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Mattar VT, Borioni JL, Hollman A, Rodriguez SA. Insecticidal action, repellency, and toxicity mechanism of the essential oil of Lippia turbinata against the stored product pest Rhipibruchus picturatus (F.). Pestic Biochem Physiol 2024; 201:105907. [PMID: 38685228 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.105907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The use of essential oils (EOs) in the development of alternative management methods for bruchid control under storage conditions aroused great interest because they have proven to be effective, less toxic, and less persistent in the ecosystem than synthetic pesticides. In this sense, leaves of Lippia turbinata (Griseb.) Moldenke EO were studied in the present work. The monoterpene limonene and the monoterpenoid eucalyptol were its main constituents. EO showed a potent insecticidal activity, both in contact and fumigant conditions, against Rhipibruchus picturatus (F.) which is one of the main pests of Prosopis alba pods in stored conditions. Moreover, the EO produces repellency in these insects. Additionally, the toxicity mechanism of action was studied. In this regard, the EO inhibits the acetylcholinesterase enzyme in in vitro assays, alters the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase, and produces an increase in the lipid peroxidation reactions. This is the first report of the use of the L. turbinata EO against R. picturatus insect pest. The data obtained demonstrate its potential for developing more efficient and natural storage pest control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Tapia Mattar
- Instituto de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Agronomía y Agroindustrias (FAyA), Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero (UNSE), Consejo Nacional de Investigación Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - José Luis Borioni
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Físico-Química de Córdoba (INFIQC-CONICET), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Axel Hollman
- Laboratorio de Compuestos Bioactivos, Centro de Investigación de Biofísica Aplicada y Alimentos (CIBAAL)-CONICET- Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero (UNSE), Argentina
| | - Sergio A Rodriguez
- Instituto de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Agronomía y Agroindustrias (FAyA), Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero (UNSE), Consejo Nacional de Investigación Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina.
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Soliman NA, Mansour SW, Ammar MA, Hassan NA, Mohamed RHA. Possible role of pomegranate fruit in reversing renal damage in rats exposed to Phenylhydrazine. Open Vet J 2023; 13:1268-1276. [PMID: 38027401 PMCID: PMC10658015 DOI: 10.5455/ovj.2023.v13.i10.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pomegranate granatum (molasses and peels) and its constituents showed protective effects against natural toxins such as phenylhydrazine (PHZ) as well as chemical toxicants such as arsenic, diazinon, and carbon tetrachloride. Aim The current study aimed to assess the effect of pomegranate molasses (PM), white peel extract, and red peel extract on nephrotoxicity induced by PHZ. Methods 80 male rats were divided into eight equal groups; a control group, PM pure group, white peel pomegranate pure group, red peel pomegranate pure group, PHZ group, PM + PHZ group, white peel pomegranate + PHZ group and red peel pomegranate + PHZ group. Kidney function, inflammation markers, antioxidant activities, and renal tissue histopathology were investigated. Results The results revealed that PHZ group showed a significant increase in lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA), creatinine, uric acid, BUNBUN, C - reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARSs), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) with a significant decrease of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) as compared with a control group. Other pomegranate-treated and PHZ co-treated groups with pomegranate showed a significant decrease of LDH, MDA, creatinine, uric acid, BUN, tumor necrosis factor, TBARSs, and TAC with a significant increase of CAT, GPx, and SOD as compared with PHZ group. Conclusion Collectively, our data suggest that red, white peels, and molasses have anti-toxic and anti-inflammatory effects on renal function and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil Abbas Soliman
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Sherif Wajih Mansour
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of medicine, Zagazig University, Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Ahmed Ammar
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Zawia University, Al Zawia City, Libya
| | - Noura Ahmed Hassan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Sharkia, Egypt
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Perez-Montero B, Fermin-Rodriguez ML, Miro G, de Juan L, Cruz-Lopez F. Hemolysis, icterus and lipemia interfere with the determination of two oxidative stress biomarkers in canine serum. BMC Vet Res 2023; 19:172. [PMID: 37741986 PMCID: PMC10517482 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03740-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress has been proven to play a role in numerous human and canine diseases. Among the biomarkers of oxidative stress, Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS) and Total Antioxidant Status (TAS) are two of the most widely used. Preanalytical factors are crucial for obtaining accurate results in these assays. Hemolysis, icterus and lipemia (HIL) are common sources of preanalytical errors in the laboratory; however, limited information is available regarding the considerations for canine specimens. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the potential interferences of HIL in the determination of TBARS and TAS in canine serum. METHODS Solutions of pooled canine serum samples were prepared by adding increasing concentrations of hemolysate, bilirubin and a synthetic lipid emulsion. TBARS and TAS were determined, and biases from the control value caused by the interfering substances were calculated. RESULTS Hemolysis, icterus and lipemia induced significant interferences on TBARS and TAS, albeit to varying degrees depending on the specific biomarker and interfering substance. TBARS appeared to be more susceptible to interferences in this study. Slight hemolysis, moderate icterus and slight lipemia caused notable deviations in TBARS values, surpassing the acceptable threshold for interference. TAS assay was also affected by HIL, although to a lesser extent compared to TBARS. Significant biases from TAS control value were observed when icterus was moderate, and when hemolysis and lipemia were more pronounced. CONCLUSIONS In light of our results, we conclude that hemolyzed, icteric and lipemic specimens are not suitable for TBARS and TAS determination in canine serum. Our findings hold considerable practical utility, as a simple visual inspection would be sufficient for identifying and excluding such specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Perez-Montero
