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Sehgal D, Rathan ND, Özdemir F, Keser M, Akin B, Dababat AA, Koc E, Dreisigacker S, Morgounov A. Genomic wide association study and selective sweep analysis identify genes associated with improved yield under drought in Turkish winter wheat germplasm. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8431. [PMID: 38600135 PMCID: PMC11006659 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57469-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
A panel comprising of 84 Turkish winter wheat landraces (LR) and 73 modern varieties (MV) was analyzed with genome wide association study (GWAS) to identify genes/genomic regions associated with increased yield under favorable and drought conditions. In addition, selective sweep analysis was conducted to detect signatures of selection in the winter wheat genome driving the differentiation between LR and MV, to gather an understanding of genomic regions linked to adaptation and yield improvement. The panel was genotyped with 25 K wheat SNP array and phenotyped for agronomic traits for two growing seasons (2018 and 2019) in Konya, Turkey. Year 2018 was treated as drought environment due to very low precipitation prior to heading whereas year 2019 was considered as a favorable season. GWAS conducted with SNPs and haplotype blocks using mixed linear model identified 18 genomic regions in the vicinities of known genes i.e., TaERF3-3A, TaERF3-3B, DEP1-5A, FRIZZY PANICLE-2D, TaSnRK23-1A, TaAGL6-A, TaARF12-2A, TaARF12-2B, WAPO1, TaSPL16-7D, TaTGW6-A1, KAT-2B, TaOGT1, TaSPL21-6B, TaSBEIb, trs1/WFZP-A, TaCwi-A1-2A and TaPIN1-7A associated with grain yield (GY) and yield related traits. Haplotype-based GWAS identified five haplotype blocks (H1A-42, H2A-71, H4A-48, H7B-123 and H7B-124), with the favorable haplotypes showing a yield increase of > 700 kg/ha in the drought season. SNP-based GWAS, detected only one larger effect genomic region on chromosome 7B, in common with haplotype-based GWAS. On an average, the percentage variation (PV) explained by haplotypes was 8.0% higher than PV explained by SNPs for all the investigated traits. Selective sweep analysis detected 39 signatures of selection between LR and MV of which 15 were within proximity of known functional genes controlling flowering (PRR-A1, PPR-D1, TaHd1-6B), GY and GY components (TaSus2-2B, TaGS2-B1, AG1-1A/WAG1-1A, DUO-A1, DUO-B1, AG2-3A/WAG2-3A, TaLAX1, TaSnRK210-4A, FBP, TaLAX1, TaPIL1 and AP3-1-7A/WPA3-7A) and 10 regions underlying various transcription factors and regulatory genes. The study outcomes contribute to utilization of LR in breeding winter wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepmala Sehgal
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Km. 45, Carretera Mex-Veracruz, El Batan, CP 56237, Veracruz, Mexico.
- Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire, RG42 6EY, UK.
| | | | - Fatih Özdemir
- Bahri Dagdas International Agricultural Research Institute, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mesut Keser
- International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas (ICARDA), Ankara, Turkey
| | - Beyhan Akin
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Emrah Koc
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Ankara, Turkey
| | - Susanne Dreisigacker
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Km. 45, Carretera Mex-Veracruz, El Batan, CP 56237, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Alexey Morgounov
- Scientific Production Center of Grain, Shortandy, Astana reg., 010000, Kazakhstan.
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Bozbuga R, Yildiz S, Yuksel E, Özer G, Dababat AA, İmren M. Nematode-citrus plant interactions: host preference, damage rate and molecular characterization of Citrus root nematode Tylenchulus semipenetrans. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2023; 25:871-879. [PMID: 37585261 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Citrus plants are host to several plant parasitic nematodes (PPNs), which are microscopic organisms. Among PPNs, the citrus root nematode, T. semipenetrans (Cobb 1913) (Tylenchida: Tylenchulidae), causes significant damage to citrus plantations worldwide. Understanding citrus nematode populations, precise identification, host preference among citrus species, and damage threshold are crucial to control T. semipenetrans. The minutiae of citrus plant-nematode interactions, nematode density and molecular nematode identification are not well understood. In this study, nematode species and density in citrus orchards, host specialization, molecular and morphological characteristics of nematodes were assessed. Molecular and morphological methods, host-nematode interactions, host (citrus species) preference, damage economic threshold (ET), and economic injury level (EIL) were determined using laboratory methods and field sampling. Citrus plantations in different provinces in the Mediterranean region of Turkey were investigated. Nematode species were identified molecularly and morphologically. ITS sequences revealed that samples were infected by citrus root nematode T. semipenetrans. The lowest nematode density was in C. reticulata in Mersin (53 2nd stage juveniles (J2s) 100 g-1 soil), while the highest density was from Hatay in C. sinensis (12173 J2s 100 g-1 soil). Highest citrus nematode population density was on roots of C. reticulata, followed by C. sinensis, C. limon, and C. paradisi. The citrus nematode is more common than was thought and population fluctuations change according to specific citrus species. Environmental conditions, host and ecological factors, such as temperature, soil pH, and soil nutrients, might influence nematode populations in citrus orchards. Investigating nematode density in diverse soil ecologies and the responses of different resistant/tolerant citrus species and cultivars to nematode populations is essential in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bozbuga
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - S Yildiz
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University, Bishkek, Kyrgystan
| | - E Yuksel
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - G Özer
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - A A Dababat
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Ankara, Turkey
| | - M İmren
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
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Yüksel E, Yıldırım A, İmren M, Canhilal R, Dababat AA. Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus Bacteria as Potential Candidates for the Control of Culex pipiens L. (Diptera: Culicidae), the Principal Vector of West Nile Virus and Lymphatic Filariasis. Pathogens 2023; 12:1095. [PMID: 37764903 PMCID: PMC10537861 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12091095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Vector-borne diseases pose a severe threat to human and animal health. Culex pipiens L. (Diptera: Culicidae) is a widespread mosquito species and serves as a vector for the transmission of infectious diseases such as West Nile disease and Lymphatic Filariasis. Synthetic insecticides have been the prime control method for many years to suppress Cx. pipiens populations. However, recently, the use of insecticides has begun to be questioned due to the detrimental impact on human health and the natural environment. Therefore, many authorities urge the development of eco-friendly control methods that are nontoxic to humans. The bacterial associates [Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus spp. (Enterobacterales: Morganellaceae)] of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) (Sterinernema spp. and Heterorhabditis spp.) (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae and Steinernematidae) are one of the green approaches to combat a variety of insect pests. In the present study, the mosquitocidal activity of the cell-free supernatants and cell suspension (4 × 107 cells mL-1) of four different symbiotic bacteria (Xenorhabdus nematophila, X. bovienii, X. budapestensis, and P. luminescens subsp. kayaii) was assessed against different development stages of Cx. pipiens (The 1st/2nd and 3rd/4th instar larvae and pupa) under laboratory conditions. The bacterial symbionts were able to kill all the development stages with varying levels of mortality. The 1st/2nd instar larvae exhibited the highest susceptibility to the cell-free supernatants and cell suspensions of symbiotic bacteria and the efficacy of the cell-free supernatants and cell suspensions gradually declined with increasing phases of growth. The highest effectiveness was achieved by the X. bovienii KCS-4S strain inducing 95% mortality to the 1st/2nd instar larvae. The results indicate that tested bacterial symbionts have great potential as an eco-friendly alternative to insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebubekir Yüksel
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Kayseri Erciyes University, Kayseri 38030, Türkiye;
| | - Alparslan Yıldırım
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38280, Türkiye;
| | - Mustafa İmren
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu 14030, Türkiye;
| | - Ramazan Canhilal
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Kayseri Erciyes University, Kayseri 38030, Türkiye;
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Ashrafi S, Wennrich JP, Becker Y, Maciá-Vicente JG, Brißke-Rode A, Daub M, Thünen T, Dababat AA, Finckh MR, Stadler M, Maier W. Polydomus karssenii gen. nov. sp. nov. is a dark septate endophyte with a bifunctional lifestyle parasitising eggs of plant parasitic cyst nematodes (Heterodera spp.). IMA Fungus 2023; 14:6. [PMID: 36998098 PMCID: PMC10064538 DOI: 10.1186/s43008-023-00113-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study fungal strains were investigated, which had been isolated from eggs of the cereal cyst nematode Heterodera filipjevi, and roots of Microthlaspi perfoliatum (Brassicaceae). The morphology, the interaction with nematodes and plants and the phylogenetic relationships of these strains originating from a broad geographic range covering Western Europe to Asia Minor were studied. Phylogenetic analyses using five genomic loci including ITSrDNA, LSUrDNA, SSUrDNA, rpb2 and tef1-α were carried out. The strains were found to represent a distinct phylogenetic lineage most closely related to Equiseticola and Ophiosphaerella, and Polydomus karssenii (Phaeosphaeriaceae, Pleosporales) is introduced here as a new species representing a monotypic genus. The pathogenicity tests against nematode eggs fulfilled Koch's postulates using in vitro nematode bioassays and showed that the fungus could parasitise its original nematode host H. filipjevi as well as the sugar beet cyst nematode H. schachtii, and colonise cysts and eggs of its hosts by forming highly melanised moniliform hyphae. Light microscopic observations on fungus-root interactions in an axenic system revealed the capacity of the same fungal strain to colonise the roots of wheat and produce melanised hyphae and microsclerotia-like structure typical for dark septate endophytes. Confocal laser scanning microscopy further demonstrated that the fungus colonised the root cells by predominant intercellular growth of hyphae, and frequent formation of appressorium-like as well as penetration peg-like structures through internal cell walls surrounded by callosic papilla-like structures. Different strains of the new fungus produced a nearly identical set of secondary metabolites with various biological activities including nematicidal effects irrespective of their origin from plants or nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samad Ashrafi
- Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Julius Kühn Institute (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Messeweg 11/12, 38104, Brunswick, Germany.
- Institute for Crop and Soil Science, Julius Kühn Institute (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Bundesallee 58, 38116, Brunswick, Germany.
| | - Jan-Peer Wennrich
- Department Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124, Brunswick, Germany
- Institute of Microbiology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Spielmannstraße 7, 38106, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Yvonne Becker
- Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Julius Kühn Institute (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Messeweg 11/12, 38104, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Jose G Maciá-Vicente
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, Wageningen University and Research, PO Box 47, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anke Brißke-Rode
- Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Julius Kühn Institute (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Messeweg 11/12, 38104, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Matthias Daub
- Institute for Plant Protection in Field Crops and Grassland, Julius Kühn Institute (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Dürener Str. 71, 50189, Elsdorf, Germany
| | - Torsten Thünen
- Institute for Crop and Soil Science, Julius Kühn Institute (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Bundesallee 58, 38116, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Abdelfattah A Dababat
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Emek, P.O. Box 39, 06511, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Maria R Finckh
- Department of Ecological Plant Protection, University of Kassel, Witzenhausen, Germany
| | - Marc Stadler
- Department Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124, Brunswick, Germany
- Institute of Microbiology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Spielmannstraße 7, 38106, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Maier
- Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Julius Kühn Institute (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Messeweg 11/12, 38104, Brunswick, Germany
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Askar AG, Yüksel E, Bozbuğa R, Öcal A, Kütük H, Dinçer D, Canhilal R, Dababat AA, İmren M. Evaluation of Entomopathogenic Nematodes against Common Wireworm Species in Potato Cultivation. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12020288. [PMID: 36839560 PMCID: PMC9961910 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12020288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Wireworms (Coleoptera: Elateridae) are common insect pests that attack a wide range of economically important crops including potatoes. The control of wireworms is of prime importance in potato production due to the potential damage of the larvae to tuber quantity and quality. Chemical insecticides, the main control strategy against wireworms, generally fail to provide satisfactory control due to the lack of available chemicals and the soil-dwelling habits of the larvae. In the last decades, new eco-friendly concepts have emerged in the sustainable control of wireworms, one of which is entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs). EPNs are soil-inhabitant organisms and represent an ecological approach to controlling a great variety of soil-dwelling insect pests. In this study, the susceptibility of Agriotes sputator Linnaeus and A. rufipalpis Brullé larvae, the most common wireworm species in potato cultivation in Türkiye, to native EPN strains [Steinernema carpocapsae (Sc_BL22), S. feltiae (Sf_BL24 and Sf_KAY4), and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Hb_KAY10 and Hb_AF12)] were evaluated at two temperatures (25 and 30 °C) in pot experiments. Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Hb_AF12 was the most effective strain at 30 °C six days post-inoculation and caused 37.5% mortality to A. rufipalpis larvae. Agriotes sputator larvae were more susceptible to tested EPNs at the same exposure time, and 50% mortality was achieved by two EPNs species, Hb_AF12 and Sc_BL22. All EPN species/strains induced mortality over 70% to both wireworm species at both temperatures at 100 IJs/cm2, 18 days post-treatment. The results suggest that tested EPN species/strains have great potential in the control of A. sputator and A. rufipalpis larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arife Gümüş Askar
- Istanbul Directorate of Agricultural Quarantine, Bakırköy, 34149 Istanbul, Türkiye
- Correspondence: (A.G.A.); (E.Y.)
| | - Ebubekir Yüksel
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Kayseri Erciyes University, Melikgazi, 38030 Kayseri, Türkiye
- Correspondence: (A.G.A.); (E.Y.)
