1
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Ganglo C, Manfrin A, Mendoza-Lera C, Lorke A. Effects of chironomid larvae density and mosquito biocide on methane and carbon dioxide dynamics in freshwater sediments. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301913. [PMID: 38787834 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Small lentic water bodies are important emitters of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2), but the processes regulating their dynamics and susceptibility to human-induced stressors are not fully understood. Bioturbation by chironomid larvae has been proposed as a potentially important factor controlling the dynamics of both gases in aquatic sediments. Chironomid abundance can be affected by the application of biocides for mosquito control, such as Bti (Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis). Previous research has attributed increases in CH4 and CO2 emissions after Bti application to reduced bioturbation by chironomids. In this study, we separately tested the effect of chironomid bioturbation and Bti addition on CH4 production and emission from natural sediments. In a set of 15 microcosms, we compared CH4 and CO2 emission and production rates with high and low densities of chironomid larvae at the bioturbating stage, and standard and five times (5x) standard Bti dose, with control sediments that contained neither chironomid larvae nor Bti. Regardless of larvae density, chironomid larvae did not affect CH4 nor CO2 emission and production of the sediment, although both rates were more variable in the treatments with organisms. 5xBti dosage, however, led to a more than three-fold increase in CH4 and CO2 production rates, likely stimulated by bioavailable dissolved carbon in the Bti excipient and priming effects. Our results suggest weak effects of bioturbating chironomid larvae on the CH4 and CO2 dynamics in aquatic ecosystems. Furthermore, our results point out towards potential functional implications of Bti for carbon cycling beyond those mediated by changes in the macroinvertebrate community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Ganglo
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Alessandro Manfrin
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Clara Mendoza-Lera
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Andreas Lorke
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau, Germany
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2
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Rovelli L, Mendoza-Lera C, Manfrin A. Organic Matter Accumulation and Hydrology as Drivers of Greenhouse Gas Dynamics in Newly Developed Artificial Channels. Environ Sci Technol 2024; 58:8360-8371. [PMID: 38701334 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c00921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Artificial channels, common features of inland waters, have been suggested as significant contributors to methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) dynamics and emissions; however, the magnitude and drivers of their CH4 and CO2 emissions (diffusive and ebullitive) remain unclear. They are characterized by reduced flow compared to the donor river, which results in suspended organic matter (OM) accumulation. We propose that in such systems hydrological controls will be reduced and OM accumulation will control emissions by promoting methane production and outgassing. Here, we monitored summertime CH4 and CO2 concentrations and emissions on six newly constructed river-fed artificial channels, from bare riparian mineral soil to lotic channels, under two distinct flow regimes. Chamber-based fluxes were complemented with hydrology, total fluxes (diffusion + ebullition), and suspended OM accumulation assessments. During the first 6 weeks after the flooding, inflowing riverine water dominated the emissions over in-channel contributions. Afterwards, a substantial accumulation of riverine suspended OM (≥50% of the channel's volume) boosted in-channel methane production and led to widespread ebullition 10× higher than diffusive fluxes, regardless of the flow regime. Our finding suggests ebullition as a dominant pathway in these anthropogenic systems, and thus, their impact on regional methane emissions might have been largely underestimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Rovelli
- iES─Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau (RPTU), Landau D-76829, Germany
| | - Clara Mendoza-Lera
- iES─Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau (RPTU), Landau D-76829, Germany
| | - Alessandro Manfrin
- iES─Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau (RPTU), Landau D-76829, Germany
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3
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Juvigny-Khenafou NPD, Burgazzi G, Steiner N, Harvey E, Terui A, Piggott J, Manfrin A, Feckler A, Leese F, Schäfer RB. Effects of flow reduction and artificial light at night (ALAN) on litter decomposition and invertebrate communities in streams: A flume experiment. Sci Total Environ 2024; 912:168836. [PMID: 38016568 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
River ecosystems are heavily impacted by multiple stressors, where effects can cascade downstream of point sources. However, a spatial approach to assess the effects of multiple stressors is missing. We assessed the local and downstream effects on litter decomposition, and associated invertebrate communities of two stressors: flow reduction and artificial light at night (ALAN). We used an 18-flow-through mesocosm system consisting of two tributaries, where we applied the stressors, merging in a downstream section. We assessed the changes in decomposition rate and invertebrate community structure in leaf bags. We found no effect of ALAN or its interaction with flow reduction on the litter decomposition or the invertebrate community in the tributaries. Flow reduction alone led to a 14.8 % reduction in decomposition rate in the tributaries. We recorded no effect of flow reduction on the macroinvertebrates community composition in the litter bags. We also observed no effects of the spatial arrangement of the stressors on the litter decomposition and macroinvertebrate community structure downstream. Overall, our results suggest the impact of stressors on litter decomposition and macroinvertebrate communities remained local in our experiment. Our work thus calls for further studies to identify the mechanisms and the conditions under which spatial effects dominate over local processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noël P D Juvigny-Khenafou
- iES, Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau in der Pfalz, Germany.
| | - Gemma Burgazzi
- iES, Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau in der Pfalz, Germany
| | - Nikita Steiner
- iES, Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau in der Pfalz, Germany
| | - Eric Harvey
- Centre de Recherche sur les Interactions Bassins-Versants, Écosystèmes Aquatiques (RIVE) Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Canada
| | - Akira Terui
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, USA
| | - Jeremy Piggott
- Trinity Centre for the Environment & Discipline of Zoology, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Alessandro Manfrin
- iES, Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau in der Pfalz, Germany
| | - Alexander Feckler
- iES, Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau in der Pfalz, Germany; Eußerthal Ecosystem Research Station, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau in der Pfalz, Germany
| | - Florian Leese
- Aquatic Ecosystem Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ralf B Schäfer
- iES, Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau in der Pfalz, Germany
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4
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Pietz S, Kolbenschlag S, Röder N, Roodt AP, Steinmetz Z, Manfrin A, Schwenk K, Schulz R, Schäfer RB, Zubrod JP, Bundschuh M. Subsidy Quality Affects Common Riparian Web-Building Spiders: Consequences of Aquatic Contamination and Food Resource. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023; 42:1346-1358. [PMID: 36946335 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic stressors can affect the emergence of aquatic insects. These insects link aquatic and adjacent terrestrial food webs, serving as high-quality subsidy to terrestrial consumers, such as spiders. While previous studies have demonstrated that changes in the emergence biomass and timing may propagate across ecosystem boundaries, the physiological consequences of altered subsidy quality for spiders are largely unknown. We used a model food chain to study the potential effects of subsidy quality: Tetragnatha spp. were exclusively fed with emergent Chironomus riparius cultured in the absence or presence of either copper (Cu), Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (Bti), or a mixture of synthetic pesticides paired with two basal resources (Spirulina vs. TetraMin®) of differing quality in terms of fatty acid (FA) composition. Basal resources shaped the FA profile of chironomids, whereas their effect on the FA profile of spiders decreased, presumably due to the capacity of both chironomids and spiders to modify (dietary) FA. In contrast, aquatic contaminants had negligible effects on prey FA profiles but reduced the content of physiologically important polyunsaturated FAs, such as 20:4n-6 (arachidonic acid) and 20:5n-3 (eicosapentaenoic acid), in spiders by approximately 30% in Cu and Bti treatments. This may have contributed to the statistically significant decline (40%-50%) in spider growth. The observed effects in spiders are likely related to prey nutritional quality because biomass consumption by spiders was, because of our experimental design, constant. Analyses of additional parameters that describe the nutritional quality for consumers such as proteins, carbohydrates, and the retention of contaminants may shed further light on the underlying mechanisms. Our results highlight that aquatic contaminants can affect the physiology of riparian spiders, likely by altering subsidy quality, with potential implications for terrestrial food webs. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:1346-1358. © 2023 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Pietz
