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Kwon OB, Hwang DW, Kang DH, Yoo SJ, Lee DH, Kwon M, Jang SW, Cho HW, Kim SD, Park KS, Kim ES, Lee YJ, Kim D, Ha IH. Effectiveness of lumbar motion style acupuncture treatment on inpatients with acute low back pain: A pragmatic, randomized controlled trial. Complement Ther Med 2024; 82:103035. [PMID: 38513746 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2024.103035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE This parallel, single-center, pragmatic, randomized controlled study aimed to investigate the effectiveness and safety of motion style acupuncture treatment (MSAT; a combination of acupuncture and Doin therapy) to reduce pain and improve the functional disability of patients with acute low back pain (aLBP) due to road traffic accidents. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ninety-six patients with aLBP admitted to the Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine in South Korea due to traffic accidents were treated with integrative Korean medicine (IKM) with additional 3-day MSAT sessions during hospitalization (MSAT group, 48 patients) or without (control group, 48 patients), and followed up for 90 days. RESULTS The mean numeric rating scale (NRS) scores of low back pain (LBP) of the MSAT and control groups were both 6.7 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.3, 7.1) at baseline. After completing the third round of all applicable treatment sessions (the primary endpoint in this study), the mean NRS scores of the MSAT and control groups were 3.76 (95% CI: 3.54, 3.99) and 5.32 (95% CI: 5.09, 5.55), respectively. The difference in the mean NRS score between the two groups was 1.56 (95% CI: 1.25, 1.87). CONCLUSION IKM treatment combined with MSAT can reduce pain and improve the range of motion of patients with aLBP. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial is registered at ClinicalTrial.gov (NCT04956458).
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Affiliation(s)
- Oh-Bin Kwon
- Department of Acupuncture & Moxibustion, Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan 48102, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Wook Hwang
- Department of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation, Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan 48102, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyeob Kang
- Department of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation, Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan 48102, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Joon Yoo
- Department of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation, Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan 48102, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Hoon Lee
- Department of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation, Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan 48102, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjin Kwon
- Department of Internal Korean Medicine, Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan 48102, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Woo Jang
- Department of Oriental Neuropsychiatry, Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan 48102, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Cho
- Department of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation, Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan 48102, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Don Kim
- Department of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation, Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan 48102, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyong Sun Park
- Department of Korean Medicine Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Seoul 06110, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-San Kim
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, 540, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06110, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Jae Lee
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, 540, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06110, Republic of Korea
| | - Doori Kim
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, 540, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06110, Republic of Korea.
| | - In-Hyuk Ha
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, 540, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06110, Republic of Korea.
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Yoo DH, Choi JY, Lee SG, Choi KW, Park HB, Kim H, Cho H, Kim SD, Kim D, Lee YJ, Park KS, Ha IH. Long-Term Follow-Up of Inpatients with Rotator Cuff Tear Who Received Integrative Korean Medicine Treatment: A Retrospective Analysis and Questionnaire Survey. Explore (NY) 2024; 20:212-221. [PMID: 37689574 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2023.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Rotator cuff tear is one of the most common causes of shoulder pain and has become a prominent disease most frequently treated by surgery. OBJECTIVES To investigate the long-term therapeutic effect of integrative Korean medicine (KM) as a conservative treatment in treating rotator cuff tears. DESIGN A multicenter observational study. SETTINGS The settings involve four regional network KM hospitals. PATIENTS The study participants are 288 patients aged 19-70 with rotator cuff tear identified by radiologist based on magnetic resonance imaging who received integrative KM treatment for the chief complaint of shoulder pain between 1 January 2015 and 31 March 2020. INTERVENTION None. MAIN OUTCOMES The primary outcome was the pain score in the affected shoulder, measured by the numeric rating scale (NRS). The secondary outcomes were Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI), 5-Level Quality of life: EuroQol 5-Dimension (EQ-5D-5L), Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC), and range of motion (ROM) scores. RESULTS Eligible patients for MCID achievement analysis for minimally clinical important change were 167, and 109 completed the follow-up survey. The mean NRS pain score in the affected shoulder was 5.80 ± 1.27 at admission, 3.50 ± 1.32 at discharge, and 3.83 ± 2.04 at follow-up.The mean SPADI score was 51.48 ± 20.18 at admission, 37.76 ± 19.23 at discharge, and 24.26 ± 21.80 at follow-up. The improvement at discharge (P-value < 0.001) and follow-up (P-value < 0.001) compared to those at admission was statistically significant. The results also presented a significant improvement in ROM for all motions at discharge after treatment (P-value < 0.001). The number of patients who achieved minimal clinically important difference in NRS was 116 (69.5%) at discharge and 71 (65.1%) at follow-up, and in SPADI was 82 (50.9%) at discharge and 77 (70.6%) at follow-up. CONCLUSION The results of this study suggested that integrative KM treatment can help improve pain, functional impairment, QoL, and ROM in patients with a rotator cuff tear TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT04566939.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hwi Yoo
- Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan, 48102, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Yong Choi
- Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan, 48102, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Gun Lee
- Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan, 48102, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Won Choi
- Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan, 48102, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Bin Park
- Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan, 48102, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Kim
- Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan, 48102, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Cho
- Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan, 48102, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Don Kim
- Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan, 48102, Republic of Korea
| | - Doori Kim
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul, 06110, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Jae Lee
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul, 06110, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Sun Park
- Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Seoul, 06110, Republic of Korea.
| | - In-Hyuk Ha
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul, 06110, Republic of Korea.
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Hwang DW, Yoo DH, Bae IS, Youn JH, Yoon KY, Jang WS, Lee YJ, Park JH, Cho HW, Kim SD, Lee YJ, Yang C, Han CH, Kim D, Park KS, Ha IH. Effectiveness of motion style acupuncture treatment for patients with shoulder disorders: A prospective observational study. Explore (NY) 2023; 19:832-841. [PMID: 37353458 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2023.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Shoulder disorders impair the ability to work. In most cases, the primary symptoms caused by shoulder disorders consist of pain and limitations in the range of motion. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of motion style acupuncture treatment (MSAT), a conservative treatment modality for shoulder disorders. DESIGN prospective observational study SETTING: A Korean Medicine hospital PATIENTS: Eighty outpatients with shoulder disorders INTERVENTION: Either MSAT with integrative Korean medicine treatment (MSAT group; n = 40) or integrative Korean medicine treatment only (control group; n = 40). OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was the shoulder range of motion (ROM), and the secondary outcomes were the numeric rating scale (NRS), visual analog scale (VAS), shoulder pain and disability index (SPADI), and 5-level EuroQol 5-dimension (EQ-5D-5L) scores. RESULTS At the primary endpoint (2 weeks from the start of the treatment), the MSAT group showed statistically significantly larger ROM for all motions, except adduction ROM, compared to the control group [Flexion ROM (165.10±4.14 vs. 150.49±4.06; P<0.001), extension ROM (43.24±1.55 vs. 40.56±1.51; P<0.05), abduction ROM (160.92±5.68 vs. 134.95±5.54; P<0.001), internal rotation ROM (73.38±2.96 vs. 65.00±2.89; P<0.001), and external rotation ROM (73.78±3.61 vs. 65.88±3.50; P<0.01)]. Additionally, the MSAT group showed significantly lower NRS, SPADI scores at week 2 than the control group; this trend was maintained until the 3-month follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wook Hwang
- Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hwi Yoo
- Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Su Bae
- Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Heum Youn
- Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Young Yoon
- Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Suk Jang
- Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Lee
- Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hun Park
- Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Woo Cho
- Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Don Kim
- Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Jae Lee
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Changsop Yang
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hyun Han
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Korean Convergence Medical Science, University of Science & Technology (UST), School of Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Doori Kim
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Sun Park
- Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - In-Hyuk Ha
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Choi J, Choi Y, Kim SD. Body distribution and ecotoxicological effect of nanoplastics in freshwater fish, Zacco platypus. Chemosphere 2023; 341:140107. [PMID: 37683945 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
The increased consumption of plastics worldwide, has led to the emergence of nanoplastics as important environmental pollutants. Despite the presence of nanoplastics in aquatic environments, their effects on ecosystems remain largely unexplored due to the analysis complexity. This study investigated the organ accumulation and toxic effects of 50 nm polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) in Zacco platypus (Z. platypus; also known as pale chub fish) using pyrolyzer-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Pyr-GC/MS). PS-NPs accumulated in Z. platypus' brain, digestive tract, branchia, and liver, causing changes at cellular level. Over a 14-day exposure, the accumulated PS-NPs led to observable changes in fish behavior (e.g., Total traveled distance and maximum velocity). In addition, the oxidative stress in each organ of Z. platypus increased as the exposure concentration of PS-NPs increased. This study shows that accumulation of nanoplastics in fish, resulting in behavioral changes and biochemical toxicity. As the pattern of change magnifies with exposure time and concentration, from a long-term perspective, the influence of nanoplastics on aquatic ecosystems become evident. This underscores the urgency for continuous research into the potential risks of nanoplastics in aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwon Choi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Yeowool Choi
- Department of Economic and Environmental Research, The Incheon Institute, 98 Simgok-ro, Seo-gu, Incheon, 22711, South Korea.
| | - Sang Don Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea; Environmental Analysis Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea.
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Kim SD, Jeong TY. Special Issue "Emerging approaches in environmental toxicology and pollutant analysis". Environ Geochem Health 2023; 45:6767-6768. [PMID: 37566166 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01723-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Don Kim
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Tae-Yong Jeong
- Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Yong-in, South Korea.
