1
|
Sumikura H, Ito M, Sato T, Hatayama N, Fujioka T, Nagashima N, Shimada Y, Fukasaka I, Shimizu M, Higashida K, Hoshi T, Tanaka K, Sakaguchi M. A case of Adult-onset Acute Flaccid Myelitis Accompanied by Rhombencephalitis which First Presented with Prominent Psychiatric Symptoms and Dysautonomia Mimicking Anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate Receptor Encephalitis. Intern Med 2024:2767-23. [PMID: 38569911 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.2767-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
A 44-year-old woman with a subacute onset of an altered mental status, urinary retention, and fluctuating blood pressure was initially diagnosed with anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis, meeting the criteria of Graus et al. Cardiac arrest occurred, which required pacemaker placement. She subsequently showed profound flaccid limb paralysis, with magnetic resonance imaging demonstrating focal necrotic lesions localized in the anterior horn of the longitudinal segments of the spinal cord and in the pontine tegmentum. Enteroviruses or autoimmune encephalitis-associated autoantibodies were not detected. We herein report a case of acute flaccid myelitis with profound psychiatric symptoms and dysautonomia, resembling NMDAR encephalitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mai Ito
- Department of Neurology, Osaka General Medical Center, Japan
| | - Takuma Sato
- Department of Neurology, Osaka General Medical Center, Japan
| | - Naoki Hatayama
- Department of Neurology, Osaka General Medical Center, Japan
| | | | | | - Yuki Shimada
- Department of Neurology, Osaka General Medical Center, Japan
| | - Isao Fukasaka
- Department of Neurology, Osaka General Medical Center, Japan
| | - Mikito Shimizu
- Department of Neurology, Osaka General Medical Center, Japan
| | - Kyoko Higashida
- Department of Neurology, Osaka General Medical Center, Japan
| | - Taku Hoshi
- Department of Neurology, Osaka General Medical Center, Japan
| | - Keiko Tanaka
- Department of Animal Model Development, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Iyigundogdu I, Gedik E, Derle E, Kibaroglu S. Listeria Rhombencephalitis and Infratentorial Brain Abcesses ın a Young Adult with Stroke Like Presentation. Neurol India 2023; 71:1263-1265. [PMID: 38174473 DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.391395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Rhombencephalitis refers to the inflammation of rhombencephalon, and Listeria monocytogenes is one of the causes of infectious rhombencephalitis. Listeria rhombencephalitis is a rare and severe infection with high mortality and morbidity. As the disease can present with a variety of neurological symptoms and nonspecific laboratory tests, it can easily be misdiagnosed. Sudden onset of neurological signs without fever can resemble stroke. Magnetic resonance imaging can be useful in patients for confirmation of the diagnosis and during the follow-up. Early diagnosis and treatment are especially important for improvement of the outcomes. Here we report a case with stroke-like presentation that was diagnosed as Listeria rhombencephalitis in follow-up and present the serial brain magnetic resonance imaging features.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilkin Iyigundogdu
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ender Gedik
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Eda Derle
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Seda Kibaroglu
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Williams CM, Allison DB, Coleman AB, Bardhan R, Miller JD, Myint ZW. Primary mediastinal seminoma presenting with paraneoplastic anti-Hu encephalitis: a case report and literature review. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1156566. [PMID: 37781193 PMCID: PMC10540842 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1156566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary mediastinal seminomas are exceedingly rare tumors, often localized to the anterior mediastinum. They may present with numerous complications, including superior vena cava syndrome, chylothorax, and pericardial effusions. Less commonly, they may present with paraneoplastic encephalitis. In this report we describe a case of a 19-year-old male with no significant past medical history who presented with bilateral hearing loss, progressive neuropathy, and ataxia. Subsequently the patient was found to have mediastinal mass with a high-titer anti-Hu antibody. To our knowledge, only one other case of mediastinal seminoma presenting with anti-Hu antibodies has been described in the literature. In this report, we describe a rare case of mediastinal seminoma, describe treatment options, and discuss additional known cases presenting with paraneoplastic encephalitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chelsey M. Williams