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Sara Kolbenschlag
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Nina Röder
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Alexis P Roodt
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Zacharias Steinmetz
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Alessandro Manfrin
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Klaus Schwenk
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Ralf Schulz
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Ralf B Schäfer
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Jochen P Zubrod
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau, Germany
- Zubrod Environmental Data Science, Landau, Germany
| | - Mirco Bundschuh
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau, Germany
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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5
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Chimeno C, Rulik B, Manfrin A, Kalinkat G, Hölker F, Baranov V. Facing the infinity: tackling large samples of challenging Chironomidae (Diptera) with an integrative approach. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15336. [PMID: 37250705 PMCID: PMC10211366 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Integrative taxonomy is becoming ever more significant in biodiversity research as scientists are tackling increasingly taxonomically challenging groups. Implementing a combined approach not only guarantees more accurate species identification, but also helps overcome limitations that each method presents when applied on its own. In this study, we present one application of integrative taxonomy for the highly abundant and particularly diverse fly taxon Chironomidae (Diptera). Although non-biting midges are key organisms in merolimnic systems, they are often cast aside in ecological surveys because they are very challenging to identify and extremely abundant. Methods Here, we demonstrate one way of applying integrative methods to tackle this highly diverse taxon. We present a three-level subsampling method to drastically reduce the workload of bulk sample processing, then apply morphological and molecular identification methods in parallel to evaluate species diversity and to examine inconsistencies across methods. Results Our results suggest that using our subsampling approach, identifying less than 10% of a sample's contents can reliably detect >90% of its diversity. However, despite reducing the processing workload drastically, the performance of our taxonomist was affected by mistakes, caused by large amounts of material. We conducted misidentifications for 9% of vouchers, which may not have been recovered had we not applied a second identification method. On the other hand, we were able to provide species information in cases where molecular methods could not, which was the case for 14% of vouchers. Therefore, we conclude that when wanting to implement non-biting midges into ecological frameworks, it is imperative to use an integrative approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Chimeno
- Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany
| | - Björn Rulik
- Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change (LIB), Bonn, Germany
| | - Alessandro Manfrin
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, iES Landau, RPTU University of Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Gregor Kalinkat
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Franz Hölker
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Viktor Baranov
- Estación Biológica de Doñana-CSIC/Doñana Biological Station-CSIC, Seville, Spain
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6
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Manfrin A, Pilotto F, Larsen S, Tonkin JD, Lorenz AW, Haase P, Stoll S. Taxonomic and functional reorganization in Central European stream macroinvertebrate communities over 25 years. Sci Total Environ 2023; 889:164278. [PMID: 37211117 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Climate warming can lead to a replacement of species that favour cold temperatures by species that favour warm temperatures. However, the implications of such thermic shifts for the functioning of ecosystems remain poorly understood. Here, we used stream macroinvertebrate biological and ecological traits to quantify the relative contribution of cold, intermediate and warm temperature-adapted taxa to changes in community functional diversity (FD) using a dataset of 3781 samples collected in Central Europe over 25 years, from 1990 to 2014. Our analyses indicated that functional diversity of stream macroinvertebrate communities increased over the study period. This gain was driven by a net 39 % increase in the richness of taxa that favour intermediate temperatures, which comprise the highest share in the community, and to a 97 % increase in the richness of taxa that favour warm temperatures. These warm temperature-adapted taxa displayed a distinct and more diverse suite of functional traits compared to the cold temperature-adapted group and thus contributed disproportionately to local FD on a per-taxon basis. At the same time, taxonomic beta-diversity declined significantly within each thermal group, in association with increasing local taxon richness. This study shows that over recent decades, small low-mountain streams in Central Europe have experienced a process of thermophilization and increasing functional diversity at local scales. However, a progressive homogenisation occurred at the regional scale, with communities converging towards similar taxonomic composition. As the reported increase in local functional diversity can be attributed mostly to the intermediate temperature-adapted taxa and a few expanding warm temperature-adapted taxa, these patterns could mask more subtle loss of sensitive cold temperature-adapted taxa with irreplaceable functional traits. In light of increasing climate warming, preservation of cold habitat refuges, should be considered a priority in river conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Manfrin
- RPTU University of Kaiserslautern-Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Fortstrasse 7, 76829 Landau/Pfalz, Germany; University of Applied Sciences Trier, Environmental Campus Birkenfeld, Post Box 1380, 55761 Birkenfeld, Germany; University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Biology, Universitätsstrasse 5, D-45141 Essen, Germany.
| | - Francesca Pilotto
- Environmental Archaeology Lab, Department of Historical, Philosophical and Religious Studies, Umeå University, Biblioteksgränd 3, 907 36 Umeå, Sweden; Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Sognsveien 68, 0855 Oslo, Norway
| | - Stefano Larsen
- Unit of Computational Biology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all' Adige, Italy
| | - Jonathan D Tonkin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand; Te Pūnaha Matatini, Centre of Research Excellence in Complex Systems, New Zealand; Bioprotection Aotearoa, Centre of Research Excellence, Lincoln University, 7647, Post Box 85084, Canterbury, New Zealand
| | - Armin W Lorenz
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Biology, Universitätsstrasse 5, D-45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Peter Haase
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Biology, Universitätsstrasse 5, D-45141 Essen, Germany; Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Clamecystraße 12, 63571 Gelnhausen, Germany
| | - Stefan Stoll
- University of Applied Sciences Trier, Environmental Campus Birkenfeld, Post Box 1380, 55761 Birkenfeld, Germany; University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Biology, Universitätsstrasse 5, D-45141 Essen, Germany
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7
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Ganglo C, Mendoza-Lera C, Manfrin A, Bolpagni R, Gerstle V, Kolbenschlag S, Bollinger E, Schulz R, Lorke A. Does biocide treatment for mosquito control alter carbon dynamics in floodplain ponds? Sci Total Environ 2023; 872:161978. [PMID: 36739014 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Shallow lentic aquatic ecosystems, such as ponds, are important repositories of carbon (C) and hotspots of C cycling and greenhouse gas emission. Tube-dwelling benthic invertebrates, such as chironomids, may be key players in C dynamics in these water bodies, yet their role in the C-budget at ecosystem level remains unclear. We tested whether a 41 % reduction in chironomid abundance after application of the mosquito control biocide Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti) had implications for the C-fluxes to the atmosphere, C-pools, and C-transformation (i.e. organic matter decomposition) in ponds. Data were collected over one year in the shallow, deep and riparian zones of 12 experimental floodplain pond mesocosms (FPMs), half of them treated with Bti. C-fluxes were measured as CO2 and CH4 emissions, atmospheric deposition, and emerging insects. C-pools were measured as dissolved inorganic and organic C in surface and porewater, sediment organic C, C in plant and in macroinvertebrate biomass. Despite seasonal variability, treated FPMs, for which higher CH4 emissions have been reported, showed a trend towards less dissolved organic C in porewater, while no effect was observed for all remaining components of the C-budget. We attribute the effect of Bti on the C-budget to the reduction in macroinvertebrates biomass, the increase in CH4 emissions, and the input of C from the Bti excipients. This finding suggests that changes in tube-dwelling macroinvertebrates have a weak influence on C cycling in ponds and confirms the existence of long-lasting effects of Bti on specific components of C-budgets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Ganglo
- RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Fortstr. 7, D-76829 Landau, Germany.