| | - Refik Bozbuğa
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Odunpazarı, 26160 Eskişehir, Türkiye
| | - Atilla Öcal
- Atatürk Horticultural Central Research Institute, Merkez, 77100 Yalova, Türkiye
| | - Halil Kütük
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Gölköy, 14030 Bolu, Türkiye
| | - Dilek Dinçer
- Biological Control Research Institute, Yüreğir, 01321 Adana, Türkiye
| | - Ramazan Canhilal
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Kayseri Erciyes University, Melikgazi, 38030 Kayseri, Türkiye
| | - Abdelfattah A. Dababat
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT) 39, Emek, 06511 Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Mustafa İmren
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Gölköy, 14030 Bolu, Türkiye
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Ali A, Umar UUD, Naqvi SAH, Shakeel MT, Tahir MN, Khan MF, Altaf MT, Ölmez F, Dababat AA, Haq ZU, Nadeem MA, Hatipoğlu R, Baloch FS, Chung YS. Molecular characterization of divergent isolates of Citrus bent leaf viroid (CBLVd) from citrus cultivars of Punjab, Pakistan. Front Genet 2023; 13:1104635. [PMID: 36712883 PMCID: PMC9878587 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1104635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Citrus viroid infection is emerging as a serious threat because of its efficient systemic movement within the host plant and its quick spread due to contaminated pruning tools. A survey was conducted to investigate the primary distribution and molecular characterization of Citrus bent leaf viroid (CBLVd) and its variants in different citrus cultivars. A total of 154 symptomatic citrus samples were collected and detected by RT‒PCR with newly designed specific primers with the incidence of 36.33%. During biological indexing study on Etrog citron, expressions of reduced leaf size, yellowing with a light green pattern, and bending were observed. Amplified products were sequenced and analyzed using a nucleotide BLAST search, which showed 98% homology with other CBLVd isolates. The results of the phylogenetic tree analysis showed the presence of two main groups (A and B), with the predominant variants of CBLVd, i.e., CVd-I-LSS (Citrus viroid Low Sequence Similarity) sequences, clustering in subgroup A1 along with newly detected CVd-I-LSS from Palestinian sweet lime (Citrus limettioides), which has been identified as a new host of CVd-I-LSS in Pakistan. Further analysis of the sequences in subgroup A1 showed that the variant of CVd-I-LSS infecting citrus cultivars had a close relationship with isolates reported from China, Japan, and Iran, which may have resulted from the exchange of planting material. This study also unveiled the variability in nucleotide sequences of CBLVd, which made it unable to be detected by old primers. The results of this study indicate that the widespread presence of divergent variants of CBLVd is a major concern for the citrus industry in Pakistan and other countries where virulent isolates of CBLVd are prevalent. These findings suggest the need for future research on effective management and quarantine measures to stop the spread of CBLVd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amjad Ali
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, BahauddinZakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan,Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Department of Plant Protection, Sivas University of Science and Technology, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Ummad ud Din Umar
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, BahauddinZakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan,*Correspondence: Ummad ud Din Umar, ; Faheem Shehzad Baloch, ; Yong Suk Chung,
| | - Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, BahauddinZakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Nouman Tahir
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Ghazi University, Dera GhaziKhan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Fahad Khan
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Ghazi University, Dera GhaziKhan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tanveer Altaf
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Department of Plant Protection, Sivas University of Science and Technology, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Fatih Ölmez
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Department of Plant Protection, Sivas University of Science and Technology, Sivas, Turkey
| | | | - Zia ul Haq
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, BahauddinZakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Azhar Nadeem
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Department of Plant Protection, Sivas University of Science and Technology, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Rüştü Hatipoğlu
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Kirsehir Ahi Evran Universitesi, Kirsehir, Turkey
| | - Faheem Shehzad Baloch
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Department of Plant Protection, Sivas University of Science and Technology, Sivas, Turkey,*Correspondence: Ummad ud Din Umar, ; Faheem Shehzad Baloch, ; Yong Suk Chung,
| | - Yong Suk Chung
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Kirsehir Ahi Evran Universitesi, Kirsehir, Turkey,*Correspondence: Ummad ud Din Umar, ; Faheem Shehzad Baloch, ; Yong Suk Chung,
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Gümüşsoy A, Yüksel E, Özer G, İmren M, Canhilal R, Amer M, Dababat AA. Identification and Biocontrol Potential of Entomopathogenic Nematodes and Their Endosymbiotic Bacteria in Apple Orchards against the Codling Moth, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Insects 2022; 13:1085. [PMID: 36554995 PMCID: PMC9786672 DOI: 10.3390/insects13121085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is one of the major pests in pome fruit production worldwide. Heavy treatment of the larvae of C. pomonella with insecticides triggered the development of resistance to many groups of insecticides. In addition, the increasing concern about the adverse effects of synthetic insecticides on human health and the environment has led to the development of sustainable and eco-friendly control practices for C. pomonella. The entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) (Steinernema and Heterorhabditis spp.) and their endosymbionts (Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus spp.) represent a newly emerging approach to controlling a wide range of insect pests. In the present study, field surveys were conducted in apple orchards to isolate and identify EPNs and their endosymbionts and evaluate their insecticidal efficacy on the larvae of C. pomonella. EPNs were isolated from 12 of 100 soil samples (12%). Seven samples were identified as Steinernema feltiae (Filipjev, 1934) (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae), whereas five samples were assigned to Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Poinar, 1976) (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae). The pathogenicity of the EPN species/isolates was screened on the last instar larvae of G. mellonella. The two most pathogenic isolates from each EPN species were tested against fifth instar larvae of C. pomonella under controlled conditions. The maximum mortality (100%) was achieved by all EPN species/isolates at a concentration of 100 IJs/larva 96 h after treatment. The endosymbionts of selected H. bacteriophora and S. feltiae species were identified as Photorhabdus luminescens subsp. kayaii and Xenorhabdus bovienii, respectively. The mortality rates ranged between 25 and 62% when the fifth larval instar larvae of C. pomonella were exposed to the treatment of cell-free supernatants of symbiotic bacteria. In essence, the present survey indicated that EPNs and their symbiotic bacteria have good potential for biological control of C. pomonella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asım Gümüşsoy
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Erciyes University, Melikgazi, 38030 Kayseri, Türkiye
| | - Ebubekir Yüksel
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Erciyes University, Melikgazi, 38030 Kayseri, Türkiye
| | - Göksel Özer
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Abant Izzet Baysal University, 14030 Bolu, Türkiye
| | - Mustafa İmren
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Abant Izzet Baysal University, 14030 Bolu, Türkiye
| | - Ramazan Canhilal
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Erciyes University, Melikgazi, 38030 Kayseri, Türkiye
| | - Mohammed Amer
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
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Zoubi B, Mokrini F, Dababat AA, Amer M, Ghoulam C, Lahlali R, Laasli SE, Khfif K, Imren M, Akachoud O, Benkebboura A, Housseini AI, Qaddoury A. Occurrence and Geographic Distribution of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes Associated with Citrus in Morocco and Their Interaction with Soil Patterns. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12050637. [PMID: 35629306 PMCID: PMC9144757 DOI: 10.3390/life12050637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) are found in citrus plantations throughout the world, but they are considered to be the most problematic pest in Morocco. Citrus fruit quality and yield have been adversely affected by PPNs. Due to data unavailability of nematodes associated with citrus, a detailed survey was conducted in the main citrus-growing regions of Morocco during 2020–2021 to assess the occurrence, distribution, and diversity of PPNs associated with rhizospheres of citrus trees. In addition, some soil properties have also been assessed for their impact on soil properties. Plant-parasitic nematode diversity was calculated using two ecological indexes, the Shannon diversity index (H′) and the Evenness index (E). The collected soil and root samples were analyzed, and eleven genera and ten species of plant-parasitic nematodes were identified. The results show that the most predominant PPN species were Tylenchulus semipenetrans (88%), Helicotylenchus spp. (75%), Pratylenchus spp. (47%), Tylenchus spp. (51%), and Xiphinema spp. (31%). The results showed that PPN distributions were correlated with soil physicochemical properties such as soil texture, pH levels, and mineral content. Based on the obtained result, it was concluded that besides the direct effects of the host plant, physicochemical factors of the soil could greatly affect PPN communities in citrus growing orchards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Btissam Zoubi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agri-Food, and Health, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30050, Morocco; (B.Z.); (A.I.H.)
- Biotechnology Unit, National Institute for Agricultural Research, INRA-Rabat, Rabat 10080, Morocco
- Center of Agrobiotechnology and Bioengineering, Research Unit Labeled CNRST, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40000, Morocco; (C.G.); (O.A.); (A.B.)
| | - Fouad Mokrini
- Biotechnology Unit, National Institute for Agricultural Research, INRA-Rabat, Rabat 10080, Morocco
- Correspondence: (F.M.); (A.A.D.); (A.Q.)
| | - Abdelfattah A. Dababat
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Ankara 06810, Turkey
- Correspondence: (F.M.); (A.A.D.); (A.Q.)
| | - Mohammed Amer
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan;
| | - Cherki Ghoulam
- Center of Agrobiotechnology and Bioengineering, Research Unit Labeled CNRST, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40000, Morocco; (C.G.); (O.A.); (A.B.)
| | - Rachid Lahlali
- Phytopathology Unit, Department of Plant Protection, Ecole Nationale d’Agriculture de Meknès, Meknes 50001, Morocco;
| | - Salah-Eddine Laasli
- Laboratory of Botany, Mycology, and Environment, Faculty of Science, Mohammed V University, Rabat 10080, Morocco;
| | - Khalid Khfif
- Research Unit on Nuclear Techniques, Environment, and Quality, National Institute for Agricultural Research, INRA-Tangier, Tangier 90010, Morocco;
| | - Mustafa Imren
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu 14030, Turkey;
| | - Oumaima Akachoud
- Center of Agrobiotechnology and Bioengineering, Research Unit Labeled CNRST, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40000, Morocco; (C.G.); (O.A.); (A.B.)
| | - Abderrazak Benkebboura
- Center of Agrobiotechnology and Bioengineering, Research Unit Labeled CNRST, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40000, Morocco; (C.G.); (O.A.); (A.B.)
| | - Abdelilah Iraqi Housseini
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agri-Food, and Health, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30050, Morocco; (B.Z.); (A.I.H.)
| | - Ahmed Qaddoury
- Center of Agrobiotechnology and Bioengineering, Research Unit Labeled CNRST, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40000, Morocco; (C.G.); (O.A.); (A.B.)
- Correspondence: (F.M.); (A.A.D.); (A.Q.)
