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Hsin L, Varese N, Aui PM, Wines BD, von Borstel A, Mascarell L, Hogarth PM, Hew M, O'Hehir RE, van Zelm MC. Accurate determination of house dust mite sensitization in asthma and allergic rhinitis through cytometric detection of Der p 1 and Der p 2 binding on basophils (CytoBas). J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 153:1282-1291.e10. [PMID: 38360181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND House dust mite (HDM) is the most common allergen trigger globally for allergic rhinitis and atopic asthma. OBJECTIVES To expedite accurate confirmation of allergen sensitization, we designed fluorescent allergen tetramers to directly stain specific IgE on basophils to detect specific allergen sensitization using the flow cytometric CytoBas assay. METHODS Recombinant proteins of major HDM allergens (component), Der f 1, Der p 1, and Der p 2 were biotinylated and conjugated with fluorochrome streptavidins as tetramers. Blood samples from 64 patients who are HDM-allergic and 26 controls that are non-HDM-sensitized were incubated with allergen tetramers for evaluation of basophil binding (CytoBas) and activation (BAT) with flow cytometry. RESULTS The tetramers effectively bound and activated basophils from patients who are allergic but not from controls who are nonsensitized. CytoBas with Der p 1 as a single allergen had comparable sensitivity and specificity (92% and 100%) to BAT (91% and 100%) in detecting allergen sensitization, as did CytoBas with Der p 2 (95% and 96%) to BAT (95% and 87%). A positive staining for Der p 1 and/or Der p 2 in CytoBas was 100% sensitive and 96% specific for HDM allergy. CONCLUSIONS CytoBas has diagnostic accuracy for group 1 and group 2 HDM allergens that is comparable to BAT, but with additional advantages of multiple allergen components in a single tube and no requirement for in vitro basophil activation. These findings endorse a single, multiplex CytoBas assay for accurate and component-resolved diagnosis of aeroallergen sensitization in patients with allergic asthma and/or rhinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Hsin
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nirupama Varese
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia; Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Pei Mun Aui
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Bruce D Wines
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Anouk von Borstel
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Laurent Mascarell
- Innovation and Science Department, Stallergenes Greer, Antony, France
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Mark Hew
- Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Robyn E O'Hehir
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Menno C van Zelm
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Immunology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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2
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Haycroft ER, Damelang T, Lopez E, Rodgers MA, Wines BD, Hogarth M, Ameel CL, Kent SJ, Scanga CA, O'Connor SL, Chung AW. Antibody glycosylation correlates with disease progression in SIV- Mycobacterium tuberculosis coinfected cynomolgus macaques. Clin Transl Immunology 2023; 12:e1474. [PMID: 38020728 PMCID: PMC10660403 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Tuberculosis (TB) remains a substantial cause of morbidity and mortality among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) worldwide. However, the immunological mechanisms associated with the enhanced susceptibility among HIV-positive individuals remain largely unknown. Methods Here, we used a simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)/TB-coinfection Mauritian cynomolgus macaque (MCM) model to examine humoral responses from the plasma of SIV-negative (n = 8) and SIV-positive (n = 7) MCM 8-week postinfection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Results Antibody responses to Mtb were impaired during SIV coinfection. Elevated inflammatory bulk IgG antibody glycosylation patterns were observed in coinfected macaques early at 8-week post-Mtb infection, including increased agalactosylation (G0) and reduced di-galactosylation (G2), which correlated with endpoint Mtb bacterial burden and gross pathology scores, as well as the time-to-necropsy. Conclusion These studies suggest that humoral immunity may contribute to control of TB disease and support growing literature that highlights antibody Fc glycosylation as a biomarker of TB disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebene R Haycroft
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyDoherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Timon Damelang
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyDoherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Ester Lopez
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyDoherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Mark A Rodgers
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPAUSA
| | - Bruce D Wines
- Immune Therapies GroupBurnet InstituteMelbourneVICAustralia
- Department of Clinical PathologyUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia
- Department of Immunology and PathologyMonash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Mark Hogarth
- Immune Therapies GroupBurnet InstituteMelbourneVICAustralia
- Department of Clinical PathologyUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia
- Department of Immunology and PathologyMonash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Cassaundra L Ameel
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPAUSA
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyDoherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia
- Melbourne Sexual Health Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Charles A Scanga
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPAUSA
- Center for Vaccine ResearchUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPAUSA
| | - Shelby L O'Connor
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWIUSA
- Wisconsin National Primate Research CentreUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWIUSA
| | - Amy W Chung
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyDoherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia
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3
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Selva KJ, Ramanathan P, Haycroft ER, Reynaldi A, Cromer D, Tan CW, Wang LF, Wines BD, Hogarth PM, Downie LE, Davis SK, Purcell RA, Kent HE, Juno JA, Wheatley AK, Davenport MP, Kent SJ, Chung AW. Preexisting immunity restricts mucosal antibody recognition of SARS-CoV-2 and Fc profiles during breakthrough infections. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e172470. [PMID: 37737263 PMCID: PMC10561726 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.172470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding mucosal antibody responses from SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or vaccination is crucial to develop strategies for longer term immunity, especially against emerging viral variants. We profiled serial paired mucosal and plasma antibodies from COVID-19 vaccinated only vaccinees (vaccinated, uninfected), COVID-19-recovered vaccinees (recovered, vaccinated), and individuals with breakthrough Delta or Omicron BA.2 infections (vaccinated, infected). Saliva from COVID-19-recovered vaccinees displayed improved antibody-neutralizing activity, Fcγ receptor (FcγR) engagement, and IgA levels compared with COVID-19-uninfected vaccinees. Furthermore, repeated mRNA vaccination boosted SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG2 and IgG4 responses in both mucosa biofluids (saliva and tears) and plasma; however, these rises only negatively correlated with FcγR engagement in plasma. IgG and FcγR engagement, but not IgA, responses to breakthrough COVID-19 variants were dampened and narrowed by increased preexisting vaccine-induced immunity against the ancestral strain. Salivary antibodies delayed initiation following breakthrough COVID-19 infection, especially Omicron BA.2, but rose rapidly thereafter. Importantly, salivary antibody FcγR engagements were enhanced following breakthrough infections. Our data highlight how preexisting immunity shapes mucosal SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses and has implications for long-term protection from COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J. Selva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pradhipa Ramanathan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ebene R. Haycroft
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Arnold Reynaldi
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Deborah Cromer
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Chee Wah Tan
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- Infectious Diseases Translational Research Programme, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lin-Fa Wang
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- Singhealth Duke-NUS Global Health Institute, Singapore
| | - Bruce D. Wines
- Immune Therapies Laboratory, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - P. Mark Hogarth
- Immune Therapies Laboratory, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Laura E. Downie
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Samantha K. Davis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ruth A. Purcell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helen E. Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jennifer A. Juno
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Adam K. Wheatley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Miles P. Davenport
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stephen J. Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Melbourne Sexual Health Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amy W. Chung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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4
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Chenoweth AM, Esparon S, Wines BD, Schuurman J, Labrijn AF, Hogarth PM. Mutation of the TGN1412 anti-CD28 monoclonal antibody lower hinge confers specific FcγRIIb binding and retention of super-agonist activity. Immunol Cell Biol 2023; 101:657-662. [PMID: 36997299 PMCID: PMC10952187 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
The agonistic action of several immunomodulatory monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) requires both target antigen binding and clustering of this mAb:target complex by the Fcs interacting with Fcγ receptors (FcγRs), in particular FcγRIIb, on neighboring bystander cells. Fc mutations were made in the immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-based TGN1412 anti-CD28 mAb to define the role of FcγR interactions in its "super-agonist" activity. The dual mutation, IgG4-ED269,270 AA, ablated interaction with all human FcγRs and agonistic action was consequentially lost, confirming the FcγR dependence on the action of TGN1412. The IgG4 lower hinge region (F234 L235 G236 G237 ) was modified by L235 E mutation (F234 E235 G236 G237 ), a mutation commonly used to ablate FcγR binding, including in approved therapeutic mAbs. However, rather than ablating all FcγR binding, IgG4-L235 E conferred specific binding to FcγRIIb, the inhibitory Fc receptor. Furthermore, in combination with the core hinge-stabilizing mutation (IgG4-S228 P, L235 E), this mutation increased affinity for FcγRIIb compared with wild-type IgG4. In addition to having FcγRIIb specificity, these engineered TGN1412 antibodies retained their super-agonistic ability, demonstrating that CD28- and FcγRIIb-specific binding are together sufficient for agonistic function. The FcγRIIb-specific nature of IgG4-L235 E has utility for mAb-mediated immune agonism therapies that are dependent on FcγRIIb interaction and of anti-inflammatory mAbs in allergy and autoimmunity that harness FcγRIIb inhibitory signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia M Chenoweth
- Immune Therapies GroupBurnet InstituteMelbourneVICAustralia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia
- Present address:
St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical BiosciencesBreast Cancer Now Research Unit, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Sandra Esparon
- Immune Therapies GroupBurnet InstituteMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Bruce D Wines
- Immune Therapies GroupBurnet InstituteMelbourneVICAustralia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia
- Department of Clinical PathologyUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia
| | | | | | - P Mark Hogarth
- Immune Therapies GroupBurnet InstituteMelbourneVICAustralia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia
- Department of Clinical PathologyUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia
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5
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Haycroft ER, Davis SK, Ramanathan P, Lopez E, Purcell RA, Tan LL, Pymm P, Wines BD, Hogarth PM, Wheatley AK, Juno JA, Redmond SJ, Gherardin NA, Godfrey DI, Tham WH, Selva KJ, Kent SJ, Chung AW. Antibody Fc-binding profiles and ACE2 affinity to SARS-CoV-2 RBD variants. Med Microbiol Immunol 2023:10.1007/s00430-023-00773-w. [PMID: 37477828 PMCID: PMC10372118 DOI: 10.1007/s00430-023-00773-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants, notably Omicron, continue to remain a formidable challenge to worldwide public health. The SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) is a hotspot for mutations, reflecting its critical role at the ACE2 interface during viral entry. Here, we comprehensively investigated the impact of RBD mutations, including 5 variants of concern (VOC) or interest-including Omicron (BA.2)-and 33 common point mutations, both on IgG recognition and ACE2-binding inhibition, as well as FcγRIIa- and FcγRIIIa-binding antibodies, in plasma from two-dose BNT162b2-vaccine recipients and mild-COVID-19 convalescent subjects obtained during the first wave using a custom-designed bead-based 39-plex array. IgG-recognition and FcγR-binding antibodies were decreased against the RBD of Beta and Omicron, as well as point mutation G446S, found in several Omicron sub-variants as compared to wild type. Notably, while there was a profound decrease in ACE2 inhibition against Omicron, FcγR-binding antibodies were less affected, suggesting that Fc functional antibody responses may be better retained against the RBD of Omicron in comparison to neutralization. Furthermore, while measurement of RBD-ACE2-binding affinity via biolayer interferometry showed that all VOC RBDs have enhanced affinity to human ACE2, we demonstrate that human ACE2 polymorphisms, E35K (rs1348114695) has reduced affinity to VOCs, while K26R (rs4646116) and S19P (rs73635825) have increased binding kinetics to the RBD of VOCs, potentially affecting virus-host interaction and, thereby, host susceptibility. Collectively, our findings provide in-depth coverage of the impact of RBD mutations on key facets of host-virus interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebene R Haycroft
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Samantha K Davis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Pradhipa Ramanathan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Ester Lopez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Ruth A Purcell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Li Lynn Tan
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Phillip Pymm
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Bruce D Wines
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Adam K Wheatley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Jennifer A Juno
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Samuel J Redmond
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Nicholas A Gherardin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Dale I Godfrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Wai-Hong Tham
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kevin John Selva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
- Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Department of Infectious Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Amy W Chung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
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6
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McKenzie CI, Varese N, Aui PM, Reinwald S, Wines BD, Hogarth PM, Thien F, Hew M, Rolland JM, O'Hehir RE, van Zelm MC. RNA sequencing of single allergen-specific memory B cells after grass pollen immunotherapy: Two unique cell fates and CD29 as a biomarker for treatment effect. Allergy 2023; 78:822-835. [PMID: 36153670 PMCID: PMC10952829 DOI: 10.1111/all.15529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) for grass pollen allergy can modify the natural history of allergic rhinitis and is associated with increased allergen-specific IgG4 . IgG4 competitively inhibits functional IgE on the surface of effector cells, such as mast cells and basophils, from binding to allergens. To further understand the important role memory B-cell (Bmem) responses play in mediating the beneficial effects of SLIT, we assessed changes in allergen-specific Bmem subsets induced by SLIT for grass pollen allergy. METHODS Blood samples were collected twice outside the pollen season from twenty-seven patients with sensitization to ryegrass pollen (RGP; Lolium perenne) and seasonal rhinoconjunctivitis. Thirteen received 4-month pre-seasonal SLIT for grass pollen allergy, and 14 received standard pharmacotherapy only. Single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on FACS-purified Lol p 1-specific Bmem before and after SLIT from four patients, and significant genes were validated by flow cytometry on the total cohort. RESULTS Four months of SLIT increased RGP-specific IgE and IgG4 in serum and induced two Lol p 1-specific Bmem subsets with unique transcriptional profiles. Both subsets had upregulated expression of beta 1 integrin ITGB1 (CD29), whereas IGHE (IgE), IGHG4 (IgG4 ), FCER2 (CD23), and IL13RA1 were upregulated in one subset. There was an increase in the proportion of Lol p 1+ Bmem expressing surface IgG4 , CD23, and CD29 after SLIT. CONCLUSIONS A clinically successful 4 months course of SLIT for grass pollen allergy induces two transcriptionally unique Bmem fates. Associated changes in surface-expressed proteins on these Bmem subsets can be used as early biomarkers for treatment effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig I. McKenzie
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Nirupama Varese
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Pei Mun Aui
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Simone Reinwald
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Bruce D. Wines
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Immune Therapies GroupBurnet InstituteMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of PathologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - P. Mark Hogarth
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Immune Therapies GroupBurnet InstituteMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of PathologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Francis Thien
- Respiratory Medicine, Eastern HealthBox Hill and Monash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Mark Hew
- School of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Allergy, Asthma and Clinical ImmunologyAlfred HealthMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Jennifer M. Rolland
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Robyn E. O'Hehir
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Allergy, Asthma and Clinical ImmunologyAlfred HealthMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Menno C. van Zelm
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Allergy, Asthma and Clinical ImmunologyAlfred HealthMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
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7
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Wines BD, Kurtovic L, Trist HM, Esparon S, Lopez E, Chappin K, Chan LJ, Mordant FL, Lee WS, Gherardin NA, Patel SK, Hartley GE, Pymm P, Cooney JP, Beeson JG, Godfrey DI, Burrell LM, van Zelm MC, Wheatley AK, Chung AW, Tham WH, Subbarao K, Kent SJ, Hogarth PM. Corrigendum: Fc engineered ACE2-Fc is a potent multifunctional agent targeting SARS-CoV2. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1122516. [PMID: 36703991 PMCID: PMC9872783 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1122516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article .].