- Clinical Pathology Service, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
| | - M L Fermin-Rodriguez
- Clinical Pathology Service, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- Animal Medicine and Surgery Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - G Miro
- Animal Health Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - L de Juan
- Animal Health Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Cruz-Lopez
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
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Maina M, Mbaria J, Kamanja I, Moriasi G. Acute oral toxicity, cognitive-enhancing and anti-lipid peroxidation efficacy, and qualitative phytochemistry of the aqueous aerial part extract of Launaea cornuta (Hochst. ex. Oliv. &Hiern) C. Jeffrey. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15487. [PMID: 37123958 PMCID: PMC10131077 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
At present, there is no cure for dementia or its related cognitive impairments. Available treatments only provide symptomatic relief and do not alter the disease's progression and they suffer serious drawbacks limiting their clinical use, hence the need for alternative therapies. Although Launaea cornuta has been used traditionally to treat cognitive deficits, its pharmacological efficacy and safety have not been empirically validated, prompting this study. Acute oral toxicity of the extract was examined in Swiss albino mice using the up-and-down procedure described by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development guideline number 425. The Morris water maze technique was adopted in assessing cognitive-enhancing effects of the extract in ketamine-induced cognitive-impaired mice. The malondialdehyde concentrations in the whole brain of experimental mice involved in the MWM experiment were measured to determine the extract's anti-lipid peroxidation efficacy. Qualitative phytochemical screening of the extract was performed using standard procedures. Our results showed that the test extract was safe and did not cause any clinical signs of acute oral toxicity in mice at all doses (LD50 > 2000 mg/kg BW). Moreover, the extract significantly improved cognitive function in ketamine-induced cognitive-impaired mice in a dose-dependent manner, as indicated by reduced escape latency, navigation distance, and longer latency in the target quadrant during the probe trial. The extract also significantly reduced malondialdehyde concentrations in mice in a dose-dependent manner, demonstrating its antioxidative stress efficacy. The studied extract contained various phytochemicals associated with cognitive enhancement and antioxidant efficacy, among other pharmacologic effects. Further empirical studies are needed to determine and characterise the extract's specific cognitive-enhancing compounds, specific mechanisms of action, and complete toxicity profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercy Maina
- Department of Public Health, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, University of Nairobi, PO BOX 29053-00625, Nairobi, Kenya
- Corresponding author. Department of Public Health, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, University of Nairobi, PO BOX 29053-00625, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - James Mbaria
- Department of Public Health, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, University of Nairobi, PO BOX 29053-00625, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Irene Kamanja
- Department of Public Health, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, Egerton University, PO BOX 13357 - 20100, Nakuru, Kenya
| | - Gervason Moriasi
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Kenyatta University, PO BOX 43844-00100-GPO, Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Mount Kenya University, PO BOX 342-01000, Thika, Kenya
- Corresponding author. Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Kenyatta University, PO BOX 43844-00100-GPO, Nairobi, Kenya.
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Aliakbarpour F, Mahjoub S, Masrour-Roudsari J, Seyedmajidi S, Ghasempour M. Evaluation of salivary thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, total protein, and pH in children with various degrees of early childhood caries: a case-control study. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2021; 22:1095-1099. [PMID: 34628622 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-021-00672-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE According to new studies, oxidative stress may play an important role in the beginning and progression of oral diseases. The aim of this study was the evaluation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) as an indicator of lipid peroxidation, total protein, and pH of saliva in children with various degrees of early childhood caries in comparison with caries-free children. METHODS This case-control study was carried out on 90 children 3-5 years old in three equal groups, including caries-free children (CF), early childhood caries (ECC), and severe early childhood caries (S-ECC) who were age- and sex matched. Saliva pH was measured using a paper pH meter and TBARS and total protein were measured by spectrophotometer methods and data were statistically analysed. RESULTS TBARS and total protein levels in ECC and S-ECC groups were significantly higher than the CF group (p < 0.001), but pH was not significantly different between groups. There were no significant differences between ECC and S-ECC groups in any of the studied indicators. CONCLUSION Considering the limitations of the present study, the results showing the higher salivary TBARS levels in the S-ECC and ECC groups compared to caries-free children, lead to the conclusion that oxidative stress could be considered as a risk factor for early childhood caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Aliakbarpour
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, I.R. of Iran
| | - S Mahjoub
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, I.R. of Iran
| | - J Masrour-Roudsari
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, I.R. of Iran
| | - S Seyedmajidi
- Dental Materials Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, I.R. of Iran
| | - M Ghasempour
- Oral Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Gnjafrooz St., Babol, Mazandaran, 47176-47745, I.R. of Iran.
