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Xu Z, Chen P, Yan R, Chen G, Qian J, Zhu G, Chen M, Guo Y. Antenna-Biased Odorant Receptor PstrOR17 Mediates Attraction of Phyllotreta striolata to (S)-Cis-Verbenol and (-)-Verbenone. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4362. [PMID: 38673947 PMCID: PMC11049977 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Phyllotreta striolata, the striped flea beetle, is one of the most destructive pests in Brassicaceae plants worldwide. Given the drawbacks associated with long-term use of chemical insecticides, green strategies based on chemical ecology are an effective alternative for beetle control. However, the lack of information on beetle ecology has hindered the development of effective biocontrol strategies. In this report, we identified two odorants, (S)-cis-verbenol and (-)-verbenone, which displayed significant attraction for P. striolata (p < 0.05), indicating their great potential for P. striolata management. Using the Drosophila "empty neuron" system, an antenna-biased odorant receptor, PstrOR17, was identified as responsible for the detection of (-)-verbenone and (S)-cis-verbenol. Furthermore, the interactions between PstrOR17 and (-)-verbenone or (S)-cis-verbenol were predicted via modeling and molecular docking. Finally, we used RNAi to confirm that PstrOR17 is essential for the detection of (-)-verbenone and (S)-cis-verbenol to elicit an attraction effect. Our results not only lay a foundation for the development of new and effective nonchemical insecticide strategies based on (S)-cis-verbenol and (-)-verbenone, but also provide new insight into the molecular basis of odorant recognition in P. striolata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanyi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Z.X.); (P.C.); (J.Q.); (G.Z.)
| | - Peitong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Z.X.); (P.C.); (J.Q.); (G.Z.)
| | - Ru Yan
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Guoxing Chen
- Key Lab for Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests and Their Ecological Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China;
| | - Jiali Qian
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Z.X.); (P.C.); (J.Q.); (G.Z.)
| | - Guonian Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Z.X.); (P.C.); (J.Q.); (G.Z.)
| | - Mengli Chen
- Key Lab for Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests and Their Ecological Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China;
| | - Yirong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Z.X.); (P.C.); (J.Q.); (G.Z.)
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Chen W, Yuan W, He R, Pu X, Hu Q, Weng Q. Screening of Fungal Strains and Formulations of Metarhizium anisopliae to Control Phyllotreta striolata in Chinese Flowering Cabbage. Insects 2023; 14:567. [PMID: 37367383 DOI: 10.3390/insects14060567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: The cabbage flea beetle (CFB; Phyllotreta striolata) seriously damages the production of Chinese flowering cabbage (CFC; Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis var. utilis), which is a key leafy vegetable in South China. A large number of chemical insecticides have been sprayed to control this pest; as a result, residues and resistances are becoming an issue. It is necessary to develop biocontrol technologies to address this issue. (2) Methods: Fungal strains were selected based on bioactivity against CFB, and CFC seed pelletization with fungal conidia was subject to evaluation of control efficacy against CFB. The effective mixture of fungus and chemical insecticide was determined based on safety and joint toxicology tests. (3) Results: The screening of 103 strains from 14 genera identified the Metarhizium anisopliae strain MaGX19S02 (Ma) as the one with the highest virulence. The LC50s of Ma to CFB adult and second instar larvae on day 9 post-treatment were 3.04 × 106 and 27.2 × 106 spores/mL, respectively. In the pot test, the pelletization of CFC seeds with Ma conidia (50/25/12.5 mg in 1 g seed with 4 g fillers) demonstrated significant CFB mortalities (45-82%) 20 days after the larvae were introduced. In the field test, the seed pelletization achieved 57-81% control efficacy 14 days after sowing. Furthermore, the combination of Ma with chlorfenapyr (Chl) demonstrated a synergistic effect against CFB; based on this result, we prepared the mixture formulation of 20% Ma-Chl wettable powder (WP). The assessment of the effects of 20% Ma-Chl WP (500× diluent) against CFB revealed 93.33% mortality in the pot test and 61.3% control efficacy in the field test on day 7 post-treatment. (4) Conclusions: The findings demonstrate the potential of Ma to control CFB in the field. Seed pelletization with Ma conidia effectively controlled CFB larvae and protected CFC seedlings, wherein a mixture formulation of 20% Ma-Chl WP had substantial efficacy in controlling CFB adults. Our research provides new methods for CFB biocontrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wenjing Yuan
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Renkun He
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xinhua Pu
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qiongbo Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qunfang Weng
