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Villanueva B, Cerdà P, Torres-Iglesias R, Rocamora JL, Figueras A, Viñals F, Riera-Mestre A. Potential angiogenic biomarkers in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia and other vascular diseases. Eur J Intern Med 2023; 115:10-17. [PMID: 37225595 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2023.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Biomarkers are new tools framed in precision and personalized medicine. Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a rare genetic vascular disease with disturbances in the angiogenic pathways. Descriptive evidence supports that some angiogenesis-related molecules are differently detected in HHT patients compared to healthy subjects. These molecules are also related to diagnosis, prognosis, complications and therapy monitoring in other common vascular diseases. Despite the need for improving knowledge before applying them in daily clinical practice, there are good candidates to be considered as potential biomarkers in HHT and other vascular diseases. In the present review, the authors aim to summarize and discuss current evidence regarding the main putative angiogenic biomarkers by describing the biological role of each biomarker, the evidence related to HHT and their potential use in this and other common vascular diseases from a clinical point-of-view.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Villanueva
- HHT Unit. Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - P Cerdà
- HHT Unit. Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Torres-Iglesias
- HHT Unit. Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - J L Rocamora
- HHT Unit. Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Figueras
- Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance, Institut Catala d'Oncologia, Hospital Duran i Reynals, Barcelona, Spain; Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Viñals
- Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance, Institut Catala d'Oncologia, Hospital Duran i Reynals, Barcelona, Spain; Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Riera-Mestre
- HHT Unit. Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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González-Rodríguez L, Pérez-Davila S, Lama R, López-Álvarez M, Serra J, Novoa B, Figueras A, González P. 3D printing of PLA:CaP:GO scaffolds for bone tissue applications. RSC Adv 2023; 13:15947-15959. [PMID: 37260570 PMCID: PMC10227527 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00981e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) has attracted increasing interest for biomedical applications owing to its outstanding properties such as high specific surface area, ability to bind functional molecules for therapeutic purposes and solubility, together with mechanical resistance and good thermal conductivity. The combination of GO with other biomaterials, such as calcium phosphate (CaP) and biodegradable polymers, presents a promising strategy for bone tissue engineering. Presently, the development of these advanced biomaterials benefits from the use of additive manufacturing techniques, such as 3D printing. In this study, we develop a 3D printed PLA:CaP:GO scaffold for bone tissue engineering. First, GO was characterised alone by XPS to determine its main bond contributions and C : O ratio. Secondly, we determined the GO dose which ensures the absence of toxicity, directly exposed in vitro (human osteoblast-like cells MG-63) and in vivo (zebrafish model). In addition, GO was microinjected in the zebrafish to evaluate its effect on immune cells, quantifying the genetic expression of the main markers. Results indicated that the GO tested (C : O of 2.14, 49.50% oxidised, main bonds: C-OH, C-O-C) in a dose ≤0.25 mg mL-1 promoted MG63 cells viability percentages above 70%, and in a dose ≤0.10 mg mL-1 resulted in the absence of toxicity in zebrafish embryos. The immune response evaluation reinforced this result. Finally, the optimised GO dose (0.10 mg mL-1) was combined with polylactic acid (PLA) and CaP to obtain a 3D printed PLA:CaP:GO scaffold. Physicochemical characterisation (SEM/EDS, XRD, FT-Raman, nano-indentation) was performed and in vivo tests confirmed its biocompatibility, enabling a novel approach for bone tissue-related applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- L González-Rodríguez
- CINTECX, Universidade de Vigo, Grupo de Novos Materiais 36310 Vigo Spain
- Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO 36213 Vigo Spain
| | - S Pérez-Davila
- CINTECX, Universidade de Vigo, Grupo de Novos Materiais 36310 Vigo Spain
- Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO 36213 Vigo Spain
| | - R Lama
- Institute of Marine Reseach (IIM), CSIC Eduardo Cabello 6 36208 Vigo Spain
| | - M López-Álvarez
- CINTECX, Universidade de Vigo, Grupo de Novos Materiais 36310 Vigo Spain
- Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO 36213 Vigo Spain
| | - J Serra
- CINTECX, Universidade de Vigo, Grupo de Novos Materiais 36310 Vigo Spain
- Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO 36213 Vigo Spain
| | - B Novoa
- Institute of Marine Reseach (IIM), CSIC Eduardo Cabello 6 36208 Vigo Spain
| | - A Figueras
- Institute of Marine Reseach (IIM), CSIC Eduardo Cabello 6 36208 Vigo Spain
| | - P González
- CINTECX, Universidade de Vigo, Grupo de Novos Materiais 36310 Vigo Spain
- Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO 36213 Vigo Spain
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Panebianco A, Rey-Campos M, Romero A, Diz AP, Novoa B, Figueras A. Mytilus galloprovincialis releases immunologically functional haemocytes to the intervalvar space in response to tissue injury and infection. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2023; 138:108806. [PMID: 37169107 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Haemocytes of Mytilus galloprovincialis represent the main component of the internal self-defence system. Although haemocytes from haemolymph are usually studied to analyse these animals' immune response, the presence of haemocytes in the intervalvar liquid, which is essentially sea water, led us to characterize them. Several functional (ROS production, phagocytosis, gene expression, travel velocity and distance) and morphological (area, size and granularity) assays were performed by applying different stimuli to the mussels (waterborne infection, shell injury and their combination). Our results revealed that intervalvar liquid haemocytes share common characteristics with haemolymph haemocytes (for instance, the cell morphology and the cell population structure divided in three main groups) but also show significant differences in size (usually smaller in the intervalvar liquid), mobility (commonly faster in the intervalvar liquid), ROS production (higher in non-stimulated intervalvar liquid cells) and gene expression (IL17, Myd88 and CathL are over expressed in liquid intervalvar cells compared to haemolymph cells). Moreover, differences were observed when mussels were subjected to the mentioned treatments. These free intervalvar haemocytes could constitute the first line of defence as external sentinels extending the immunological alert system outside of the mussel body.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Panebianco
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain; Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - M Rey-Campos
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - A Romero
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - A P Diz
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain; Centro de Investigación Mariña, Universidade de Vigo (CIM-UVigo), Vigo, Spain
| | - B Novoa
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - A Figueras
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain.
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Monteiro M, Perdiguero P, Couto A, Serra CR, Pereiro P, Novoa B, Figueras A, Ribeiro L, Pousão-Ferreira P, Tafalla C, Oliva-Teles A, Enes P, Secombes CJ, Díaz-Rosales P. Comprehensive transcriptome profiling and functional analysis of the meagre (Argyrosomus regius) immune system. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2022; 123:506-520. [PMID: 35351613 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Meagre (Argyrosomus regius) belongs to the family Sciaenidae and is a promising candidate for Mediterranean aquaculture diversification. As a relatively recent species in aquaculture, the physiological consequences of the immune system activation in meagre are understudied. Spleen, as a primary lymphoid organ has an essential role in meagre immune and inflammatory responses. In this study, we have evaluated the in vivo effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the spleen transcriptome of meagre by RNA-seq analysis at 4 and 24 h after injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Monteiro
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
| | - P Perdiguero
- Inmunología y Patología de Peces, Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA, INIA-CSIC), Carretera de Algete a El Casar s/n, 28130 Valdeolmos-Alalpardo, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Genética, Fisiología y Microbiología. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad universitaria s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Couto
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - C R Serra
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - P Pereiro
- Inmunología y Genómica, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - B Novoa
- Inmunología y Genómica, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - A Figueras
- Inmunología y Genómica, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - L Ribeiro
- IPMA - Portuguese Institute for Sea and Atmosphere / EPPO - Aquaculture Research Station, Av. Parque Natural da Ria Formosa, s/n 8700-194 Olhão, Portugal
| | - P Pousão-Ferreira
- IPMA - Portuguese Institute for Sea and Atmosphere / EPPO - Aquaculture Research Station, Av. Parque Natural da Ria Formosa, s/n 8700-194 Olhão, Portugal
| | - C Tafalla
- Inmunología y Patología de Peces, Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA, INIA-CSIC), Carretera de Algete a El Casar s/n, 28130 Valdeolmos-Alalpardo, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Oliva-Teles
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - P Enes
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - C J Secombes
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, University of Aberdeen, Zoology Building, Tillydrone Avenue, AB24 2TZ Aberdeen, UK
| | - P Díaz-Rosales
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Inmunología y Patología de Peces, Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA, INIA-CSIC), Carretera de Algete a El Casar s/n, 28130 Valdeolmos-Alalpardo, Madrid, Spain.