| | - Clara Mendoza-Lera
- RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Fortstr. 7, D-76829 Landau, Germany
| | - Alessandro Manfrin
- RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Fortstr. 7, D-76829 Landau, Germany
| | - Rossano Bolpagni
- University of Parma, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Parco Area delle Scienze 33/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Verena Gerstle
- RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Fortstr. 7, D-76829 Landau, Germany
| | - Sara Kolbenschlag
- RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Fortstr. 7, D-76829 Landau, Germany
| | - Eric Bollinger
- RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Fortstr. 7, D-76829 Landau, Germany
| | - Ralf Schulz
- RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Fortstr. 7, D-76829 Landau, Germany
| | - Andreas Lorke
- RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Fortstr. 7, D-76829 Landau, Germany
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8
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Gerstle V, Solanki P, Manfrin A, Kolbenschlag S, Brühl CA. Stress Response of European Common Frog (Rana temporaria) Tadpoles to Bti Exposure in an Outdoor Pond Mesocosm. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2023; 110:70. [PMID: 36959482 PMCID: PMC10036417 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-023-03708-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The biocide Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (Bti) is applied to wetlands to control nuisance by mosquitoes. Amphibians inhabiting these wetlands can be exposed to Bti multiple times, potentially inducing oxidative stress in developing tadpoles. For biochemical stress responses, ambient water temperature plays a key role. Therefore, we exposed tadpoles of the European common frog (Rana temporaria) three times to field-relevant doses of Bti in outdoor floodplain pond mesocosms (FPM) under natural environmental conditions. We sampled tadpoles after each Bti application over the course of a 51-day experiment (April to June 2021) and investigated the activity of the glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and protein carbonyl content as a measure for detoxification activity and oxidative damage. GST activity increased over the course of the experiment likely due to a general increase of water temperature. We did not observe an effect of Bti on either of the investigated biomarkers under natural ambient temperatures. However, Bti-induced effects may be concealed by the generally low water temperatures in our FPMs, particularly at the first application in April, when we expected the highest effect on the most sensitive early stage tadpoles. In light of the global climate change, temperature-related effects of pesticides and biocides on tadpoles should be carefully monitored - in particular since they are known as one of the factors driving the worldwide decline of amphibian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Gerstle
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Fortstraße 7, D-76829, Landau, Germany.
| | - Priyanka Solanki
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Fortstraße 7, D-76829, Landau, Germany
| | - Alessandro Manfrin
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Fortstraße 7, D-76829, Landau, Germany
| | - Sara Kolbenschlag
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Fortstraße 7, D-76829, Landau, Germany
| | - Carsten A Brühl
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Fortstraße 7, D-76829, Landau, Germany
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9
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Osakpolor SE, Manfrin A, Leroux SJ, Schäfer RB. Cascading impacts of changes in subsidy quality on recipient ecosystem functioning. Ecology 2023; 104:e4023. [PMID: 36890684 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.4023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
The quantity and quality of resources can differ between adjacent ecosystems and these differences can impact subsidies exchanged between ecosystems. The quantity and quality of subsidies are rapidly changing in response to stressors associated with global environmental change, but while we have models to predict the effects of changes in subsidy quantity, we currently lack models to predict the effects of changes in subsidy quality on recipient ecosystem functioning. We developed a novel model to predict the effects of subsidy quality on recipient ecosystem biomass distribution, recycling, production, and efficiency. We parameterized the model for a case study of a riparian ecosystem subsidized by pulsed emergent aquatic insects. With this case study, we focus on a common measure of subsidy quality which differs between riparian and aquatic ecosystems; the higher content of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in aquatic ecosystems. We analyze how changes in the PUFA concentration of aquatic subsidies affect the dynamics in biomass stocks and functions of the riparian ecosystem. We also conducted a global sensitivity analysis to identify key drivers of subsidy impacts. Our analysis shows that subsidy quality increases the functioning of the recipient ecosystem. Recycling increases stronger than production per unit subsidy quality increase, which means there is a threshold where an increase in subsidy quality led to stronger effects of subsidies on recycling relative to production of recipient ecosystem. Our predictions were most sensitive to basal nutrient input, highlighting the relevance of recipient ecosystem nutrient levels to understanding the effects of ecosystem connections. We argue that recipient ecosystems that rely on high quality subsidies, such as aquatic-terrestrial ecotones are highly sensitive to changes in subsidy-recipient ecosystem connections. Our novel model unifies the subsidy hypothesis and food quality hypothesis and provides testable predictions to understand the effects of ecosystem connections on ecosystem functioning under global changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen E Osakpolor
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU University of Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Alessandro Manfrin
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU University of Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Shawn J Leroux
- Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Ralf B Schäfer
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU University of Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau, Germany
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10
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Pietz S, Kainz MJ, Schröder H, Manfrin A, Schäfer RB, Zubrod JP, Bundschuh M. Metal Exposure and Sex Shape the Fatty Acid Profile of Midges and Reduce the Aquatic Subsidy to Terrestrial Food Webs. Environ Sci Technol 2023; 57:951-962. [PMID: 36599118 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c05495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic micropollutants can be transported to terrestrial systems and their consumers by emergent aquatic insects. However, micropollutants, such as metals, may also affect the flux of physiologically important polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). As certain PUFAs have been linked to physiological fitness and breeding success of terrestrial consumers, reduced fluxes from aquatic systems could affect terrestrial populations and food webs. We chronically exposed larvae of the aquatic insect Chironomus riparius to a range of environmentally relevant sediment contents of cadmium (Cd) or copper (Cu) in a 28-day microcosm study. Since elevated water temperatures can enhance metals' toxic effects, we used two temperature regimes, control and periodically elevated temperatures (heat waves) reflecting an aspect of climate change. Cd and Cu significantly reduced adult emergence by up to 95% and 45%, respectively, while elevated temperatures had negligible effects. Both metal contents were strongly reduced (∼90%) during metamorphosis. Furthermore, the chironomid FA profile was significantly altered during metamorphosis with the factors sex and metal exposure being relevant predictors. Consequently, fluxes of physiologically important PUFAs by emergent adults were reduced by up to ∼80%. Our results suggest that considering fluxes of physiologically important compounds, such as PUFAs, by emergent aquatic insects is important to understand the implications of aquatic micropollutants on aquatic-terrestrial meta-ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Pietz
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau (RPTU), Fortstraße 7, D-76829 Landau, Germany
| | - Martin J Kainz
- WasserCluster Lunz - Biologische Station, Dr. Carl Kupelwieser Promenade 5, A-3293 Lunz am See, Austria
| | - Henning Schröder
- Federal Institute of Hydrology, Am Mainzer Tor 1, D-56068 Koblenz, Germany
| | - Alessandro Manfrin
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau (RPTU), Fortstraße 7, D-76829 Landau, Germany
| | - Ralf B Schäfer
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau (RPTU), Fortstraße 7, D-76829 Landau, Germany
| | - Jochen P Zubrod
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau (RPTU), Fortstraße 7, D-76829 Landau, Germany
- Zubrod Environmental Data Science, Friesenstraße 20, D-76829 Landau, Germany
| | - Mirco Bundschuh
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau (RPTU), Fortstraße 7, D-76829 Landau, Germany
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden
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11
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Gerstle V, Manfrin A, Kolbenschlag S, Gerken M, Islam ASMMU, Entling MH, Bundschuh M, Brühl CA. Benthic macroinvertebrate community shifts based on Bti-induced chironomid reduction also decrease Odonata emergence. Environ Pollut 2023; 316:120488. [PMID: 36306884 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Chironomid larvae (Diptera: Chironomidae) often dominate aquatic macroinvertebrate communities and are a key food source for many aquatic predators, such as dragonfly and damselfly larvae (Odonata). Changes in aquatic macroinvertebrate communities may propagate through terrestrial food webs via altered insect emergence. Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti)-based larvicides are widely used in mosquito control but can also reduce the abundance of non-biting chironomid larvae. We applied the maximum field rate of Bti used in mosquito control three times to six mesocosms in a replicated floodplain pond mesocosm (FPM) system in spring for two consecutive years, while the remaining six FPMs were untreated. Three weeks after the third Bti application in the first year, we recorded on average a 41% reduction of chironomid larvae in Bti-treated FPMs compared to untreated FPMs and a shift in benthic macroinvertebrate community composition driven by the reduced number of chironomid, Libellulidae and Coenagrionidae larvae (Odonata). Additionally, the number of emerging Libellulidae (estimated by sampling of exuviae in the second year) was reduced by 54% in Bti-treated FPMs. Since Odonata larvae are not directly susceptible to Bti, our results suggest indirect effects due to reduced prey availability (i.e., chironomid larvae) or increased intraguild predation. As Libellulidae include species of conservation concern, the necessity of Bti applications to their habitats, e.g. floodplains, should be carefully evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Gerstle
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, iES Landau, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstraße 7, D-76829, Landau, Germany.