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Park J, Choi Y, Kim SD. Distribution and transformation of organophosphate esters in moving bed biofilm reactor. Environ Geochem Health 2023; 45:6823-6834. [PMID: 36472682 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01444-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) process in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) uses plastic carriers, called biofilm carrier, to increase their treatment efficiency. Biofilm carrier is made up of plastic, containing the OPEs as flame retardants or plasticizers, so OPEs in biofilm carrier are possible to release from WWTPs to the river. This study investigated the effect of the MBBR process in WWTP on aquatic environments, focusing on OPEs. OPE eluted from the biofilm carrier by leaching test was tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP), and the concentration of the effluent compared to the influent was increased in the WWTP of the MBBR process. 3609 mg/day of TCEP would be discharged into the water using the second-order model with rate constant [Formula: see text] = 0.000451 (ng L-1)-1 h-1, which is the most suitable for the leaching concentration of TCEP. It was identified that TCEP in biofilm carrier was transformed into oxidative dechlorinated compounds and oxidative compounds by microorganisms in the bioreactor. As a result of the study, it was confirmed that not only TCEP but also transformation products of TCEP emitted into the water from the MBBR process of WWTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehyeon Park
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeowool Choi
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang Don Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
- Center for Environmental Analysis, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
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Razak MR, Aris AZ, Yusoff FM, Yusof ZNB, Abidin AAZ, Kim SD, Kim KW. Risk assessment of bisphenol analogues towards mortality, heart rate and stress-mediated gene expression in cladocerans Moina micrura. Environ Geochem Health 2023; 45:3567-3583. [PMID: 36450975 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01442-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a well-known endocrine-disrupting compound that causes several toxic effects on human and aquatic organisms. The restriction of BPA in several applications has increased the substituted toxic chemicals such as bisphenol F (BPF) and bisphenol S (BPS). A native tropical freshwater cladoceran, Moina micrura, was used as a bioindicator to assess the adverse effects of bisphenol analogues at molecular, organ, individual and population levels. Bisphenol analogues significantly upregulated the expressions of stress-related genes, which are the haemoglobin and glutathione S-transferase genes, but the sex determination genes such as doublesex and juvenile hormone analogue genes were not significantly different. The results show that bisphenol analogues affect the heart rate and mortality rate of M. micrura. The 48-h lethal concentration (LC50) values based on acute toxicity for BPA, BPF and BPS were 611.6 µg L-1, 632.0 µg L-1 and 819.1 µg L-1, respectively. The order of toxicity based on the LC50 and predictive non-effect concentration values were as follows: BPA > BPF > BPS. Furthermore, the incorporated method combining the responses throughout the organisation levels can comprehensively interpret the toxic effects of bisphenol analogues, thus providing further understanding of the toxicity mechanisms. Moreover, the output of this study produces a comprehensive ecotoxicity assessment, which provides insights for the legislators regarding exposure management and mitigation of bisphenol analogues in riverine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Raznisyafiq Razak
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Zaharin Aris
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
- International Institute of Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 71050, Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
| | - Fatimah Md Yusoff
- International Institute of Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 71050, Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zetty Norhana Balia Yusof
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Aisamuddin Ardi Zainal Abidin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sang Don Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Woong Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
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Razak MR, Aris AZ, Yusoff FM, Yusof ZNB, Kim SD, Kim KW. De Novo Transcriptomic and Life-History Responses of Moina Micrura Under Stress Environment Conditions. Mar Biotechnol (NY) 2023; 25:473-487. [PMID: 37310522 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-023-10220-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Moina micrura represents a promising model species for ecological and ecotoxicological investigations in tropical freshwater ecosystems. Illumina NovaSeq™ 6000 sequencing was employed in this study to analyze M. micrura across three distinct developmental stages: juvenile, adult, and male. Current study successfully annotated 51,547 unigenes (73.11%) derived from seven (7) different databases. A total of 554 genes were found to be significantly upregulated, while 452 genes showed significant downregulation between juvenile and male. Moreover, 1001 genes were upregulated, whereas 830 genes exhibited downregulation between the adult and male. Analysis of differentially expressed genes revealed upregulation of chitin, cuticle, myosin (MYO), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), fibrillin (FBN), cytochrome (CYP), glutathione s-transferase (GST), vitellogenin (VTG), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and transforming growth factor beta (TGFB) under unfavorable environmental conditions (male), as compared to favorable environmental conditions (juveniles and adults). These alterations in gene expression significantly impact the phenological and life-history traits of M. micrura. Furthermore, the upregulation of hemoglobin (HMB), doublesex (DSX), juvenile hormone analogs (JHA), heat shock protein (HSP), and methyltransferase (METT) genes in males initiates the sex-switching effects observed in M. micrura. These findings hold substantial value for researchers interested in determining M. micrura sequences for future investigations of gene expression and comparative reproductive genome analysis within the Moina genus and cladoceran families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Raznisyafiq Razak
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Zaharin Aris
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
- International Institute of Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Negeri Sembilan, 71050, Port Dickson, Malaysia.
| | - Fatimah Md Yusoff
- International Institute of Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Negeri Sembilan, 71050, Port Dickson, Malaysia
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zetty Norhana Balia Yusof
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sang Don Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-Ro, Buk-Gu, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Woong Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-Ro, Buk-Gu, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
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Kim JY, Jeon J, Kim SD. Prioritization of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the surface waters of Korea: Application of an optimized risk-based methods. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2023; 259:115024. [PMID: 37201424 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of PPCPs in aquatic environments and their potential adverse effects on aquatic organisms have raised worldwide concerns. To address this issue, a study was conducted to analyze 137 selected PPCPs in Korean surface waters, and an optimized risk-based prioritization was performed. The results revealed that 120 PPCPs were detected, with 98 quantified at concentrations ranging from few ng/L to 42,733 ng/L for metformin. The 95% upper confidence limit (UCL95) of the mean value of the measured environmental concentration (MEC) for Metformin was about eight times higher than the second highest compound, dimethyl phthalate, indicating that antidiabetic groups had the highest concentration among the therapeutic groups. An optimized risk-based prioritization was then assessed based on the multiplication of two indicators, the Frequency of Exceedance and the Extent of Exceedance of Predicted No-Effect Concentrations (PNECs), which can be calculated using the traditional risk quotient (RQ) approach. The study found that clotrimazole had the highest risk quotient value of 17.4, indicating a high risk to aquatic organisms, with seven and 13 compounds showing RQ values above 1 and 0.1, respectively. After considering the frequency of exceedance, clotrimazole still had the highest novel risk quotient (RQf) value of 17.4, with 99.6% of its MECs exceeding PNECs. However, the number of compounds with RQf values above 1 decreased from seven to five, with cetirizine and flubendazole being excluded. Furthermore, only 10 compounds exhibited RQf values above 0.1. The study also observed significant differences in the results between risk-based and exposure-based prioritization methods, with only five compounds, cetirizine, olmesartan, climbazole, sulfapyridine, and imidacloprid, identified in both methods. This finding highlights the importance of considering multiple methods for prioritizing chemicals, as different approaches may yield different results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yub Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-Gwagiro, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Junho Jeon
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon, Gyeongsangnamdo 51140, Republic of Korea; School of Smart and Green Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon, Gyeongsangnamdo 51140, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Don Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-Gwagiro, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
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Razak MR, Aris AZ, Zainuddin AH, Yusoff FM, Balia Yusof ZN, Kim SD, Kim KW. Acute toxicity and risk assessment of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) in tropical cladocerans Moina micrura. Chemosphere 2023; 313:137377. [PMID: 36457264 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are gaining worldwide attention because of their toxicity, bioaccumulative and resistance to biological degradation in the environment. PFAS can be categorised into endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and identified as possible carcinogenic agents for the aquatic ecosystem and humans. Despite this, only a few studies have been conducted on the aquatic toxicity of PFAS, particularly in invertebrate species such as zooplankton. This study evaluated the acute toxicity of two main PFAS, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), by using freshwater cladocerans (Moina micrura) as bioindicators. This study aimed to assess the adverse effects at different levels of organisations such as organ (heart size and heart rate), individual (individual size and mortality) and population (lethal concentration, LC50). PFOA was shown to be more hazardous than PFOS, with the LC50 values (confidence interval) of 474.7 (350.4-644.5) μg L-1 and 549.6 (407.2-743.9) μg L-1, respectively. As the concentrations of PFOS and PFOA increased, there were declines in individual size and heart rate as compared to the control group. The values of PNECs acquired by using the AF method (PNECAF) for PFOA and PFOS were 0.4747 and 0.5496 μg L-1, respectively. Meanwhile, the PNEC values obtained using the SSD method (PNECSSD) were 1077.0 μg L-1 (PFOA) and 172.5 μg L-1 (PFOS). PNECAF is more protective and conservative compared to PNECSSD. The findings of this study have significant implications for PFOS and PFOA risk assessment in aquatic environments. Thus, it will aid freshwater sustainability and safeguard the human dependency on water resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Raznisyafiq Razak
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Zaharin Aris
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; International Institute of Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 71050 Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
| | - Azim Haziq Zainuddin
- International Institute of Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 71050 Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Fatimah Md Yusoff
- International Institute of Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 71050 Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia; Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zetty Norhana Balia Yusof
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sang Don Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 61005 Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Woong Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 61005 Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Kim S, Kim M, Kim H, Baek SS, Kim W, Kim SD, Cho KH. Chemical accidents in freshwater: Development of forecasting system for drinking water resources. J Hazard Mater 2022; 432:128714. [PMID: 35358764 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Chemical accidents have threatened drinking water safety and aquatic systems when hazardous chemicals flow into inland waterbodies through pipelines in industrial complexes. In this study, a forecasting system was developed for the prevention of drinking water resource pollution by considering chemical transport/fate through both pipelines and river channels. To this end, we coupled a pipe network model (Storm Water Management Model) with a calibrated hydrodynamic model (Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code). In addition, we investigated whether chemical transport through pipelines would make a difference in chemical concentration predictions. For both pipelines and river channels, the results showed lower peak concentrations than those without pipelines, whereas the time of peak concentration did not change significantly. When chemicals were transported with both pipelines and river channels, the peak concentrations were 25.81% and 41.91% lower than those of chemicals carried directly into the Han and Geum Rivers without the pipeline transport. Further, our system is automated from scenario generation to analysis and usage is straightforward, with a simple input of accident information. The results of this study can be utilized to establish a safe water supply system and preliminary countermeasures against accidental water pollution in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soobin Kim
- School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjeong Kim
- Disposal Safety Evaluation Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), 111, Daedeok-daero 989 beon-gil, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34057, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyein Kim
- School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Soo Baek
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan-Si, Gyeongbuk 38541, South Korea
| | - Woojung Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Don Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Hwa Cho
- School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Razak MR, Aris AZ, Md Yusoff F, Yusof ZNB, Kim SD, Kim KW. Assessment of RNA extraction protocols from cladocerans. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264989. [PMID: 35472091 PMCID: PMC9041806 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The usage of cladocerans as non-model organisms in ecotoxicological and risk assessment studies has intensified in recent years due to their ecological importance in aquatic ecosystems. The molecular assessment such as gene expression analysis has been introduced in ecotoxicological and risk assessment to link the expression of specific genes to a biological process in the cladocerans. The validity and accuracy of gene expression analysis depends on the quantity, quality and integrity of extracted ribonucleic acid (RNA) of the sample. However, the standard methods of RNA extraction from the cladocerans are still lacking. This study evaluates the extraction of RNA from tropical freshwater cladocerans Moina micrura using two methods: the phenol-chloroform extraction method (QIAzol) and a column-based kit (Qiagen Micro Kit). Glycogen was introduced in both approaches to enhance the recovery of extracted RNA and the extracted RNA was characterised using spectrophotometric analysis (NanoDrop), capillary electrophoresis (Bioanalyzer). Then, the extracted RNA was analysed with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to validate the RNA extraction method towards downstream gene expression analysis. The results indicate that the column-based kit is most suitable for the extraction of RNA from M. micrura, with the quantity (RNA concentration = 26.90 ± 6.89 ng/μl), quality (A260:230 = 1.95 ± 0.15, A280:230 = 1.85 ± 0.09) and integrity (RNA integrity number, RIN = 7.20 ± 0.16). The RT-PCR analysis shows that the method successfully amplified both alpha tubulin and actin gene at 33-35 cycles (i.e. Ct = 32.64 to 33.48). The results demonstrate that the addition of glycogen is only suitable for the phenol-chloroform extraction method. RNA extraction with high and comprehensive quality control assessment will increase the accuracy and reliability of downstream gene expression, thus providing more ecotoxicological data at the molecular biological level on other freshwater zooplankton species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Raznisyafiq Razak
- Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Department of Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Zaharin Aris
- Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Department of Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- International Institute of Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Fatimah Md Yusoff
- International Institute of Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Aquaculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zetty Norhana Balia Yusof
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, Department of Biochemistry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sang Don Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Woong Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Cho HW, Park JH, Yoo DH, Hwang DW, Kim SD, Kim ES, Park KS, Lee YJ, Lee J, Yang C, Han CH, Ha IH. Long-Term Follow-Up of Inpatients with Cervical Myelopathy Who Received Integrative Korean Medicine Treatment: A Retrospective Analysis and Questionnaire Survey Study. J Pain Res 2022; 15:801-812. [PMID: 35370420 PMCID: PMC8974247 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s347410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Woo Cho
- Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan, 48102, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hun Park
- Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan, 48102, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hwi Yoo
- Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan, 48102, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Wook Hwang
- Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan, 48102, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Don Kim
- Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan, 48102, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-San Kim
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul, 06110, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Sun Park
- Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Seoul, 06110, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Jae Lee
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul, 06110, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinho Lee
- Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Seoul, 06110, Republic of Korea
| | - Changsop Yang
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hyun Han
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
- Korean Convergence Medical Science, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine School, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: Chang Hyun Han, Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea, Tel +82 42-868-9498, Email
| | - In-Hyuk Ha
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul, 06110, Republic of Korea
- In-Hyuk Ha, Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, 3F 538 Gangnam-daero, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06110, Republic of Korea, Tel +82 2-2222-2740, Email
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Choi Y, Hao C, Helm PA, Bhavsar SP, Kim SD. Organophosphate esters in Great Lakes fish: An improved analysis to assess concentrations and human exposure via consumption. Sci Total Environ 2022; 807:150981. [PMID: 34666087 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are flame retardant and plasticizer chemicals added to electronics, furniture, textiles, and other building materials and consumer products. In this study, fillets of fish often caught by anglers in the North American Great Lakes, Lake Trout (Salvelinus namaycush) across four Great Lakes and nearshore fish species near the large urban and industrial centers of Toronto and Hamilton, Canada, were analyzed for 22 OPEs. A rapid microextraction of homogenized tissues with methanol dramatically reduced preparation and sample handling time while achieving recoveries of 69-141%, and the optimized liquid chromatographic separation improved isomeric separations, including aryl-OPEs. Twelve of the 22 OPEs were detected, with frequencies of detection ranging from 8.3% to 98%, and five compounds were detected in >50% of the fish. The average ± standard deviation for the sum of 12 OPEs (ΣOPE12) ranged from 9.6 ± 0.9 (L. Erie 2017) to 74 ± 44 (L. Superior 2001) ng/g wet weight in Lake Trout, and 12 ± 2.7 to 35 ± 30 ng/g wet weight in nearshore fish species from the Toronto and Hamilton areas. The aryl-OPEs were dominant in Lake Trout, comprising 32-77% of total ΣOPE12 concentrations. In nearshore fish, the OPE patterns reflected the relative degree of exposure to run-off and wastewater inputs in the sampled receiving environments. The intake of OPEs via human consumption of Great Lakes Lake Trout and nearshore fish was estimated to range 6.5-31 ng/kg body weight/day, which is approximately 1-2 orders of magnitude lower than exposures via indoor air and ingestion/inhalation of dusts, and 3 orders of magnitude lower than estimated reference doses. The inclusion of additional OPE analytes enabled patterns of exposure and accumulation to be distinguished in fish of different species and location, and were related to source and food web influences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeowool Choi
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Chunyan Hao
- Laboratory Services Branch, Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks, 125 Resources Road, Toronto, Ontario M9P 3V6, Canada.
