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Pei Y, Deng Z, Zhang X, Blair D, Hu W, Yin M. Chromosome-scale genome assembly of the freshwater cladoceran crustacean Chydorus sphaericus: A resource for discovery of genes responsive to ecological challenges. Aquat Toxicol 2023; 260:106565. [PMID: 37186996 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The genus Chydorus Leach 1816 (family Chydoridae) is a diverse and ecologically important taxon within freshwater ecosystems. Despite having been widely used in ecological, evolutionary and eco-toxicological studies, no high-quality genomic resource is available for any member of the genus. Here, we present a high-quality chromosome-level assembly of the C. sphaericus genome by combining 7.40 Gb (∼ 50 × coverage) PacBio reads, 19.28 Gb (∼ 135 × coverage) Illumina paired-end reads, and 34.04 Gb Hi-C reads. Our genome assembly is approximately 151 Mb, with contig and scaffold N50 lengths of 1.09 Mb and 13.70 Mb, respectively. The assembly captured 94.9% of the complete eukaryotic BUSCO. Repetitive elements accounted for 17.6% of the genome, and 13,549 protein-coding genes were predicted (based on transcriptome sequencing data, ab-initio or homology-based prediction), of which 96.4% have been functionally annotated in the NCBI-NR database. We identified 303 gene families specific to C. sphaericus, mainly families enriched in functions related to immune response, visual senses and detoxification. Interestingly, we also found 53 significantly expanded gene families in C. sphaericus, mostly with functions related to detoxification. This high-quality assembly genome will act as a reference genome for C. sphaericus and benefit studies on functional and comparative genomics of Chydorus and other crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingbing Pei
- Department of Microbiology and Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China; MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Songhu Road 2005, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhixiong Deng
- MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Songhu Road 2005, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiuping Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Songhu Road 2005, Shanghai, China
| | - David Blair
- College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville Qld 4811, Australia
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Microbiology and Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China; MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Songhu Road 2005, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingbo Yin
- MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Songhu Road 2005, Shanghai, China.
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Razak MR, Aris AZ, Yusoff FM, Yusof ZNB, Kim SD, Kim KW. De Novo Transcriptomic and Life-History Responses of Moina Micrura Under Stress Environment Conditions. Mar Biotechnol (NY) 2023; 25:473-487. [PMID: 37310522 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-023-10220-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Moina micrura represents a promising model species for ecological and ecotoxicological investigations in tropical freshwater ecosystems. Illumina NovaSeq™ 6000 sequencing was employed in this study to analyze M. micrura across three distinct developmental stages: juvenile, adult, and male. Current study successfully annotated 51,547 unigenes (73.11%) derived from seven (7) different databases. A total of 554 genes were found to be significantly upregulated, while 452 genes showed significant downregulation between juvenile and male. Moreover, 1001 genes were upregulated, whereas 830 genes exhibited downregulation between the adult and male. Analysis of differentially expressed genes revealed upregulation of chitin, cuticle, myosin (MYO), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), fibrillin (FBN), cytochrome (CYP), glutathione s-transferase (GST), vitellogenin (VTG), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and transforming growth factor beta (TGFB) under unfavorable environmental conditions (male), as compared to favorable environmental conditions (juveniles and adults). These alterations in gene expression significantly impact the phenological and life-history traits of M. micrura. Furthermore, the upregulation of hemoglobin (HMB), doublesex (DSX), juvenile hormone analogs (JHA), heat shock protein (HSP), and methyltransferase (METT) genes in males initiates the sex-switching effects observed in M. micrura. These findings hold substantial value for researchers interested in determining M. micrura sequences for future investigations of gene expression and comparative reproductive genome analysis within the Moina genus and cladoceran families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Raznisyafiq Razak
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Zaharin Aris
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
- International Institute of Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Negeri Sembilan, 71050, Port Dickson, Malaysia.
| | - Fatimah Md Yusoff
- International Institute of Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Negeri Sembilan, 71050, Port Dickson, Malaysia
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zetty Norhana Balia Yusof
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sang Don Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-Ro, Buk-Gu, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Woong Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-Ro, Buk-Gu, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
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Wang L, Deng Z, Blair D, Hu W, Yin M. Phylogeography and genetic diversity of the Scapholeberis kingii species complex (Cladocera: Daphniidae) in China. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2023; 181:107725. [PMID: 36736845 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2023.107725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing interest in the diversity and phylogeography of aquatic invertebrate zooplankton in the Eastern Palearctic, yet this topic remains largely unexplored in China. Here, we investigated the lineage diversity and phylogeography of an important cladoceran taxon, the Scapholeberis kingii (Cladocera: Daphniidae) species complex, members of which live in the surface layers of freshwater ecosystems. We identified only the S. smirnovi morphospecies from this species complex in 29 of 491 Chinese water bodies examined. Its phylogenetic position was verified using both a mitochondrial (mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I; COI) and a nuclear marker (the nuclear large subunit ribosomal RNA gene; 28S). Pronounced geographical separation among three S. smirnovi mitochondrial lineages was observed in China: only a single lineage (Lineage A) was present in the Eastern Plain, whereas Lineages B and C were restricted to the Inner Mongolia-Xinjiang Plateau and the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau respectively. This deep mtDNA divergence and the substantial genetic differentiation among S. smirnovi populations from different regions is likely a result of the rapid uplift of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and associated ecological changes. This study contributes to an understanding of the genetic diversity of the S. kingii complex, a key component of neustonic zooplankton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lugege Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Songhu Road 2005, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhixiong Deng
- MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Songhu Road 2005, Shanghai, China
| | - David Blair
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia
| | - Wei Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Songhu Road 2005, Shanghai, China; Department of Microbiology and Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Mingbo Yin
- MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Songhu Road 2005, Shanghai, China.
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Hamza W, Hazzouri KM, Sudalaimuthuasari N, Amiri KMA, Neretina AN, Al Neyadi SES, Kotov AA. Genome Assembly of a Relict Arabian Species of Daphnia O. F. Müller (Crustacea: Cladocera) Adapted to the Desert Life. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24010889. [PMID: 36614331 PMCID: PMC9820869 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The water flea Daphnia O.F. Müller 1776 (Crustacea: Cladocera) is an important model of recent evolutionary biology. Here, we report a complete genome of Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) arabica (Crustacea: Cladocera), recently described species endemic to deserts of the United Arab Emirates. In this study, genome analysis of D. arabica was carried out to investigate its genomic differences, complexity as well as its historical origins within the subgenus Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia). Hybrid genome assembly of D. arabica resulted in ~116 Mb of the assembled genome, with an N50 of ~1.13 Mb (BUSCO score of 99.2%). From the assembled genome, in total protein coding, 5374 tRNA and 643 rRNA genes were annotated. We found that the D. arabica complete genome differed from those of other Daphnia species deposited in the NCBI database but was close to that of D. cf. similoides. However, its divergence time estimate sets D. arabica in the Mesozoic, and our demographic analysis showed a great reduction in its genetic diversity compared to other Daphnia species. Interestingly, the population expansion in its diversity occurred during the megadrought climate around 100 Ka ago, reflecting the adaptive feature of the species to arid and drought-affected environments. Moreover, the PFAM comparative analysis highlights the presence of the important domain SOSS complex subunit C in D. arabica, which is missing in all other studied species of Daphnia. This complex consists of a few subunits (A, B, C) working together to maintain the genome stability (i.e., promoting the reparation of DNA under stress). We propose that this domain could play a role in maintaining the fitness and survival of this species in the desert environment. The present study will pave the way for future research to identify the genes that were gained or lost in this species and identify which of these were key factors to its adaptation to the harsh desert environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed Hamza
- Biology Department, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: (W.H.); (A.A.K.)
| | - Khaled M. Hazzouri
- Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Naganeeswaran Sudalaimuthuasari
- Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khaled M. A. Amiri
- Biology Department, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Anna N. Neretina
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | - Shamma E. S. Al Neyadi
- Biology Department, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Alexey A. Kotov
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: (W.H.); (A.A.K.)
