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Li Y, Zhang Z, Yang L, Li X, Zhou J, Li D, Luo S. Colla corii asini might upregulate ZNF471 and THOC5 by KRAB domain-containing zinc-finger protein pathway and THO complex subunit 5 pathway to improve anemia of pregnant women with β-thalassemia. Ann Hematol 2019; 98:1813-1826. [PMID: 31098739 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-019-03710-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Pregnant patients with β-thalassemia are more likely to have progressive anemia which expose them to risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, blood transfusion, and iron overload. Results from our previous study indicated that Colla corii asini (CCA, E'jiao), a natural ingredient of traditional Chinese medicine, could significantly increase hemoglobin level of pregnant women with β- thalassemia, but the underlying molecular mechanism was unclear. Thus, we applied high-throughput transcriptome sequencing to study the transcriptomic change before and after the CCA treatment. Twenty eligible pregnant women were recruited and randomized to either the CCA treatment group or the blank control group in a 3:1 ratio. Patients in the treatment group orally received daily 15 g CCA powder for 4 weeks. We analyzed the therapeutic effect indexes and the transcriptomic change in subjects' peripheral blood before and after treatment. We found that β CD 41-42(-TTCT)/βA was the main genotype of the subjects. The regulatory impact of CCA treatment became more evident among the subjects of genotype β CD 41-42(-TTCT)/βA. Gene ontogenesis analysis revealed that the top five molecular functions of differentially expressed genes were involved in membrane functionality and cellular structure. We further identified two consistent upregulated genes ZNF471 and THOC5 in the effective treatment group, which were engaged in Kruppel-associated box (KRAB) domain-containing zinc-finger protein pathway and THOC5 pathway, respectively. Based on our current findings, we hypothesize that the anti-anemia effect of CCA on pregnant women with β-thalassemia might be related to translation regulation of spectrin synthesis, membrane stability, and eventually prolonged the life span of erythrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Li
- Department of Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhanfeng Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lilin Yang
- Department of Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangyi Li
- Department of Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Daocheng Li
- Department of Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Songping Luo
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No.12 Jichang Road, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong, China.
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2
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Xue LJ, Huang Q, Zeng JE, Zhu H, Xu CY. Up-regulation of receptor interaction protein 140 promotes glucolipotoxicity-induced damage in MIN6 cells. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2018; 64:39-45. [PMID: 29631683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The receptor interaction protein 140 (RIP140) cofactor is a key regulator of metabolic balance, but its function in glucose- and lipid-mediated damage in islet β cells is unknown and was investigated in this study. RIP140 expression and distribution was evaluated in MIN6 cells under high glucose and lipid conditions using real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), western blotting and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Cells were separately treated with 500 μM palmitic acid and 25 mM glucose when RIP140 expression was upregulated or downregulated, and cell viability, apoptosis rate, the level of oxidative stress and insulin secretion was assessed, as was the expression of related genes. Increased glucose and palmitic acid elevated RIP140 expression and distribution in nuclei. Overexpression of RIP140 promoted apoptosis but inhibited cell viability in MIN6 cells, and basal insulin secretion and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion levels were altered following treatment with glucose and palmitic acid. In addition, oxidative stress was elevated, phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 and uncoupling protein 2 messenger RNA (mRNA) abundance were increased, B-cell lymphoma-2 protein levels were decreased, and peroxisome proliferators activated receptor gamma co-activator 1 alpha, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase , and pancreatic and duodenal homeobox-1 mRNA levels were downregulated. Furthermore, glucolipotoxicity-induced damage was reversed when RIP140 expression was downregulated by small interfering RNA (SiRNA). RIP140 promotes islet β cells damage caused by glucolipotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Jun Xue
- Department of Endocrinology, The second Clinical Medical college, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, 434020, P.R. China
| | - Qi Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, P.R. China
| | - Jiao E Zeng
- Department of Endocrinology, The second Clinical Medical college, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, 434020, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Department of Geratology, The General Hospital of The Yangtze River Shipping, Wuhan, Hubei, 430010, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Yan Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, P.R. China
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3
