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Poddar A, Ahmady F, Rao SR, Sharma R, Kannourakis G, Prithviraj P, Jayachandran A. The role of pregnancy associated plasma protein-A in triple negative breast cancer: a promising target for achieving clinical benefits. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:23. [PMID: 38395880 PMCID: PMC10885503 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-01012-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) plays an integral role in breast cancer (BC), especially triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). This subtype accounts for the most aggressive BC, possesses high tumor heterogeneity, is least responsive to standard treatments and has the poorest clinical outcomes. There is a critical need to address the lack of effective targeted therapeutic options available. PAPP-A is a protein that is highly elevated during pregnancy. Frequently, higher PAPP-A expression is detected in tumors than in healthy tissues. The increase in expression coincides with increased rates of aggressive cancers. In BC, PAPP-A has been demonstrated to play a role in tumor initiation, progression, metastasis including epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), as well as acting as a biomarker for predicting patient outcomes. In this review, we present the role of PAPP-A, with specific focus on TNBC. The structure and function of PAPP-A, belonging to the pappalysin subfamily, and its proteolytic activity are assessed. We highlight the link of BC and PAPP-A with respect to the IGFBP/IGF axis, EMT, the window of susceptibility and the impact of pregnancy. Importantly, the relevance of PAPP-A as a TNBC clinical marker is reviewed and its influence on immune-related pathways are explored. The relationship and mechanisms involving PAPP-A reveal the potential for more treatment options that can lead to successful immunotherapeutic targets and the ability to assist with better predicting clinical outcomes in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Poddar
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Victoria, Australia
- Federation University, Victoria, Australia
- RMIT University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Farah Ahmady
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Victoria, Australia
- Federation University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sushma R Rao
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Victoria, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Revati Sharma
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Victoria, Australia
- Federation University, Victoria, Australia
| | - George Kannourakis
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Victoria, Australia
- Federation University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Prashanth Prithviraj
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Victoria, Australia
- Federation University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Aparna Jayachandran
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Victoria, Australia.
- Federation University, Victoria, Australia.
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2
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Poddar A, Banerjee R, Shukla R. Editorial: Non-viral vectors for gene therapy/nucleic acid delivery. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1304769. [PMID: 38026859 PMCID: PMC10644872 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1304769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Poddar
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat, VIC, Australia
- Ian Potter NanoBiosensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory (NBRL), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rajkumar Banerjee
- Oils, Lipid Science and Technology Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR), Hyderabad, India
| | - Ravi Shukla
- Ian Potter NanoBiosensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory (NBRL), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Pyreddy S, Poddar A, Carraro F, Polash SA, Dekiwadia C, Murdoch B, Nasa Z, Reddy TS, Falcaro P, Shukla R. Targeting telomerase utilizing zeolitic imidazole frameworks as non-viral gene delivery agents across different cancer cell types. Biomater Adv 2023; 149:213420. [PMID: 37062125 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Telomerase, a ribonucleoprotein coded by the hTERT gene, plays an important role in cellular immortalization and carcinogenesis. hTERT is a suitable target for cancer therapeutics as its activity is highly upregulated in most of cancer cells but absent in normal somatic cells. Here, by employing the two Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs), viz. ZIF-C and ZIF-8, based biomineralization we encapsulate Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat (CRISPR)/Cas9 plasmid system that targets hTERT gene (CrhTERT) in cancer cells. When comparing the two biocomposites, ZIF-C shows the better loading capacity and cell viability. The loaded plasmid in ZIF-C is highly protected against enzymatic degradation. CrhTERT@ZIF-C is efficiently endocytosed by cancer cells and the subcellular release of CrhTERT leads to telomerase knockdown. The resultant inhibition of hTERT expression decreases cellular proliferation and causing cancer cell death. Furthermore, hTERT knockdown shows a significant reduction in tumour metastasis and alters protein expression. Collectively we show the high potential of ZIF-C-based biocomposites as a promising general tool for gene therapy of different types of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suneela Pyreddy
- NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, Centre for Advanced Materials & Industrial Chemistry, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia; School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Arpita Poddar
- NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, Centre for Advanced Materials & Industrial Chemistry, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia; School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia; Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat, Victoria 3350, Australia
| | - Francesco Carraro
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Shakil Ahmed Polash
- NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, Centre for Advanced Materials & Industrial Chemistry, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia; School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | | | - Billy Murdoch
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Zeyad Nasa
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - T Srinivasa Reddy
- NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, Centre for Advanced Materials & Industrial Chemistry, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia; School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Paolo Falcaro
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Graz 8010, Austria.
| | - Ravi Shukla
- NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, Centre for Advanced Materials & Industrial Chemistry, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia; School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia.