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Holman BWB, Hopkins DL. The use of conventional laboratory-based methods to predict consumer acceptance of beef and sheep meat: A review. Meat Sci 2021; 181:108586. [PMID: 34098380 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2021.108586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Meat scientists often use objective, laboratory-based methods to understand the sensorial properties of red meat. These approaches are advantageous because of their reproducibility, low cost, rapid generation of data and technical ease - comparative to large scale consumer sensory panels. To enhance the value of these methods, effort has been applied to identify specific limits or thresholds that correspond to a consumer's acceptance or satisfaction with the quality of a meat product. From the literature, we observe there to be inconsistencies in these thresholds. This could stem from disparate laboratory methods, consumer panel procedures and demographics, the approach to statistical analysis, sample type and representativeness, and more. This paper aimed to review consumer thresholds, proposed in the literature, to provide insight into their validity and transferability to other studies. Investigations were limited to red meat (beef and sheep meat) and to non-spectroscopic methods that have been used to predict consumer acceptance of colour, tenderness, juiciness, flavour and overall liking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin W B Holman
- Centre for Red Meat and Sheep Development, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Cowra, NSW 2794, Australia.
| | - David L Hopkins
- Centre for Red Meat and Sheep Development, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Cowra, NSW 2794, Australia
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7
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Géa LP, da Rosa ED, Panizzutti BS, de Aguiar ÉZ, de Oliveira LF, Ferrari P, Piato A, Gomez R, Colombo R, Rosa AR. Reduction of hippocampal IL-6 levels in LPS-injected rats following acute exendin-4 treatment. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2020; 393:1303-1311. [PMID: 32363414 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01867-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Preclinical evidence on the role of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1r) agonists in the brain led to an increased interest in repurposing these compounds as a therapy for central nervous system (CNS) disorders and associated comorbidities. We aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of acute treatment with exendin (EX)-4, a GLP-1r agonist, in an animal model of inflammation. We evaluated the effect of different doses of EX-4 on inflammatory, neurotrophic, and oxidative stress parameters in the hippocampus and serum of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-injected animals. Male Wistar rats were injected with LPS (0.25 mg/kg i.p.) and treated with different doses of EX-4 (0.1, 0.3, or 0.5 μg/kg i.p.). Sickness behavior was assessed by locomotor activity and body weight, and depressive-like behavior was also evaluated using forced swim test (FST). Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS), and interleukin (IL)-6 were quantified in the serum and hippocampus. Glycemia was also analyzed pre- and post-EX-4 treatment. LPS groups exhibited decreased frequency of crossing and reduced body weight (p < 0.001), while alterations on FST were not observed. The higher dose of EX-4 reduced IL-6 in the hippocampus of LPS-injected animals (p = 0.018), and EX-4 per se reduced TBARS serum levels with a modest antioxidant effect in the LPS groups (p ≤ 0.005). BDNF hippocampal levels seemed to be increased in the LPS+EX-4 0.5 group compared with LPS+Saline (p > 0.05). Our study provides evidence on acute anti-inflammatory effects of EX-4 in the hippocampus of rats injected with LPS, contributing to future studies on repurposing compounds with potential neuroprotective properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza P Géa
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-007, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Eduarda D da Rosa
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-007, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-gradução em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruna S Panizzutti
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-007, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Érica Z de Aguiar
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-007, Brazil
| | - Larissa F de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-007, Brazil
| | - Pamela Ferrari
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-007, Brazil
| | - Angelo Piato
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rosane Gomez
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Colombo
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Fisiologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caixas do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Adriane R Rosa
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-007, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Arowolo FK, Yang X, Blaser ME, Nicholson AM, Hosokawa E, Booth JR, Jobsis CT, Russell RL, Meudt JJ, Reichert JL, Crenshaw TD, Richards MP, Shanmuganayagam D. Presence of lipid oxidation products in swine diet lowers pork quality and stability during storage. Meat Sci 2019; 160:107946. [PMID: 31622902 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2019.107946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Studies examining the effects of feeding lipid oxidation products (LOPs) to pigs on pork quality and storage stability have mostly focused on refrigerated storage and produced mixed results. We investigated the effects of adding yellow grease, containing commercially relevant levels of LOPs, to swine diets on quality and storage stability of ground salted pork. Twenty-four domestic pigs were divided into three study groups and fed the following diet regimens for five months: (1) Standard Diet (STD), (2) STD + yellow grease (YG, high LOPs), or (3) STD + corn oil (CO, negligible LOPs). Post-harvest carcass characteristics and the effects of frozen and refrigerated storage on color and lipid oxidation of salted pork patties were studied. While feeding of yellow grease had no impact on color, it increased the susceptibility of pork patties to lipid oxidation during storage (186% and 73% higher accumulation of LOPs in patties from pigs fed STD + YG when compared to those fed STD and STD + CO, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Folagbayi K Arowolo