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Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is an important neurotransmitter in the control of energy metabolism. Several studies have shown that obesity is associated with increased levels of NPY in the hypothalamus. We hypothesized that the release of NPY has coordinated and integrated effects on energy metabolism in different tissues, such as adipocyte tissue, resulting in increased energy storage and decreased energy expenditure. Whether NPY has role in the molecular mechanism of human adipocyte tissue remains unclear. We established the model of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs) from human adipose tissue and differentiated it into adipocytes in the presence of NPY at different concentrations (10-15-10-6 mmol/L). We then assessed hADSCs proliferation and differentiation by quantifying lipid accumulation and examining the expression levels of related adipocyte markers after differentiation. Furthermore, the specific markers of white adipocyte tissue (WAT) in hADSCs were also analyzed. The results showed that low doses of NPY stimulated hADSCs proliferation (p < 0.05), while high doses of NPY inhibited hADSCs proliferation (p < 0.05). NPY significantly promoted lipid accumulation and increased the size of lipid droplets during human adipogenic differentiation; the levels of adipocyte markers PPAR-γ and C/EBPα were also increased. At the same time, NPY also increased the levels of WAT markers Cidec and RIP140 after adipocyte differentiation. The results suggested high dose NPY inhibits the proliferation of hADSCs while promotes adipocyte differentiation and increases the expression of WAT markers. This may be the reason why increased levels of NPY can lead to a rise in body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Fang Liang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Song
- Department of Endocrinology, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Ping-An Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
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Kim HJ, Joe Y, Kim SK, Park SU, Park J, Chen Y, Kim J, Ryu J, Cho GJ, Surh YJ, Ryter SW, Kim UH, Chung HT. Carbon monoxide protects against hepatic steatosis in mice by inducing sestrin-2 via the PERK-eIF2α-ATF4 pathway. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 110:81-91. [PMID: 28578014 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome, has emerged as one of the most common causes of chronic liver disease in developed countries over the last decade. NAFLD comprises a spectrum of pathological hepatic changes, including steatosis, steatohepatitis, advanced fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Autophagy, a homeostatic process for protein and organelle turnover, is decreased in the liver during the development of NAFLD. Previously, we have shown that carbon monoxide (CO), a reaction product of heme oxygenase (HO) activity, can confer protection in NAFLD, though the molecular mechanisms remain unclear. We therefore investigated the mechanisms underlying the protective effect of CO on methionine/choline-deficient (MCD) diet-induced hepatic steatosis. We found that CO induced sestrin-2 (SESN2) expression through enhanced mitochondrial ROS production and protected against MCD-induced NAFLD progression through activation of autophagy. SESN2 expression was increased by CO or CO-releasing molecule (CORM2), in a manner dependent on signaling through the protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), eukaryotic initiation factor-2 alpha (eIF2α)/ activating transcription factor-4 (ATF4)-dependent pathway. CO-induced SESN2 upregulation in hepatocytes contributed to autophagy induction through activation of 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and inhibition of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex I (mTORC1). Furthermore, we demonstrate that CO significantly induced the expression of SESN2 and enhanced autophagy in the livers of MCD-fed mice or in MCD-media treated hepatocytes. Conversely, knockdown of SESN2 abrogated autophagy activation and mTOR inhibition in response to CO. We conclude that CO ameliorates hepatic steatosis through the autophagy pathway induced by SESN2 upregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Jeong Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonsoo Joe
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Seul-Ki Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Ung Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongmin Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Yingqing Chen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhyun Ryu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeong Jae Cho
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Joon Surh
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Stefan W Ryter
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Uh-Hyun Kim
- National Creative Research Laboratory for Ca(2+) Signaling Network, Chonbuk National University, Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hun-Taeg Chung
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea.
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Davydov IV, Woods D, Safiran YJ, Oberoi P, Fearnhead HO, Fang S, Jensen JP, Weissman AM, Kenten JH, Vousden KH. Assay for Ubiquitin Ligase Activity: High-Throughput Screen for Inhibitors of HDM2. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 9:695-703. [PMID: 15634796 DOI: 10.1177/1087057104267956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
An assay for the autoubiquitination activity of the E3 ligaseHDM2 (Mdm2) was developed and adapted to a high-throughput format to identify inhibitors of this activity. The assay can also be used tomeasure the activity of other E3s andmay be useful in finding both inhibitors and activators of a wide range of different ubiquitin ligases.