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4
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Pal R, Poddar A, Chattaraj PK. On the Periodicity of the Information Theory and Conceptual DFT-Based Reactivity Descriptors. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:6801-6813. [PMID: 36154006 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c04106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The periodic trends in conceptual density functional and information theory-based reactivity descriptors are reported for the atoms H to Ba (Z = 1 to 56). Ionization potential, electron affinity, electronegativity, and hardness show periodic behavior following the Aufbau principle and popular electronic structure principles. They are in agreement with those reported in standard chemistry textbooks. The trend in the electrophilicity index, however, shows an interesting behavior, where it contradicts earlier reports. Our calculation reveals that the noble gas elements correspond to minimum ω values in each period which obey the minimum electrophilicity principle as well as reflect their low reactivity. Periodic trends in electroaccepting and electrodonating powers, along with that of net electrophilicity, are as expected. The behavior of information theory-based Shannon and GBP entropies, along with the Shannon entropy of shape function are also explored across the periodic table.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranita Pal
- Advanced Technology Development Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Arpita Poddar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Pratim Kumar Chattaraj
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
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Abstract
Atomic clusters lie somewhere in between isolated atoms and extended solids with distinctly different reactivity patterns. They are known to be useful as catalysts facilitating several reactions of industrial importance. Various machine learning based techniques have been adopted in generating their global minimum energy structures. Bond-stretch isomerism, aromatic stabilization, Rener-Teller effect, improved superhalogen/superalkali properties, and electride characteristics are some of the hallmarks of these clusters. Different all-metal and nonmetal clusters exhibit a variety of aromatic characteristics. Some of these clusters are dynamically stable as exemplified through their fluxional behavior. Several of these cluster cavitands are found to be agents for effective confinement. The confined media cause drastic changes in bonding, reactivity, and other properties, for example, bonding between two noble gas atoms, and remarkable acceleration in the rate of a chemical reaction under confinement. They have potential to be good hydrogen storage materials and also to activate small molecules for various purposes. Many atomic clusters show exceptional opto-electronic, magnetic, and nonlinear optical properties. In this Review article, we intend to highlight all these aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranita Pal
- Advanced Technology Development Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Arpita Poddar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Pratim Kumar Chattaraj
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
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Reineck P, Abraham AN, Poddar A, Shukla R, Abe H, Ohshima T, Gibson BC, Dekiwadia C, Conesa JJ, Pereiro E, Gelmi A, Bryant G. Outside Front Cover: (Biotechnology Journal 3/2021). Biotechnol J 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.202170031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Reineck P, Abraham AN, Poddar A, Shukla R, Abe H, Ohshima T, Gibson BC, Dekiwadia C, Conesa JJ, Pereiro E, Gelmi A, Bryant G. Multimodal Imaging and Soft X-Ray Tomography of Fluorescent Nanodiamonds in Cancer Cells. Biotechnol J 2020; 16:e2000289. [PMID: 32975037 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202000289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Multimodal imaging promises to revolutionize the understanding of biological processes across scales in space and time by combining the strengths of multiple imaging techniques. Fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) are biocompatible, chemically inert, provide high contrast in light- and electron-based microscopy, and are versatile optical quantum sensors. Here it is demonstrated that FNDs also provide high absorption contrast in nanoscale 3D soft X-ray tomograms with a resolution of 28 nm in all dimensions. Confocal fluorescence, atomic force, and scanning electron microscopy images of FNDs inside and on the surface of PC3 cancer cells with sub-micrometer precision are correlated. FNDs are found inside ≈1 µm sized vesicles present in the cytoplasm, providing direct evidence of the active uptake of bare FNDs by cancer cells. Imaging artefacts are quantified and separated from changes in cell morphology caused by sample preparation. These results demonstrate the utility of FNDs in multimodal imaging, contribute to the understanding of the fate of FNDs in cells, and open up new possibilities for biological imaging and sensing across the nano- and microscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Reineck
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - Amanda N Abraham
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - Arpita Poddar
- Ian Potter NanoBiosensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory (NBRL), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - Ravi Shukla
- Ian Potter NanoBiosensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory (NBRL), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - Hiroshi Abe
- Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Takasaki, Gunma, 370-1292, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ohshima
- Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Takasaki, Gunma, 370-1292, Japan
| | - Brant C Gibson
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - Chaitali Dekiwadia
- RMIT Microscopy and Microanalysis Facility (RMMF), RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - José J Conesa
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, MISTRAL Beamline-Experiments division, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, 08290, Spain
| | - Eva Pereiro
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, MISTRAL Beamline-Experiments division, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, 08290, Spain
| | - Amy Gelmi
- Applied Chemistry and Environmental Science, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - Gary Bryant
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