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce D. Wines
- Immune therapies Laboratory, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Life Sciences, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Liriye Kurtovic
- Life Sciences, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Halina M. Trist
- Immune therapies Laboratory, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sandra Esparon
- Immune therapies Laboratory, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ester Lopez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Klasina Chappin
- Immune therapies Laboratory, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Li-Jin Chan
- Infectious Diseases and Immune Defence Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Francesca L. Mordant
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Wen Shi Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nicholas A. Gherardin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sheila K. Patel
- Department of Medicine, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Gemma E. Hartley
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Phillip Pymm
- Infectious Diseases and Immune Defence Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - James P. Cooney
- Infectious Diseases and Immune Defence Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - James G. Beeson
- Life Sciences, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia,Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton VIC, Australia
| | - Dale I. Godfrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Louise M. Burrell
- Department of Medicine, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Menno C. van Zelm
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Central Clinical School, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Adam K. Wheatley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Australian Research Council Centre for Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Amy W. Chung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Wai-Hong Tham
- Infectious Diseases and Immune Defence Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kanta Subbarao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephen J. Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Australian Research Council Centre for Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Melbourne Sexual Health Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - P. Mark Hogarth
- Immune therapies Laboratory, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Life Sciences, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,*Correspondence: P. Mark Hogarth,
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8
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Feng G, Kurtovic L, Agius PA, Aitken EH, Sacarlal J, Wines BD, Hogarth PM, Rogerson SJ, Fowkes FJI, Dobaño C, Beeson JG. Induction, decay, and determinants of functional antibodies following vaccination with the RTS,S malaria vaccine in young children. BMC Med 2022; 20:289. [PMID: 36002841 PMCID: PMC9402280 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02466-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND RTS,S is the first malaria vaccine recommended for implementation among young children at risk. However, vaccine efficacy is modest and short-lived. Antibodies play the major role in vaccine-induced immunity, but knowledge on the induction, decay, and determinants of antibody function is limited, especially among children. Antibodies that promote opsonic phagocytosis and other cellular functions appear to be important contributors to RTS,S immunity. METHODS We studied a phase IIb trial of RTS,S/AS02 conducted in young children in malaria-endemic regions of Mozambique. We evaluated the induction of antibodies targeting the circumsporozoite protein (CSP, vaccine antigen) that interact with Fcγ-receptors (FcRγs) and promote phagocytosis (neutrophils, monocytes, THP-1 cells), antibody-dependent respiratory burst (ADRB) by neutrophils, and natural killer (NK) cell activity, as well as the temporal kinetics of responses over 5 years of follow-up (ClinicalTrials.gov registry number NCT00197041). RESULTS RTS,S vaccination induced CSP-specific IgG with FcγRIIa and FcγRIII binding activity and promoted phagocytosis by neutrophils, THP-1 monocytes, and primary human monocytes, neutrophil ADRB activity, and NK cell activation. Responses were highly heterogenous among children, and the magnitude of neutrophil phagocytosis by antibodies was relatively modest, which may reflect modest vaccine efficacy. Induction of functional antibodies was lower among children with higher malaria exposure. Functional antibody magnitude and the functional activity of antibodies largely declined within a year post-vaccination, and decay were highest in the first 6 months, consistent with the decline in vaccine efficacy over that time. Decay rates varied for different antibody parameters and decay was slower for neutrophil phagocytosis. Biostatistical modelling suggested IgG1 and IgG3 contribute in promoting FcγR binding and phagocytosis, and IgG targeting the NANP-repeat and C-terminal regions CSP were similarly important for functional activities. CONCLUSIONS Results provide new insights to understand the modest and time-limited efficacy of RTS,S in children and the induction of antibody functional activities. Improving the induction and maintenance of antibodies that promote phagocytosis and cellular functions, and combating the negative effect of malaria exposure on vaccine responses are potential strategies for improving RTS,S efficacy and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoqian Feng
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Liriye Kurtovic
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Paul A Agius
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Elizabeth H Aitken
- Peter Doherty Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jahit Sacarlal
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça, Maputo, Mozambique.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane (UEM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Bruce D Wines
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Stephen J Rogerson
- Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Peter Doherty Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Freya J I Fowkes
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Carlota Dobaño
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça, Maputo, Mozambique.,ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - James G Beeson
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia. .,Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. .,Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.
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9
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Wines BD, Kurtovic L, Trist HM, Esparon S, Lopez E, Chappin K, Chan LJ, Mordant FL, Lee WS, Gherardin NA, Patel SK, Hartley GE, Pymm P, Cooney JP, Beeson JG, Godfrey DI, Burrell LM, van Zelm MC, Wheatley AK, Chung AW, Tham WH, Subbarao K, Kent SJ, Hogarth PM. Fc engineered ACE2-Fc is a potent multifunctional agent targeting SARS-CoV2. Front Immunol 2022; 13:889372. [PMID: 35967361 PMCID: PMC9369017 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.889372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Joining a function-enhanced Fc-portion of human IgG to the SARS-CoV-2 entry receptor ACE2 produces an antiviral decoy with strain transcending virus neutralizing activity. SARS-CoV-2 neutralization and Fc-effector functions of ACE2-Fc decoy proteins, formatted with or without the ACE2 collectrin domain, were optimized by Fc-modification. The different Fc-modifications resulted in distinct effects on neutralization and effector functions. H429Y, a point mutation outside the binding sites for FcγRs or complement caused non-covalent oligomerization of the ACE2-Fc decoy proteins, abrogated FcγR interaction and enhanced SARS-CoV-2 neutralization. Another Fc mutation, H429F did not improve virus neutralization but resulted in increased C5b-C9 fixation and transformed ACE2-Fc to a potent mediator of complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) against SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) expressing cells. Furthermore, modification of the Fc-glycan enhanced cell activation via FcγRIIIa. These different immune profiles demonstrate the capacity of Fc-based agents to be engineered to optimize different mechanisms of protection for SARS-CoV-2 and potentially other viral pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce D. Wines
- Immune therapies Laboratory, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Life Sciences, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Liriye Kurtovic
- Life Sciences, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Halina M. Trist
- Immune therapies Laboratory, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sandra Esparon
- Immune therapies Laboratory, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ester Lopez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Klasina Chappin
- Immune therapies Laboratory, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Li-Jin Chan
- Infectious Diseases and Immune Defence Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Francesca L. Mordant
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Wen Shi Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nicholas A. Gherardin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sheila K. Patel
- Department of Medicine, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Gemma E. Hartley
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Phillip Pymm
- Infectious Diseases and Immune Defence Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - James P. Cooney
- Infectious Diseases and Immune Defence Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - James G. Beeson
- Life Sciences, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia,Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton VIC, Australia
| | - Dale I. Godfrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Louise M. Burrell
- Department of Medicine, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Menno C. van Zelm
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Central Clinical School, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Adam K. Wheatley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Australian Research Council Centre for Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Amy W. Chung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Wai-Hong Tham
- Infectious Diseases and Immune Defence Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kanta Subbarao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephen J. Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Australian Research Council Centre for Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Melbourne Sexual Health Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - P. Mark Hogarth
- Immune therapies Laboratory, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Life Sciences, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,*Correspondence: P. Mark Hogarth,
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10
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Chan JA, Loughland JR, de la Parte L, Okano S, Ssewanyana I, Nalubega M, Nankya F, Musinguzi K, Rek J, Arinaitwe E, Tipping P, Bourke P, Andrew D, Dooley N, SheelaNair A, Wines BD, Hogarth PM, Beeson JG, Greenhouse B, Dorsey G, Kamya M, Hartel G, Minigo G, Feeney M, Jagannathan P, Boyle MJ. Age-dependent changes in circulating Tfh cells influence development of functional malaria antibodies in children. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4159. [PMID: 35851033 PMCID: PMC9293980 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31880-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
T-follicular helper (Tfh) cells are key drivers of antibodies that protect from malaria. However, little is known regarding the host and parasite factors that influence Tfh and functional antibody development. Here, we use samples from a large cross-sectional study of children residing in an area of high malaria transmission in Uganda to characterize Tfh cells and functional antibodies to multiple parasites stages. We identify a dramatic re-distribution of the Tfh cell compartment with age that is independent of malaria exposure, with Th2-Tfh cells predominating in early childhood, while Th1-Tfh cell gradually increase to adult levels over the first decade of life. Functional antibody acquisition is age-dependent and hierarchical acquired based on parasite stage, with merozoite responses followed by sporozoite and gametocyte antibodies. Antibodies are boosted in children with current infection, and are higher in females. The children with the very highest antibody levels have increased Tfh cell activation and proliferation, consistent with a key role of Tfh cells in antibody development. Together, these data reveal a complex relationship between the circulating Tfh compartment, antibody development and protection from malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo-Anne Chan
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jessica R Loughland
- QIMR-Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia.,Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Tiwi, Australia
| | | | - Satomi Okano
- QIMR-Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Isaac Ssewanyana
- Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda.,London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Mayimuna Nalubega
- QIMR-Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia.,Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | | | - John Rek
- Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - Peta Tipping
- Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Tiwi, Australia
| | - Peter Bourke
- Division of Medicine, Cairns Hospital, Manunda, QLD, Australia
| | - Dean Andrew
- QIMR-Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Nicholas Dooley
- QIMR-Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia.,Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Arya SheelaNair
- QIMR-Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Bruce D Wines
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - James G Beeson
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Microbiology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Grant Dorsey
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Moses Kamya
- Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Gunter Hartel
- QIMR-Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Gabriela Minigo
- Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Tiwi, Australia.,College of Health and Human Sciences, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia
| | - Margaret Feeney
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Michelle J Boyle
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. .,QIMR-Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia. .,Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Tiwi, Australia. .,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. .,Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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11
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Lemke MM, Theisen RM, Bozich ER, McLean MR, Lee CY, Lopez E, Rerks-Ngarm S, Pitisuttithum P, Nitayaphan S, Kratochvil S, Wines BD, Hogarth PM, Kent SJ, Chung AW, Arnold KB. A Quantitative Approach to Unravel the Role of Host Genetics in IgG-FcγR Complex Formation After Vaccination. Front Immunol 2022; 13:820148. [PMID: 35273603 PMCID: PMC8902241 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.820148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fc-mediated immune functions have been correlated with protection in the RV144 HIV vaccine trial and are important for immunity to a range of pathogens. IgG antibodies (Abs) that form complexes with Fc receptors (FcRs) on innate immune cells can activate Fc-mediated immune functions. Genetic variation in both IgGs and FcRs have the capacity to alter IgG-FcR complex formation via changes in binding affinity and concentration. A growing challenge lies in unraveling the importance of multiple variations, especially in the context of vaccine trials that are conducted in homogenous genetic populations. Here we use an ordinary differential equation model to quantitatively assess how IgG1 allotypes and FcγR polymorphisms influence IgG-FcγRIIIa complex formation in vaccine-relevant settings. Using data from the RV144 HIV vaccine trial, we map the landscape of IgG-FcγRIIIa complex formation predicted post-vaccination for three different IgG1 allotypes and two different FcγRIIIa polymorphisms. Overall, the model illustrates how specific vaccine interventions could be applied to maximize IgG-FcγRIIIa complex formation in different genetic backgrounds. Individuals with the G1m1,17 and G1m1,3 allotypes were predicted to be more responsive to vaccine adjuvant strategies that increase antibody FcγRIIIa affinity (e.g. glycosylation modifications), compared to the G1m-1,3 allotype which was predicted to be more responsive to vaccine boosting regimens that increase IgG1 antibody titers (concentration). Finally, simulations in mixed-allotype populations suggest that the benefit of boosting IgG1 concentration versus IgG1 affinity may be dependent upon the presence of the G1m-1,3 allotype. Overall this work provides a quantitative tool for rationally improving Fc-mediated functions after vaccination that may be important for assessing vaccine trial results in the context of under-represented genetic populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa M Lemke
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Robert M Theisen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Emily R Bozich
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Milla R McLean
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Christina Y Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Ester Lopez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Punnee Pitisuttithum
- Vaccine Trial Centre, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Sven Kratochvil
- The Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Bruce D Wines
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Hospital, Monash University Central Clinical School, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Amy W Chung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kelly B Arnold
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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12
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Xu H, Locarnini S, Wong D, Hammond R, Colledge D, Soppe S, Huynh T, Shaw T, Thompson AJ, Revill PA, Hogarth PM, Wines BD, Walsh R, Warner N. Role of anti-HBs in functional cure of HBeAg+ chronic hepatitis B patients infected with HBV genotype A. J Hepatol 2022; 76:34-45. [PMID: 34371070 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2021.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS HBsAg-specific antibody responses are difficult to detect during chronic hepatitis B infection (CHB) and are often overlooked. The aim of this study was to examine whether anti-HBs may be involved in functional cure (FC) by profiling anti-HBs responses in patients with CHB using a panel of specific assays. METHODS Longitudinal serum samples were obtained from 25 patients with CHB who were infected with HBV genotype A and were undergoing nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) treatment: 14 achieved FC while 11 remained infected (non-FC). Anti-HBs immune complexes (HBsAg-IC), FcγRIIIa dimer binding, epitope specificity and neutralisation efficacy were measured. RESULTS HBsAg-IC peaks were detected prior to HBsAg loss in 10/14 FC patients. These HBsAg-IC peaks overlapped with either an alanine aminotransferase (ALT) flare (8/10 patients), or a rise in ALT (2/10 patients). HBsAg-IC peaks were detected in 7/11 non-FC patients, but were not associated with an ALT flare. FCγRIIIa binding was detected in 9/14 FC patients, independent from detection of overlapping HBsAg-IC/ALT peaks. FC patients had stable HBsAg epitope occupancy across the study, whereas non-FC patients had a reduction in HBsAg epitope occupancy within the first 12-24 weeks of NA treatment. Convalescent sera from FC patients recognised more HBsAg epitopes and neutralised HBV infection more potently than anti-HBs derived from vaccinees. Neutralisation potency appeared to increase post-HBsAg loss in 4/5 FC patients examined. CONCLUSIONS Using these assays, we confirm that anti-HBs responses are present and fluctuate over time in this cohort of patients with HBeAg+ CHB, who were infected with HBV genotype A and treated with NAs. Key anti-HBs profiles associated with either FC or failure to achieve FC were also identified, suggesting a role for anti-HBs responses in FC. LAY SUMMARY Using a panel of assays to characterise hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) responses in a group of patients with chronic hepatitis B, we identified anti-HBs profiles associated with either functional cure, or failure to achieve functional cure. Functional cure was associated with immune complex peaks which overlapped with alanine aminotransferase flares. Conversely, in those who did not achieve functional cure, immune complex peaks were present, but were not associated with alanine aminotransferase flares, and a decline in anti-HBs diversity was observed early during treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xu
- Research and Molecular Development, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephen Locarnini
- Research and Molecular Development, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia
| | - Darren Wong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rachel Hammond
- Research and Molecular Development, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia
| | - Danni Colledge
- Research and Molecular Development, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sally Soppe
- Research and Molecular Development, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia; WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia
| | - Thao Huynh
- Research and Molecular Development, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tim Shaw
- Research and Molecular Development, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Peter A Revill
- Research and Molecular Development, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Victoria, Australia; Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bruce D Wines
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Victoria, Australia; Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Renae Walsh
- Research and Molecular Development, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia; ClearB Therapeutics, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nadia Warner
- Research and Molecular Development, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia.