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Affiliation(s)
- I V Davydov
- Meso-Scale Discovery, Meso-Scale Diagnostics, LLC, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
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Tian Y, Xu Y, Fu Q, Chang M, Wang Y, Shang X, Wan C, Marymont JV, Dong Y. Notch inhibits chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal progenitor cells by targeting Twist1. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2015; 403:30-8. [PMID: 25596548 PMCID: PMC4337804 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
While Notch signaling plays a critical role in the regulation of cartilage formation, its downstream targets are unknown. To address this we performed gain and losses of function experiments and demonstrate that Notch inhibition of chondrogenesis acts via up-regulation of the transcription factor Twist1. Upon Notch activation, murine limb bud mesenchymal progenitor cells in micromass culture displayed an inhibition of chondrogenesis. Twist1 was found to be exclusively expressed in mesenchymal progenitor cells at the onset stage of chondrogenesis during Notch activation. Inhibition of Notch signaling in these cells significantly reduced protein expression of Twist1. Furthermore, the inhibition effect of NICD1 on MPC chondrogenesis was markedly reduced by knocking down of Twist1. Constitutively active Notch signaling significantly enhanced Twist1 promoter activity; whereas mutation studies indicated that a putative NICD/RBPjK binding element in the promoter region is required for the Notch-responsiveness of the Twist1 promoter. Finally, chromatin immunoprecipitation assays further confirmed that the Notch intracellular domain influences Twist1 by directly binding to the Twist1 promoter. These data provide a novel insight into understanding the molecular mechanisms behind Notch inhibition of the onset of chondrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Tian
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Road, Shenyang 110004, China.
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Road, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Qin Fu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Road, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Martin Chang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester School of Medicine, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 665, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Yongjun Wang
- Institute of Spine, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xifu Shang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Chao Wan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - John V Marymont
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA
| | - Yufeng Dong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA
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7
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Song FN, Duan M, Liu LZ, Wang ZC, Shi JY, Yang LX, Zhou J, Fan J, Gao Q, Wang XY. RANKL promotes migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via NF-κB-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108507. [PMID: 25268581 PMCID: PMC4182493 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Metastasis accounts for the most deaths in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) is associated with cancer metastasis, while its role in HCC remains largely unknown. Methods Immunohistochemistry was performed to determine the expression of RANK in HCC tissue (n = 398). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot were used to examine the expression of RANK, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, vimentin, Snail, Slug, Twist and MMPs in HCC cells. Wound healing and Transwell assays were used to evaluate cell migration and invasion ability. Results We found that expression of RANK, the receptor of RANKL, was significantly higher in HCC tumor tissues than in peritumor liver tissues (p<0.001). Constitutive expression of RANK was detected in HCC cell lines, which can be up-regulated when HCC cells were stimulated with RANKL. Notably, in vitro experiments showed that activation of RANKL-RANK axis significantly promoted migration and invasion ability of HCC cells. In addition, RANKL stimulation increased the expression levels of N-cadherin, Snail, and Twist, while decreased the expression of E-cadherin, with concomitant activation of NF-κB signaling pathway. Moreover, administration of the NF-κB inhibitor attenuated RANKL-induced migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of HCC cells. Conclusions RANKL could potentiate migration and invasion ability of RANK-positive HCC cells through NF-κB pathway-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition, which means that RANKL-RANK axis could be a potential target for HCC therapy.