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Velásquez-Hernández MDJ, Astria E, Winkler S, Liang W, Wiltsche H, Poddar A, Shukla R, Prestwich G, Paderi J, Salcedo-Abraira P, Amenitsch H, Horcajada P, Doonan CJ, Falcaro P. Modulation of metal-azolate frameworks for the tunable release of encapsulated glycosaminoglycans. Chem Sci 2020; 11:10835-10843. [PMID: 34094337 PMCID: PMC8162298 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01204a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are biomacromolecules necessary for the regulation of different biological functions. In medicine, GAGs are important commercial therapeutics widely used for the treatment of thrombosis, inflammation, osteoarthritis and wound healing. However, protocols for the encapsulation of GAGs in MOFs carriers are not yet available. Here, we successfully encapsulated GAG-based clinical drugs (heparin, hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate) and two new biotherapeutics in preclinical stage (GM-1111 and HepSYL proteoglycan) in three different pH-responsive metal-azolate frameworks (ZIF-8, ZIF-90, and MAF-7). The resultant GAG@MOF biocomposites present significant differences in terms of crystallinity, particle size, and spatial distribution of the cargo, which influences the drug-release kinetics upon applying an acidic stimulus. For a selected system, heparin@MOF, the released therapeutic retained its antithrombotic activity while the MOF shell effectively protects the drug from heparin lyase. By using different MOF shells, the present approach enables the preparation of GAG-based biocomposites with tunable properties such as encapsulation efficiency, protection and release.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Efwita Astria
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology Stremayrgasse 9 Graz 8010 Austria
| | - Sarah Winkler
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology Stremayrgasse 9 Graz 8010 Austria
| | - Weibin Liang
- School of Physical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Adelaide South Australia 5005 Australia
| | - Helmar Wiltsche
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Graz University of Technology 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Arpita Poddar
- School of Science, Nanobiotechnology Research Laboratory (NBRL), RMIT University 3001 Melbourne Australia
| | - Ravi Shukla
- School of Science, Nanobiotechnology Research Laboratory (NBRL), RMIT University 3001 Melbourne Australia
| | - Glenn Prestwich
- The University of Utah, College of Pharmacy Salt Lake City Utah 84112-5820 USA
| | - John Paderi
- Symic. Bio, Inc. 1400 Pine St., #640505 San Francisco CA 94164 USA
| | - Pablo Salcedo-Abraira
- Advanced Porous Materials Unit (APMU), IMDEA Energy Avda. Ramón de la Sagra 3 E-28935 Móstoles Madrid Spain
| | - Heinz Amenitsch
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Patricia Horcajada
- Advanced Porous Materials Unit (APMU), IMDEA Energy Avda. Ramón de la Sagra 3 E-28935 Móstoles Madrid Spain
| | - Christian J Doonan
- School of Physical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Adelaide South Australia 5005 Australia
| | - Paolo Falcaro
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology Stremayrgasse 9 Graz 8010 Austria
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Poddar A, Pyreddy S, Carraro F, Dhakal S, Rassell A, Field MR, Reddy TS, Falcaro P, Doherty CM, Shukla R. ZIF-C for targeted RNA interference and CRISPR/Cas9 based gene editing in prostate cancer. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:15406-15409. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06241c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Metal–organic-frameworks for gene therapy in prostate cancer – ZIF-C based delivery of RNA interference and CRISPR/Cas9 causes host gene expression knockdown. Coating with a green tea phytochemical enhances uptake and increases cancer cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Poddar
- Ian Potter NanoBiosensing Facility
- NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory (NBRL)
- School of Science
- RMIT University
- Melbourne
| | - Suneela Pyreddy
- Ian Potter NanoBiosensing Facility
- NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory (NBRL)
- School of Science
- RMIT University
- Melbourne
| | - Francesco Carraro
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
- Graz University of Technology
- 8010 Graz
- Austria
| | - Sudip Dhakal
- Ian Potter NanoBiosensing Facility
- NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory (NBRL)
- School of Science
- RMIT University
- Melbourne
| | - Andrea Rassell
- Ian Potter NanoBiosensing Facility
- NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory (NBRL)
- School of Science
- RMIT University
- Melbourne
| | - Matthew R. Field
- RMIT Microscopy & Microanalysis Facility
- RMIT University
- Melbourne
- Australia
| | - T. Srinivasa Reddy
- Ian Potter NanoBiosensing Facility
- NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory (NBRL)
- School of Science
- RMIT University
- Melbourne
| | - Paolo Falcaro
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
- Graz University of Technology
- 8010 Graz
- Austria
| | | | - Ravi Shukla
- Ian Potter NanoBiosensing Facility
- NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory (NBRL)
- School of Science
- RMIT University
- Melbourne
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Poddar A, Conesa JJ, Liang K, Dhakal S, Reineck P, Bryant G, Pereiro E, Ricco R, Amenitsch H, Doonan C, Mulet X, Doherty CM, Falcaro P, Shukla R. Encapsulation, Visualization and Expression of Genes with Biomimetically Mineralized Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 (ZIF-8). Small 2019; 15:e1902268. [PMID: 31259481 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201902268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Recent work in biomolecule-metal-organic framework (MOF) composites has proven to be an effective strategy for the protection of proteins. However, for other biomacromolecules such as nucleic acids, the encapsulation into nano MOFs and the related characterizations are in their infancy. Herein, encapsulation of a complete gene-set in zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) MOFs and cellular expression of the gene delivered by the nano MOF composites are reported. Using a green fluorescent protein (GFP) plasmid (plGFP) as a proof-of-concept genetic macromolecule, successful transfection of mammalian cancer cells with plGFP for up to 4 days is shown. Cell transfection assays and soft X-ray cryo-tomography (cryo-SXT) demonstrate the feasibility of DNA@MOF biocomposites as intracellular gene delivery vehicles. Expression occurs over relatively prolonged time points where the cargo nucleic acid is released gradually in order to maintain sustained expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Poddar
- Ian Potter NanoBiosensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory (NBRL), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - José J Conesa
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, MISTRAL Beamline - Experiments division. Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, 08290, Spain
| | - Kang Liang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Library Road, Kensington, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Sudip Dhakal
- Ian Potter NanoBiosensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory (NBRL), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - Philipp Reineck
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - Gary Bryant