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Guo M, Gao R, Nanda S, Li Y, Guo C, Zhou X, Zhang Y, Yang C, Pan H. RNAi assays in the striped flea beetle ( Phyllotreta striolata) suggest Psγ-COPI and PsArf1COPI as potential molecular targets for pest control. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2023; 193:105428. [PMID: 37248006 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Phyllotreta striolata (Fabricius), commonly known as the striped flea beetle (SFB), is a notorious insect pest that attacks Brassicaceae plants worldwide, leading to tremendous economic losses. RNA interference (RNAi) has been proposed as a promising strategy for sustainable and eco-friendly pest control. In this study, a total of nine housekeeping genes including PsVATPA, PsHSP90, PsEF1A, PsRPL6, PsRPS24, PsActin, PsTUBA, PsRPS18, and PsRPL4 were evaluated under four different conditions (organization, population, sex, and RNAi). PsEF1A and PsVATPA were identified as the best reference genes for RNAi bioassay. Furthermore, a total of 24 target genes were selected to investigate their RNAi effects in SFB adults with double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs), five of them showed significant mortality (28.00% to 70.00%), namely Psα-COPI, Psβ-COPI, PsRPS18, Psγ-COPI, and PsArf1COPI. We found that gene transcript levels of the two most lethal genes, Psγ-COPI and PsArf1COPI, were significantly decreased after treated with the target dsRNAs either by feeding or injection method. The findings from this study demonstrated that the introduction of dsRNAs via oral feedings or injection induces the RNAi-mediated silencing of target genes and can lead to insect mortality. Overall, the identified target genes can be explored in developing RNAi-based insecticides for SFB control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mujuan Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ran Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Satyabrata Nanda
- MS Swaminathan School of Agriculture, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Paralakhemundi, 761200, India
| | - Yingqiu Li
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Changfei Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xuguo Zhou
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, 40546, USA
| | - Youjun Zhang
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chunxiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Huipeng Pan
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Chen D, Yan R, Xu Z, Qian J, Yu Y, Zhu S, Wu H, Zhu G, Chen M. Silencing of dre4 Contributes to Mortality of Phyllotreta striolata. Insects 2022; 13:insects13111072. [PMID: 36421975 PMCID: PMC9696999 DOI: 10.3390/insects13111072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The striped flea beetle, Phyllotreta striolata, is one of the most destructive pests of Cruciferae crops worldwide. RNA interference (RNAi) is a promising alternative strategy for pest biological control, which overcomes the weakness of synthetic insecticides, such as pest resistance, food safety problems and toxicity to non-target insects. The homolog of Spt16/FACT, dre4 plays a critical role in the process of gene transcription, DNA repair, and DNA replication; however, the effects of dre4 silencing in P. striolata remain elusive. In this study, we cloned and characterized the full-length dre4 from P. striolata and silenced Psdre4 through microinjection and oral delivery; it was found that the silencing of dre4 contributed to the high mortality of P. striolata in both bioassays. Moreover, 1166 differentially regulated genes were identified after Psdre4 interference by RNA-seq analysis, which might have been responsible for the lethality. The GO analysis indicated that the differentially regulated genes were classified into three GO functional categories, including biological process, cellular component, and molecular function. The KEGG analysis revealed that these differentially regulated genes are related to apoptosis, autophagy, steroid hormone biosynthesis, cytochrome P450 and other signaling pathways. Our results suggest that Psdre4 is a fatal RNAi target and has significant potential for the development of RNA pesticides for P. striolata management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongping Chen
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310030, China
| | - Ru Yan
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310030, China
| | - Zhanyi Xu
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310030, China
| | - Jiali Qian
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310030, China
| | - Yinfang Yu
- Research and Development Center, NeoAgro Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Shunshun Zhu
- Research and Development Center, NeoAgro Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Huiming Wu
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Guonian Zhu
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310030, China
| | - Mengli Chen
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
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Li J, Chen Y, He Y, Zheng L, Fu J, Shi M. Infection of Metarhizium anisopliae Ma6 and defense responses of host Phyllotreta striolata adults. Arch Insect Biochem Physiol 2022; 110:e21908. [PMID: 35470484 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Entomopathogenic fungus as biological control agent plays a crucial role in the integrated management of insect pests. Metarhizium anisopliae Ma6 has been identified as a highly pathogenic strain against Phyllotreta striolata (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), one of the most economically important and dominant insect pests damaging Brassica plants. The infection of M. anisopliae Ma6 on P. striolata was observed under stereomicroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and biochemical defense responses of P. striolata adults after infection were investigated. The changes in total amino acids and free fatty acids, and the activities of protective enzymes, including catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), in P. striolata adults were measured. In stereomicroscopy and SEM observations, a large number of mycelia were observed on the body surface of P. striolata on the 5th day after treatment by M. anisopliae. Many conidia were germinated and covered the body of P. striolata on the 7th day after treatment. The free fatty acid, total amino acid, CAT, POD, and SOD activities all showed an increased and then decreased trend. These results suggest that entomopathogenic fungal infection triggers the defense response of hosts, which induces changes in nutrients and antioxidant enzymes in P. striolata adults. Our findings provide useful information for understanding the potential for using M. anisopliae Ma6 as a biocontrol agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyu Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences/Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests/East China Branch of the National Center for Agricultural Biosafety Science, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanting Chen
- Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences/Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests/East China Branch of the National Center for Agricultural Biosafety Science, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuechao He
- Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences/Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests/East China Branch of the National Center for Agricultural Biosafety Science, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lizhen Zheng
- Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences/Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests/East China Branch of the National Center for Agricultural Biosafety Science, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianwei Fu
- Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mengzhu Shi
- Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences/Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests/East China Branch of the National Center for Agricultural Biosafety Science, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety, Fuzhou, China
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Liu Z, Khan MM, Fajar A, Chen S, Guo M, Chen Y, Yang C, Wu J, Qiu B, Zhou X, Pan H. Toxicity of fluralaner against vegetable pests and its sublethal impact on a biocontrol predatory ladybeetle. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2021; 225:112743. [PMID: 34481350 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fluralaner, a systemic pesticide, was originally registered with the US Food and Drug Administration in 2014 under the trade name Bravecto for flea treatment for pets. As a GABA antagonist, the footprint of fluralaner has expended beyond medical and veterinary pests in recent years. In this study, we examined the acute toxicity of fluralaner against three pests of Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata, Megalurothrips usitatus, and Phyllotreta striolata in the Solanaceae, Fabaceae, and Cruciferae families, respectively, and the sublethal impact of fluralaner on Propylaea japonica, a widely distributed predatory ladybeetle. Based on LC50, fluralaner was effective against H. vigintioctopunctata (0.098 mg a.i. L-1 for the second instar larvae), M. usitatus (0.134 mg a.i. L-1 for adult females), and P. striolata (0.595 mg a.i. L-1 for adults). For P. japonica, however, fluralaner was substantially less effective (1.177 mg a.i. L-1 for the third instar larvae). Furthermore, the LC10 and LC30 of P. japonica were also consistently higher than the LC50 of the three pests. In addition, we did not observe any significant impacts of fluralaner at LC10 and LC30 on the life history traits, including body weight, developmental time, pre-oviposition period, and fecundity of P. japonica. Based on our results from acute toxicities and sublethal impacts, fluralaner is effective against vegetable pests, while potentially friendly to P. japonica when employed as a biological control agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Muhammad Musa Khan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Anugerah Fajar
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA; Research Center for Biomaterials, Indonesia Institute of Sciences, Jl. Raya Bogor km. 46, Cibinong, Bogor 16911, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Shimin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Mujuan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yueyin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chunxiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jianhui Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Baoli Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xuguo Zhou
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA.
| | - Huipeng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Brockman R, Kuesel R, Archer K, O’Hearn K, Wilson N, Scott D, Williams M, Bessin R, Gonthier D. The Impact of Plant Essential Oils and Fine Mesh Row Covers on Flea Beetle (Chrysomelidae) Management in Brassicaceous Greens Production. Insects 2020; 11:insects11100714. [PMID: 33086511 PMCID: PMC7603271 DOI: 10.3390/insects11100714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Brassicaceous leafy greens are an important crop for small growers but are difficult to produce due to damage by flea beetles. Flea beetles are problematic for growers as they chew many small holes through leaves rendering produce unmarketable. We tested the efficacy of several essential oils, the woven-mesh row cover ProtekNet, and the spunbonded row cover Agribon, compared to organic and conventional insecticides and no spray controls in the spring and fall of 2019. We found that the two row cover treatments (Agribon and ProtekNet) provided the best control of flea beetles and associated damage. Thyme oil was highly phytotoxic and killed the crop entirely and rosemary and neem essential oils caused mild phytotoxic burns. Organic insecticides rarely performed better than the no spray control. While conventional insecticides controlled most flea beetles, the crop was often still too highly damaged to sell. The results of our study suggest row covers offer producers an effective method of flea beetle control that reduces their dependence on insecticides for conventional and organic production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Brockman
- Department of Entomology, S-225 Ag. Sci. Center North, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA; (R.K.); (K.A.); (K.O.); (D.S.); (R.B.)