| | - Paul A Helm
- Environmental Monitoring & Reporting Branch, Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks, 125 Resources Road, Toronto, Ontario M9P 3V6, Canada; School of the Environment, University of Toronto, 33 Willcocks St., Suite 1016V, Toronto, ON M5S 3E8, Canada
| | - Satyendra P Bhavsar
- Environmental Monitoring & Reporting Branch, Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks, 125 Resources Road, Toronto, Ontario M9P 3V6, Canada; School of the Environment, University of Toronto, 33 Willcocks St., Suite 1016V, Toronto, ON M5S 3E8, Canada
| | - Sang Don Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Choi Y, Jeon J, Kim SD. Identification of biotransformation products of organophosphate ester from various aquatic species by suspect and non-target screening approach. Water Res 2021; 200:117201. [PMID: 34015574 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Organic pollutants that are introduced into the aquatic ecosystem can transform by various mechanisms. Biotransformation is an important process for predicting the remaining structures of pollutants in the ecosystem, and their toxicity. This study focused on triphenyl phosphate (TPHP), which is a commonly used organophosphate flame retardant and plasticizer. Since TPHP is particularly toxic to aquatic organisms, it is essential to understand its biotransformation in the aquatic environment. In the aquatic ecosystem, based on consideration of the producer-consumer-decomposer relationship, the biotransformation products of TPHP were identified, and their toxicity was predicted. Liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry was used for target, suspect, and non-target analysis. The obtained biotransformation products were estimated for toxicity based on the prediction model. As a result, 29 kinds of TPHP biotransformation products were identified in the aquatic ecosystem. Diphenyl phosphate was detected as a common biotransformation product through a hydrolysis reaction. In addition, products were identified by the biotransformation mechanisms of green algae, daphnid, fish, and microorganism. Most of the biotransformation products were observed to be less toxic than the parent compound due to detoxification except some products (hydroquinone, beta-lyase products, palmitoyl/stearyl conjugated products). Since various species exist in a close relationship with each other in an ecosystem, an integrated approach for not only single species but also various connected species is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeowool Choi
- Convergence Technology Research Center, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Junho Jeon
- Graduate School of FEED of Eco-Friendly Offshore Structure, Changwon National University, Changwon, Gyeongsangnamdo 51140, Republic of Korea; School of Civil, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon, Gyeongsangnamdo 51140, Republic of Korea; Dept. of Smart Ocean Environmental Energy
| | - Sang Don Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
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Choi Y, Kim SD. Identification and Toxicity Prediction of Biotransformation Molecules of Organophosphate Flame Retardants by Microbial Reactions in a Wastewater Treatment Plant. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105376. [PMID: 34065337 PMCID: PMC8160787 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) are substances added to plastics, textiles, and furniture, and are used as alternatives to brominated flame retardants. As the use of OPFRs increases in the manufacturing industry, the concentration in the aquatic environment is also increasing. In this study, OPFRs introduced into a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) were identified, and the toxicity of biotransformation molecules generated by the biological reaction was predicted. Tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate, tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate, and triphenyl phosphate were selected as research analytes. Chemicals were analyzed using high-resolution mass spectrometry, and toxicity was predicted according to the structure. As a result, tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate showed the highest concentration, and the removal rate of OPFRs in the WWTP was 0–57%. A total of 15 biotransformation products were produced by microorganisms in the WWTP. Most of the biotransformation products were predicted to be less toxic than the parent compound, but some were highly toxic. These biotransformation products, as well as OPFRs, could flow into the water from the WWTP and affect the aquatic ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeowool Choi
- Convergence Technology Research Center, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Ansan 15588, Korea
| | - Sang Don Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea
- Center for Chemicals Risk Assessment, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea
- Correspondence:
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Park JH, Choi KE, Kim SG, Chu HY, Lee SW, Kim TJ, Cho HW, Kim SD, Park KS, Lee YJ, Lee JH, Ha IH. Long-Term Follow-Up of Inpatients with Failed Back Surgery Syndrome Who Received Integrative Korean Medicine Treatment: A Retrospective Analysis and Questionnaire Survey Study. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10081703. [PMID: 33920914 PMCID: PMC8071221 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10081703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: this study aimed to investigate the long-term clinical efficacy and satisfaction degree of integrative Korean medicine (KM) treatment for patients with failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS). Methods: we performed a follow-up questionnaire survey and retrospective analysis of medical records for patients with FBSS who underwent inpatient treatment for ≥ 1 week. The primary evaluation indices were numeric rating scale (NRS) scores for low back pain (LBP) and leg pain at admission and discharge. Sub-evaluation indices included the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and EuroQol 5-dimension (EQ-5D) score. The follow-up questionnaire survey obtained information regarding previous surgeries; reasons for satisfaction/dissatisfaction with surgical and KM treatment; and current status. Results: compared with at admission, there was a significant post-treatment decrease in the NRS scores for LBP and leg pain, as well as the ODI score. Further, there was a significant post-treatment increase in the EQ-5D score. Regarding the patients’ global impression of change for KM treatment administered during admission and at the follow-up questionnaire survey, 101 (95.3%) patients selected “minimally improved” or better. Conclusion: integrative KM treatment could effectively reduce pain, as well as improve function and health-related quality of life, in patients with FBSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Hun Park
- Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan 48102, Korea; (J.-H.P.); (K.-E.C.); (S.-G.K.); (H.-Y.C.); (S.-W.L.); (T.-J.K.); (H.-W.C.); (S.D.K.)
| | - Kang-Eah Choi
- Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan 48102, Korea; (J.-H.P.); (K.-E.C.); (S.-G.K.); (H.-Y.C.); (S.-W.L.); (T.-J.K.); (H.-W.C.); (S.D.K.)
| | - Sang-Gyun Kim
- Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan 48102, Korea; (J.-H.P.); (K.-E.C.); (S.-G.K.); (H.-Y.C.); (S.-W.L.); (T.-J.K.); (H.-W.C.); (S.D.K.)
| | - Hui-Yeong Chu
- Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan 48102, Korea; (J.-H.P.); (K.-E.C.); (S.-G.K.); (H.-Y.C.); (S.-W.L.); (T.-J.K.); (H.-W.C.); (S.D.K.)
| | - Sang-Woon Lee
- Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan 48102, Korea; (J.-H.P.); (K.-E.C.); (S.-G.K.); (H.-Y.C.); (S.-W.L.); (T.-J.K.); (H.-W.C.); (S.D.K.)
| | - Tae-Ju Kim
- Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan 48102, Korea; (J.-H.P.); (K.-E.C.); (S.-G.K.); (H.-Y.C.); (S.-W.L.); (T.-J.K.); (H.-W.C.); (S.D.K.)
| | - Hyun-Woo Cho
- Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan 48102, Korea; (J.-H.P.); (K.-E.C.); (S.-G.K.); (H.-Y.C.); (S.-W.L.); (T.-J.K.); (H.-W.C.); (S.D.K.)
| | - Sang Don Kim
- Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Busan 48102, Korea; (J.-H.P.); (K.-E.C.); (S.-G.K.); (H.-Y.C.); (S.-W.L.); (T.-J.K.); (H.-W.C.); (S.D.K.)
| | - Kyoung Sun Park
- Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Seoul 06110, Korea; (K.S.P.); (J.H.L.)
| | - Yoon Jae Lee
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul 06110, Korea;
| | - Jin Ho Lee
- Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Seoul 06110, Korea; (K.S.P.); (J.H.L.)