- Centre for Molecular and Nanoscale Physics, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - Eva Pereiro
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, MISTRAL Beamline - Experiments division. Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, 08290, Spain
| | - Raffaele Ricco
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Heinz Amenitsch
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Christian Doonan
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
| | - Xavier Mulet
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | | | - Paolo Falcaro
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Ravi Shukla
- Ian Potter NanoBiosensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory (NBRL), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
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Ranjan Sarker S, Polash SA, Boath J, Kandjani AE, Poddar A, Dekiwadia C, Shukla R, Sabri Y, Bhargava SK. Functionalization of Elongated Tetrahexahedral Au Nanoparticles and Their Antimicrobial Activity Assay. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:13450-13459. [PMID: 30869505 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b02279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles are inert for the human body, and therefore, they have been functionalized to provide them with antibacterial properties. Here, elongated tetrahexahedral (ETHH) Au nanoparticles were synthesized, characterized, and functionalized with lipoic acid (LA), a natural antioxidant with a terminal carboxylic acid and a dithiolane ring, to generate ETHH-LA Au nanoparticles. The antioxidant activity of Au nanoparticles was investigated in vitro, showing that LA enhances the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free-radical scavenging and Fe3+ ion reducing activity of ETHH-LA at higher amounts. The antimicrobial propensities of the nanoparticles were investigated against Gram-positive ( Bacillus subtilis) and Gram-negative ( Escherichia coli) bacteria through propidium iodide assay as well as disk diffusion assay. ETHH-LA Au nanoparticles showed significantly higher antimicrobial activity against B. subtilis compared with E. coli. Furthermore, ETHH-LA Au nanoparticles also showed significantly better antimicrobial activity against both bacterial strains when compared with ETHH. ETHH Au nanoparticles also bring about the oxidation of bacterial cell membrane fatty acids and produce lipid peroxides. ETHH-LA showed higher lipid peroxidation potential than that of ETHH against both bacteria tested. The hemolytic potential of Au nanoparticles was investigated using human red blood cells and ETHH-LA showed reduced hemolytic activity than that of ETHH. The cytotoxicity of Au nanoparticles was investigated using human cervical cancer cells, HeLa, and ETHH-LA Au nanoparticles showed reduced cytotoxicity than that of ETHH. Taken together, LA enhances the antimicrobial activity of ETHH Au nanoparticles and Au nanoparticles interact with the bacteria through electrostatic interactions as well as hydrophobic interactions and damage the bacterial cell wall followed by oxidation of cell membrane fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satya Ranjan Sarker
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering , Jahangirnagar University , Savar , Dhaka 1342 , Bangladesh
| | - Shakil Ahmed Polash
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering , Jahangirnagar University , Savar , Dhaka 1342 , Bangladesh
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Abstract
The ability to regenerate insulin-producing β cells is the ultimate goal for treatment of type 1 diabetes. Several sources of stem cells have been investigated by studying their differential potential to form insulin-producing β cells that can be used for replacement therapy. Progenitor cells derived from human islets that are lineage committed have been shown to be better alternatives with regard to their differentiation capabilities for the generation of insulin-producing β-like cells. Controlling the differentiation of progenitor cells is a vital approach in exploiting cellular expansion, mesenchymal transition and β-cell generation. One of the most powerful and useful methods involve the intracellular delivery of biomolecules like genes, miRNAs, siRNAs, proteins, and peptides. However, the delivery vehicle used for such approaches is the most significant factor that determines the in vivo efficacy. Current delivery systems, although promising, are deterred by issues like toxicity, sustained release, loading capacity, and cost-effectiveness. In this chapter, we show an alternative nanomaterial called metal organic frameworks (MOFs) as gene delivery systems in human islet-derived progenitor cells (hIPCs). Based on our results, we believe that nanoscale MOFs can function as controlled cellular delivery agents that deliver, protect, and maintain functional activity of genes or other bioactive molecules into the cytoplasm or nucleus of progenitor cells. Here, we describe the details for the synthesis, characterization, and transfection of selected, biocompatible MOFs in hIPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Poddar
- Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility and NanoBiotechnology Research Lab (NBRL), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mugdha V Joglekar
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Anandwardhan A Hardikar
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Ravi Shukla
- Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility and NanoBiotechnology Research Lab (NBRL), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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13
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Dasgupta P, Das K, Pakhira S, Mazumdar C, Mukherjee S, Mukherjee S, Poddar A. Role of the stability of charge ordering in exchange bias effect in doped manganites. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3220. [PMID: 28607448 PMCID: PMC5468231 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03451-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work we have carried out an elaborate study on the magnetic properties and investigated the exchange bias phenomena of some charge-ordered (CO) manganites. The detailed study of Sm1−xCaxMnO3 (x = 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7) compounds shows that Sm0.4Ca0.6MnO3, which is the most robust charge ordered material studied here, shows significantly large exchange bias field (HE) as compared to the other compounds. Our experimental results and analysis indicate that TCO, which reflects the stability of the charge-ordered state, is one of the key parameters for the exchange bias effect. Similar behaviour is found in other rare-earth analogues, viz., La1−xCaxMnO3 and Pr1−xCaxMnO3 compounds as well. We also found that with increasing stability of CO states in Sm1−xCaxMnO3 compounds, HE enhances due to increase in number and reduction in size of ferromagnetic clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Papri Dasgupta
- CMP Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF, Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700 064, India.