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13
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Oyong DA, Loughland JR, Soon MSF, Chan JA, Andrew D, Wines BD, Hogarth PM, Olver SD, Collinge AD, Varelias A, Beeson JG, Kenangalem E, Price RN, Anstey NM, Minigo G, Boyle MJ. Adults with Plasmodium falciparum malaria have higher magnitude and quality of circulating T-follicular helper cells compared to children. EBioMedicine 2022; 75:103784. [PMID: 34968760 PMCID: PMC8718734 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protective malarial antibodies are acquired more rapidly in adults than children, independently of cumulative exposure, however the cellular responses mediating these differences are unknown. CD4 T-follicular helper (Tfh) cells have key roles in inducing antibodies, with Th2-Tfh cell activation associated with antibody development in malaria. Whether Tfh cell activation in malaria is age dependent is unknown and no studies have compared Tfh cell activation in children and adults with malaria. METHODS We undertook a comprehensive study of Tfh cells, along with B cells and antibody induction in children and adults with malaria. Activation and proliferation of circulating Tfh (cTfh) cell subsets was measured ex vivo and parasite-specific Tfh cell frequencies and functions studied with Activation Induced Marker (AIM) assays and intracellular cytokine staining. FINDINGS During acute malaria, the magnitude of cTfh cell activation was higher in adults than in children and occurred across all cTfh cell subsets in adults but was restricted only to the Th1-cTfh subset in children. Further, adults had higher levels of parasite-specific cTfh cells, and cTfh cells which produced more Th2-Tfh associated cytokine IL-4. Consistent with a role of higher Tfh cell activation in rapid immune development in adults, adults had higher activation of B cells during infection and higher induction of antibodies 7 and 28 days after malaria compared to children. INTERPRETATION Our data provide evidence that age impacts Tfh cell activation during malaria, and that these differences may influence antibody induction after treatment. Findings have important implications for vaccine development in children. FUNDING This word was supported by the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia, Wellcome Trust, Charles Darwin University Menzies School of Health Research, Channel 7 Children's Research Foundation, and National Health Institute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian A Oyong
- Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia; Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia
| | - Jessica R Loughland
- Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Megan S F Soon
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jo-Anne Chan
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, VIC, Australia; Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Dean Andrew
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Bruce D Wines
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, VIC, Australia; Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, VIC, Australia; Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stuart D Olver
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Alika D Collinge
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Antiopi Varelias
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
| | - James G Beeson
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Microbiology, Monash University, VIC, Australia
| | - Enny Kenangalem
- Timika Malaria Research Program, Papuan Health and Community Development Foundation, Timika, Papua, Indonesia; District Health Authority, Timika, Papua, Indonesia
| | - Ric N Price
- Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia; Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nicholas M Anstey
- Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Gabriela Minigo
- Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia; Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia
| | - Michelle J Boyle
- Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia.
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14
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Fulford TS, Van H, Gherardin NA, Zheng S, Ciula M, Drummer HE, Redmond S, Tan HX, Boo I, Center RJ, Li F, Grimley SL, Wines BD, Nguyen THO, Mordant FL, Ellenberg P, Rowntree LC, Kedzierski L, Cheng AC, Doolan DL, Matthews G, Bond K, Hogarth PM, McQuilten Z, Subbarao K, Kedzierska K, Juno JA, Wheatley AK, Kent SJ, Williamson DA, Purcell DFJ, Anderson DA, Godfrey DI. A point-of-care lateral flow assay for neutralising antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. EBioMedicine 2021; 74:103729. [PMID: 34871960 PMCID: PMC8641961 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are now being rolled out, a better understanding of immunity to the virus, whether from infection, or passive or active immunisation, and the durability of this protection is required. This will benefit from the ability to measure antibody-based protection to SARS-CoV-2, ideally with rapid turnaround and without the need for laboratory-based testing. METHODS We have developed a lateral flow POC test that can measure levels of RBD-ACE2 neutralising antibody (NAb) from whole blood, with a result that can be determined by eye or quantitatively on a small instrument. We compared our lateral flow test with the gold-standard microneutralisation assay, using samples from convalescent and vaccinated donors, as well as immunised macaques. FINDINGS We show a high correlation between our lateral flow test with conventional neutralisation and that this test is applicable with animal samples. We also show that this assay is readily adaptable to test for protection to newly emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants, including the beta variant which revealed a marked reduction in NAb activity. Lastly, using a cohort of vaccinated humans, we demonstrate that our whole-blood test correlates closely with microneutralisation assay data (specificity 100% and sensitivity 96% at a microneutralisation cutoff of 1:40) and that fingerprick whole blood samples are sufficient for this test. INTERPRETATION Taken together, the COVID-19 NAb-testTM device described here provides a rapid readout of NAb based protection to SARS-CoV-2 at the point of care. FUNDING Support was received from the Victorian Operational Infrastructure Support Program and the Australian Government Department of Health. This work was supported by grants from the Department of Health and Human Services of the Victorian State Government; the ARC (CE140100011, CE140100036), the NHMRC (1113293, 2002317 and 1116530), and Medical Research Future Fund Awards (2005544, 2002073, 2002132). Individual researchers were supported by an NHMRC Emerging Leadership Level 1 Investigator Grants (1194036), NHMRC APPRISE Research Fellowship (1116530), NHMRC Leadership Investigator Grant (1173871), NHMRC Principal Research Fellowship (1137285), NHMRC Investigator Grants (1177174 and 1174555) and NHMRC Senior Principal Research Fellowships (1117766 and 1136322). Grateful support was also received from the A2 Milk Company and the Jack Ma Foundation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas S Fulford
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Huy Van
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicholas A Gherardin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Marcin Ciula
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Heidi E Drummer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Australia
| | - Samuel Redmond
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hyon-Xhi Tan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Irene Boo
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rob J Center
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Fan Li
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Samantha L Grimley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bruce D Wines
- Immune therapies Laboratory, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,; Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Thi H O Nguyen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Francesca L Mordant
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paula Ellenberg
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Louise C Rowntree
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lukasz Kedzierski
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Allen C Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Denise L Doolan
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health & Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gail Matthews
- Kirby Institute, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Katherine Bond
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Microbiology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Immune therapies Laboratory, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,; Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Zoe McQuilten
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kanta Subbarao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity
| | - Katherine Kedzierska
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jennifer A Juno
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Adam K Wheatley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Melbourne Sexual Health Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Melbourne Sexual Health Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Australian Research Council Centre for Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Deborah A Williamson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Microbiology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Damian F J Purcell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Dale I Godfrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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15
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Wines BD, Trist HM, Esparon S, Impey RE, Mackay GA, Andrews RK, Soares da Costa TP, Pietersz GA, Baker RI, Hogarth PM. Fc Binding by FcγRIIa Is Essential for Cellular Activation by the Anti-FcγRIIa mAbs 8.26 and 8.2. Front Immunol 2021; 12:666813. [PMID: 34759915 PMCID: PMC8573391 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.666813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
FcγR activity underpins the role of antibodies in both protective immunity and auto-immunity and importantly, the therapeutic activity of many monoclonal antibody therapies. Some monoclonal anti-FcγR antibodies activate their receptors, but the properties required for cell activation are not well defined. Here we examined activation of the most widely expressed human FcγR; FcγRIIa, by two non-blocking, mAbs, 8.26 and 8.2. Crosslinking of FcγRIIa by the mAb F(ab’)2 regions alone was insufficient for activation, indicating activation also required receptor engagement by the Fc region. Similarly, when mutant receptors were inactivated in the Fc binding site, so that intact mAb was only able to engage receptors via its two Fab regions, again activation did not occur. Mutation of FcγRIIa in the epitope recognized by the agonist mAbs, completely abrogated the activity of mAb 8.26, but mAb 8.2 activity was only partially inhibited indicating differences in receptor recognition by these mAbs. FcγRIIa inactivated in the Fc binding site was next co-expressed with the FcγRIIa mutated in the epitope recognized by the Fab so that each mAb 8.26 molecule can contribute only three interactions, each with separate receptors, one via the Fc and two via the Fab regions. When the Fab and Fc binding were thus segregated onto different receptor molecules receptor activation by intact mAb did not occur. Thus, receptor activation requires mAb 8.26 Fab and Fc interaction simultaneously with the same receptor molecules. Establishing the molecular nature of FcγR engagement required for cell activation may inform the optimal design of therapeutic mAbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce D Wines
- Immune Therapies Laboratory, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Halina M Trist
- Immune Therapies Laboratory, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sandra Esparon
- Immune Therapies Laboratory, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rachael E Impey
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Graham A Mackay
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Robert K Andrews
- Department Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Tatiana P Soares da Costa
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Geoffrey A Pietersz
- Immune Therapies Laboratory, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ross I Baker
- Perth Blood Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia.,Western Australian Centre for Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Immune Therapies Laboratory, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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16
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McKenzie CI, Varese N, Aui PM, Wines BD, Hogarth PM, Thien F, Hew M, Rolland JM, O’Hehir RE, Zelm MC. CytoBas: Precision component-resolved diagnostics for allergy using flow cytometric staining of basophils with recombinant allergen tetramers. Allergy 2021; 76:3028-3040. [PMID: 33772805 PMCID: PMC8518718 DOI: 10.1111/all.14832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diagnostic tests for allergy rely on detecting allergen-specific IgE. Component-resolved diagnostics incorporate multiple defined allergen components to improve the quality of diagnosis and patient care. OBJECTIVE To develop a new approach for determining sensitization to specific allergen components that utilizes fluorescent protein tetramers for direct staining of IgE on blood basophils by flow cytometry. METHODS Recombinant forms of Lol p 1 and Lol p 5 proteins from ryegrass pollen (RGP) and Api m 1 from honeybee venom (BV) were produced, biotinylated, and tetramerized with streptavidin-fluorochrome conjugates. Blood samples from 50 RGP-allergic, 41 BV-allergic, and 26 controls were incubated with fluorescent protein tetramers for flow cytometric evaluation of basophil allergen binding and activation. RESULTS Allergen tetramers bound to and activated basophils from relevant allergic patients but not controls. Direct fluorescence staining of Api m 1 and Lol p 1 tetramers had greater positive predictive values than basophil activation for BV and RGP allergy, respectively, as defined with receiver operator characteristics (ROC) curves. Staining intensities of allergen tetramers correlated with allergen-specific IgE levels in serum. Inclusion of multiple allergens coupled with distinct fluorochromes in a single-tube assay enabled rapid detection of sensitization to both Lol p 1 and Lol p 5 in RGP-allergic patients and discriminated between controls, BV-allergic, and RGP-allergic patients. CONCLUSION Our novel flow cytometric assay, termed CytoBas, enables rapid and reliable detection of clinically relevant allergic sensitization. The intensity of fluorescent allergen tetramer staining of basophils has a high positive predictive value for disease, and the assay can be multiplexed for a component-resolved and differential diagnostic test for allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig I. McKenzie
- Department of Immunology and Pathology Central Clinical School Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Nirupama Varese
- Department of Immunology and Pathology Central Clinical School Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine Central Clinical School Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Pei M. Aui
- Department of Immunology and Pathology Central Clinical School Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Bruce D. Wines
- Department of Immunology and Pathology Central Clinical School Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia
- Immune Therapies Group Burnet Institute Melbourne Australia
- Department of Pathology The University of Melbourne Parkville VIC Australia
| | - Philip Mark Hogarth
- Department of Immunology and Pathology Central Clinical School Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia
- Immune Therapies Group Burnet Institute Melbourne Australia
- Department of Pathology The University of Melbourne Parkville VIC Australia
| | - Francis Thien
- Respiratory Medicine Eastern HealthBox Hill and Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Mark Hew
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia
- Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology Alfred Health Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Jennifer M. Rolland
- Department of Immunology and Pathology Central Clinical School Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine Central Clinical School Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Robyn E. O’Hehir
- Department of Immunology and Pathology Central Clinical School Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine Central Clinical School Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia
- Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology Alfred Health Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Menno C. Zelm
- Department of Immunology and Pathology Central Clinical School Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia
- Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology Alfred Health Melbourne VIC Australia
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17
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Lemke MM, McLean MR, Lee CY, Lopez E, Bozich ER, Rerks-Ngarm S, Pitisuttithum P, Nitayaphan S, Kratochvil S, Wines BD, Hogarth PM, Kent SJ, Chung AW, Arnold KB. A systems approach to elucidate personalized mechanistic complexities of antibody-Fc receptor activation post-vaccination. Cell Rep Med 2021; 2:100386. [PMID: 34622227 PMCID: PMC8484512 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies that activate Fc-mediated immune functions have been correlated with vaccine efficacy, but it is difficult to unravel the relative roles of multiple IgG and Fc receptor (FcR) features that have the capacity to influence IgG-FcR complex formation but vary on a personalized basis. Here, we develop an ordinary differential-equation model to determine how personalized variability in IgG subclass concentrations and binding affinities influence IgG-FcγRIIIa complex formation and validate it with samples from the HIV RV144 vaccine trial. The model identifies individuals who are sensitive, insensitive, or negatively affected by increases in HIV-specific IgG1, which is validated with the addition of HIV-specific IgG1 monoclonal antibodies to vaccine samples. IgG1 affinity to FcγRIIIa is also prioritized as the most influential parameter for dictating activation broadly across a population. Overall, this work presents a quantitative tool for evaluating personalized differences underlying FcR activation, which is relevant to ongoing efforts to improve vaccine efficacy. Fc-mediated immune functions have been correlated with protection in HIV vaccine trials A model reveals personalized mechanisms that drive variation in FcγR activation The model predicts individuals who are sensitive to changes in IgG1 concentration IgG1 affinity to FcγR best dictates activation across a heterogeneous population
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa M Lemke
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Milla R McLean
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Christina Y Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ester Lopez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Emily R Bozich
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Punnee Pitisuttithum
- Vaccine Trial Centre, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Sven Kratochvil
- The Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Bruce D Wines
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Hospital, Monash University Central Clinical School, Carlton, VIC, Australia
| | - Amy W Chung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kelly B Arnold
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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18