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Derek B. Allison
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Adam B. Coleman
- Liberty University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lynchburg, VA, United States
| | - Roshmita Bardhan
- University of Pikeville- Kentucky College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pikeville, KY, United States
| | - Jordan D. Miller
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Zin W. Myint
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bossini AJLR, Redruello-Guerrero P, Martínez-Barbero JP, Gutiérrez-Jiménez P, Gutiérrez-Jiménez C, Rivera-Izquierdo M. Epidemiology, clinical and imaging features of rhombencephalitis caused by L. monocytogenes. A retrospective observational study. Rev Neurol 2023; 76:385-390. [PMID: 37303100 PMCID: PMC10478121 DOI: 10.33588/rn.7612.2023020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To date, few studies have explored the specific risk factors of patients with listeriosis who develop rhombencephalitis, and there is insufficient information regarding imaging findings and clinical symptoms in patients with this disease. This work aimed to analyze the imaging findings associated with L. monocytogenes rhombencephalitis in a cohort of patients with listeriosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective observational study of all declared cases of listeriosis in a tertiary hospital from Granada, Spain, from 2008 to 2021. Risk factors, comorbidities, and clinical outcomes were collected for all patients. In addition, clinical symptoms and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings were included for those patients who developed rhombencephalitis. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were performed using SPSS statistical software (IBM SPSS, version 21). RESULTS Our cohort comprised 120 patients with listeriosis (41.7% women, mean age: 58.6 ± 23.8 years), of which 10 (8.3%) had rhombencephalitis. The most frequent MRI findings in patients with confirmed rhombencephalitis were T2-FLAIR hyperintensity (100%), T1 hypointensity (80%), scattered parenchymal enhancement (80%), and cranial nerve enhancement (70%), while the most frequent anatomical involvement were pons, medulla oblongata, and cerebellum. Complications occurred in 6 patients (abscess in 4, hemorrhage in 2, hydrocephalus in 1). CONCLUSIONS Rhombencephalitis is associated with an increased in-hospital mortality in patients with listeriosis. The anatomical distribution and imaging characteristics of neurolisteriosis could be useful to suggest the diagnosis. Future studies with greater sample size should explore the association between anatomical location, imaging patterns, and associated complications (e.g., hydrocephalus, hemorrhage), and clinical outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J. Láinez-Ramos Bossini
- Department of RadiologyDepartment of RadiologyDepartment of RadiologyGranadaSpain
- Instituto Biosanitario de GranadaInstituto Biosanitario de GranadaInstituto Biosanitario de GranadaGranadaSpain
| | - Pablo Redruello-Guerrero
- Department of RadiologyDepartment of RadiologyDepartment of RadiologyGranadaSpain
- Instituto Biosanitario de GranadaInstituto Biosanitario de GranadaInstituto Biosanitario de GranadaGranadaSpain
| | - José P. Martínez-Barbero
- Department of RadiologyDepartment of RadiologyDepartment of RadiologyGranadaSpain
- Instituto Biosanitario de GranadaInstituto Biosanitario de GranadaInstituto Biosanitario de GranadaGranadaSpain
| | - Paula Gutiérrez-Jiménez
- Instituto Biosanitario de GranadaInstituto Biosanitario de GranadaInstituto Biosanitario de GranadaGranadaSpain
| | - Carmen Gutiérrez-Jiménez
- Department of Anesthesiology. Hospital Universitario Virgen de las NievesDepartment of Anesthesiology. Hospital Universitario Virgen de las NievesDepartment of Anesthesiology. Hospital Universitario Virgen de las NievesGranadaSpain
- Instituto Biosanitario de GranadaInstituto Biosanitario de GranadaInstituto Biosanitario de GranadaGranadaSpain
| | - Mario Rivera-Izquierdo
- Instituto Biosanitario de GranadaInstituto Biosanitario de GranadaInstituto Biosanitario de GranadaGranadaSpain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health. Universidad de GranadaUniversidad de GranadaUniversidad de GranadaGranadaSpain
- Service of Preventive Medicine and Public Health. Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio. Granada, SpainHospital Universitario Clínico San CecilioHospital Universitario Clínico San CecilioGranadaSpain