| | - Alessandro Manfrin
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, iES Landau, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstraße 7, D-76829, Landau, Germany
| | - Sara Kolbenschlag
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, iES Landau, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstraße 7, D-76829, Landau, Germany
| | - Maximilian Gerken
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, iES Landau, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstraße 7, D-76829, Landau, Germany; Eußerthal Ecosystem Research Station, University of Koblenz-Landau, Birkenthalstraße 13, D-76857, Eußerthal, Germany
| | - A S M Mufachcher Ul Islam
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, iES Landau, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstraße 7, D-76829, Landau, Germany
| | - Martin H Entling
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, iES Landau, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstraße 7, D-76829, Landau, Germany
| | - Mirco Bundschuh
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, iES Landau, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstraße 7, D-76829, Landau, Germany; Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Lennart Hjelms väg 9, SWE-75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Carsten A Brühl
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, iES Landau, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstraße 7, D-76829, Landau, Germany
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12
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Ossola R, Gruseck R, Houska J, Manfrin A, Vallieres M, McNeill K. Photochemical Production of Carbon Monoxide from Dissolved Organic Matter: Role of Lignin Methoxyarene Functional Groups. Environ Sci Technol 2022; 56:13449-13460. [PMID: 36054115 PMCID: PMC9494748 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c03762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) is the second most abundant identified product of dissolved organic matter (DOM) photodegradation after CO2, but its formation mechanism remains unknown. Previous work showed that aqueous photodegradation of methoxy-substituted aromatics (ArOCH3) produces CO considerably more efficiently than aromatic carbonyls. Following on this precedent, we propose that the methoxy aromatic groups of lignin act as the C source for the photochemical formation of CO from terrestrial DOM via a two-step pathway: formal hydrolytic demethylation to methanol and methanol oxidation to CO. To test the reasonableness of this mechanism, we investigated the photochemistry of eight lignin model compounds. We first observed that initial CO production rates are positively correlated with initial substrate degradation rates only for models containing at least one ArOCH3 group, regardless of other structural features. We then confirmed that all ArOCH3-containing substrates undergo formal hydrolytic demethylation by detecting methanol and the corresponding phenolic transformation products. Finally, we showed that hydroxyl radicals, likely oxidants to initiate methanol oxidation to CO, form during irradiation of all models. This work proposes an explicit mechanism linking ubiquitous, abundant, and easily quantifiable DOM functionalities to CO photoproduction. Our results further hint that methanol may be an abundant (yet overlooked) DOM photoproduct and a likely precursor of formaldehyde, formic acid, and CO2 and that lignin photodegradation may represent a source of hydroxyl radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachele Ossola
- Department
of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Richard Gruseck
- Department
of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Joanna Houska
- Eawag
Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
- School
of Architecture, Civil, and Environmental Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Manfrin
- Department
of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Morgan Vallieres
- Department
of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Kristopher McNeill
- Department
of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
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13
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Roodt AP, Röder N, Pietz S, Kolbenschlag S, Manfrin A, Schwenk K, Bundschuh M, Schulz R. Emerging Midges Transport Pesticides from Aquatic to Terrestrial Ecosystems: Importance of Compound- and Organism-Specific Parameters. Environ Sci Technol 2022; 56:5478-5488. [PMID: 35441504 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c08079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Emerging aquatic insects have the potential to retain aquatic contaminants after metamorphosis, potentially transporting them into adjacent terrestrial food webs. It is unknown whether this transfer is also relevant for current-use pesticides. We exposed larvae of the nonbiting midge, Chironomus riparius, to a sublethal pulse of a mixture of nine moderately polar fungicides and herbicides (logKow 2.5-4.7) at three field relevant treatment levels (1.2-2.5, 17.5-35.0, or 50.0-100.0 μg/L). We then assessed the pesticide bioaccumulation and bioamplification over the full aquatic-terrestrial life cycle of both sexes including the egg laying of adult females. By applying sensitive LC-MS/MS analysis to small sample volumes (∼5 mg, dry weight), we detected all pesticides in larvae from all treatment levels (2.8-1019 ng/g), five of the pesticides in the adults from the lowest treatment level and eight in the higher treatment levels (1.5-3615 ng/g). Retention of the pesticides through metamorphosis was not predictable based solely on pesticide lipophilicity. Sex-specific differences in adult insect pesticide concentrations were significant for five of the pesticides, with greater concentrations in females for four of them. Over the duration of the adults' lifespan, pesticide concentrations generally decreased in females while persisting in males. Our results suggest that a low to moderate daily dietary exposure to these pesticides may be possible for tree swallow nestlings and insectivorous bats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis P Roodt
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstrasse 7, 76829 Landau in der Pfalz, Germany
| | - Nina Röder
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstrasse 7, 76829 Landau in der Pfalz, Germany
| | - Sebastian Pietz
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstrasse 7, 76829 Landau in der Pfalz, Germany
| | - Sara Kolbenschlag
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstrasse 7, 76829 Landau in der Pfalz, Germany
| | - Alessandro Manfrin
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstrasse 7, 76829 Landau in der Pfalz, Germany
| | - Klaus Schwenk
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstrasse 7, 76829 Landau in der Pfalz, Germany
| | - Mirco Bundschuh
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstrasse 7, 76829 Landau in der Pfalz, Germany
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Lennart Hjelms väg 9, SWE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ralf Schulz
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstrasse 7, 76829 Landau in der Pfalz, Germany
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14