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MESH Headings
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Cadherins/agonists
- Cadherins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Cadherins/genetics
- Cadherins/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/surgery
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Collagenases/genetics
- Collagenases/metabolism
- Diffusion Chambers, Culture
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms/surgery
- NF-kappa B/agonists
- NF-kappa B/antagonists & inhibitors
- NF-kappa B/genetics
- NF-kappa B/metabolism
- Neoplasm Invasiveness
- Nuclear Proteins/agonists
- Nuclear Proteins/genetics
- Nuclear Proteins/metabolism
- RANK Ligand/genetics
- RANK Ligand/metabolism
- RANK Ligand/pharmacology
- Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B/genetics
- Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B/metabolism
- Sesquiterpenes/pharmacology
- Sesquiterpenes, Guaiane
- Signal Transduction
- Snail Family Transcription Factors
- Transcription Factors/agonists
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Twist-Related Protein 1/agonists
- Twist-Related Protein 1/genetics
- Twist-Related Protein 1/metabolism
- Vimentin/genetics
- Vimentin/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Nan Song
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Meng Duan
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Long-Zi Liu
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Chao Wang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jie-Yi Shi
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Liu-Xiao Yang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jia Fan
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (QG); (XYW)
| | - Xiao-Ying Wang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (QG); (XYW)
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8
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Takeuchi A, Shiota M, Beraldi E, Thaper D, Takahara K, Ibuki N, Pollak M, Cox ME, Naito S, Gleave ME, Zoubeidi A. Insulin-like growth factor-I induces CLU expression through Twist1 to promote prostate cancer growth. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2014; 384:117-25. [PMID: 24491388 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2014.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Revised: 12/27/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Clusterin (CLU) is cytoprotective molecular chaperone that is highly expressed in castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). CRPC is also characterized by increased insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I responsiveness which induces prostate cancer survival and CLU expression. However, how IGF-I induces CLU expression and whether CLU is required for IGF-mediated growth signaling remain unknown. Here we show that IGF-I induced CLU via STAT3-Twist1 signaling pathway. In response to IGF-I, STAT3 was phosphorylated, translocated to the nucleus and bound to the Twist1 promoter to activate Twist1 transcription. In turn, Twist1 bound to E-boxes on the CLU promoter and activated CLU transcription. Inversely, we demonstrated that knocking down Twist1 abrogated IGF-I induced CLU expression, indicating that Twist1 mediated IGF-I-induced CLU expression. When PTEN knockout mice were crossed with lit/lit mice, the resultant IGF-I deficiency suppressed Twist1 as well as CLU gene expression in mouse prostate glands. Moreover, both Twist1 and CLU knockdown suppressed prostate cancer growth accelerated by IGF-I, suggesting the relevance of this signaling not only in an in vitro, but also in an in vivo. Collectively, this study indicates that IGF-I induces CLU expression through sequential activation of STAT3 and Twist1, and suggests that this signaling cascade plays a critical role in prostate cancer pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ario Takeuchi
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre and Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Masaki Shiota
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre and Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Eliana Beraldi
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre and Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Daksh Thaper
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre and Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kiyoshi Takahara
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre and Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Naokazu Ibuki
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre and Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Michael Pollak
- Department of Medicine and Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michael E Cox
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre and Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Seiji Naito
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Martin E Gleave
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre and Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Amina Zoubeidi
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre and Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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9
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Yue Y, Wang Y, He Y, Yang S, Chen Z, Wang Y, Xing S, Shen C, Amin HM, Wu D, Song YH. Reversal of bortezomib resistance in myelodysplastic syndrome cells by MAPK inhibitors. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90992. [PMID: 24608798 PMCID: PMC3946707 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) comprise a heterogeneous group of malignant neoplasms with distinctive clinicopathological features. Currently, there is no specific approach for the treatment of MDS. Here, we report that bortezomib (BTZ), a proteasome inhibitor that has been used to treat plasma cell myeloma, induced G2/M phase cycle arrest in the MDS cell line SKM-1 through upregulation of Wee1, a negative regulator of G2/M phase transition. Treatment by BTZ led to reduced SKM-1 cell viability as well as increased apoptosis and autophagy. The BTZ-induced cell death was associated with reduced expression of p-ERK. To elucidate the implications of downregulation of p-ERK, we established the BTZ resistant cell line SKM-1R. Our data show that resistance to BTZ-induced apoptosis could be reversed by the MEK inhibitors U0126 or PD98059. Our results suggest that MAPK pathway may play an important role in mediating BTZ resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxing Yue