| | - Kalipada Das
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India.,Department of Physics, Seth Anandram Jaipuria College, 10 Raja Naba Krishna Street, Kolkata, 700005, India
| | - Santanu Pakhira
- CMP Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF, Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700 064, India
| | - Chandan Mazumdar
- CMP Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF, Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700 064, India
| | - S Mukherjee
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Mumbai Centre, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Campus, Trombay, Mumbai, 400 085, India
| | - S Mukherjee
- Department of Physics, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | - A Poddar
- CMP Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF, Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700 064, India
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V. Iyer V, Tejal A, Poddar A, Maithili D, G. Rasika L, Bendre A, Jaswal V. An Indian Perspective of Some Recent Developments in Polio, DPT, Zika and Rotavirus Vaccines. Indian J Pharm Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.4172/pharmaceutical-sciences.1000215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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15
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Abstract
Paraneoplastic syndrome affects less than 1% of cancer patients. Diagnosis of paraneoplastic syndrome with neurological presentation requires screening for an underlying malignancy, including a complete history, physical examination and imaging studies. Treatment often results in symptom stability, rather than improvement. Paraneoplastic polymyositis can precede or instantaneously occur at diagnosis or treatment of a primary tumour, while neurological symptoms can persist even following cancer treatment. We report a rare case of metaplastic breast carcinoma with an unusual presentation of paraneoplastic polymyositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Merali
- Queen Elizabeth Queen Mother Hospital, East Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust , UK
| | - M Yousuff
- Queen Elizabeth Queen Mother Hospital, East Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust , UK
| | - V Pronisceva
- Queen Elizabeth Queen Mother Hospital, East Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust , UK
| | - A Poddar
- Queen Elizabeth Queen Mother Hospital, East Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust , UK
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16
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Majumder M, Ghoshray A, Khuntia P, Mazumdar C, Poddar A, Baenitz M, Ghoshray K. Absence of low energy magnetic spin-fluctuations in isovalently and aliovalently doped LaCo2B2 superconducting compounds. J Phys Condens Matter 2016; 28:345701. [PMID: 27355521 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/28/34/345701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Magnetization, resistivity and (11)B, (59)Co NMR measurements have been performed on the Pauli paramagnet [Formula: see text], and the superconductors [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text] K) and [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text] K). The site selective NMR experiment reveals the multiband nature of the Fermi surface in these systems. The temperature independent Knight shift and 1/T 1 T clearly indicate the absence of correlated low energy magnetic spin-fluctuations in the normal state, which is in contrast to other Fe-based pnictides. The density of states (DOS) of Co 3d electrons has been enhanced in superconducting [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] with respect to the non superconducting reference compound [Formula: see text]. The occurrence of superconductivity is related to the DOS enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Majumder
- ECMP Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata-700064, India. Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany
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Pronisceva V, Wong S, Poddar A, Sharp E. P356 Occult axillary metastases in breast cancer. Outcomes for post neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Breast 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9776(15)70386-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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18
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Dey S, Gomes R, Mondal R, Dey SK, Dasgupta P, Poddar A, Reddy VR, Bhaumik A, Kumar S. Stable room temperature magnetic ordering and excellent catalytic activity of mechanically activated high surface area nanosized Ni0.45Zn0.55Fe2O4. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra14773e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanosynthesized nanometric Ni0.45Zn0.55Fe2O4 exhibit stable magnetic ordering at room temperature, excellent catalytic property and memory effect in dc magnetization profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Dey
- Department of Physics
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata-700 032
- India
| | - R. Gomes
- Department of Materials Science
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata-700 032
- India
| | - R. Mondal
- Department of Physics
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata-700 032
- India
| | - S. K. Dey
- Department of Physics
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata-700 032
- India
| | - P. Dasgupta
- Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics
- Kolkata-700064
- India
| | - A. Poddar
- Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics
- Kolkata-700064
- India
| | | | - A. Bhaumik
- Department of Materials Science
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata-700 032
- India
| | - S. Kumar
- Department of Physics
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata-700 032
- India
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Poddar A, Tyagi J, Hawkins E, Opemuyi I. Standards of care provided by Early Pregnancy Assessment Units (EPAU): A UK-wide survey. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2011; 31:640-4. [DOI: 10.3109/01443615.2011.593650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Shaji J, Poddar A, Iyer S. Brain-Targeted Nasal Clonazepam Microspheres. Indian J Pharm Sci 2009; 71. [PMCID: PMC2846487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gelatin-chitosan mucoadhesive microspheres of clonazepam were prepared using the emulsion cross linking method. Mirospheres were evaluated using the in vitro and ex vivo drug release patterns. In vivo CNS drug distribution studies were carried out in rats by administering the clonazepam microspheres intra-nasally and clonazepam solution intravenously. From the drug levels in plasma and CSF, drug targeting index and drug targeting efficiency were calculated. Results obtained indicated that intranasally administered clonazepam microspheres resulted in higher brain levels with a drug targeting index of 2.12. Gelatin-chitosan cross linked mucoadhesive microspheres have the potential to be developed as a brain-targeted drug delivery system for clonazepam.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Shaji
- Prin. K. M. K. College of Pharmacy, Colaba, Mumbai-400 005, India,Address for correspondence E-mail:
| | - A. Poddar
- Prin. K. M. K. College of Pharmacy, Colaba, Mumbai-400 005, India
| | - S. Iyer
- Prin. K. M. K. College of Pharmacy, Colaba, Mumbai-400 005, India