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Azar C, Akiki G, Haddad SF, Kerbage A, Haddad F, Macaron G. High fever in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-associated disorder (MOGAD): A diagnostic challenge. Mult Scler J Exp Transl Clin 2023; 9:20552173221148911. [PMID: 36636582 PMCID: PMC9830568 DOI: 10.1177/20552173221148911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The phenotypic spectrum of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-IgG associated disorders (MOGAD) has broadened in the past few years, and atypical phenotypes are increasingly recognized. Febrile meningoencephalitis has rarely been reported as a feature of MOGAD and represents a diagnostic challenge. We report the case of 24-year-old women with high-grade fever, meningoencephalomyelitis, and persistently positive MOG-IgG, for whom an extensive infectious work-up was negative and who responded to high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone. The full clinical spectrum of MOGAD is yet to be completely elucidated. In patients presenting with febrile meningoencephalitis, MOG-IgG testing should be considered particularly if infectious work-up is negative.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chadi Azar
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Grace Akiki
- Department of Psychiatry, Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sara F Haddad
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Anthony Kerbage
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Fady Haddad
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Gabrielle Macaron
- Department of Neurology, Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis Treatment and Research, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Atak F, Aydın GB, Öncel İ, Öz S, Oğuz KK. Rhombencephalitis and longitudinal extensive myelitis associated with dinutuximab use in high-risk neuroblastoma. Turk J Pediatr 2023; 65:523-530. [PMID: 37395971 DOI: 10.24953/turkjped.2022.598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dinutuximab is a monoclonal antibody that targets the GD2 antigen used in the treatment of high-risk neuroblastoma. Dinutuximab-associated rhombencephalitis and myelitis is a rare, steroid-responsive, serious, but reversible pathology. To date, three transverse myelitis cases and one rhombencephalitis case due to dinutuximab have already been reported. Moreover, a recently published article identified five inflammatory CNS demyelination cases (four myelitis and one rhombencephalitis). We present a 5-year-old patient with rhombencephalitis and myelitis following dinutuximab-beta treatment. CASE A 5-year-old patient with a left-sided retroperitoneal mass infiltrating the left kidney and multiple lytic bone lesions was diagnosed with neuroblastoma with a percutaneous biopsy from the abdominal mass. Surgery was performed after a prominent treatment response was detected on the abdominal CT. Radiotherapy was applied to the abdomen. While she was still undergoing maintenance treatment with 13-cis retinoic acid, a metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scan detected new bone lesions, and brain MRG identified pachymeningeal involvement. A new chemotherapy regimen was started and decreased MIBG uptake was seen in all previous bone lesions. However, newly developed eighth rib metastasis was seen in the following MIBG scan. Autologous stem cell transplantation was done. Soon after, dinutuximab-beta, together with temozolomide and irinotecan, was initiated. Following the third cycle hypotension, somnolence, paraparesis, and unilateral fixed dilated pupil were developed. Afterward, hemiballismus-like irregular limb movements were observed. Work-up studies were unremarkable, except for hypodensity in the brain stem on the brain CT. MRI revealed T2 hyperintensity of the brainstem and spinal cord extending from the cervicomedullary junction to the T7 level. Moreover, incomplete contrast enhancement and facilitated diffusion were observed. Imaging findings suggested demyelination. Steroids and intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) treatment were initiated. Both imaging abnormalities and clinical symptoms resolved partially at one month and disappeared at six months. CONCLUSIONS Awareness of the radiological findings of dinutuximab toxicity will lead to prompt diagnosis and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fırat Atak
- Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine Ankara
| | - Güzide Burça Aydın
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine Ankara
| | - İbrahim Öncel
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Sibel Öz
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Kader Karlı Oğuz
- Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine Ankara
