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Bampi A, Sorg C, Brandl F. Model-based and model-free decision making in major depressive disorder after performing behavioral training. Eur Psychiatry 2022. [PMCID: PMC9567395 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction In major depressive disorder (MDD), reward-based decision-making (DM) is frequently impaired: e.g. patients don’t engage in pleasant activities as much as healthy subjects. Put differently, previous and expected future rewards have less reinforcing effects on DM. This study investigated two experimentally well-observable reward-based DM modes, namely model-based (based on cognitive models of the environment) and model-free (based on previous experience) DM. Objectives We hypothesized that model-based training can improve reward-based DM in patients with MDD. Answers to these questions could enhance the development of cognitive-behavioral therapeutic interventions. Methods 27 patients with MDD were recruited and assessed with psychometry. All patients performed the „two-step Markov decision-task“ (Daw, 2011), which allows the simultaneous investigation of model-based and model-free DM via computational modelling. All subjects performed the task 4 times: at the beginning and at the end of 2 assessment days (session-interval: 4 days). Subjects were randomly allocated to an intervention group, which performed model-based training, and a control group, which performed model-free training. The main outcomes of training effect were the influence of model-based reward expectations on decisions (quantified by computational modelling parameters) and overall monetary reward-success. Results In all patients, the influence of model-based reward expectations on decisions increased after training. However, there was no significant effect of group allocation. Furthermore, patients in the intervention group did not achieve significantly higher overall monetary reward. Conclusions Results suggest that in MDD, the influence of model-based reward expectations on decisions can be improved regardless of specific training type. Future studies should investigate the effects on everyday functioning. Disclosure No significant relationships.
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Bludau S, Bzdok D, Gruber O, Kohn N, Riedl V, Sorg C, Palomero-Gallagher N, Müller V, Hoffstaedter F, Amunts K, Eickhoff S. EP 81. Medial prefrontal aberrations in major depressive disorder revealed by Cytoarchitectonically informed Voxel-based Morphometry. Clin Neurophysiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2016.05.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Bäuml JG, Meng C, Daamen M, Baumann N, Busch B, Bartmann P, Wolke D, Boecker H, Wohlschläger A, Sorg C, Jaekel J. The association of children’s mathematic abilities with both adults’ cognitive abilities and intrinsic fronto-parietal networks is altered in preterm-born individuals. Brain Struct Funct 2016; 222:799-812. [DOI: 10.1007/s00429-016-1247-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Schilbach L, Hoffstaedter F, Müller V, Cieslik E, Goya-Maldonado R, Trost S, Sorg C, Riedl V, Jardri R, Sommer I, Kogler L, Derntl B, Gruber O, Eickhoff S. Transdiagnostic commonalities and differences in resting state functional connectivity of the default mode network in schizophrenia and major depression. Neuroimage Clin 2015; 10:326-35. [PMID: 26904405 PMCID: PMC4724692 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2015.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia and depression are prevalent psychiatric disorders, but their underlying neural bases remains poorly understood. Neuroimaging evidence has pointed towards the relevance of functional connectivity aberrations in default mode network (DMN) hubs, dorso-medial prefrontal cortex and precuneus, in both disorders, but commonalities and differences in resting state functional connectivity of those two regions across disorders has not been formally assessed. Here, we took a transdiagnostic approach to investigate resting state functional connectivity of those two regions in 75 patients with schizophrenia and 82 controls from 4 scanning sites and 102 patients with depression and 106 controls from 3 sites. Our results demonstrate common dysconnectivity patterns as indexed by a significant reduction of functional connectivity between precuneus and bilateral superior parietal lobe in schizophrenia and depression. Furthermore, our findings highlight diagnosis-specific connectivity reductions of the parietal operculum in schizophrenia relative to depression. In light of evidence that points towards the importance of the DMN for social cognitive abilities and well documented impairments of social interaction in both patient groups, it is conceivable that the observed transdiagnostic connectivity alterations may contribute to interpersonal difficulties, but this could not be assessed directly in our study as measures of social behavior were not available. Given the operculum's role in somatosensory integration, diagnosis-specific connectivity reductions may indicate a pathophysiological mechanism for basic self-disturbances that is characteristic of schizophrenia, but not depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Schilbach
- Max-Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - F. Hoffstaedter
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - V. Müller
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - E.C. Cieslik
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - R. Goya-Maldonado
- Center for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
| | - S. Trost
- Center for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
| | - C. Sorg
- Department of Psychiatry, Technical University Munich, Germany
| | - V. Riedl