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Sendra M, Sparaventi E, Novoa B, Figueras A. An overview of the internalization and effects of microplastics and nanoplastics as pollutants of emerging concern in bivalves. Sci Total Environ 2021; 753:142024. [PMID: 33207452 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic and nanoplastic pollution in aquatic environments is a topic of emerging concern due to the internalization, retention time and effects of these particles in aquatic biota. Bivalves are considered bioindicators due to their wide distribution, sessile behaviour, occupation of ecological niches and ability to filter a large water volume. The study of microplastics and nanoplastics in bivalves has revealed the uptake mechanisms, internalization, distribution and depuration of these particles as well as their effects on physiological parameters, morphological alterations, immunotoxicity and changes in gene expression and proteomic profiles. In this review, we examine the primary characteristics of microplastics and nanoplastics (type of material, size, coating, density, additives and shapes) involved in their possible toxicity in bivalves. Furthermore, secondary characteristics such as the suspension media, aggregation stage and adsorption of persistent pollutants were also recorded to assess the impact of these materials on bivalves. Here, we have highlighted the efforts exerted thus far and the remaining gaps in understanding the extent of microplastic and nanoplastic impacts on bivalves on the basis of laboratory experiments and mesocosm bioassays and in the field. Furthermore, further microplastic and nanoplastic toxicological studies are proposed to facilitate the realistic assessment of environmental risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sendra
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain.
| | - E Sparaventi
- Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (ICMAN), National Research Council (CSIC), Campus Río San Pedro, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - B Novoa
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - A Figueras
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
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6
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Sendra M, Pereiro P, Yeste MP, Mercado L, Figueras A, Novoa B. Size matters: Zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model to study toxicity of nanoplastics from cells to the whole organism. Environ Pollut 2021; 268:115769. [PMID: 33070068 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The contamination of the aquatic environment by plastic nanoparticles is becoming a major concern due to their potential adverse effects in aquatic biota. Therefore, in-depth knowledge of their uptake, trafficking and effects at cellular and systemic levels is essential to understand their potential impacts for aquatic species. In this work, zebrafish (Danio rerio) was used as a model and our aims were: i) to determine the distribution, uptake, trafficking, degradation and genotoxicity of polystyrene (PS) NPs of different sizes in a zebrafish cell line; ii) to study PS NPs accumulation, migration of immune cells and genotoxicity in larvae exposed to PS NPs; and iii) to assess how PS NPs condition the survival of zebrafish larvae exposed to a pathogen and/or how they impact the resistance of an immunodeficient zebrafish. Our results revealed that the cellular distribution differed depending on the particle size: the 50 nm PS NPs were more homogeneously distributed in the cytoplasm and the 1 μM PS NPs more agglomerated. The main endocytic mechanisms for the uptake of NPs were dynamin-dependent internalization for the 50 nm NPs and phagocytosis for the 1 μm nanoparticles. In both cases, degradation in lysosomes was the main fate of the PS NPs, which generated alkalinisation and modified cathepsin genes expression. These effects at cellular level agree with the results in vivo, since lysosomal alkalization increases oxidative stress and vice versa. Nanoparticles mainly accumulated in the gut, where they triggered reactive oxygen species, decreased expression of the antioxidant gene catalase and induced migration of immune cells. Finally, although PS NPs did not induce mortality in wild-type larvae, immunodeficient and infected larvae had decreased survival upon exposure to PS NPs. This fact could be explained by the mechanical disruption and/or the oxidative damage caused by these NPs that increase their susceptibility to pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sendra
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - P Pereiro
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - M P Yeste
- Department of Material Science, Metallurgical Engineering and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cádiz, Spain
| | - L Mercado
- Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - A Figueras
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - B Novoa
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain.
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Sendra M, Saco A, Rey-Campos M, Novoa B, Figueras A. Immune-responsive gene 1 (IRG1) and dimethyl itaconate are involved in the mussel immune response. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2020; 106:645-655. [PMID: 32798695 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Immune-responsive gene 1 (irg1) is a gene that is well-conserved among different taxa and is highly expressed in the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis at the constitutive level. The expression of this gene increases after a bacterial infection, primarily in haemocytes. irg1 catalyses the production of itaconic acid from cis-aconitic acid in the Krebs cycle. Recently, itaconate has been revealed as an immune metabolite involved in macrophage polarization. In this work, we studied the effects of exogenous dimethyl itaconate (DI) on mussels in vitro and in vivo at relevant previously described endogenous concentrations and in mussels infected with Vibrio splendidus. DI did not have adverse effects on the haemocytes viability, apoptotic cells, proliferation and phagocytic activity; however, haemocyte size, velocity and accumulated distance were decreased. The antibacterial activity of DI in vitro and in vivo was observed with high concentrations of DI, that is, 30 and 50 mM, respectively. Furthermore, DI inhibited total ROS, increased mitochondrial ROS and modulated antioxidant genes, such as SOD and CAT, related to Nrf2 activation. In this research, we have demonstrated some important pathways in haemocytes in which itaconate can be involved after its production in a bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sendra
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - A Saco
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - M Rey-Campos
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - B Novoa
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain.
| | - A Figueras
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
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Sendra M, Saco A, Yeste MP, Romero A, Novoa B, Figueras A. Nanoplastics: From tissue accumulation to cell translocation into Mytilus galloprovincialis hemocytes. resilience of immune cells exposed to nanoplastics and nanoplastics plus Vibrio splendidus combination. J Hazard Mater 2020; 388:121788. [PMID: 31813690 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Plastic litter is an issue of global concern. In this work Mytilus galloprovincialis was used to study the distribution and effects of polystyrene nanoplastics (PS NPs) of different sizes (50 nm, 100 nm and 1 μm) on immune cells. Internalization and translocation of NPs to hemolymph were carried out by in vivo experiments, while endocytic routes and effects of PS NPs on hemocytes were studied in vitro. The smallest PS NPs tested were detected in the digestive gland and muscle. A fast and size-dependent translocation of PS NPs to the hemolymph was recorded after 3 h of exposure. The internalization rate of 50 nm PS NPs was lower when caveolae and clathrin endocytosis pathways were inhibited. On the other hand, the internalization of larger particles decreased when phagocytosis was inhibited. The hemocytes exposed to NPs had changes in motility, apoptosis, ROS and phagocytic capacity. However, they showed resilience when were infected with bacteria after PS NP exposure being able to recover their phagocytic capacity although the expression of the antimicrobial peptide Myticin C was reduced. Our findings show for the first time the translocation of PS NPs into hemocytes and how their effects trigger the loss of its functional parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sendra
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - A Saco
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - M P Yeste
- Department of Material Science, Metallurgical Engineering and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cádiz, Spain
| | - A Romero
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - B Novoa
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - A Figueras
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain.
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Ríos R, Aranguren R, Gastaldelli M, Arcangeli G, Novoa B, Figueras A. Development and validation of a specific real-time PCR assay for the detection of the parasite Perkinsus olseni. J Invertebr Pathol 2019; 169:107301. [PMID: 31794707 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2019.107301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Perkinsus olseni is a protozoan parasite that infects a wide variety of molluscs worldwide, causing economic losses in the aquaculture sector. In the present study, a quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay was developed for the detection and quantification of P. olseni in clam gill tissue and hemolymph (Ruditapes philippinarum and R. decussatus), and the results were compared with those of the standard diagnostic methods recommended by the O.I.E. (World Organisation for Animal Health): Ray's fluid thioglycollate culture method (RFTM), a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay and histopathology. The efficiency, sensitivity and reproducibility of the newly described qPCR assay were also determined. The highest prevalence was detected using the qPCR assay, and the strongest linear correlation was obtained between the RFTM infection levels and the threshold cycle (Ct) number from the gill tissue. Although better results were obtained from gill than from the hemolymph in the qPCR assays, especially with lower infection levels of the parasite, a significant linear correlation was observed between Ct values from the gill and hemolymph. The qPCR assay that was developed in this study showed high sensitivity, specificity and reproducibility for the detection and quantification of P. olseni.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ríos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - R Aranguren
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - M Gastaldelli
- Istituto zooprofilattico sperimentale delle Venezie V. le Università, 10 35020 Legnaro (Pd), Italy
| | - G Arcangeli
- Istituto zooprofilattico sperimentale delle Venezie V. le Università, 10 35020 Legnaro (Pd), Italy
| | - B Novoa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - A Figueras
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain.
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Roy UB, Elkins I, Feldman J, Figueras A, Kennedy T. OA03.06 Impact of an EGFR-Lung Cancer Diagnosis on Quality of Life of Patients: Learnings from Project Priority. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Roy UB, Elkins I, Figueras A, Kennedy T. MA16.01 Project PRIORITY: A Patient-Founded and Patient-Driven Research Partnership on Real-World Data on EGFR-Positive Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Correa Gonzalez N, Diaz Cortes D, Figueras A, Muñoz O. TP3 Estudio de utilizacion de drogas: Descripción del uso de inmunoglobulina intravenosa humana en un Hospital Universitario de Bogotá, Colombia. Value Health Reg Issues 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vhri.2019.08.470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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13
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Lama R, Pereiro P, Costa MM, Encinar JA, Medina-Gali RM, Pérez L, Lamas J, Leiro J, Figueras A, Novoa B. Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) Nk-lysin induces protection against the pathogenic parasite Philasterides dicentrarchi via membrane disruption. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2018; 82:190-199. [PMID: 30086378 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
P. dicentrarchi is one of the most threatening pathogens for turbot aquaculture. This protozoan ciliate is a causative agent of scuticociliatosis, which is a disease with important economic consequences for the sector. Neither vaccines nor therapeutic treatments are commercially available to combat this infection. Numerous antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have demonstrated broad-spectrum activity against bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites and even tumor cells; an example is Nk-lysin (Nkl), which is an AMP belonging to the saposin-like protein (SAPLIP) family with an ability to interact with biological membranes. Following the recent characterization of turbot Nkl, an expression plasmid encoding Nkl was constructed and an anti-Nkl polyclonal antibody was successfully tested. Using these tools, we demonstrated that although infection did not clearly affect nkl mRNA expression, it induced changes at the protein level. Turbot Nkl had the ability to inhibit proliferation of the P. dicentrarchi parasite both in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, a shortened peptide containing the active core of turbot Nkl (Nkl71-100) was synthesized and showed high antiparasitic activity with a direct effect on parasite viability that probably occurred via membrane disruption. Therefore, the nkl gene may be a good candidate for genetic breeding selection of fish, and either the encoded peptide or its shortened analog is a promising antiparasitic treatment in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lama
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Vigo, Spain
| | - P Pereiro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Vigo, Spain
| | - M M Costa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Vigo, Spain
| | - J A Encinar
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC), Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche, Spain
| | - R M Medina-Gali
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC), Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche, Spain
| | - L Pérez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC), Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche, Spain
| | - J Lamas
- Departamento de Biología Funcional e Instituto de Acuicultura, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J Leiro
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Instituto de Investigación y Análisis Alimentarios, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - A Figueras
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Vigo, Spain
| | - B Novoa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Vigo, Spain.