- Biomedical & Genomic Research Group, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America; Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Xing Yang
- Biomedical & Genomic Research Group, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Morgan E Blaser
- Biomedical & Genomic Research Group, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Abigale M Nicholson
- Biomedical & Genomic Research Group, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Elli Hosokawa
- Biomedical & Genomic Research Group, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey R Booth
- Agricultural Research Stations, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Arlington, WI, United States of America
| | - Catherine T Jobsis
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Ronald L Russell
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Jennifer J Meudt
- Biomedical & Genomic Research Group, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America; Department of Animal Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Jamie L Reichert
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Thomas D Crenshaw
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Mark P Richards
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Dhanansayan Shanmuganayagam
- Biomedical & Genomic Research Group, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America; Department of Animal Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America.
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9
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Guesmi F, Khantouche L, Mehrez A, Bellamine H, Landoulsi A. Histopathological and Biochemical Effects of Thyme Essential Oil on H 2O 2 Stress in Heart Tissues. Heart Lung Circ 2019; 29:308-314. [PMID: 30718156 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thymus algeriensis (T. algeriensis) is traditionally used in Tunisia to treat many human diseases. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether terpenes extracted from the aerial parts of T. algeriensis are potent cardioprotective agents for hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. METHOD Thirty (30) rats were divided into six groups as per the experimental design: control (n = 6); 0.1 mmol/L H2O2 (LD H2O2) (n = 6); 1 mmol/L H2O2 (HD H2O2) (n = 6); oily fraction of T. algeriensis (OFTS) (180 mg/kg b.wt) (n = 6); OFTS + 0.1 mmol/L H2O2 (n = 6); and OFTS + 1 mmol/L H2O2 (n = 6). RESULTS The H2O2 demonstrated concentration-dependent cardiotoxic effects in vitro. While, exposure of rats to OFTS significantly depleted H2O2-induced protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation, it raised antioxidant defence enzymes, and protected against H2O2-induced histopathological alterations. The antioxidant potential of the thyme essence was assessed by both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. CONCLUSION In conclusion, OFTS may be a potential compound for the therapy of oxidative stress-induced heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Guesmi
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Bizerte, Tunisia.
| | - Linda Khantouche
- Preparatory Institute for Scientific and Technical Studies, La Marsa, 2075, Tunisia
| | - Amel Mehrez
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Bizerte, Tunisia
| | - Houda Bellamine
- Service of Anatomo-Pathology of Menzel Bourguiba, Bizerte, Tunisia
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10
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Rodríguez-Seijo A, da Costa JP, Rocha-Santos T, Duarte AC, Pereira R. Oxidative stress, energy metabolism and molecular responses of earthworms (Eisenia fetida) exposed to low-density polyethylene microplastics. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:33599-33610. [PMID: 30276680 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3317-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Soils are both a sink and a pathway of plastic wastes, but there is a great lack of knowledge regarding their impacts on soil biota. To tackle the mechanisms of toxicity of these contaminants to soil invertebrates, earthworms (Eisenia fetida Savigny, 1826) were exposed during 28 days to different concentrations of low-density polyethylene microplastics (62, 125, 250, 500 and 1000 mg MPs kg-1 soildw) with sizes ranging between 250 and 1000 μm, in an artificial soil. The ecotoxicological responses were evaluated by analysing various oxidative stress biomarkers (catalase, glutathione S-transferase and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances), a biomarker of energy metabolism (lactate dehydrogenase) and overall organism molecular changes by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses. Significant effects resulting from an unbalanced oxidative stress system, expressed in terms of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances levels were recorded on earthworms exposed at the three highest concentrations tested. Despite that, no significant changes were recorded on the molecular profiles of earthworms by FTIR-ATR. NMR analysis pointed out for differences from the control, only for earthworms exposed to the lowest concentration of MPs. Considering that stress responses are complex, and involve multiple mechanisms, a cluster analysis taking into account all the parameters assessed, clearly identified two groups of earthworms separated by the concentration of 250 mg MPs kg-1 soildw, above each meaningful effects were recorded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Rodríguez-Seijo
- Department of Biology & GreenUPorto, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre S/N, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
- Department of Plant Biology and Soil Science, Universidade de Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain.