| | - In-Hyuk Ha
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul 06110, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2222-2740
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Yeom J, Kim I, Kim M, Cho K, Kim SD. Coupling of the AQUATOX and EFDC Models for Ecological Impact Assessment of Chemical Spill Scenarios in the Jeonju River, Korea. Biology (Basel) 2020; 9:biology9100340. [PMID: 33086610 PMCID: PMC7603242 DOI: 10.3390/biology9100340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, an ecological impact was assessed for the short-term leak scenario through the AQUATOX-EFDC model, which combines the proven ecological model AQUATOX with the hydrodynamic model EFDC. A case study of the coupled AQUATOX-EFDC model was conducted for 30-30,000 kg toluene leak scenarios in the Jeonju River in South Korea. A 21-day scenario simulation was conducted, and the impact of the toluene spill accident was evaluated by comparing the biomass between the control simulation and the perturbed simulation. As a result of the simulation, it was found that in the scenario in which 3000 kg of toluene was leaked for a day, a substantial change was expected in the range of 0-640 m from the accident site. Additionally, for a 30,000 kg leak, a substantial change was expected in the range of 0-2300 m from the accident site, and the greatest damage was observed for the fish species group, the top predators. As a result, the AQUATOX-EFDC simulation showed a significant ecological impact, and the proposed model will be helpful to understand the ecological impact and establish the management strategy for the ecological risk of the chemical spill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehoon Yeom
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea;
| | - Injeong Kim
- Jeonbuk Department of Inhalation Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup 56212, Korea;
| | - Minjeong Kim
- School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 689-798, Korea; (M.K.); (K.C.)
| | - Kyunghwa Cho
- School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 689-798, Korea; (M.K.); (K.C.)
| | - Sang Don Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea;
- Center for Chemicals Risk Assessment, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-62-715-2445
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Kim I, Park K, Lee K, Park M, Lim H, Shin H, Kim SD. Application of various cytotoxic endpoints for the toxicity prioritization of fine dust (PM2.5) sources using a multi-criteria decision-making approach. Environ Geochem Health 2020; 42:1775-1788. [PMID: 31734831 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-019-00469-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Fine dust (PM2.5) is generated from various sources, and many studies have reported on the sources of PM2.5. However, the current research on PM2.5 toxicity based on its sources is insufficient. In this study, we developed a framework for the prioritization of fine dust (PM2.5) sources on the basis of the multi-endpoint toxicities using the multi-criteria decision-making method (MCDM). To obtain the multi-endpoint toxicities of PM2.5 sources, cell mortality, reactive oxygen species (ROS), inflammation and mutagenicity were measured for diesel exhaust particles (DEP), gasoline exhaust particles (GEP), rice straw burning particles (RBP), coal combustion particles (CCP) and tunnel dust particles (TDP). The integrative toxicity score (ITS) of the PM2.5 source was calculated using MCDM, which consist of four steps: (1) defining the decision-making matrix, (2) normalization and weighting, (3) calculating the ITS (linear aggregation) and (4) a global sensitivity analysis. The indicator of cell mortality had the highest weight (0.3780) followed by inflammation (0.2471), ROS (0.2178) and mutagenicity (0.1571). Additionally, the ITS based on the sources contributing to PM2.5 resulted in the following order: DEP (0.89), GEP (0.44), RBP (0.40), CCP (0.23) and TDP (0.06). The relative toxicity index (RTI), which represents the ratio of toxicity due to the difference in sources, increases as the contribution of the highly toxic sources increases. The RTI over 1 is closely associated with an increased contribution from highly toxic sources, such as diesel exhaust, gasoline exhaust and biomass burning. It is necessary to investigate the toxicity of various PM2.5 sources and PM2.5 risk based on the sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Injeong Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
- Center for Chemicals Risk Assessment, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Kihong Park
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - KwangYul Lee
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Minhan Park
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Heungbin Lim
- Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanjae Shin
- R&D Headquarter, KT&G, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Don Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
- Center for Chemicals Risk Assessment, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
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Choi Y, Jeon J, Choi Y, Kim SD. Characterizing biotransformation products and pathways of the flame retardant triphenyl phosphate in Daphnia magna using non-target screening. Sci Total Environ 2020; 708:135106. [PMID: 31791763 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Triphenyl phosphate (TPHP), one of the organophosphate flame retardants, has been widely used in manufacturing, thereby causing a gradual increase in TPHP concentrations in aquatic environments. However, the information on the biotransformation mechanism of TPHP in invertebrates is lacking. The study identified the biotransformation products of TPHP in Daphnia magna, which showed particularly high toxicity in aquatic organisms, and determined the rates of depuration. Daphnia magna, a standard species for toxicity studies, was exposed to triphenyl phosphate and transferred to the pure medium. The biotransformation products of TPHP and its depuration rates were determined by liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. Nine biotransformation products (five in the positive mode and four in the negative mode) of triphenyl phosphate were identified in D. magna. Based on the depuration ratio, the major biotransformation mechanism is estimated to be cysteine conjugation and sulfation. Certain biotransformation products (diphenyl phosphate, hydroxylated triphenyl phosphate, and thiol triphenyl phosphate) might induce toxicity in biota. The results could be used to predict main biotransformation processes and toxic products of organophosphate flame retardants in aquatic invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeowool Choi
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Junho Jeon
- Graduate School of FEED of Eco-Friendly Offshore Structure, Changwon National University, Changwon, Gyeongsangnamdo 51140, Republic of Korea; School of Civil, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon, Gyeongsangnamdo 51140, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghun Choi
- Graduate School of FEED of Eco-Friendly Offshore Structure, Changwon National University, Changwon, Gyeongsangnamdo 51140, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Don Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
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Kim I, Lee K, Lee S, Kim SD. Characteristics and health effects of PM 2.5 emissions from various sources in Gwangju, South Korea. Sci Total Environ 2019; 696:133890. [PMID: 31465927 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that the toxicity of fine dust particles (PM2.5) is linked to specific components rather than their mass. However, research on the chemical composition and health risk of PM2.5 is insufficient. This study analyzed the metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) present in PM2.5 and evaluated their risk to health during outdoor activities. The concentration of metals was one order of magnitude higher than that of PAHs and the concentration and detection frequency of OCPs and PCBs were considerably lower than those of metals and PAHs. The lifetime excess cancer risk (LECR) for carcinogens in PM2.5 exceeded de minimis risk (1 × 10-6) as 1.33-3.44 × 10-6 (at 5th-95th percentile) as Cr(VI), As, and Cd showed high contributions. Children in the 2 < years <18 age group had a high risk of cancer due to early-life susceptibility. The proportion of ∑Metals to LECR was approximately 95%, while ∑PAHs attributed to 5% of total LECR. The effects of ∑OCPs and 2,3',4,4',5'-Pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB-123) on LECR were negligible. The hazard quotient (HQ) for non-carcinogens was <1, and non-carcinogenic effects were not expected. Mn, BaP, Pb, As, and Cd were the key determinants of the HQ values and among the identified PM2.5 sources they are closely related to industrial activities, oil combustion, and gasoline exhaust. Therefore, control strategies for these sources can effectively reduce PM2.5 risk. This study measured the concentrations of toxic compounds in ambient PM2.5 and considered only PM2.5 exposure during outdoor activities. PM2.5 health risk during the entire day would be higher than the PM2.5 risk determined in this study, and further research is required for this evaluating this risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Injeong Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangyul Lee
- School of Frontier Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 9201192, Japan
| | - Sunhong Lee
- Korea Water Resources Corporation, 200 Sintanjin-ro, Daedeok-gu, Deajeon 34350, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Don Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea; Center for Chemicals Risk Assessment, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
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Lee S, Kim J, Kim I, Jang M, Hwang Y, Kim SD. Prediction of Cd toxicity to Daphnia magna in the mixture of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and kaolinite. Environ Geochem Health 2019; 41:2011-2021. [PMID: 30778789 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-019-00255-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated cadmium toxicity created by adsorption kinetics in several mixtures containing two types of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (COOH-MWCNT and NH2-MWCNT) and natural kaolinite. Characteristics of two types of MWCNTs were measured by zeta potential and ATR FT-IR graphs and TEM images. The solution of CNTs and kaolinite was tested to study Cd adsorption kinetics and mechanisms of differentiation-associated toxicity using Daphnia magna in a binary system (Cd-MWCNTs and Cd-kaolinite) and a ternary system (Cd-MWCNTs-kaolinite). In the binary system, Cd removal efficiency was nearly 100% and 40% for MWCNTs and kaolinite because of surface charge, respectively, with increasing sorbent concentration. In the ternary system, the trend of adsorption rate was similar to that of binary system. In comparison with percent mortality in the binary system, the solution in the ternary system showed higher toxicity due to the interaction of MWCNTs-kaolinite coagulated particles, thereby decreasing Cd adsorption onto CNTs and kaolinites. Overall, kaolinite can affect the adsorption process of Cd on MWCNTs in negative ways, depending on adsorption state. In conclusion, our studies suggest that kaolinite differs with adsorption ability of Cd by MWCNTs, and toxicity is likely to be produced by multivariable regression in the adsorption state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyeon Lee
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea
| | - Junyub Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea
| | - Injeong Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea
| | - Minhee Jang
- Future Environmental Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 17 Jegokkil, Jinju, Gyeongsang Province, South Korea
| | - Yusik Hwang
- Future Environmental Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 17 Jegokkil, Jinju, Gyeongsang Province, South Korea
| | - Sang Don Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea.
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Kim I, Lee S, Kim SD. Determination of toxic organic pollutants in fine particulate matter using selective pressurized liquid extraction and gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1590:39-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Kim I, Lee Y, Kim SD. Cytotoxicity induced by the mixture components of nickel and poly aromatic hydrocarbons. Environ Geochem Health 2019; 41:391-400. [PMID: 29934778 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-018-0139-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Although particulate matter (PM) is composed of various chemicals, investigations regarding the toxicity that results from mixing the substances in PM are insufficient. In this study, the effects of low levels of three PAHs (benz[a]anthracene, benzo[a]pyrene, and dibenz[a,h]anthracene) on Ni toxicity were investigated to assess the combined effect of Ni-PAHs on the environment. We compared the difference in cell mortality and total glutathione (tGSH) reduction between single Ni and Ni-PAHs co-exposure using A549 (human alveolar carcinoma). In addition, we measured the change in Ni solubility in chloroform that was triggered by PAHs to confirm the existence of cation-π interactions between Ni and PAHs. In the single Ni exposure, the dose-response curve of cell mortality and tGSH reduction were very similar, indicating that cell death was mediated by the oxidative stress. However, 10 μM PAHs induced a depleted tGSH reduction compared to single Ni without a change in cell mortality. The solubility of Ni in chloroform was greatly enhanced by the addition of benz[a]anthracene, which demonstrates the cation-π interactions between Ni and PAHs. Ni-PAH complexes can change the toxicity mechanisms of Ni from oxidative stress to others due to the reduction of Ni2+ bioavailability and the accumulation of Ni-PAH complexes on cell membranes. The abundant PAHs contained in PM have strong potential to interact with metals, which can affect the toxicity of the metal. Therefore, the mixture toxicity and interactions between diverse metals and PAHs in PM should be investigated in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Injeong Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea
| | - Yeseul Lee
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea
| | - Sang Don Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea.