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Kim DH, Lee YH, Sayed AEDH, Choi IY, Lee JS. Genome-wide identification of 194 G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) genes from the water flea Daphnia magna. Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics 2022; 42:100983. [PMID: 35367896 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2022.100983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In crustaceans, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest transmembrane receptor family and function by mediating various environmental stimuli in cells. Understanding GPCR signaling is crucial to better understanding of crustacean endocrinology. GPCRs evolved from early eukaryotes, and genome-wide identification of GPCRs in a particular taxon can provide insight into evolutionary tendencies and adaptive strategies of GPCR response to environmental stimuli. Here, we identified 194 full-length GPCR genes in the water flea Daphnia magna that can be divided into five distinct classes (A, B, C, F, and other). A strong orthologous relationship for amine, neuropeptide, and opsin receptors was found in the phylogenetic comparison of D. magna GPCRs to those of humans and two well-known insects (Drosophila melanogaster and Solenopsis invicta). Our results based on phylogenetic relationships suggest that most GPCRs subfamilies have undergone sporadic evolutionary processes for adaptation to environmental pressures. Despite the dynamics of GPCR evolution, some GPCRs are highly conserved between species. This study provides a better understanding of the evolution of GPCRs and expands our knowledge of the potential physiological mechanisms in D. magna in response to various environmental stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duck-Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Young Hwan Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Alaa El-Din H Sayed
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, 71516 Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ik-Young Choi
- Department of Agricultural Life Industry, College of Lifelong Learning, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea.
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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Gu YL, Sun CH, Liu P, Zhang X, Sinev AY, Dumont HJ, Han BP. Complete mitochondrial genome of Ovalona pulchella (Branchiopoda, Cladocera) as the first representative in the family Chydoridae: Gene rearrangements and phylogenetic analysis of Cladocera. Gene X 2022; 818:146230. [PMID: 35093448 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chydoridae are phytophilic-benthic microcrustaceans that make up a significant proportion of species diversity and play an important role in the littoral zone of freshwater ecosystems worldwide. Here, we provide the complete mitochondrial genome of Ovalona pulchella (King, 1853), determined by next-generation sequencing. The entire mitochondrial genome is 15,362 bp in length; this is the first sequenced mitochondrial genome in the family Chydoridae. The base composition and codon usage were typical of Cladocera species. The mitochondrial gene arrangement (37 genes) was not consistent with that of other Branchiopoda. Both maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses supported each suborder and family of Branchiopoda as monophyletic groups. The relationships among the families were as follows: [(Leptestheriidae + Limnadiidae) + (Sididae + (Bosminidae + (Chydoridae + Daphniidae)))] + Triopsidae. The newly sequenced O. pulchella was most closely related to the family Daphniidae. The complete mitochondrial genome of O. pulchella also provides valuable molecular information for further analysis of the phylogeny of the Chydoridae and the taxonomic status of the Branchiopoda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Liang Gu
- Department of Ecology and Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Cheng-He Sun
- Department of Ecology and Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Ping Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu 225127, China.
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Ecology and Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Artem Y Sinev
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Biological Faculty, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Henri J Dumont
- Department of Ecology and Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Bo-Ping Han
- Department of Ecology and Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Toyota K, Miyakawa H, Hiruta C, Sato T, Katayama H, Ohira T, Iguchi T. Sex Determination and Differentiation in Decapod and Cladoceran Crustaceans: An Overview of Endocrine Regulation. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12020305. [PMID: 33669984 PMCID: PMC7924870 DOI: 10.3390/genes12020305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms underlying sex determination and differentiation in animals are known to encompass a diverse array of molecular clues. Recent innovations in high-throughput sequencing and mass spectrometry technologies have been widely applied in non-model organisms without reference genomes. Crustaceans are no exception. They are particularly diverse among the Arthropoda and contain a wide variety of commercially important fishery species such as shrimps, lobsters and crabs (Order Decapoda), and keystone species of aquatic ecosystems such as water fleas (Order Branchiopoda). In terms of decapod sex determination and differentiation, previous approaches have attempted to elucidate their molecular components, to establish mono-sex breeding technology. Here, we overview reports describing the physiological functions of sex hormones regulating masculinization and feminization, and gene discovery by transcriptomics in decapod species. Moreover, this review summarizes the recent progresses of studies on the juvenile hormone-driven sex determination system of the branchiopod genus Daphnia, and then compares sex determination and endocrine systems between decapods and branchiopods. This review provides not only substantial insights for aquaculture research, but also the opportunity to re-organize the current and future trends of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Toyota
- Marine Biological Station, Sado Center for Ecological Sustainability, Niigata University, Sado, Niigata 952-2135, Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kanagawa University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1293, Japan;
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Katsushika, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
- Correspondence: (K.T.); (T.S.); (T.I.)
| | - Hitoshi Miyakawa
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 321-8505, Japan;
| | - Chizue Hiruta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan;
| | - Tomomi Sato
- Graduate School of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0027, Japan
- Correspondence: (K.T.); (T.S.); (T.I.)
| | - Hidekazu Katayama
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, School of Engineering, Tokai University, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan;
| | - Tsuyoshi Ohira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kanagawa University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1293, Japan;
| | - Taisen Iguchi
- Graduate School of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0027, Japan
- Correspondence: (K.T.); (T.S.); (T.I.)