| | - João P da Costa
- Department of Chemistry & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Teresa Rocha-Santos
- Department of Chemistry & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Armando C Duarte
- Department of Chemistry & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ruth Pereira
- Department of Biology & GreenUPorto, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre S/N, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
- CIIMAR, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
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11
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Bertazzini M, Sacchi GA, Forlani G. A differential tolerance to mild salt stress conditions among six Italian rice genotypes does not rely on Na + exclusion from shoots. J Plant Physiol 2018; 226:145-153. [PMID: 29758379 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2018.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Rice is very sensitive to salt stress at the seedling level, with consequent poor crop establishment. A natural variability in susceptibility to moderate saline environments was found in a group of six Italian temperate japonica rice cultivars, and the physiological determinants for salt tolerance were investigated. Cation (Na+, K+ and Mg++) levels were determined in shoots from individual rice plantlets grown in the absence or in the presence of inhibitory, yet sublethal salt levels, and at increasing time after salt treatments. Significant variations were found among genotypes, but these were unrelated to the relative tolerance, which seems to result from neither mechanism(s) for reduced Na+ translocation to the aerial part, nor its increased retrieval from the xylem mediating Na+ exclusion from leaves. Accordingly, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance levels raised in leaf tissues of salt-treated seedlings, and osmo-induced proline accumulation was found in all genotypes. Data suggest that the difference in salt tolerance most likely depends on mechanisms for osmotic adjustment and/or antioxidative defence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Bertazzini
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Gian Attilio Sacchi
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences - Production, Landscape, Agroenergy, University of Milan, Via G. Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Forlani
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy.
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12
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Vital ACP, Croge C, da Silva DF, Araújo PJ, Gallina MZ, Matumoto-Pintro PT. Okara residue as source of antioxidants against lipid oxidation in milk enriched with omega-3 and bioavailability of bioactive compounds after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. J Food Sci Technol 2018; 55:1518-1524. [PMID: 29606766 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-018-3069-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The residue from soy processing (okara) was evaluated for phenolic compounds, flavonoids, radical scavenging activity and reducing power ability. The ability of okara to decelerate the oxidation of omega-3 fatty acids caused by light exposure in a milk matrix, as well as its bioavailability after in vitro digestion, were investigated. Okara contained phenolic compounds (106.7 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/100 g) and flavonoids (32.7 mg quercetin equivalents/100 g) and showed antioxidant activity. The addition of okara to omega-3 fatty acids-enriched milk inhibited the production of conjugated dienes and malonaldehyde during 8 days of storage compared to the control (without okara), particularly at the higher (3 g/L) than lower inclusion concentrations studied (1 and 2 g/L). The bioavailability assay demonstrated that polyphenols (41 mg GAE/100 g) were still present after in vitro digestion and had antioxidant activity. Okara, which is considered a residue and is discarded, can potentially be used as an antioxidant ingredient for the enrichment of foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Pelaes Vital
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá, 87020-900 Brazil
| | - Camila Croge
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá, 87020-900 Brazil
| | - Denise Felix da Silva
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá, 87020-900 Brazil
| | - Priscila Jorge Araújo
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá, 87020-900 Brazil
| | - Mariane Z Gallina
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá, 87020-900 Brazil
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13
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Li H, Benipal B, Zhou S, Dodia C, Chatterjee S, Tao JQ, Sorokina EM, Raabe T, Feinstein SI, Fisher AB. Critical role of peroxiredoxin 6 in the repair of peroxidized cell membranes following oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 87:356-65. [PMID: 26117327 PMCID: PMC4780751 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Phospholipids are a major structural component of all cell membranes; their peroxidation represents a severe threat to cellular integrity and their repair is important to prevent cell death. Peroxiredoxin 6 (Prdx6), a protein with both GSH peroxidase and phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) activity, plays a critical role in antioxidant defense of the lung and other organs. We investigated the role of Prdx6 in the repair of peroxidized cell membranes in pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVEC) and isolated mouse lungs treated with tert-butyl hydroperoxide and lungs from mice exposed to hyperoxia (100% O(2)). Lipid peroxidation was evaluated by measurement of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, oxidation of diphenyl-1-pyrenylphosphine, or ferrous xylenol orange assay. The exposure dose was varied to give a similar degree of lipid peroxidation at the end of exposure in the different models. Values for lipid peroxidation returned to control levels within 2 h after oxidant removal in wild-type PMVEC and perfused lungs but were unchanged in Pxdx6 null preparations. An intermediate degree of repair was observed with PMVEC and lungs that expressed only C47S or D140A mutant Prdx6; the former mutant does not have peroxidase activity, while the latter loses its PLA(2) activity. Prdx6 null mice showed markedly delayed recovery from lipid peroxidation during 20 h observation following exposure to hyperoxia. Thus, Prdx6 plays a critical role in the repair of peroxidized phospholipids in cell membranes and the recovery of lung cells from peroxidative stress; the peroxidase and PLA(2) activity each contribute to the recovery process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Li