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ho AEP, Rasheed ZBM, Norman J, Gabriel C, Dixon L, Ashworth S, Frise C, Yu CKH, Sykes L. Rhombencephalitis in Pregnancy-A Challenging Case of Probable Listeria Infection. Life (Basel) 2022; 12. [PMID: 36295036 DOI: 10.3390/life12101600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhombencephalitis refers to inflammation of the brainstem and cerebellum, and can be caused by infections, autoimmune disorders or paraneoplastic syndromes. The most common infective cause is the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes. Listeria monocytogenes is the predominant species to cause human listeriosis, and is commonly due to the ingestion of contaminated foods. Symptoms include a mild gastroenteritis, fever (often with extreme temperature variations), headache, and myalgia. In more severe cases, invasive disease may lead to bacteraemia and neurolisteriosis. Pregnant women are more susceptible to listeriosis, which is believed to be due to pregnancy-related immune modulation. Maternal-neonatal infection with adverse pregnancy outcomes include neonatal listeriosis, spontaneous miscarriage and intrauterine fetal demise. Diagnosis may be challenging due to initial nonspecific symptoms and low sensitivity and specificity of confirmatory diagnostic laboratory tests. Here, we describe a case of rhombencephalitis in pregnancy, attributed to Listeria, and review the clinical features, diagnosis and multidisciplinary management. Lastly, we describe the immunological response to Listeria monocytogenes and show in vitro pro-inflammatory effects of Listeria monocytogenes on peripheral blood mononuclear cells and placental explants.
Collapse
|
8
|
Stanca D, Șereș DL, Ruscă M, Achim A, Mureșanu DF. Community-acquired Klebsiella pneumoniae systemic infection complicated with rhombencephalitis. Clin Case Rep 2021; 9:CCR33666. [PMID: 34466231 PMCID: PMC8385686 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.3666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhombencephalitis is a rapidly progressing disease that should be taken into consideration in a patient with abrupt onset of cerebellar ataxia with rapid neurologic deterioration (tetraparesis, coma) after vascular etiology has been ruled out.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Delia‐Maria Stanca
- Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj‐NapocaCluj‐NapocaRomania
- Neurology DepartmentCluj‐Napoca County Emergency HospitalCluj‐NapocaRomania
| | | | - Mihaela Ruscă
- Neurology DepartmentCluj‐Napoca County Emergency HospitalCluj‐NapocaRomania
| | - Andra Achim
- Neurology DepartmentCluj‐Napoca County Emergency HospitalCluj‐NapocaRomania
| | - Dafin Fior Mureșanu
- Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj‐NapocaCluj‐NapocaRomania
- Neurology DepartmentCluj‐Napoca County Emergency HospitalCluj‐NapocaRomania
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sim BNH, Liang BNW, Ning WS, Viswanathan S. A retrospective analysis of emerging rabies: a neglected tropical disease in Sarawak, Malaysia. J R Coll Physicians Edinb 2021; 51:133-139. [PMID: 34131668 DOI: 10.4997/jrcpe.2021.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rabies, a neglected tropical disease (NTD), is a viral infection which is often fatal. Since 2017, a rabies epidemic has been declared in Sarawak, Malaysia. However, there is a lack of local epidemiological data and descriptions of local presentations of this disease. METHOD This was a retrospective analysis of a series of rabies cases encountered in Sibu Hospital, Sarawak from March 2020 to February 2021. RESULT Six cases of rabies were identified in this series, all with a mixture of upper motor neuron and lower motor neuron findings. Most cases did not seek medical attention upon dog bite and therefore effective post-exposure prophylaxis was not given. The incubation period varied from 17 days to 2 years. All cases died, with five cases succumbing to the illness within two weeks of symptom onset. The cumulative incidence for rabies in Sibu was estimated at 1.7 per 100,000 population. CONCLUSION The lack of public awareness of the implication of animal bites and the immediate management in rabies-endemic regions are factors contributing to high rabies mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Ng Han Sim
- Medical Department, Batu 5 1/2, Jalan Ulu Oya, 96000, Sibu Sarawak, Malaysia,
| | - Benjamin Ng Wei Liang
- Paediatric Department, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wong Sheau Ning
- Radiology Department, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shanthi Viswanathan