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Kim DH, Choi BS, Kang HM, Park JC, Kim MS, Hagiwara A, Lee JS. The genome of the marine water flea Diaphanosoma celebensis: Identification of phase I, II, and III detoxification genes and potential applications in marine molecular ecotoxicology. Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics 2021; 37:100787. [PMID: 33454556 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2020.100787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
To assemble the genome of the marine water flea Diaphanosoma celebensis, a sentinel model for marine environmental monitoring, we constructed a high-quality genome using PromethION and HiSeq 2500 platforms. The total length of the assembled genome was 100.08 Mb, with N50 = 2.56 Mb (benchmarking universal single-copy orthologs, 96.9%) and consisted of 179 scaffolds. A total of 15,427 genes were annotated, and orthologous gene clusters in D. celebensis were analyzed and compared with those of the cladocerans Daphnia magna and Daphnia pulex. In addition, phase I, II, and III detoxification gene families of cytochrome P450s, glutathione S-transferases, and ATP-binding cassette were fully identified and revealed lineage-specific gene loss and/or expansion, suggesting that the evolution of detoxification gene families likely modulates fitness and susceptibility in response to environmental stressors. The study improves our understanding of the detoxification-related gene system and should contribute to future studies of molecular ecotoxicology in cladoceran species and their responses to emerging pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duck-Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | | | - Hye-Min Kang
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jun Chul Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Min-Sub Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Atsushi Hagiwara
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; Organization for Marine Science and Technology, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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In S, Yoon HW, Yoo JW, Cho H, Kim RO, Lee YM. Acute toxicity of bisphenol A and its structural analogues and transcriptional modulation of the ecdysone-mediated pathway in the brackish water flea Diaphanosoma celebensis. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019; 179:310-317. [PMID: 31030948 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.04.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a representative endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC) that has estrogenic effects in aquatic animals. In recent years, due to the continuing usage of BPA, its analogues have been developed as alternative substances to replace its use. The molting process is a pivotal point in the development and reproduction of crustaceans. However, studies of the effects of EDCs on molting in crustaceans at the molecular level are scarce. In the present study, we examined the acute toxicity of BPA and its analogues bisphenol F (BPF) and S (BPS) to the brackish water flea Diaphanosoma celebensis. We further identified four ecdysteroid pathway - related genes (cyp314a1, EcRA, EcRB, and USP) in D. celebensis, and investigated the transcriptional modulation of these genes during molting and after exposure to BPA and its analogues for 48 h. Sequencing and phylogenetic analyses revealed that these four genes are highly conserved among arthropods and may be involved in development and reproduction in the adult stage. The mRNA expression patterns of cyp314a1, EcRA and USP were matched with the molting cycle, suggesting that these genes play a role in the molting process in the adult stage in cladocerans. Following relative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analyses, BPA and its analogues were found to modulate the expression of each of these four genes differently, indicating that these compounds can disrupt the normal endocrine system function of D. celebensis. This study improves our understanding of the molecular mode of action of BPA and its analogues in D. celebensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyeon In
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Sangmyung University, Seoul, 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Won Yoon
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Sangmyung University, Seoul, 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Won Yoo
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Sangmyung University, Seoul, 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - Hayoung Cho
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Sangmyung University, Seoul, 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - Ryeo-Ok Kim
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Sangmyung University, Seoul, 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Mi Lee
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Sangmyung University, Seoul, 03016, Republic of Korea.
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Wang M, Zhao W, Wei J, Wang S, Xie X. Acute effects of UVB radiation on the survival, growth, development, and reproduction of Daphniopsis tibetana Sars (Crustacea: Cladocera). Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:10916-10925. [PMID: 30783928 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04490-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Daphniopsis tibetana Sars lives in elevation, usually with strong solar UV radiation. We speculate that UV may have an effect on the ecology and evolutionary biology of this species. However, the regulatory effect and mechanism of UV on D. tibetana have not been studied previously. Here, our results showed that UVB could act as a positive factor in the relative body lengths, reproductive parameters, and population growth parameters of D. tibetana when UVB radiation is 20-170 mJ cm-2, compared with the control group. Strikingly, these parameters were highest at 120 mJ cm-2. To explore the mechanism underlying the UVB irradiation effects, we conducted a transcriptome analysis using the Trinity platform. The results indicated that differentially regulated genes were mostly enriched in lipid transport and lipid localization by Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of 146 differentially expressed genes (83 upregulated and 63 downregulated). This is the first study of UVB radiation of D. tibetana to reveal genes that may have crucial roles in survival, growth, and reproduction and could be candidates for future functional studies. Additionally, the study could supply a substantial resource for investigating and elucidating lipids that could play important roles in a physiological context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiru Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hydrobiology in Liaoning Province, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, 52 Heishijiao Street, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Wen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Hydrobiology in Liaoning Province, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, 52 Heishijiao Street, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Jie Wei
- Key Laboratory of Hydrobiology in Liaoning Province, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, 52 Heishijiao Street, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hydrobiology in Liaoning Province, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, 52 Heishijiao Street, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xi Xie
- Key Laboratory of Hydrobiology in Liaoning Province, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, 52 Heishijiao Street, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning Province, China
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Ouanes-Ben Othmen Z, Barka S, Adeljelil ZB, Mouelhi S, Krifa M, Kilani S, Chekir-Ghedira L, Forget-Leray J, Hamza-Chaffai A. In situ genotoxicity assessment in freshwater zooplankton and sediments from different dams, ponds, and temporary rivers in Tunisia. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:1435-1444. [PMID: 30426375 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3703-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Tunisia water resources are limited. The country currently has 29 large dams, more than 1000 hill lakes, and 220 small dams which are essential for economic and social development given their contribution to irrigation, drinking water consumption, flooding protection, production of electrical energy, groundwater recharge, and industrial uses. Given the scarcity of these resources, it is crucial to be able to ensure the quality of freshwater environments, particularly those intended for human consumption. In this study, we meant to assess the health status of various freshwater ecosystems in different regions of Tunisia (north and center west) in order to detect genotoxic components in sediments and their potential effect on zooplankton (cladocerans). Sediment and cladoceran species were collected from dams, ponds, and temporary rivers in Tunisia. For each collection site, micronucleus (MN) assay was performed, in triplicates, using a pool of ten specimens of the same cladoceran species. MN occurrence in cladocerans varied from one site to another and MN frequencies varied between 0.67 and 22‰, suggesting the presence of genotoxic substances in certain sites. Sediment genotoxicity and mutagenicity were assessed using the SOS Chromotest and the Ames test. Sediment results showed that genotoxicity varies from one site to another displaying a quantitative and a qualitative variation of pollutant among the sites. These results suggest an urgent need for continuous monitoring of freshwater environments in Tunisia, particularly those intended for drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zouhour Ouanes-Ben Othmen