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Park M, Joo HS, Lee K, Jang M, Kim SD, Kim I, Borlaza LJS, Lim H, Shin H, Chung KH, Choi YH, Park SG, Bae MS, Lee J, Song H, Park K. Differential toxicities of fine particulate matters from various sources. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17007. [PMID: 30451941 PMCID: PMC6242998 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35398-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Fine particulate matters less than 2.5 µm (PM2.5) in the ambient atmosphere are strongly associated with adverse health effects. However, it is unlikely that all fine particles are equally toxic in view of their different sizes and chemical components. Toxicity of fine particles produced from various combustion sources (diesel engine, gasoline engine, biomass burning (rice straw and pine stem burning), and coal combustion) and non-combustion sources (road dust including sea spray aerosols, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, and secondary organic aerosols (SOA)), which are known major sources of PM2.5, was determined. Multiple biological and chemical endpoints were integrated for various source-specific aerosols to derive toxicity scores for particles originating from different sources. The highest toxicity score was obtained for diesel engine exhaust particles, followed by gasoline engine exhaust particles, biomass burning particles, coal combustion particles, and road dust, suggesting that traffic plays the most critical role in enhancing the toxic effects of fine particles. The toxicity ranking of fine particles produced from various sources can be used to better understand the adverse health effects caused by different fine particle types in the ambient atmosphere, and to provide practical management of fine particles beyond what can be achieved only using PM mass which is the current regulation standard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhan Park
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hung Soo Joo
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Anyang University, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangyul Lee
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoseon Jang
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sang Don Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Injeong Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Lucille Joanna S Borlaza
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Heungbin Lim
- Department of Industrial Plant Science & Technology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanjae Shin
- R&D Headquarter, KT&G, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Hyuck Chung
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Hyeong Choi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Gachon University Graduate School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Gu Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Gachon University Graduate School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Suk Bae
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Mokpo National University, Muan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyi Lee
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hangyul Song
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kihong Park
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
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Jeong TY, Asselman J, De Schamphelaere KAC, Van Nieuwerburgh F, Deforce D, Kim SD. Effect of β-adrenergic receptor agents on cardiac structure and function and whole-body gene expression in Daphnia magna. Environ Pollut 2018; 241:869-878. [PMID: 29913414 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Propranolol (PRO), a human β-AR (β-adrenergic receptor) antagonist, is considered to result in specific effects in a non-target species, D. magna, based on our previous studies. The present study investigated the effects of β-AR agents, including an antagonist and agonist using pharmacologically relevant endpoints as well as a more holistic gene expression approach to reveal the impacts and potential mode of actions (MOAs) in the model non-target species. Results show that the responses in cardiac endpoints and gene expression in D. magna are partially similar but distinguishable from the observations in different organisms. No effect was observed on heart size growth in PRO and isoprenaline (ISO) exposure. The contraction capacity of the heart was decreased in ISO exposure, and the heart rate was decreased in PRO exposure. Time-series exposures showed different magnitudes of effect on heart rate and gene expression dependent on the type of chemical exposure. Significant enrichment of gene families involved in protein metabolism and biotransformation was observed within the differentially expressed genes, and we also observed differential expression in juvenile hormone-inducible proteins in ISO and PRO exposure, which is suspected of having endocrine disruption potential. Taken together, deviation between the effects of PRO and ISO in D. magna and other organisms suggests dissimilarity in MOAs or attributes of target bio-molecules between species. Additionally, PRO and ISO may act as endocrine disruptors based on the gene expression observation. Results in the present study confirm that it is challenging to predict ecological impact of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) based on the available data acquired through human-focused studies. Furthermore, the present study provided unique data and a case study on the impact of APIs in a non-target organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Yong Jeong
- Department of Physical and Environmental Science, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, Ontario, M1C1A4, Canada; School of Earth Science and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea
| | - Jana Asselman
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, J. Plateaustraat 22, Β-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karel A C De Schamphelaere
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, J. Plateaustraat 22, Β-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Dieter Deforce
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sang Don Kim
- School of Earth Science and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea.
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Kim TH, Yu S, Choi Y, Jeong TY, Kim SD. Profiling the decomposition products of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) irradiated using an electron beam. Sci Total Environ 2018; 631-632:1295-1303. [PMID: 29727953 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) has been found in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and in surface water as a result of domestic uses of textiles, electronics, and surfactants. The detection of PFOS in the aqueous environment has been linked to hazardous biological effects including estrogenicity and genotoxicity. To provide an alternative to conventional processes, one of the radical-based advanced oxidation and reduction processes being tested for treatment of refractory compounds in water, involves the use of an electron beam. Therefore, the aims of this study were to investigate the degradation efficiency of PFOS (100mg/L) by electron beam, to evaluate the predicted toxicity of the radiolysis products using the ECOSAR model, and to identify the radiolytic products of PFOS. As a result of using the ECOSAR model, the toxicity levels of by-products after electron beam treatment were reduced by decreasing the carbon-chain number of PFOS. The molecular structures of the radiolytic products were elucidated using authentic standards via liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry, and by the interpretation of MS2 fragmentation patterns of each product using liquid chromatography with quadrupole time of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS). In total, ten radiolytic products were confirmed by LC-MS/MS, HPLC, and IC data matching with commercial standards. The two radiolytic substances produced during irradiation with an electron beam were predicted by LC-QTOF-MS. This study led to an understanding of the role of electron beams in the transformation of parent compounds and to the decomposition products created when an electron beam is applied to treat perfluorinated compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Hun Kim
- Industry and Environment Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungho Yu
- Industry and Environment Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeowool Choi
- School of Earth Science and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Yong Jeong
- Department of Physical and Environmental Science, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, Ontario M1C1A4, Canada
| | - Sang Don Kim
- School of Earth Science and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Republic of Korea.
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Ko KJ, Kim YH, Kwon KH, Kim MH, Jun KW, Hwang JK, Kim SD, Park SC, Kim JI, Yun SS, Moon IS. Kidney Transplantation Using Expanded-Criteria Deceased Donors: A Comparison With Ideal Deceased Donors and Non-Expanded-Criteria Deceased Donors. Transplant Proc 2018; 50:3222-3227. [PMID: 30577189 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The use of expanded-criteria deceased-donor (ECD) kidneys must be evaluated within the objective perspective of critical organ shortage and graft function and survival. In this study, we aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of ECD reliance with concurrent use of ideal-criteria deceased donors (IDDs) and non-ECDs in adult renal transplantation. METHODS Between February 2000 and December 2015, we analyzed 405 deceased-donor renal transplants, specifically 129 grafts (31.9%) from ECDs, 233 grafts (57.5%) from non-ECDs, and 43 grafts (10.6%) from IDDs. ECDs were classified according to the United Network for Organ Sharing guidelines, while an IDD was defined as a younger person (10-39 years of age) with no medical risk factors who died from a traumatic head injury. Donor and recipient risk factors were separately analyzed and correlated with recipient graft function, and survival was evaluated. RESULTS ECDs were older (56.8 ± 6.3 years); showed increased incidence of hypertension, diabetes, and cerebrovascular brain death; and had a higher pre-retrieval serum creatinine level than the other groups. ECD kidney recipients were also older (50.6 ± 9.8 years), had a shorter waiting time (P = .031), and demonstrated a low frequency of re-transplantation (P = .028). Long-term renal function followed longitudinally was lower in ECD kidney recipients until five years after transplantation, while the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) level at 7 and 10 years did not differ significantly among the groups (P = .074 and .262, respectively). There were no significant differences in terms of graft survival (P = .394) or patient survival (P = .737) among the groups. CONCLUSIONS Although the long-term renal function followed longitudinally was lower in ECD kidney recipients, the use of renal grafts from ECDs is an acceptable method to resolve the disparity of critical organ shortage. However, the classification of the high-risk group should be updated with consideration given to differences in regional characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Ko
- Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y H Kim
- Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K H Kwon
- Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M H Kim
- Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K W Jun
- Department of Surgery, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - J K Hwang
- Department of Surgery, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - S D Kim
- Department of Surgery, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - S C Park
- Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J I Kim
- Department of Surgery, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - S S Yun
- Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - I S Moon
- Department of Surgery, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Park J, Ra JS, Rho H, Cho J, Kim SD. Validation of a biotic ligand model on site-specific copper toxicity to Daphnia magna in the Yeongsan River, Korea. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2018; 149:108-115. [PMID: 29154134 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine whether the water effect ratio (WER) or biotic ligand model (BLM) could be applied to efficiently develop water quality criteria (WQC) in Korea. Samples were collected from 12 specific sites along the Yeongsan River (YSR), Korea, including two sewage treatment plants and one estuary lake. A copper toxicity test using Daphnia magna was performed to determine the WER and to compare to the BLM prediction. The results of the WER from YSR samples also indicated significantly different copper toxicities in all sites. The model-based predictions showed that effluent and estuary waters had significantly different properties in regard to their ability to be used to investigate water characteristics and copper toxicity. It was supposed that the slight water characteristics changes, such as pH, DOC, hardness, conductivity, among others, influence copper toxicity, and these variable effects on copper toxicity interacted with the water composition. The 38% prediction was outside of the validation range by a factor of two in all sites, showing a poor predictive ability, especially in STPs and streams adjacent to the estuary, while the measured toxicity was more stable. The samples that ranged from pH 7.3-7.7 generated stable predictions, while other samples, including those with lower and the higher pH values, led to more unstable predictions. The results also showed that the toxicity of Cu in sample waters to D. magna was closely proportional to the amounts of acidity, including the carboxylic and phenolic groups, as well as the DOC concentrations. Consequently, the acceptable prediction of metal toxicity in various water samples needs the site-specific results considering the water characteristics such as pH and DOC properties particularly in STPs and estuary regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhee Park
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Sung Ra
- Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, 143 Hanggaulro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojung Rho
- School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeweon Cho
- School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Don Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
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Rwiza MJ, Oh SY, Kim KW, Kim SD. Comparative sorption isotherms and removal studies for Pb(II) by physical and thermochemical modification of low-cost agro-wastes from Tanzania. Chemosphere 2018; 195:135-145. [PMID: 29268172 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Corn and rice husks, agro-wastes available in large quantities in Tanzania, were used to remove Pb2+ from aqueous solution. Husks were used in raw form, pyrolyzed form, and chemically modified form. Material characterization was carried out using the BET method, FTIR spectroscopy, SEM, pHPZC, and cation exchange capacity analysis. Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R), and Temkin isotherms were used to elucidate Pb2+ sorption mechanisms. The surface area and cation exchange capacity (CEC) of untreated and chemically treated biochars were significantly higher than that of raw husks. Sorption data for Pb2+ for all biosorbents fit the Freundlich and D-R models well with high R2 values. Most of the synthesized biosorbents in this study indicated >90% for Pb2+ removal, with the ZnCl2-treated corn husk biochar sorption capacities ranking highest in all modeling results. Surface morphological features (e.g., micropores and fissures) and acidic and unsaturated functional groups may have significantly contributed to the observed Pb2+ removal efficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mwemezi Johaiven Rwiza
- Materials, Energy, Water and Environmental Sciences, The Nelson Mandela African Institute of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Seok-Young Oh
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Ulsan, 93 Daehak-ro, Nam-gu, Ulsan, 680-749, South Korea
| | - Kyoung-Woong Kim
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Techonology (GIST), 261 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 500-712, South Korea
| | - Sang Don Kim
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Techonology (GIST), 261 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 500-712, South Korea.