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22
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Manna T, Sarkar T, Poddar A, Roychowdhury M, Das KP, Bhattacharyya B. Chaperone-like activity of tubulin. binding and reactivation of unfolded substrate enzymes. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:39742-7. [PMID: 11509563 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m104061200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The eukaryotic cytoskeletal protein tubulin is a heterodimer of two subunits, alpha and beta, and is a building block unit of microtubules. In a previous communication we demonstrated that tubulin possesses chaperone-like activities by preventing the stress-induced aggregation of various proteins (Guha, S., Manna, T. K., Das, K. P., and Bhattacharyya, B. (1998) J. Biol. Chem. 273, 30077-30080). As an extension of this observation, we explored whether tubulin, like other known chaperones, also protected biological activity of proteins against thermal stress or increased the yields of active proteins during refolding from a denatured state. We show here that tubulin not only prevents the thermal aggregation of alcohol dehydrogenase and malic dehydrogenase but also protects them from loss of activity. We also show that tubulin prevents the aggregation of substrates during their refolding from a denatured state and forms a stable complex with denatured substrate. The activity of malic dehydrogenase, alpha-glucosidase, and lactate dehydrogenase during their refolding from urea or guanidium hydrochloride denatured states increased significantly in presence of tubulin compared with that without tubulin. These results suggest that tubulin, in addition to its role in mitosis, cell motility, and other cellular events, might be implicated in protein folding and protection from stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Manna
- Department of Biochemistry, Centenary Campus, Bose Institute, Calcutta 700054, India
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Sarkar T, Manna T, Bhattacharyya S, Mahapatra P, Poddar A, Roy S, Pena J, Solana R, Tarazona R, Bhattacharyya B. Role of the carboxy-termini of tubulin on its chaperone-like activity. Proteins 2001; 44:262-9. [PMID: 11455599 DOI: 10.1002/prot.1091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Mutational analysis and the enzymatic digestion of many chaperones indicate the importance of both hydrophobic and hydrophilic residues for their unique property. Thus, the chaperone activity of alpha-crystallin is lost due to the substitution of hydrophobic residues or upon enzymatic digestion of the negatively charged residues. Tubulin, an eukaryotic cytoskeletal protein, exhibits chaperone-like activity as demonstrated by prevention of DTT-induced aggregation of insulin, thermal aggregation of alcohol dehydrogenase, betagamma-crystallin, and other proteins. We have shown that the tubulin lost its chaperone-like activity upon digestion of its negatively charged C-termini. In this article, the role of the C-terminus of individual subunits has been investigated. We observe that the digestion of C-terminus of beta-subunit with subtilisin causes loss of chaperone-like activity of tubulin. The contribution of C-terminus of alpha-subunit is difficult to establish directly as subtilisin cleaves C-terminus of beta-subunit first. This has been ascertained indirectly using a 14-residue peptide P2 having the sequence corresponding to a conserved region of MHC class I molecules and that binds tightly to the C-terminus of alpha-subunit. We have shown that the binding of P2 peptide to alphabeta-tubulin causes complete loss of its chaperone-like activity. NMR and gel-electrophoresis studies indicate that the P2 peptide has a significant higher binding affinity for the C-terminus of alpha-subunit compared to that of beta-subunit. Thus, we conclude that both the C-termini are necessary for the chaperone-like activity of tubulin. Implications for the chaperone functions in vivo have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sarkar
- Department of Biochemistry, Centenary Campus, Bose Institute, Calcutta, India
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24
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Gardner RD, Poddar A, Yellman C, Tavormina PA, Monteagudo MC, Burke DJ. The spindle checkpoint of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae requires kinetochore function and maps to the CBF3 domain. Genetics 2001; 157:1493-502. [PMID: 11290706 PMCID: PMC1461604 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/157.4.1493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We have measured the activity of the spindle checkpoint in null mutants lacking kinetochore activity in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We constructed deletion mutants for nonessential genes by one-step gene replacements. We constructed heterozygous deletions of one copy of essential genes in diploid cells and purified spores containing the deletion allele. In addition, we made gene fusions for three essential genes to target the encoded proteins for proteolysis (degron alleles). We determined that Ndc10p, Ctf13p, and Cep3p are required for checkpoint activity. In contrast, cells lacking Cbf1p, Ctf19p, Mcm21p, Slk19p, Cse4p, Mif2p, Mck1p, and Kar3p are checkpoint proficient. We conclude that the kinetochore plays a critical role in checkpoint signaling in S. cerevisiae. Spindle checkpoint activity maps to a discreet domain within the kinetochore and depends on the CBF3 protein complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- R D Gardner
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia Medical Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908-0733, USA
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25
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Ghosh SK, Poddar A, Hajra S, Sanyal K, Sinha P. The IML3/MCM19 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is required for a kinetochore-related process during chromosome segregation. Mol Genet Genomics 2001; 265:249-57. [PMID: 11361335 DOI: 10.1007/s004380000408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The mcm19 mutation in budding yeast affects minichromosome maintenance. In this work we have shown that this mutation leads to defects in the segregation of minichromosomes and chromosomes. The mutant cells show defective kinetochore function as judged by three criteria-- relaxation of the transcriptional block normally associated with a CEN box, stable maintenance of a dicentric plasmid in mutant cells, and mild sensitivity to the antimicrotubule drug benomyl. The MCM19 gene has been cloned and found to be the same as IML3, which codes for the ORF YBR107C. Deletion of the gene was not lethal, nor did it confer any growth defects on the mutant cells. However, the mcm19 null mutation conferred growth defects in the presence of a mutation in the TUB1 gene coding for alpha-tubulin. Two-hybrid experiments showed an interaction between Im13p/Mcm19p and the kinetochore protein Ch14, indicating that the Im13/Mcm19 protein has a role in kinetochore function.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Ghosh
- Department of Biochemistry, Bose Institute, Calcutta, India