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Stehle S, Manfrin A, Feckler A, Graf T, Joschko TJ, Jupke J, Noss C, Rösch V, Schirmel J, Schmidt T, Zubrod JP, Schulz R. Structural and functional development of twelve newly established floodplain pond mesocosms. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e8674. [PMID: 35309751 PMCID: PMC8902662 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ecosystems are complex structures with interacting abiotic and biotic processes evolving with ongoing succession. However, limited knowledge exists on the very initial phase of ecosystem development and colonization. Here, we report results of a comprehensive ecosystem development monitoring for twelve floodplain pond mesocosms (FPM; 23.5 m × 7.5 m × 1.5 m each) located in south‐western Germany. In total, 20 abiotic and biotic parameters, including structural and functional variables, were monitored for 21 months after establishment of the FPMs. The results showed evolving ecosystem development and primary succession in all FPMs, with fluctuating abiotic conditions over time. Principal component analyses and redundancy analyses revealed season and succession time (i.e., time since ecosystem establishment) to be significant drivers of changes in environmental conditions. Initial colonization of both aquatic (i.e., water bodies) and terrestrial (i.e., riparian land areas) parts of the pond ecosystems occurred within the first month, with subsequent season‐specific increases in richness and abundance for aquatic and terrestrial taxa over the entire study period. Abiotic environmental conditions and aquatic and terrestrial communities showed increasing interpond variations over time, that is, increasing heterogeneity among the FPMs due to natural environmental divergence. However, both functional variables assessed (i.e., aquatic and terrestrial litter decomposition) showed opposite patterns as litter decomposition rates slightly decreased over time and interpond differences converged with successional ecosystem developments. Overall, our results provide rare insights into the abiotic and biotic conditions and processes during the initial stages of freshwater ecosystem formation, as well as into structural and functional developments of the aquatic and terrestrial environment of newly established pond ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Stehle
- Eusserthal Ecosystem Research Station University Koblenz‐Landau Eusserthal Germany
- iES Landau Institute for Environmental Sciences University Koblenz‐Landau Landau Germany
| | - Alessandro Manfrin
- iES Landau Institute for Environmental Sciences University Koblenz‐Landau Landau Germany
| | - Alexander Feckler
- Eusserthal Ecosystem Research Station University Koblenz‐Landau Eusserthal Germany
- iES Landau Institute for Environmental Sciences University Koblenz‐Landau Landau Germany
| | - Tobias Graf
- Eusserthal Ecosystem Research Station University Koblenz‐Landau Eusserthal Germany
| | - Tanja J. Joschko
- Eusserthal Ecosystem Research Station University Koblenz‐Landau Eusserthal Germany
| | - Jonathan Jupke
- iES Landau Institute for Environmental Sciences University Koblenz‐Landau Landau Germany
| | - Christian Noss
- iES Landau Institute for Environmental Sciences University Koblenz‐Landau Landau Germany
- Federal Waterways Engineering and Research Institute Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Verena Rösch
- iES Landau Institute for Environmental Sciences University Koblenz‐Landau Landau Germany
| | - Jens Schirmel
- Eusserthal Ecosystem Research Station University Koblenz‐Landau Eusserthal Germany
- iES Landau Institute for Environmental Sciences University Koblenz‐Landau Landau Germany
| | - Thomas Schmidt
- Eusserthal Ecosystem Research Station University Koblenz‐Landau Eusserthal Germany
- iES Landau Institute for Environmental Sciences University Koblenz‐Landau Landau Germany
| | - Jochen P. Zubrod
- iES Landau Institute for Environmental Sciences University Koblenz‐Landau Landau Germany
- Zubrod Environmental Data Science Landau Germany
| | - Ralf Schulz
- Eusserthal Ecosystem Research Station University Koblenz‐Landau Eusserthal Germany
- iES Landau Institute for Environmental Sciences University Koblenz‐Landau Landau Germany
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15
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Manfrin A, Hänggli A, van den Wildenberg J, McNeill K. Substituent Effects on the Direct Photolysis of Benzotrifluoride Derivatives. Environ Sci Technol 2020; 54:11109-11117. [PMID: 32786608 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b07429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The chemical class of benzotrifluoride derivatives is widely used in active ingredients of various commercial products, such as pharmaceuticals, pesticides, herbicides, and crop protection agents. Past studies have shown that some benzotrifluorides are not stable under UV irradiation in water and convert into benzoic acids due to C-F bond hydrolysis. It was also observed, but never systematically studied, that the ring substituents play an important role on the direct photochemical reactivity of the CF3 moiety. In the present work, we explore the structure-reactivity relationship between ring substituent and direct photodefluorination for 16 different substituents, by determining fluoride production rates, quantum yields, and half-lives, and found that strong electron-donating groups enhance the reactivity toward hydrolysis. In addition, flufenamic acid, travoprost, dutasteride, cyflumetofen, flutoanil, and teriflunomide were also examined, finding that their direct photochemical reactivity could be qualitatively predicted based on their ring substituents. We provide here a tool to evaluate the environmental persistence of benzotrifluoride contaminants, as well as to design more photodegradable new active ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Manfrin
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Aline Hänggli
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Kristopher McNeill
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
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16
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Manfrin A, Bunzel-Drüke M, Lorenz AW, Maire A, Scharf M, Zimball O, Stoll S. The effect of lateral connectedness on the taxonomic and functional structure of fish communities in a lowland river floodplain. Sci Total Environ 2020; 719:137169. [PMID: 32109728 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In river floodplains many conservation programs focus on the main river channel as the richest in species. Lateral floodplain waterbodies, which contribute largely to functional processes in river systems, often remain overlooked and exposed to anthropogenic pressures. Although the role of hydrological connectedness between lateral waterbodies and the main river on taxonomic composition of fish communities is well understood, effects on functional community composition is much less studied. Abundance data of fish communities were gathered from 152 electrofishing sites in the main channel and lateral floodplain waterbodies of the river Lippe (Germany), over 18 years. These data were used to compare taxonomic, functional, conservation and recreational fishing aspects along the floodplain lateral connectedness gradient. Fish species richness decreased along the lateral continuum from the main river channel to isolated floodplain waterbodies. In contrast, the relative abundance of endangered and also of non-native species increased along this gradient, highlighting the ecological and conservational importance of floodplain waterbodies. Species composition in floodplain waterbodies differed across the connectedness gradient showing distinct assemblages which were not merely subsets of the main channel. The variability of life-history and feeding strategists among classes of lateral connectedness confirmed the importance of each connectivity class in contributing to the overall floodplain functional diversity. This study highlights the need of preserving fish taxonomic and functional biodiversity across the floodplain as one integrated hydrosystem. Conservation and restoration measures should therefore extend to include the whole floodplain area and the complete spectrum of differently connected floodplain waterbodies in addition to the main channel of the river.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Manfrin
- University of Applied Sciences Trier, Environmental Campus Birkenfeld, Post Box 1380, 55761 Birkenfeld, Germany; University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Biology, Universitätsstrasse 5, D-45141 Essen, Germany.