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Özer G, Erper I, İmren M, Bozoglu T, Ozdemir F, Dababat AA. First Report of Crown Rot Caused by Fusarium algeriense on Wheat in Kyrgyzstan. Plant Dis 2022; 106:2998. [PMID: 35224989 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-01-22-0096-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium crown rot of wheat is an economically important disease that leads to significant yield and quality losses, especially in many arid and semi-arid wheat-growing areas worldwide. In June 2020, winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants exhibiting crown rot symptoms were identified in a commercial field located in the Tokbay location (43.033719°N, 74.325623°E), Chuy Province, Kyrgyzstan. The diseased plants were stunted and had brown discoloration on internodes of the stem bases and roots. Disease incidence was about 3%. A total of 10 plants were sampled at the ripening stage from the field to identify the causal agent. Symptomatic tissues were excised, surface disinfected with 1% NaOCl, rinsed three times with distilled water, and placed on one-fifth strength potato dextrose agar (PDA) followed by incubation at 23°C in the dark for 5 days. A total of 8 Fusarium isolates were recovered from tissues and purified by the hyphal tips method onto fresh PDA and Spezieller-Nährstoffarmer agar (SNA) plates (Leslie and Summerell 2006). Sequence analysis of the translation elongation factor 1α (TEF1) and the RNA polymerase II beta subunit (RPB2) genes were performed with primers EF1 and EF2 (O'Donnell et al. 1998), and 5f2 (Reeb et al. 2004) and 7cr (Liu et al. 1999), respectively. The sequences of three isolates showed 100% identities with the corresponding sequences of the strain NRRL 66652 of Fusarium algeriense Laraba & O'Donnell (TEF1: MF120515 and RPB2: MF120504), and the sequences of a representative isolate (KyrFa01) were deposited in GenBank (TEF1: OM135603 and RPB2: OM135604). On PDA, fungal colonies were initially yellowish-white but gradually turned yellowish-brown. Ellipsoidal microconidia produced in false heads on monophialides were usually aseptate (8.30 ± 1.17 μm, n = 50) and occasionally one-septate (21.89 ± 2.01 μm, n = 50). Sporodochial macroconidia were mostly 3-4 septate measuring 43.41 ± 2.83 μm (n = 50), slightly curved and formed generally on monophialides on SNA. No chlamydospores formation was detected after 15 days on SNA or PDA. Morphological characteristics described above were consistent with the morphology of F. algeriense, as reported by Laraba et al. (2017). To confirm pathogenicity, seeds of wheat cultivar Seri 82, Fusarium crown rot susceptible, were treated in 1% NaOCl for 2 min, rinsed twice, and placed in plates containing a piece of sterile filter paper saturated with water to induce germination for 3 days. Five pregerminated seeds were placed on the soil surface for each 9-cm-diameter pot, which was filled with a sterile potting mix containing peat, vermiculite, and soil (1:1:1 by v/v/v). A 1-cm-diameter mycelial plug taken from the margin of actively growing colonies (PDA) of the representative isolate KyrFa01 was contacted with each seed, and then seeds were covered with the same potting mix. The seeds in control pots were treated with sterile PDA plugs. The experiment was conducted in a growth chamber in a completely randomized design with five replicated pots at 23°C with a 12-h photoperiod. Disease assessment was made after 4 weeks of fungal inoculation. The isolate KyrFa01 induced discoloration on the crown and root tissues of inoculated plants similar to those observed in the field-grown plants, whereas no symptoms were observed on plants grown in the control pots. The pathogen was successfully reisolated from the symptomatic tissues, confirming Koch's postulates. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of crown rot caused by F. algeriense on wheat in Kyrgyzstan. Fusarium algeriense was firstly described within the Fusarium burgessii species complex by Laraba et al. (2017) as a crown rot pathogen of wheat in Algeria. The pathogen was secondly reported from wheat-growing areas in Azerbaijan (Özer et al. 2020a) and thirdly from Kyrgyzstan in this report. Özer et al. (2020b) confirmed the coexistence of this pathogen with other Fusarium species. The result warrants the need to further investigate the potential of this species in the Fusarium crown rot complex of wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Göksel Özer
- Abant Izzet Baysal Universitesi, 52942, Plant Pathology, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Agriculture and Natural Sciences, Golkoy Campus, Bolu, Turkey, 14280;
| | - Ismail Erper
- Ondokuz Mayis University, Plant Protection, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Agricultural Faculty, Plant Protection Department Kurupelit, Samsun, Turkey, 55139;
| | - Mustafa İmren
- , University of Abant Izzet Baysal Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Sciences , Department of Plant Protection, Gölköy Campus, Bolu, Turkey, 14280;
| | - Tugba Bozoglu
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu 14030, Turkey, Bolu, Turkey;
| | | | - Abdelfattah A Dababat
- CIMMYT Turkey, CIMMYT Uluslararası Buğday ve Mısır Geliştirme Merkezi, Şehit Cem Ersever Caddesi No : 9/11, Tarla Bitkileri Araştırma Enstitüsü Kampüsü içi, Ankara, Ankara, Turkey, 06170;
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El Aimani A, Houari A, Laasli SE, Mentag R, Iraqi D, Diria G, Khayi S, Lahlali R, Dababat AA, Mokrini F. Antagonistic potential of Moroccan entomopathogenic nematodes against root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne javanica on tomato under greenhouse conditions. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2915. [PMID: 35190634 PMCID: PMC8861030 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07039-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica is a devastating pest affecting tomato production worldwide. Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are considered very promising biocontrol agents that could be used to effectively manage plant-parasitic nematode. The antagonistic activity of five EPN strains isolated from different fields in Morocco was evaluated against juvenile (J2s) antagonism in soil, the number of egg masses, and the galling index of M. javanica and J2s reproduction in the root. In greenhouse experiments, Steinernema feltiae strains (EL45 and SF-MOR9), Steinernema sp. (EL30), and those of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (HB-MOR7 and EL27) were applied to the soil alongside RKN J2s. There was a significant reduction in M. javanica densities in the soil and roots by EPNs treatments when compared to the positive control. The EPNs decreased both egg masses formation and galling index by 80% compared to the positive control. The application of EPNs at a rate of 50 and 75 infective juveniles (IJs) cm-2 gave significant control of all studied nematological parameters compared to the positive control, which confirmed the importance of the doses applied. The applied dose was significantly correlated with M. javanica parameters according to polynomial regression models. The results also showed that S. feltiae strain (EL45) significantly increased plant height and root length, while H. bacteriophora strain (HB-MOR7) only enhanced root fresh weight. Therefore, both indigenous EPN strains; EL45 and SF-MOR9 have eco-friendly biological potential against M. javanica in vegetable crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali El Aimani
- Taroudant Multidisciplinary Faculty, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie, Valorisation et Envirennement, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Abdellah Houari
- Taroudant Multidisciplinary Faculty, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie, Valorisation et Envirennement, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Salah-Eddine Laasli
- Laboratory of Botany, Mycology, and Environment, Faculty of Science, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Rachid Mentag
- Biotechnology Research Unit, Laboratory of Nematology, National Institute of Agricultural Research, INRA-Morocco, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Driss Iraqi
- Biotechnology Research Unit, Laboratory of Nematology, National Institute of Agricultural Research, INRA-Morocco, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Ghizlane Diria
- Biotechnology Research Unit, Laboratory of Nematology, National Institute of Agricultural Research, INRA-Morocco, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Slimane Khayi
- Biotechnology Research Unit, Laboratory of Nematology, National Institute of Agricultural Research, INRA-Morocco, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Rachid Lahlali
- Phytopathology Unit, Department of Plant Protection, Ecole Nationale d'Agriculture de Meknes, km. 10, Route Haj Kaddour, B.P. S/40, 50001, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Abdelfattah A Dababat
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), P.K. 39, Emek, 06511, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fouad Mokrini
- Biotechnology Research Unit, Laboratory of Nematology, National Institute of Agricultural Research, INRA-Morocco, Rabat, Morocco.
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Alkan M, Bayraktar H, İmren M, Özdemir F, Lahlali R, Mokrini F, Paulitz T, Dababat AA, Özer G. Monitoring of Host Suitability and Defense-Related Genes in Wheat to Bipolaris sorokiniana. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8020149. [PMID: 35205903 PMCID: PMC8877012 DOI: 10.3390/jof8020149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Spot blotch caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana is a destructive disease of wheat worldwide. This study investigated the aggressiveness of B. sorokiniana isolates from different wheat-growing areas of Bolu province in Turkey on the cultivar Seri-82. Host susceptibility of 55 wheat cultivars was evaluated against the most aggressive isolate. Our results indicated that the cultivars Anafarta and Koç-2015 were the most resistant. A specific and sensitive qPCR assay was developed for detecting the pathogen in plant tissues and evaluating wheat plants with different resistance levels. Three primer sets, BsGAPDHF/BsGAPDHR, BsITSF/BsITSR, and BsSSUF/BsSSUR, were designed based on glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, internal transcribed spacers, and 18S rRNA loci of B. sorokiniana with detection limits of 1, 0.1, and 0.1 pg of pathogen DNA, respectively. The qPCR assay was highly sensitive and did not amplify DNA from the other closely related fungal species and host plants. The protocol differentiated wheat plants with varying degrees of resistance. The assay developed a useful tool for the quantification of the pathogen in the early stages of infection and may provide a significant contribution to a more efficient selection of wheat genotypes in breeding studies. In the present study, expression levels of PR proteins, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase enzymes were upregulated in Anafarta (resistant) and Nenehatun (susceptible) cultivars at different post-infection time points, but more induced in the susceptible cultivar. The results showed considerable variation in the expression levels and timing of defense genes in both cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehtap Alkan
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu 14030, Turkey; (M.A.); (M.İ.)
| | - Harun Bayraktar
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ankara University, Ankara 06110, Turkey
- Correspondence: (H.B.); (A.A.D.); (G.Ö.); Tel.: +90-31-2596-1270 (H.B.); +90-53-0406-2825 (A.A.D.); +90-50-5385-8234 (G.Ö.)
| | - Mustafa İmren
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu 14030, Turkey; (M.A.); (M.İ.)
| | - Fatih Özdemir
- Bahri Dagdas International Agricultural Research Institute, Konya 42050, Turkey;
| | - Rachid Lahlali
- Phytopathology Unit, Department of Plant Protection, Ecole Nationale d’Agriculture de Meknès, BPS 40, Meknes 50001, Morocco;
| | - Fouad Mokrini
- Biotechnology Research Unit, Laboratory of Nematology, Regional Center of Agricultural Research, National Institute of Agronomic Research (INRA), Rabat 10060, Morocco;
| | - Timothy Paulitz
- Wheat Health, Genetics and Quality Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA;
| | - Abdelfattah A. Dababat
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), P.O. Box 39, Emek, Ankara 06170, Turkey
- Correspondence: (H.B.); (A.A.D.); (G.Ö.); Tel.: +90-31-2596-1270 (H.B.); +90-53-0406-2825 (A.A.D.); +90-50-5385-8234 (G.Ö.)
| | - Göksel Özer
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu 14030, Turkey; (M.A.); (M.İ.)
- Correspondence: (H.B.); (A.A.D.); (G.Ö.); Tel.: +90-31-2596-1270 (H.B.); +90-53-0406-2825 (A.A.D.); +90-50-5385-8234 (G.Ö.)
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12
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Imren M, Özer G, Paulitz TC, Morgounov A, Dababat AA. Plant-Parasitic Nematodes Associated With Wheat in Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Kazakhstan. Plant Dis 2021; 105:2299-2305. [PMID: 33754850 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-11-20-2424-sr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Kazakhstan is one of the biggest wheat producers, however, its wheat production is far below the average international wheat production standard due to biotic and abiotic stressors. Plant-parasitic nematodes are devastating for cereal production systems worldwide. A comprehensive survey was conducted in 2019 to identify plant-parasitic nematodes associated with wheat in different locations of central, eastern, and southeastern Kazakhstan. The results revealed 33 root-lesion and 27 cyst nematode populations from the 77 localities sampled. These two genera occurred in separate or in mixed populations. The root-lesion populations were identified as Pratylenchus neglectus and P. thornei while all cyst nematodes were identified as Heterodera filipjevi. The identification of nematodes was firstly performed based on morphological and morphometric features and confirmed by BLAST and phylogenetic analyses based on the internal transcribed spacer and the D2-D3 expansion located in the 28S gene of ribosomal DNA for CCN and RLN populations, respectively. Pratylenchus neglectus and P. thornei populations from Kazakhstan showed a high similarity with the American, European, and Asian populations. Heterodera filipjevi populations formed a well-supported cluster with the corresponding populations from different countries and showed a slightly intraspecific polymorphism. Kazakhstan populations of H. filipjevi may have multiple introductions in Kazakhstan due to the divergence among them. The results of this study are of great importance for breeding programs and will enable awareness for extension advisors to develop measures to control these nematodes in cereal cropping areas in Kazakhstan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Imren
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Göksel Özer
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Timothy C Paulitz
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Wheat Health, Genetics and Quality Research Unit, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6430, U.S.A
| | - Alexey Morgounov
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Emek, Ankara, Turkey
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Abstract
In June 2019, approximately 20 tillers of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were sampled at the ripening stage (Feekes scale 11) from four different fields in Almaty, Kazakhstan. Brown lesions (3-5 mm in length) were present on the roots of sampled plants, with 20% incidence. To determine the causal agent, diseased roots were surface disinfected in sodium hypochlorite solution (1%) for 3 min, rinsed triple with sterile distilled water, air-dried in a laminar flow hood, and plated onto one-fifth strength potato dextrose agar (PDA) supplemented with 50 ppm chloramphenicol. After three days, the hyphal fragments that developed from the sections were transferred to fresh PDA and incubated at 23°C with 12-h photoperiod for 7 days to obtain pure cultures. Brown pigmented fungal colonies with a constriction at the base of hyphal branches, septa near the branching point, and right-angled branching resembling Rhizoctonia solani were observed. The identification anastomosis group (AG) of a representative isolate for each field was conducted by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA with the universal primers ITS4 and ITS5 (White et al. 1990). The resulting sequences of 693 bp length were deposited in GenBank (accession nos. MW898143:MW898146). These sequences were 100% identical to the isolate 8Rs of R. solani AG2-1 (accession no. AF354063). To confirm the pathogenicity of the four isolates, the colonized wheat kernels method described by Demirci (1998) was used to inoculate a sterile potting mix containing peat, vermiculite, and soil (1:1:1 by v/v/v) into which wheat (cv. Seri) was planted. Control pots were inoculated with sterile wheat kernels using the same procedure. Wheat plants were left to grow for four weeks under controlled environmental conditions with a 23°C temperature regime. During the period that the plants remained in the glasshouse, the typical light regime was 16 h. Brown lesions were observed on the roots of plants in the inoculated pots whereas no symptoms were observed on plants grown in the control pots. R. solani was consistently reisolated from symptomatic plants, thereby confirming Koch's postulates. To our knowledge, this is the first report of R. solani AG2-1 on roots of wheat in Kazakhstan. R. solani AG2-1 isolates have been previously reported to be a weak pathogen to wheat (Roberts and Sivasithamparam 1986; Sturrock et al. 2015; Jaaffar et al. 2016; Özer et al. 2019). We suggest further studies are required to characterize the impact of R. solani AG2-1 in wheat. Considering crop rotation, the selection of non-host crops to this AG group is important to pathogen management, by reducing the amount of inoculum in the soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Göksel Özer
- Abant Izzet Baysal Universitesi, 52942, Plant Pathology, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Agriculture and Natural Sciences, Golkoy Campus, Bolu, Turkey, 14280;
| | - İmren Mustafa
- , University of Abant Izzet Baysal Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Sciences , Department of Plant Protection, Gölköy Campus, Bolu, Turkey, 14280;
| | - Tugba Bozoglu
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu 14030, Turkey, Bolu, Turkey;
| | - Abdelfattah A Dababat
- CIMMYT Turkey, CIMMYT Uluslararası Buğday ve Mısır Geliştirme Merkezi, Şehit Cem Ersever Caddesi No : 9/11, Tarla Bitkileri Araştırma Enstitüsü Kampüsü içi, Ankara, Ankara, Turkey, 06170;
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Saleh A, İmren M, Özer G, Yeken MZ, Çiftçi V, Dababat AA. Host suitability of different common bean varieties in a growth room to the plant-parasitic nematodes Pratylenchus thornei and P. neglectus. NEMATOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1163/15685411-bja10105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Summary