- Department of Psychiatry, Technical University Munich, Germany
| | - R. Jardri
- Divison of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Lille, France
| | - I. Sommer
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - L. Kogler
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - B. Derntl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - O. Gruber
- Center for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
| | - S.B. Eickhoff
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
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Jurcoane A, Daamen M, Scheef L, Bäuml J, Meng C, Wohlschlaäger A, Sorg C, Busch B, Baumann N, Wolke D, Bartmann P, Hattingen E, Boecker H. P118. White matter macro- and microstructure alterations in preterm born adults. Clin Neurophysiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2015.04.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Sorg C, Göttler J, Zimmer C. Imaging Neurodegeneration: Steps Toward Brain Network-Based Pathophysiology and Its Potential for Multi-modal Imaging Diagnostics. Clin Neuroradiol 2015. [PMID: 26216653 DOI: 10.1007/s00062-015-0438-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Multi-modal brain imaging provides different in vivo windows into the human brain and thereby different ways to characterize brain disorders. Particularly, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging facilitates the study of macroscopic intrinsic brain networks, which are critical for development and spread of neurodegenerative processes in different neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of the current study is to present and highlight some paradigmatic findings in intrinsic network-based pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases and its potential for new network-based multimodal tools in imaging diagnostics. METHODS Qualitative review of selected multi-modal imaging studies in neurodegenerative diseases particularly in Alzheimer's disease (AD). RESULTS Functional connectivity of intrinsic brain networks is selectively and progressively impaired in AD, with changes likely starting before the onset of symptoms in fronto-parietal key networks such as default mode or attention networks. Patterns of distribution and development of both amyloid-β plaques and atrophy are linked with network connectivity changes, suggesting that start and spread of pathology interacts with network connectivity. Qualitatively similar findings have been observed in other neurodegenerative disorders, suggesting shared mechanisms of network-based pathophysiology across diseases. CONCLUSION Spread of neurodegeneration is intimately linked with the functional connectivity of intrinsic brain networks. These pathophysiological insights pave the way for new multi-modal network-based tools to detect and characterize neurodegeneration in individual patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sorg
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675, München, Germany. .,Department of Psychiatry, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675, München, Germany. .,TUM-Neuroimaging Center of the Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany.
| | - J Göttler
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675, München, Germany.,TUM-Neuroimaging Center of the Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - C Zimmer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675, München, Germany
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Daamen M, Bäuml JG, Scheef L, Sorg C, Busch B, Baumann N, Bartmann P, Wolke D, Wohlschläger A, Boecker H. Neurale Korrelate von Arbeitsgedächtnisleistungen bei erwachsenen Frühgeborenen. KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1371289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Brandi ML, Wohlschläger A, Sorg C, Goldenberg G, Hermsdörfer J. Neuronale Korrelate des Werkzeuggebrauchs und Handlungsplanung. KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1337238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Sorg C. Biomarker der Alzheimer Krankheit basierend auf veränderter Hirnkonnektivität. KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1301507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Redel P, Bublak P, Sorg C, Kurz A, Förstl H, Müller H, Schneider W, Perneczky R, Finke K. Deficits of spatial and task-related attentional selection in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2012; 33:195.e27-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2010.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2009] [Revised: 04/29/2010] [Accepted: 05/14/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Averill MM, Barnhart S, Becker L, Li X, Heinecke JW, Leboeuf RC, Hamerman JA, Sorg C, Kerkhoff C, Bornfeldt KE. S100A9 differentially modifies phenotypic states of neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells: implications for atherosclerosis and adipose tissue inflammation. Circulation 2011; 123:1216-26. [PMID: 21382888 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.110.985523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND S100A9 is constitutively expressed in neutrophils, dendritic cells, and monocytes; is associated with acute and chronic inflammatory conditions; and is implicated in obesity and cardiovascular disease in humans. Most of the constitutively secreted S100A9 is derived from myeloid cells. A recent report demonstrated that mice deficient in S100A9 exhibit reduced atherosclerosis compared with controls and suggested that this effect was due in large part to loss of S100A9 in bone marrow-derived cells. METHODS AND RESULTS To directly investigate the role of bone marrow-derived S100A9 in atherosclerosis and insulin resistance in mice, low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient, S100A9-deficient bone