| | - Margret Bunzel-Drüke
- Arbeitsgemeinschaft Biologischer Umweltschutz (ABU), Teichstraße 19, D-59505 Bad Sassendorf, Lohne, Germany
| | - Armin W Lorenz
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Biology, Universitätsstrasse 5, D-45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Anthony Maire
- EDF R&D LNHE - Laboratoire National d'Hydraulique et Environnement, 6 quai Watier, 78401 Chatou, France
| | - Matthias Scharf
- Arbeitsgemeinschaft Biologischer Umweltschutz (ABU), Teichstraße 19, D-59505 Bad Sassendorf, Lohne, Germany
| | - Olaf Zimball
- Arbeitsgemeinschaft Biologischer Umweltschutz (ABU), Teichstraße 19, D-59505 Bad Sassendorf, Lohne, Germany
| | - Stefan Stoll
- University of Applied Sciences Trier, Environmental Campus Birkenfeld, Post Box 1380, 55761 Birkenfeld, Germany; University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Biology, Universitätsstrasse 5, D-45141 Essen, Germany
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17
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de Necker L, Manfrin A, Ikenaka Y, Ishizuka M, Brendonck L, van Vuren JHJ, Sures B, Wepener V, Smit NJ. Using stable δ13C and δ15N isotopes to assess foodweb structures in an African subtropical temporary pool. African Zoology 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/15627020.2020.1731331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L de Necker
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - A Manfrin
- Environmental Campus Birkenfeld, University of Applied Sciences Tier, Standort Umwelt-Campus Birkenfeld, Germany
- Department of Aquatic Ecology and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Y Ikenaka
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - M Ishizuka
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - L Brendonck
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
- Animal Ecology, Global Change and Sustainable Development, Department of Biology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - JHJ van Vuren
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - B Sures
- Department of Aquatic Ecology and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - V Wepener
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - NJ Smit
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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18
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Manfrin A, Nizkorodov SA, Malecha KT, Getzinger GJ, McNeill K, Borduas-Dedekind N. Reactive Oxygen Species Production from Secondary Organic Aerosols: The Importance of Singlet Oxygen. Environ Sci Technol 2019; 53:8553-8562. [PMID: 31306003 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b01609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Organic aerosols are subjected to atmospheric processes driven by sunlight, including the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) capable of transforming their physicochemical properties. In this study, secondary organic aerosols (SOA) generated from aromatic precursors were found to sensitize singlet oxygen (1O2), an arguably underappreciated atmospheric ROS. Specifically, we quantified 1O2, OH radical, and H2O2 quantum yields within photoirradiated solutions of laboratory-generated SOA from toluene, biphenyl, naphthalene, and 1,8-dimethylnaphthalene. At 5 mgC L-1 of SOA extracts, the average steady-state concentrations of 1O2 and of OH radicals in irradiated solutions were 3 ± 1 × 10-14 M and 3.6 ± 0.9 × 10-17 M, respectively. Furthermore, ROS quantum yields of irradiated ambient PM10 extracts were comparable to those from laboratory-generated SOA, suggesting a similarity in ROS production from both types of samples. Finally, by using our measured ROS concentrations, we predict that certain organic compounds found in aerosols, such as amino acids, organo-nitrogen compounds, and phenolic compounds have shortened lifetimes by more than a factor of 2 when 1O2 is considered as an additional sink. Overall, our findings highlight the importance of SOA as a source of 1O2 and its potential as a competitive ROS species in photooxidation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Manfrin
- Institute for Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics , ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Sergey A Nizkorodov
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , Irvine , California 92697 , United States
| | - Kurtis T Malecha
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , Irvine , California 92697 , United States
| | - Gordon J Getzinger
- Institute for Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics , ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Kristopher McNeill
- Institute for Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics , ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Nadine Borduas-Dedekind
- Institute for Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics , ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich , Switzerland
- Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science , ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich , Switzerland
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19
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Manfrin A, Teurlincx S, Lorenz AW, Haase P, Marttila M, Syrjänen JT, Thomas G, Stoll S. Effect of river restoration on life-history strategies in fish communities. Sci Total Environ 2019; 663:486-495. [PMID: 30716640 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Assessments of river restoration outcomes are mostly based on taxonomic identities of species, which may not be optimal because a direct relationship to river functions remains obscure and results are hardly comparable across biogeographic borders. The use of ecological species trait information instead of taxonomic units may help to overcome these challenges. Abundance data for fish communities were gathered from 134 river restoration projects conducted in Switzerland, Germany and Finland, monitored for up to 15 years. These data were related to a dataset of 22 categories of ecological traits describing fish life-history strategies to assess the outcome of the restoration projects. Restoration increased trait functional diversity and evenness in projects that were situated in the potamal zone of rivers. Restoration effect increased with the length of the restored river reaches. In areas with low levels of anthropogenic land use, the peak of the restoration effect was reached already within one to five years after the restoration and effect receded thereafter, while communities responded later in areas with higher levels of anthropogenic land use. In the lower potamal zone, a shift towards opportunistic life-history strategists was observed. In the upper rhithral zone, in contrast, species with an opportunistic life-history strategy increased only in the first five years of restoration, followed by a shift towards equilibrium strategists at restorations older than 5 years. This pattern was more pronounced in rivers with higher level of anthropogenic land use and longer restored river reaches. Restoration reduced the variability in community trait composition between river reaches suggesting that community trait composition within these zones converges when rivers are restored. This study showed how ecological traits are suitable to analyse restoration outcomes and how such an approach can be used for the evaluation and comparison of environmental management actions across geographical regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Manfrin
- University of Applied Sciences Trier, Environmental Campus Birkenfeld, P.O. Box 1380, 55761 Birkenfeld, Germany; University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Biology, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany.
| | - Sven Teurlincx
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Department of Aquatic Ecology, Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Armin W Lorenz
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Biology, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Peter Haase
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Biology, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany; Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571 Gelnhausen, Germany
| | - Maare Marttila
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Natural Resources, Paavo Havaksen tie 3, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; University of Oulu, Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, P.O. Box 8000, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; Lapland Centre for Economic Development, Transport and the Environment, P.O. Box 8060, FI-96101 Rovaniemi, Finland
| | - Jukka T Syrjänen
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Gregor Thomas
- Federal Office for the Environment, Water Division, Papiermühlestrasse 172, 3063 Ittigen, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Stoll
- University of Applied Sciences Trier, Environmental Campus Birkenfeld, P.O. Box 1380, 55761 Birkenfeld, Germany; University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Biology, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
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Abstract
Oxazoles and thiazoles are commonly found moieties in nonribosomal peptides (NRPs) and ribosomally synthesized post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs), which are important biomolecules present in the environment and in natural waters. From previous studies, they seem susceptible to oxidation by singlet oxygen (1O2); therefore, we designed and synthesized model oxazole- and thiazole-peptides and measured their 1O2 bimolecular reaction rate constants, showing slow photooxidation under environmental conditions. We reasoned their stability through the electron-withdrawing effect of the carboxamide substituent. Reaction products were elucidated and support a reaction mechanism involving cycloaddition followed by a series of rearrangements. The first 1O2 bimolecular reaction rate constant for a RiPP, the thiazole-containing peptide Aerucyclamide A, was measured and found in good agreement with the model peptide's rate constant, highlighting the potential of using model peptides to study the transformations of other environmentally relevant NRPs and RiPPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Manfrin
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, Department of Environmental Systems Science , ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Nadine Borduas-Dedekind
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, Department of Environmental Systems Science , ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Kate Lau
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, Department of Environmental Systems Science , ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Kristopher McNeill
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, Department of Environmental Systems Science , ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich , Switzerland
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21
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Grubisic M, van Grunsven RHA, Manfrin A, Monaghan MT, Hölker F. A transition to white LED increases ecological impacts of nocturnal illumination on aquatic primary producers in a lowland agricultural drainage ditch. Environ Pollut 2018; 240:630-638. [PMID: 29772513 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.04.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The increasing use of artificial light at night (ALAN) has led to exposure of freshwater ecosystems to light pollution worldwide. Simultaneously, the spectral composition of nocturnal illumination is changing, following the current shift in outdoor lighting technologies from traditional light sources to light emitting diodes (LED). LEDs emit broad-spectrum white light, with a significant amount of photosynthetically active radiation, and typically a high content of blue light that regulates circadian rhythms in many organisms. While effects of the shift to LED have been investigated in nocturnal animals, its impact on primary producers is unknown. We performed three field experiments in a lowland agricultural drainage ditch to assess the impacts of a transition from high-pressure sodium (HPS) to white LED illumination (color temperature 4000 K) on primary producers in periphyton. In all experiments, we compared biomass and pigment composition of periphyton grown under a natural light regime to that of periphyton exposed to nocturnal HPS or, consecutively, LED light of intensities commonly found in urban waters (approximately 20 lux). Periphyton was collected in time series (1-13 weeks). We found no effect of HPS light on periphyton biomass; however, following a shift to LED the biomass decreased up to 62%. Neither light source had a substantial effect on pigment composition. The contrasting effects of the two light sources on biomass may be explained by differences in their spectral composition, and in particular the blue content. Our results suggest that spectral composition of the light source plays a role in determining the impacts of ALAN on periphyton and that the ongoing transition to LED may increase the ecological impacts of artificial lighting on aquatic primary producers. Reduced biomass in the base of the food web can impact ecosystem functions such as productivity and food supply for higher trophic levels in nocturnally-lit ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Grubisic
- Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Müggelseedamm 301/310, 12587 Berlin, Germany; Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Schwendenerstraße 1, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Roy H A van Grunsven
- Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Müggelseedamm 301/310, 12587 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Alessandro Manfrin
- Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Müggelseedamm 301/310, 12587 Berlin, Germany; Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Schwendenerstraße 1, 14195 Berlin, Germany; School of Geography, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, E1 4NS London, England.