- Institute for Environmental Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Bavneet Benipal
- Institute for Environmental Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Suiping Zhou
- Institute for Environmental Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Chandra Dodia
- Institute for Environmental Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Shampa Chatterjee
- Institute for Environmental Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jian-Qin Tao
- Institute for Environmental Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Elena M Sorokina
- Institute for Environmental Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Tobias Raabe
- Penn Gene Targeting Core and Laboratory of the Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sheldon I Feinstein
- Institute for Environmental Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Aron B Fisher
- Institute for Environmental Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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14
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Kil HN, Eom SY, Park JD, Kawamoto T, Kim YD, Kim H. A rapid method for estimating the levels of urinary thiobarbituric Acid reactive substances for environmental epidemiologic survey. Toxicol Res 2014; 30:7-11. [PMID: 24795793 PMCID: PMC4007046 DOI: 10.5487/tr.2014.30.1.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Revised: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Malondialdehyde (MDA), used as an oxidative stress marker, is commonly assayed by measuring the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) using HPLC, as an indicator of the MDA concentration. Since the HPLC method, though highly specific, is time-consuming and expensive, usually it is not suitable for the rapid test in large-scale environmental epidemiologic surveys. The purpose of this study is to develop a simple and rapid method for estimating TBARS levels by using a multiple regression equation that includes TBARS levels measured with a microplate reader as an independent variable. Twelve hour urine samples were obtained from 715 subjects. The concentration of TBARS was measured at three different wavelengths (fluorescence: λ-ex 530 nm and λ-ex 550 nm; λ-ex 515 nm and λ-ex 553 nm; and absorbance: 532 nm) using microplate reader as well as HPLC. 500 samples were used to develop a regression equation, and the remaining 215 samples were used to evaluate the validity of the regression analysis. The induced multiple regression equation is as follows: TBARS level (μM) = -0.282 + 1.830 × (TBARS level measured with a microplate reader at the fluorescence wavelengths λ-ex 530 nm and λ-em 550 nm, μM) -0.685 × (TBARS level measured with a microplate reader at the fluorescence wavelengths λ-ex 515 nm and λ-em 553 nm, μM) + 0.035 × (TBARS level measured with a microplate reader at the absorbance wavelength 532 nm, μM). The estimated TBARS levels showed a better correlation with, and are closer to, the corresponding TBARS levels measured by HPLC compared to the values obtained by the microplate method. The TBARS estimation method reported here is simple and rapid, and that is generally in concordance with HPLC measurements. This method might be a useful tool for monitoring of urinary TBARS level in environmental epidemiologic surveys with large sample sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Na Kil
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea ; Division of Biobank for Health Science, Center for Genome Science, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong, Korea
| | - Sang-Yong Eom
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Jung-Duck Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chung-Ang University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Toshihiro Kawamoto
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Yong-Dae Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Heon Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
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15
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Dinardo CL, Ito GM, Sampaio LR, Mendrone Júnior A. Study of possible clinical and laboratory predictors of alloimmunization against red blood cell antigens in cancer patients. Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter 2014; 35:414-6. [PMID: 24478608 PMCID: PMC3905824 DOI: 10.5581/1516-8484.20130123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The inflammatory background of patients influences the process of alloimmunization against red blood cell antigens. Proof of this statement to clinical practice is still lacking. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to verify whether factors related to disease severity and inflammatory status of cancer patients can predict alloimmunization. METHODS This was a case-control study in which alloimmunized oncologic patients treated between 2009 and 2012 were compared with a non-alloimmunized control group regarding the severity of the disease (metastasis/performance status/body mass index) and C-reactive protein levels. RESULTS The groups did not differ significantly in terms of C-reactive protein, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG)/Karnofsky performance status, presence of metastasis and body mass index. CONCLUSION It is not possible to predict alloimmunization in cancer patients based on severity of illness and inflammatory markers. Strategies of screening patients by phenotyping blood based on these criteria are not justified.