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14
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Forn-Cuní G, Varela M, Pereiro P, Novoa B, Figueras A. Conserved gene regulation during acute inflammation between zebrafish and mammals. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41905. [PMID: 28157230 PMCID: PMC5291205 DOI: 10.1038/srep41905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Zebrafish (Danio rerio), largely used as a model for studying developmental processes, has also emerged as a valuable system for modelling human inflammatory diseases. However, in a context where even mice have been questioned as a valid model for these analysis, a systematic study evaluating the reproducibility of human and mammalian inflammatory diseases in zebrafish is still lacking. In this report, we characterize the transcriptomic regulation to lipopolysaccharide in adult zebrafish kidney, liver, and muscle tissues using microarrays and demonstrate how the zebrafish genomic responses can effectively reproduce the mammalian inflammatory process induced by acute endotoxin stress. We provide evidence that immune signaling pathways and single gene expression is well conserved throughout evolution and that the zebrafish and mammal acute genomic responses after lipopolysaccharide stimulation are highly correlated despite the differential susceptibility between species to that compound. Therefore, we formally confirm that zebrafish inflammatory models are suited to study the basic mechanisms of inflammation in human inflammatory diseases, with great translational impact potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Forn-Cuní
- Inmunología y Genómica, Institute of Marine Research (IIM), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), c/Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - M Varela
- Inmunología y Genómica, Institute of Marine Research (IIM), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), c/Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - P Pereiro
- Inmunología y Genómica, Institute of Marine Research (IIM), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), c/Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - B Novoa
- Inmunología y Genómica, Institute of Marine Research (IIM), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), c/Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - A Figueras
- Inmunología y Genómica, Institute of Marine Research (IIM), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), c/Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
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15
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Mateo F, Arenas EJ, Aguilar H, Serra-Musach J, de Garibay GR, Boni J, Maicas M, Du S, Iorio F, Herranz-Ors C, Islam A, Prado X, Llorente A, Petit A, Vidal A, Català I, Soler T, Venturas G, Rojo-Sebastian A, Serra H, Cuadras D, Blanco I, Lozano J, Canals F, Sieuwerts AM, de Weerd V, Look MP, Puertas S, García N, Perkins AS, Bonifaci N, Skowron M, Gómez-Baldó L, Hernández V, Martínez-Aranda A, Martínez-Iniesta M, Serrat X, Cerón J, Brunet J, Barretina MP, Gil M, Falo C, Fernández A, Morilla I, Pernas S, Plà MJ, Andreu X, Seguí MA, Ballester R, Castellà E, Nellist M, Morales S, Valls J, Velasco A, Matias-Guiu X, Figueras A, Sánchez-Mut JV, Sánchez-Céspedes M, Cordero A, Gómez-Miragaya J, Palomero L, Gómez A, Gajewski TF, Cohen EEW, Jesiotr M, Bodnar L, Quintela-Fandino M, López-Bigas N, Valdés-Mas R, Puente XS, Viñals F, Casanovas O, Graupera M, Hernández-Losa J, Ramón Y Cajal S, García-Alonso L, Saez-Rodriguez J, Esteller M, Sierra A, Martín-Martín N, Matheu A, Carracedo A, González-Suárez E, Nanjundan M, Cortés J, Lázaro C, Odero MD, Martens JWM, Moreno-Bueno G, Barcellos-Hoff MH, Villanueva A, Gomis RR, Pujana MA. Stem cell-like transcriptional reprogramming mediates metastatic resistance to mTOR inhibition. Oncogene 2016; 36:2737-2749. [PMID: 27991928 PMCID: PMC5442428 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Inhibitors of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) are currently used to treat advanced metastatic breast cancer. However, whether an aggressive phenotype is sustained through adaptation or resistance to mTOR inhibition remains unknown. Here, complementary studies in human tumors, cancer models and cell lines reveal transcriptional reprogramming that supports metastasis in response to mTOR inhibition. This cancer feature is driven by EVI1 and SOX9. EVI1 functionally cooperates with and positively regulates SOX9, and promotes the transcriptional upregulation of key mTOR pathway components (REHB and RAPTOR) and of lung metastasis mediators (FSCN1 and SPARC). The expression of EVI1 and SOX9 is associated with stem cell-like and metastasis signatures, and their depletion impairs the metastatic potential of breast cancer cells. These results establish the mechanistic link between resistance to mTOR inhibition and cancer metastatic potential, thus enhancing our understanding of mTOR targeting failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mateo
- Breast Cancer and Systems Biology Laboratory, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E J Arenas
- Oncology Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - H Aguilar
- Breast Cancer and Systems Biology Laboratory, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Serra-Musach
- Breast Cancer and Systems Biology Laboratory, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Ruiz de Garibay
- Breast Cancer and Systems Biology Laboratory, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Boni
- Breast Cancer and Systems Biology Laboratory, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Maicas
- Centre for Applied Medical Research (CIMA) and Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - S Du
- Department of Radiation Oncology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - F Iorio
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory-European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK.,Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - C Herranz-Ors
- Breast Cancer and Systems Biology Laboratory, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Islam
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - X Prado
- Breast Cancer and Systems Biology Laboratory, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Llorente
- Breast Cancer and Systems Biology Laboratory, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Petit
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Bellvitge, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Vidal
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Bellvitge, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - I Català
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Bellvitge, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - T Soler
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Bellvitge, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Venturas
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Bellvitge, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Rojo-Sebastian
- Department of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - H Serra
- Angiogenesis Research Group, ProCURE, ICO, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - D Cuadras
- Statistics Unit, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - I Blanco
- Hereditary Cancer Programme, ICO, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Lozano
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Málaga University, and Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Mediterranean Institute for the Advance of Biotechnology and Health Research (IBIMA), University Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain
| | - F Canals
- ProteoRed-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Proteomic Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A M Sieuwerts
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Daniel den Hoed Cancer Center, Cancer Genomics Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - V de Weerd
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Daniel den Hoed Cancer Center, Cancer Genomics Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M P Look
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Daniel den Hoed Cancer Center, Cancer Genomics Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S Puertas
- Chemoresistance and Predictive Factors Laboratory, ProCURE, ICO, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N García
- Breast Cancer and Systems Biology Laboratory, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A S Perkins
- University of Rochester Medical Center, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - N Bonifaci
- Breast Cancer and Systems Biology Laboratory, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Skowron
- Breast Cancer and Systems Biology Laboratory, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Gómez-Baldó
- Breast Cancer and Systems Biology Laboratory, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - V Hernández
- Biological Clues of the Invasive and Metastatic Phenotype Laboratory, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Martínez-Aranda
- Biological Clues of the Invasive and Metastatic Phenotype Laboratory, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Martínez-Iniesta
- Chemoresistance and Predictive Factors Laboratory, ProCURE, ICO, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - X Serrat
- Cancer and Human Molecular Genetics, IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Cerón
- Cancer and Human Molecular Genetics, IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Brunet
- Hereditary Cancer Programme, ICO, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
| | - M P Barretina
- Department of Medical Oncology, ICO, IDIBGI, Girona, Spain
| | - M Gil
- Department of Medical Oncology, ICO, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Falo
- Department of Medical Oncology, ICO, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Fernández
- Department of Medical Oncology, ICO, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - I Morilla
- Department of Medical Oncology, ICO, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Pernas
- Department of Medical Oncology, ICO, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M J Plà
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital of Bellvitge, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - X Andreu
- Department of Pathology, Parc Taulí Hospital Consortium, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M A Seguí
- Medical Oncology Service, Parc Taulí Hospital Consortium, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Ballester
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, ICO, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Castellà
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, ICO, IGTP, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Nellist
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S Morales
- Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRB Lleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - J Valls
- Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRB Lleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - A Velasco
- Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRB Lleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - X Matias-Guiu
- Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRB Lleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - A Figueras
- Angiogenesis Research Group, ProCURE, ICO, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J V Sánchez-Mut
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Sánchez-Céspedes
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Cordero
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Gómez-Miragaya
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Palomero
- Breast Cancer and Systems Biology Laboratory, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Gómez
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - T F Gajewski
- Departments of Pathology and Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - E E W Cohen
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - M Jesiotr
- Department of Pathology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - L Bodnar
- Department of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Quintela-Fandino
- Breast Cancer Clinical Research Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - N López-Bigas
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Valdés-Mas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Institute of Oncology of Asturias, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - X S Puente
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Institute of Oncology of Asturias, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - F Viñals
- Angiogenesis Research Group, ProCURE, ICO, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - O Casanovas
- Angiogenesis Research Group, ProCURE, ICO, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Graupera
- Angiogenesis Research Group, ProCURE, ICO, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Hernández-Losa
- Department of Pathology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Ramón Y Cajal
- Department of Pathology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L García-Alonso
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory-European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - J Saez-Rodriguez
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory-European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - M Esteller
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Physiological Sciences II, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Sierra
- Molecular and Translational Oncology Laboratory, Biomedical Research Center CELLEX-CRBC, Biomedical Research Institute 'August Pi i Sunyer' (IDIBAPS), and Systems Biology Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Vic, Central University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Martín-Martín
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Derio, Spain
| | - A Matheu
- Neuro-Oncology Section, Oncology Department, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - A Carracedo
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Derio, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - E González-Suárez
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Nanjundan
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - J Cortés
- Department of Medical Oncology, VHIO, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Lázaro
- Hereditary Cancer Programme, ICO, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M D Odero
- Centre for Applied Medical Research (CIMA) and Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - J W M Martens
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Daniel den Hoed Cancer Center, Cancer Genomics Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - G Moreno-Bueno
- Department of Biochemistry, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Biomedical Research Institute 'Alberto Sols' (Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)-UAM), Translational Research Laboratory, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), and MD Anderson International Foundation, Madrid, Spain
| | - M H Barcellos-Hoff
- Department of Radiation Oncology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - A Villanueva
- Chemoresistance and Predictive Factors Laboratory, ProCURE, ICO, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R R Gomis
- Oncology Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - M A Pujana
- Breast Cancer and Systems Biology Laboratory, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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16
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Romero A, Novoa B, Figueras A. Cell mediated immune response of the Mediterranean sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus after PAMPs stimulation. Dev Comp Immunol 2016; 62:29-38. [PMID: 27113124 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2016.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The Mediterranean sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus) is of great ecological and economic importance for the European aquaculture. Yet, most of the studies regarding echinoderm's immunological defense mechanisms reported so far have used the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus as a model, and information on the immunological defense mechanisms of Paracentrotus lividus and other sea urchins, is scarce. To remedy this gap in information, in this study, flow cytometry was used to evaluate several cellular immune mechanisms, such as phagocytosis, cell cooperation, and ROS production in P. lividus coelomocytes after PAMP stimulation. Two cell populations were described. Of the two, the amoeboid-phagocytes were responsible for the phagocytosis and ROS production. Cooperation between amoeboid-phagocytes and non-adherent cells resulted in an increased phagocytic response. Stimulation with several PAMPs modified the phagocytic activity and the production of ROS. The premise that the coelomocytes were activated by the bacterial components was confirmed by the expression levels of two cell mediated immune genes: LPS-Induced TNF-alpha Factor (LITAF) and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF). These results have helped us understand the cellular immune mechanisms in P. lividus and their modulation after PAMP stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Romero
- Marine Research Institute, CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain.