Pratylenchus thornei and P. neglectus attack common bean and cause economic yield losses throughout cultivated areas in Turkey. The most effective management strategy for the P. thornei and P. neglectus infections is crop rotation with non-host crops and breeding resistant/tolerant varieties. However, parent bean genotypes immune to P. thornei and P. neglectus are not available for breeding programmes; thus, resistant varieties are commonly incorporated as parents. In the present research, a total of 36 common bean varieties were tested in a growth room for their host response to these two nematode pests. The reproduction factor and the population density of both nematode species were calculated. All tested bean varieties showed varying levels of resistance and susceptibility to P. thornei and P. neglectus. Among the dry bean varieties, nine were found to be resistant to P. thornei and three to P. neglectus, with three varieties (‘Kantar-05’, ‘Önceler-98’ and ‘Karacasehir-90’) resistant to both species. Among fresh bean varieties, ten were found to be resistant to P. thornei and four to P. neglectus, with four varieties (‘Helda’, ‘Gina’, ‘Gelincik’ and ‘Bourgondia’) resistant to both species. The resistant common bean varieties identified in this study are a valuable untapped genetic pool that will offer improved resistance levels to P. thornei and P. neglectus, especially ‘Gina’ and ‘Önceler-98’, which seem to possess a great source of resistance to P. thornei and P. neglectus, respectively, and can be used in breeding programmes in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azzam Saleh
- Department of Biology, Al-Quds University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Abu Deis, Palestine
| | - Mustafa İmren
- Department of Biology, Al-Quds University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Abu Deis, Palestine
| | - Göksel Özer
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu 14030, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Z. Yeken
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu 14030, Turkey
| | - Vahdettin Çiftçi
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu 14030, Turkey
| | - Abdelfattah A. Dababat
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), P.O. Box 39, Emek 06511, Ankara, Turkey
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Abstract
Fusarium crown rot, caused by several species within the genus, is a major constraint that results in significant losses in wheat production worldwide. In June 2019, diseased wheat plants with typical symptoms of crown rot, including discoloration on the first two or three internodes of the stem just above the soil line and stunted, dry rotted, and discolored roots were collected in several bread wheat fields during the maturity stage in Almaty, East Kazakhstan, and Karaganda Regions of Kazakhstan. For each field, approximately twenty tillers were randomly sampled. Symptomatic tissues were surface sterilized in 1% NaClO for 2 min, rinsed with sterile distilled water three times, air-dried in a laminar flow hood, and then transferred to Petri dishes containing one-fifth strength potato dextrose agar (PDA). After incubating in the dark at 23°C for 5 days, 79 single-spore isolates showing cultural and microscopic characteristics of Fusarium were obtained on PDA and Spezieller-Nährstoffarmer agar (SNA). Colonies were initially white but later produced a beige to pink diffusible pigment in PDA. Microconidia that formed on aerial monophialides were hyaline, 0 to 1 septum, oval- to kidney-shaped, and measured 4.3 to 10.3 × 1.9 to 3.4 µm (average 7.8 × 2.6 µm), whilst macroconidia were straight to slightly curved, 3 to 5 septate, and measured 18.7 to 38.8 × 2.9 to 6.6 µm (average 29.9 × 4.7 µm), with foot-shaped basal cells on SNA. Chlamydospores were present on PDA. Sequence analysis based on portions of translation elongation factor 1α (TEF1) and the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region (ITS rDNA) loci with primers EF1/EF2 (O'Donnell et al. 1998) and ITS1/ITS4 (White et al. 1990) identified 29 of the 79 isolates as Fusarium redolens Wollenw. The sequences of the five representative isolates with 99.85% of similarity to those of F. redolens strains available in GenBank e.g., ITS (MT435063) and TEF1 (GU250584). The TEF1 (accession nos. MW403914-MW403918) and ITS rDNA (accession nos. MW397138-MW397142) sequences of the isolates were deposited in GenBank. The morphological features are consistent with the described features of F. redolens (Leslie and Summerell 2006). To confirm pathogenicity of the five isolates, five pre-germinated seeds of wheat cultivar Seri 82 were placed in a 9-cm-diameter pot filled with a sterile potting mix containing equal volumes of peat, vermiculite, and soil. An approximately 1-cm-diameter 7-day-old mycelial plug of each isolate was individually placed in contact with the seeds. Seeds were covered with the same potting mix, and then the pots were maintained for four weeks in a growth chamber at 23°C with a 12-h photoperiod. The experiment was conducted twice with three replicate 15-cm pots with 5 plants per pot. Controls were inoculated with sterile agar plugs using the same procedure. After four weeks, all the inoculated plants showed stunted growth with brown discoloration in most parts of the crown and roots, whereas no symptoms were observed in the control plants. The mean severity of the disease for each isolate was between 2.1 and 2.7 according to the scale of 1 to 5 described by Gebremariam et al. (2015). The pathogen was reisolated from crowns of diseased plants, but not from asymptomatic control tissues, and identified morphologically based on the methods described above, fulfilling Koch's postulates. Although several morphological features are shared by F. oxysporum and F. redolens, Baayen et al. (2001) showed that these species could be easily distinguished using molecular data. The pathogen was previously reported as F. redolens associated with crown rot of wheat in Turkey (Gebremariam et al. 2015) and Saskatchewan, Canada (Taheri et al. 2011). The presence of F. redolens causing crown rot is confirmed in the six wheat fields surveyed in Kazakhstan, for the first time. This pathogen may pose a risk for wheat production, and further studies needed to determine the impact on the crop in Kazakhstan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugba Bozoglu
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu 14030, Turkey, Bolu, Turkey;
| | - Göksel Özer
- Abant Izzet Baysal Universitesi, 52942, Plant Pathology, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Agriculture and Natural Sciences, Golkoy Campus, Bolu, Turkey, 14280;
| | - İmren Mustafa
- , University of Abant Izzet Baysal Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Sciences , Department of Plant Protection, Gölköy Campus, Bolu, Turkey, 14280;
| | | | - Abdelfattah A Dababat
- CIMMYT Turkey, CIMMYT Uluslararası Buğday ve Mısır Geliştirme Merkezi, Şehit Cem Ersever Caddesi No : 9/11, Tarla Bitkileri Araştırma Enstitüsü Kampüsü içi, Ankara, Ankara, Turkey, 06170;
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Alkan M, Özer G, Mustafa İ, Ozdemir F, Morgounov A, Dababat AA. First Report of Fusarium culmorum and Microdochium bolleyi Causing Root Rot on Triticale in Kazakhstan. Plant Dis 2021; 105:2015. [PMID: 33656364 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-12-20-2659-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Triticale (×Triticosecale Wittmack) is obtained from wheat × rye crossing. It is positioned between wheat and rye in terms of resistance to soilborne pathogens including Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici, Fusarium culmorum, F. avenaceum, and Bipolaris sorokiniana (Arseniuk and Góral 2015). In 2019, seven triticale fields were surveyed in Almaty Province, Kazakhstan to examine soil-borne fungal pathogens. A total of 28 symptomatic plants with stunting, rot or discolored root were collected to identify causal agents. The overall disease incidence was approximately 8 to 10% in the fields. Fungi were isolated from 3-5 mm pieces excised from symptomatic tissues. The pieces were exposed to surface disinfection in 1% sodium hypochlorite solution for 2 min, rinsed three times with sterile distilled water, blotted dry, and plated on 1/5 strength potato dextrose agar (PDA) amended with 0.01% streptomycin. Plates were left in the dark at 23°C for 7 days. A total of 34 fungal colonies were isolated of which nineteen isolates, originally from six fields showed the cultural characteristics of B. sorokiniana. This species was previously reported to cause common root rot on triticale in Kazakhstan (Özer et al. 2020). Ten isolates from four fields produced pale orange and cottony mycelium with red pigmentation on the agar, which is typical of Fusarium-like growth. The remaining isolates (n=5) from two fields produced salmon-colored and scarce aerial mycelium with no soluble pigmentation, similar to Microdochium spp. Fusarium isolates produced thick-walled and curved macroconidia with 3-4 septa (n=50, 25.7 to 37.6 × 4.1 to 7.3 μm in size) and notched basal cell on PDA, but microconidia were absent, which matches the description of F. culmorum (Wm.G. Sm.) Sacc. (Leslie and Summerell 2006). Microdochium isolates produced swollen, brown, and thick-walled chlamydospores and hyaline, one-celled, and thin-walled conidia (n=50, 5.4 to 9.3 × 1.5 to 3.0 μm in size) formed on ampullate and cylindrical conidiogenous cells on oatmeal agar (OA). These morphological features are consistent with previous observations for Microdochium bolleyi (R. Sprague) de Hoog & Herm.-Nijh. (Hong et al. 2008). To confirm morphological preliminary identifications, the portion of the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (EF1-α) gene was amplified with EF1/EF2 primers (O'Donnell et al. 1998) for representative Fusarium isolates (n=4) for each field. Additionally, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of ribosomal DNA was amplified with ITS1/ITS4 primers (White et al. 1990) for representative Microdochium isolates (n=2) for each field. BLASTn queries against NCBI GenBank revealed that the EF1-α sequences of Fusarium isolates (MW311081-MW311084) shared 100% identity with F. culmorum strain CBS 110262 (KT008433). The ITS sequences of M. bolleyi isolates (MW301448-MW301449) matched that of M. bolleyi strain CBS 137.64 (AM502264) with 100% sequence similarity. Pathogenicity test was conducted on pregerminated seeds of triticale cv. Balausa. A plastic pot (17 cm height, 9 cm in diam) was filled with a sterile mixture of vermiculite, peat, and soil (1:1:1, v/v/v). Mycelial plugs (1 cm in diam) were cut from the margin of a growing culture of representative isolates (Kaz_Fus123 and Kaz_Mb01) and placed onto the mixture in the pot. A sterile agar plug was employed as a control treatment. One pregerminated seed was put on the plug and covered with the mixture. The pots were transferred to a growth chamber set at 23 ± 2°C and a photoperiod of 14 hours. The experiment was performed twice using 5 replication pots per isolate. Four weeks after inoculation, discoloration of the crown was observed on all the inoculated roots, whereas no symptoms were observed on the control plants. Koch's postulates were fulfilled by reisolating and identifying the pathogen based on the morphology described above. This is the first report of M. bolleyi and F. culmorum causing root rot on triticale in Kazakhstan. Although B. sorokiniana is the most primary pathogen that may limit yield in the production of triticale in Kazakhstan, F. culmorum and M. bolleyi have been found to be less frequent and less aggressive pathogens, respectively. Further studies are needed to better understand the potential distribution and impact of these pathogens on triticale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehtap Alkan
- Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Department of Plant Protection, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal Universitesi Golkoy Yerleskesi, Bolu, Turkey, 14280
- Turkey;
| | - Göksel Özer
- Abant Izzet Baysal Universitesi, 52942, Plant Pathology, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Agriculture and Natural Sciences, Golkoy Campus, Bolu, Turkey, 14280;
| | - İmren Mustafa
- , University of Abant Izzet Baysal Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Sciences , Department of Plant Protection, Gölköy Campus, Bolu, Turkey, 14280;
| | | | | | - Abdelfattah A Dababat
- CIMMYT Turkey, CIMMYT Uluslararası Buğday ve Mısır Geliştirme Merkezi, Şehit Cem Ersever Caddesi No : 9/11, Tarla Bitkileri Araştırma Enstitüsü Kampüsü içi, Ankara, Ankara, Turkey, 06170;
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Labudda M, Tokarz K, Tokarz B, Muszyńska E, Gietler M, Górecka M, Różańska E, Rybarczyk-Płońska A, Fidler J, Prabucka B, Dababat AA, Lewandowski M. Reactive oxygen species metabolism and photosynthetic performance in leaves of Hordeum vulgare plants co-infested with Heterodera filipjevi and Aceria tosichella. Plant Cell Rep 2020; 39:1719-1741. [PMID: 32955612 PMCID: PMC7502656 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-020-02600-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Defence responses of cyst nematode and/or wheat curl mite infested barley engage the altered reactive oxygen species production, antioxidant machinery, carbon dioxide assimilation and photosynthesis efficiency. The primary aim of this study was to determine how barley responds to two pests infesting separately or at once; thus barley was inoculated with Heterodera filipjevi (Madzhidov) Stelter (cereal cyst nematode; CCN) and Aceria tosichella Keifer (wheat curl mite; WCM). To verify hypothesis about the involvement of redox metabolism and photosynthesis in barley defence responses, biochemical, photosynthesis efficiency and chlorophyll a fluorescence measurements as well as transmission electron microscopy were implemented. Inoculation with WCM (apart from or with CCN) brought about a significant suppression in the efficiency of electron transport outside photosystem II reaction centres. This limitation was an effect of diminished pool of rapidly reducing plastoquinone and decreased total electron carriers. Infestation with WCM (apart from or with CCN) also significantly restricted the electron transport on the photosystem I acceptor side, therefore produced reactive oxygen species oxidized lipids in cells of WCM and double infested plants and proteins in cells of WCM-infested plants. The level of hydrogen peroxide was significantly decreased in double infested plants because of glutathione-ascorbate cycle involvement. The inhibition of nitrosoglutathione reductase promoted the accumulation of S-nitrosoglutathione increasing antioxidant capacity in cells of double infested plants. Moreover, enhanced arginase activity in WCM-infested plants could stimulate synthesis of polyamines participating in plant antioxidant response. Infestation with WCM (apart from or with CCN) significantly reduced the efficiency of carbon dioxide assimilation by barley leaves, whereas infection only with CCN expanded photosynthesis efficiency. These were accompanied with the ultrastructural changes in chloroplasts during CCN and WCM infestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Labudda
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Tokarz
- Department of Botany, Physiology and Plant Protection, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Barbara Tokarz
- Department of Botany, Physiology and Plant Protection, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewa Muszyńska
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Gietler
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mirosława Górecka
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Różańska
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Rybarczyk-Płońska
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Justyna Fidler
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Beata Prabucka
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Abdelfattah A Dababat
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Soil Borne Pathogens Program, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mariusz Lewandowski
- Department of Plant Protection, Section of Applied Entomology, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
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Özer G, Paulitz TC, Imren M, Alkan M, Muminjanov H, Dababat AA. Identity and Pathogenicity of Fungi Associated with Crown and Root Rot of Dryland Winter Wheat in Azerbaijan. Plant Dis 2020; 104:2149-2157. [PMID: 32452752 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-08-19-1799-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive survey was performed to assess fungal populations associated with crown and root rot of wheat throughout the main wheat-growing areas of Azerbaijan. Samples were taken from 76 fields; 630 fungal strains were isolated, identified, and evaluated for pathogenicity. The identification was conducted with morphological and molecular tools such as species-specific PCR and DNA sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and translation elongation factor 1-α (EF1-α) loci. The fungus found in the greatest number of fields (44) was Fusarium culmorum with 192 isolates, followed by F. acuminatum. Other Fusarium spp. isolates were identified: F. equiseti, F. pseudograminearum, F. graminearum, F. incarnatum, F. avenaceum, F. hostae, F. oxysporum, F. proliferatum, F. algeriense, and F. brachygibbosum. Bipolaris sorokiniana, Curvularia spicifera, Exserohilum pedicellatum, Nigrospora oryzae, and Rhizoctonia spp. isolates were also identified, associated with underground parts of wheat. Phylogenetic analyses based on ITS and EF1-α sequences of the isolates showed that the isolates belonging to the same species were clearly separated in the dendrogram. Pathogenicity assays revealed that F. culmorum, F. pseudograminearum, and F. graminearum were most aggressive; F. avenaceum, F. hostae, F. algeriense, B. sorokiniana, C. spicifera, and R. solani isolates were moderately aggressive; C. inaequalis, E. pedicellatum, and N. oryzae were weakly aggressive; and others were nonpathogenic. The result of this study exhibited the existence of a wide range of species associated with crown and root rot of wheat in Azerbaijan. Additionally, this is the first report of F. hostae, F. algeriense, C. spicifera, C. inaequalis, and N. oryzae as pathogens on wheat in Azerbaijan. Azerbaijan is the second country after Algeria in which F. algeriense was detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Göksel Özer
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Science, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, 14030, Turkey
| | - Timothy C Paulitz
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Wheat Health, Genetics and Quality Research Unit, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6430, U.S.A
| | - Mustafa Imren
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Science, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, 14030, Turkey