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, Suzhou, China
| | - Yang He
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, Suzhou, China
| | - Shuting Yang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zixing Chen
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, Suzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Xing
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Congcong Shen
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hesham M. Amin
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Depei Wu
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, Suzhou, China
- * E-mail: (YHS); (DPW)
| | - Yao-Hua Song
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- * E-mail: (YHS); (DPW)
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10
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Vinogradskaia GR. [P73 protein in carcinogenesis and response to anti-tumor therapy]. Vopr Onkol 2013; 59:34-40. [PMID: 23814847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
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11
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Takahashi K, Hayashi N, Shimokawa T, Umehara N, Kaminogawa S, Ra C. Cooperative regulation of Fc receptor gamma-chain gene expression by multiple transcription factors, including Sp1, GABP, and Elf-1. J Biol Chem 2008; 283:15134-41. [PMID: 18378679 PMCID: PMC3258888 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m800498200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2008] [Revised: 03/05/2008] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The Fc receptor gamma-chain (FcRgamma), which was first identified as a constituent of the high affinity IgE receptor, associates with various cell surface receptors to mediate intracellular signals. We identified three transcriptional enhancer elements in the 5' region of the human FcRgamma gene; one of the cis-elements was recognized by the transcription factor Sp-1 and another was recognized by GABP or Elf-1. The sequence of the other element was similar to a binding motif of the C/EBP family. Overexpression experiments showed that these transcription factors cooperatively activated the FcRgamma promoter. Furthermore, inactivation of the GABP-binding site by nucleotide substitutions as well as repression of GABPalpha expression by RNA interference reduced Sp1-mediated transactivation of the FcRgamma promoter, demonstrating that Sp1 and GABP synergistically activated the FcRgamma promoter. This synergistic activation was suggested to require physical interaction between the two transcription factors, because the Ets domain of GABPalpha was demonstrated to directly bind Sp1. On the other hand, GABP and Elf-1, whose recognition sequences overlapped, were shown to bind the FcRgamma gene with similar affinity in the context of chromatin, although Elf-1 exerted weaker enhancer activity for FcRgamma gene expression than did GABP. Both were thought to compete for binding to the element, because additional expression of Elf-1 in combination with Sp1 and GABP reduced FcRgamma promoter activity. Such functional and physical interactions among transcription factors involved in the cooperative regulation of FcRgamma gene expression as revealed in this study will become promising targets for medical applications against various immune diseases involving FcRgamma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Takahashi
- Department of Molecular Cell Immunology and Allergology, Nihon University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 30-1 Oyaguchi Kamima-chi, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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12
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Abstract
The discovery of odorant receptors led to endeavors in matching them with their cognate ligands. Although it has been challenging to functionally express odorant receptors in heterologous cells, previous studies have linked efficient odorant receptor expression with N-terminal modifications and accessory proteins, including the receptor-transporting proteins (RTPs) and Ric8b. Here we have shown that a shorter form of RTP1, RTP1S, supports robust cell-surface and functional expression of representative odorant receptors. Using a combination of accessory proteins, including RTP1S, Ric8b, and G(alphaolf), a diverse set of untagged odorant receptors were successfully expressed heterologously due to the synergistic effects among the various accessory proteins. Furthermore, the addition of an N-terminal rhodopsin tag to the odorant receptors, along with the same set of accessory proteins, exhibits an additional level of synergism, inducing enhanced odorant receptor responses to odorants and thus defining a more efficient heterologous expression system. We then showed that the presence or absence of different N-terminal tags has little effect on the ligand specificity of odorant receptors, although the amount of receptor expressed can play a role in the ligand response profile. The accuracy of the odorant receptor heterologous expression system involving tagged odorant receptors and various accessory proteins promises success in high throughput de-orphaning of mammalian odorant receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyi Zhuang
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
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13
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Negorev DG, Vladimirova OV, Ivanov A, Rauscher F, Maul GG. Differential role of Sp100 isoforms in interferon-mediated repression of herpes simplex virus type 1 immediate-early protein expression. J Virol 2006; 80:8019-29. [PMID: 16873258 PMCID: PMC1563809 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02164-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2005] [Accepted: 05/15/2006] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear domains called ND10 or PML nuclear bodies contain interferon (IFN)-upregulated proteins like PML and Sp100. Paradoxically, herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) begins its transcriptional cascade at aggregates of ND10-associated proteins, which in turn are destroyed by the HSV-1 immediate-early protein ICP0. While PML is essential in the formation of ND10, the function of Sp100 in the cells' defense against viral infection is unknown. In this study we investigated