- Unité de Recherche de Toxicologie Environnementale et Marine, UR 09-03, IPEIS Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Sabria Barka
- Unité de Recherche de Toxicologie Environnementale et Marine, UR 09-03, IPEIS Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Zied Ben Adeljelil
- Biochemistry Laboratory-Medicine Faculty of Monastir: LR12ES05, Monastir University, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Samia Mouelhi
- Unité de Recherche de Biologie Animale et Systématique Evolutive 2092, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Campus Universitaire Manar II, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mounira Krifa
- Unité de Recherche de Pharmacognosie/Biologie Moléculaire 99/UR/07-03, Faculté de Pharmacie, Monastir University, Rue Avicenne, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Soumaya Kilani
- Unité de Recherche de Pharmacognosie/Biologie Moléculaire 99/UR/07-03, Faculté de Pharmacie, Monastir University, Rue Avicenne, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Leila Chekir-Ghedira
- Unité de Recherche de Pharmacognosie/Biologie Moléculaire 99/UR/07-03, Faculté de Pharmacie, Monastir University, Rue Avicenne, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Joëlle Forget-Leray
- Laboratoire d'Ecotoxicologie des Milieux Aquatiques, EA 3222, FED 4116 SCALE, Université du Havre, rue Philippe Lebon, Le Havre, France
| | - Amel Hamza-Chaffai
- Unité de Recherche de Toxicologie Environnementale et Marine, UR 09-03, IPEIS Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
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Zuykova EI, Simonov EP, Bochkarev NA, Abramov SA, Sheveleva NG, Kotov AA. Contrasting phylogeographic patterns and demographic history in closely related species of Daphnia longispina group (Crustacea: Cladocera) with focus on North-Eastern Eurasia. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207347. [PMID: 30427905 PMCID: PMC6235318 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Species with large geographic distributions present a challenge for phylogeographic studies due to the logistic difficulties of obtaining adequate samples. Daphnia O.F. Müller (Anomopoda: Daphniidae) is a model genus for evolutionary biology and ecology, but many regions such as the remote areas of Siberia, remain poorly studied. Here we examined genetic polymorphism in the ribosomal 12S and the protein-coding ND2 mitochondrial genes of three closely related taxa of the Daphnia (Daphnia) longispina complex, namely D. galeata Sars, D. longispina O.F. Müller and D. dentifera Forbes. We estimated the phylogenetic relationships among these taxa based on a concatenated alignment of these two genes. Using sequences from the present study and those available in GenBank, we investigated the geographic distributions of the mitochondrial haplotypes of these species and proposed an evolutionary scenario for each taxon. Network structures, haplotype distribution patterns, and FST values indicated significant differences in the evolutionary history of the examined species. Our analysis of D. galeata populations confirmed its recent and fast expansion, without a previous phase of a strong population disconnection. In contrast, the high haplotype diversity in D. dentifera and D. longispina could be explained by the survival of different phylogroups in several glacial refugia located in different geographic regions. For all studied species, maximum haplotype diversity was recorded in the remote regions of Siberia-lakes of the Yenisei River and Transbaikalia. Our study is an important step in our understanding of the evolutionary history of the Daphnia longispina group and provides further evidence of the biogeographic significance of Siberia for freshwater taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena I. Zuykova
- Laboratory for Ecology of Vertebrate Communities, Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Evgeniy P. Simonov
- Laboratory for Ecology of Vertebrate Communities, Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nickolai A. Bochkarev
- Laboratory for Ecology of Vertebrate Communities, Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Sergey A. Abramov
- Laboratory for Ecology of Vertebrate Communities, Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Natalia G. Sheveleva
- Laboratory of Biology of Aquatic Invertebrates, Limnological Institute of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Alexey A. Kotov
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology and Invasions, A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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13
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Bekker EI, Karabanov DP, Galimov YR, Haag CR, Neretina TV, Kotov AA. Phylogeography of Daphnia magna Straus (Crustacea: Cladocera) in Northern Eurasia: Evidence for a deep longitudinal split between mitochondrial lineages. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194045. [PMID: 29543844 PMCID: PMC5854346 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Species with a large geographic distributions present a challenge for phylogeographic studies due to logistic difficulties of obtaining adequate sampling. For instance, in most species with a Holarctic distribution, the majority of studies has concentrated on the European or North American part of the distribution, with the Eastern Palearctic region being notably understudied. Here, we study the phylogeography of the freshwater cladoceran Daphnia magna Straus, 1820 (Crustacea: Cladocera), based on partial mitochondrial COI sequences and using specimens from populations spread longitudinally from westernmost Europe to easternmost Asia, with many samples from previously strongly understudied regions in Siberia and Eastern Asia. The results confirm the previously suspected deep split between Eastern and Western mitochondrial haplotype super-clades. We find a narrow contact zone between these two super-clades in the eastern part of Western Siberia, with proven co-occurrence in a single lake in the Novosibirsk region. However, at present there is no evidence suggesting that the two mitochondrial super-clades represent cryptic species. Rather, they may be explained by secondary contact after expansion from different refugia. Interestingly, Central Siberia has previously been found to be an important contact zone also in other cladoceran species, and may thus be a crucial area for understanding the Eurasian phylogeography of freshwater invertebrates. Together, our study provides an unprecedented complete, while still not global, picture of the phylogeography of this important model species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugeniya I. Bekker
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology and Invasions, A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry P. Karabanov
- Laboratory of Fish Ecology, I. D. Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters of Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok, Yaroslavl Area, Russia
| | - Yan R. Galimov
- Laboratory of Experimental Embryology, Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Christoph R. Haag
- CEFE, CNRS, Univ Montpellier, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Tatiana V. Neretina
- N.A.Pertsov White Sea Biological Station, Biological Faculty, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey A. Kotov
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology and Invasions, A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
- * E-mail:
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14
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Kotov AA, Karabanov DP, Bekker EI, Neretina TV, Taylor DJ. Phylogeography of the Chydorus sphaericus Group (Cladocera: Chydoridae) in the Northern Palearctic. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0168711. [PMID: 27992559 PMCID: PMC5167426 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The biodiversity and the biogeography are still poorly understood for freshwater invertebrates. The crustacean Chydorus sphaericus-brevilabris complex (Cladocera: Chydoridae) is composed of species that are important components of Holarctic freshwater food webs. Recent morphological and genetic study of the complex has indicated a substantial species diversity in the northern hemisphere. However, we know little of the geographic boundaries of these novel lineages. Moreover, a large section of the Palearctic remains unexamined at the genetic level. Here we attempt to address the biodiversity knowledge gap for the Chydorus sphaericus group in the central Palearctic and assess its diversity and biogeographic boundaries. We sequenced nuclear (ITS-2) and mitochondrial (COI) gene regions of Chydorus specimens across the Palearctic and compared them with already available Holarctic sequences. We detected six main clades in the C. sphaericus group in the Palearctic, of which two of the groups are novel. Three of the more divergent clades are geographically widespread. The central portion of Eurasia (the Yenisey River basin) appears to be a narrow zone of secondary contact for phylogroups that expanded from European and Beringian refugia. As such, the previously unsampled central Palearctic represents an important region for understanding the evolutionary consequences of Pleistocene climatic oscillations on the Chydorus sphaericus group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey A. Kotov
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology and Invasions, A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- * E-mail:
| | - Dmitry P. Karabanov
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology and Invasions, A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Fish Ecology, I. D. Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters of Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok, Yaroslavl Area, Russia