| | - B Novoa
- Marine Research Institute, CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain.
| | - A Figueras
- Marine Research Institute, CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain.
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17
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Romero A, Novoa B, Figueras A. The complexity of apoptotic cell death in mollusks: An update. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2015; 46:79-87. [PMID: 25862972 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Revised: 02/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Apoptosis is a type of programmed cell death that produces changes in cell morphology and in biochemical intracellular processes without inflammatory reactions. The components of the apoptotic pathways are conserved throughout evolution. Caspases are key molecules involved in the transduction of the death signal and are responsible for many of the biochemical and morphological changes associated with apoptosis. Nowadays, It is known that caspases are activated through two major apoptotic pathways (the extrinsic or death receptor pathway and the intrinsic or mitochondrial pathway), but there are also evidences of at least other alternative pathway (the perforin/granzyme pathway). Apoptosis in mollusks seems to be similar in complexity to apoptosis in vertebrates but also has unique features maybe related to their recurrent exposure to environmental changes, pollutants, pathogens and also related to the sedentary nature of some stages in the life cycle of mollusks bivalves and gastropods. As in other animals, apoptotic process is involved in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and also constitutes an important immune response that can be triggered by a variety of stimuli, including cytokines, hormones, toxic insults, viruses, and protozoan parasites. The main goal of this work is to present the current knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of apoptosis in mollusks and to highlight those steps that need further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Romero
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - B Novoa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - A Figueras
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain.
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Pereiro P, Varela M, Diaz-Rosales P, Romero A, Dios S, Figueras A, Novoa B. Zebrafish Nk-lysins: First insights about their cellular and functional diversification. Dev Comp Immunol 2015; 51:148-159. [PMID: 25813149 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2015.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Nk-lysins are antimicrobial proteins produced by cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer cells with a broad antimicrobial spectrum (including bacteria, fungi and parasites). Nevertheless, the implication of these proteins in the protection against viral infections is still poorly understood. In this work, four different Nk-lysin genes (nkla, nklb, nklc and nkld) were identified in the zebrafish genome. That means that zebrafish is the species with the higher repertoire of Nk-lysin genes described so far. The differential expression pattern of the Nk-lysins in several tissues, during ontogeny, among the different kidney cell populations, as well as between Rag1(-/-) and Rag1(+/+) individuals, could suggest a certain specialization of different cell types in the production of different Nk-lysin. Moreover, only two of these genes (nkla and nkld) were significantly up-regulated after viral infection, and this observation could be also a consequence of a functional diversification of the zebrafish Nk-lysins.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pereiro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), CSIC, Vigo, Spain
| | - M Varela
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), CSIC, Vigo, Spain
| | - P Diaz-Rosales
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), CSIC, Vigo, Spain
| | - A Romero
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), CSIC, Vigo, Spain
| | - S Dios
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), CSIC, Vigo, Spain
| | - A Figueras
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), CSIC, Vigo, Spain
| | - B Novoa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), CSIC, Vigo, Spain.
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Guinovart MC, Figueras A, Llop JC, Llor C. Obtaining antibiotics without prescription in Spain in 2014: even easier now than 6 years ago. J Antimicrob Chemother 2015; 70:1270-1. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dku526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Diaz-Rosales P, Pereiro P, Figueras A, Novoa B, Dios S. The warm temperature acclimation protein (Wap65) has an important role in the inflammatory response of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). Fish Shellfish Immunol 2014; 41:80-92. [PMID: 24794581 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Wap65 is a molecule similar to the mammalian hemopexin that is a serum glycoprotein produced mainly by the liver with high affinity to heme. Its primary role is participating in iron metabolism scavenging heme that is released into the plasma and transporting it to the liver. It has been reported an important role of hemopexin in the inflammation as an acute-phase protein and its production is up-regulated by pro-inflammatory cytokines. There are also some evidences suggesting this immune-induction in fish Wap65 genes. Most teleost species presents two Wap65 genes but their physiological functions have not been completely elucidated; in fact, the transcriptional patterns of Wap65 genes to stimulatory treatments are variable and contradictory. In the present study two Wap65 genes, Wap65-1 and Wap65-2, have been characterized for the first time in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). Their constitutive expression and differential modulation by thermal treatments, immune challenges (bacterial and viral), as well as iron supplementation, have been investigated. Both genes were mainly expressed in liver, but they were detected in all tested tissues. Whereas Wap65-1 and Wap65-2 were up-regulated by temperature rise and bacterial challenge, VHSV infection inhibited the expression of both genes. Moreover, iron-dextran administration induced only the overexpression of Wap65-1. Interestingly, these induction were observed in head kidney buy not in liver. The effect of Wap65 protein purified from turbot serum by hemin-agarose affinity chromatography was also studied to demonstrate a possible anti-inflammatory role, analyzing its inhibitory effect on leucocytes migration induced by zymosan injection to the peritoneal cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Diaz-Rosales
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), CSIC, Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - P Pereiro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), CSIC, Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - A Figueras
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), CSIC, Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - B Novoa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), CSIC, Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - S Dios
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), CSIC, Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain.
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Pereiro P, Costa MM, Díaz-Rosales P, Dios S, Figueras A, Novoa B. The first characterization of two type I interferons in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) reveals their differential role, expression pattern and gene induction. Dev Comp Immunol 2014; 45:233-244. [PMID: 24680948 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2014.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Revised: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFNs) are considered the main cytokines directing the antiviral immune response in vertebrates. These molecules are able to induce the transcription of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) which, using different blocking mechanisms, reduce the viral proliferation in the host. In addition, a contradictory role of these IFNs in the protection against bacterial challenges using murine models has been observed, increasing the survival or having a detrimental effect depending on the bacteria species. In teleosts, a variable number of type I IFNs has been described with different expression patterns, protective capabilities or gene induction profiles even for the different IFNs belonging to the same species. In this work, two type I IFNs (ifn1 and ifn2) have been characterized for the first time in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus), showing different properties. Whereas Ifn1 reflected a clear antiviral activity (over-expression of ISGs and protection against viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus), Ifn2 was not able to induce this response, although both transcripts were up-regulated after viral challenge. On the other hand, turbot IFNs did not show any protective effect against the bacteria Aeromonas salmonicida, although they were induced after bacterial challenge. Both IFNs induced the expression of several immune genes, but the effect of Ifn2 was mainly limited to the site of administration (intramuscular injection). Interestingly, Ifn2 but not Ifn1 induced an increase in the expression level of interleukin-1 beta (il1b). Therefore, the role of Ifn2 could be more related with the immune regulation, being involved mainly in the inflammation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pereiro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - M M Costa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - P Díaz-Rosales
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - S Dios
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - A Figueras
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - B Novoa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain.