the potential antiviral effect of IFN-beta-induced Sp100. We found that IFN-beta treatment leads to a differential accumulation of four Sp100 isoforms in different cell lines. Using an HEK293 cell line derivative, 293-S, producing no detectable amounts of Sp100 even after IFN exposure, we analyzed individual Sp100 isoforms for their effect on HSV-1 infection. Sp100 isoforms B, C, and HMG, but not Sp100A, suppressed ICP0 and ICP4 early after infection. Isoforms B, C, and HMG suppressed expression from the ICP0 promoter in transient transfection, whereas Sp100A enhanced expression. Moreover, Sp100A localized in ND10, whereas the repressive isoforms were either dispersed within the nucleus or, at unphysiologically higher expression levels, formed new aggregates. The repressive activity was dependent on an intact SAND domain, since Sp100B bearing a W655Q mutation in the SAND domain lost this repressive activity and accumulated in ND10. Using RNA interference to knock down the repressive Sp100 isoforms B, C, and HMG, we find that they are an essential part of the IFN-beta-mediated suppression of ICP0 expression. These data suggest that repression by the Sp100 isoforms B, C, and HMG takes place outside of ND10 and raise the possibility that viral genomes at Sp100A accumulations are more likely to start their transcription program because of a more permissive local environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri G Negorev
- The Wistar Institute, 3601 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA
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14
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Brown JH, Bihoreau MT, Hoffmann S, Kränzlin B, Tychinskaya I, Obermüller N, Podlich D, Boehn SN, Kaisaki PJ, Megel N, Danoy P, Copley RR, Broxholme J, Witzgall R, Lathrop M, Gretz N, Gauguier D. Missense mutation in sterile alpha motif of novel protein SamCystin is associated with polycystic kidney disease in (cy/+) rat. J Am Soc Nephrol 2005; 16:3517-26. [PMID: 16207829 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2005060601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is the most common genetic disease that leads to kidney failure in humans. In addition to the known causative genes PKD1 and PKD2, there are mutations that result in cystic changes in the kidney, such as nephronophthisis, autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease, or medullary cystic kidney disease. Recent efforts to improve the understanding of renal cystogenesis have been greatly enhanced by studies in rodent models of PKD. Genetic studies in the (cy/+) rat showed that PKD spontaneously develops as a consequence of a mutation in a gene different from the rat orthologs of PKD1 and PKD2 or other genes that are known to be involved in human cystic kidney diseases. This article reports the positional cloning and mutation analysis of the rat PKD gene, which revealed a C to T transition that replaces an arginine by a tryptophan at amino acid 823 in the protein sequence. It was determined that Pkdr1 is specifically expressed in renal proximal tubules and encodes a novel protein, SamCystin, that contains ankyrin repeats and a sterile alpha motif. The characterization of this protein, which does not share structural homologies with known polycystins, may give new insights into the pathophysiology of renal cyst development in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna H Brown
- The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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15
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Jhun BS, Oh YT, Lee JY, Kong Y, Yoon KS, Kim SS, Baik HH, Ha J, Kang I. AICAR suppresses IL-2 expression through inhibition of GSK-3 phosphorylation and NF-AT activation in Jurkat T cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2005; 332:339-46. [PMID: 15910743 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.04.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2005] [Accepted: 04/26/2005] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We examined the effect of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside (AICAR), the dephosphorylated form of AICA ribotide (also termed "ZMP"), an intermediate of purine biosynthesis, on interleukin (IL)-2 production in T cells. AICAR inhibited IL-2 production in Jurkat T cells and peripheral blood lymphocytes activated with PMA plus ionomycin (PMA/Io) or with monoclonal anti-CD3 plus anti-CD28. Pretreatment with 5'-iodotubercidin, an adenosine kinase inhibitor, enhanced AICAR suppression of IL-2 production, suggesting that AICAR, not ZMP, is responsible for IL-2 suppression. We then showed that AICAR inhibited PMA/Io-induced IL-2 mRNA expression and IL-2 promoter activation. AICAR inhibited DNA binding and transcriptional activation of NF-AT and to a lesser extent AP-1, but not NF-kappaB, in PMA/Io-activated Jurkat cells. Finally, we found that AICAR inhibited PMA/Io-induced phosphorylation of GSK-3 but not phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38, and JNK. These results suggest that AICAR exerts its immunosuppressive effect in activated Jurkat cells by inhibiting GSK-3 phosphorylation and NF-AT activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bong Sook Jhun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
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16
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Adams AD, Yuen W, Hu Z, Santini C, Jones AB, MacNaul KL, Berger JP, Doebber TW, Moller DE. Amphipathic 3-phenyl-7-propylbenzisoxazoles; human pPaR gamma, delta and alpha agonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2003; 13:931-5. [PMID: 12617924 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(02)01029-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A series of amphipathic 3-phenylbenzisoxazoles were found to be potent agonists of human PPARalpha, gamma and delta. The optimization of acid proximal structure for in vitro and in vivo potency is described. Results of po dosed efficacy studies in the db/db mouse model of type 2 diabetes showed efficacy equal or superior to Rosiglitazone in correcting hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia. Good functional receptor selectivity for PPARalpha and gamma over PPARdelta can be obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan D Adams
- Departments of Basic Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co. Inc., PO Box 2000, Rahway, NJ 07065, USA.