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Anand SP, Ding S, Tolbert WD, Prévost J, Richard J, Gil HM, Gendron-Lepage G, Cheung WF, Wang H, Pastora R, Saxena H, Wakarchuk W, Medjahed H, Wines BD, Hogarth M, Shaw GM, Martin MA, Burton DR, Hangartner L, Evans DT, Pazgier M, Cossar D, McLean MD, Finzi A. Enhanced Ability of Plant-Derived PGT121 Glycovariants To Eliminate HIV-1-Infected Cells. J Virol 2021; 95:e0079621. [PMID: 34232070 PMCID: PMC8387047 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00796-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The activity of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) targeting HIV-1 depends on pleiotropic functions, including viral neutralization and the elimination of HIV-1-infected cells. Several in vivo studies have suggested that passive administration of bNAbs represents a valuable strategy for the prevention or treatment of HIV-1. In addition, different strategies are currently being tested to scale up the production of bNAbs to obtain the large quantities of antibodies required for clinical trials. Production of antibodies in plants permits low-cost and large-scale production of valuable therapeutics; furthermore, pertinent to this work, it also includes an advanced glycoengineering platform. In this study, we used Nicotiana benthamiana to produce different Fc-glycovariants of a potent bNAb, PGT121, with near-homogeneous profiles and evaluated their antiviral activities. Structural analyses identified a close similarity in overall structure and glycosylation patterns of Fc regions for these plant-derived Abs and mammalian cell-derived Abs. When tested for Fc-effector activities, afucosylated PGT121 showed significantly enhanced FcγRIIIa interaction and antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against primary HIV-1-infected cells, both in vitro and ex vivo. However, the overall galactosylation profiles of plant PGT121 did not affect ADCC activities against infected primary CD4+ T cells. Our results suggest that the abrogation of the Fc N-linked glycan fucosylation of PGT121 is a worthwhile strategy to boost its Fc-effector functionality. IMPORTANCE PGT121 is a highly potent bNAb and its antiviral activities for HIV-1 prevention and therapy are currently being evaluated in clinical trials. The importance of its Fc-effector functions in clearing HIV-1-infected cells is also under investigation. Our results highlight enhanced Fc-effector activities of afucosylated PGT121 MAbs that could be important in a therapeutic context to accelerate infected cell clearance and slow disease progression. Future studies to evaluate the potential of plant-produced afucosylated PGT121 in controlling HIV-1 replication in vivo are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Priya Anand
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Shilei Ding
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - William D. Tolbert
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine of Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jérémie Prévost
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie, et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jonathan Richard
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie, et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hwi Min Gil
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Hirak Saxena
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Warren Wakarchuk
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Bruce D. Wines
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mark Hogarth
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - George M. Shaw
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Malcom A. Martin
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Dennis R. Burton
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lars Hangartner
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - David T. Evans
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Marzena Pazgier
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine of Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Doug Cossar
- PlantForm Corporation, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Andrés Finzi
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie, et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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19
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Aitken EH, Damelang T, Ortega-Pajares A, Alemu A, Hasang W, Dini S, Unger HW, Ome-Kaius M, Nielsen MA, Salanti A, Smith J, Kent S, Hogarth PM, Wines BD, Simpson JA, Chung AW, Rogerson SJ. Developing a multivariate prediction model of antibody features associated with protection of malaria-infected pregnant women from placental malaria. eLife 2021; 10:e65776. [PMID: 34181872 PMCID: PMC8241440 DOI: 10.7554/elife.65776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Plasmodium falciparum causes placental malaria, which results in adverse outcomes for mother and child. P. falciparum-infected erythrocytes that express the parasite protein VAR2CSA on their surface can bind to placental chondroitin sulfate A. It has been hypothesized that naturally acquired antibodies towards VAR2CSA protect against placental infection, but it has proven difficult to identify robust antibody correlates of protection from disease. The objective of this study was to develop a prediction model using antibody features that could identify women protected from placental malaria. Methods We used a systems serology approach with elastic net-regularized logistic regression, partial least squares discriminant analysis, and a case-control study design to identify naturally acquired antibody features mid-pregnancy that were associated with protection from placental malaria at delivery in a cohort of 77 pregnant women from Madang, Papua New Guinea. Results The machine learning techniques selected 6 out of 169 measured antibody features towards VAR2CSA that could predict (with 86% accuracy) whether a woman would subsequently have active placental malaria infection at delivery. Selected features included previously described associations with inhibition of placental binding and/or opsonic phagocytosis of infected erythrocytes, and network analysis indicated that there are not one but multiple pathways to protection from placental malaria. Conclusions We have identified candidate antibody features that could accurately identify malaria-infected women as protected from placental infection. It is likely that there are multiple pathways to protection against placental malaria. Funding This study was supported by the National Health and Medical Research Council (Nos. APP1143946, GNT1145303, APP1092789, APP1140509, and APP1104975).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth H Aitken
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, the Doherty InstituteMelbourneAustralia
| | - Timon Damelang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, the Doherty InstituteMelbourneAustralia
| | - Amaya Ortega-Pajares
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, the Doherty InstituteMelbourneAustralia
| | - Agersew Alemu
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, the Doherty InstituteMelbourneAustralia
| | - Wina Hasang
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, the Doherty InstituteMelbourneAustralia
| | - Saber Dini
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
| | - Holger W Unger
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, the Doherty InstituteMelbourneAustralia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Darwin HospitalDarwinAustralia
- Menzies School of Health ResearchDarwinAustralia
| | - Maria Ome-Kaius
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleAustralia
| | - Morten A Nielsen
- Centre for Medical Parasitology, Department of Microbiology and immunology, University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Ali Salanti
- Centre for Medical Parasitology, Department of Microbiology and immunology, University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
- Department of Infectious Disease, Copenhagen University HospitalCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Joe Smith
- Seattle Children’s Research InstituteSeattleUnited States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Stephen Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, the Doherty InstituteMelbourneAustralia
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Seattle Children’s Research InstituteSeattleUnited States
- Immune Therapies Group, Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet InstituteMelbourneAustralia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash UniversityMelbourneAustralia
| | - Bruce D Wines
- Immune Therapies Group, Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet InstituteMelbourneAustralia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash UniversityMelbourneAustralia
| | - Julie A Simpson
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
| | - Amy W Chung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, the Doherty InstituteMelbourneAustralia
| | - Stephen J Rogerson
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, the Doherty InstituteMelbourneAustralia
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20
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Lee WS, Selva KJ, Davis SK, Wines BD, Reynaldi A, Esterbauer R, Kelly HG, Haycroft ER, Tan HX, Juno JA, Wheatley AK, Hogarth PM, Cromer D, Davenport MP, Chung AW, Kent SJ. Decay of Fc-dependent antibody functions after mild to moderate COVID-19. Cell Rep Med 2021; 2:100296. [PMID: 33997824 PMCID: PMC8106889 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The capacity of antibodies to engage with immune cells via the Fc region is important in preventing and controlling many infectious diseases. The evolution of such antibodies during convalescence from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is largely unknown. We develop assays to measure Fc-dependent antibody functions against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike (S)-expressing cells in serial samples from subjects primarily with mild-moderate COVID-19 up to 149 days post-infection. We find that S-specific antibodies capable of engaging Fcγ receptors decay over time, with S-specific antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and antibody-dependent phagocytosis (ADP) activity within plasma declining accordingly. Although there is significant decay in ADCC and ADP activity, they remain readily detectable in almost all subjects at the last time point studied (94%) in contrast with neutralization activity (70%). Although it remains unclear the degree to which Fc effector functions contribute to protection against SARS-CoV-2 re-infection, our results indicate that antibodies with Fc effector functions persist longer than neutralizing antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Shi Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kevin John Selva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Samantha K. Davis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Bruce D. Wines
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Arnold Reynaldi
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Robyn Esterbauer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Hannah G. Kelly
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ebene R. Haycroft
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Hyon-Xhi Tan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jennifer A. Juno
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Adam K. Wheatley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - P. Mark Hogarth
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Deborah Cromer
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Miles P. Davenport
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Amy W. Chung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephen J. Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne Sexual Health Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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21
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Yaffe ZA, Naiman NE, Slyker J, Wines BD, Richardson BA, Hogarth PM, Bosire R, Farquhar C, Ngacha DM, Nduati R, John-Stewart G, Overbaugh J. Improved HIV-positive infant survival is correlated with high levels of HIV-specific ADCC activity in multiple cohorts. Cell Rep Med 2021; 2:100254. [PMID: 33948582 PMCID: PMC8080236 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Defining immune responses that protect humans against diverse HIV strains has been elusive. Studying correlates of protection from mother-to-child transmission provides a benchmark for HIV vaccine protection because passively transferred HIV antibodies are present during infant exposure to HIV through breast milk. A previous study by our group illustrated that passively acquired antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity is associated with improved infant survival whereas neutralization is not. Here, we show, in another cohort and with two effector measures, that passively acquired ADCC antibodies correlate with infant survival. In combined analyses of data from both cohorts, there are highly statistically significant associations between higher infant survival and passively acquired ADCC levels (p = 0.029) as well as dimeric FcγRIIa (p = 0.002) or dimeric FcγRIIIa binding (p < 0.001). These results suggest that natural killer (NK) cell- and monocyte antibody-mediated effector functions may contribute to the observed survival benefit and support a role of pre-existing ADCC-mediating antibodies in clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zak A. Yaffe
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Nicole E. Naiman
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jennifer Slyker
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, 325 9 Avenue, Seattle, WA 98104, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Bruce D. Wines
- Immune Therapies Laboratory, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Barbra A. Richardson
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, 325 9 Avenue, Seattle, WA 98104, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, 1705 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue N, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue N, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - P. Mark Hogarth
- Immune Therapies Laboratory, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Rose Bosire
- Centre for Public Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, 20752-00202 Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Carey Farquhar
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, 325 9 Avenue, Seattle, WA 98104, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Dorothy Mbori Ngacha
- HIV Section, United Nations Children’s Fund, 3 United Nations Plaza, New York, NY 10017, USA
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Nairobi, Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Ruth Nduati
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Nairobi, Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Grace John-Stewart
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, 325 9 Avenue, Seattle, WA 98104, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Julie Overbaugh
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue N, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
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22
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Selva KJ, van de Sandt CE, Lemke MM, Lee CY, Shoffner SK, Chua BY, Davis SK, Nguyen THO, Rowntree LC, Hensen L, Koutsakos M, Wong CY, Mordant F, Jackson DC, Flanagan KL, Crowe J, Tosif S, Neeland MR, Sutton P, Licciardi PV, Crawford NW, Cheng AC, Doolan DL, Amanat F, Krammer F, Chappell K, Modhiran N, Watterson D, Young P, Lee WS, Wines BD, Mark Hogarth P, Esterbauer R, Kelly HG, Tan HX, Juno JA, Wheatley AK, Kent SJ, Arnold KB, Kedzierska K, Chung AW. Systems serology detects functionally distinct coronavirus antibody features in children and elderly. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2037. [PMID: 33795692 PMCID: PMC8016934 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22236-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The hallmarks of COVID-19 are higher pathogenicity and mortality in the elderly compared to children. Examining baseline SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive immunological responses, induced by circulating human coronaviruses (hCoVs), is needed to understand such divergent clinical outcomes. Here we show analysis of coronavirus antibody responses of pre-pandemic healthy children (n = 89), adults (n = 98), elderly (n = 57), and COVID-19 patients (n = 50) by systems serology. Moderate levels of cross-reactive, but non-neutralizing, SARS-CoV-2 antibodies are detected in pre-pandemic healthy individuals. SARS-CoV-2 antigen-specific Fcγ receptor binding accurately distinguishes COVID-19 patients from healthy individuals, suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 infection induces qualitative changes to antibody Fc, enhancing Fcγ receptor engagement. Higher cross-reactive SARS-CoV-2 IgA and IgG are observed in healthy elderly, while healthy children display elevated SARS-CoV-2 IgM, suggesting that children have fewer hCoV exposures, resulting in less-experienced but more polyreactive humoral immunity. Age-dependent analysis of COVID-19 patients, confirms elevated class-switched antibodies in elderly, while children have stronger Fc responses which we demonstrate are functionally different. These insights will inform COVID-19 vaccination strategies, improved serological diagnostics and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Selva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Carolien E van de Sandt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Hematopoiesis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Melissa M Lemke
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Christina Y Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Suzanne K Shoffner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Brendon Y Chua
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Samantha K Davis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Thi H O Nguyen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Louise C Rowntree
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Luca Hensen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Marios Koutsakos
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Chinn Yi Wong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Francesca Mordant
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - David C Jackson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Katie L Flanagan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tasmanian Vaccine Trial Centre, Launceston General Hospital, Launceston, TAS, Australia
- School of Health Sciences and School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- School of Health and Biomedical Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jane Crowe
- Deepdene Surgery, Deepdene, VIC, Australia
| | - Shidan Tosif
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of General Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Melanie R Neeland
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Philip Sutton
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Paul V Licciardi
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nigel W Crawford
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Immunisation Service, Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Allen C Cheng
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Infection Prevention & Healthcare Epidemiology Unit, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Denise L Doolan
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health & Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| | - Fatima Amanat
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Florian Krammer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Keith Chappell
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Naphak Modhiran
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Daniel Watterson
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Paul Young
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Wen Shi Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Bruce D Wines
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Robyn Esterbauer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Hannah G Kelly
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Hyon-Xhi Tan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jennifer A Juno
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Adam K Wheatley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Health, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kelly B Arnold
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Katherine Kedzierska
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Amy W Chung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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23
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Feng G, Wines BD, Kurtovic L, Chan JA, Boeuf P, Mollard V, Cozijnsen A, Drew DR, Center RJ, Marshall DL, Chishimba S, McFadden GI, Dent AE, Chelimo K, Boyle MJ, Kazura JW, Hogarth PM, Beeson JG. Mechanisms and targets of Fcγ-receptor mediated immunity to malaria sporozoites. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1742. [PMID: 33741975 PMCID: PMC7979888 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21998-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A highly protective vaccine will greatly facilitate achieving and sustaining malaria elimination. Understanding mechanisms of antibody-mediated immunity is crucial for developing vaccines with high efficacy. Here, we identify key roles in humoral immunity for Fcγ-receptor (FcγR) interactions and opsonic phagocytosis of sporozoites. We identify a major role for neutrophils in mediating phagocytic clearance of sporozoites in peripheral blood, whereas monocytes contribute a minor role. Antibodies also promote natural killer cell activity. Mechanistically, antibody interactions with FcγRIII appear essential, with FcγRIIa also required for maximum activity. All regions of the circumsporozoite protein are targets of functional antibodies against sporozoites, and N-terminal antibodies have more activity in some assays. Functional antibodies are slowly acquired following natural exposure to malaria, being present among some exposed adults, but uncommon among children. Our findings reveal targets and mechanisms of immunity that could be exploited in vaccine design to maximize efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoqian Feng