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Baro M, de Llobet LI, Figueras A, Skvortsova I, Mesia R, Balart J. Dasatinib worsens the effect of cetuximab in combination with fractionated radiotherapy in FaDu- and A431-derived xenografted tumours. Br J Cancer 2014; 111:1310-8. [PMID: 25077442 PMCID: PMC4183853 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cetuximab is often combined with radiotherapy in advanced SCCHN. Alternative routes bypassing inhibition of EGFR with cetuximab may overshadow the efficacy of this combination. We undertook this study to investigate a possible role of dasatinib in this scenario. Methods: The SCC5, SCC25, SCC29, FaDu and A431 cell lines were assessed in vitro for cell proliferation under cetuximab and dasatinib treatments. In FaDu and A431 cells, dasatinib plus cetuximab resulted in higher proliferation than cetuximab alone. Then, FaDu and A431 cells were implanted into subcutaneous tissue of athymic mice that were irradiated with 30 Gy in 10 fractions over 2 weeks, and treated with cetuximab and dasatinib. Tumour growth, DNA synthesis and angiogenesis were determined. The EGFR, RAS-GTP activity, phosphorylated AKT, ERK1/2, SRC protein levels and VEGF secretion were determined in vitro. Results: The addition of dasatinib to cetuximab and radiotherapy increased tumour growth, DNA synthesis and angiogenesis that were associated with RAS, AKT and ERK1/2 activation, and SRC inhibition in FaDu and A431 cells. Conclusions: In xenografts derived from these two cell lines, dasatinib did not improve the efficacy of cetuximab combined with radiotherapy. On the contrary, it worsened tumour control achieved by the combination of these two treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Baro
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Avda. Gran de L'Hospitalet 199-203, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - L I de Llobet
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Avda. Gran de L'Hospitalet 199-203, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - A Figueras
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Avda. Gran de L'Hospitalet 199-203, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - I Skvortsova
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - R Mesia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Avda. Gran de L'Hospitalet 199-203, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - J Balart
- 1] Laboratory of Translational Research, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Avda. Gran de L'Hospitalet 199-203, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain [2] Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Sant Antoni Maria Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
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Costa MM, Pereiro P, Wang T, Secombes CJ, Figueras A, Novoa B. Characterization and gene expression analysis of the two main Th17 cytokines (IL-17A/F and IL-22) in turbot, Scophthalmus maximus. Dev Comp Immunol 2012; 38:505-16. [PMID: 23000268 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2012.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Revised: 09/04/2012] [Accepted: 09/04/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This report describes the cloning, characterization and gene expression pattern of two Th17 cytokines, interleukin (IL)-17A/F and -22, in turbot Scophthalmus maximus. The turbot IL-17A/F cDNA contains a 516 bp open reading frame encoding a deduced IL-17A/F protein of 171 amino acid (aa) residues, containing a predicted signal peptide of 31 aa. Turbot IL-22 had a 564 bp ORF coding for a 187 aa protein with a 33 aa signal peptide. The turbot IL-22 protein contained a typical IL-10 family signature. Both cytokines had highest expression levels in the intestine followed by head kidney and gills. Stimulation with the Gram negative bacterium Aeromonas salmonicida was able to modulate IL-17A/F and IL-22 expression in head kidney, spleen and liver but not the intestine. PMA and PHA were also able to induce the expression of both cytokines, suggesting that, as expected, T-cells are likely the main producers of these molecules in turbot as in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Costa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, CSIC, Vigo, Spain
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24
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Díaz-Rosales P, Romero A, Balseiro P, Dios S, Novoa B, Figueras A. Microarray-based identification of differentially expressed genes in families of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) after infection with viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV). Mar Biotechnol (NY) 2012; 14:515-529. [PMID: 22790792 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-012-9465-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2012] [Accepted: 06/12/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) is one of the major threats to the development of the aquaculture industry worldwide. The present study was aimed to identify genes differentially expressed in several turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) families showing different mortality rates after VHSV. The expression analysis was conducted through genome-wide expression profiling with an oligo-microarray in the head kidney. A significant proportion of the variation in the gene expression profiles seemed to be explained by the genetic background, indicating that the mechanisms by which particular species and/or populations can resist a pathogen(s) are complex and multifactorial. Before the experimental infections, fish from resistant families (low mortality rates after VHSV infection) showed high expression of different antimicrobial peptides, suggesting that their pre-immune state may be stronger than fish of susceptible families (high mortality rates after VHSV infection). After infection, fish from both high- and low-mortality families showed an up-modulation of the interferon-induced Mx2 gene, the IL-8 gene and the VHSV-induced protein 5 gene compared with control groups. Low levels of several molecules secreted in the mucus were observed in high-mortality families, but different genes involved in viral entrance into target cells were down-regulated in low-mortality families. Moreover, these families also showed a strong down-modulation of marker genes related to VHSV target organs, including biochemical markers of renal dysfunction and myocardial injury. In general, the expression of different genes involved in the metabolism of sugars, lipids and proteins were decreased in both low- and high-mortality families after infection. The present study serves as an initial screen for genes of interest and provides an extensive overview of the genetic basis underlying the differences between families that are resistant or susceptible to VHSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Díaz-Rosales
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Eduardo Cabello 6, Vigo, Spain
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Pereiro P, Martinez-Lopez A, Falco A, Dios S, Figueras A, Coll JM, Novoa B, Estepa A. Protection and antibody response induced by intramuscular DNA vaccine encoding for viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) G glycoprotein in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). Fish Shellfish Immunol 2012; 32:1088-1094. [PMID: 22554577 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2012.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2012] [Revised: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) is a high-value farmed marine flatfish with growing demand and production levels in Europe susceptible to turbot-specific viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) strains. To evaluate the possibility of controlling the outbreaks of this infectious disease by means of DNA vaccination, the gpG of a VHSV isolated from farmed turbot (VHSV(860)) was cloned into an expression plasmid containing the human cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter (pMCV1.4-G(860)). In our experimental conditions, DNA immunised turbots were more than 85% protected against VHSV(860) lethal challenge and showed both VHSV-gpG specific and neutralizing antibodies. To our knowledge this is the first report showing the efficacy of turbot genetic immunisation against a VHSV. Work is in progress to determine the contribution of innate and adaptive immunity to the protective response elicited by the immunization.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pereiro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), CSIC, Vigo 36208, Spain
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26
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Varela M, Dios S, Novoa B, Figueras A. Characterisation, expression and ontogeny of interleukin-6 and its receptors in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Dev Comp Immunol 2012; 37:97-106. [PMID: 22107841 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2011.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2011] [Revised: 10/28/2011] [Accepted: 11/04/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is one of the most pleiotropic cytokines due to its importance in both innate and adaptive immune responses and other physiological processes. In this study, we identified the zebrafish (Danio rerio) IL-6 homologue by investigating the synteny between the human (Homo sapiens), the fugu (Takifugu rubripes) and the zebrafish genome. Although zebrafish IL-6 showed a low sequence homology with other IL-6 sequences in other species, it presented a high structural similarity to human IL-6. We also analysed IL-6 expression in several different tissues, along with analysis of the expression of the genes that form the IL-6 receptor complex, IL-6R and gp130. After treatment with bacterial or viral stimuli, zebrafish IL-6 expression was modulated in a manner similar to that of other proinflammatory molecules, such as IL-1β and TNF-α. The expression of IL-6, IL-6R and gp130 was also studied during the ontogeny of zebrafish larvae using quantitative PCR and in situ hybridisation. Our results indicated that the transcripts were detected very early, increased during the first week of life and were predominantly expressed in the head, epidermis and neuromasts of the anterior and posterior lateral line system, suggesting their involvement in the normal development of these tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Varela
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
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27
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Pereiro P, Figueras A, Novoa B. A novel hepcidin-like in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.) highly expressed after pathogen challenge but not after iron overload. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2012; 32:879-89. [PMID: 22381569 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2012.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2011] [Revised: 02/08/2012] [Accepted: 02/12/2012] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Hepcidins are antimicrobial peptides with an important role in the host innate immunity. Moreover, it has been reported that mammalian hepcidins present a dual-function being a key regulator in the iron homeostasis. Here, we describe the coding sequence of a novel hepcidin-like peptide in turbot, Scophthalmus maximus. This molecule presents several differences with regard to the previously characterized hepcidin in this flatfish species and it has not the hypothetical iron regulatory sequence Q-S/I-H-L/I-S/A-L in the N-terminal region. Therefore we propose the existence of at least two types of hepcidin in turbot. Moreover, results revealed a higher variability in the mRNA sequences of the novel hepcidin compared with the other form. Constitutive expression of turbot hepcidins (Hepcidin-1 and Hepcidin-2) was analyzed in several tissues and as expected, both molecules were highly represented in liver. On the other hand, the effect of three different stimuli (bacterial or viral infection and iron overloading) in the level of hepcidin mRNA was also examined and a differential response to pathogens and iron was observed. Whereas both hepcidins were affected by pathogen challenge, only Hepcidin-1 was up-regulated after iron overloading. Therefore, this and other evidences suggest that these peptides could be involved in different functions covering the dual role of mammalian hepcidins.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pereiro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), CSIC, Vigo, Spain
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Schoenenberger J, Rumi L, Ibañez F, Moroba A, Figueras A, Martínez M, Castelló A. Assessment of the information on investigational oral treatment provided to patients in clinical trials. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2012-000074.380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Prado-Alvarez M, Romero A, Balseiro P, Dios S, Novoa B, Figueras A. Morphological characterization and functional immune response of the carpet shell clam (Ruditapes decussatus) haemocytes after bacterial stimulation. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2012; 32:69-78. [PMID: 22051180 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2011.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2011] [Revised: 10/19/2011] [Accepted: 10/20/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The morphology and functionality of Ruditapes decussatus haemocytes have been characterized by light microscopy and flow cytometry, leading to the identification of three different cellular subpopulations. Granulocytes were the largest cells, the hyalinocytes were smaller and contained fewer granules and the intermediate cells showed a size similar to hyalinocytes and a higher number of granules. The phagocytosis of different particles and the associated production of oxygen radicals were measured by flow cytometric methods. Granulocytes were the most active cells, followed by the intermediate cells and hyalinocytes. The effect of stimulation of haemocytes with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), with a heat inactivated bacterial mixture or with the infection of Vibrio splendidus on the cell viability and the expression of selected immune-related genes were studied. While significant low levels of damaged cells were registered in LPS-stimulated cells, the treatment with dead bacteria or V. splendidus reduced cell viability 1 h, 3 h and 6 h after treatment. The stimulation of haemocytes with LPS and dead bacteria induced changes in the expression of defender against cell death (DAD-1), thrombin, prosaposin, inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP), factor B and C3 complement component.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Prado-Alvarez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, CSIC, C/Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
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Moreira R, Balseiro P, Romero A, Dios S, Posada D, Novoa B, Figueras A. Gene expression analysis of clams Ruditapes philippinarum and Ruditapes decussatus following bacterial infection yields molecular insights into pathogen resistance and immunity. Dev Comp Immunol 2012; 36:140-9. [PMID: 21756933 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2011.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2011] [Revised: 06/24/2011] [Accepted: 06/25/2011] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The carpet shell clam (Ruditapes decussatus) and Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum), which are cultured bivalve species with important commercial value, are affected by diseases that result in large economic losses. Because the molecular mechanism of the immune response of bivalves, especially clams, is scarce and fragmentary, we have examined all Expressed Sequence Tags (EST) resources available in public databases for these two species in order to increase our knowledge on genes related with the immune function in these animals. After automatic annotation and classification of the 3784 not-annotated ESTs of R. decussatus and 4607 of R. philippinarum found in GenBank, 424 ESTs of R. decussatus and 464 of R. philippinarum were found to be putatively involved in immune response. These were carefully reviewed and reannotated. As a result, 13 immune-related ESTs were selected and studied to compare the immune response of R. decussatus and R. philippinarum following a Vibrio alginolyticus challenge. Quantitative PCR was performed, and the expression of each EST was determined. The results showed that, in R. philippinarum, the immune response seems to be faster than that in R. decussatus. Additionally, expression of NF-κB activating genes in R. decussatus did not seem to be sufficient to promote an immune response after Vibrio infection. R. philippinarum, however, was able to trigger and efficiently regulate the transcriptional activity of NF-κB, even when low expression values were reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Moreira
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
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Alonso-Gutiérrez J, Teramoto M, Yamazoe A, Harayama S, Figueras A, Novoa B. Alkane-degrading properties of Dietzia sp. H0B, a key player in the Prestige oil spill biodegradation (NW Spain). J Appl Microbiol 2011; 111:800-10. [PMID: 21767337 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2011.05104.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Investigation of the alkane-degrading properties of Dietzia sp. H0B, one of the isolated Corynebacterineae strains that became dominant after the Prestige oil spill. METHODS AND RESULTS Using molecular and chemical analyses, the alkane-degrading properties of strain Dietzia sp. H0B were analysed. This Grampositive isolate was able to grow on n-alkanes ranging from C₁₂ to C₃₈ and branched alkanes (pristane and phytane). 8-Hexadecene was detected as an intermediate of hexadecane degradation by Dietzia H0B, suggesting a novel alkane-degrading pathway in this strain. Three putative alkane hydroxylase genes (one alkB homologue and two CYP153 gene homologues of cytochrome P450 family) were PCR-amplified from Dietzia H0B and differed from previously known hydroxylase genes, which might be related to the novel degrading activity observed on Dietzia H0B. The alkane degradation activity and the alkB and CYP153 gene expression were observed constitutively regardless of the presence of the substrate, suggesting additional, novel pathways for alkane degradation. CONCLUSIONS The results from this study suggest novel alkane-degrading pathways in Dietzia H0B and a genetic background coding for two different putative oil-degrading enzymes, which is mostly unexplored and worth to be subject of further functional analysis. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study increases the scarce information available about the genetic background of alkane degradation in genus Dietzia and suggests new pathways and novel expression mechanisms of alkane degradation.