- Neurology Department, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chatterjee A, Saravu K, Mukhopadhyay C, Chandran V. Neurological Melioidosis Presenting as Rhombencephalitis, Optic Neuritis, and Scalp Abscess with Meningitis: A Case Series from Southern India. Neurol India 2021; 69:480-482. [PMID: 33904481 DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.314590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Melioidosis is an under recognized infectious disease which may rarely present with neurological involvement. Neurological melioidosis has protean manifestations, and in this case series we present 3 patients diagnosed from a single center in southern India. The clinical presentation of the patients we describe includes rhomb-encephalitis, scalp infection with subdural and meningeal involvement, and optic neuritis associated with pulmonary melioidosis. We discuss the possible mechanism of involvement of the nervous system, and the recommended treatment. Diagnosis of melioidosis requires a high index of suspicion and should be considered in endemic areas. Through this series we hope to improve the awareness of this infection and its neurological presentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aparajita Chatterjee
- Department of Neurology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Kavitha Saravu
- Department of Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE); Manipal McGill Center for Infectious Diseases, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Chiranjay Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Vijay Chandran
- Department of Neurology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhao Y, Xu C, Tuo H, Liu Y, Wang J. Rhombencephalitis due to Listeria monocytogenes infection with GQ1b antibody positivity and multiple intracranial hemorrhage: a case report and literature review. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:300060521998568. [PMID: 33866842 PMCID: PMC8755651 DOI: 10.1177/0300060521998568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive facultative intracellular bacterium that causes central nervous system infection. We report a case of rhombencephalitis caused by L. monocytogenes infection, which mimicked Bickerstaff’s brainstem encephalitis, and GQ1b antibody positivity and multiple intracranial foci were observed. A 68-year-old male patient presented with a nonspecific prodrome of faintness, forehead tightness, and walking instability. This was followed by progressive cranial nerve palsies, limb weakness, cerebellar signs, hyperpyrexia, and impaired consciousness. Brain imaging showed multiple abnormal brainstem and cerebellar signals that were accompanied by blood infiltration without any lesion enhancement. Serum GQ1b antibody positivity led to an initial diagnosis of Bickerstaff’s brainstem encephalitis, which was treated with immunosuppressive therapy with limited efficacy. A pathogen examination helped confirm L. monocytogenes infection. A combination of meropenem and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole therapy was applied and the patient recovered without sequelae. The symptoms and imaging of Listeria rhombencephalitis are nonspecific. Accurate diagnosis and prompt treatment of this condition are essential. Whether Listeria infection triggers an autoimmune response remains unclear.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunling Xu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Houzhen Tuo
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Liu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiali Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wong PF, Craik S, Newman P, Makan A, Srinivasan K, Crawford E, Dev D, Moudgil H, Ahmad N. Lessons of the month 1: A case of rhombencephalitis as a rare complication of acute COVID-19 infection. Clin Med (Lond) 2020; 20:293-294. [PMID: 32371417 PMCID: PMC7354044 DOI: 10.7861/clinmed.2020-0182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
A 40-year-old man developed acute brainstem dysfunction 3 days after hospital admission with symptoms of the novel SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19). Magnetic resonance imaging showed changes in keeping with inflammation of the brainstem and the upper cervical cord, leading to a diagnosis of rhombencephalitis. No other cause explained the patient's abnormal neurological findings. He was managed conservatively with rapid spontaneous improvement in some of his neurological signs and was discharged home with continued neurology follow up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Po Fung Wong
- The Shrewsbury and Telford Hospital NHS Trust, Telford, UK
| | - Sam Craik
- The Shrewsbury and Telford Hospital NHS Trust, Telford, UK
| | - Piers Newman
- The Shrewsbury and Telford Hospital NHS Trust, Telford, UK
| | - Annabel Makan
- The Shrewsbury and Telford Hospital NHS Trust, Telford, UK
| | | | - Emma Crawford
- The Shrewsbury and Telford Hospital NHS Trust, Telford, UK
| | - Devapriya Dev
- The Shrewsbury and Telford Hospital NHS Trust, Telford, UK
| | | | - Nawaid Ahmad
- The Shrewsbury and Telford Hospital NHS Trust, Telford, UK