| | - Eugeniya I. Bekker
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology and Invasions, A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana V. Neretina
- White Sea Biological Station, Biological Faculty, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Derek J. Taylor
- Department of Biological Sciences, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, United States of America
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15
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Bekker EI, Karabanov DP, Galimov YR, Kotov AA. DNA Barcoding Reveals High Cryptic Diversity in the North Eurasian Moina Species (Crustacea: Cladocera). PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161737. [PMID: 27556403 PMCID: PMC4996527 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Species of the genus Moina Baird (Cladocera: Moinidae) often dominate freshwater crustacean communities in temporary water bodies. Several species of Moina are used as food for fish larvae in aquaculture, as bioindicators in toxicological studies, and as common subjects for physiological studies. The aim of this paper is to estimate biodiversity of Moina in northern Eurasia using the standard DNA barcoding approach based on the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. We analysed 160 newly obtained and 157 existing COI sequences, and found evidence for 21 phylogroups of Moina, some of which were detected here for the first time. Our study confirmed the opinion that the actual species diversity of cladocerans is several times higher than is presently accepted. Our results also indicated that Moina has the second richest species diversity among the cladoceran genera (with only Daphnia O. F. Mueller having a greater diversity of species). Our study strongly supports division of Moina into two faunistic groups: European-Western Siberian and Eastern Siberian-Far Eastern, with a transitional zone at the Yenisey River basin (Eastern Siberia). Here, we refrain from taxonomic descriptions of new species, as this requires a thorough morphological and taxonomic study for each putative taxon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugeniya I. Bekker
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology and Invasions, A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry P. Karabanov
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology and Invasions, A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Fish Ecology, I. D. Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters of Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok, Yaroslavl Area, Russia
| | - Yan R. Galimov
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology and Invasions, A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Experimental Embryology, Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey A. Kotov
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology and Invasions, A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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16
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Parrella A, Lavorgna M, Criscuolo E, Russo C, Isidori M. Eco-genotoxicity of six anticancer drugs using comet assay in daphnids. J Hazard Mater 2015; 286:573-80. [PMID: 25638790 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The eco-genotoxicity of six anti-neoplastic drugs, 5-fluorouracil, capecitabine, cisplatin, doxorubicin, etoposide, and imatinib, belonging to five classes of anatomical therapeutic classification (ATC), was studied applying the in vivo comet assay on cells from whole organisms of Daphnia magna and Ceriodaphnia dubia. For the first time, this test was performed in C. dubia. In addition, to have a wider genotoxic/mutagenic profile of the anticancer drugs selected, SOS chromotest and Salmonella mutagenicity assay were performed. The comet results showed that all drugs induced DNA damage, in both Cladocerans, with environmental concern; indeed Doxorubicin induced DNA damage in the order of tens of ng L(-1) in both crustaceans, as well as 5-flurouracil in C. dubia and cisplatin in D. magna. In the SOS Chromotest all drugs, except imatinib, were able to activate the repair system in Escherichia coli PQ37 while in the Salmonella mutagenicity assay, doxorubicin was the only drug able to cause direct and indirect frameshift and base-pair substitution mutations. Comet assay was the most sensitive tool of genotoxic exposure assessment, able to detect in vivo the adverse effects at concentration lower than those evaluated in vitro by bacterial assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Parrella
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Seconda Università di Napoli, Via Vivaldi 43, I-81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Margherita Lavorgna
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Seconda Università di Napoli, Via Vivaldi 43, I-81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Emma Criscuolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Seconda Università di Napoli, Via Vivaldi 43, I-81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Chiara Russo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Seconda Università di Napoli, Via Vivaldi 43, I-81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Marina Isidori
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Seconda Università di Napoli, Via Vivaldi 43, I-81100 Caserta, Italy.
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Toyota K, Miyakawa H, Yamaguchi K, Shigenobu S, Ogino Y, Tatarazako N, Miyagawa S, Iguchi T. NMDA receptor activation upstream of methyl farnesoate signaling for short day-induced male offspring production in the water flea, Daphnia pulex. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:186. [PMID: 25867484 PMCID: PMC4372037 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1392-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cladoceran crustacean Daphnia pulex produces female offspring by parthenogenesis under favorable conditions, but in response to various unfavorable external stimuli, it produces male offspring (environmental sex determination: ESD). We recently established an innovative system for ESD studies using D. pulex WTN6 strain, in which the sex of the offspring can be controlled simply by changes in the photoperiod: the long-day and short-day conditions can induce female and male offspring, respectively. Taking advantage of this system, we demonstrated that de novo methyl farnesoate (MF) synthesis is necessary for male offspring production. These results indicate the key role of innate MF signaling as a conductor between external environmental stimuli and the endogenous male developmental pathway. Despite these findings, the molecular mechanisms underlying up- and downstream signaling of MF have not yet been well elucidated in D. pulex. RESULTS To elucidate up- and downstream events of MF signaling during sex determination processes, we compared the transcriptomes of daphnids reared under the long-day (female) condition with short-day (male) and MF-treated (male) conditions. We found that genes involved in ionotropic glutamate receptors, known to mediate the vast majority of excitatory neurotransmitting processes in various organisms, were significantly activated in daphnids by the short-day condition but not by MF treatment. Administration of specific agonists and antagonists, especially for the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor, strongly increased or decreased, respectively, the proportion of male-producing mothers. Moreover, we also identified genes responsible for male production (e.g., protein kinase C pathway-related genes). Such genes were generally shared between the short-day reared and MF-treated daphnids. CONCLUSIONS We identified several candidate genes regulating ESD which strongly suggests that these genes may be essential factors for male offspring production as an upstream regulator of MF signaling in D. pulex. This study provides new insight into the fundamental mechanisms underlying how living organisms alter their phenotypes in response to various external environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Toyota
- />Department of Basic Biology, Faculty of Life Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787 Japan
- />National Institute for Basic Biology, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585 Japan
- />Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787 Japan
| | - Hitoshi Miyakawa
- />National Institute for Basic Biology, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585 Japan
- />Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787 Japan
| | - Katsushi Yamaguchi
- />National Institute for Basic Biology, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585 Japan
| | - Shuji Shigenobu
- />Department of Basic Biology, Faculty of Life Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787 Japan
- />National Institute for Basic Biology, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585 Japan
| | - Yukiko Ogino
- />Department of Basic Biology, Faculty of Life Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787 Japan
- />National Institute for Basic Biology, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585 Japan
- />Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787 Japan
| | - Norihisa Tatarazako
- />National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506 Japan
| | - Shinichi Miyagawa
- />Department of Basic Biology, Faculty of Life Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787 Japan
- />National Institute for Basic Biology, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585 Japan
- />Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787 Japan
| | - Taisen Iguchi