| | - Mehtap Alkan
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Science, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, 14030, Turkey
| | - Hafiz Muminjanov
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Plant Production and Protection Officer, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Abdelfattah A Dababat
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT) P.O. Box. 39 Emek, Ankara, Turkey
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Abstract
Summary
The cereal cyst nematode, Heterodera latipons, is an important plant parasite causing substantial yield losses in wheat throughout the world. This study aimed to determine genetic and pathogenic variation in H. latipons populations obtained from the southern part of Turkey. The populations were identified as H. latipons by sequencing the ITS-rDNA region and further sequence analysis showed an intraspecific genetic variation in H. latipons populations, which were clustered into different groups. The International Test Assortment materials were used to determine pathogenic variation (pathotypes) in these populations. The results showed that ‘Ortolan’, ‘Morocco’, ‘KVL191’, ‘Bajo Aragon 1-1’, ‘Herta’, ‘Martin 403-2’, ‘Sun II’ and ‘Pusa Hybrid Bsi’ cultivars were resistant or moderately resistant to the tested nematode populations. ‘Emir’, ‘Dalmatische’ and ‘Capa’ were susceptible to H. latipons populations. The Hatay population of H. latipons was detected as the most virulent nematode population because ten out of 20 cultivars were susceptible or moderately susceptible to this population. The least virulent population was the Kilis population, which caused susceptible reaction on six out of all cultivars with different levels. Based on this scheme, the Turkish populations were in the Ha1 group: the reactions of barley, oats and wheat classified them as either Ha41 or Ha51. Barley ‘KVL191’ was resistant to all nematode populations but susceptible to Ha51, and the reactions of the other barley cultivars were also consistent with the Turkish populations being Ha51. ‘AUS10894’ was susceptible to three nematode populations but resistant to Ha41, and the reaction of ‘Capa’ was also consistent with the Turkish populations being Ha51. However, the degree of susceptibility of all wheat differentials distinguishes the Turkish populations from other pathotypes in the Ha1 group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelfattah A. Dababat
- 1International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), P.O. Box. 39, Emek 06511, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mustafa İmren
- 2Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Science, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Göksel Özer
- 2Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Science, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Fouad Mokrını
- 3Biotechnology Research Unit, Regional Centre of Agricultural Research, National Institute of Agriculture Research (INRA), Rabat, Morocco
| | - Nagihan Duman
- 4Department of Plant and Animal Production, Mudurnu Süreyya Astarcı Vocational School, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Timothy Paulıtz
- 5United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Wheat Health, Genetics and Quality Research Unit, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6430, USA
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Pariyar SR, Erginbas-Orakci G, Dadshani S, Chijioke OB, Léon J, Dababat AA, Grundler FMW. Dissecting the Genetic Complexity of Fusarium Crown Rot Resistance in Wheat. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3200. [PMID: 32081866 PMCID: PMC7035263 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60190-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium crown rot (FCR) is one of the most important diseases of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). FCR is mainly caused by the fungal pathogens Fusarium culmorum and F. pseudograminearum. In order to identify new sources of resistance to FCR and to dissect the complexity of FCR resistance, a panel of 161 wheat accessions was phenotyped under growth room (GR) and greenhouse conditions (GH). Analysis of variance showed significant differences in crown rot development among wheat accessions and high heritability of genotype-environment interactions for GR (0.96) and GH (0.91). Mixed linear model analysis revealed seven novel quantitative trait loci (QTLs) linked to F. culmorum on chromosomes 2AL, 3AS, 4BS, 5BS, 5DS, 5DL and 6DS for GR and eight QTLs on chromosomes on 3AS, 3BS, 3DL, 4BS (2), 5BS, 6BS and 6BL for GH. Total phenotypic variances (R²) explained by the QTLs linked to GR and GH were 48% and 59%, respectively. In addition, five favorable epistasis interactions among the QTLs were detected for both GR and GH with and without main effects. Epistatic interaction contributed additional variation up to 21% under GR and 7% under GH indicating strong effects of environment on the expression of QTLs. Our results revealed FCR resistance responses in wheat to be complex and controlled by multiple QTLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shree R Pariyar
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Bio- und Geowissenschaften (IBG)-2, Pflanzenwissenschaften, D-52425, Jülich, Germany.,Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert- Kreiten Strasse 13, D-53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gul Erginbas-Orakci
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), P.K. 39 06511, Emek, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Said Dadshani
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Plant Breeding, Katzenburgweg 5, D-53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Oyiga Benedict Chijioke
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Plant Breeding, Katzenburgweg 5, D-53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jens Léon
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Plant Breeding, Katzenburgweg 5, D-53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Abdelfattah A Dababat
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), P.K. 39 06511, Emek, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Florian M W Grundler
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert- Kreiten Strasse 13, D-53115, Bonn, Germany.
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Labudda M, Muszyńska E, Gietler M, Różańska E, Rybarczyk-Płońska A, Fidler J, Prabucka B, Dababat AA. Efficient antioxidant defence systems of spring barley in response to stress induced jointly by the cyst nematode parasitism and cadmium exposure. Plant Soil 2020; 456:189-206. [PMID: 32952222 PMCID: PMC7487286 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-020-04713-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This research aimed to establish how Hordeum vulgare responds to abiotic and biotic stress affecting in tandem. METHODS Plants were inoculated with Heterodera filipjevi and treated with cadmium (Cd) concentration (5 μM) that can occur in the cultivated soil. To verify the hypothesis about participation of increased antioxidative defence in H. vulgare under stress, biochemical and microscopic methods were implemented. RESULTS The amount of superoxide anions and hydrogen peroxide was diminished in plants that were both nematode-inoculated and cadmium-treated. Superoxide anions were rendered harmless by increased activity of superoxide dismutase, and H2O2 was scavenged via Foyer-Halliwell-Asada pathway. The unique enhanced antioxidant capacity of double stressed plants was also linked with the accumulation of S-nitrosoglutathione as nitrosoglutathione reductase activity was inhibited. Furthermore, stimulated activity of arginase in these plants could promote polyamine synthesis and indirectly enhance non-enzymatic antioxidant mechanism. Results indicate that different antioxidants operating together significantly restricted oxidation of lipids and proteins, thus the integrity of cell membranes and protein functions were maintained. CONCLUSIONS The ROS deactivation machinery in barley leaves showed an unusual response during stress induced by H. filipjevi infection and cadmium treatment. Plants could induce a multi-component model of stress response, to detoxify Cd ions and efficiently repair stress damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Labudda
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Muszyńska
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Gietler
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Różańska
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Rybarczyk-Płońska
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Justyna Fidler
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Beata Prabucka
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Abdelfattah A. Dababat
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Soil Borne Pathogens Program, Ankara, Turkey
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Labudda M, Różańska E, Prabucka B, Muszyńska E, Marecka D, Kozak M, Dababat AA, Sobczak M. Activity profiling of barley vacuolar processing enzymes provides new insights into the plant and cyst nematode interaction. Mol Plant Pathol 2020; 21:38-52. [PMID: 31605455 PMCID: PMC6913211 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Vacuolar processing enzymes (VPEs) play an important role during regular growth and development and defence responses. Despite substantial attempts to understand the molecular basis of plant-cyst nematode interaction, the mechanism of VPEs functioning during this interaction remains unknown. The second-stage Heterodera filipjevi juvenile penetrates host roots and induces the formation of a permanent feeding site called a syncytium. To investigate whether infection with H. filipjevi alters plant host VPEs, the studies were performed in Hordeum vulgare roots and leaves on the day of inoculation and at 7, 14 and 21 days post-inoculation (dpi). Implementing molecular, biochemical and microscopic methods we identified reasons for modulation of barley VPE activity during interaction with H. filipjevi. Heterodera filipjevi parasitism caused a general decrease of VPE activity in infected roots, but live imaging of VPEs showed that their activity is up-regulated in syncytia at 7 and 14 dpi and down-regulated at 21 dpi. These findings were accompanied by tissue-specific VPE gene expression patterns. Expression of the barley cystatin HvCPI-4 gene was stimulated in leaves but diminished in roots upon infestation. External application of cyclotides that can be produced naturally by VPEs elicits in pre-parasitic juveniles vesiculation of their body, enhanced formation of granules, induction of exploratory behaviour (stylet thrusts and head movements), production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and final death by methuosis. Taken together, down-regulation of VPE activity through nematode effectors promotes the nematode invasion rates and leads to avoidance of the induction of the plant proteolytic response and death of the invading juveniles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Labudda
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of BiologyWarsaw University of Life Sciences‐SGGWWarsawPoland
| | - Elżbieta Różańska
- Department of Botany, Institute of BiologyWarsaw University of Life Sciences‐SGGWWarsawPoland
| | - Beata Prabucka
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of BiologyWarsaw University of Life Sciences‐SGGWWarsawPoland
| | - Ewa Muszyńska
- Department of Botany, Institute of BiologyWarsaw University of Life Sciences‐SGGWWarsawPoland
| | - Dorota Marecka
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of BiologyWarsaw University of Life Sciences‐SGGWWarsawPoland
| | - Marcin Kozak
- Department of Botany, Institute of BiologyWarsaw University of Life Sciences‐SGGWWarsawPoland
| | - Abdelfattah A. Dababat
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)Soil Borne Pathogens ProgramP.K. 39 Emek06511AnkaraTurkey
| | - Mirosław Sobczak
- Department of Botany, Institute of BiologyWarsaw University of Life Sciences‐SGGWWarsawPoland
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Mokrini F, Laasli SE, Karra Y, El Aissami A, Dababat AA. Diversity and incidence of plant-parasitic nematodes associated with saffron (Crocus sativus L.) in Morocco and their relationship with soil physicochemical properties. NEMATOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1163/15685411-00003286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Summary
Saffron (Crocus sativus) fields in Morocco’s Taliouine and Taznakht regions were surveyed between January and April 2018 to study the diversity and incidence of plant-parasitic nematodes and assess the effects of soil physicochemical properties on the nematodes. Fourteen nematode genera were identified in soil and root samples collected from 66 saffron fields. The most common plant-parasitic nematodes in the Taliouine region were Pratylenchus spp. and Helicotylenchus spp. In the Taznakht region, the most common nematodes were Pratylenchus spp., Tylenchorhynchus spp. and Ditylenchus dipsaci. Nematodes, particularly Pratylenchus spp. and Ditylenchus spp., were abundant and frequent throughout the region. Several nematode genera were significantly associated with soil texture and mineral content, indicating that soil properties play an important role in plant-parasitic nematode communities. This description of plant-parasitic nematode assemblages associated with saffron fields in Morocco and their relationship with soil physicochemical properties provides a starting point from which appropriate nematode management strategies can be implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fouad Mokrini
- 1Biotechnology Unit, Regional Centre of Agricultural Research, National Institute of Agricultural Research (INRA), Rabat, Morocco
| | - Salah-Eddine Laasli
- 1Biotechnology Unit, Regional Centre of Agricultural Research, National Institute of Agricultural Research (INRA), Rabat, Morocco
- 2Faculty of Science, Mohammed V University, Laboratory of Botany, Mycology and Environment, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Youssef Karra
- 1Biotechnology Unit, Regional Centre of Agricultural Research, National Institute of Agricultural Research (INRA), Rabat, Morocco
| | - Aicha El Aissami
- 2Faculty of Science, Mohammed V University, Laboratory of Botany, Mycology and Environment, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Abdelfattah A. Dababat
- 3International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), P.K. 39 06511, Emek, Ankara, Turkey
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Abstract
Nematodes attack cereal crops resulting in significant yield losses, estimated at 10%. The plant parasitic nematodes of the genus Heterodera attack cereals, particularly wheat, causing costly financial losses due to impact on yield. The soil borne pathogens program at the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) in Turkey has focused on screening wheat germplasm to identify sources of Heterodera resistant varieties for almost 20 years. The aim of this current study was to validate the finding that resistant lines demonstrate resistant reactions under controlled conditions and to test whether they present tolerant reactions when challenged with cyst nematodes under two different locations in field conditions. The results of this study, including the check lines, indicated that 27 and 28 lines maintained their reactions to H. filipjevi in Eskisehir and Yozgat field, respectively, and 23 lines were the same in both locations. In terms of tolerance, 3 and 13 lines proven to be tolerant and moderately tolerant to H. filipjevi in Yozgat field. In Eskisehir field, 13 and 14 lines were tolerant and moderately tolerant. In both locations, L7 showed tolerance reaction, although it was susceptible. The majority of the resistant germplasm (60%, 14 lines) of screened lines from the Turkey CIMMYT–ICARDA (TCI) nursery were found to be resistant to both H. filipjevi populations including L1, L3, L6, L15, L21, L26, and L34, whereas 17% (four lines) from the USA had the same reaction. L32 showed a high level of resistance and tolerance in both locations and could prove to be promising lines in the breeding programs. The International Winter Wheat Improvement Program (IWWIP) formerly used these resistant lines in the crossing block and subsequently distributed them to more than 150 international collaborators. Regression analysis revealed a negative correlation between yield and RF of H. filipjevi in both nematode populations, which describes the negative impact of this pest on winter wheat. The results of this study are very important for breeding programs especially for the IWWIP, a joint program between the Turkish Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, CIMMYT, and the International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelfattah A Dababat
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) , P.K. 39 Emek, 06511, Ankara , Turkey
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25
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Ali MA, Shahzadi M, Zahoor A, Dababat AA, Toktay H, Bakhsh A, Nawaz MA, Li H. Resistance to Cereal Cyst Nematodes in Wheat and Barley: An Emphasis on Classical and Modern Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E432. [PMID: 30669499 PMCID: PMC6359373 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cereal cyst nematodes (CCNs) are among the most important nematode pests that limit production of small grain cereals like wheat and barley. These nematodes alone are estimated to reduce production of crops by 10% globally. This necessitates a huge enhancement of nematode resistance in cereal crops against CCNs. Nematode resistance in wheat and barley in combination with higher grain yields has been a preferential research area for cereal nematologists. This usually involved the targeted genetic exploitations through natural means of classical selection breeding of resistant genotypes and finding quantitative trait luci (QTLs) associated with resistance genes. These improvements were based on available genetic diversity among the crop plants. Recently, genome-wide association studies have widely been exploited to associate nematode resistance or susceptibility with particular regions of the genome. Use of biotechnological tools through the application of various transgenic strategies for enhancement of nematode resistance in various crop plants including wheat and barley had also been an important area of research. These modern approaches primarily include the use of gene silencing, exploitation of nematode effector genes, proteinase inhibitors, chemodisruptive peptides and a combination of one or more of these approaches. Furthermore, the perspective genome editing technologies including CRISPR-Cas9 could also be helpful for improving CCN resistance in wheat and barley. The information provided in this review will be helpful to enhance resistance against CCNs and will attract the attention of the scientific community towards this neglected area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Amjad Ali
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan.