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Novoa B, Mackenzie S, Figueras A. Inflammation and innate immune response against viral infections in marine fish. Curr Pharm Des 2011; 16:4175-84. [PMID: 21184664 DOI: 10.2174/138161210794519156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2010] [Accepted: 12/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Viral infections in fish are common in both natural and cultured fish populations and the spread of infectious disease is a serious threat to both natural ecosystems and commercial exploitations. A significant body of studies have addressed the host response to viral infection including the efficacy of DNA vaccines however we still have a fragmented vision of both pathologies associated with viral infection and the immune response to those across fish species. Many studies have concentrated upon freshwater fish including the zebrafish (Danio rerio) and the Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) whereas the majority of marine fish studies address the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Here we provide a comprehensive review concentrating upon the salient pathological features of the most common viral infections including examples of the Betanodaviruses, Birnaviruses, Rhabdoviruses and the Isavirus in cultured fish with emphasis where possible upon non-salmonid cold water adapted marine species. In parallel we review the current state of the art mainly in reference to gene expression studies describing the host innate immune response concentrating upon the inflammatory response and its relationship toward anti-viral immunity in fish. Due to the complexity of the observed responses and the limitations of candidate gene expression studies to describe global biological processes, recent efforts in the use of microarray analysis for the study of the anti-viral response have been highlighted including members of the Pleuronectiform and the Perciform families. Finally we review the potential of the zebrafish to become a significant biological model in the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms underlying the piscine immune response to viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Novoa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, CSIC. Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
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Cuesta A, Dios S, Figueras A, Novoa B, Esteban M, Meseguer J, Tafalla C. Identification of six novel CC chemokines in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) implicated in the antiviral immune response. Mol Immunol 2010; 47:1235-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2009.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2009] [Revised: 12/22/2009] [Accepted: 12/23/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Montes A, Figueras A, Novoa B. Nodavirus encephalopathy in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus): inflammation, nitric oxide production and effect of anti-inflammatory compounds. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2010; 28:281-8. [PMID: 19913100 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2009.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2009] [Revised: 10/28/2009] [Accepted: 11/02/2009] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Nodaviruses are the etiological agents of one of the most serious viral diseases affecting marine fish aquaculture. Nodavirus infection produces an abnormal swimming behaviour and causes encephalopathy and retinopathy associated to important mortalities. The expression of TNF-alpha, IRF-1 and Mx was increased in turbot after nodavirus infection. A significant increase in the production of nitrogen radicals was also observed in experimentally infected turbot. Several anti-inflammatory compounds (the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine, cortisone, dexamethasone, prednisolone and aminoguanidine) were assayed to determine the role of inflammation on nodavirus infection. Cortisone and aminoguanidine were able to accelerate the mortality onset associated to nodavirus infection, modulating the gene expression of TNF-alpha and, in addition, modifying the arrival time of nodavirus to the brain. These results suggest the importance of early inflammatory processes to overcome the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Montes
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
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Llop J, Padullés A, Figueras A, Cobo S, Badía MB, Jódar R. [Standard parenteral nutrition preparations and caloric adjustment]. NUTR HOSP 2009; 24:574-579. [PMID: 19893868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2008] [Accepted: 01/12/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In parenteral nutrition it is necessary to adjust the intake to the estimated caloric requirements. These needs may be achieved by the use of bi- or tricameral nutrition (EPN), although they present some rigidity regarding their composition. OBJECTIVE To assess the adequacy of caloric intake using EPN, to determine the factors conditioning it and the associated complications. METHODS Cohort, prospective, and observational study for 9 months in surgical patients. The calculated needs were compared with actual intake. The factors conditioning the excess and deficit (weight, age, stress factor, height, glycemia, and triglyceridemia) were studied by means of a multivariant method. The metabolic complications associated to the excess or deficit (hyperglycemias, hypertriglyceridemias) were studied by using the Student's t test. The theoretical calculations with the Harris-Benedict and the Mifflin equations were compared by lineal correlation regression. RESULTS 94 patients were studied. In 87% of them, the caloric intake was within the +/- 15% range of the theoretical mean. Thirty patients had caloric excess, whereas 61 had deficit. Patients with high weight (> 68 kg), stress factor > 1.2, and hypertriglyceridemias (> 3 mmol/L) had higher risk for caloric deficit. Twenty two point eight percent had hyperglycemias that were correlated with caloric excess. Nineteen point eight percent had hypertriglyceridemias associated to caloric deficit. When comparing both formulas, the values correlated well except for those patients with low weight and advanced age. DISCUSSION Although EPN fits the caloric requirements in most of the patients, in those with high weight, hypercatabolism, and hypertriglyceridemia there is a risk for caloric deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Llop
- Servicio de Farmacia, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, España
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Costa MM, Prado-Alvarez M, Gestal C, Li H, Roch P, Novoa B, Figueras A. Functional and molecular immune response of Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) haemocytes against pathogen-associated molecular patterns and bacteria. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2009; 26:515-523. [PMID: 19340955 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2009.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The effect of live bacteria (Micrococcus lysodeikticus and Vibrio anguillarum), and PAMPs (poly I:C, zymosan, LPS, LTA and CpG) on the production of intermediate toxic radicals (respiratory burst activity and production of nitric oxide) and mytilin B, myticin C and lysozyme gene expression was studied in vivo and in vitro. In vitro, bacteria were able to modulate the haemocytes' respiratory burst activity, being significantly increased after 6 h of incubation. The effect of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) was also studied. Zymosan produced an increase of the PMA-mediated response but an inhibition of the zymosan-mediated response. A significant increase of nitric oxide production was found at all the sampled time points (1, 3 and 6 h) in comparison with controls on both, the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The in vivo responses measured on haemocytes after M. lysodeikticus injection were faster than those induced by V. anguillarum. However, V. anguillarum induced stronger in vitro effects. Mytilin B, myticin C and lysozyme in vitro gene expression, occurred at short times after infection. The maximum in vitro expression was detected 3 h post-infection. The differences between M. lysodeikticus and V. anguillarum in different measured parameters may suggest that different signalling pathways might be involved. Moreover, among all assayed PAMPs, LPS elicited the highest response.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Costa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, Vigo, Spain
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Costa MM, Dios S, Alonso-Gutierrez J, Romero A, Novoa B, Figueras A. Evidence of high individual diversity on myticin C in mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis). Dev Comp Immunol 2009; 33:162-170. [PMID: 18789353 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2008.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2008] [Revised: 07/30/2008] [Accepted: 08/08/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Several antimicrobial peptides (AMP) have been described in Mytilus galloprovincialis. However, only in myticin C a high variability on the nucleotide sequence was detected. To determine the individual variability of this AMP, the myticin C present in more than 100 mussels was analyzed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). This technique helped us to describe a very high myticin C diversity as compared with a non-immune related gene such as the beta-actin. Moreover, each mussel showed a specific and exclusive myticin C band pattern. Our results showed that the individual sequences of myticin C are unique for each mussel, independently of their geographic origin, age, sex, gonad maturation stage or aggregate where they group together on the wild. Only the animals belonging to the same family shared myticin C sequences. The comparative analysis of genomic DNA and cDNA sequences from the same individual showed that all detected variants shared a very high homology with the more frequent genomic isoforms, suggesting that all the variations were generated from the more common sequences, through a mechanism not yet determined. The fact that myticin C possesses characteristics of an immune gene, its potential antimicrobial effects, molecular diversity, as well as its early and ubiquitous expression, led us to suggest that myticin C might play an important role in innate immune defense in mussels.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Costa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Vigo, Spain
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Novoa B, Bowman TV, Zon L, Figueras A. LPS response and tolerance in the zebrafish (Danio rerio). Fish Shellfish Immunol 2009; 26:326-31. [PMID: 19110060 PMCID: PMC2748242 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2008.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2008] [Revised: 12/04/2008] [Accepted: 12/09/2008] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Zebrafish (Danio rerio) has been used in the present work to study the fish response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure and LPS tolerance. These mechanisms are not completely understood in mammals and, presently, are totally unknown in fish. Zebrafish larval survival was assessed following treatment with various types of LPS at a variety of concentrations to determine the sensitivity of zebrafish to LPS-induced immune activation. In addition, fish pretreated with a sublethal concentration of LPS did not die after exposure to a lethal concentration of LPS demonstrating, for the first time that LPS tolerance also happens in fish. The time interval between pretreatment and secondary exposure as well as the type of pretreatment dictated the strength of protection. Since zebrafish are in intimate contact with microorganisms, the high resistance of fish to LPS suggests that there must be a tight control of the LPS receptor cluster in order to avoid an excess of inflammation. One of these components is CXCR4, which has previously been shown to regulate the signal transduced by TLR4. Treating fish with AMD3100, a specific inhibitor of CXCR4, increased LPS treatment associated mortality. Blocking CXCR4 via chemical or genetic inhibition resulted in a reversion of LPS tolerance, thus further supporting the negative regulatory role of CXCR4 in this inflammatory response. In support of an inhibitory role for CXCR4 in the inflammatory cascade, IL-1 transcript levels were elevated in both unstimulated and LPS stimulated zebrafish Odysseus (CXCR4 deficient mutant) larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Novoa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208-Vigo, Spain