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mahesh KV, Shree R, Shah J, Modi M. Listeria rhombencephalitis with hydrocephalus. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2020; 91:562. [PMID: 32165378 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2020-322989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Vinay Mahesh
- Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ritu Shree
- Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Jimil Shah
- Gastroenterology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Manish Modi
- Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Partalidou S, Tsiakalou V, Vassilakos I, Kassimos D. Walking Instability in a Patient with Known Neuro-Behçet's Disease. Mediterr J Rheumatol 2020; 31:78-80. [PMID: 32411936 PMCID: PMC7219649 DOI: 10.31138/mjr.31.1.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A 53-year-old man with known history of Neuro-Behçet›s Disease (NBD) presented to the Emergency Department with numbness on the left side of the body and the face. The patient was admitted to the Neurological Department and after a thorough investigation, the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)of the brain revealed a lesion on the brainstem (rhombencephalitis). The case is presented due to rarity of the clinical picture and the good outcome. The therapeutic strategy and the modification of his medication is discussed.
Collapse
|
15
|
Li S, Garg G, Goyal B, Abdelbaki A, Hegde R, Kumar A, Rosovsky M. Rhombencephalitis in cocaine-induced nasal septal perforation and skull base erosion. Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent) 2019; 32:82-84. [PMID: 30956592 DOI: 10.1080/08998280.2018.1536586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhombencephalitis is a rare and potentially fatal condition involving the brainstem, with infectious, autoimmune, and paraneoplastic etiologies. We present a patient presenting with left-extremity weakness and dysphonia who had brainstem imaging findings suggestive of rhombencephalitis. We suspect that the case was due to inoculation of the brainstem from nasopharyngeal adenoviral infection. Due to heavy cocaine use, extensive basiocciput erosion led to direct contact between the brainstem and the nasopharyngeal mucosa. The patient's milder clinical course might have been due to some degree of pre-existing immunity against adenovirus. Additionally, clinicians need to be aware of the proximity of the brainstem to the nasopharynx when there is basiocciput erosion, due to the potential risk of injury during instrumentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, University of Miami/Jackson Memorial HospitalMiamiFlorida
| | - Gunjan Garg
- Department of Radiology, Yale New Haven Health Bridgeport HospitalBridgeportConnecticut
| | - Bobby Goyal
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, St. George's University School of MedicineGreat RiverNew York
| | - Ahmed Abdelbaki
- Department of Radiology, Yale New Haven Health Bridgeport HospitalBridgeportConnecticut
| | - Rahul Hegde
- Department of Radiology, Yale New Haven Health Bridgeport HospitalBridgeportConnecticut
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Neurology, Great Plains HealthNorth PlatteNebraska
| | - Mark Rosovsky
- Department of Radiology, Yale New Haven Health Bridgeport HospitalBridgeportConnecticut
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kaski D, Haider S, Male A, Radunovich A, Liu F, Cordivari C, Bhatia KP, Bronstein AM. Adult Periodic Alternating Nystagmus Masked by Involuntary Head Movements. Front Neurol 2018; 9:326. [PMID: 29867735 PMCID: PMC5960698 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acquired periodic alternating nystagmus (PAN) describes a horizontal jerk nystagmus that reverses its direction with a predictable cycle, and is thought to arise from lesions involving the brainstem and cerebellum. We report a 20-year-old patient with PAN who presented with an acute vertiginous episode and developed an involuntary head movement that initially masked the PAN. The involuntary head movements were abolished with a subtherapeutic dose of botulinum toxin to the neck muscles. We propose that the head movements initially developed as a compensatory movement to the nystagmus, to maintain visual fixation in the presence of the underlying nystagmus, and became an entrained involuntary behavior. This case highlights the importance of disambiguating psychogenic from organic pathology as this may have clinical therapeutic implications, in this case resolution of the most disabling symptom which was her head oscillations, leading to improved day-to-day function despite PAN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Kaski