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Jeong TY, Yoon D, Kim S, Kim HY, Kim SD. Mode of action characterization for adverse effect of propranolol in Daphnia magna based on behavior and physiology monitoring and metabolite profiling. Environ Pollut 2018; 233:99-108. [PMID: 29059631 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Studies are underway to gather information about the mode of action (MOA) of emerging pollutants that could guide practical environmental decision making. Previously, we showed that propranolol, an active pharmaceutical ingredient, had adverse effects on Daphnia magna that were similar to its pharmaceutical action. In order to characterize the mode of action of propranolol in D. magna, which is suspected to be organ-specific pharmaceutical action or baseline toxicity, we performed time-series monitoring of behavior along with heart rate measurements and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) based metabolite profiling. Principle component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering were used to categorize the mode of action of propranolol among 5 chemicals with different modes of action. The findings showed that the mode of action of propranolol in D. magna is organ-specific and vastly different from those of narcotics, even though metabolite regulation is similar between narcotic and non-narcotic candidates. The method applied in this study seems applicable to rapid characterization of the MOA of other cardiovascular pharmaceutical ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Yong Jeong
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Dahye Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro, 63 Beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhkmann Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro, 63 Beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Young Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Don Kim
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
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Bhuiyan MSA, Kim HJ, Lee DH, Lee SH, Cho SH, Yang BS, Kim SD, Lee SH. Genetic parameters of carcass and meat quality traits in different muscles (longissimus dorsi and semimembranosus) of Hanwoo (Korean cattle). J Anim Sci 2018; 95:3359-3369. [PMID: 28805895 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2017.1493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We estimated heritability () and genetic and phenotypic correlations for carcass and meat quality traits of longissimus dorsi (LD) and semimembranosus (SM) muscles in 30-mo-old Hanwoo steers. Variance and covariance components were estimated using REML procedures under univariate and bivariate models. The mean carcass weight (CWT), eye muscle area (EMA), back fat thickness (BFT), and marbling score (MS) were 428.20 ± 46.30 kg, 87.38 ± 8.54 cm2, 13.00 ± 5.14 mm, and 5.21 ± 1.56, respectively. The mean CIE reflectance of meat lightness (L*), redness (a*), and yellowness (b*) were 40.01 ± 2.73, 22.37 ± 2.18, and 10.35 ± 1.46, respectively, in LD muscles and 36.33 ± 2.44, 22.91 ± 2.43, and 10.25 ± 1.65, respectively, in SM muscles. The mean Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF), intramuscular fat content (IMF), water-holding capacity (WHC), and protein and ash content in LD and SM muscles were 3.84 ± 0.96 and 6.52 ± 1.21 kg, 15.91 ± 4.39 and 5.10 ± 1.94%, 62.07 ± 3.38 and 71.61 ± 2.06%, 20.01 ± 1.39 and 21.34 ± 0.89%, and 0.80 ± 0.10 and 0.93 ± 0.07, respectively. The estimates of CWT, EMA, BFT, and MS were 0.51 ± 0.13, 0.45 ± 0.13, 0.29 ± 0.09, and 0.22 ± 0.08, respectively. The estimates were moderate for meat quality traits and were 0.37 ± 0.12, 0.40 ± 0.12, 0.33 ± 0.10, 0.33 ± 0.10, 0.30 ± 0.11, and 0.24 ± 0.09 for L*, WBSF, IMF, WHC, and protein and ash content, respectively, in LD muscle; estimates from SM muscle were comparatively low (0.08 ± 0.06 to 0.25 ± 0.09). Estimates of for a* and b* were also low (0.08 ± 0.06 to 0.13 ± 0.07). Carcass weight had a moderate, positive genetic correlation with EMA (0.60 ± 0.13) and a weak correlation with MS and BFT. The genetic correlations among the 3 colorimeter variants were strong and positive within and between muscles. Intramuscular fat content had moderate to strong and negative genetic correlations with WBSF (-0.49 ± 0.18), WHC (-0.99 ± 0.01), and protein (-0.93 ± 0.04) and ash content (-0.98 ± 0.06) in LD muscle, whereas the associations were less pronounced in SM muscle. In general, CWT and EMA had low genetic and phenotypic correlations with meat quality traits, which suggests that the traits are independent and have distinct genetic contributions in each muscle. Conversely, with few exceptions, meat quality traits had genetic and phenotypic correlations with MS and BFT. In conclusion, the estimated genetic parameters for carcass and meat quality traits could be used for genetic evaluation and breeding programs in Korean Hanwoo cattle populations.
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Kim HY, Asselman J, Jeong TY, Yu S, De Schamphelaere KAC, Kim SD. Multigenerational Effects of the Antibiotic Tetracycline on Transcriptional Responses of Daphnia magna and Its Relationship to Higher Levels of Biological Organizations. Environ Sci Technol 2017; 51:12898-12907. [PMID: 29023098 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b05050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Given the risk of environmental pollution by pharmaceutical compounds and the effects of these compounds on exposed ecosystems, ecologically relevant and realistic assessments are required. However, many studies have been mostly focused on individual responses in a single generation exposed to one-effect concentrations. Here, transcriptional responses of the crustacean Daphnia magna to the antibiotic tetracycline across multiple generations and effect concentrations were investigated. The results demonstrated that tetracycline induced different transcriptional responses of daphnids that were dependent on dose and generation. For example, reproduction-related expressed sequence tags (ESTs), including vitellogenin, were distinctly related to the dose-dependent tetracycline exposure, whereas multigenerational exposure induced significant change of molting-related ESTs such as cuticle protein. A total of 65 ESTs were shared in all contrasts, suggesting a conserved mechanism of tetracycline toxicity regardless of exposure concentration or time. Most of them were associated with general stress responses including translation, protein and carbohydrate metabolism, and oxidative phosphorylation. In addition, effects across the dose-response curve showed higher correlative connections among transcriptional, physiological, and individual responses than multigenerational effects. In the multigenerational exposure, the connectivity between adjacent generations decreased with increasing generation number. The results clearly highlight that exposure concentration and time trigger different mechanisms and functions, providing further evidence that multigenerational and dose-response effects cannot be neglected in environmental risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Young Kim
- Research and Development Division, Korea Institute of Nuclear Nonproliferation and Control (KINAC) , 1534 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054 Republic of Korea
| | - Jana Asselman
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology (GhEnToxLab), Ghent University , Ghent, B-9000 Belgium
| | - Tae-Yong Jeong
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) , 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005 Republic of Korea
| | - Seungho Yu
- Radiation Research Division for Industry and Environment, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute , Jeongeup-Si, Jeollabuk-Do, 56212 Republic of Korea
| | - Karel A C De Schamphelaere
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology (GhEnToxLab), Ghent University , Ghent, B-9000 Belgium
| | - Sang Don Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) , 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005 Republic of Korea
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Kim W, Lee Y, Kim SD. Developing and applying a site-specific multimedia fate model to address ecological risk of oxytetracycline discharged with aquaculture effluent in coastal waters off Jangheung, Korea. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2017; 145:221-226. [PMID: 28738205 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The overuse of oxytetracycline (OTC) in aquaculture has become a problem because of its chronic toxic effects on marine ecosystems. The present study assessed the ecological risk of OTC in the coastal waters near the Jangheung Flatfish Farm using a site-specific multimedia fate model to analyze exposure. Before the model was applied, its performance was validated by comparing it with field data. The coastal waters in the testbed were sampled and analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) followed by solid-phase extraction (SPE). The concentrations of OTC measured varied from 7.05 to 95.39ng/L. The results of validating the models showed that the site-specific multimedia fate model performed better (root mean square error (RMSE): 24.217, index of agreement (IOA): 0.739) than conventional fugacity approaches. This result demonstrated the utility of this model in supporting effective future management of aquaculture effluent. The results of probabilistic risk assessment indicated that OTC from aquaculture effluent did not cause adverse effects, even in a maximum-use scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woojung Kim
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu Gwangju 500-712, South Korea
| | - Yunho Lee
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu Gwangju 500-712, South Korea
| | - Sang Don Kim
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu Gwangju 500-712, South Korea; Center for Chemicals Risk Assessment, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu Gwangju 500-712, South Korea.
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Jeong TY, Yuk MS, Jeon J, Kim SD. Multigenerational effect of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) on the individual fitness and population growth of Daphnia magna. Sci Total Environ 2016; 569-570:1553-1560. [PMID: 27396314 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the multigenerational effect of PFOS to individual fitness (e.g., body weight, acetylcholinesterase and glutathione S-transferase) and population growth (e.g., offspring number and time to first brood) of Daphnia magna during continuous and discontinuous exposures. The intrinsic rate of population growth was also calculated. In the continuous exposure, population growth-related adverse effects were detected during all test periods, and the adverse effect tended to be weaker in later generations. On the other hand, individual fitness-related adverse effects were observed from F1 not in F0 and deteriorated as the generation number increased. These results imply that individual fitness worsens although the population growth is restored in later generations. Upon discontinuous exposure, a few but significant adverse effects were observed during the non-exposure period and highest effects were detected during the re-exposure period. This encourages the study of different exposure scenarios, which may result in unexpected and higher PFOS toxicity. Consequently, this study confirms adverse effects of PFOS to Daphnia magna in multigenerational period and supports reasons for studies linking individual fitness changes to population dynamics and covering diverse exposure scenarios to evaluate the risk of PFOS in a water environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Yong Jeong
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 1 Oryong dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Su Yuk
- Ewha-Solvay Research and Innovation Center, 150 Bukahyun-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-140, Republic of Korea
| | - Junho Jeon
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Changwon National University, 20 Changwondaehak-ro, Uichang-gu, Changwon-si 641-773, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Don Kim
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 1 Oryong dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea.
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Jeong TY, Kim TH, Kim SD. Bioaccumulation and biotransformation of the beta-blocker propranolol in multigenerational exposure to Daphnia magna. Environ Pollut 2016; 216:811-818. [PMID: 27373739 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Multigenerational bioaccumulation and biotransformation activity and short-term kinetics (e.g., uptake and depuration) of propranolol in Daphnia magna were investigated at environmental concentration. The body burden and the major metabolite, desisopropyl propranolol (DIP), of propranolol were quantified using LC-MS/MS at the end of each generation after exposure for 11 generations. The accumulation of propranolol in D. magna at an environmental concentration of 0.2 μg/L was not much different between the parent (F0) and the eleventh filial (F10) generation. However, at 28 μg/L, its accumulation was 1.6 times higher-up to 18.9 μg/g-in the F10 generation relative to the F0. In contrast to propranolol, DIP intensity gradually increased from F0 to F10 at 0.2 μg/L, reflecting an increase in detoxification load and biotransformation performance; no increasing trend was observed at 28 μg/L. The bioaccumulation factor (BAF) showed higher values with a lower concentration and longer period of exposure. The average values of the BAF for 21 days of long-term exposure in successive 11 generations were 440.4 ± 119.7 and 1026.5 ± 208.6 L/kg for 28 μg/L and 0.2 μg/L, respectively. These are comparable to the BAF of 192 for the short-term 72-h exposure at 28 μg/L in the parent generation. It is also recommended that future studies for pharmaceutical ingredients be conducted on drug-drug interaction and structural characteristics on the prediction of biotransformation activity and bioaccumulation rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Yong Jeong
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 1 Oryong dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 500-712, South Korea
| | - Tae-Hun Kim
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 1 Oryong dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 500-712, South Korea; Research Division for Industry and Environment, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, 580-185, South Korea
| | - Sang Don Kim
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 1 Oryong dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 500-712, South Korea.