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17
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Demonacos C, La Thangue NB. Drug discovery and the p53 family. Prog Cell Cycle Res 2003; 5:375-82. [PMID: 14593732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
The tumour suppressor activity of p53 plays a major role in limiting abnormal proliferation, and inactivation of the p53 response is becoming increasingly accepted as a hallmark of cancer. In contrast, both p63 and p73, which are close relatives of p53, are rarely mutated in tumour cells. At a theoretical level, therapeutic approaches that reinstate p53 activity, or augment p63 and p73, provide plausible and potentially efficacious routes towards new cancer treatments. Equally important is the clinical need to increase the efficacy of conventional anti-cancer drugs. Incapacitating the p53 response to limit the side effects in healthy cells may be one approach towards increasing the therapeutic window of many current anti-cancer drugs. Nevertheless, while cancer drug discovery focussed on p53 is an exciting and realistic possibility, translating this concept into a clinical setting is likely to be challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantinos Demonacos
- Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Davidson Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, U.K
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18
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Zander T, Kraus JA, Grommes C, Schlegel U, Feinstein D, Klockgether T, Landreth G, Koenigsknecht J, Heneka MT. Induction of apoptosis in human and rat glioma by agonists of the nuclear receptor PPARgamma. J Neurochem 2002; 81:1052-60. [PMID: 12065618 DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.00899.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Malignant astrocytomas are among the most common brain tumours and few therapeutic options exist. It has recently been recognized that the ligand-activated nuclear receptor PPARgamma can regulate cellular proliferation and induce apoptosis in different malignant cells. We report the effect of three structurally different PPARgamma agonists inducing apoptosis in human (U87MG and A172) and rat (C6) glioma cells. The PPARgamma agonists ciglitazone, LY171 833 and prostaglandin-J2, but not the PPARalpha agonist WY14643, inhibited proliferation and induced cell death. PPARgamma agonist-induced cell death was characterized by DNA fragmentation and nuclear condensation, as well as inhibited by the synthetic receptor-antagonist bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE). In contrast, primary murine astrocytes were not affected by PPARgamma agonist treatment. The apoptotic death in the glioma cell lines treated with PPARgamma agonists was correlated with the transient up-regulation of Bax and Bad protein levels. Furthermore, inhibition of Bax expression by specific antisense oligonucleotides protected glioma cells against PPARgamma-mediated apoptosis, indicating an essential role of Bax in PPARgamma-induced apoptosis. However, PPARgamma agonists not only induced apoptosis but also caused redifferentiation as indicated by outgrowth of long processes and expression of the redifferentiation marker N-cadherin in response to PPARgamma agonists. Taken together, treatment of glioma cells with PPARgamma agonists may hold therapeutic potential for the treatment of gliomas.