- Department of Neuro-Otology, University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Salman Haider
- Department of Neurology, Royal London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda Male
- Department of Neuro-Otology, University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alex Radunovich
- Department of Neurology, Royal London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fan Liu
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom
| | - Carla Cordivari
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kailash P Bhatia
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom
| | - Adolfo M Bronstein
- Department of Neuro-Otology, University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Décard BF, Thöne J, Haghikia A, Börnke C, Anders A, Lukas C, Gold R. Listeria rhombencephalitis mimicking a demyelinating event in an immunocompetent young patient. Mult Scler 2016; 23:123-125. [PMID: 27430683 DOI: 10.1177/1352458516650522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Listeriosis caused by listeria monocytogenes (LM) is a potentially lethal foodborne infection of the central nervous system (CNS) and the third most common cause of bacterial meningitis. Foods most commonly implicated are soft cheeses, raw or ready-to-eat meat and pre-processed foods. The incubation time is between 11 and 70 days. Rarely LM rhombencephalitis (RE) can occur, which typically has a biphasic course with non- specific prodromal symptoms like fever, malaise, fatigue, headache, nausea and vomiting followed by cranial nerve palsies, ataxia and hemi- or tetraparesis. OBJECTIVE To report a 31-year old immunocompetent female developing a severe abscessing RE caused by LM, which was initially assessed as a relapse after a clinically isolated syndrome (CIS). METHODS Case report. RESULTS Patients with CIS or multiple sclerosis, who present with brainstem symptoms should be evaluated carefully. The presence of clinical and paraclinical red flags in the diagnostic evaluation of a suspected CNS white matter disease should raise the awareness of clinicians for potential differential diagnoses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard F Décard
- Department of Neurology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany/Department of Neurology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jan Thöne
- Department of Neurology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany/Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Aiden Haghikia
- Department of Neurology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Christian Börnke
- Department of Neurology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Agnes Anders
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Carsten Lukas
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ralf Gold
- Department of Neurology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Guldimann C, Bärtschi M, Frey J, Zurbriggen A, Seuberlich T, Oevermann A. Increased spread and replication efficiency of Listeria monocytogenes in organotypic brain-slices is related to multilocus variable number of tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) complex. BMC Microbiol 2015; 15:134. [PMID: 26138984 PMCID: PMC4490720 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-015-0454-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Listeria (L.) monocytogenes causes fatal infections in many species including ruminants and humans. In ruminants, rhombencephalitis is the most prevalent form of listeriosis. Using multilocus variable number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) we recently showed that L. monocytogenes isolates from ruminant rhombencephalitis cases are distributed over three genetic complexes (designated A, B and C). However, the majority of rhombencephalitis strains and virtually all those isolated from cattle cluster in MLVA complex A, indicating that strains of this complex may have increased neurotropism and neurovirulence. The aim of this study was to investigate whether ruminant rhombencephalitis strains have an increased ability to propagate in the bovine hippocampal brain-slice model and can be discriminated from strains of other sources. For this study, forty-seven strains were selected and assayed on brain-slice cultures, a bovine macrophage cell line (BoMac) and a human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (Caco-2). They were isolated from ruminant rhombencephalitis cases (n = 21) and other sources including the environment, food, human neurolisteriosis cases and ruminant/human non-encephalitic infection cases (n = 26). RESULTS All but one L. monocytogenes strain replicated in brain slices, irrespectively of the source of the isolate or MLVA complex. The replication of strains from MLVA complex A was increased in hippocampal brain-slice cultures compared