| | - Michael T Monaghan
- Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Müggelseedamm 301/310, 12587 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Franz Hölker
- Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Müggelseedamm 301/310, 12587 Berlin, Germany; Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Schwendenerstraße 1, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
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22
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Manfrin A, Lehmann D, van Grunsven RHA, Larsen S, Syväranta J, Wharton G, Voigt CC, Monaghan MT, Hölker F. Dietary changes in predators and scavengers in a nocturnally illuminated riparian ecosystem. OIKOS 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.04696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Manfrin
- Leibniz Inst. of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB); Berlin Germany
- Umwelt-Campus Birkenfeld; Univ. of Applied Sciences Trier; Birkenfeld Germany
| | - David Lehmann
- Leibniz-Inst. for Zoo and Wildlife Research (IZW); Berlin Germany
- Dept of Biological and Environmental Sciences; Univ. of Stirling; Stirling UK
| | | | - Stefano Larsen
- German Center for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv); Leipzig Germany
- Dept of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering; Univ. of Trento; Trento Italy
| | - Jari Syväranta
- Dept of Environmental and Biological Sciences; Univ. of Eastern Finland; Joensuu Finland
| | | | | | - Michael T. Monaghan
- Leibniz Inst. of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB); Berlin Germany
| | - Franz Hölker
- Leibniz Inst. of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB); Berlin Germany
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23
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Zago V, Zambon M, Civettini M, Zaltum O, Manfrin A. Virulence-associated factors in Vibrio cholerae non-O1/non-O139 and V. mimicus strains isolated in ornamental fish species. J Fish Dis 2017; 40:1857-1868. [PMID: 28677232 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
During recent decades, ornamental fish have proven to be one of the fastest growing categories of pets in Europe. In this framework, we evaluated both the potential pathogenic and zoonotic risks caused by 53 Vibrio cholerae non-O1/non-O139 and a Vibrio mimicus strain isolated from ornamental fish species mostly originating from South-East Asia countries between 2000 and 2015 in Italy. All the strains were firstly identified at species level by biochemical, phylogenetic and mass spectrometry (matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight) methods, and then studied to reveal the presence of the main virulence and colonization-associated factors, as ctxA, ace, zot, stn/sto, toxR, rtxA, hlyA and tcpA by multiplex and single endpoint PCR assays. Findings showed that 21 of 54 strains harboured at least one virulence factor with a predominance for the toxR+ , rtxA+ and hlyAET+ genotype. Interestingly, the V. mimicus strain harboured the colonization factor and the CTX prophage receptor, tcpA, indicating the ability to capture and integrate it in its genome increasing its pathogenicity. Although these enterotoxins can sporadically cause gastroenteritis, the results highlight their probable involvement in causing severe implications for public health, suggesting the need for an European microbiological monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Zago
- National Reference Laboratory for Fish, Mollusc and Crustacean Diseases, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Adria, RO, Italy
| | - M Zambon
- National Reference Laboratory for Fish, Mollusc and Crustacean Diseases, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Adria, RO, Italy
| | - M Civettini
- National Reference Laboratory for Fish, Mollusc and Crustacean Diseases, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Adria, RO, Italy
| | - O Zaltum
- National Reference Laboratory for Fish, Mollusc and Crustacean Diseases, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Adria, RO, Italy
| | - A Manfrin
- National Reference Laboratory for Fish, Mollusc and Crustacean Diseases, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Adria, RO, Italy
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24
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Quaglio F, Perolo A, Bronzatti P, Gustinelli A, Menconi V, Cavazza G, Caffara M, Manfrin A, Gallo E, Fioravanti ML. Nodular gill disease in farmed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Italy. J Fish Dis 2016; 39:1139-1142. [PMID: 26850914 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F Quaglio
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - A Perolo
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - P Bronzatti
- Veterinarian fish pathologist, Verona, Italy
| | - A Gustinelli
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Italy
| | - V Menconi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Italy
| | - G Cavazza
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Italy
| | - M Caffara
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Italy
| | - A Manfrin
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Adria, Italy
| | - E Gallo
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - M L Fioravanti
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Italy
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25
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Pascoli F, Borghesan F, Manfrin A, Quaglio F, Gatti F, Toffan A. Redfin perch juveniles, Perca fluviatilis L., are resistant to European viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus and infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus delivered via immersion in experimental condition. J Fish Dis 2015; 38:589-594. [PMID: 24943677 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Revised: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F Pascoli
- Fish Virology Department, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
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26
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Krska J, Manfrin A. Pharmacist and GP views on a medicine use review pilot project conducted in Italy. Res Social Adm Pharm 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2014.07.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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27
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Manfrin A, Krska J. Evaluation of feedback on Medicines Use Reviews Provided in Italy from Patients with Asthma. Res Social Adm Pharm 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2014.07.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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28
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Traversetti L, Scalici M, Ginepri V, Manfrin A, Ceschin S. Concordance between macrophytes and macroinvertebrates in a Mediterranean river of central Apennine region. J Environ Biol 2014; 35:497-503. [PMID: 24813005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The main aim of this study was to improve the knowledge about the concordance among macrophytes and macroinvertebrates to provide complementary information and facilitate the procedures for quality assessment of river ecosystems. Macrophytes and macroinvertebrates were collected in 11 sampling sites along a central Apennine calcareous river in October 2008 and June 2009. The concordance between the two biomonitoring groups was tested according to several environmental parameters. The comparison of data matrix similarities by Mantel test showed differences in the assemblage of macrophytes and macroinvertebrates along the river since correlation values were 0.04, p > 0.05 in October 2008 and 0.39, p > 0.05 in June 2009. The study revealed lack of concordance between the two groups, emphasizing that the information provided by macrophytes and macroinvertebrates does not overlap in terms of response to environmental parameters. Indeed, the two different biological groups resulted useful descriptors of different parameters. Together, they could represent a complementary tool to reflect the river environmental quality.