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19
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Sauerberg P, Pettersson I, Jeppesen L, Bury PS, Mogensen JP, Wassermann K, Brand CL, Sturis J, Wöldike HF, Fleckner J, Andersen AST, Mortensen SB, Svensson LA, Rasmussen HB, Lehmann SV, Polivka Z, Sindelar K, Panajotova V, Ynddal L, Wulff EM. Novel tricyclic-alpha-alkyloxyphenylpropionic acids: dual PPARalpha/gamma agonists with hypolipidemic and antidiabetic activity. J Med Chem 2002; 45:789-804. [PMID: 11831892 DOI: 10.1021/jm010964g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of tricyclic alpha-ethoxy-phenylpropionic acid derivatives guided by in vitro PPARalpha and PPARgamma transactivation data and computer modeling led to the identification of the novel carbazole analogue, 3q, with dual PPARalpha (EC(50) = 0.36 microM) and PPARgamma (EC(50) = 0.17 microM) activity in vitro. Ten days treatment of db/db mice with 3q improved the insulin sensitivity, as measured by OGTT, better than that seen with both pioglitazone and rosiglitazone treatment, suggesting in vivo PPARgamma activity. Likewise, 3q lowered plasma triglycerides and cholesterol in high cholesterol fed rats after 4 days treatment, indicating in vivo PPARalpha activity. Investigations of the pharmacokinetics of selected compounds suggested that extended drug exposure improved the in vivo activity of in vitro active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Per Sauerberg
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park E9 2.02, 2760 Måløv, Denmark.
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20
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Abstract
Doxorubicin is a widely used anti-cancer drug. It is assumed to act by inhibiting DNA replication or transcription, although its precise targets and mechanism of cytotoxicity remain unresolved. A T7 phage library expressing human liver cDNA was screened against immobilized doxorubicin to isolate doxorubicin binding proteins. The selected phage contained the C-terminal region of nucleolar phosphoprotein hNopp140, an important factor in the biogenesis of the nucleolus. When the cloned sequence was expressed in E. coli, the recombinant protein was phosphorylated by casein kinase II and oligomerized in the presence of magnesium and fluoride ions, as occurs in vivo. Doxorubicin bound to the expressed protein with a dissociation constant of 4.5 x 10(-6) M, and this interaction was inhibited by the phosphorylation of hNopp140. These results suggested that doxorubicin might disrupt the cellular function of hNopp140.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngnam Jin
- Structural Biology Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 131, Cheongryang, Seoul 130-650, South Korea
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21
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Richard DE, Berra E, Pouyssegur J. Nonhypoxic pathway mediates the induction of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha in vascular smooth muscle cells. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:26765-71. [PMID: 10837481 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m003325200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) controls the expression of a number of genes such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Erythropoietin in low oxygen conditions (hypoxia). VEGF is strongly induced at both the mRNA and protein expression level by a number of hormones and growth factors in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) independently of the oxygen environment. However, the role of HIF-1alpha in this induction has not been studied. We report here that HIF-1alpha protein levels are strongly increased by fetal calf serum in quiescent VSMC. More interestingly, Angiotensin II (Ang II), thrombin, platelet-derived growth factor, and other hormones can also increase HIF-1alpha in VSMC to levels that are substantially more elevated than the hypoxic treatment. HIF-1alpha induced by Ang II is located in the nucleus, binds to the hypoxic response element, and is transcriptionally active. The induction of HIF-1alpha by hormones is mediated through the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), since it can be blocked by the ROS inhibitors, diphenyleneiodonium and catalase. Finally, strong induction of VEGF mRNA by Ang II can also be inhibited by these ROS inhibitors. These results implicate HIF-1alpha and HIF-1-dependent transcriptional activity in the induction of VEGF expression after agonist stimulation and define novel hypoxia-independent mechanisms that should play a major role in vascular remodeling.
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MESH Headings
- Angiotensin II/pharmacology
- Animals
- Base Sequence
- Cells, Cultured
- DNA Primers
- DNA-Binding Proteins/agonists
- DNA-Binding Proteins/biosynthesis
- Endothelial Growth Factors/biosynthesis
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit
- Lymphokines/biosynthesis
- Male
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Physiologic
- Nuclear Proteins/agonists
- Nuclear Proteins/biosynthesis
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Transcription Factors
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- D E Richard
- Institute of Signaling, Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, UMR CNRS 6543, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, 33 Avenue Valombrose, 06189 Nice, France.
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Brown PJ, Winegar DA, Plunket KD, Moore LB, Lewis MC, Wilson JG, Sundseth SS, Koble CS, Wu Z, Chapman JM, Lehmann JM, Kliewer SA, Willson TM. A ureido-thioisobutyric acid (GW9578) is a subtype-selective PPARalpha agonist with potent lipid-lowering activity. J Med Chem 1999; 42:3785-8. [PMID: 10508427 DOI: 10.1021/jm9903601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P J Brown
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Glaxo Wellcome Research & Development, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA.
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