to complex C. Immunofluorescence revealed that microglia are the main target cells for L. monocytogenes and that strains from MLVA complex A caused larger infection foci than strains from MLVA complex C. Additionally, they caused larger plaques in BoMac cells, but not CaCo-2 cells. CONCLUSIONS Our brain slice model data shows that all L. monocytogenes strains should be considered potentially neurovirulent. Secondly, encephalitis strains cannot be conclusively discriminated from non-encephalitis strains with the bovine organotypic brain slice model. The data indicates that MLVA complex A strains are particularly adept at establishing encephalitis possibly by virtue of their higher resistance to antibacterial defense mechanisms in microglia cells, the main target of L. monocytogenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Guldimann
- Division of Neurological Sciences, Neurocenter, Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
- Graduate school for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Michelle Bärtschi
- Division of Neurological Sciences, Neurocenter, Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Joachim Frey
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Andreas Zurbriggen
- Division of Neurological Sciences, Neurocenter, Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Torsten Seuberlich
- Division of Neurological Sciences, Neurocenter, Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Anna Oevermann
- Division of Neurological Sciences, Neurocenter, Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Headley SA, Bodnar L, Fritzen JTT, Bronkhorst DE, Alfieri AF, Okano W, Alfieri AA. Histopathological and molecular characterization of encephalitic listeriosis in small ruminants from northern Paraná, Brazil. Braz J Microbiol 2014; 44:889-96. [PMID: 24516457 PMCID: PMC3910207 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-83822013000300036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2012] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeriosis is a disease primarily of ruminants caused by the Gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes. Ruminants either demonstrate manifestations of the encephalitic, septicemic, or reproductive form of listeriosis. The pathological and molecular findings with encephalitic listeriosis in a 5.5-month-old, male, mixed-breed goat and a 3-year-old Texel-crossed sheep from northern Paraná, Brazil are described. Clinically, the kid demonstrated circling, lateral protrusion of the tongue, head tilt, and convulsions; the ewe presented ataxia, motor incoordination, and lateral decumbency. Brainstem dysfunctions were diagnosed clinically and listeriosis was suspected. Necropsy performed on both animals did not reveal remarkable gross lesions; significant histopathological alterations were restricted to the brainstem (medulla oblongata; rhombencephalitis) and were characterized as meningoencephalitis that consisted of extensive mononuclear perivascular cuffings, neutrophilic and macrophagic microabscesses, and neuroparenchymal necrosis. PCR assay and direct sequencing, using genomic bacterial DNA derived from the brainstem of both animals, amplified the desired 174 base pairs length amplicon of the listeriolysin O gene of L. monocytogenes. Phylogenetic analyses demonstrated that the strains associated with rhombencephalitis during this study clustered with known strains of L. monocytogenes lineage I from diverse geographical locations and from cattle of the state of Paraná with encephalitic listeriosis. Consequently, these strains should be classified as L. monocytogenes lineage I. These results confirm the active participation of lineage I strains of L. monocytogenes in the etiopathogenesis of the brainstem dysfunctions observed during this study, probably represent the first characterization of small ruminant listeriosis by molecular techniques in Latin America, and suggest that ruminants within the state of Paraná were infected by the strains of the same lineage of L. monocytogenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Selwyn Arlington Headley
- Laboratories of Veterinary Pathology, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Lívia Bodnar
- Molecular Biology, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Juliana T T Fritzen
- Molecular Biology, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Dalton Evert Bronkhorst
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Norte do Paraná, Arapongas, PR, Brazil
| | - Alice Fernandes Alfieri
- Molecular Biology, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Werner Okano
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Norte do Paraná, Arapongas, PR, Brazil
| | - Amauri Alcindo Alfieri
- Molecular Biology, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|