| | - Ryan Kuesel
- Department of Entomology, S-225 Ag. Sci. Center North, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA; (R.K.); (K.A.); (K.O.); (D.S.); (R.B.)
| | - Kendall Archer
- Department of Entomology, S-225 Ag. Sci. Center North, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA; (R.K.); (K.A.); (K.O.); (D.S.); (R.B.)
| | - Kyla O’Hearn
- Department of Entomology, S-225 Ag. Sci. Center North, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA; (R.K.); (K.A.); (K.O.); (D.S.); (R.B.)
| | - Neil Wilson
- Department of Horticulture, N-322 Ag. Sci. Center North, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA; (N.W.); (M.W.)
| | - Delia Scott
- Department of Entomology, S-225 Ag. Sci. Center North, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA; (R.K.); (K.A.); (K.O.); (D.S.); (R.B.)
| | - Mark Williams
- Department of Horticulture, N-322 Ag. Sci. Center North, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA; (N.W.); (M.W.)
| | - Ricardo Bessin
- Department of Entomology, S-225 Ag. Sci. Center North, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA; (R.K.); (K.A.); (K.O.); (D.S.); (R.B.)
| | - David Gonthier
- Department of Entomology, S-225 Ag. Sci. Center North, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA; (R.K.); (K.A.); (K.O.); (D.S.); (R.B.)
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Zu Z, Yan C. Identification and analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of Phyllotreta striolata (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae). Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2019; 4:2150-2151. [PMID: 33365449 PMCID: PMC7687497 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1622469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome of Phyllotreta striolata (Coleoptera, Chrysomeloidea, Chrysomelidae) was first determined. The complete genome is 15,689 bp in length. It contains 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNA genes, two rRNA genes, and a control region (A + T-rich region). The gene organization, nucleotide composition, and codon usage are similar to other Chrysomelidae mitogenomes. The overall nucleotide composition was 39.90% A, 35.94% T, 15.27% C, and 8.89% G, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis both highly supported that P. striolata showed a close relationship with P. undulata. The measure of complete mitogenome sequence of P. striolata will provide fundamental data for the phylogenetic and biogeographic studies of the Chrysomeloidea and Coleoptera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Zu
- Institute of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chengjin Yan
- Institute of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou, China
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Beran F, Jiménez-Alemán GH, Lin MY, Hsu YC, Mewis I, Srinivasan R, Ulrichs C, Boland W, Hansson BS, Reinecke A. The Aggregation Pheromone of Phyllotreta striolata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Revisited. J Chem Ecol 2016; 42:748-55. [PMID: 27518387 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-016-0743-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Aggregations of the striped flea beetle Phyllotreta striolata on their crucifer host plants are mediated by volatiles emitted from feeding males. The male-specific sesquiterpene, (6R,7S)-himachala-9,11-diene (compound A), was shown previously to be physiologically and behaviorally active, but compound A was attractive only when combined with unnaturally high doses of the host plant volatile allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) in field trapping experiments. This indicated that our understanding of the chemical communication in this species is incomplete. Another male-specific sesquiterpenoid, (3S,9R,9aS)-3-hydroxy-3,5,5,9-tetramethyl-5,6,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-1H-benzo[7]annulen-2(3H)-one (compound G), has been reported from an American P. striolata population. We confirmed the presence of compound G, and investigated its interaction with compound A and AITC in a P. striolata population in Taiwan. Compound G was attractive to Taiwanese P. striolata in laboratory bioassays, but significantly more beetles were attracted to a blend of compounds A and G. Under the same conditions, P. striolata showed no preference for the blend of A and G combined with a range of doses of AITC over the sesquiterpenoid blend alone. The sesquiterpenoid blend was tested further in field trapping experiments and attracted significantly more beetles than traps baited with compound A and ecologically relevant amounts of AITC. We conclude that A and G are components of the male-specific aggregation pheromone of P. striolata in Taiwan, and that the attractiveness of the pheromone is not reliant on the presence of AITC. Our results further indicate that the male-specific sesquiterpenoid blends differ qualitatively between the Taiwanese and American populations of P. striolata.
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Key Words
- (3S,9R,9aS)-3-hydroxy-3,5,5,9-tetramethyl-5,6,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-1H-benzo[7]annulen-2(3H)-one
- (6R,7S)-himachala-9,11-diene
- Aggregation pheromone
- Allyl isothiocyanate
- Flea beetle
- Phyllotreta striolata
- Sesquiterpene
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