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NIEBURGS HE, GLASS GB. Gastric-cell maturation disorders in atrophic gastritis, pernicious anemia, and carcinoma. Histologic site of origin and diagnostic significance of abnormal cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998; 8:135-59. [PMID: 13938480 DOI: 10.1007/bf02232657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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BOUNOUS G, HAMPSON LG, GURD FN. CELLULAR NUCLEOTIDES IN HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK: RELATIONSHIP OF INTESTINAL METABOLIC CHANGES TO HEMORRHAGIC ENTERITIS AND THE BARRIER FUNCTION OF INTESTINAL MUCOSA. Ann Surg 1996; 160:650-68. [PMID: 14210367 PMCID: PMC1408888 DOI: 10.1097/00000658-196410000-00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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DESCHNER E, LEWIS CM, LIPKIN M. IN VITRO STUDY OF HUMAN RECTAL EPITHELIAL CELLS. I. ATYPICAL ZONE OF H3 THYMIDINE INCORPORATION IN MUCOSA OF MULTIPLE POLYPOSIS. J Clin Invest 1996; 42:1922-8. [PMID: 14086779 PMCID: PMC289480 DOI: 10.1172/jci104878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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TOIVONEN S, PITKAENEN E, SIURALA M. COLLAGEN DISEASE ASSOCIATED WITH INTESTINAL MALABSORPTION AND SPRUE-LIKE CHANGES IN THE INTESTINAL MUCOSA. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996; 175:91-5. [PMID: 14110642 DOI: 10.1111/j.0954-6820.1964.tb00554.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Abstract
Cell surfaces in the duodenal mucosa have been studied in maturing tissue of the chick from incubation until hatching. Changes in the distribution of mitoses in this tissue give an indication of its rate of maturation. This rate is paralleled in developmental changes in microvilli and junctional complexes. Concentration of mitotic figures towards the base of villous folds is gradual from day 9 to day 16, then rapid to day 19, after which the mature pattern is acquired. By day 11, microvilli appear in a regular pattern which does not alter through hatching. Their height remains the same to day 16 when it increases gradually to day 19, then very sharply. The angle formed between the microvilli and the cell surface increases gradually to day 16, giving evidence of advancing internal structure. Changes in cell adhesion also occur at day 16. Thereafter, following trypsin treatment cells are held together in patches by the tight junctions of the terminal bar, although the desmosomes are separated. The timing of these morphological changes is compared with that of alkaline phosphatase accumulation in this tissue as reported by Moog (13). Increase in the surface area of the microvilli parallels the increase in the activity of the enzyme.
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ROBINSON JW, JEQUIER JC, FELBER JP, MIRKOVITCH V. AMINO ACID ABSORPTION BY THE INTESTINAL MUCOSA. ITS DEPENDENCE ON THE BLOOD SUPPLY AND ITS RECOVERY AFTER ISCHEMIA. J Surg Res 1996; 5:150-2. [PMID: 14279209 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-4804(65)80028-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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MCCARTHY CF, BORLAND JL, LYNCH HJ, OWEN EE, TYOR MP. DEFECTIVE UPTAKE OF BASIC AMINO ACIDS AND L-CYSTINE BY INTESTINAL MUCOSA OF PATIENTS WITH CYSTINURIA. J Clin Invest 1996; 43:1518-24. [PMID: 14201536 PMCID: PMC441952 DOI: 10.1172/jci105028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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ROSEN H, LEAF A, SCHWARTZ WB. DIFFUSION OF WEAK ACIDS ACROSS THE TOAD BLADDER. INFLUENCE OF PH ON NON-IONIC PERMEABILITY COEFFICIENTS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996; 48:379-89. [PMID: 14225264 PMCID: PMC2195415 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.48.2.379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Studies have been carried out, using the toad bladder, to determine the influence of pH on the permeability coefficients (Ktrans) of the non-ionic species of (a) a series of aliphatic acids ranging from propionic to octanoic and (b) the aromatic acids, benzoic and acetylsalicylic. The data demonstrate that as the acidity of the mucosal bathing solution is increased by changing pH from 6 to 4, the fluxes of propionic, butyric, and acetylsalicylic acids increase in direct proportion to the increase in the calculated non-ionic concentration; the permeability coefficients, therefore, remain constant. However, the fluxes of the six, seven, and eight carbon aliphatic acids and benzoic acid rise only slightly despite an almost tenfold increase in non-ionic concentration, the Ktrans falling from approximately 20,000 x 10-7 cm sec.-1 at pH 6 to approximately 2500 x 10-1 cm sec.-1 at pH 4. It has been tentatively proposed that the common characteristic of the compounds exhibiting this anomalous behavior is their non-polarity and high degree of lipid solubility. Possible explanations for the differences observed between the more lipid-soluble and less lipid-soluble compounds have been considered.