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Oh SY, Yoon HS, Jeong TY, Kim SD, Kim DW. Reduction and persulfate oxidation of nitro explosives in contaminated soils using Fe-bearing materials. Environ Sci Process Impacts 2016; 18:863-871. [PMID: 27327861 DOI: 10.1039/c6em00223d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The oxidative and reductive transformation of nitro explosives in contaminated soils with Fe-bearing materials and persulfate (S2O8(2-)) was examined via batch experiments. Zero-valent cast iron [Fe(0)], steel dust from a steel manufacturing plant, and FeS rapidly reduced 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) in soil under anaerobic conditions as long as a sufficient amount of water was present. The Fe-bearing materials also effectively activated persulfate to enhance the oxidative transformation of TNT and RDX in soil-water systems. Kinetically, reductive and oxidative transformations removed more than 90% of the explosives from a soil-water system within 5 h under the given conditions. Pseudo-first-order rates in the range of 0.7-23.4 h(-1) were observed. By increasing the concentration of persulfate or Fe-bearing materials, the oxidative transformation could be promoted. Treated soils via redox reactions using the Fe-bearing materials did not show significant toxicity, except for the case of TNT-contaminated soils oxidized by FeS-assisted persulfate. Considering the kinetics of explosive degradation and the toxicity of treated wastewaters and soils, Fe(0) or steel dust-assisted persulfate oxidation may be a safe option as an ex situ remediation process for the treatment of explosive-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok-Young Oh
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Ulsan, 93 Daehak-ro, Nam-gu, Ulsan 44610, South Korea.
| | - Hyun-Su Yoon
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Ulsan, 93 Daehak-ro, Nam-gu, Ulsan 44610, South Korea.
| | - Tae-Yong Jeong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, South Korea
| | - Sang Don Kim
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, South Korea
| | - Dong-Wook Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kongju National University, Cheonan 31080, South Korea
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Ra JS, Jeong TY, Lee SH, Kim SD. Application of toxicity identification evaluation procedure to toxic industrial effluent in South Korea. Chemosphere 2016; 143:71-77. [PMID: 25997865 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) was applied to the effluent from a pharmaceutical industrial complex, following the US EPA TIE guidelines. The whole effluent toxicity (WET) test found toxicity greater than 16toxic units (TU) in the effluent. Dissolved non-polar organic compounds were identified as the major contributor to the observed toxicity in the TIE manipulations in phases I and II. Among the 48 organic compounds identified, three compounds (i.e., acetophenone, benzoimide, and benzothiazole) were related to the pharmaceutical production procedure; however, no contribution to toxicity was predicted in the compounds. The results of the ECOSAR model, which predicts toxicity, indicated that the alkane compounds caused significant toxicity in the effluent. The toxicity test and heavy metal analysis, which used IC and ICP/MS, identified that particulate and heavy metals, such as Cu and Zn, contributed to the remaining toxicity, except dissolved organics. The results showed the applicability of the TIE method for predicting regional effluents produced by the industrial pharmaceutical complex in this study. Although the location was assumed to be affected by discharge of pharmaceutical related compounds in the river, no correlations were observed in the study. Based on the results, advanced treatment processes, such as activated carbon adsorption, are recommended for the wastewater treatment process in this location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Sung Ra
- Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, 143 Hanggaulro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do 426-910, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Yong Jeong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Hong Lee
- JeollaNamdo Environmental Industries Promotion Institute, 650-94 Songgye-ro, Sungjeon-Myeon, Gangjin-gun, Jeollanam-do 527-811, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Don Kim
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea
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Kim I, Lee BT, Kim HA, Kim KW, Kim SD, Hwang YS. Citrate coated silver nanoparticles change heavy metal toxicities and bioaccumulation of Daphnia magna. Chemosphere 2016; 143:99-105. [PMID: 26188498 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2015] [Revised: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Citrate-coated AgNPs (c-AgNPs) have negatively charged surfaces and their surface interactions with heavy metals can affect metal toxicity in aquatic environments. This study used Daphnia magna to compare the acute toxicities and bioaccumulation of As(V), Cd, and Cu when they interact with c-AgNPs. The 24-h acute toxicities of As(V) and Cu were not affected by the addition of c-AgNPs, while bioaccumulation significantly decreased in the presence of c-AgNPs. In contrast, both the 24-h acute toxicity and bioaccumulation of Cd increased in the presence of c-AgNPs. These toxicity and bioaccumulation trends can be attributed to the interactions between the AgNP surface and the heavy metals. As(V) and c-AgNPs compete by negative charge, decreasing As(V) toxicity. Copper adheres readily to c-AgNP citrate, decreasing Cu bioavailability, and thus reducing Cu toxicity and bioaccumulation. Citrate complexes with divalent cations such as Ca and Mg reduce the competition between divalent cations and Cd on biotic ligand, increasing toxicity and bioaccumulation of Cd. This study shows that surface properties determine the effect of c-AgNPs on heavy metal toxicities and bioaccumulations; hence, further studies on the effect of nanoparticle by it surface properties are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Injeong Kim
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Chemdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Tae Lee
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Chemdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun-A Kim
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Chemdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Woong Kim
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Chemdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Don Kim
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Chemdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Sik Hwang
- Future Environmental Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju 660-844, Republic of Korea; Human and Environmental Toxicology Program, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea
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Kim I, Kim HD, Jeong TY, Kim SD. Sorption and toxicity reduction of pharmaceutically active compounds and endocrine disrupting chemicals in the presence of colloidal humic acid. Water Sci Technol 2016; 74:904-913. [PMID: 27533865 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2016.270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the toxicity changes and sorption of pharmaceuticals and endocrine disrupters in the presence of humic acid (HA). For the sorption experiment, a dead end filtration (DEF) system was used to separate bound and free-form target compounds. An algae growth inhibition test and E-screen assay were conducted to estimate the toxic effect of pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) and endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), respectively. The permeate concentration was confirmed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. In the sorption test, we observed significant sorption of PhACs and EDCs on colloidal HA, except for sulfamethoxazole (SMX). The values of log KCOC derived from DEF determinations ranged from 4.40 to 5.03. The removal efficiency varied with the HA concentration and the target chemical properties. Tetracycline and 4-octylphenol showed the highest sorption or removal efficiency (≈50%), even at 5 mg C/L HA. The algal growth inhibition of PhACs and the estrogenic effects of EDCs were significantly decreased in proportion to HA concentrations, except for SMX. In addition, the chemical analysis results showed a positive relationship with the bioassay results. Consequently, the sorption of PhACs and EDCs onto colloidal HA should be emphasized in natural environments because it significantly reduces bioavailable concentrations and toxicity to aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Injeong Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 1 Oryong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Korea E-mail:
| | - Hyo-Dong Kim
- PEHS (Product Environment Hazard and Safety) Team, Huntsman Korea, 170-9 Samsung-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-Yong Jeong
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 1 Oryong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Korea E-mail:
| | - Sang Don Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 1 Oryong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Korea E-mail:
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Jeong TY, Kim HY, Kim SD. Multi-generational effects of propranolol on Daphnia magna at different environmental concentrations. Environ Pollut 2015; 206:188-94. [PMID: 26176633 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the effects of propranolol on Daphnia magna (D. magna), we employed a multi-generational exposure period for eight generations and an environmentally relevant low concentration with 1.5 ng/L, 0.2 μg/L and 26 μg/L to reflect a realistic exposure scenario. Physiological endpoints were checked, including growth, number of neonates, heart rate, frequency of abdominal appendage movement and malformation rate of neonates. In the results, growth and abdominal appendage movement were affected by environmental concentration during several generations, and the responses showed consistent tendencies of response increase with concentration increase. Heart rate was the only endpoint affected throughout all exposure generations. Inhibitory and acceleratory effects on heart rate, growth and abdominal appendage movement suggest that it is necessary to cover sub-lethal endpoints of non-targeted organisms in eco-toxicity study because the physiological responses were detected at much lower concentrations than the results of traditional toxicity tests, including environmental concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Yong Jeong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 261 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, South Korea.
| | - Hyun Young Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk 580-185, South Korea.
| | - Sang Don Kim
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 261 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, South Korea.