marrow chimeras were generated. Neither atherosclerosis nor insulin resistance was reduced in S100A9-deficient chimeras fed a diet rich in fat and carbohydrates. To investigate the reason for this lack of effect, myeloid cells were isolated from the peritoneal cavity or bone marrow. S100A9-deficient neutrophils exhibited a reduced secretion of cytokines in response to toll-like receptor-4 stimulation. In striking contrast, S100A9-deficient dendritic cells showed an exacerbated release of cytokines after toll-like receptor stimulation. Macrophages rapidly lost S100A9 expression during maturation; hence, S100A9 deficiency did not affect the inflammatory status of macrophages. CONCLUSIONS S100A9 differentially modifies phenotypic states of neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells. The effect of S100A9 deficiency on atherosclerosis and other inflammatory diseases is therefore predicted to depend on the relative contribution of these cell types at different stages of disease progression. Furthermore, S100A9 expression in nonmyeloid cells is likely to contribute to atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle M Averill
- Department of Pathology, Diabetes and Obesity Center of Excellence, 815 Mercer St, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109-8055, USA
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Myers N, Sorg C, Riedl V, Wohlschläger A. Resting-state Networks in Dementia. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1268266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Redel P, Bublak P, Sorg C, Kurz A, Förstl H, Müller H, Schneider W, Finke K. PW01-87 - Deficits of spatial and task-related attentional selection in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Eur Psychiatry 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(10)71486-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Kalckreuth AV, Sorg C, Neufang S, Valet M, Gündel H, Tölle TR, Wohlschläger AM. Veränderte Co-Aktivität intrinsischer Hirnnetzwerke bei Patienten mit somatoformer Schmerzstörung. Akt Neurol 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1238548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Myers NE, Redel P, Bublak P, Müller HJ, Förstl H, Drzezga A, Wohlschläger AM, Finke K, Sorg C. Interhemispheric Metabolic Imbalance Between Temporoparietal Junctions and Inferior Parietal Lobules Correlates with Spatial Attentional Bias in Individuals with Very Early Alzheimer's Disease. Neuroimage 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1053-8119(09)70711-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Sorg C, Neufang S, Riedl V, Wohlschläger A. Compensatory recruitment and intrinsic brain organization in Alzheimer's disease. Neuroimage 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1053-8119(09)70488-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Plant C, Sorg C, Riedl V, Wohlschläger A. Reduced Regional Integration in the Default Network of Patients with Very Mild Alzheimer's Disease Detected by Bootstrapping Rest-fMRI Data. Neuroimage 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1053-8119(09)70266-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Drzezga A, Grimmer T, Henriksen G, Mühlau M, Perneczky R, Miederer I, Praus C, Sorg C, Wohlschläger A, Riemenschneider M, Wester HJ, Foerstl H, Schwaiger M, Kurz A. Effect of APOE genotype on amyloid plaque load and gray matter volume in Alzheimer disease. Neurology 2009; 72:1487-94. [PMID: 19339712 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181a2e8d0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the influence of the APOE genotype on levels of beta-amyloid (Abeta) plaque load and atrophy in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) in vivo. METHODS Thirty-two patients with moderate AD were divided into carriers and noncarriers of the epsilon4 allele. These groups were matched for age, disease duration, education, and cognitive impairment. In all subjects, [11C]PIB-PET was performed for measurement of cerebral Abeta plaque deposition and cranial MRI for the assessment of gray matter volume by voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and for correction of partial volume effects (PVE) in the PET data. Voxel-based comparisons (SPM5) were performed between patient groups and healthy control populations and completed with multiple regression analyses between imaging data and epsilon4 allele frequency. RESULTS Compared to controls, AD-typical patterns of [11C]PIB retention and atrophy were detected in both epsilon4-positive and epsilon4-negative patient groups. In direct comparison, significantly stronger and more extended [11C]PIB uptake was found in epsilon4-positive patients in bilateral temporoparietal and frontal cortex, surviving PVE correction. VBM analysis demonstrated comparable levels of atrophy in both patient groups. Regression analyses revealed a linear association between higher epsilon4 allele frequency and stronger temporoparietal Abeta plaque deposition, independently of other confounds. No major correlation between epsilon4 allele frequency and gray matter decrease was observed. CONCLUSION These results indicate that the epsilon4-positive APOE genotype not only represents a risk factor for Alzheimer disease (AD), but also results in higher levels of Abeta plaque deposition in epsilon4-positive patients with AD compared to age-matched epsilon4-negative patients with similar levels of cognitive impairment and brain atrophy. The potential role of Abeta plaque imaging for patient inclusion and follow-up in anti-amyloid therapy trials is strengthened by these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Drzezga
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technischen Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, D-81675 München/Munich, Germany.