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Choudhury P, Sukla AK, Mavi HS, Jain KP, Abbi SC, Mandal P, Poddar A, Das AN, Ghosh B. Raman study of the high-Tcsuperconductors ABa2Cu3O7-x(A=Y, Ho, Y0.1Gd0.9and Y0.9Sm0.1). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1088/0022-3719/21/3/001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Poddar A, Mandal P, Choudhury P, Das AN, Ghosh B. Superconductivity in ABa2Cu3O7-xcompounds, where A=(R1)x(R2)1-xand R1, R2=Y, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Yb, Zr and Nb. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1088/0022-3719/21/17/021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Chattaraj PK, Poddar A. Molecular Reactivity in the Ground and Excited Electronic States through Density-Dependent Local and Global Reactivity Parameters. J Phys Chem A 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/jp991214+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- P. K. Chattaraj
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur-721 302, India
| | - A. Poddar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur-721 302, India
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Abstract
The minichromosome maintenance genes, MCM21 and MCM22, have been cloned and are shown to code for the ORFs YDR318W and YJR135C respectively. Mutations in these genes caused a decrease in the stability of the minichromosome. This decrease in stability was associated with an increase in the copy number of the minichromosome in cells carrying it. Small circular dicentric plasmids were maintained relatively stably and structurally intact in the mutants compared with the wild-type strain. In the latter, such plasmids were mitotically unstable and, upon recovery, showed frequent rearrangements of their DNA. A centromere offered less obstruction to transcription in mutant cells than in the wild type, showing that both these mutants had a more relaxed kinetochore assembly. The mutant strains showed elevated rates of chromosome loss but not those of recombination. Both the mutations caused the cells to display a higher sensitivity towards the anti-mitotic drug benomyl. All these observations suggest that MCM21 and MCM22 are important for chromosome segregation with a potential role in kinetochore function. These genes are non-essential, as their deletions from chromosomes did not cause loss of cell viability. However, exponentially growing mutant cells carrying the deletion of the MCM21 gene had a significant population of large-budded cells with a single nucleus at the neck. Furthermore, the DNA content of these cells showed a shift towards 2N, suggesting a temporary pause of cells in G2 or in an early phase of mitosis. The mcm21 and mcm22 mutations do not show synthetic lethality or any further enhancement of growth defects, implying that they could be carrying out non-overlapping functions in chromosome segregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Poddar
- Department of Biochemistry, Bose Institute, Calcutta, India
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Chattaraj PK, Poddar A. A Density Functional Treatment of Chemical Reactivity and the Associated Electronic Structure Principles in the Excited Electronic States. J Phys Chem A 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jp982734s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. K. Chattaraj
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721 302, India
| | - A. Poddar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721 302, India
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Abstract
This review summarizes the current data regarding the mechanisms by which two mammalian neurokinins (tachykinins), substance P (SP) and neurokinin-A (NK-A) are involved in hematopoiesis. SP and NK-A are derived from the preprotachykinin-I (PPT-I) gene which can be induced by cytokines and neurotrophic factors. In the bone marrow (BM), nerve fibers and stroma are potential sources for the PPT-I gene products. SP and NK-A interact with either of three cloned receptors, neurokinin-1 (NK-1), NK-2 or NK-3, although SP and NK-A exhibit binding preferences for NK-1 and NK-2 respectively. Through specific receptors, SP and NK-A exert dichotomous hematopoietic effects mediated mostly by the BM stroma. SP enhances the proliferation of primitive BM stem cells and progenitors and these effects correlate with the induction of stimulatory hematopoietic growth factors. NK-A appears to be protective to stem cells through the induction of TGF-beta. Proliferation of myeloid progenitors is inhibited by NK-A, effects which correlate with the induction of two suppressive factors, TGF-beta and MIP-1alpha. Stimulation of NK-2 leads to partial blunting of the enhanced stimulatory effects mediated by NK-1. Furthermore, stimulatory hematopoietic cytokines upregulate NK-1 expression and downregulate the constitutively expressed NK-2 in BM stroma. Together, the experimental evidence suggests that NK-A-NK-2 interactions could be a feedback to hematopoietic stimulation. Expression of NK-1 and NK-2 in CD34+ cell lines and also, the presence of SP binding sites on primary CD34+ cells suggest that the neurokinins could be interacting directly with BM progenitors and stem cells. In BM stroma, cytokines and neurokinins regulate the expression of each other and also, their respective receptors. In summary, the current literature pertaining to hematopoietic regulation indicates the involvement of a complex network that includes, but not exclusive of the cytokines and neurokinins. The current models that pertain to stem cell proliferation and differentiation should therefore add neuropeptides to the list of hematopoietic modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Rameshwar
- UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Department of Medicine- Hematology, Newark, USA.
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Abstract
Mini-chromosome-maintenance (mcm) mutants were described earlier as yeast mutants which could not stably maintain mini-chromosomes. Out of these, the ARS-specific class has been more extensively studied and is found to lose chromosomes and mini-chromosomes due to a defect in the initiation of DNA replication at yeast ARSs. In the present study we have identified a number of mcm mutants which show size-dependent loss of mini-chromosomes. When the size of the mini-chromosome was increased, from about 15 kb to about 60 kb, there was a dramatic increase in its mitotic stability in these mutants, but not in the ARS-specific class of mutants. One mutant, mcm17, belonging to the size-dependent class was further characterized. In this mutant, cells carried mini-chromosomes in significantly elevated copy numbers, suggesting a defect in segregation. This defect was largely suppressed in the 60-kb mini-chromosome. A non-centromeric plasmid, the TRP1ARS1 circle, was not affected in its maintenance. This mutant also displayed enhanced chromosome-III loss during mitosis over the wild-type strain, without elevating mitotic recombination. Cloning and sequencing of MCM17 has shown it to be the same as CHL4, a gene required for chromosome stability. This gene is non-essential for growth, as its disruption or deletion from the chromosome did not affect the growth-rate of cells at 23 degrees C or 37 degrees C. This work suggests that centromere-directed segregation of a chromosome in yeast is strongly influenced by its length.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Roy
- Department of Biochemistry, Bose Institute, Calcutta, India
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35