| | - TV. Bowman
- Children’s Hospital, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Karp Family Research Laboratories, 7th Floor, Room 7211, One Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115
| | - L. Zon
- Children’s Hospital, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Karp Family Research Laboratories, 7th Floor, Room 7211, One Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115
| | - A Figueras
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208-Vigo, Spain
- Corresponding Author. Contact: Antonio Figueras, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas.CSIC. Eduardo Cabello, 6 36208 Vigo, Spain, Tel: 34 986 214462, Fax: 34 986 295762, E mail:
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Prado-Alvarez M, Rotllant J, Gestal C, Novoa B, Figueras A. Characterization of a C3 and a factor B-like in the carpet-shell clam, Ruditapes decussatus. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2009; 26:305-315. [PMID: 19073265 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2008.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2008] [Revised: 11/18/2008] [Accepted: 11/20/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The alternative pathway is considered to be the most ancient route for activation of the complement system. Herein, we report the characterization of C3 and factor B-like proteins in the clam Ruditapes decussatus, termed Rd-C3 and Rd-Bf-like. The Rd-C3 is a three-chain protein, similar to other protoC3 proteins, and the Rd-Bf-like is composed of two complement control protein modules (CCP domains) that differ from other described Bf proteins. The inoculation of clams with live bacteria did not result in induction of these functions, but inhibited the expression of Rd-C3 and Rd-Bf-like.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Prado-Alvarez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, CSIC, C/Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
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Prado-Alvarez M, Gestal C, Novoa B, Figueras A. Differentially expressed genes of the carpet shell clam Ruditapes decussatus against Perkinsus olseni. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2009; 26:72-83. [PMID: 19028428 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2008.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2007] [Revised: 02/22/2008] [Accepted: 03/01/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Suppression-Subtractive Hybridization (SSH) was used to identify differentially expressed Ruditapes decussatus genes against the protozoan Perkinsus olseni infection. A forward and a reverse subtraction were carried out to identify up- and down-regulated genes in both haemocytes and gills of clams naturally infected with P. olseni. New genes, candidates for further investigation into the functional basis of resistance to pathogens, have been detected for the first time in the clam (R. decussatus). A total of 305 differentially expressed sequences were obtained, 221 of them in haemocytes and 84 in gills of infected clams. The number of ESTs with potential similarity with known genes was 97, 42 among them were related with immunity and stress related functions. The pattern of expression of the immune selected genes was studied by quantitative PCR with samples of naturally Perkinsus infected clams and compared with samples from an in vitro infection of clam haemocytes with Perkinsus zoospores. The maximum expression was found 1h post infection. The complete open reading frames of selected sequences (Rd adiponectin-C1q and Rd DAD-1) were determined. Our results provide new insights into the molecular basis of host-pathogen interactions in R. decussatus.
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Dios S, Novoa B, Buonocore F, Scapigliati G, Figueras A. Genomic Resources for Immunology and Disease of Salmonid and Non-Salmonid Fish. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/10641260802325484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Rodríguez I, Novoa B, Figueras A. Immune response of zebrafish (Danio rerio) against a newly isolated bacterial pathogen Aeromonas hydrophila. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2008; 25:239-249. [PMID: 18640853 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2008.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2008] [Revised: 05/07/2008] [Accepted: 05/11/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A strain of Aeromonas hydrophila associated with unusual mortalities in zebrafish (Danio rerio) culture facilities was isolated, identified and characterized. In challenge experiments, adult zebrafish were susceptible to infection by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection with viable bacteria and its extracellular products (ECPs) reaching very high mortalities in a few hours. The infection, by the viable bacteria or the ECPs, caused cell death in kidney, due to the cytotoxic and haemolytic activities of the bacterial ECPs. Moreover, the infection affected the release of oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (NO) reactive free radicals. To determine if this A. hydrophila infection induces an inflammatory response, mRNA expression levels of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), interferon-gamma (IFNgamma) and inducible nitric oxide (iNOS) were assessed by real time PCR. The expression levels of TNFalpha, IL-1beta and IFNgamma were upregulated in the kidneys of infected zebrafish with viable bacteria, heat-killed bacteria and ECPs. Expression levels of iNOS were upregulated by ECPs. Mortality rate (LD(50)) and histopathology were also determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Rodríguez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Vigo, Spain
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Mar Costa M, Novoa B, Figueras A. Influence of beta-glucans on the immune responses of carpet shell clam (Ruditapes decussatus) and Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis). Fish Shellfish Immunol 2008; 24:498-505. [PMID: 18329901 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2007.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2007] [Revised: 09/06/2007] [Accepted: 10/05/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The effects of beta-glucans on several immune functions of carpet shell clam (Ruditapes decussatus) and Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) hemocytes were determined. Nitric oxide (NO) production increased significantly in beta-glucan treated mussels and clams. In mussels, beta-glucans increased by themselves the release of free oxygen radicals and also were able to enhance the phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) mediated effect on this hemocyte activity. However, high doses of beta-glucans when combined with zymosan decreased this respiratory burst. In clams, hemolymph treated with several doses of beta-glucans limited the growth of the three bacteria, Vibrio algynolyticus (strain TA15), Vibrio splendidus (strain TA2) and Escherichia coli (strain ATCC 13706). This modulation on the antibacterial activity, however, was not observed when mussel hemolymph was incubated with beta-glucans. These results suggest that the immune responses of these animals can be up and down modulated by external stimuli and, although clams and mussels are both relatively closely related species, their behaviour concerning immune responses can be different.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mar Costa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
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Poisa-Beiro L, Dios S, Montes A, Aranguren R, Figueras A, Novoa B. Nodavirus increases the expression of Mx and inflammatory cytokines in fish brain. Mol Immunol 2008; 45:218-25. [PMID: 17543386 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2007.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2007] [Accepted: 04/12/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Nodavirus has become a serious pathogen for a wide range of cultured marine fish species. In the present work, the expression of genes related to immune and inflammatory responses of sea bream (Sparus aurata L.), considered as non susceptible species, was studied both in vitro and in vivo. No replication of the virus was observed in head kidney macrophages and blood leukocytes. Moreover, the enhancement of expression of several immune genes (tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), interleukin-1-beta (IL-1beta), interferon-induced Mx protein) was not detected in both head kidney macrophages and blood leucocytes in response to an in vitro infection with nodavirus. However, in vivo, nodavirus was detected 1 day post-infection (p.i.) by a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in blood, liver, head kidney and brain of experimentally infected sea bream, while its presence clearly decreased in blood after 3 days p.i. Also, a transitory increment of the expression of TNFalpha and IL-1beta was detected in the brain of intramuscular (i.m.) infected sea bream 3 days p.i. In head kidney, the over expression of TNFalpha was only observed 1 day p.i. The expression of Mx, an interferon induced gene, was increased in brain and head kidney of infected sea bream, reaching values of 1300-fold compared to controls in brain three days post-infection. For comparative purposes, we analyzed the expression of the same genes on a susceptible species, such as sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and, although the same pattern of expression was observed both in brain and kidney, the magnitude was different mainly in the case of brain, the key organ of the infection, where higher expression of TNFalpha and lower expression of Mx compared with control was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Poisa-Beiro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208-Vigo, Spain
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Dios S, Poisa-Beiro L, Figueras A, Novoa B. Suppression subtraction hybridization (SSH) and macroarray techniques reveal differential gene expression profiles in brain of sea bream infected with nodavirus. Mol Immunol 2007; 44:2195-204. [PMID: 17188359 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2006.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2006] [Accepted: 11/12/2006] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Despite of the impact that viruses have on aquatic organisms, relatively little is known on how fish fight against these infections. In this work, the brain gene expression pattern of sea bream (Sparus aurata) in response to nodavirus infection was investigated. We used the suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) method to generate a subtracted cDNA library enriched with gene transcripts differentially expressed after 1 day post-infection. Some of the ESTs from the infected tissues fell in gene categories related to stress and immune responses. For the reverse library (ESTs expressed in controls compared with infected tissues) the most abundant transcripts were of ribosomal and mitochondrial nature. Several ESTs potentially induced by virus exposure were selected for in vivo expression studies. We observed a clear difference in expression between infected and control samples for two candidate genes, ubiquitin conjugating enzyme 7 interacting protein, which seems to play an important role in apoptosis and the interferon induced protein with helicase C domain 1 (mda-5) that contributes to apoptosis and regulates the type I IFN production, a key molecule of the antiviral innate response in most organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dios