| | - Mahpara Shahzadi
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan.
| | - Adil Zahoor
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan.
| | | | - Halil Toktay
- Department of Plant Production and Technologies, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, Nigde 51240, Turkey.
| | - Allah Bakhsh
- Department of Agricultural Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, Nigde 51240, Turkey.
| | | | - Hongjie Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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Dababat AA, Mokrini F, Laasli SE, Yildiz Ş, Erginbas-Orakci G, Duman N, Ímren M. Host suitability of different wheat lines to Pratylenchus thornei under naturally infested field conditions in Turkey. NEMATOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1163/15685411-00003235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Summary
The root-lesion nematode, Pratylenchus thornei, attacks a wide range of crops and causes significant reductions in global grain production. Breeding programmes are currently restricted to using parents with moderate resistance to P. thornei as cereal cultivars with complete resistance are yet to be identified. This study evaluated 484 of CIMMYT’s spring wheat accessions for resistance to P. thornei of which 56 lines were pre-identified as resistant under controlled growth room conditions. These lines were further evaluated for their resistance and tolerance reactions under field conditions, where 14 accessions maintained their resistance and 16 were moderately resistant against P. thornei. Four lines gave excellent resistant and tolerance reactions to P. thornei. The relationship between the nematode reproduction factor (Pf/Pi) and wheat grain yield in field experiments fits a linear regression model. These findings could be useful for improving P. thornei resistance in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelfattah A. Dababat
- 1International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), P.O. Box. 39, Emek 06511, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fouad Mokrini
- 2National Institute of Agronomic Research (INRA), Agadir, Morocco
| | | | - Şenol Yildiz
- 3Department of Wildlife Ecology and Management, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Science, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Gül Erginbas-Orakci
- 1International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), P.O. Box. 39, Emek 06511, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nagihan Duman
- 4Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Science, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ímren
- 4Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Science, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
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27
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Helaly SE, Ashrafi S, Teponno RB, Bernecker S, Dababat AA, Maier W, Stadler M. Nematicidal Cyclic Lipodepsipeptides and a Xanthocillin Derivative from a Phaeosphariaceous Fungus Parasitizing Eggs of the Plant Parasitic Nematode Heterodera filipjevi. J Nat Prod 2018; 81:2228-2234. [PMID: 30234299 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The new cyclic lipodepsipeptide ophiotine (1), two new arthrichitin derivatives named arthrichitins B (4) and C (5), a new xanthocillin-like alkaloid, xanthomide Z (2), and the previously described arthrichitin (3) were isolated from the liquid culture broth of a nematode-associated fungus with affinities to the genus Ophiosphaerella. The structural elucidation and determination of the absolute configuration of the new molecules were accomplished using a combination of spectroscopic and chemical techniques, including 1D and 2D NMR, HRMS, and Marfey's analysis. Opiotine (1) displayed moderate nematicidal activity against the host nematode ( Heterodera filipjevi), while xanthomide Z (2) exhibited very weak activity. Arthrichitin C (5) showed very weak cytotoxic effects on several cancer cell lines, with IC50 values in the range of 24-33 μM. Xanthomide Z is among few xanthocillin derivatives that comprise formamide functions instead of the cyano functions that are usually observed in this class of fungal alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soleiman E Helaly
- Department of Microbial Drugs , Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research , Inhoffenstrasse 7 , 38124 Braunschweig , Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Aswan University , Aswan 81528 , Egypt
| | - Samad Ashrafi
- Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics , Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI)-Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants , Braunschweig 38104 , Germany
| | - Rémy B Teponno
- Department of Microbial Drugs , Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research , Inhoffenstrasse 7 , 38124 Braunschweig , Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , University of Dschang , P.O. Box 67, Dschang , Cameroon
| | - Steffen Bernecker
- Department of Microbial Drugs , Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research , Inhoffenstrasse 7 , 38124 Braunschweig , Germany
| | - Abdelfattah A Dababat
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) , P.K. 39 Emek , 06511 Ankara , Turkey
| | - Wolfgang Maier
- Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics , Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI)-Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants , Braunschweig 38104 , Germany
| | - Marc Stadler
- Department of Microbial Drugs , Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research , Inhoffenstrasse 7 , 38124 Braunschweig , Germany
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Erginbas-Orakci G, Sehgal D, Sohail Q, Ogbonnaya F, Dreisigacker S, Pariyar SR, Dababat AA. Identification of Novel Quantitative Trait Loci Linked to Crown Rot Resistance in Spring Wheat. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2666. [PMID: 30205560 PMCID: PMC6165080 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Crown rot (CR), caused by various Fusarium species, is a major disease in many cereal-growing regions worldwide. Fusarium culmorum is one of the most important species, which can cause significant yield losses in wheat. A set of 126 advanced International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) spring bread wheat lines were phenotyped against CR for field crown, greenhouse crown and stem, and growth room crown resistance scores. Of these, 107 lines were genotyped using Diversity Array Technology (DArT) markers to identify quantitative trait loci linked to CR resistance by genome-wide association study. Results of the population structure analysis grouped the accessions into three sub-groups. Genome wide linkage disequilibrium was large and declined on average within 20 cM (centi-Morgan) in the panel. General linear model (GLM), mixed linear model (MLM), and naïve models were tested for each CR score and the best model was selected based on quarantine-quarantine plots. Three marker-trait associations (MTAs) were identified linked to CR resistance; two of these on chromosome 3B were associated with field crown scores, each explaining 11.4% of the phenotypic variation and the third MTA on chromosome 2D was associated with greenhouse stem score and explained 11.6% of the phenotypic variation. Together, these newly identified loci provide opportunity for wheat breeders to exploit in enhancing CR resistance via marker-assisted selection or deployment in genomic selection in wheat breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gul Erginbas-Orakci
- Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Ankara 06511, Turkey.
| | - Deepmala Sehgal
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo. Postal 6-641, Mexico DF06600, Mexico.
| | - Quahir Sohail
- International Winter Wheat Improvement Program (IWWIP), International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Ankara 06511, Turkey.
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan.
| | - Francis Ogbonnaya
- Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC), P.O. Box 5367, Kingston, ACT 2604, Australia.
| | - Susanne Dreisigacker
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo. Postal 6-641, Mexico DF06600, Mexico.
| | - Shree R Pariyar
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Plant Sciences (IBG-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany.
| | - Abdelfattah A Dababat
- Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Ankara 06511, Turkey.