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Rameshwar P, Poddar A, Zhu G, Gascón P. Receptor induction regulates the synergistic effects of substance P with IL-1 and platelet-derived growth factor on the proliferation of bone marrow fibroblasts. J Immunol 1997; 158:3417-24. [PMID: 9120302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The neuropeptide substance P (SP) stimulates CFU in bone marrow (BM) cultures. Although the methylcellulose matrix used in these assays does not provide an appropriate substratum to support adherent-dependent cells, we have observed that cultures containing optimal SP (10(-8)-10(-10) M) develop confluent areas of reticular/fibroblastoid-like cells with CFUs predominantly localized within their vicinity. Characterization (cytochemical and immunofluorescence) of the reticular/fibroblastoid-like cells indicated that they were fibroblasts, the major constituent of the BM stroma. Hemopoietic effects by SP are mediated by the stroma that expresses SP receptors. We studied the effects of SP (10(-7)-10(-11) M) with suboptimal platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB; 5 ng/ml) and IL-1alpha (2 ng/ml), two fibrogenic cytokines, and also hemopoietic regulators. SP by itself and in synergy with either cytokine induced fibroblast proliferation. At optimum SP, IL-1alpha induced 1.6 times the proliferation of PDGF-BB (87 +/- 7 vs 55 +/- 5; n = 12; p < 0.05). The effects of SP were blunted by a specific neurokinin-1 antagonist. Scatchard analysis indicated that SP binds to BM fibroblasts with an approximate Kd of 5 nM. SP induced steady state mRNA for IL-1 receptor IL-1RI and PDGF-BB (PDGF-AR, PDGF-BR) receptors by 7.5-, 6.2-, and 10.5-fold, respectively. Their up-regulation may be partly responsible for the synergistic effects of SP and their ligands. Induction (3-fold) of neurokinin-1 mRNA by IL-1alpha compared with no induction by PDGF-BB may explain the preferred synergism between SP and IL-1alpha. This study indicates that induction of SP, IL-1alpha, and PDGF-BB receptors is important to their synergistic effects on BM fibroblast proliferation. These results bring new insights into stroma-mediated hemopoietic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Rameshwar
- Department of Medicine-Hematology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-New Jersey Medical School, Newark 07103, USA
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Rameshwar P, Poddar A, Zhu G, Gascón P. Receptor induction regulates the synergistic effects of substance P with IL-1 and platelet-derived growth factor on the proliferation of bone marrow fibroblasts. The Journal of Immunology 1997. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.158.7.3417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The neuropeptide substance P (SP) stimulates CFU in bone marrow (BM) cultures. Although the methylcellulose matrix used in these assays does not provide an appropriate substratum to support adherent-dependent cells, we have observed that cultures containing optimal SP (10(-8)-10(-10) M) develop confluent areas of reticular/fibroblastoid-like cells with CFUs predominantly localized within their vicinity. Characterization (cytochemical and immunofluorescence) of the reticular/fibroblastoid-like cells indicated that they were fibroblasts, the major constituent of the BM stroma. Hemopoietic effects by SP are mediated by the stroma that expresses SP receptors. We studied the effects of SP (10(-7)-10(-11) M) with suboptimal platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB; 5 ng/ml) and IL-1alpha (2 ng/ml), two fibrogenic cytokines, and also hemopoietic regulators. SP by itself and in synergy with either cytokine induced fibroblast proliferation. At optimum SP, IL-1alpha induced 1.6 times the proliferation of PDGF-BB (87 +/- 7 vs 55 +/- 5; n = 12; p < 0.05). The effects of SP were blunted by a specific neurokinin-1 antagonist. Scatchard analysis indicated that SP binds to BM fibroblasts with an approximate Kd of 5 nM. SP induced steady state mRNA for IL-1 receptor IL-1RI and PDGF-BB (PDGF-AR, PDGF-BR) receptors by 7.5-, 6.2-, and 10.5-fold, respectively. Their up-regulation may be partly responsible for the synergistic effects of SP and their ligands. Induction (3-fold) of neurokinin-1 mRNA by IL-1alpha compared with no induction by PDGF-BB may explain the preferred synergism between SP and IL-1alpha. This study indicates that induction of SP, IL-1alpha, and PDGF-BB receptors is important to their synergistic effects on BM fibroblast proliferation. These results bring new insights into stroma-mediated hemopoietic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Rameshwar
- Department of Medicine-Hematology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-New Jersey Medical School, Newark 07103, USA
| | - A Poddar
- Department of Medicine-Hematology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-New Jersey Medical School, Newark 07103, USA
| | - G Zhu
- Department of Medicine-Hematology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-New Jersey Medical School, Newark 07103, USA
| | - P Gascón
- Department of Medicine-Hematology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-New Jersey Medical School, Newark 07103, USA
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Keshri S, Mandal JB, Mandal P, Poddar A, Das AN, Ghosh B. Thermoelectric power of Tl2Ba2Ca1-xYxCu2O8+y (0 <= x <= 0.6) samples. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1993; 47:9048-9054. [PMID: 10004955 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.47.9048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Mandal JB, Keshri S, Mandal P, Poddar A, Das AN, Ghosh B. Thermoelectric power of the Bi2Sr2Ca1-xYxCu2O8+y (x=0-1.0) system. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1992; 46:11840-11846. [PMID: 10003080 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.46.11840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Poddar A, Mandal P, Das AN, Ghosh B, Choudhury P. Effect of carrier concentration on the normal transport properties and the superconducting transition temperature in the Tl2Ba2Ca1-xYxCu2O8+y system. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1991; 44:2757-2761. [PMID: 9999847 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.44.2757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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40
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Mandal P, Poddar A, Ghosh B, Choudhury P. Variation of Tc and transport properties with carrier concentration in Y- and Pb-doped Bi-based superconductors. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1991; 43:13102-13111. [PMID: 9997132 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.43.13102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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41
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Mandal P, Poddar A, Das AN, Ghosh B, Choudhury P. Hall effect of Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O and Tl-Ba-Ca-Cu-O systems. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1989; 40:730-733. [PMID: 9990968 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.40.730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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42
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Mandal P, Poddar A, Das AN, Chakraborty A, Ghosh B, Choudhury P, Lahiri SK. Magnetoresistance and thermoelectric power of the Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O system. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1988; 38:9205-9208. [PMID: 9945713 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.38.9205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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