- Burnet Institute for Medical Research and Public Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine and Doherty Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Bruce D Wines
- Burnet Institute for Medical Research and Public Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Liriye Kurtovic
- Burnet Institute for Medical Research and Public Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jo-Anne Chan
- Burnet Institute for Medical Research and Public Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Philippe Boeuf
- Burnet Institute for Medical Research and Public Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine and Doherty Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Vanessa Mollard
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Anton Cozijnsen
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Damien R Drew
- Burnet Institute for Medical Research and Public Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rob J Center
- Burnet Institute for Medical Research and Public Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine and Doherty Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Daniel L Marshall
- Burnet Institute for Medical Research and Public Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sandra Chishimba
- Burnet Institute for Medical Research and Public Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine and Doherty Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Geoffrey I McFadden
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Arlene E Dent
- Centre for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Kiprotich Chelimo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Maseno University, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Michelle J Boyle
- Burnet Institute for Medical Research and Public Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Immunology, IMR-Berghofer Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - James W Kazura
- Centre for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Burnet Institute for Medical Research and Public Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - James G Beeson
- Burnet Institute for Medical Research and Public Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Medicine and Doherty Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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Kurtovic L, Wetzel D, Reiling L, Drew DR, Palmer C, Kouskousis B, Hanssen E, Wines BD, Hogarth PM, Suckow M, Jenzelewski V, Piontek M, Chan JA, Beeson JG. Novel Virus-Like Particle Vaccine Encoding the Circumsporozoite Protein of Plasmodium falciparum Is Immunogenic and Induces Functional Antibody Responses in Mice. Front Immunol 2021; 12:641421. [PMID: 33815393 PMCID: PMC8010251 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.641421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
RTS,S is the leading malaria vaccine in development, but has demonstrated only moderate protective efficacy in clinical trials. RTS,S is a virus-like particle (VLP) that uses the human hepatitis B virus as scaffold to display the malaria sporozoite antigen, circumsporozoite protein (CSP). Particle formation requires four-fold excess scaffold antigen, and as a result, CSP represents only a small portion of the final vaccine construct. Alternative VLP or nanoparticle platforms that reduce the amount of scaffold antigen and increase the amount of the target CSP antigen present in particles may enhance vaccine immunogenicity and efficacy. Here, we describe the production and characterization of a novel VLP that uses the small surface antigen (dS) of duck hepatitis B virus to display CSP. The CSP-dS fusion protein successfully formed VLPs without the need for excess scaffold antigen, and thus CSP represented a larger portion of the vaccine construct. CSP-dS formed large particles approximately 31-74 nm in size and were confirmed to display CSP on the surface. CSP-dS VLPs were highly immunogenic in mice and induced antibodies to multiple regions of CSP, even when administered at a lower vaccine dosage. Vaccine-induced antibodies demonstrated relevant functional activities, including Fc-dependent interactions with complement and Fcγ-receptors, previously identified as important in malaria immunity. Further, vaccine-induced antibodies had similar properties (epitope-specificity and avidity) to monoclonal antibodies that are protective in mouse models. Our novel platform to produce VLPs without excess scaffold protein has wide implications for the future development of vaccines for malaria and other infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liriye Kurtovic
- Life Sciences, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Departments of Immunology and Pathology and Infectious Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Linda Reiling
- Life Sciences, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Damien R. Drew
- Life Sciences, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | | | - Eric Hanssen
- The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Bruce D. Wines
- Life Sciences, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Departments of Immunology and Pathology and Infectious Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - P. Mark Hogarth
- Life Sciences, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Departments of Immunology and Pathology and Infectious Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Jo-Anne Chan
- Life Sciences, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Departments of Immunology and Pathology and Infectious Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - James G. Beeson
- Life Sciences, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Departments of Immunology and Pathology and Infectious Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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25
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Hew M, Lee J, Varese N, Aui PM, McKenzie CI, Wines BD, Aumann H, Rolland JM, Mark Hogarth P, Zelm MC, O’Hehir RE. Epidemic thunderstorm asthma susceptibility from sensitization to ryegrass (Lolium perenne) pollen and major allergen Lol p 5. Allergy 2020; 75:2369-2372. [PMID: 32293712 PMCID: PMC7540598 DOI: 10.1111/all.14319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Hew
- Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology Alfred Health Melbourne VIC Australia
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Joy Lee
- Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology Alfred Health Melbourne VIC Australia
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Nirupama Varese
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine Central Clinical School Monash University and Alfred Health Melbourne VIC Australia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology Central Clinical School Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Pei M. Aui
- Department of Immunology and Pathology Central Clinical School Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Craig I. McKenzie
- Department of Immunology and Pathology Central Clinical School Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Bruce D. Wines
- Department of Immunology and Pathology Central Clinical School Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia
- Immune Therapies Group Burnet Institute Melbourne VIC Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology University of Melbourne Parkville VIC Australia
| | - Heather Aumann
- Department of Haematology Alfred Health Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Jennifer M. Rolland
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine Central Clinical School Monash University and Alfred Health Melbourne VIC Australia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology Central Clinical School Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Phillip Mark Hogarth
- Department of Immunology and Pathology Central Clinical School Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia
- Immune Therapies Group Burnet Institute Melbourne VIC Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology University of Melbourne Parkville VIC Australia
| | - Menno C. Zelm
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine Central Clinical School Monash University and Alfred Health Melbourne VIC Australia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology Central Clinical School Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Robyn E. O’Hehir
- Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology Alfred Health Melbourne VIC Australia
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine Central Clinical School Monash University and Alfred Health Melbourne VIC Australia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology Central Clinical School Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia
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26
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Suphaphiphat K, Bernard-Stoecklin S, Gommet C, Delache B, Dereuddre-Bosquet N, Kent SJ, Wines BD, Hogarth PM, Le Grand R, Cavarelli M. Innate and Adaptive Anti-SIV Responses in Macaque Semen: Implications for Infectivity and Risk of Transmission. Front Immunol 2020; 11:850. [PMID: 32528466 PMCID: PMC7247827 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 infection is transmitted primarily by sexual exposure, with semen being the principal contaminated fluid. However, HIV-specific immune response in semen has been understudied. We investigated specific parameters of the innate, cellular, and humoral immune response that may affect semen infectivity in macaques infected with SIVmac251. Serial semen levels of cytokines and chemokines, SIV-specific antibodies, neutralization, and FcγR-mediated functions and SIV-specific T-cell responses were assessed and compared to systemic responses across 53 cynomolgus macaques. SIV infection induced an overall inflammatory state in the semen. Several pro-inflammatory molecules correlated with SIV virus levels. Effector CD8+ T cells were expanded in semen upon infection. SIV-specific CD8+ T-cells that expressed multiple effector molecules (IFN-γ+MIP-1β+TNF+/−) were induced in the semen of a subset of SIV-infected macaques, but this did not correlate with local viral control. SIV-specific IgG, commonly capable of engaging the FcγRIIIa receptor, was detected in most semen samples although this positively correlated with seminal viral load. Several inflammatory immune responses in semen develop in the context of higher levels of SIV seminal plasma viremia. These inflammatory immune responses could play a role in viral transmission and should be considered in the development of preventive and prophylactic vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karunasinee Suphaphiphat
- CEA-Université Paris Sud-INSERM U1184, "Immunology of Viral Infections and Auto-Immune Diseases", IDMIT Department, IBFJ, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Sibylle Bernard-Stoecklin
- CEA-Université Paris Sud-INSERM U1184, "Immunology of Viral Infections and Auto-Immune Diseases", IDMIT Department, IBFJ, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Céline Gommet
- CEA-Université Paris Sud-INSERM U1184, "Immunology of Viral Infections and Auto-Immune Diseases", IDMIT Department, IBFJ, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Benoit Delache
- CEA-Université Paris Sud-INSERM U1184, "Immunology of Viral Infections and Auto-Immune Diseases", IDMIT Department, IBFJ, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Nathalie Dereuddre-Bosquet
- CEA-Université Paris Sud-INSERM U1184, "Immunology of Viral Infections and Auto-Immune Diseases", IDMIT Department, IBFJ, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Melbourne Sexual Health Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,ARC Centre for Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Bruce D Wines
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Roger Le Grand
- CEA-Université Paris Sud-INSERM U1184, "Immunology of Viral Infections and Auto-Immune Diseases", IDMIT Department, IBFJ, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Mariangela Cavarelli
- CEA-Université Paris Sud-INSERM U1184, "Immunology of Viral Infections and Auto-Immune Diseases", IDMIT Department, IBFJ, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
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Chenoweth AM, Wines BD, Anania JC, Mark Hogarth P. Harnessing the immune system via FcγR function in immune therapy: a pathway to next-gen mAbs. Immunol Cell Biol 2020; 98:287-304. [PMID: 32157732 PMCID: PMC7228307 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The human fragment crystallizable (Fc)γ receptor (R) interacts with antigen‐complexed immunoglobulin (Ig)G ligands to both activate and modulate a powerful network of inflammatory host‐protective effector functions that are key to the normal physiology of immune resistance to pathogens. More than 100 therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are approved or in late stage clinical trials, many of which harness the potent FcγR‐mediated effector systems to varying degrees. This is most evident for antibodies targeting cancer cells inducing antibody‐dependent killing or phagocytosis but is also true to some degree for the mAbs that neutralize or remove small macromolecules such as cytokines or other Igs. The use of mAb therapeutics has also revealed a “scaffolding” role for FcγR which, in different contexts, may either underpin the therapeutic mAb action such as immune agonism or trigger catastrophic adverse effects. The still unmet therapeutic need in many cancers, inflammatory diseases or emerging infections such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) requires increased effort on the development of improved and novel mAbs. A more mature appreciation of the immunobiology of individual FcγR function and the complexity of the relationships between FcγRs and antibodies is fueling efforts to develop more potent “next‐gen” therapeutic antibodies. Such development strategies now include focused glycan or protein engineering of the Fc to increase affinity and/or tailor specificity for selective engagement of individual activating FcγRs or the inhibitory FcγRIIb or alternatively, for the ablation of FcγR interaction altogether. This review touches on recent aspects of FcγR and IgG immunobiology and its relationship with the present and future actions of therapeutic mAbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia M Chenoweth
- Immune Therapies Laboratory, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College, London, UK
| | - Bruce D Wines
- Immune Therapies Laboratory, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Jessica C Anania
- Immune Therapies Laboratory, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Immune Therapies Laboratory, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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28
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Kurtovic L, Atre T, Feng G, Wines BD, Chan JA, Boyle MJ, Drew DR, Hogarth PM, Fowkes FJI, Bergmann-Leitner ES, Beeson JG. Multi-functional antibodies are induced by the RTS,S malaria vaccine and associated with protection in a phase I/IIa trial. J Infect Dis 2020; 224:1128-1138. [PMID: 32236404 PMCID: PMC8514181 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background RTS,S is the leading malaria vaccine candidate but only confers partial efficacy against malaria in children. RTS,S is based on the major Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite surface antigen, circumsporozoite protein (CSP). The induction of anti-CSP antibodies is important for protection; however, it is unclear how these protective antibodies function. Methods We quantified the induction of functional anti-CSP antibody responses in healthy malaria-naive adults (N = 45) vaccinated with RTS,S/AS01. This included the ability to mediate effector functions via the fragment crystallizable (Fc) region, such as interacting with human complement proteins and Fcγ-receptors (FcγRs) that are expressed on immune cells, which promote various immunological functions. Results Our major findings were (1) RTS,S-induced antibodies mediated Fc-dependent effector functions, (2) functional antibodies were generally highest after the second vaccine dose, (3) functional antibodies targeted multiple regions of CSP, (4) participants with higher levels of functional antibodies had a reduced probability of developing parasitemia following homologous challenge (P < .05), and (5) nonprotected subjects had higher levels of anti-CSP IgM. Conclusions Our data suggest a role for Fc-dependent antibody effector functions in RTS,S-induced immunity. Enhancing the induction of these functional activities may be a strategy to improve the protective efficacy of RTS,S or other malaria vaccines. Clinical Trials Registration NCT00075049
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Affiliation(s)
- Liriye Kurtovic
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tanmaya Atre
- Malaria Vaccine Branch, US Military Malaria Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, United States
| | | | - Bruce D Wines
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jo-Anne Chan
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Michelle J Boyle
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,QIMR Berghofer, Herston, Australia
| | | | - P Mark Hogarth
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Freya J I Fowkes
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine and Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Elke S Bergmann-Leitner
- Malaria Vaccine Branch, US Military Malaria Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, United States
| | - James G Beeson
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.,Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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29
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Vanderven HA, Barr I, Reynaldi A, Wheatley AK, Wines BD, Davenport MP, Hogarth PM, Kent SJ. Fc functional antibody responses to adjuvanted versus unadjuvanted seasonal influenza vaccination in community-dwelling older adults. Vaccine 2020; 38:2368-2377. [PMID: 32035709 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.01.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Seasonal influenza vaccination with a standard trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) induces a modest, and cross-reactive, Fc functional antibody response in older adults. Recent improvements to influenza vaccines include a quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV) and a TIV adjuvanted with the squalene-based oil-in-water emulsion MF59. METHODS Pre- and post-vaccination serum samples from older adults vaccinated with QIV (n = 27) and adjuvanted TIV (n = 44) were studied using hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) assays and dimeric Fc-gamma receptor IIIa binding ELISAs, as a surrogate of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). RESULTS We found that the unadjuvanted QIV elicited a stronger HAI response against the H1N1 vaccine virus than the adjuvanted TIV. Post-vaccination levels of HA-specific ADCC antibodies were similar for older adults vaccinated with QIV and adjuvanted TIV. The ADCC response to influenza vaccination was largely determined by pre-vaccination or baseline levels of these antibodies, with older adults with low baseline levels of ADCC activity demonstrating greater post-vaccination rises. CONCLUSIONS In this cohort of community-dwelling older adults, the QIV was at least as good as the adjuvanted TIV in the induction of ADCC and HAI responses. Further studies on how these antibody responses translate to efficacy in preventing influenza infections are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hillary A Vanderven
- Biomedicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Douglas, Queensland, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ian Barr
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Arnold Reynaldi
- Infection Analytics Program, Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of New South Wales Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Adam K Wheatley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bruce D Wines
- Immune Therapies Laboratory, Burnet Institute, Victoria, Australia
| | - Miles P Davenport
- Infection Analytics Program, Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of New South Wales Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Immune Therapies Laboratory, Burnet Institute, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Melbourne Sexual Health Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Health, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Australia.