- />Department of Basic Biology, Faculty of Life Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787 Japan
- />National Institute for Basic Biology, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585 Japan
- />Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787 Japan
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18
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Kennedy AJ, Laird JG, Lounds C, Gong P, Barker ND, Brasfield SM, Russell AL, Johnson MS. Inter- and intraspecies chemical sensitivity: a case study using 2,4-dinitroanisole. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015; 34:402-411. [PMID: 25476794 DOI: 10.1002/etc.2819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Insensitive munitions offer increased safety because of their "insensitivity" to unintended detonation relative to historically used formulations such as 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT). Dinitroanisole (DNAN) is an insensitive munition constituent, and its solubility and stability warrant investigations of potential toxicological hazard related to manufacturing discharges and training ranges. Although ecotoxicology data are available for other insensitive munition constituents, few data are available for DNAN. In the present study, acute and chronic exposures of a fish (Pimephales promelas) and 2 cladocerans (Ceriodaphnia dubia, Daphnia pulex) were conducted. The 50% lethal concentration (LC50) values of DNAN ranged from 14.2 mg/L to 42.0 mg/L, depending on species. In chronic exposures, fish survival (LC50 = 10.0 mg/L) was more sensitive than cladoceran survival (LC50 = 13.7 to >24.2 mg/L). However, cladoceran reproduction was equally or more sensitive to DNAN (50% inhibition values 2.7-10.6 mg/L, depending on species) than fish endpoints. Daphnia pulex was the most sensitive species, with only slight differences between the 3 populations tested. Although the aquatic toxicity of DNAN was lower than previously reported in the literature for TNT, future research is needed to determine the potential synergistic toxicity of all the constituents in insensitive munition mixtures and the implications of photo-oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan J Kennedy
- US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Environmental Laboratory, Vicksburg, Mississippi, USA
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de Carvalho-Pereira TSDA, Santos TDS, Pestana EMS, Souza FN, Lage VMGB, Nunesmaia BJB, Sena PTS, Mariano-Neto E, da Silva EM. Natural humic substances effects on the life history traits of Latonopsis australis SARS (1888) (Cladocera--Crustacea). Chemosphere 2015; 120:165-170. [PMID: 25025739 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Revised: 05/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Cultivation medium is one of the first aspects to be considered in zooplankton laboratory cultivation. The use of artificial media does not concern to reproduce natural conditions to the cultivations, which may be achieved by using natural organic compounds like humic substances (HS). This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a concentrate of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from the Negro River (NR(1)) and an extraction of humic acids (HA) from humus produced by Eisenia andrei on the life history traits of laboratory-based Latonopsis australis SARS (1888). A cohort life table approach was used to provide information about the effectiveness of NR and HA as supplements for the artificial cultivation of L. australis. Additionally, we seek to observe a maximization of L. australis artificial cultivation fitness by expanding the range of HS concentrations. The first experiment demonstrated that the females of L. australis reared under NR10 (mgDOCL(-1)) may have experienced an acceleration of the population life cycle, as the females have proportionally reproduced more and lived shorter than controls. By contrast, the use of the HA did not improve life history traits considered. The expansion of the concentration range (5, 10, 20 and 50 mgDOCL(-1)) corroborated the patterns observed on the first assay. Results for the fitness estimates combined with shorter lifespans than controls demonstrated trade-offs between reproductive output and female longevity reared under NR conditions, with NR20 been suggested as the best L. australis cultivation medium. This response might be associated with hormone-like effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thirza de Santana Santos
- Biology Institute - Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Campus de Ondina, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Edilene M S Pestana
- Biology Institute - Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Campus de Ondina, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Fábio Neves Souza
- Biology Institute - Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Campus de Ondina, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | | | - Palloma Thaís Souza Sena
- Biology Institute - Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Campus de Ondina, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Mariano-Neto
- Biology Institute - Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Campus de Ondina, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Mendes da Silva
- Biology Institute - Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Campus de Ondina, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
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Ahn SJ, Dermauw W, Wybouw N, Heckel DG, Van Leeuwen T. Bacterial origin of a diverse family of UDP-glycosyltransferase genes in the Tetranychus urticae genome. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 2014; 50:43-57. [PMID: 24727020 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2014.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) catalyze the conjugation of a variety of small lipophilic molecules with uridine diphosphate (UDP) sugars, altering them into more water-soluble metabolites. Thereby, UGTs play an important role in the detoxification of xenobiotics and in the regulation of endobiotics. Recently, the genome sequence was reported for the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, a polyphagous herbivore damaging a number of agricultural crops. Although various gene families implicated in xenobiotic metabolism have been documented in T. urticae, UGTs so far have not. We identified 80 UGT genes in the T. urticae genome, the largest number of UGT genes in a metazoan species reported so far. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that lineage-specific gene expansions increased the diversity of the T. urticae UGT repertoire. Genomic distribution, intron-exon structure and structural motifs in the T. urticae UGTs were also described. In addition, expression profiling after host-plant shifts and in acaricide resistant lines supported an important role for UGT genes in xenobiotic metabolism. Expanded searches of UGTs in other arachnid species (Subphylum Chelicerata), including a spider, a scorpion, two ticks and two predatory mites, unexpectedly revealed the complete absence of UGT genes. However, a centipede (Subphylum Myriapoda) and a water flea and a crayfish (Subphylum Crustacea) contain UGT genes in their genomes similar to insect UGTs, suggesting that the UGT gene family might have been lost early in the Chelicerata lineage and subsequently re-gained in the tetranychid mites. Sequence similarity of T. urticae UGTs and bacterial UGTs and their phylogenetic reconstruction suggest that spider mites acquired UGT genes from bacteria by horizontal gene transfer. Our findings show a unique evolutionary history of the T. urticae UGT gene family among other arthropods and provide important clues to its functions in relation to detoxification and thereby host adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Joon Ahn
- Department of Entomology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745 Jena, Germany; National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, 441-440 Suwon, Korea.
| | - Wannes Dermauw
- Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nicky Wybouw
- Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - David G Heckel
- Department of Entomology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Van Leeuwen
- Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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21
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Silva EDS, de Abreu CB, Orlando TC, Wisniewski C, dos Santos-Wisniewski MJ. Alona iheringula Sinev & Kotov, 2004 (Crustacea, Anomopoda, Chydoridae, Aloninae): life cycle and DNA barcode with implications for the taxonomy of the Aloninae subfamily. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97050. [PMID: 24878503 PMCID: PMC4039433 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of reproductive rates and life cycle of the Cladocera species is essential for population dynamic studies, secondary production and food webs, as well as the management and preservation of aquatic ecosystems. The present study aimed to understand the life cycle and growth of Alona iheringula Kotov & Sinev, 2004 (Crustacea, Anomopoda, Chydoridae), a Neotropical species, as well as its DNA barcoding, providing new information on the Aloninae taxonomy. The specimens were collected in the dammed portion of the Cabo Verde River (21°26′05″ S and 46°10′57″ W), in the Furnas Reservoir, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Forty neonates were observed individually two or three times a day under controlled temperature (25±1°C), photoperiod (12 h light/12 h dark) and feeding (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata at a concentration of 105 cells.mL−1 and a mixed suspension of yeast and fish feed in equal proportion). Individual body growth was measured daily under optical microscope using a micrometric grid and 40× magnification. The species had a mean size of 413(±29) µm, a maximum size of 510 µm and reached maturity at 3.24(±0.69) days of age. Mean fecundity was 2 eggs per female per brood and the mean number of eggs produced per female during the entire life cycle was 47.6(±6.3) eggs per female. The embryonic development time was 1.79(±0.23) days and the maximum longevity was 54 days. The species had eight instars throughout its life cycle and four instars between neonate and primipara stage. The present study using molecular data (a 461 bp smaller COI fragment) demonstrated a deep divergence in the Aloninae subfamily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika dos Santos Silva