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Redel P, Bublak P, Sorg C, Schneider WX, Müller HJ, Finke K. Analysis of top-down control and spatial attention in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's disease based on Bundesen's Theory of Visual Attention. KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1216255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Myers N, Redel P, Bublak P, Müller HJ, Förstl H, Drzezga A, Wohlschläger A, Finke K, Sorg C. Imbalanced metabolism between right and left temporoparietal junction predicts spatial bias in individuals with very early Alzheimer's disease. KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1216256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Cheng P, Corzo CA, Luetteke N, Yu B, Nagaraj S, Bui MM, Ortiz M, Nacken W, Sorg C, Vogl T, Roth J, Gabrilovich DI. Inhibition of dendritic cell differentiation and accumulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in cancer is regulated by S100A9 protein. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 205:2235-49. [PMID: 18809714 PMCID: PMC2556797 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20080132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 682] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Accumulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) associated with inhibition of dendritic cell (DC) differentiation is one of the major immunological abnormalities in cancer and leads to suppression of antitumor immune responses. The molecular mechanism of this phenomenon remains unclear. We report here that STAT3-inducible up-regulation of the myeloid-related protein S100A9 enhances MDSC production in cancer. Mice lacking this protein mounted potent antitumor immune responses and rejected implanted tumors. This effect was reversed by administration of wild-type MDSCs from tumor-bearing mice to S100A9-null mice. Overexpression of S100A9 in cultured embryonic stem cells or transgenic mice inhibited the differentiation of DCs and macrophages and induced accumulation of MDSCs. This study demonstrates that tumor-induced up-regulation of S100A9 protein is critically important for accumulation of MDSCs and reveals a novel molecular mechanism of immunological abnormalities in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingyan Cheng
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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Gündel H, Valet M, Sorg C, Huber D, Zimmer C, Sprenger T, Tölle TR. Altered cerebral response to noxious heat stimulation in patients with somatoform pain disorder. Pain 2008; 137:413-421. [PMID: 18022320 DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2007.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2007] [Revised: 09/11/2007] [Accepted: 10/01/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H Gündel
- Abteilung Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Carl-Neuberg - Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany Neurologische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Germany Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Germany Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychosomatische Medizin, Psychotherapie und Med. Psychologie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Germany Abteilung für Neuroradiologie, Institut für Röntgendiagnostik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Germany
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Schnekenburger J, Schick V, Krüger B, Manitz MP, Sorg C, Nacken W, Kerkhoff C, Kahlert A, Mayerle J, Domschke W, Lerch MM. The calcium binding protein S100A9 is essential for pancreatic leukocyte infiltration and induces disruption of cell-cell contacts. J Cell Physiol 2008; 216:558-67. [PMID: 18452188 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.21433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Leukocyte infiltration is an early and critical event in the development of acute pancreatitis. However, the mechanism of leukocyte transmigration into the pancreas and the function of leukocytes in initiating acute pancreatitis are still poorly understood. Here, we studied the role of S100A9 (MRP14), a calcium binding protein specifically released by polymorph nuclear leukocytes (PMN), in the course of acute experimental pancreatitis. Acute pancreatitis was induced by repeated supramaximal caerulein injections in S100A9 deficient or S100A9 wild-type mice. We then determined S100A9 expression, trypsinogen activation peptide (TAP) levels, serum amylase and lipase activities, and tissue myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. Cell-cell contact dissociation was analyzed in vitro with biovolume measurements of isolated acini after incubation with purified S100A8/A9 heterodimers, and in vivo as measurement of Evans Blue extravasation after intravenous application of S100A8/A9. Pancreatitis induced increased levels of S100A9 in the pancreas. However, infiltration of leukocytes and MPO activity in the lungs and pancreas during acute pancreatitis was decreased in S100A9-deficient mice and associated with significantly lower serum amylase and lipase activities as well as reduced intrapancreatic TAP-levels. Incubation of isolated pancreatic acini with purified S100A8/A9-heterodimers resulted in a rapid dissociation of acinar cell-cell contacts which was highly calcium-dependent. Consistent with these findings, in vivo application of S100A8/A9 in mice was in itself sufficient to induce pancreatic cell-cell contract dissociation as indicated by Evans Blue extravasation. These data show that the degree of intrapancreatic trypsinogen activation is influenced by the extent of leukocyte infiltration into the pancreas which, in turn, depends on the presence of S100A9 that is secreted from PMN. S100A9 directly affects leukocyte tissue invasion and mediates cell contact dissociation via its calcium binding properties.