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Son Y, Heo K, Bae MJ, Lee CG, Cho WS, Kim SD, Yang K, Shin IS, Lee MY, Kim JS. Injury to the blood-testis barrier after low-dose-rate chronic radiation exposure in mice. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2015; 167:316-320. [PMID: 25948832 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncv270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to ionising radiation induces male infertility, accompanied by increasing permeability of the blood-testis barrier. However, the effect on male fertility by low-dose-rate chronic radiation has not been investigated. In this study, the effects of low-dose-rate chronic radiation on male mice were investigated by measuring the levels of tight-junction-associated proteins (ZO-1 and occludin-1), Niemann-Pick disease type 2 protein (NPC-2) and antisperm antibody (AsAb) in serum. BALB/c mice were exposed to low-dose-rate radiation (3.49 mGy h(-1)) for total exposures of 0.02 (6 h), 0.17 (2 d) and 1.7 Gy (21 d). Based on histological examination, the diameter and epithelial depth of seminiferous tubules were significantly decreased in 1.7-Gy-irradiated mice. Compared with those of the non-irradiated group, 1.7-Gy-irradiated mice showed significantly decreased ZO-1, occludin-1 and NPC-2 protein levels, accompanied with increased serum AsAb levels. These results suggest potential blood-testis barrier injury and immune infertility in male mice exposed to low-dose-rate chronic radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Son
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (DIRAMS), Jwadong-gil 40, Gijang-gun, Busan 619-953, South Korea
| | - K Heo
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (DIRAMS), Jwadong-gil 40, Gijang-gun, Busan 619-953, South Korea
| | - M J Bae
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (DIRAMS), Jwadong-gil 40, Gijang-gun, Busan 619-953, South Korea
| | - C G Lee
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (DIRAMS), Jwadong-gil 40, Gijang-gun, Busan 619-953, South Korea
| | - W S Cho
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (DIRAMS), Jwadong-gil 40, Gijang-gun, Busan 619-953, South Korea
| | - S D Kim
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (DIRAMS), Jwadong-gil 40, Gijang-gun, Busan 619-953, South Korea
| | - K Yang
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (DIRAMS), Jwadong-gil 40, Gijang-gun, Busan 619-953, South Korea
| | - I S Shin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - M Y Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - J S Kim
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (DIRAMS), Jwadong-gil 40, Gijang-gun, Busan 619-953, South Korea College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
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Park SJ, Shim JW, Park HS, Eum DY, Park MT, Mi Yi J, Choi SH, Kim SD, Son TG, Lu W, Kim ND, Yang K, Heo K. MacroH2A1 downregulation enhances the stem-like properties of bladder cancer cells by transactivation of Lin28B. Oncogene 2015; 35:1292-301. [PMID: 26028027 PMCID: PMC4791524 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2014] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The histone variant, macroH2A1, has an important role in embryonic stem cell differentiation and tumor progression in various types of tumors. However, the regulatory roles of macroH2A1 on bladder cancer progression have not been fully elucidated. Here, we show that macroH2A1 knockdown promotes stem-like properties of bladder cancer cells. The knockdown of macroH2A1 in bladder cancer cells increased tumorigenicity, radioresistance, degeneration of reactive oxygen species, increased sphere formation capability and an increase in the proportion of side populations. We found that macroH2A1 is required for the suppression of Lin28B identified as a novel downstream target of macroH2A1 in bladder cancer. Loss of macroH2A1 expression significantly correlated with the elevated levels of Lin28B expression and subsequently inhibited the mature let-7 microRNA expression. Furthermore, the stable overexpression of Lin28B enhances the several phenotypes, including tumorigenicity and sphere-forming ability, which are induced by macroH2A1 depletion. Importantly, Lin28B expression was regulated by macroH2A1-mediated reciprocal binding of p300 and EZH2/SUV39H1. Our results suggest that Lin28B/let-7 pathway is tightly regulated by macroH2A1 and its cofactors, and have a pivotal role in the bladder tumor progression and the regulation of stem-like characteristics of bladder cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-J Park
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Science (DIRAMS), Busan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - J W Shim
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Science (DIRAMS), Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Park
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Science (DIRAMS), Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - D-Y Eum
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Science (DIRAMS), Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - M-T Park
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Science (DIRAMS), Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - J Mi Yi
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Science (DIRAMS), Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Choi
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Science (DIRAMS), Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - S D Kim
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Science (DIRAMS), Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - T G Son
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Science (DIRAMS), Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - W Lu
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - N D Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - K Yang
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Science (DIRAMS), Busan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Dongnam Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K Heo
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Science (DIRAMS), Busan, Republic of Korea
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Kim MS, Kim JY, Kim IS, Cho KS, Kim SD, Lee HJ, Kim JT, Hong JT. The effect of C1 bursting fracture on comparative anatomical relationship between the internal carotid artery and the atlas. Eur Spine J 2015; 25:103-109. [PMID: 25753004 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-015-3848-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Revised: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the effect of the C1 bursting fracture on the location of the internal carotid artery (ICA) around the atlas. METHODS The authors analyzed the morphology of the atlas and the ICA in 15 patients with C1 bursting fracture and compared with control group (77 patients) without any pathology. All patients were evaluated with CT angiography for the anatomical assessment. The laterality of the ICA, the distances of the ICA from the midline, anterior tubercle, and ventral surface of the C1 lateral mass were compared between two groups. The distance between the lateral margin of the longus capitis muscle and the inner edge of the transverse foramen was also measured. RESULTS Medially located ICA was more common in the C1 bursting fracture group than control group (76.7 vs 42.8 %). There were no significant differences between 2 groups for the distance from the midline, anterior tubercle, and ventral surface of the C1 lateral mass, respectively. The distance of the longus capitis muscle to transverse foramen was 2.52 ± 2.09 and 4.15 ± 3.09 mm in each group, and there was statistically significant difference (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Lateral displacement of the bony structure of C1 bursting fracture changes the relative location of the ICA medially, which increase the injury risk during the bicortical C1 screw insertion. These data suggest that CT angiography or enhanced CT scans can give critical information to choose the ideal fixation technique and the proper trajectory of the screws for C1 bursting fracture.
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Kim HY, Jeon J, Hollender J, Yu S, Kim SD. Aqueous and dietary bioaccumulation of antibiotic tetracycline in D. magna and its multigenerational transfer. J Hazard Mater 2014; 279:428-35. [PMID: 25093551 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The potential bioaccumulation and distribution of antibiotics in non-target organisms have been inadequately studied in spite of their widespread occurrence in aquatic systems. We investigated the ability of tetracycline to bioaccumulate through aqueous and dietary routes in an aquatic organism, the freshwater crustacean Daphnia magna. D. magna was exposed to algal food (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) contaminated with tetracycline for dietary uptake. Tetracycline was transferred to D. magna more through aqueous uptake than through dietary uptake. The uptake rate constant of tetracycline for D. magna was kin,water=0.33±0.045 via the aqueous route and kin,food=0.16±0.012 via the dietary route for 1.0mgL(-1) tetracycline. Bioconcentration factors of 4.40±0.91Lkg(-1) and 3.66±0.50Lkg(-1) for 0.1 and 1.0mgL(-1) tetracycline were found for D. magna. The biomagnification factor of 0.19±0.04 indicates that magnification of tetracycline through the food web will not occur. The change in the internal concentration of the target compound was also studied for multigenerational (F1-F4) exposure. The internal concentration in D. magna showed a decreasing trend with increasing generations except for the parent generation. The bioaccumulation tendency showed a biphasic change in multigenerational exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Young Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk 580-185, Republic of Korea; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 261 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Junho Jeon
- National Institute of Chemical Safety, Gajeongbuk-ro 90, Yusung-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Juliane Hollender
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Seungho Yu
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Don Kim
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 261 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea.
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Kim HY, Yu S, Jeong TY, Kim SD. Relationship between trans-generational effects of tetracycline on Daphnia magna at the physiological and whole organism level. Environ Pollut 2014; 191:111-118. [PMID: 24832921 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The effects of pharmaceuticals have been underestimated during single generation exposure. Therefore, in this study, we investigated toxic responses at the physiological and whole organism level in tetracycline-exposed Daphnia magna over four consecutive generational lifecycles. The results showed that tetracycline affected energy-related physiological functions in concentration- and generation-dependent manners, and especially maintenance costs increased. Consequently, multigenerational exposure to tetracycline induced changes in energy balance, resulting in the change of higher levels of biological responses. In contrast, D. magna acclimated to tetracycline exposure over multiple generations, as evidenced by the increased LC50 values. Transgenerational adaptation was related to the neonatal sensitivity and energy reserves of the organism. The results also emphasized the idea that the number of generation is an important factor for toxicity. The present study confirmed that toxic stress induces metabolic changes in an organism, thereby leading to increased energy consumption that results in adverse effects on reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Young Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korean Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk 580-185, Republic of Korea; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 261 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungho Yu
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korean Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Yong Jeong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 261 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Don Kim
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 261 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea.
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Hwang JK, Kim JM, Kim YK, Kim SD, Park SC, Kim JI, Nam HW, Kim J, Moon IS. The early protective effect of glutamine pretreatment and ischemia preconditioning in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury of rat. Transplant Proc 2014; 45:3203-8. [PMID: 24182785 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2013.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Revised: 07/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heat shock proteins (HSP) play an important role in protecting cells against stress. METHODS Using a rat model, we tested the hypothesis that pretreatment with glutamine (Gln) and ischemia preconditioning (IPC) increase the expression of HSP resulting in attenuation of renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into 4 groups [group I, Gln injection (+), IPC (+); group II, Gln injection (+), IPC (-); group III, saline injection (+), IPC (+); group IV, saline injection (+), IPC (-)]. Renal HSP70 expression was determined by Western blotting and kidney function was assessed by blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine. Renal cross-sections were microscopically examined for tubular necrosis, exfoliation of tubular epithelial cells, cast formation, and monocyte infiltration. RESULTS Gln pretreatment increased intrarenal HSP expression (P = .031). In group I, tubulointerstitial abnormalities were clearly slighter compared with the other groups (P < .001). CONCLUSION Our experiments suggest that (1) a single dose of Gln could induce HSP expression and (2) IPC could relieve renal I/R injury. In addition, IPC combined with Gln pretreatment had a synergic protective effect against renal I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Hwang
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Hwang JK, Chun HJ, Kim JM, Kwon KH, Kim YK, Kim SD, Park SC, Choi BS, Kim JI, Yang CW, Kim YS, Moon IS. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography in the early period after kidney transplantation. Transplant Proc 2014; 45:2925-30. [PMID: 24157005 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2013.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Our objective was to evaluate the usefulness of three-dimensional (3-D) contrast-enhanced (CE) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) to assess renal parenchyma, arterial inflow stenosis, and peritransplant fluid collections in the early period after kidney transplantation (KT). Between January 2010 and April 2011, we examined a consecutive series of 144 renal transplants using 3-D CE MRA at 14 days after KT. MRA showed parenchyma infarctions (n = 17, 11.8%), arterial inflow stenoses (n = 23, 16%), lymphoceles (n = 14, 9.7%), and hematomas (n = 6, 4.2%). The degree of renal transplant artery inflow stenosis was graded qualitatively based on diameter criterion; <50% = mild, 50% to 70% = moderate, and >70% = severe in 10 (6.9%), 5 (3.5%), and 8 (5.6%) subjects, respectively. The study recipients were divided into 3 groups according to the degree of renal artery inflow stenosis (group I: normal; group II: mild and moderate, <70%; group III: severe, >70%). Among group III patients who underwent digital subtraction angiography, 5 had percutaneous transluminal angioplasty or stenting performed after 1 month. Their mean resume creatinine levels at 1, 6, and 12 months after transplantation were not significantly different from those in the other groups (P = .391, .447, .110). The prevalence of graft loss (n = 2) was high in group III (P = .012), although the frequency of acute rejection episodes was not different among the groups (P = .890). The incidences of renal parenchyma infarction, peritransplant fluid collection and arterial inflow stenosis were unexpectedly high in the early period after KT. Thus, 3-D CE MRA provided a rapid global assessment of the renal parenchyma, transplant arterial system, and peritransplant fluid collection that can be helpful to detect or exclude many causes of renal transplant dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Hwang
- Division of Transplantation Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Park GY, Han JY, Han YK, Kim SD, Kim JS, Jo WS, Chun SH, Jeong DH, Lee CW, Yang K, Lee CG. 14-3-3 eta depletion sensitizes glioblastoma cells to irradiation due to enhanced mitotic cell death. Cancer Gene Ther 2014; 21:158-63. [DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2014.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Revised: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Kim SJ, Kim SD. Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion Using a Double Cylindrical Cage versus an Anterior Cervical Plating System with Iliac Crest Autografts for the Treatment of Cervical Degenerative Disc Disease. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 2014; 55:12-7. [PMID: 24570812 PMCID: PMC3928342 DOI: 10.3340/jkns.2014.55.1.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Revised: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is often complicated by subsidence, pseudoarthrosis, kyphosis, and graft donor site morbidities. To decrease the occurrence of these complications, various types of cages have been developed. We designed this retrospective study to analyze and compare the efficacy and outcomes of ACDF using double cylindrical cages (DCC) (BK Medical, Seoul, Korea) versus an anterior cervical plating system with autogenous iliac crest grafts. Methods Forty-eight patients were treated with autograft and plating (plate group), and 48 with DCC group from October 2007 to October 2011. We analyzed construct length, cervical lordotic curvarture, the thickness of the prevertebral soft tissue, segmental instability, and clinical outcomes. Results There were no significant differences between the two groups with regard to the decrease in construct length or cervical lodortic curvature at the 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups. The prevertebral soft tissue was thinner in the DCC group than the plate group immediately after surgery and at the 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups. The difference in interspinous distance on flexion-extension was shorter in the plate group than the DCC group at the 3- and 6-month follow-ups. However, there was no significant difference in this distance between the two groups at the 12-month follow-up. Conclusion A double cylindrical cage is a good alternative for fusion in patients with cervical degenerative diseases; the surgical method is relatively simple, allows good synostosis, has less associated prevertebral soft tissue swelling, and complications associated with autografting can be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Joon Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Sang Don Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
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