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16
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Ondei LDS, Estevão IDF, Rocha MIP, Percário S, Souza DRS, Pinhel MADS, Bonini-Domingos CR. Oxidative stress and antioxidant status in beta-thalassemia heterozygotes. Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter 2014; 35:409-13. [PMID: 24478607 PMCID: PMC3905823 DOI: 10.5581/1516-8484.20130122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have evaluated the oxidant and antioxidant status of thalassemia patients but most focused mainly on the severe and intermediate states of the disease. Moreover, the oxidative status has not been evaluated for the different beta-thalassemia mutations. OBJECTIVE To evaluate lipid peroxidation and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity in relation to serum iron and ferritin in beta thalassemia resulting from two different mutations (CD39 and IVS-I-110) compared to individuals without beta-thalassemia. METHODS One hundred and thirty subjects were studied, including 49 who were heterozygous for beta-thalassemia and 81 controls. Blood samples were subjected to screening tests for hemoglobin. Allele-specific polymerase chain reaction was used to confirm mutations for beta-thalassemia, an analysis of thiobarbituric acid reactive species was used to determine lipid peroxidation, and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity evaluations were performed. The heterozygous beta-thalassemia group was also evaluated for serum iron and ferritin status. RESULTS Thiobarbituric acid reactive species (486.24 ± 119.64 ng/mL) and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity values (2.23 ± 0.11 mM/L) were higher in beta-thalassemia heterozygotes compared to controls (260.86 ± 92.40 ng/mL and 2.12 ± 0.10 mM/L, respectively; p-value < 0.01). Increased thiobarbituric acid reactive species values were observed in subjects with the CD39 mutation compared with those with the IVS-I-110 mutation (529.94 ± 115.60 ng/mL and 453.39 ± 121.10 ng/mL, respectively; p-value = 0.04). However, average Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity values were similar for both mutations (2.20 ± 0.08 mM/L and 2.23 ± 0.12 mM/L, respectively; p-value = 0.39). There was no influence of serum iron and ferritin levels on thiobarbituric acid reactive species and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity values. CONCLUSION This study shows an increase of oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity in beta-thalassemia heterozygotes, mainly in carriers of the CD39 mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Dorotéia Rossi Silva Souza
- Fundação Faculdade Regional de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto - FUNFARME, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
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17
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Laxmi Madhikarmi N, Rudraiah Siddalinga Murthy K. Antioxidant enzymes and oxidative stress in the erythrocytes of iron deficiency anemic patients supplemented with vitamins. Iran Biomed J 2014; 18:82-87. [PMID: 24518548 PMCID: PMC3933916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2013] [Revised: 08/03/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron deficiency anemia is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Evidences from epidemiological and clinical studies suggest a possible correlation between antioxidant levels and the anemic disease risk. The present work is to investigate antioxidant levels and lipid peroxidation in anemic patients. METHODS A number of 30 patients (15 males and 15 females) were selected for the study. Likewise, 30 age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers (15 males and 15 females) were selected with their informed consent. Patients and healthy subjects were supplemented with vitamins C and E for 15 days. The lipid peroxidation both in plasma and erythrocyte lysates was determined by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and lipid peroxides. The antioxidant vitamins A, C, and E and total antioxidant activity were also analyzed. The antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase were also determined. RESULTS Based on analysis, we found that the increase in lipid peroxidation was higher in the anemic subjects before vitamin supplementation, which was statistically significant at P<0.05. The antioxidant enzymes were higher in the patients before antioxidant supplementation when compared with patients after vitamin supplementation. CONCLUSION Our data revealed higher oxidative stress before vitamin supplementation in iron deficiency anemic patients and after supplementation, lower lipid peroxidation and increased antioxidant vitamins were achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirjala Laxmi Madhikarmi
- M.B.Kedia Dental College and Teaching Hospital, Near Custom Office, Birgunj, Parsa, Narayani Zone, Nepal;
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18
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Dornas WC, de Lima WG, dos Santos RC, Guerra JFDC, de Souza MO, Silva M, Souza e Silva L, Diniz MF, Silva ME. High dietary salt decreases antioxidant defenses in the liver of fructose-fed insulin-resistant rats. J Nutr Biochem 2013; 24:2016-22. [PMID: 24135554 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2013.