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29
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Smaha D, Mokrini F, Imren M, Mokabli A, Dababat AA. First Report of the Cereal Cyst Nematode (Heterodera filipjevi) on Wheat in Algeria. Plant Dis 2018; 102:1860. [PMID: 30125199 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-12-17-2003-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D Smaha
- National High School of Agronomy, El-Harrach, Algiers, Algeria
| | - F Mokrini
- National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), UR-Integrated Crop Protection, Agadir, Morocco
| | - M Imren
- Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Science, Department of Plant Protection, Bolu, Turkey
| | - A Mokabli
- University of Khmis Miliana, Ain Defla, Algeria
| | - A A Dababat
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Emek, Ankara, Turkey
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30
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Janati S, Houari A, Wifaya A, Essarioui A, Mimouni A, Hormatallah A, Sbaghi M, Dababat AA, Mokrini F. Occurrence of the Root-Knot Nematode species in Vegetable Crops in Souss Region of Morocco. Plant Pathol J 2018; 34:308-315. [PMID: 30140184 PMCID: PMC6097824 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.oa.02.2018.0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Root-knot nematodes 'Meloidogyne spp' are the most destructive group of plant parasitic nematodes causeing serious losses in vegetables crops and this damages worsened when crops grown under greenhouses conditions. In this sutdy, the distribution and characterization of root-knot nematode species collected from the Souss region of Morocco where vegetables crops intensively cultivated were determined by using both morphological and molecular tools. Out of the 110 samples collected from different greenhouses 91 (81.7%) were found to be infested with root-knot nematodes. Thirty-seven populations of root-knot nematodes were morphologically identified based on perineal patterns as well as molecularlly using species-specific primers. The obtained results indicated that Meloidogyne javanica and M. incognita were identified in 86.4% and 13.5% of the total populations, respectively. The lowest incidence of root-knot nematodes (64%) was found in Toussous, whereas the highest frequencies of 100% and 90% were detected in Taddart and Biogra, respectively. As the majority of the samples have been infested with Meloidogyne species; this indicates that there is an urgent need to provide farmers with a proper control strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soukaina Janati
- Laboratoire des biotechnologies, Faculté polydisciplinaire de Taroudant, Taroudant,
Morocco
- National Institute of Agronomic Research, UR- Integrated Crop Protection, Nematology Laboratory, National Institute of Agricultural Research (INRA), Agadir,
Morocco
| | - Abdellah Houari
- Laboratoire des biotechnologies, Faculté polydisciplinaire de Taroudant, Taroudant,
Morocco
| | - Ahmed Wifaya
- National Institute of Agronomic Research, UR- Integrated Crop Protection, Nematology Laboratory, National Institute of Agricultural Research (INRA), Agadir,
Morocco
| | - Adil Essarioui
- National Institute of Agronomic Research, Errachidia,
Morocco
| | - Abdelaziz Mimouni
- National Institute of Agronomic Research, UR- Integrated Crop Protection, Nematology Laboratory, National Institute of Agricultural Research (INRA), Agadir,
Morocco
| | | | - Mohamed Sbaghi
- National Institute of Agronomic Research- Scientific Division, Rabat,
Morocco
| | | | - Fouad Mokrini
- National Institute of Agronomic Research, UR- Integrated Crop Protection, Nematology Laboratory, National Institute of Agricultural Research (INRA), Agadir,
Morocco
- Corresponding author. Phone) +212-661-135-696, FAX) +212-528-242-352, E-mail)
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31
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Ashrafi S, Knapp DG, Blaudez D, Chalot M, Maciá-Vicente JG, Zagyva I, Dababat AA, Maier W, Kovács GM. Inhabiting plant roots, nematodes, and truffles-Polyphilus, a new helotialean genus with two globally distributed species. Mycologia 2018; 110:286-299. [PMID: 29771641 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2018.1448167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Fungal root endophytes, including the common group of dark septate endophytes (DSEs), represent different taxonomic groups and potentially diverse life strategies. In this study, we investigated two unidentified helotialean lineages found previously in a study of DSE fungi of semiarid grasslands, from several other sites, and collected recently from a pezizalean truffle ascoma and eggs of the cereal cyst nematode Heterodera filipjevi. The taxonomic positions and phylogenetic relationships of 21 isolates with different hosts and geographic origins were studied in detail. Four loci, namely, nuc rDNA ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (internal transcribed spacer [ITS]), partial 28S nuc rDNA (28S), partial 18S nuc rDNA (18S), and partial RNA polymerase II second-largest subunit (RPB2), were amplified and sequenced for molecular phylogenetic analyses. Analyses of similar ITS sequences from public databases revealed two globally distributed lineages detected in several biomes from different geographic regions. The host interaction of isolates from nematodes was examined using in vitro bioassays, which revealed that the fungi could penetrate nematode cysts and colonize eggs of H. filipjevi, confirming observations from field-collected samples. This is the first report of a DSE, and we are not aware of other helotialean fungal species colonizing the eggs of a plant-parasitic nematode. Neither conidiomata and conidia nor ascomata formation was detected in any of the isolates. Based on molecular phylogenetic analyses, these isolates represent a distinct lineage within the Helotiales in the Hyaloscyphaceae. For this lineage, we propose here the new genus Polyphilus represented by two new species, P. sieberi and P. frankenii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samad Ashrafi
- a Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Julius Kühn-Institut (Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants) , Braunschweig , Germany.,b Department of Ecological Plant Protection, Faculty of Organic Agricultural Sciences , University of Kassel , Witzenhausen , Germany
| | - Dániel G Knapp
- c Department of Plant Anatomy , Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University , Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, H-1117 Budapest , Hungary
| | - Damien Blaudez
- d Université de Lorraine, CNRS UMR 7360, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux , Faculté des Sciences et Technologies , BP 70239, F-54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Michel Chalot
- e Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, CNRS UMR 6249, Laboratoire Chrono-Environnement, Pôle Universitaire du Pays de Montbéliard , 4 place Tharradin, BP 71427, F-25211, Montbéliard , France.,f Université de Lorraine , Faculté des Sciences et Technologies , BP 70239, F-54506, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy , France
| | - Jose G Maciá-Vicente
- g Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe Universität Frankfurt , Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438 Frankfurt am Main , Germany.,h Integrative Fungal Research Cluster (IPF) , Frankfurt am Main , Germany
| | - Imre Zagyva
- i Nefag Rt. Nagykunsági Forestry and Wood Industry Rt ., Szolnok , Hungary
| | - Abdelfattah A Dababat
- j CIMMYT (International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre) , P.K.39 06511 Emek , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Wolfgang Maier
- a Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Julius Kühn-Institut (Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants) , Braunschweig , Germany
| | - Gábor M Kovács
- c Department of Plant Anatomy , Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University , Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, H-1117 Budapest , Hungary
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Pariyar SR, Nakarmi J, Anwer MA, Siddique S, Ilyas M, Elashry A, Dababat AA, Leon J, Grundler FM. Amino acid permease 6 modulates host response to cyst nematodes in wheat and Arabidopsis. NEMATOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1163/15685411-00003172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Summary
Cyst nematodes are plant parasites that cause significant crop loss in wheat and other crops. Infective juveniles invade roots and induce syncytial feeding structures as the only source of nutrients throughout their life. A previous genome-wide association study in wheat identified amino acid permease 6 (TaAAP6) to be linked to susceptibility to the cereal cyst nematode Heterodera filipjevi. To characterise the role of AAP6 during nematode parasitism, we analysed the expression of TaAAP6 and the Arabidopsis orthologue AtAAP6. TaAAP6 was found to be highly expressed in nematode-infected roots of susceptible wheat, whereas it was not upregulated in nematode-infected roots of resistant accessions. AtAAP6 was also found to be highly upregulated in nematode-induced syncytia compared with non-infected roots. Infection assays with an AtAAP6 knock-out mutant revealed reduction in developing females, female size, and size of female-associated syncytia, thus indicating the importance of AAP6 in cyst nematode parasitism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shree R. Pariyar
- 1Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten Strasse 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jenish Nakarmi
- 1Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten Strasse 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Muhammad Arslan Anwer
- 1Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten Strasse 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Shahid Siddique
- 1Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten Strasse 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Muhammad Ilyas
- 1Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten Strasse 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Abdelnaser Elashry
- 1Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten Strasse 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Abdelfattah A. Dababat
- 2International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), P.K. 39 06511, Emek, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Jens Leon
- 3Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Plant Breeding, Katzenburgweg 5, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Florian M.W. Grundler
- 1Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten Strasse 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
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Ashrafi S, Stadler M, Dababat AA, Richert-Pöggeler KR, Finckh MR, Maier W. Monocillium gamsii sp. nov. and Monocillium bulbillosum: two nematode-associated fungi parasitising the eggs of Heterodera filipjevi. MycoKeys 2017. [DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.27.21254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Smiley RW, Dababat AA, Iqbal S, Jones MGK, Maafi ZT, Peng D, Subbotin SA, Waeyenberge L. Cereal Cyst Nematodes: A Complex and Destructive Group of Heterodera Species. Plant Dis 2017; 101:1692-1720. [PMID: 30676930 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-03-17-0355-fe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Small grain cereals have served as the basis for staple foods, beverages, and animal feed for thousands of years. Wheat, barley, oats, rye, triticale, rice, and others are rich in calories, proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals. These cereals supply 20% of the calories consumed by people worldwide and are therefore a primary source of energy for humans and play a vital role in global food and nutrition security. Global production of small grains increased linearly from 1960 to 2005, and then began to decline. Further decline in production is projected to continue through 2050 while global demand for these grains is projected to increase by 1% per annum. Currently, wheat, barley, and oat production exceeds consumption in developed countries, while in developing countries the consumption rate is higher than production. An increasing demand for meat and livestock products is likely to compound the demand for cereals in developing countries. Current production levels and trends will not be sufficient to fulfill the projected global demand generated by increased populations. For wheat, global production will need to be increased by 60% to fulfill the estimated demand in 2050. Until recently, global wheat production increased mostly in response to development of improved cultivars and farming practices and technologies. Production is now limited by biotic and abiotic constraints, including diseases, nematodes, insect pests, weeds, and climate. Among these constraints, plant-parasitic nematodes alone are estimated to reduce production of all world crops by 10%. Cereal cyst nematodes (CCNs) are among the most important nematode pests that limit production of small grain cereals. Heavily invaded young plants are stunted and their lower leaves are often chlorotic, forming pale green patches in the field. Mature plants are also stunted, have a reduced number of tillers, and the roots are shallow and have a "bushy-knotted" appearance. CCNs comprise a number of closely-related species and are found in most regions where cereals are produced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard W Smiley
- Columbia Basin Agricultural Research Center, Oregon State University, Pendleton
| | - Abdelfattah A Dababat
- Soil Borne Pathogens Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sadia Iqbal
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences,Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Murdoch University, Perth
| | - Michael G K Jones
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences,Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Murdoch University, Perth
| | - Zahra Tanha Maafi
- Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran
| | - Deliang Peng
- Nematology Department, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing
| | - Sergei A Subbotin
- Plant Pest Diagnostics Center, California Department of Food and Agriculture, Sacramento; and Centre of Parasitology, A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
| | - Lieven Waeyenberge
- Crop Protection Research Area, Plant Sciences Unit, Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Merelbeke, Belgium
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Ashrafi S, Helaly S, Schroers HJ, Stadler M, Richert-Poeggeler KR, Dababat AA, Maier W. Ijuhya vitellina sp. nov., a novel source for chaetoglobosin A, is a destructive parasite of the cereal cyst nematode Heterodera filipjevi. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180032. [PMID: 28700638 PMCID: PMC5507501 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyst nematodes are globally important pathogens in agriculture. Their sedentary lifestyle and long-term association with the roots of host plants render cyst nematodes especially good targets for attack by parasitic fungi. In this context fungi were specifically isolated from nematode eggs of the cereal cyst nematode Heterodera filipjevi. Here, Ijuhya vitellina (Ascomycota, Hypocreales, Bionectriaceae), encountered in wheat fields in Turkey, is newly described on the basis of phylogenetic analyses, morphological characters and life-style related inferences. The species destructively parasitises eggs inside cysts of H. filipjevi. The parasitism was reproduced in in vitro studies. Infected eggs were found to harbour microsclerotia produced by I. vitellina that resemble long-term survival structures also known from other ascomycetes. Microsclerotia were also formed by this species in pure cultures obtained from both, solitarily isolated infected eggs obtained from fields and artificially infected eggs. Hyphae penetrating the eggshell colonised the interior of eggs and became transformed into multicellular, chlamydospore-like structures that developed into microsclerotia. When isolated on artificial media, microsclerotia germinated to produce multiple emerging hyphae. The specific nature of morphological structures produced by I. vitellina inside nematode eggs is interpreted as a unique mode of interaction allowing long-term survival of the fungus inside nematode cysts that are known to survive periods of drought or other harsh environmental conditions. Generic classification of the new species is based on molecular phylogenetic inferences using five different gene regions. I. vitellina is the only species of the genus known to parasitise nematodes and produce microsclerotia. Metabolomic analyses revealed that within the Ijuhya species studied here, only I. vitellina produces chaetoglobosin A and its derivate 19-O-acetylchaetoglobosin A. Nematicidal and nematode-inhibiting activities of these compounds have been demonstrated suggesting that the production of these compounds may represent an adaptation to nematode parasitism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samad Ashrafi
- Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI)—Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Braunschweig, Germany
- Department of Ecological Plant Protection, Faculty of Organic Agricultural Sciences, University of Kassel, Witzenhausen, Germany
| | - Soleiman Helaly
- Department Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research GmbH (HZI), Braunschweig, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | | | - Marc Stadler
- Department Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research GmbH (HZI), Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Katja R. Richert-Poeggeler
- Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI)—Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Abdelfattah A. Dababat
- CIMMYT (International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre), P.K.39 06511 Emek, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Wolfgang Maier
- Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI)—Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Braunschweig, Germany
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Ali MA, Azeem F, Abbas A, Joyia FA, Li H, Dababat AA. Transgenic Strategies for Enhancement of Nematode Resistance in Plants. Front Plant Sci 2017; 8:750. [PMID: 28536595 PMCID: PMC5422515 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Plant parasitic nematodes (PPNs) are obligate biotrophic parasites causing serious damage and reduction in crop yields. Several economically important genera parasitize various crop plants. The root-knot, root lesion, and cyst nematodes are the three most economically damaging genera of PPNs on crops within the family Heteroderidae. It is very important to devise various management strategies against PPNs in economically important crop plants. Genetic engineering has proven a promising tool for the development of biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants. Additionally, the genetic engineering leading to transgenic plants harboring nematode resistance genes has demonstrated its significance in the field of plant nematology. Here, we have discussed the use of genetic engineering for the development of nematode resistance in plants. This review article also provides a detailed account of transgenic strategies for the resistance against PPNs. The strategies include natural resistance genes, cloning of proteinase inhibitor coding genes, anti-nematodal proteins and use of RNA interference to suppress nematode effectors. Furthermore, the manipulation of expression levels of genes induced and suppressed by nematodes has also been suggested as an innovative approach for inducing nematode resistance in plants. The information in this article will provide an array of possibilities to engineer resistance against PPNs in different crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad A. Ali
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of AgricultureFaisalabad, Pakistan
- Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of AgricultureFaisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Farrukh Azeem
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College UniversityFaisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Abbas
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of AgricultureFaisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Faiz A. Joyia
- Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of AgricultureFaisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hongjie Li
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing, China
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Dababat AA, Ferney GBH, Erginbas-Orakci G, Dreisigacker S, Imren M, Toktay H, Elekcioglu HI, Mekete T, Nicol JM, Ansari O, Ogbonnaya F. Association analysis of resistance to cereal cyst nematodes ( Heterodera avenae) and root lesion nematodes ( Pratylenchus neglectus and P. thornei) in CIMMYT advanced spring wheat lines for semi-arid conditions. Breed Sci 2016; 66:692-702. [PMID: 28163585 PMCID: PMC5282747 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.15158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
To identify loci linked to nematode resistance genes, a total of 126 of CIMMYT advanced spring wheat lines adapted to semi-arid conditions were screened for resistance to Heterodera avenae, Pratylenchus neglectus, and P. thornei, of which 107 lines were genotyped with 1,310 DArT. Association of DArT markers with nematode response was analyzed using the general linear model. Results showed that 11 markers were associated with resistance to H. avenae (pathotype Ha21), 25 markers with resistance to P. neglectus, and 9 significant markers were identified to be linked with resistance to P. thornei. In this work we confirmed that chromosome 4A (~90-105 cM) can be a source of resistance to P. thornei as has been recently reported. Other significant markers were also identified on chromosomal regions where no resistant genes have been reported for both nematodes species. These novel QTL were mapped to chromosomes 5A, 6A, and 7A for H. avenae; on chromosomes 1A, 1B, 3A, 3B, 6B, 7AS, and 7D for P. neglectus; and on chromosomes 1D, 2A, and 5B for P. thornei and represent potentially new loci linked to resistance that may be useful for selecting parents and deploying resistance into elite germplasm adapted to regions where nematodes are causing problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelfattah A. Dababat
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT),
P.K. 39 Emek, 06511 Ankara,
Turkey
- Corresponding author (e-mail: )
| | | | - Gul Erginbas-Orakci
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT),
P.K. 39 Emek, 06511 Ankara,
Turkey
| | | | - Mustafa Imren
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Abant Izzet Baysal,
Bolu,
Turkey
| | - Halil Toktay
- Department of Plant Production and Technologies, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, University of Nigde,
Nigde,
Turkey
| | | | - Tesfamariam Mekete
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida,
Florida,
USA
| | - Julie M. Nicol
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT),
P.K. 39 Emek, 06511 Ankara,
Turkey
| | - Omid Ansari
- Grains Research & Development Corporation (GRDC),
4/4 National Circuit Barton 2600 ACT,
Australia
| | - Francis Ogbonnaya
- Grains Research & Development Corporation (GRDC),
4/4 National Circuit Barton 2600 ACT,
Australia
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Pariyar SR, Dababat AA, Sannemann W, Erginbas-Orakci G, Elashry A, Siddique S, Morgounov A, Leon J, Grundler FMW. Genome-Wide Association Study in Wheat Identifies Resistance to the Cereal Cyst Nematode Heterodera filipjevi. Phytopathology 2016; 106:1128-1138. [PMID: 27552283 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-02-16-0054-fi] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The cyst nematode Heterodera filipjevi is a plant parasite causing substantial yield loss in wheat. Resistant cultivars are the preferred method of controlling cyst nematodes. Association mapping is a powerful approach to detect associations between phenotypic variation and genetic polymorphisms; in this way favorable traits such as resistance to pathogens can be located. Therefore, a genome-wide association study of 161 winter wheat accessions was performed with a 90K iSelect single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip. Population structure analysis grouped into two major subgroups and first principal component accounted 6.16% for phenotypic diversity. The genome-wide linkage disequilibrium across wheat was 3 cM. Eleven quantitative trait loci (QTLs) on chromosomes 1AL, 2AS, 2BL, 3AL, 3BL, 4AS, 4AL, 5BL, and 7BL were identified using a mixed linear model false discovery rate of P < 0.01 that explained 43% of total genetic variation. This is the first report of QTLs conferring resistance to H. filipjevi in wheat. Eight QTLs on chromosomes 1AL, 2AS, 2BL, 3AL, 4AL, and 5BL were linked to putative genes known to be involved in plant-pathogen interactions. Two other QTLs on 3BL and one QTL on 7BL linked to putative genes known to be involved in abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shree R Pariyar
- First, fifth, sixth, and ninth authors: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten Strasse 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany; second, fourth, and seventh authors: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), P.K. 39 06511, Emek, Ankara, Turkey; third and eighth authors: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Plant Breeding, Katzenburgweg; and fifth author: Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Agricultural genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), 9 Gama Street, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Abdelfattah A Dababat
- First, fifth, sixth, and ninth authors: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten Strasse 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany; second, fourth, and seventh authors: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), P.K. 39 06511, Emek, Ankara, Turkey; third and eighth authors: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Plant Breeding, Katzenburgweg; and fifth author: Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Agricultural genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), 9 Gama Street, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Wiebke Sannemann
- First, fifth, sixth, and ninth authors: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten Strasse 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany; second, fourth, and seventh authors: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), P.K. 39 06511, Emek, Ankara, Turkey; third and eighth authors: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Plant Breeding, Katzenburgweg; and fifth author: Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Agricultural genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), 9 Gama Street, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Gul Erginbas-Orakci
- First, fifth, sixth, and ninth authors: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten Strasse 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany; second, fourth, and seventh authors: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), P.K. 39 06511, Emek, Ankara, Turkey; third and eighth authors: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Plant Breeding, Katzenburgweg; and fifth author: Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Agricultural genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), 9 Gama Street, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Abdelnaser Elashry
- First, fifth, sixth, and ninth authors: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten Strasse 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany; second, fourth, and seventh authors: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), P.K. 39 06511, Emek, Ankara, Turkey; third and eighth authors: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Plant Breeding, Katzenburgweg; and fifth author: Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Agricultural genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), 9 Gama Street, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Shahid Siddique
- First, fifth, sixth, and ninth authors: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten Strasse 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany; second, fourth, and seventh authors: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), P.K. 39 06511, Emek, Ankara, Turkey; third and eighth authors: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Plant Breeding, Katzenburgweg; and fifth author: Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Agricultural genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), 9 Gama Street, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Alexei Morgounov
- First, fifth, sixth, and ninth authors: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten Strasse 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany; second, fourth, and seventh authors: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), P.K. 39 06511, Emek, Ankara, Turkey; third and eighth authors: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Plant Breeding, Katzenburgweg; and fifth author: Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Agricultural genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), 9 Gama Street, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Jens Leon
- First, fifth, sixth, and ninth authors: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten Strasse 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany; second, fourth, and seventh authors: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), P.K. 39 06511, Emek, Ankara, Turkey; third and eighth authors: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Plant Breeding, Katzenburgweg; and fifth author: Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Agricultural genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), 9 Gama Street, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Florian M W Grundler
- First, fifth, sixth, and ninth authors: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten Strasse 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany; second, fourth, and seventh authors: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), P.K. 39 06511, Emek, Ankara, Turkey; third and eighth authors: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Plant Breeding, Katzenburgweg; and fifth author: Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Agricultural genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), 9 Gama Street, Giza 12619, Egypt
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Pariyar SR, Dababat AA, Siddique S, Erginbas-Orakci G, Elashry A, Morgounov A, Grundler FM. Identification and characterisation of resistance to the cereal cyst nematode Heterodera filipjevi in winter wheat. NEMATOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1163/15685411-00002964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to search for new sources of resistance against the cereal cyst nematode,Heterodera filipjevi, in a collection of 290 wheat accessions. The plants were inoculated with juveniles and assessed for the number of females and cysts. One percent of the wheat accessions were ranked as resistant, 16% as moderately resistant, 41% as moderately susceptible, 26% as susceptible and 15% as highly susceptible. The infection rate and the number of females and cysts per plant were significantly lower in the resistant accession Nudakota and three moderately resistant accessions Ekonomka, Katea and Lantian 12 compared with susceptible cv. Bezostaya 1. Nematode development was reduced in resistant and moderately resistant accessions. The size of females and the total number of eggs and second-stage juveniles were reduced only in Ekonomka. No significant difference in plant height, plant weight, root length, root weight and root volume were recorded for inoculated plants compared to non-inoculated plants. This study has identified four resistant wheat accessions offering new material for breeding the resistance toH. filipjevi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shree R. Pariyar
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Straße 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Abdelfattah A. Dababat
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), 39 06511 Emek, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Shahid Siddique
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Straße 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Gul Erginbas-Orakci
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), 39 06511 Emek, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Abdelnaser Elashry
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Straße 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
- Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGER), 9 Gamaa Street, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Alexei Morgounov
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), 39 06511 Emek, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Florian M.W. Grundler
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Straße 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
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Tulek A, Kepenekci I, Cifticigil TH, Ozturk I, Akin K, Seidi M, Yildirim M, Dababat AA. Effects of seed-gall nematode, Anguina tritici, on bread wheat grain characteristics and yields in Turkey. NEMATOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1163/15685411-00002926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The effects of Anguina tritici on wheat yields and agronomic components were investigated at Thrace Agricultural Research Institute, Turkey, during the 2013 and 2014 growing seasons. Evaluations during 2013 focused on the wheat cv. Pehlivan, which is widely cultivated in Turkey. In this cultivar, A. tritici led to a grain infection in infected spikes of 0-100%, with an average of 61.8%. In 2014, yield losses caused by A. tritici were investigated in four wheat cvs, Pehlivan, Selimiye, Gelibolu and Kate-A. Results indicated that there were significant yield losses averaging 55% in plots infested with A. tritici (average yields = 3.74 t ha−1), as compared to control plots (average yields = 8.38 t ha−1). Yield losses in the four wheat cvs Kate-A, Pehlivan, Selimiye and Gelibolu were estimated as 51.3, 53.2, 56.6 and 59.6%, respectively, with seed infection levels by A. tritici of 21.4, 20.9, 24.4 and 18.3%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Tulek
- Thrace Agricultural Research Institute, 22100 Edirne, Turkey
| | - Ilker Kepenekci
- Gaziosmanpaşa University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection, Taşlıçiftlik, 60250 Tokat, Turkey
| | | | - Irfan Ozturk
- Thrace Agricultural Research Institute, 22100 Edirne, Turkey
| | - Kemal Akin
- Thrace Agricultural Research Institute, 22100 Edirne, Turkey
| | - Melis Seidi
- Thrace Agricultural Research Institute, 22100 Edirne, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Yildirim
- Gumushane University, Siran Mustafa Beyaz Vocational High School, Şehit Hakan Street, Hoca Ahmet Yesevi Road, 29700 Şiran, Gümüşhane, Turkey
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Selim ME, Mahdy ME, Sorial ME, Dababat AA, Sikora RA. Biological and chemical dependent systemic resistance and their significance for the control of root-knot nematodes. NEMATOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1163/15685411-00002818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Inducing host plant-based systemic resistance is one of the modes of action involved in tri-trophic interactions between host plants, pests and mutualistic microorganisms. Two different types of systemic resistance – systemic acquired resistance (SAR) and induced systemic resistance (ISR) – were found to be functional against pathogens and plant-parasitic nematodes. In this study, the ability of Trichoderma harzianum isolate T10 and insecticidal active neem powder (NP) to induce systemic resistance in tomato against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica was compared with salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) as standard elicitors for SAR and ISR, respectively. Results showed that, when the biotic and abiotic elicitors were applied to the inducer side of a split root plant system, a significant reduction in nematode infection was observed on the responder side. Physiological changes in the tomato plant due to the induction of SAR or ISA by these biotic and abiotic elicitors were further investigated using HPLC. Results demonstrated that T10 significantly increased the accumulation of different metabolites in the shoot of the tomato over the NP, JA and SA elicitors. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that several metabolic, physical and biochemical changes occurred in the shoots of the treated plants with both the biotic and abiotic elicitors. The percentage of membrane leakage (Ml) at nematode-infected tomato roots was significantly high, but the differences in percentage leakage were not significant in other treatments compared to the non-infested control. The best results were recorded with SA, T10 and NP, which gave the lowest MI% compared to the infested plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed E. Selim
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia University, Shibin El-Kom, Egypt
| | - Magdy E. Mahdy
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia University, Shibin El-Kom, Egypt
| | - Mervat E. Sorial
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia University, Shibin El-Kom, Egypt
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Pariyar SR, Dababat AA, Nicol JM, Sikora RA. Effect of different potting systems; inoculation time; nematode density and sources of cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera filipjevi) on juvenile penetration into wheat root system. Commun Agric Appl Biol Sci 2010; 75:479-485. [PMID: 21539268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Investigations were designed to optimize testing systems for screening wheat breeding lines for resistance to Heterodera filipjevi. The effects of: 1) plant potting systems 2) inoculum level and time of inoculation 3) and type of inoculum of H. filipjevi on detection accuracy were examined in growth chamber experiments in Turkey. The rate of nematode penetration in the highly susceptible variety Bezostaya was used as the base measurement of efficacy. The results showed that the highest level of penetration coupled with high level of germination was obtained in plastic tubes (13 cm long x 3 cm in diam.) when compared to both small flower pots (400 cm3) and smaller plastic tubes (10.2 cm long x 0.8 cm in diam.). The highest rate of nematode penetration into wheat root system was obtained by inoculating the seedlings with 1000 J2 per plant. However, inoculation with 200 J2 at sowing or 200 J2 at sowing plus an additional 200 J2 after germination improved percent penetration when compared to inoculation with 600 or 1000 J2/plant at sowing. The test on the optimum form of inoculum showed that inoculating the seedling with J2's gave the highest rate of nematode penetration over inoculum with eggs or cysts. The results of these experiments demonstrated that screening wheat for resistance can be optimized by raising the seedlings in plastic tubes and inoculating them with 400 J2.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Pariyar
- Soil- Ecosystem Phytopathology and Nematology, University of Bonn, Germany.
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Dababat AA, Sikora RA, Hauschild R. Use of Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma viride for the biological control of Meloidogyne incognita on tomato. Commun Agric Appl Biol Sci 2006; 71:953-61. [PMID: 17390844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma viride were tested for their capacity to reduce the incidence of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita on tomato. In vitro studies demonstrated that all tested isolates were effective in causing nematode mortality compared with the control. Trichoderma slightly reduced nematode damage to tomato in vivo. Treatment of the soil with the biocontrol agents before transplanting, improved control over treatment directly at transplanting. The Trichoderma isolates could not be re-isolated from the endorhiza, but were successfully re-isolated from the rhizosphere 45 days after fungal inoculation. Only slight increases in plant growth could be measured. The mutualistic endophyte F. oxysporum 162, used as positive control, was more effective in root-knot nematode biocontrol than the Trichoderma isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Dababat
- Soil Ecosystem Phytopathology and Nematology, INRES, Department for Plant Health, University of Bonn, Nussallee 9, DE-53115 Bonn, Germany.
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