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30
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Lopez E, Scott NE, Wines BD, Hogarth PM, Wheatley AK, Kent SJ, Chung AW. Low pH Exposure During Immunoglobulin G Purification Methods Results in Aggregates That Avidly Bind Fcγ Receptors: Implications for Measuring Fc Dependent Antibody Functions. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2415. [PMID: 31681303 PMCID: PMC6797627 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Evaluating the biophysical and functional nature of IgG is key to defining correlates of protection in infectious disease, and autoimmunity research cohorts, as well as vaccine efficacy trials. These studies often require small quantities of IgG to be purified from plasma for downstream analysis with high throughput immunoaffinity formats which elute IgG at low-pH, such as Protein G and Protein A. Herein we sought to compare Protein G purification of IgG with an immunoaffinity method which elutes at physiological pH (Melon Gel). Critical factors impacting Fc functionality with the potential to significantly influence FcγR binding, such as IgG subclass distribution, N-glycosylation, aggregation, and IgG conformational changes were investigated and compared. We observed that transient exposure of IgG to the low-pH elution buffer, used during the Protein G purification process, artificially enhanced recognition of Fcγ Receptors (FcγRs) as demonstrated by Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR), FcγR dimer ELISA, and a functional cell-based assay. Furthermore, low-pH exposed IgG caused conformational changes resulting in increased aggregation and hydrophobicity; factors likely to contribute to the observed enhanced interaction with FcγRs. These results highlight that methods employed to purify IgG can significantly alter FcγR-binding behavior and biological activity and suggest that the IgG purification approach selected may be a previously overlooked factor contributing to the poor reproducibility across current assays employed to evaluate Fc-mediated antibody effector functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ester Lopez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Nichollas E Scott
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Bruce D Wines
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Adam K Wheatley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Infectious Diseases Department, Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Central Clinical School, Alfred Health, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Amy W Chung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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31
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Vanderven HA, Wragg K, Ana-Sosa-Batiz F, Kristensen AB, Jegaskanda S, Wheatley AK, Wentworth D, Wines BD, Hogarth PM, Rockman S, Kent SJ. Anti-Influenza Hyperimmune Immunoglobulin Enhances Fc-Functional Antibody Immunity During Human Influenza Infection. J Infect Dis 2019; 218:1383-1393. [PMID: 29860297 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiy328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background New treatments for severe influenza are needed. Passive transfer of influenza-specific hyperimmune pooled immunoglobulin (Flu-IVIG) boosts neutralizing antibody responses to past strains in influenza-infected subjects. The effect of Flu-IVIG on antibodies with Fc-mediated functions, which may target diverse influenza strains, is unclear. Methods We studied the capacity of Flu-IVIG, relative to standard IVIG, to bind to Fcγ receptors and mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity in vitro. The effect of Flu-IVIG infusion, compared to placebo infusion, was examined in serial plasma samples from 24 subjects with confirmed influenza infection in the INSIGHT FLU005 pilot study. Results Flu-IVIG contains higher concentrations of Fc-functional antibodies than IVIG against a diverse range of influenza hemagglutinins. Following infusion of Flu-IVIG into influenza-infected subjects, a transient increase in Fc-functional antibodies was present for 1-3 days against infecting and noninfecting strains of influenza. Conclusions Flu-IVIG contains antibodies with Fc-mediated functions against influenza virus, and passive transfer of Flu-IVIG increases anti-influenza Fc-functional antibodies in the plasma of influenza-infected subjects. Enhancement of Fc-functional antibodies to a diverse range of influenza strains suggests that Flu-IVIG infusion could prove useful in the context of novel influenza virus infections, when there may be minimal or no neutralizing antibodies in the Flu-IVIG preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hillary A Vanderven
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Biomedicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Douglas, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kathleen Wragg
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Fernanda Ana-Sosa-Batiz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anne B Kristensen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sinthujan Jegaskanda
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Adam K Wheatley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Steve Rockman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Seqirus Ltd, Parkville
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Melbourne Sexual Health Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Health, Central Clinical School, Monash University.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Billings H, Wines BD, Dyer WB, Center RJ, Trist HM, Kent SJ, Hogarth PM. Boosting of Markers of Fcγ Receptor Function in Anti-HIV Antibodies During Structured Treatment Interruption. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2019; 35:842-852. [PMID: 31288562 PMCID: PMC6735329 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2019.0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-HIV envelope (Env) antibodies elicit important Fc receptor functions, including FcγRIIIa-mediated natural killer cell killing of opsonized infected targets. How these antibodies evolve during HIV infection and treatment remains poorly understood. We describe changes in anti-HIV Env IgG using longitudinal samples from seroconverter subjects treated soon after infection and later during periods of structured treatment interruption (STI). Our well-validated dimeric rsFcγR binding assays combine effects of opsonizing antibody subclasses, epitopes, and geometries to provide a measure of FcγR (Fcγ receptor)-mediated functionality. IgG1 anti-Env titers diminished rapidly during antiretroviral therapy (ART; t1/2 3.0 ± 0.8 months), while the dimeric rsFcγRIIIa activity persisted longer (t1/2 33 ± 11 months), suggesting that there is maintenance of functional antibody specificities within the diminished pool of anti-HIV Env Abs. The initial antibody response to infection in two subjects was characterized by approximately fivefold higher FcγRIIIa compared with FcγRIIa binding activity. Uncoupling of FcγRIIa and FcγRIIIa activities may be a distinct feature of the early antibody response that preferentially engages FcγRIIIa-mediated effector functions. Two to three STI cycles, even with low viremia, were sufficient to boost dimeric FcγR activity in these seroconverter subjects. We hypothesize that increased humoral immunity induced by STI is a desirable functional outcome potentially achievable by therapeutic immunization during ART. We conclude that controlled viral antigen exposure under the protection of suppressive ART may be effective in eliciting FcγR-dependent function in support of viral reactivation and kill strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugh Billings
- Immune Therapies Group, Life Sciences, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Bruce D. Wines
- Immune Therapies Group, Life Sciences, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Immunology, Monash University Central Clinical School, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Wayne B. Dyer
- Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Alexandria, Australia
- School of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Robert J. Center
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Disease Elimination, Life Sciences, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Halina M. Trist
- Immune Therapies Group, Life Sciences, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Stephen J. Kent
- Disease Elimination, Life Sciences, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - P. Mark Hogarth
- Immune Therapies Group, Life Sciences, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Immunology, Monash University Central Clinical School, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Vanderven HA, Jegaskanda S, Wines BD, Hogarth PM, Carmuglia S, Rockman S, Chung AW, Kent SJ. Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity Responses to Seasonal Influenza Vaccination in Older Adults. J Infect Dis 2019; 217:12-23. [PMID: 29106590 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jix554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Older adults are at high risk of influenza disease, but generally respond poorly to vaccination. Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) may be an important component of protection against influenza infection. An improved understanding of the ADCC response to influenza vaccination in older adults is required. Methods We studied sera samples from 3 groups of subjects aged ≥65 years (n = 16-17/group) receiving the 2008/2009 seasonal trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV). Subjects had minimal pre-existing hemagglutination inhibiting (HAI) antibodies and TIV induced either no, low, or high HAI responses. Serum ADCC activity was analyzed using Fc receptor cross-linking, NK cell activation, and influenza-infected cell killing. Results Most subjects from TIV nonresponder, low responder, and high responder groups had detectable ADCC antibodies prevaccination, but baseline ADCC was not predictive of HAI vaccine responsiveness. Interestingly, ADCC and HAI responses tracked closely across all groups, against all 3 TIV hemagglutinins, and in all ADCC assays tested. Conclusions Older adults commonly have pre-existing ADCC antibodies in the absence of high HAI titers to circulating influenza strains. In older vaccinees, ADCC response mirrored HAI antibodies and was readily detectable despite high postvaccination HAI titers. Alternate measures of vaccine responsiveness and improved vaccinations in this at-risk group are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hillary A Vanderven
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne
| | - Sinthujan Jegaskanda
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne
| | | | | | | | | | - Amy W Chung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne.,Melbourne Sexual Health Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Health, Central Clinical School, Monash University.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Anania JC, Chenoweth AM, Wines BD, Hogarth PM. The Human FcγRII (CD32) Family of Leukocyte FcR in Health and Disease. Front Immunol 2019; 10:464. [PMID: 30941127 PMCID: PMC6433993 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
FcγRs have been the focus of extensive research due to their key role linking innate and humoral immunity and their implication in both inflammatory and infectious disease. Within the human FcγR family FcγRII (activatory FcγRIIa and FcγRIIc, and inhibitory FcγRIIb) are unique in their ability to signal independent of the common γ chain. Through improved understanding of the structure of these receptors and how this affects their function we may be able to better understand how to target FcγR specific immune activation or inhibition, which will facilitate in the development of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies in patients where FcγRII activity may be desirable for efficacy. This review is focused on roles of the human FcγRII family members and their link to immunoregulation in healthy individuals and infection, autoimmunity and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica C Anania
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Alicia M Chenoweth
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Bruce D Wines
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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35
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Anand SP, Prévost J, Baril S, Richard J, Medjahed H, Chapleau JP, Tolbert WD, Kirk S, Smith AB, Wines BD, Kent SJ, Hogarth PM, Parsons MS, Pazgier M, Finzi A. Two Families of Env Antibodies Efficiently Engage Fc-Gamma Receptors and Eliminate HIV-1-Infected Cells. J Virol 2019; 93:e01823-18. [PMID: 30429344 PMCID: PMC6340017 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01823-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 conceals epitopes of its envelope glycoproteins (Env) recognized by antibody (Ab)-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)-mediating antibodies. These Abs, including anti-coreceptor binding site (CoRBS) and anti-cluster A antibodies, preferentially recognize Env in its "open" conformation. The binding of anti-CoRBS Abs has been shown to induce conformational changes that further open Env, allowing interaction of anti-cluster A antibodies. We explored the possibility that CoRBS Abs synergize with anti-cluster A Abs to engage Fc-gamma receptors to mediate ADCC. We found that binding of anti-CoRBS and anti-cluster A Abs to the same gp120 is required for interaction with soluble dimeric FcγRIIIa in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). We also found that Fc regions of both Abs are required to optimally engage FcγRIIIa and mediate robust ADCC. Taken together, our results indicate that these two families of Abs act together in a sequential and synergistic fashion to promote FcγRIIIa engagement and ADCC.IMPORTANCE The "open" CD4-bound conformation of HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins is the primary target of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)-mediating antibodies present in HIV-positive (HIV+) sera, such as anti-coreceptor binding site and anti-cluster A antibodies. Here we report that the binding of these two families of antibodies is required to engage FcγRIIIa and mediate ADCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Priya Anand
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jérémie Prévost
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sophie Baril
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jonathan Richard
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Jean-Philippe Chapleau
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - William D Tolbert
- Infectious Diseases Division, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sharon Kirk
- Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Amos B Smith
- Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Bruce D Wines
- Immune Therapies Group Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Immune Therapies Group Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthew S Parsons
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marzena Pazgier
- Infectious Diseases Division, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrés Finzi
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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36
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Parsons MS, Lee WS, Kristensen AB, Amarasena T, Khoury G, Wheatley AK, Reynaldi A, Wines BD, Hogarth PM, Davenport MP, Kent SJ. Fc-dependent functions are redundant to efficacy of anti-HIV antibody PGT121 in macaques. J Clin Invest 2018; 129:182-191. [PMID: 30475230 DOI: 10.1172/jci122466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A considerable body of evidence suggests that Fc-dependent functions improve the capacity of broadly neutralizing antibodies (BnAbs) to protect against and control HIV-1 infection. This phenomenon, however, has not been formally tested in robust cell-associated macaque simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) models with newer-generation BnAbs. We studied both the WT BnAb PGT121 and a LALA mutant of PGT121 (which has impaired Fc-dependent functions) for their ability to protect pigtail macaques from an i.v. high-dose cell-associated SHIVSF162P3 challenge. We found that both WT and LALA PGT121 completely protected all 12 macaques studied. Further, partial depletion of NK cells, key mediators of Fc-dependent functions, did not abrogate the protective efficacy of PGT121 in 6 macaques. Additionally, in animals with established SHIVSF162P3 infection, SHIV viremia levels were equally rapidly reduced by LALA and WT PGT121. Our studies suggest that the potent neutralizing capacity of PGT121 renders the Fc-dependent functions of the Ab at least partially redundant. These findings have implications for Ab-mediated protection from and control of HIV-1 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S Parsons
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, and
| | - Wen Shi Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, and
| | - Anne B Kristensen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, and
| | - Thakshila Amarasena
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, and
| | - Georges Khoury
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, and
| | - Adam K Wheatley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, and.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Arnold Reynaldi
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bruce D Wines
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Miles P Davenport
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, and.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Melbourne Sexual Health Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Health, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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37