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PLAYOUST MR, ISSELBACHER KJ. STUDIES ON THE INTESTINAL ABSORPTION AND INTRAMUCOSAL LIPOLYSIS OF A MEDIUM CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDE. J Clin Invest 1996; 43:878-85. [PMID: 14169516 PMCID: PMC289566 DOI: 10.1172/jci104973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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HUCK RA, CARTWRIGHT SF. ISOLATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF VIRUSES FROM CATTLE DURING OUTBREAKS OF MUCOSAL OR RESPIRATORY DISEASE AND FROM HERDS WITH REPRODUCTIVE DISORDERS. J Comp Pathol 1996; 74:346-65. [PMID: 14198345 DOI: 10.1016/s0368-1742(64)80041-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Abstract
The spontaneous transtissue potential and the DC conductance of the isolated toad bladder were measured when the tissue was exposed to sulfate Ringer's solutions of modified ionic composition. Na(+) was replaced to varying extents by (C(2)H(5))(3)NH(+), (C(2)H(5))(4)N(+), Li(+), Cs(+), K(+), or Rb(+). Reversible and irreversible changes were observed. The reversible changes were consistent with equations derived from the Nernst-Planck diffusion equation, and gave the following functional description of the bladder: (a) the potential measurements were compatible with two membranes in series; (b) the mucosal surface was more permeable to Na(+) than to other monovalent cations; (c) the serosal surface was permeable to both K(+) and Na(+) but preferentially to K(+); (d) the rate of Na(+) diffusion across the mucosal membrane appeared to approach a maximum but two alternative interpretations are discussed; (e) the conductance data were consistent with the assumption of a constant concentration gradient for the penetrating ions within the membrane (Henderson's assumption) provided suitable hypotheses are made concerning the Na(+) distribution between the membrane surfaces and the bulk phases of the adjacent solutions; (f) the conductance and spontaneous potential data suggested that the mucosal membranes of a small fraction of the epithelial cells were more permeable than the mucosal membranes of the majority of these cells. The irreversible changes were almost entirely associated with cation substitution in the serosal solution. However, Li(+) produced an irreversible fall in voltage when added to either side of the tissue.
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Abstract
Mucosal membranes from the small intestine of the dog were stripped and mounted for study between two bathing fluids, as previously described. The relationship between urea and water transport, including uphill movement of urea in the direction of water flow, was that expected from a combination of bulk flow and diffusion. If sieving was present, it was minor. Results for downhill movement of D2O, the isotopic water treated as a solute, were comparable to those for urea.
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Abstract
The fecal excretion of total nitrogen and of total hexosamines has been determined in germfree and conventional rats. Germfree rats excreted more hexosamines than the conventional rats, while no difference in the nitrogen excretion was found. Infection of the germfree rats with a normal flora resulted in a temporarily increased excretion of hexosamines and nitrogen over a period of 2 to 3 days after which they reached the level of the conventional animals. The contents of the germfree cecum contained 65 to 137 mg of hexosamines and 57 to 127 mg of nitrogen as compared to 1.2 to 5.3 and 7.4 to 23 mg in conventional animals. The high figures for hexosamines were due to an increase in the total amount of contents in the cecum and to a fivefold increase in the concentration of hexosamine-containing material. Studies on the distribution of hexosamine-containing cecal contents between sediment and supernatant after centrifugation at 20,000 g for 2 hours demonstrated that 5 to 10 per cent of the hexosamines occurred in the sediment in the germfree rats, while 75 to 85 per cent was found in this fraction in the conventional rats. The soluble part of the cecal contents in germfree as well as in the conventional rats contained 70 per cent of hexosamines in molecules with a molecular weight above approximatively 100,000 as found by gel filtration experiments on sephadex gels. The higher weight of the germfree cecal wall was reflected in a high total amount of nitrogen and hexosamines. Isolated strains of bacteria capable of reducing the cecal size in vivo did not show any capacity to degrade the mucus in vitro in a test system, where a full intestinal flora was highly active.