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6, Vigo 36208, Spain
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Ordás MC, Albaigés J, Bayona JM, Ordás A, Figueras A. Assessment of in vivo effects of the prestige fuel oil spill on the mediterranean mussel immune system. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 2007; 52:200-6. [PMID: 17180482 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-006-0058-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2006] [Accepted: 06/26/2006] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
A laboratory experiment was carried out to study immune function alteration of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis when exposed to the Prestige oil spilled in November 2002 on the northwestern Spanish coast. Mussels were maintained for 4 months in tanks with flowing seawater and with 1, 2, and 0 kg (controls) Prestige fuel oil. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations, which were determined in gills and digestive glands, were higher in digestive glands. The methylphenantrene and dibenzothiophene profiles confirmed the real exposure of mussels to the fuel oil. Immune data analysis revealed that no differences between fuel-treated and control animals were found in the cellular immune parameters measured (hemocyte viability, phagocytic activity, nitric oxide production, and chemiluminescence emission). In addition, histologic observations did not reveal tissue lesions in any of the samples, probably because of the short time of fuel-oil exposure. In contrast, significant differences were found in serum protein concentration and lysozyme activity between the fuel-treated mussels and controls. However, these humoral immune parameters were dependant on numerous environmental and physiologic factors, so it was difficult to ascertain the real effect of the fuel oil on their variability. Because hemocytes are the primary line of defense of bivalve mollusks, the results obtained in the present study suggest that the mussel immune system was not significantly affected by exposure to the Prestige fuel oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Ordás
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
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Ordás MC, Costa MM, Roca FJ, López-Castejón G, Mulero V, Meseguer J, Figueras A, Novoa B. Turbot TNFα gene: Molecular characterization and biological activity of the recombinant protein. Mol Immunol 2007; 44:389-400. [PMID: 16616958 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2006.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2005] [Accepted: 02/27/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily is composed by several proteins with similar structure and functions. One of the main representatives of this family is TNF-alpha (TNFalpha), a proinflammatory cytokine which is produced by different immune cells and presents a wide variety of activities. Using the RACE technique, we have cloned and sequenced the turbot TNF cDNA. The analysis of its sequence showed several conserved motifs characteristic of members of the TNFalpha family. A phylogenetic tree constructed with different TNFs of fish and mammals grouped our sequence within the fish TNFalpha cluster. Therefore, the turbot TNF here studied was identified as TNFalpha. The complete TNFalpha gene was obtained by gene walking, and, similarly to the other known fish TNFalpha genes, presented three introns and four exons. A PCR was designed to study the turbot TNFalpha expression in vivo using as stimulus the bacteria Vibrio pelagius strain Hq222 and virus VHSV. The expression of the cytokine happened early after injection, and it was dependent on the pathogen injected and organ analyzed. Virus induced a higher TNFalpha expression, but this response was shorter in time than that induced by bacteria. In addition, TNFalpha expression was in general higher in kidney than in liver, as expected since the former is the haematopoietic organ of fish. The turbot recombinant TNFalpha (rTNFalpha) was obtained by IPTG induction of bacteria transformed with the pET15b-TNFalpha construct, and it was purified in native conditions. The recombinant protein was approximately 20 kDa in size, and its biological activity was assessed in vitro. No effect of the rTNFalpha neither alone nor in combination with LPS was observed on the chemiluminescence activity of turbot macrophages at any time tested. However, NO production was enhanced by the recombinant protein alone or with LPS 72 h after the addition of the treatments. Finally, turbot rTNFalpha was able to recruit and activate inflammatory cells when injected in gilthead seabream, although to a lesser extent than gilthead seabream rTNFalpha.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Ordás
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
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Figueras A, del Valle JM, Valdés JC. Consumption costs of inappropriate medicines estimated from bulk purchase data: the example of NSAIDs in Guatemala. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 2006; 44:566-71. [PMID: 17176623 DOI: 10.5414/cpp44566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In contexts where access to medicines is limited or troublesome, it may be important to identify the cases in which there exists access to medicines, but where this access is "inefficient" because it results in non-healing, avoidable toxicity or excessive cost in conditions of similar efficacy. Despite obvious limitations, bulk medicines purchase data of public institutions used to be the only available approximation on what is consumed in some countries. The aim of this study was to describe the results of a qualitative analysis of bulk consumption data, focusing on nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as an example. METHOD The list of all drugs purchased by the Health Ministry of Guatemala in 2004 was quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed both according to the number of units and value. All NSAIDs bought during that period were analyzed in order to find potential intervention areas which could be addressed to improve drug selection. RESULTS The studied list included 693 products with a value of 102 million US dollars. Among the top-20 purchased medicines by defined daily doses (DDDs) were several NSAIDs (including aceclofenac, meloxicam and piroxicam). Ranitidine, ciprofibrate and dimethicone were also among these top-20 drugs. In addition, aceclofenac was among the top-20 drugs according to value. The cost of "second-line" NSAIDs was several times higher than the "first-line" diclofenac or ibuprofen. Providing equal efficacy and similar toxicity exists, a theoretical switch from second- to first-line NSAIDs could save up to 2,377 million US dollars/year. CONCLUSIONS Although it is an old and well-known method, the analysis of bulk consumption data continues to provide information that may help to identify areas of potential improvement in settings without many resources. In the present theoretical example, educative interventions addressed to rational selection of NSAIDs could save more than 2% of the annual drug expenditure of the country. Co-ordinated actions addressed to other drugs could decrease inefficient drug expenditure and improve the quality of health-care.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Figueras
- Fundació Institut Català de Farmacologia, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain.
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Laquente B, Lacasa C, Morell M, Casanovas O, Figueras A, Galán M, Viñals F, Capella G, Germá J. Antitumoral effect of gemcitabine metronomic schedule in a xenograft pancreatic model. J Clin Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.12031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
12031 Background: Human tumor xenografts in mice can be remarkably predictive of response in humans to cytotoxic chemotherapeutic drugs. Tumor endothelial cells are sensitive to the action of conventional cytotoxic drugs when they are regularly administrated at low doses. This concept, known as metronomic chemotherapy, has been demonstrated in preclinical studies using transplanted tumor models. We aim to investigate the potential anti-tumoral activity of Gemcitabine (G) when administered in a low-dose schedule in an ortothopic implantation model of human pancreatic carcinomas. Methods: Standard gemcitabine schedule: NP18 tumor orthotopically implanted nude mices were randomly distributed to experimental (n = 13, G100 mg/kg intraperitoneally on days 0, 3, 6 and 9 post-implantation) and control group (n = 13, saline). Animal were sacrificed after 4 weeks and we compared weigths (grams) and volume (cm3) of tumors betwen the two groups by the Mann-Whitney U test. Metronomic schedule: After a toxicological study an optimal metronomic dose of 1 mg G /kg per day was chosen. Thirty xenografted mices were randomly distributed to experimental group (n = 15, intraperitoneal G1 mg/kg) and control group (n = 15, saline) and treated for 30 days. Animal were analysed as described before. Results: Standard schedule: Tumor weight mean of treatment group was 0.01 grams ± 0.01 versus 0.54 grams ± 0.48 of the control group. Tumor volume mean in G group was 0.01 cm 3 ± 0.01 versus 0.51 cm 3 ± 0.67) in the control group.Treatment significantly inhibited NP18 tumour growth (p < 0.001). No differences in mice weight were observed between both groups. Metronomic schedule: Tumor weight mean in the treatment group was 0.04 grams ± 0.08 versus 0.53 grams ± 0.46 in control group. Tumor volume mean in G group was 011 cm 3 ± 0.19 versus 0.37 cm 3. Treatment with low-dose of G significantly inhibited NP18 tumour growth (p < 0.003). There were no differences in mice weight between the two groups. Conclusions: Our data show that G administered in a metronomic schedule is effective in inhibiting the growth of NP18 tumor orthotopically implanted in the nude mice. We now aim to study the angiogenic profile of tumors receiving the standard and metronomic schedule and to set up a new experiment to compare survival benefit in the animal model. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Laquente
- Catalan Institute of Oncologia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C. Lacasa
- Catalan Institute of Oncologia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Morell
- Catalan Institute of Oncologia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - O. Casanovas
- Catalan Institute of Oncologia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A. Figueras
- Catalan Institute of Oncologia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Galán
- Catalan Institute of Oncologia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F. Viñals
- Catalan Institute of Oncologia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - G. Capella
- Catalan Institute of Oncologia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J. Germá
- Catalan Institute of Oncologia, Barcelona, Spain
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Abollo E, Ordás C, Dios S, Figueras A, Novoa B. Molecular characterisation of a turbot Mx cDNA. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2005; 19:185-190. [PMID: 15752657 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2004.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2004] [Revised: 11/11/2004] [Accepted: 11/24/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E Abollo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, Vigo 36208, Spain
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