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Anania JC, Trist HM, Palmer CS, Tan PS, Kouskousis BP, Chenoweth AM, Kent SJ, Mackay GA, Hoi A, Koelmeyer R, Slade C, Bryant VL, Hodgkin PD, Aui PM, van Zelm MC, Wines BD, Hogarth PM. The Rare Anaphylaxis-Associated FcγRIIa3 Exhibits Distinct Characteristics From the Canonical FcγRIIa1. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1809. [PMID: 30177930 PMCID: PMC6109644 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
FcγRIIa is an activating FcγR, unique to humans and non-human primates. It induces antibody-dependent proinflammatory responses and exists predominantly as FcγRIIa1. A unique splice variant, we designated FcγRIIa3, has been reported to be associated with anaphylactic reactions to intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) therapy. We aim to define the functional consequences of this FcγRIIa variant associated with adverse responses to IVIg therapy and evaluate the frequency of associated SNPs. FcγRIIa forms from macaque and human PBMCs were investigated for IgG-subclass specificity, biochemistry, membrane localization, and functional activity. Disease-associated SNPs were analyzed by sequencing genomic DNA from 224 individuals with immunodeficiency or autoimmune disease. FcγRIIa3 was identified in macaque and human PBMC. The FcγRIIa3 is distinguished from the canonical FcγRIIa1 by a unique 19-amino acid cytoplasmic insertion and these two FcγRIIa forms responded distinctly to antibody ligation. Whereas FcγRIIa1 was rapidly internalized, FcγRIIa3 was retained longer at the membrane, inducing greater calcium mobilization and cell degranulation. Four FCGR2A SNPs were identified including the previously reported intronic SNP associated with anaphylaxis, but in only 1 of 224 individuals. The unique cytoplasmic element of FcγRIIa3 delays internalization and is associated with enhanced cellular activation. The frequency of the immunodeficiency-associated SNP varies between disease populations but interestingly occurred at a lower frequency than previously reported. None-the-less enhanced FcγRIIa3 function may promote a proinflammatory environment and predispose to pathological inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica C Anania
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Halina M Trist
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Catherine S Palmer
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Monash Micro Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Peck Szee Tan
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Betty P Kouskousis
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Monash Micro Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Alicia M Chenoweth
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Graham A Mackay
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Alberta Hoi
- Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Rachel Koelmeyer
- Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Charlotte Slade
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Walter and Eliza Hall Institute for Medical Research, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,The Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Centre for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Vanessa L Bryant
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Walter and Eliza Hall Institute for Medical Research, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,The Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Centre for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Philip D Hodgkin
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Walter and Eliza Hall Institute for Medical Research, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Pei Mun Aui
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,The Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Centre for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Menno C van Zelm
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,The Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Centre for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Bruce D Wines
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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Parsons MS, Lloyd SB, Lee WS, Kristensen AB, Amarasena T, Center RJ, Keele BF, Lifson JD, LaBranche CC, Montefiori D, Wines BD, Hogarth PM, Swiderek KM, Venturi V, Davenport MP, Kent SJ. Partial efficacy of a broadly neutralizing antibody against cell-associated SHIV infection. Sci Transl Med 2018; 9:9/402/eaaf1483. [PMID: 28794282 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaf1483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Broadly neutralizing antibodies (BnAbs) protect macaques from cell-free simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) challenge, but their efficacy against cell-associated SHIV is unclear. Virus in cell-associated format is highly infectious, present in transmission-competent bodily fluids, and potentially capable of evading antibody-mediated neutralization. The PGT121 BnAb, which recognizes an epitope consisting of the V3 loop and envelope glycans, mediates antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and neutralization of cell-to-cell HIV-1 transmission. To evaluate whether a BnAb can prevent infection after cell-associated viral challenge, we infused pigtail macaques with PGT121 or an isotype control and challenged animals 1 hour later intravenously with SHIVSF162P3-infected splenocytes. All five controls had high viremia 1 week after challenge. Three of six PGT121-infused animals were completely protected, two of six animals had a 1-week delay in onset of high viremia, and one animal had a 7-week delay in onset of viremia. The infused antibody had decayed on average to 2.0 μg/ml by 1 week after infusion and was well below 1 μg/ml (range, <0.1 to 0.8 μg/ml) by 8 weeks. The animals with a 1-week delay before high viremia had relatively lower plasma concentrations of PGT121. Transfer of 22 million peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) stored at weeks 1 to 4 from the animal with the 7-week delayed onset of viremia into uninfected macaques did not initiate infection. Our results show that HIV-1-specific neutralizing antibodies have partial efficacy against cell-associated virus exposure in macaques. We conclude that sustaining high concentrations of bioavailable BnAb is important for protecting against cell-associated virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S Parsons
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.
| | - Sarah B Lloyd
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Wen Shi Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Anne B Kristensen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Thakshila Amarasena
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Rob J Center
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Brandon F Keele
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Lifson
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | | | | | - Bruce D Wines
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | | | - Vanessa Venturi
- Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Miles P Davenport
- Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia. .,Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Hospital Department of Infectious Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3053, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
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Wines BD, Billings H, Mclean MR, Kent SJ, Hogarth PM. Antibody Functional Assays as Measures of Fc Receptor-Mediated Immunity to HIV - New Technologies and their Impact on the HIV Vaccine Field. Curr HIV Res 2018; 15:202-215. [PMID: 28322167 PMCID: PMC5543561 DOI: 10.2174/1570162x15666170320112247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background: There is now intense interest in the role of HIV-specific antibodies and the engagement of FcγR functions in the control and prevention of HIV infection. The analyses of the RV144 vaccine trial, natural progression cohorts, and macaque models all point to a role for Fc-dependent effector functions, such as cytotoxicity (ADCC) or phagocytosis (ADCP), in the control of HIV. However, reliable assays that can be reproducibly used across different laboratories to measure Fc-dependent functions, such as antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) are limited. Method: This brief review highlights the importance of Fc properties for immunity to HIV, particular-ly via FcγR diversity and function. We discuss assays used to study FcR mediated functions of HIV-specific Ab, including our recently developed novel cell-free ELISA using homo-dimeric FcγR ecto-domains to detect functionally relevant viral antigen-specific antibodies. Results: The binding of these dimeric FcγR ectodomains, to closely spaced pairs of IgG Fc, mimics the engagement and cross-linking of Fc receptors by IgG opsonized virions or infected cells as the es-sential prerequisite to the induction of Ab-dependent effector functions. The dimeric FcγR ELISA reli-ably correlates with ADCC in patient responses to influenza. The assay is amenable to high throughput and could be standardized across laboratories. Conclusion: We propose the assay has broader implications for the evaluation of the quality of anti-body responses in viral infections and for the rapid evaluation of responses in vaccine development campaigns for HIV and other viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce D Wines
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Vic 3004, Australia.,Department of Immunology, Monash University Central Clinical School, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.,Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Hugh Billings
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Vic 3004, Australia
| | - Milla R Mclean
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Infectious Diseases Department, Alfred Health, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Vic 3004, Australia.,Department of Immunology, Monash University Central Clinical School, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.,Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
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Ana-Sosa-Batiz F, Johnston APR, Hogarth PM, Wines BD, Barr I, Wheatley AK, Kent SJ. Antibody-dependent phagocytosis (ADP) responses following trivalent inactivated influenza vaccination of younger and older adults. Vaccine 2017; 35:6451-6458. [PMID: 29029940 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.09.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Globally the most commonly utilised immunisation against influenza is the trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV) derived from an A/H1N1, an A/H3N2 and aB type influenza virus. Vaccine effectiveness of TIV varies year to year, depending on how well antigenically matched the strains in the vaccine are compared to circulating strains [1,2]. Moreover, vaccine effectiveness can vary within certain subpopulations such as HIV-positive, young children and the elderly. Decreased vaccine effectiveness in the elderly is associated with impaired Ab production, as measured by standard hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) assays. We investigated the level of Antibody Dependent Phagocytosis (ADP)-mediating Abs induced by the 2008-TIV in healthy Australian adults aged over and under 60years to determine if this immune function was also reduced in the elderly. We utilised an ADP assay that measures the uptake of IgG-opsonised HA-coated fluorescent microspheres by a monocytic cell line. We also measured HA-specific Abs that are close enough to bind to dimeric FcγRIIa ectodomains in an ELISA-based assay. Furthermore, we compared the extent of cross-reactive recognition of diverse influenza strains by ADP-mediating Abs found in pre- and post-vaccination sera in both of these groups. We found that young adults and older adults mounted similar ADP activity against HAs contained in the 2008-TIV, despite older adults have diminished HI responses. The level of cross-reactive antibodies against other HAs was limited in both groups. We conclude that seasonal influenza vaccination elicits limited cross-reactive ADP to HA in both young and older adults. New influenza vaccination strategies that elicit cross-reactive and polyfunctional antibodies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Ana-Sosa-Batiz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Angus P R Johnston
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics Laboratory, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Burnett Institute, 85 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Bruce D Wines
- Burnett Institute, 85 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Ian Barr
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Adam K Wheatley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Central Clinical School, Monash University, 580 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Melbourne, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
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41
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McLean MR, Madhavi V, Wines BD, Hogarth PM, Chung AW, Kent SJ. Dimeric Fcγ Receptor Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay To Study HIV-Specific Antibodies: A New Look into Breadth of Fcγ Receptor Antibodies Induced by the RV144 Vaccine Trial. J Immunol 2017; 199:816-826. [PMID: 28615419 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1602161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) responses are of growing interest in the HIV vaccine field but current cell-based assays are usually difficult to reproduce across laboratories. We developed an ELISA and multiplex assay to model the cross-linking of Fcγ receptors (FcγR) by Abs, which is required to initiate an ADCC response. Our FcγR dimer ELISA readily detected Abs in samples from two separate cohorts of the partially efficacious Thai RV144 HIV vaccine efficacy trial. The FcγR dimer-binding Abs induced by the RV144 regimen correlated well with a functional measure of ADCC as well as IgG subclasses. The high-throughput multiplex assay allowed us to simultaneously measure FcγR dimer-binding Abs to 32 different HIV Ags, providing a measure of the breadth of FcγR-binding Abs induced by the RV144 trial. FcγR-binding Abs specific to V regions 1 and 2 were strongly associated with increased breadth of recognition of different Env proteins, suggesting anti-V regions 1 and 2 Abs may be a marker of ADCC breadth. This FcγR dimer provides an important tool for the further analysis and refinement of ADCC-inducing HIV and other antiviral vaccine regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milla R McLean
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Vijaya Madhavi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Bruce D Wines
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.,Department of Immunology, Monash University Central Clinical School, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.,Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.,Department of Immunology, Monash University Central Clinical School, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.,Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Amy W Chung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia;
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia; .,Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Infectious Diseases Department, Alfred Health, Monash University Central Clinical School, Melbourne, Victoria 3053, Australia; and.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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42
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Kratochvil S, McKay PF, Kopycinski JT, Bishop C, Hayes PJ, Muir L, Pinder CL, Cizmeci D, King D, Aldon Y, Wines BD, Hogarth PM, Chung AW, Kent SJ, Held K, Geldmacher C, Dally L, Santos NS, Cole T, Gilmour J, Fidler S, Shattock RJ. A Phase 1 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Vaccine Trial for Cross-Profiling the Kinetics of Serum and Mucosal Antibody Responses to CN54gp140 Modulated by Two Homologous Prime-Boost Vaccine Regimens. Front Immunol 2017; 8:595. [PMID: 28596770 PMCID: PMC5442169 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A key aspect to finding an efficacious human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine is the optimization of vaccine schedules that can mediate the efficient maturation of protective immune responses. In the present study, we investigated the effect of alternate booster regimens on the immune responses to a candidate HIV-1 clade C CN54gp140 envelope protein, which was coadministered with the TLR4-agonist glucopyranosyl lipid A-aqueous formulation. Twelve study participants received a common three-dose intramuscular priming series followed by a final booster at either 6 or 12 months. The two homologous prime-boost regimens were well tolerated and induced CN54gp140-specific responses that were observed in both the systemic and mucosal compartments. Levels of vaccine-induced IgG-subclass antibodies correlated significantly with FcγR engagement, and both vaccine regimens were associated with strikingly similar patterns in antibody titer and FcγR-binding profiles. In both groups, identical changes in the antigen (Ag)-specific IgG-subclass fingerprint, leading to a decrease in IgG1 and an increase in IgG4 levels, were modulated by booster injections. Here, the dissection of immune profiles further supports the notion that prime-boost strategies are essential for the induction of diverse Ag-specific HIV-1 responses. The results reported here clearly demonstrate that identical responses were effectively and safely induced by both vaccine regimens, indicating that an accelerated 6-month regimen could be employed for the rapid induction of immune responses against CN54gp140 with no apparent impact on the overall quality of the induced immune response. (This study has been registered at http://ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT01966900.)