- Instituto de Ciências da Natureza, Universidade Federal de Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG), Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, 700, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Cínthia Bruno de Abreu
- Instituto de Ciências da Natureza, Universidade Federal de Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG), Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, 700, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Tereza Cristina Orlando
- Instituto de Ciências da Natureza, Universidade Federal de Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG), Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, 700, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Célio Wisniewski
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG), Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, 700, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maria José dos Santos-Wisniewski
- Instituto de Ciências da Natureza, Universidade Federal de Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG), Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, 700, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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22
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Jiang X, Li Q, Liang H, Zhao S, Zhang L, Zhao Y, Chen L, Yang W, Xiang X. Clonal variation in growth plasticity within a Bosmina longirostris population: the potential for resistance to toxic cyanobacteria. PLoS One 2013; 8:e73540. [PMID: 24039976 PMCID: PMC3767689 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2013] [Accepted: 07/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Many aquatic organisms respond phenotypically, through morphological, behavioral, and physiological plasticity, to environmental changes. The small-size cladoceran Bosminalongirostris, a dominant zooplankter in eutrophic waters, displayed reduced growth rates in response to the presence of a toxic cyanobacterium, Microcystisaeruginosa, in their diets. The magnitude of growth reduction differed among 15 clones recently isolated from a single population. A significant interaction between clone and food type indicated a genetic basis for the difference in growth plasticity. The variation in phenotypic plasticity was visualized by plotting reaction norms with two diets. The resistance of each clone to dietary cyanobacteria was measured as the relative change in growth rates on the "poor" diet compared with the "good" diet. The enhanced resistance to M. aeruginosa in B. longirostris was derived from both the reduced slope of reaction norms and the increased mean growth rates with two diets. The large clonal variation within a B. longirostris population may contribute to local adaptation to toxic cyanobacteria and influence ecosystem function via clonal succession.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Jiang
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Qingmei Li
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huishuang Liang
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiye Zhao
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lihua Zhang
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunlong Zhao
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liqiao Chen
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Yang
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingyu Xiang
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
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Menzel S, Bouchnak R, Menzel R, Steinberg CEW. Dissolved humic substances initiate DNA-methylation in cladocerans. Aquat Toxicol 2011; 105:640-2. [PMID: 21963594 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2011.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Revised: 08/26/2011] [Accepted: 08/30/2011] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
DNA-methylation is one pathway of epigenetic programming of gene expression and can be responsive to environmental challenges such as methylating agents in the food. Here we report on the DNA-methylation in the cladocerans Daphnia magna and Moina macrocopa exposed to humic substances, ubiquitous biogeochemicals. The methylation of DNA can alter the stress response, presumably including exposure to synthetic xenobiotic chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Menzel
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Biology, Laboratory of Freshwater & Stress Ecology, Späthstrasse 80/81, D-12437 Berlin, Germany
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24
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Li J, Sheng B, Yang L, Zuo Y, Lin J, Li G. [The application value of water flea Daphnia pulex for hypoxia model]. Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi 2011; 28:823-829. [PMID: 21936389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is an important transcription factor under hypoxic condition in many organisms, and plays a key role in the induction of hypoxia tolerance. It is necessary to establish a hypoxia model for HIF and to perform further hypoxia tolerance research. To investigate the value of Daphnia as a model organism in hypoxia precondition, we developed a preconditioning protocol with a model organism, Daphnia pulex. We found that two episodes of exposure to hypoxic solution resulted in enhanced hypoxia tolerance which is dependent on HIF. Comparative genomic analysis was also made to highlight the homology of HIF-related genes among Daphnia, fruitfly and human. We found that Daphnia is suitable for the study of human hypoxic injury as a model organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Li
- Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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25
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Kato Y, Kobayashi K, Oda S, Tatarazako N, Watanabe H, Iguchi T. Cloning and characterization of the ecdysone receptor and ultraspiracle protein from the water flea Daphnia magna. J Endocrinol 2007; 193:183-94. [PMID: 17400815 DOI: 10.1677/joe-06-0228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
cDNAs encoding the ecdysone receptor (EcR) and ultra spiracle (USP) protein were cloned from the water flea Daphnia magna (Crustacea: Cladocera). The deduced EcR and USP amino acid sequences showed a high degree of homology to those of other crustaceans as well as insects. We isolated three isoforms of EcR that differ in the A/B domain. Quantitative PCR analysis indicated differing temporal expression patterns of the EcR isoforms during the molting period and demonstrated that the expression of one subtype correlated well with the timing of molt. Using cDNAs encoding EcR and USP, we constructed a Daphnia EcR/USP reporter based on a two-hybrid system. The gene fusions encoded the EcR ligand-binding domain (LBD) fused to the Gal4 DNA-binding domain, and the USP-LBD fused to the Vp16 activation domain. These chimeric genes were transfected with a luciferase reporter gene. Dose-dependent activation of the reporter gene could be observed when transfectants were exposed to Ec and other chemicals known to have Ec-like activities. This two-hybrid system may represent a useful reporter system for further examination of hormonal and chemical effects on Daphnia at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiko Kato
- Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
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26
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Abstract
Although trends are of central interest to evolutionary biology, it is only recently that methodological advances have allowed rigorous statistical tests of putative trends in the evolution of discrete traits. Oligomerization is one such proposed trend that may have profoundly influenced evolutionary pathways in many types of animals, especially arthropods. It is a general hypothesis that repeated structures (such as appendage segments and spines) tend to evolve primarily through loss. Although largely untested, this principle of loss is commonly invoked in morphological studies of crustaceans for drawing conclusions about the systematic placements of taxa and about their phylogeny. We present a statistical evaluation of this hypothesis using a molecular phylogeny and character matrix for a family of crustaceans, the Chydoridae, analysed using maximum likelihood methods. We find that a unidirectional (loss-only) model of character evolution is a very poor fit to the data, but that there is evidence of a trend towards loss, with loss rates of structures being perhaps twice the rates of gain. Thus, our results caution against assuming loss a priori, in the absence of appropriate tests for the characters under consideration. However, oligomerization, considered as a tendency but not a rule, may indeed have had ramifications for the types of functional and ecological shifts that have been more common during evolutionary diversification.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Adamowicz
- Division of Biology, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot SL5 7PY, UK.