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Labella A, Gennari M, Ghidini V, Trento I, Manfrin A, Borrego JJ, Lleo MM. High incidence of antibiotic multi-resistant bacteria in coastal areas dedicated to fish farming. Mar Pollut Bull 2013; 70:197-203. [PMID: 23518445 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Revised: 02/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Marine bacteria exposed to antibiotics in fish farms can acquire antimicrobial resistance by mobile genetic elements and horizontal gene transfer. A total of 872 autochthonous marine bacterial strains was isolated from samples collected from four different fish farms located at northern and southern Italian Adriatic Sea. Resistance to only tetracycline (17%) and to trimethoprim-sulfadiazine (7%) were the most frequent patterns obtained, while flumequine resistance has recorded in only 0.3% of the strains. Comparing strains isolated from coastal areas and fish farms, a significant higher incidence (4% versus 10%) of multi-resistant strains in aquaculture centers was found. Significant differences in antibiotic resistance incidence were also detected among the four fish farms due probably to different approaches in farm management and the more or less frequent use of antibiotics. Antibiotic-resistant and multi-resistant strains isolated constitute an environmental reservoir directly involved in the seafood chain and might represent a public health concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Labella
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidad de Malaga, Spain
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31
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Mamidi A, Inui M, Manfrin A, Soligo S, Enzo E, Aragona M, Cordenonsi M, Wessely O, Dupont S, Piccolo S. Signaling crosstalk between TGFβ and Dishevelled/Par1b. Cell Death Differ 2012; 19:1689-97. [PMID: 22576663 PMCID: PMC3438499 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2012.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Crosstalk of signaling pathways is critical during metazoan development and adult tissue homeostasis. Even though the transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ) transduction cascade is rather simple, in vivo responsiveness to TGFβ ligands is tightly regulated at several steps. As such, TGFβ represents a paradigm for how the activity of one signaling system is modulated by others. Here, we report an unsuspected regulatory step involving Dishevelled (Dvl) and Par1b (also known as MARK2). Dvl and Par1b cooperate to enable TGFβ/bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling in Xenopus mesoderm development and TGFβ responsiveness in mammalian cells. Mechanistically, the assembly of the Par1b/Dvl3/Smad4 complex is fostered by Wnt5a. The association of Smad4 to Dvl/Par1 prevents its inhibitory ubiquitination by ectodermin (also known as transcriptional intermediary factor 1 gamma or tripartite motif protein 33). We propose that this crosstalk is relevant to coordinate TGFβ responses with Wnt-noncanonical and polarity pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mamidi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Italy
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32
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Arcangeli G, Terregino C, De Benedictis P, Zecchin B, Manfrin A, Rossetti E, Magnabosco C, Mancin M, Brutti A. Effect of high hydrostatic pressure on murine norovirus in Manila clams. Lett Appl Microbiol 2012; 54:325-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2012.03211.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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33
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Suffredini E, Corrain C, Arcangeli G, Fasolato L, Manfrin A, Rossetti E, Biazzi E, Mioni R, Pavoni E, Losio M, Sanavio G, Croci L. Occurrence of enteric viruses in shellfish and relation to climatic-environmental factors. Lett Appl Microbiol 2008; 47:467-74. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2008.02424.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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34
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Graham DA, Rowley HM, Fringuelli E, Bovo G, Manfrin A, McLoughlin MF, Zarza C, Khalili M, Todd D. First laboratory confirmation of salmonid alphavirus infection in Italy and Spain. J Fish Dis 2007; 30:569-72. [PMID: 17718711 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2007.00826.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D A Graham
- Veterinary Sciences Division (VSD), Agri-food and Biosciences Institute of Northern Ireland, Stormont, Belfast, Northern Ireland.
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35
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Zappulli V, Patarnello T, Patarnello P, Frassineti F, Franch R, Manfrin A, Castagnaro M, Bargelloni L. Direct identification of Photobacterium damselae subspecies piscicida by PCR-RFLP analysis. Dis Aquat Organ 2005; 65:53-61. [PMID: 16042043 DOI: 10.3354/dao065053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Fish pasteurellosis is an infectious disease that affects several teleost species living in temperate marine waters. The pathogen responsible, Photobacterium damselae subspecies piscicida, shows high genetic similarity with P. damselae subsp. damselae, making subspecies discrimination extremely laborious. Here we report for the first time a PCR-RFLP method for the identification of P. damselae subsp. piscicida without prior isolation in pure culture. Genomic sequence information was obtained through cloning and sequencing of RAPD products. Two P. damselae-specific primer pairs were developed and tested on 17 strains of P. damselae subsp. piscicida, 10 strains of P. damselae subsp. damselae, and 6 closely related control species. High sensitivity was achieved in PCR amplification on serially diluted samples (<180 fg of pure bacterial DNA or <10 fg, depending on the amplified fragment). Restriction analysis of PCR products showed a unique digestion profile for all P. damselae subsp. piscicida strains. The same PCR-RFLP method was implemented on total DNA samples extracted from experimentally infected sea bream and sea bass. Positive results were obtained on fish with clear signs of the disease as well as on challenged, but asymptomatic, fish. The method presented here might provide a useful tool for both prevention and rapid diagnosis of fish pasteurellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Zappulli
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Patologia Comparata e Igiene Veterinaria-Agripolis, Università di Padova, Viale dell'Universita 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
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36
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Del Grosso M, Caprioli A, Chinzari P, Fontana MC, Pezzotti G, Manfrin A, Giannatale ED, Goffredo E, Pantosti A. Detection and characterization of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in farm animals and raw meat products in Italy. Microb Drug Resist 2001; 6:313-8. [PMID: 11272260 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2000.6.313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) in Europe has been ascribed to the long-time use of the glycopeptide antibiotic avoparcin as feed additive in food animals, until its ban in 1997 in EU. The pres- ence of VRE in food of animal origin is believed to represent a potential risk for the consumer. We studied the fecal carriage of VRE in broiler chickens and slaughter pigs in Italy before the avoparcin ban and eval- uated the impact of avoparcin withdrawal on the presence of VRE in raw meat products. Broilers and pigs were both found to be frequently colonized by VRE, as 36% and 24.6% of the flocks or the herds, respec- tively, were positive. Molecular typing of VRE strains by PFGE showed that animals housed in different pens within the same farm were colonized by clonally related strains. After the avoparcin ban, a decrease in the rate of VRE contamination in meat products was observed. Such a decrease was statistically significant in poultry (from 18.8% to 9.6%) but not in pork products (from 9.7% to 6.9%). The majority of VRE from all sources carried the vanA resistance gene and included Enterococcus faecium, E. faecalis, E. hirae, E. durans, and E. gallinarum. None of the strains carried the vanB gene, whereas constitutively resistant vanC-positive strains were frequently found. Our results show that avoparcin withdrawal has been successful in reducing VRE contamination in meat products. However, this measure needs to be complemented by a prudent use of glycopeptide antibiotics in human medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Del Grosso
- Laboratory of Bacteriology and Medical Mycology, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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37
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da Cunha DF, Barbosa AA, Manfrin A, Tiveron FS, da Cunha SF. Sodium serum levels in hypoalbuminemic adults at general medical wards. Rev Hosp Clin Fac Med Sao Paulo 1999; 54:39-42. [PMID: 10513064 DOI: 10.1590/s0041-87811999000200002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hypoalbuminemia may cause interstitial edema and hemodilution, which we hypothesized may influence serum sodium levels. Our purpose was to compare serum sodium levels of hospitalized adults with or without hypoalbuminemia. All sodium and albumin serum levels of 142 adults hospitalized at general medical wards over a six-month period were searched at a University Hospital mainframe computer. Relevant laboratory data and clinical details were also registered. Hypoalbuminemia was defined by serum albumin concentration < 3.3 g/dl Fisher, Mann-Whitney, and Student's t tests were applied to compare groups with or without hypoalbuminemia. Ninety-nine patients, classified as hypoalbuminemic, had lower blood hemoglobin (10.68 +/- 2.62 vs. 13.54 +/- 2.41), and sodium (135.1 +/- 6.44 vs. 139.9 +/- 4.76 mEq/l) and albumin (2.74 +/- 0.35 vs. 3.58 +/- 0.28 g/dl) serum levels than non-hypoalbuminemic (n = 43). Pearson's coefficient showed a significant direct correlation between albumin and sodium serum levels (r = 0.40) and between serum albumin and blood hemoglobin concentration (r = 0.46). Our results suggest that hypoalbuminemic adults have lower serum sodium levels than those without hypoalbuminemia, a phenomenon that may be at least partially attributed to body water retention associated with acute phase response syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- D F da Cunha
- Departamento de Clínica Médica da Faculdade de Medicina do Triângulo Mineiro Uberaba, MG
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