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Cynthia Bishop
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Biomedical Research Centre, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - Luke Muir
- Imperial College London, Medicine, London, UK
| | | | | | | | - Yoann Aldon
- Imperial College London, Medicine, London, UK
| | | | | | - Amy W Chung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Health, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kathrin Held
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical Center of the University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Christof Geldmacher
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical Center of the University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Len Dally
- Emmes Corporation, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Nelson S Santos
- NIHR/Wellcome Trust Imperial Clinical Research Facility Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Tom Cole
- NIHR/Wellcome Trust Imperial Clinical Research Facility Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
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43
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Wines BD, Yap ML, Powell MS, Tan P, Ko KK, Orlowski E, Hogarth PM. Distinctive expression of interleukin‐23 receptor subunits on human Th17 and γδ T cells. Immunol Cell Biol 2016; 95:272-279. [DOI: 10.1038/icb.2016.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bruce D Wines
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Department of Immunology, Monash University Central Clinical School Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - May L Yap
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Maree S Powell
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Peck‐Szee Tan
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - K Kerry Ko
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Eva Orlowski
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Department of Immunology, Monash University Central Clinical School Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia
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44
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Wines BD, Vanderven HA, Esparon SE, Kristensen AB, Kent SJ, Hogarth PM. Dimeric FcγR Ectodomains as Probes of the Fc Receptor Function of Anti-Influenza Virus IgG. J Immunol 2016; 197:1507-16. [PMID: 27385782 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1502551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, phagocytosis, and Ag presentation are key mechanisms of action of Abs arising in vaccine or naturally acquired immunity, as well of therapeutic mAbs. Cells expressing the low-affinity FcγRs (FcγRII or CD32 and FcγRIII or CD16) are activated for these functions when receptors are aggregated following the binding of IgG-opsonized targets. Despite the diversity of the Fc receptor proteins, IgG ligands, and potential responding cell types, the induction of all FcγR-mediated responses by opsonized targets requires the presentation of multiple Fc regions in close proximity to each other. We demonstrated that such "near-neighbor" Fc regions can be detected using defined recombinant soluble (rs) dimeric low-affinity ectodomains (rsFcγR) that have an absolute binding requirement for the simultaneous engagement of two IgG Fc regions. Like cell surface-expressed FcγRs, the binding of dimeric rsFcγR ectodomains to Ab immune complexes was affected by Ab subclass, presentation, opsonization density, Fc fucosylation, or mutation. The activation of an NK cell line and primary NK cells by human IgG-opsonized influenza A hemagglutinin correlated with dimeric rsFcγRIIIa binding activity but not with Ab titer. Furthermore, the dimeric rsFcγR binding assay sensitively detected greater Fc receptor activity to pandemic H1N1 hemagglutinin after the swine influenza pandemic of 2009 in pooled human polyclonal IgG. Thus these dimeric rsFcγR ectodomains are validated, defined probes that should prove valuable in measuring the immune-activating capacity of IgG Abs elicited by infection or vaccination or experimentally derived IgG and its variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce D Wines
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia; Department of Immunology, Monash University Central Clinical School, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia; Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Hillary A Vanderven
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Sandra E Esparon
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Anne B Kristensen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; and Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Infectious Diseases Department, Alfred Health, Monash University Central Clinical School, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia; Department of Immunology, Monash University Central Clinical School, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia; Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia;
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45
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Chenoweth AM, Trist HM, Tan PS, Wines BD, Hogarth PM. The high-affinity receptor for IgG, FcγRI, of humans and non-human primates. Immunol Rev 2015; 268:175-91. [DOI: 10.1111/imr.12366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alicia M. Chenoweth
- Centre for Biomedicine; Burnet Institute; Melbourne Vic. Australia
- Department of Immunology; Monash University; Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - Halina M. Trist
- Centre for Biomedicine; Burnet Institute; Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - Peck-Szee Tan
- Centre for Biomedicine; Burnet Institute; Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - Bruce D. Wines
- Centre for Biomedicine; Burnet Institute; Melbourne Vic. Australia
- Department of Immunology; Monash University; Melbourne Vic. Australia
- Department of Pathology; University of Melbourne; Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - P. Mark Hogarth
- Centre for Biomedicine; Burnet Institute; Melbourne Vic. Australia
- Department of Immunology; Monash University; Melbourne Vic. Australia
- Department of Pathology; University of Melbourne; Melbourne Vic. Australia
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46
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Trist HM, Tan PS, Wines BD, Ramsland PA, Orlowski E, Stubbs J, Gardiner EE, Pietersz GA, Kent SJ, Stratov I, Burton DR, Hogarth PM. Polymorphisms and interspecies differences of the activating and inhibitory FcγRII of Macaca nemestrina influence the binding of human IgG subclasses. J Immunol 2013; 192:792-803. [PMID: 24342805 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1301554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Little is known of the impact of Fc receptor (FcR) polymorphism in macaques on the binding of human (hu)IgG, and nothing is known of this interaction in the pig-tailed macaque (Macaca nemestrina), which is used in preclinical evaluation of vaccines and therapeutic Abs. We defined the sequence and huIgG binding characteristics of the M. nemestrina activating FcγRIIa (mnFcγRIIa) and inhibitory FcγRIIb (mnFcγRIIb) and predicted their structures using the huIgGFc/huFcγRIIa crystal structure. Large differences were observed in the binding of huIgG by mnFcγRIIa and mnFcγRIIb compared with their human FcR counterparts. MnFcγRIIa has markedly impaired binding of huIgG1 and huIgG2 immune complexes compared with huFcγRIIa (His(131)). In contrast, mnFcγRIIb has enhanced binding of huIgG1 and broader specificity, as, unlike huFcγRIIb, it avidly binds IgG2. Mutagenesis and molecular modeling of mnFcγRIIa showed that Pro(159) and Tyr(160) impair the critical FG loop interaction with huIgG. The enhanced binding of huIgG1 and huIgG2 by mnFcγRIIb was shown to be dependent on His(131) and Met(132). Significantly, both His(131) and Met(132) are conserved across FcγRIIb of rhesus and cynomolgus macaques. We identified functionally significant polymorphism of mnFcγRIIa wherein proline at position 131, also an important polymorphic site in huFcγRIIa, almost abolished binding of huIgG2 and huIgG1 and reduced binding of huIgG3 compared with mnFcγRIIa His(131). These marked interspecies differences in IgG binding between human and macaque FcRs and polymorphisms within species have implications for preclinical evaluation of Abs and vaccines in macaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halina M Trist
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
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47
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Wines BD, Trist HM, Farrugia W, Ngo C, Trowsdale J, Areschoug T, Lindahl G, Fraser JD, Ramsland PA. A conserved host and pathogen recognition site on immunoglobulins: structural and functional aspects. Adv Exp Med Biol 2012; 946:87-112. [PMID: 21948364 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-0106-3_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A common site in the constant region (Fc) of immunoglobulins is recognized by host receptors and is a frequent target of proteins expressed by pathogens. This site is located at the junction of two constant domains in the antibody heavy chains and produces a large shallow cavity formed by loops of the CH2 and CH3 domains in IgG and IgA (CH3 and CH4 domains in IgM). Crystal structures have been determined for complexes of IgG-Fc and IgA-Fc with a structurally diverse set of host, pathogen and in vitro selected ligands. While pathogen proteins may directly block interactions with the immunoglobulins thereby evading host immunity, it is likely that the same pathogen molecules also interact with other host factors to carry out their primary biological function. Herein we review the structural and functional aspects of host and pathogen molecular recognition of the common site on the Fc of immunoglobulins. We also propose that some pathogen proteins may promote virulence by affecting the bridging between innate and adaptive immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce D Wines
- Centre for Immunology, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
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48
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Wines BD, Ramsland PA, Trist HM, Gardam S, Brink R, Fraser JD, Hogarth PM. Interaction of human, rat, and mouse immunoglobulin A (IgA) with Staphylococcal superantigen-like 7 (SSL7) decoy protein and leukocyte IgA receptor. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:33118-24. [PMID: 21784854 PMCID: PMC3190891 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.272252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2011] [Revised: 07/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Host survival depends on an effective immune system and pathogen survival on the effectiveness of immune evasion mechanisms. Staphylococcus aureus utilizes a number of molecules to modulate host immunity, including the SSL family of which SSL7 binds IgA and inhibits Fcα receptor I (FcαRI)-mediated function. Other Gram-positive bacterial pathogens produce IgA binding proteins, which, similar to SSL7, also bind the Fc at the CH2/CH3 interface (the junction between constant domains 2 and 3 of the heavy chain). The opposing activities of the host FcαRI-IgA receptor ligand pair and the pathogen decoy proteins select for host and pathogen variants, which exert stronger protection or evasion, respectively. Curiously, mouse but not rat IgA contains a putative N-linked glycosylation site in the center of this host receptor and pathogen-binding site. Here, we demonstrate that this site is glycosylated and that the effect of amino acid changes and glycosylation of the CH2/CH3 interface inhibits interaction with the pathogen IgA binding protein SSL7, while maintaining binding of pIgR, essential to the biosynthesis and transport of SIgA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce D. Wines
- From the Centre for Immunology, The Burnet Institute, 85 Commercial Road, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - Paul A. Ramsland
- From the Centre for Immunology, The Burnet Institute, 85 Commercial Road, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - Halina M. Trist
- From the Centre for Immunology, The Burnet Institute, 85 Commercial Road, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - Sandra Gardam
- the Immunology Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst 2010, Australia, and
| | - Robert Brink
- the Immunology Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst 2010, Australia, and
| | - John D. Fraser
- the Maurice Wilkins Centre and School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1020, New Zealand
| | - P. Mark Hogarth
- From the Centre for Immunology, The Burnet Institute, 85 Commercial Road, Melbourne 3004, Australia
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49
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Ramsland PA, Farrugia W, Bradford TM, Tan Sardjono C, Esparon S, Trist HM, Powell MS, Szee Tan P, Cendron AC, Wines BD, Scott AM, Hogarth PM. Structural basis for Fc gammaRIIa recognition of human IgG and formation of inflammatory signaling complexes. J Immunol 2011; 187:3208-17. [PMID: 21856937 PMCID: PMC3282893 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1101467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of Abs with their specific FcRs is of primary importance in host immune effector systems involved in infection and inflammation, and are the target for immune evasion by pathogens. FcγRIIa is a unique and the most widespread activating FcR in humans that through avid binding of immune complexes potently triggers inflammation. Polymorphisms of FcγRIIa (high responder/low responder [HR/LR]) are linked to susceptibility to infections, autoimmune diseases, and the efficacy of therapeutic Abs. In this article, we define the three-dimensional structure of the complex between the HR (arginine, R134) allele of FcγRIIa (FcγRIIa-HR) and the Fc region of a humanized IgG1 Ab, hu3S193. The structure suggests how the HR/LR polymorphism may influence FcγRIIa interactions with different IgG subclasses and glycoforms. In addition, mutagenesis defined the basis of the epitopes detected by FcR blocking mAbs specific for FcγRIIa (IV.3), FcγRIIb (X63-21), and a pan FcγRII Ab (8.7). The epitopes detected by these Abs are distinct, but all overlap with residues defined by crystallography to contact IgG. Finally, crystal structures of LR (histidine, H134) allele of FcγRIIa and FcγRIIa-HR reveal two distinct receptor dimers that may represent quaternary states on the cell surface. A model is presented whereby a dimer of FcγRIIa-HR binds Ag-Ab complexes in an arrangement that possibly occurs on the cell membrane as part of a larger signaling assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A. Ramsland
- Centre for Immunology, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia,Department of Surgery, Austin Hospital, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia,Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - William Farrugia
- Centre for Immunology, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Tessa M. Bradford
- Centre for Immunology, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | | | - Sandra Esparon
- Centre for Immunology, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Halina M. Trist
- Centre for Immunology, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Maree S. Powell
- Centre for Immunology, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia,Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia,Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3056, Australia
| | - Peck Szee Tan
- Centre for Immunology, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Angela C. Cendron
- Centre for Immunology, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Bruce D. Wines
- Centre for Immunology, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia,Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia,Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3056, Australia
| | - Andrew M. Scott
- Tumour Targeting Program, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia
| | - P. Mark Hogarth
- Centre for Immunology, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia,Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia,Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3056, Australia
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50
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Patel D, Wines BD, Langley RJ, Fraser JD. Specificity of staphylococcal superantigen-like protein 10 toward the human IgG1 Fc domain. J Immunol 2010; 184:6283-92. [PMID: 20427768 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0903311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcal superantigen-like protein 10 (SSL10) is a highly conserved member of the SSL family secreted by Staphylococcus aureus that displays structural but not functional similarity to superantigens. SSL10 bound to fibrinogen and fibronectin from plasma and in addition displayed striking specificity toward the gamma-1 subclass of human Igs. SSL10 also bound strongly to primate IgG but not to any other species tested, including rabbit, pig, guinea pig, cow, sheep, or mouse. A soluble form of the 12-kDa beta-grasp C-terminal domain of SSL10 (SSL10(95-197)) retained fibrinogen and fibronectin binding but lost the ability to bind IgG1, indicating that SSL10 bound to IgG1 primarily through its N-terminal oligonucleotide binding fold domain. SSL10 blocked the binding of IgG1 to FcgammaRs on monocytes and neutrophil phagocytosis of IgG1-opsonized bacteria. Mutagenesis of human IgG1 at key sites significantly reduced SSL10 binding including Lys(322) that is important for C1q binding, a combination of Leu(234) and Leu(235) that are important for FcgammaR binding, and a combination of Lys(274) and Asp(276) that together are unique to IgG1. These mutations suggest that the most likely site bound by SSL10 is the outer face of the Cgamma2 domain in close proximity to both the FcgammaR and C1q binding sites. SSL10 is a potential virulence factor for S. aureus targeting IgG1-mediated immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Patel
- School of Medical Sciences and Maurice Wilkins Centre of Excellence, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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