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27
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Lopes I, Baird DJ, Ribeiro R. Resistance to metal contamination by historically-stressed populations of Ceriodaphnia pulchella: environmental influence versus genetic determination. Chemosphere 2005; 61:1189-97. [PMID: 16263389 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.02.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2004] [Revised: 01/25/2005] [Accepted: 02/22/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Field populations of daphnids historically-stressed by metal contamination may show increased resistance to those contaminants. This study was undertaken aiming to confirm/infirm three main hypotheses: (1) field populations living in historically-impacted environments are more tolerant to metal stress than populations from reference sites; (2) resistance differences are genetically-determined, i.e., differences persist after controlling for environmental and maternal effects, by acclimating cloned lineages to similar conditions; and (3) resistance to stress in field populations living in historically-impacted environments is due to the disappearance of sensitive individuals rather than the appearance of highly resistant ones, i.e., the shift in the central tendency of resistance is linked to a decrease in the range of population resistance and not to an increased upper limit of the population resistance. Three populations of the cladoceran Ceriodaphnia pulchella Sars in Southern Portugal were sampled; one of which has been historically-stressed by acid mine drainage (AMD) from an abandoned cupric-pyrite mine and two from reference sites within the same watershed. To assess if resistance differences were genetically-determined, the three populations were acclimated for at least five generations under the same controlled conditions. Assays with AMD contaminated water samples were performed with both non-acclimated and acclimated individuals from all studied populations. Reproduction results in sub-lethal assays revealed significant differences between the reference and stressed populations. Significant differences in resistance to lethal levels of toxicity were observed for both non-acclimated and acclimated populations, individuals from population I being more resistant than those from reference populations. The existence of genetically-determined sensitivity differences was attested by the presence of significant differences in resistance to lethal levels of toxicity in acclimated individuals from reference and stressed populations. Results from cumulative mortality assays revealed that sensitive individuals were most probably present in the original population, but no conclusion could be draw about the presence of extreme resistant individuals in the historically-stressed population. Finally, it was shown that responses among populations converged from high to low levels of contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Lopes
- Instituto do Ambiente e Vida, Departamento de Zoologia da Universidade de Coimbra, Largo Marquês de Pombal, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
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28
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Colautti RI, Manca M, Viljanen M, Ketelaars HAM, Bürgi H, Macisaac HJ, Heath DD. Invasion genetics of the Eurasian spiny waterflea: evidence for bottlenecks and gene flow using microsatellites. Mol Ecol 2005; 14:1869-79. [PMID: 15910312 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2005.02565.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The Eurasian spiny waterflea (Bythotrephes longimanus) is a predacious zooplankter that has increased its range in Europe and is rapidly invading inland water-bodies throughout North America's Great Lakes region. To examine the genetics of these invasions, we isolated five microsatellite DNA loci with between 5 and 19 alleles per locus. We sampled three populations where B. longimanus has been historically present (Switzerland, Italy, and Finland) as well as an introduced European population (the Netherlands) and three North American populations (Lakes Erie, Superior, Shebandowan). Consistent with a bottleneck during colonization (i.e. founder effect), average heterozygosities of the four European populations ranged from 0.310 to 0.599, and were higher than that of three North American populations (0.151-0.220). Pairwise F(ST) estimates among North American populations (0.002-0.063) were not significantly different from zero and were much lower than among European populations (0.208-0.474). This is consistent with a scenario of high gene flow among North American populations relative to that of European ones. Contrary to an invasion bottleneck, however, Erie and Superior populations contained similar numbers of rare alleles as European populations. Assignment tests identified several migrant genotypes in all introduced populations (the Netherlands, Erie, Superior, Shebandowan), but rarely in native ones (Switzerland, Italy and Finland). A large number of genotypes from North America were assigned to our Italian population suggesting a second, previously unidentified, invasion source somewhere in the region of northern Italy. Together, our results support an invasion bottleneck for North American populations that has been largely offset by gene flow from multiple native sources, as well as gene flow among introduced populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert I Colautti
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Ave., Windsor, ON N9B 3P4 Canada.
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29
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Figuerola J, Green AJ, Michot TC. Invertebrate Eggs Can Fly: Evidence of Waterfowl‐Mediated Gene Flow in Aquatic Invertebrates. Am Nat 2005; 165:274-80. [PMID: 15729656 DOI: 10.1086/427092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2004] [Accepted: 10/21/2004] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Waterfowl often have been assumed to disperse freshwater aquatic organisms between isolated wetlands, but no one has analyzed the impact of this transport on the population structure of aquatic organisms. For three cladocerans (Daphnia ambigua, Daphnia laevis, and Sida crystallina) and one bryozoan (Cristatella mucedo), we estimated the genetic distances between populations across North America using sequences of several mitochondrial DNA genes and genotypic frequencies at allozyme and microsatellite loci. Waterfowl movements across North America (estimated from band recovery data) explained a significant proportion of the gene flow occurring between populations across the continent for three of the four species, even after controlling for geographic distances between localities. The fourth species, S. crystallina, has propagules less likely to survive desiccation or ingestion by birds. Differences in the capacity to exploit bird-mediated transport are likely to have important consequences for the ecology of aquatic communities and the spread of invasive species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Figuerola
- Department of Applied Biology, Estación Biológica de Doñana, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla, Spain.
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30
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Rose RM, Warne MSJ, Lim RP. Sensitivity of offspring to chronic 3,4-dichloroaniline exposure varies with maternal exposure. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2004; 58:405-412. [PMID: 15223266 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2003.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2003] [Revised: 09/05/2003] [Accepted: 09/29/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Many anthropogenic pollutants are present in aquatic systems for extended periods of time. Populations in the field may be exposed to toxicants for several generations, which may affect their sensitivity to toxicants. Ceriodaphnia cf. dubia mass cultures were maintained for four generations in various concentrations of 3,4-dichoroaniline (0, 2.5, 5, 10, and 15 microg/L) and were reestablished every generation using fourth-brood neonates. Each generation, chronic toxicity tests were initiated using fourth-brood neonates from each mass culture treatment. Significantly (P < 0.05) reduced sensitivity to 3,4-dichloroaniline compared to control animals was shown by F1 offspring from mothers exposed to 15 microg/L, F2 offspring from mothers exposed to 5, 10, and 15 microg/L, F3 offspring from mothers exposed to 10 and 15 microg/L, and F4 offspring from mothers exposed to all 3,4-dichloroaniline treatments (2.5, 5, 10, and 15 microg/L). Possible explanations for the development of tolerance, and the possible implications of tolerance, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca M Rose
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia
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31
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Abstract
The evolutionary success of arthropods has been attributed partly to the diversity of their limb morphologies. Large morphological diversity and increased specialization are observed in water flea (Cladocera) limbs, but it is unclear whether the increased limb specialization in different cladoceran orders is the result of shared ancestry or parallel evolution. We inferred a robust among-order cladoceran phylogeny using small-subunit and large-subunit rRNA nuclear gene sequences, signature sequence regions, novel stem-loops and secondary structure morphometrics to assess the phylogenetic distribution of limb specialization. The sequence-based and structural rRNA morphometric phylogenies were congruent and suggested monophyly of orders with raptorial limbs, but paraphyly of orders with reduced numbers of specialized limbs. These results highlight the utility of complex molecular structural characters in resolving ancient rapid radiations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D Swain
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
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32
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Abstract
The Black, Azov, Caspian and Aral Seas, remnants of the intracontinental Paratethys basin, are home to a spectacular diversity of crustaceans. This study examines the past history of the Ponto-Caspian fauna through comparative phylogeographical studies on both benthic and planktonic taxa, based on an examination of nucleotide diversity in the mitochondrial, cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene. The COI data reveal a striking example of phylogeographical concordance. All species analysed, three amphipods and three cladocerans, are characterized by two monophyletic clades corresponding to the Black and Caspian regions. However, this phylogeographical partition is, on average, four times deeper for the benthic amphipods than for the planktonic cladocerans. Based on standard molecular clocks, the Black and Caspian lineages of benthic crustaceans diverged at varied intervals from 1 to 8 million years ago. By contrast, planktonic lineages are more recent with their divergence occurring in the last million years. Levels of intraspecific polymorphisms are variable and generally lower in planktonic than benthic taxa. The mechanisms responsible for the high diversity of crustaceans in the Ponto-Caspian region are discussed on the basis of these results.
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