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PRASAD KN, OSBORNE JW. INFLUENCE OF BETA-MERCAPTOETHYLAMINE, MESENTERIC VESSEL CLAMPING AND PH ON INTESTINAL ABSORPTION OF FE50 IN RATS. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 1996; 114:523-7. [PMID: 14101231 DOI: 10.3181/00379727-114-28722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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PETERSON M, LEBLOND CP. SYNTHESIS OF COMPLEX CARBOHYDRATES IN THE GOLGI REGION, AS SHOWN BY RADIOAUTOGRAPHY AFTER INJECTION OF LABELED GLUCOSE. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996; 21:143-8. [PMID: 14154488 PMCID: PMC2106424 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.21.1.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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GITZELMANN R, DAVIDSON EA, OSINCHAK J. DISACCHARIDASE OF RABBIT SMALL INTESTINE: INTRACELLULAR DISTRIBUTION, SOLUBILIZATION, PURIFICATION AND SPECIFICITY. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996; 85:69-81. [PMID: 14159304 DOI: 10.1016/0926-6569(64)90168-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Abstract
Co57-labeled B12 tube fed to guinea pigs with normal human gastric juice has been found in both the supernatant and sediment of a saline extract of intestinal mucosa. The Co57-labeled material in the supernatant was excluded from Sephadex G-25, was not ultrafiltrable, and functioned as an intrinsic factor-B12-Co57 complex in an in vitro assay for intrinsic factor activity.
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Abstract
A method of simultaneously determining the rates of loss of Na24 across the mucosal and serosal surfaces of the isolated toad bladder is described. The addition of vasopressin to the serosal medium causes an abrupt increase in the efflux of Na24 across the mucosal boundary, with no significant change in the efflux across the serosal surface. Replacement of sodium in the mucosal medium with choline causes no change in the efflux of Na24 across either the mucosal or serosal surfaces. The results indicate that the stimulation of active transport of sodium across the bladder after vasopressin is the result solely of an increase in the permeability to sodium of the mucosal surface. Vasopressin does not act directly on the active transport step at the serosal surface. In addition, the saturation kinetics which describe the process of sodium entry at the mucosal boundary are not the result of an exchange diffusion process, and appear not to be due to a sodium-induced change in the permeability of this surface to sodium.
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DALHAMN T, SJOEHOLM J. STUDIES ON SO2, NO2 AND NH3: EFFECT ON CILIARY ACTIVITY IN RABBIT TRACHEA OF SINGLE IN VITRO EXPOSURE AND RESORPTION IN RABBIT NASAL CAVITY. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996; 58:287-91. [PMID: 14078648 DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.1963.tb02651.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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LUKETIC GC, MYREN J, SACHS G, HIRSCHOWITZ BI. EFFECT OF THERAPEUTIC DOSES OF COLCHICINE ON OXIDATIVE ENZYMES IN THE INTESTINE. Nature 1996; 202:608-9. [PMID: 14195077 DOI: 10.1038/202608a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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DAITO T, NONAKA Y. [CLINICAL STUDY OF TRACHEAL RESPIRATION AND ITS EFFECT ON HUMAN BODY IN CASES OF TOTALLY LARYNGECTOMIZED PATIENTS. 1. TEMPERATURE ON THE MUCOSAL SURFACE OF TRACHEA AND BRONCHI]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996; 67:1009-14. [PMID: 14203902 DOI: 10.3950/jibiinkoka.67.7_1009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Abstract
Richardson, Marvis (Michigan State University, East Lansing), and Jane N. Holt. Multiplication of Brucella in cultured lymphoid and nonlymphoid cells. J. Bacteriol. 88:1163-1168. 1964.-Growth curves were established for the multiplication of Brucella abortus in cultured bovine cells. The number of viable brucellae was determined by colony count after lysis of the parasitized tissue cells. It was found that the number of brucellae dropped during the first 3 to 6 hr. This was followed by intracellular growth. Brucellae multiplied in uterine mucosal and fetal skin cells at an exponential rate with a 4-hr generation time. In contrast, only limited multiplication occurred in spleen cell cultures, usually approaching the stationary phase by 20 to 30 hr. Preliminary results indicated an average generation time of 8 hr in calf spleen cells. Differences were apparent in the ability of spleen cells from individual calves to support intracellular growth. This suggests that a relationship may exist between the establishment of intracellular pathogens in vitro and the natural resistance of the animal. By the use of fluorescein-labeled antisera, some insight was gained into the fate of brucellae in lymphoid cells. Fluorescent antisera stained intact brucellae and also revealed soluble antigen in the cytoplasm of reticularlike cells.
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