortex), and corresponding vasculatures, and that depressed insulin-induced vasodilation is reversible with acute inhibition of protein kinase Cβ (PKCβ). Juvenile Ossabaw miniature swine (3.5 mo of age) were divided into two groups: lean control ( n = 6) and obese ( n = 6). Obesity was induced by feeding the animals a high-fat/high-fructose corn syrup/high-cholesterol diet for 10 wk. Juvenile obesity was characterized by excess body mass, hyperglycemia, physical inactivity (accelerometer), and marked lipid accumulation in the skeletal muscle, with no evidence of overt atherosclerotic lesions in athero-prone regions, such as the abdominal aorta. Endothelium-dependent (bradykinin) and -independent (sodium nitroprusside) vasomotor responses in the brachial and carotid arteries (wire myography), as well as in the skeletal muscle resistance and 2A pial arterioles (pressure myography) were unaltered, but insulin-induced microvascular vasodilation was impaired in the obese group. Blunted insulin-stimulated vasodilation, which was reversed with acute PKCβ inhibition (LY333-531), occurred alongside decreased tissue perfusion, as well as reduced insulin-stimulated Akt signaling in the prefrontal cortex, but not the triceps. In the early stages of juvenile obesity development, the microvasculature and prefrontal cortex exhibit impaired insulin signaling. Such adaptations may underscore vascular and neurological derangements associated with juvenile obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Dylan Olver
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri
| | - Zachary I Grunewald
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri
| | - Thomas J Jurrissen
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri
| | | | - Paul J LeBlanc
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University , St. Catharines, Ontario , Canada
| | - Teagan R Schnurbusch
- National Swine Resource and Research Center University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri
| | - Alana M Czajkowski
- National Swine Resource and Research Center University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri
| | - M Harold Laughlin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri
| | - R Scott Rector
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri.,Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Affairs Hospital , Columbia, Missouri.,Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri
| | - Shawn B Bender
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri.,Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Affairs Hospital , Columbia, Missouri
| | - Eric M Walters
- National Swine Resource and Research Center University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri
| | - Craig A Emter
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri
| | - Jaume Padilla
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri.,Department of Child Health, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri
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20
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Winn NC, Grunewald ZI, Gastecki ML, Woodford ML, Welly RJ, Clookey SL, Ball JR, Gaines TL, Karasseva NG, Kanaley JA, Sacks HS, Vieira-Potter VJ, Padilla J. Deletion of UCP1 enhances ex vivo aortic vasomotor function in female but not male mice despite similar susceptibility to metabolic dysfunction. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2017; 313:E402-E412. [PMID: 28655717 PMCID: PMC5668596 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00096.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Females are typically more insulin sensitive than males, which may be partly attributed to greater brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity and uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) content. Accordingly, we tested the hypothesis that UCP1 deletion would abolish sex differences in insulin sensitivity and that whitening of thoracic periaortic BAT caused by UCP1 loss would be accompanied with impaired thoracic aortic function. Furthermore, because UCP1 exerts antioxidant effects, we examined whether UCP1 deficiency-induced metabolic dysfunction was mediated by oxidative stress. Compared with males, female mice had lower HOMA- and AT-insulin resistance (IR) despite no significant differences in BAT UCP1 content. UCP1 ablation increased HOMA-IR, AT-IR, and whitening of BAT in both sexes. Expression of UCP1 in thoracic aorta was greater in wild-type females compared with males. Importantly, deletion of UCP1 enhanced aortic vasomotor function in females only. UCP1 ablation did not promote oxidative stress in interscapular BAT. Furthermore, daily administration of the free radical scavenger tempol for 8 wk did not abrogate UCP1 deficiency-induced increases in adiposity, hyperinsulinemia, or liver steatosis. Collectively, we report that 1) in normal chow-fed mice housed at 25°C, aortic UCP1 content was greater in females than males and its deletion improved ex vivo aortic vasomotor function in females only; 2) constitutive UCP1 content in BAT was similar between females and males and loss of UCP1 did not abolish sex differences in insulin sensitivity; and 3) the metabolic disruptions caused by UCP1 ablation did not appear to be contingent upon increased oxidative stress in mice under normal dietary conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan C Winn
- Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Zachary I Grunewald
- Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Michelle L Gastecki
- Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Makenzie L Woodford
- Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Rebecca J Welly
- Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Stephanie L Clookey
- Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - James R Ball
- Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - T'Keaya L Gaines
- Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | | | - Jill A Kanaley
- Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Harold S Sacks
- Endocrine and Diabetes Division, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System and Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Jaume Padilla
- Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri;
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri; and
- Child Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
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21
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Winn NC, Grunewald ZI, Liu Y, Heden TD, Nyhoff LM, Kanaley JA. Plasma Irisin Modestly Increases during Moderate and High-Intensity Afternoon Exercise in Obese Females. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170690. [PMID: 28125733 PMCID: PMC5268488 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Irisin is an exercise-responsive myokine that has been proposed to exert anti-obesity benefits; yet its response during exercise in obese women is not described. This study characterized plasma irisin levels during a single bout of afternoon isocaloric-exercise of different intensities (moderate- vs high-intensity) in obese females. METHODS Eleven obese females participated in 3 randomized study days beginning at 1600h: 1) no exercise (NoEx), 2) moderate exercise (ModEx; 55%VO2max) and 3) high intensity interval exercise (IntEx; 4 min (80%VO2max)/3 min (50% VO2max). Frequent blood samples were analyzed for glucose and lactate (whole-blood), and insulin, c-peptide, glucagon, and irisin (plasma) throughout 190 min of testing. RESULTS Plasma irisin increased above baseline during ModEx and IntEx (P<0.05), but not NoEx (P>0.05). Peak irisin levels during ModEx and IntEx exercise were 11.9± 3.4% and 12.3 ± 4.1% relative to baseline (P<0.05), respectively, with no differences between exercise intensities (P>0.05). Irisin levels remained elevated above resting for 125 minutes post-exercise during ModEx, whereas levels returned to baseline within 15 minutes post-exercise during IntEx. Similarly, no associations were found between plasma irisin levels and circulating lactate, glucose, insulin, c-peptide, or glucagon among study days (P>0.05). However, there was an inverse association between basal irisin and lean mass (r = -0.70, P = 0.01). CONCLUSION A single bout of moderate and high intensity afternoon exercise induces modest increases in circulating irisin concentrations during exercise; however the regulation post-exercise appears to be dimorphic between exercise intensity in obese females. Future studies are needed to compare morning and afternoon exercise on irisin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan C. Winn
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Zachary I. Grunewald
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Timothy D. Heden
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute and Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Lauren M. Nyhoff
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Jill A. Kanaley
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
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