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2012] [Revised: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In this study we investigated the hypothesis that a high-salt diet to hyperinsulinemic rats might impair antioxidant defense owing to its involvement in the activation of sodium reabsorption to lead to higher oxidative stress. Rats were fed a standard (CON), a high-salt (HS), or a high-fructose (HF) diet for 10 weeks after which, 50% of the animals belonging to the HF group were switched to a regimen of high-fructose and high-salt diet (HFS) for 10 more weeks, while the other groups were fed with their respective diets. Animals were then euthanized and their blood and liver were examined. Fasting plasma glucose was found to be significantly higher (approximately 50%) in fructose-fed rats than in the control and HS rats, whereas fat liver also differed in these animals, producing steatosis. Feeding fructose-fed rats with the high-salt diet triggered hyperinsulinemia and lowered insulin sensitivity, which led to increased levels of serum sodium compared to the HS group. This resulted in membrane perturbation, which in the presence of steatosis potentially enhanced hepatic lipid peroxidation, thereby decreasing the level of antioxidant defenses, as shown by GSH/GSSG ratio (HFS rats, 7.098±2.1 versus CON rats, 13.2±6.1) and superoxide dismutase (HFS rats, 2.1±0.05 versus CON rats, 2.3±0.1%), and catalase (HFS rats, 526.6±88.6 versus CON rats, 745.8±228.7 U/mg ptn) activities. Our results indicate that consumption of a salt-rich diet by insulin-resistant rats may lead to regulation of sodium reabsorption, worsening hepatic lipid peroxidation associated with impaired antioxidant defenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleska Claudia Dornas
- Research in Biological Sciences - NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Gargouri M, Magné C, Dauvergne X, Ksouri R, El Feki A, Metges MAG, Talarmin H. Cytoprotective and antioxidant effects of the edible halophyte Sarcocornia perennis L. (swampfire) against lead-induced toxicity in renal cells. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2013; 95:44-51. [PMID: 23755863 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2013] [Revised: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) exposure is considered as a risk factor responsible for renal impairment in humans. On the other hand, the halophyte Sarcocornia perennis is a fresh vegetable crop suitable for leafy vegetable production. This study was designed to evaluate the in vitro protective activity of S. perennis against lead-induced damages in HEK293 kidney cells. Morphological and biochemical indicators were used to assess cytotoxicity and oxidative damages caused by Pb treatment on the cells. Our results showed that lead induced (1) a decrease in cell viability (MTT), (2) cell distortion and cohesion loss, (3) superoxide anion production and lipid peroxidation. Conversely, addition of S. perennis extract to the lead-containing medium alleviated every above syndrome. Thus, cell survival was increased and the production of reactive oxygen species caused by Pb treatment was inhibited. Taken together, our study revealed that S. perennis has potent cytoprotective effect against Pb-induced toxicity in HEK 293 cell. Such action would proceed through the decrease in ROS levels and resulting oxidative stress, which suggests a potential interest of this halophyte in the treatment of oxidative-stress related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manel Gargouri
- Laboratoire d'Ecophysiologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
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20
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Abstract
AIM: To assess the levels of antioxidant capacity and oxidative damage in blood of chronic pancreatitis (CP) patients in comparison with those in healthy control subjects, by using several different analytical techniques.
METHODS: Thirty-five CP patients and 35 healthy control subjects were investigated prospectively with respect to plasma levels of thiols, ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP, i.e. antioxidant capacity), levels of protein carbonyls and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Additionally, we evaluated the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in whole blood.
RESULTS: The antioxidative thiols including cysteine, cysteinylglycine and glutathione were significantly lower in CP patients. In addition, the non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity was significantly lower in CP patients, which correlated with the amount of oxidative protein (protein carbonyls) and the extent of lipid damage (TBARS), both were significantly higher in CP patients. The ROS production in whole blood after stimulation with phorbol 12-myritate 13-acetaat, demonstrated a strong tendency to produce more ROS in CP patients.
CONCLUSION: Oxidative stress may contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic pancreatitis by decreasing antioxidant capacity and increasing oxidative damage in CP patients may be a rationale for intervention with antioxidant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariette Verlaan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, Nijmegen 6500 HB, The Netherlands.
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Abstract
AIM: Oxygen free radical mediated tissue damage is well established in pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis (AP). Whether nitric oxide (NO) plays a deleterious or a protective role is unknown. In alcohol-induced AP, we studied NO, lipooxidative damage and glutathione in pancreas, lung and circulation.
METHODS: AP was induced in rats (n = 25) by injection of ethyl alcohol into the common biliary duct. A sham laparatomy was performed in controls (n = 15). After 24 h the animals were killed, blood and tissue sampling were done.
RESULTS: Histopathologic evidence confirmed the development of AP. Marked changes were observed in the pulmonary tissue. Compared with controls, the AP group displayed higher values for NO metabolites in pancreas and lungs, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in circulation. Glutathione was lower in pancreas and in circulation. Glutathione and NO were positively correlated in pancreas and lungs of controls but negatively correlated in circulation of experimental group. In the experimental group, plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were negatively correlated with pancreas thiobarbituric acid reactive substances but positively correlated with pancreas NO.
CONCLUSION: NO increases in both pancreas and lungs in AP and NO contributes to the pathogenesis of AP under oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülnur Andican
- Department of Biochemistry, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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