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Vogl T, Tenbrock K, Ludwig S, Leukert N, Ehrhardt C, van Zoelen MAD, Nacken W, Foell D, van der Poll T, Sorg C, Roth J. Mrp8 and Mrp14 are endogenous activators of Toll-like receptor 4, promoting lethal, endotoxin-induced shock. Nat Med 2007; 13:1042-9. [PMID: 17767165 DOI: 10.1038/nm1638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1022] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2007] [Accepted: 06/27/2007] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
To identify new components that regulate the inflammatory cascade during sepsis, we characterized the functions of myeloid-related protein-8 (Mrp8, S100A8) and myeloid-related protein-14 (Mrp14, S100A9), two abundant cytoplasmic proteins of phagocytes. We now demonstrate that mice lacking Mrp8-Mrp14 complexes are protected from endotoxin-induced lethal shock and Escherichia coli-induced abdominal sepsis. Both proteins are released during activation of phagocytes, and Mrp8-Mrp14 complexes amplify the endotoxin-triggered inflammatory responses of phagocytes. Mrp8 is the active component that induces intracellular translocation of myeloid differentiation primary response protein 88 and activation of interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-1 and nuclear factor-kappaB, resulting in elevated expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). Using phagocytes expressing a nonfunctional Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), HEK293 cells transfected with TLR4, CD14 and MD2, and by surface plasmon resonance studies in vitro, we demonstrate that Mrp8 specifically interacts with the TLR4-MD2 complex, thus representing an endogenous ligand of TLR4. Therefore Mrp8-Mrp14 complexes are new inflammatory components that amplify phagocyte activation during sepsis upstream of TNFalpha-dependent effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Vogl
- Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Münster, D-48129 Münster, Germany
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25
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Wende H, Bernien M, Luo J, Sorg C, Ponpandian N, Kurde J, Miguel J, Piantek M, Xu X, Eckhold P, Kuch W, Baberschke K, Panchmatia PM, Sanyal B, Oppeneer PM, Eriksson O. Substrate-induced magnetic ordering and switching of iron porphyrin molecules. Nat Mater 2007; 6:516-20. [PMID: 17558431 DOI: 10.1038/nmat1932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2006] [Accepted: 04/18/2007] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
To realize molecular spintronic devices, it is important to externally control the magnetization of a molecular magnet. One class of materials particularly promising as building blocks for molecular electronic devices is the paramagnetic porphyrin molecule in contact with a metallic substrate. Here, we study the structural orientation and the magnetic coupling of in-situ-sublimated Fe porphyrin molecules on ferromagnetic Ni and Co films on Cu(100). Our studies involve X-ray absorption spectroscopy and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism experiments. In a combined experimental and computational study we demonstrate that owing to an indirect, superexchange interaction between Fe atoms in the molecules and atoms in the substrate (Co or Ni) the paramagnetic molecules can be made to order ferromagnetically. The Fe magnetic moment can be rotated along directions in plane as well as out of plane by a magnetization reversal of the substrate, thereby opening up an avenue for spin-dependent molecular electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wende
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin-Dahlem, Germany.
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26
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Ehrchen J, Helming L, Varga G, Pasche B, Loser K, Gunzer M, Sunderkötter C, Sorg C, Roth J, Lengeling A. Vitamin D receptor signaling contributes to susceptibility to infection with Leishmania major. FASEB J 2007; 21:3208-18. [PMID: 17551101 DOI: 10.1096/fj.06-7261com] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
We have previously reported that 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1alpha,25(OH)2D3) can selectively suppress key functions of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) activated macrophages. To further explore this mechanism for its relevance in vivo, we investigated an infection model that crucially depends on the function of IFN-gamma activated macrophages, the infection with the intracellular protozoan Leishmania major. 1Alpha,25(OH)2D3 treatment of L. major infected macrophages demonstrated a vitamin D receptor (Vdr) dependent inhibition of macrophage killing activity. Further analysis showed that this was a result of decreased production of nitric oxide by 1alpha,25(OH)2D3-treated macrophages due to Vdr-dependent up-regulation of arginase 1 expression, which overrides NO production by Nos2. When analyzing the course of infection in vivo, we found that Vdr-knockout (Vdr-KO) mice were more resistant to L. major infection than their wild-type littermates. This result is in agreement with an inhibitory influence of 1alpha,25(OH)2D3 on the macrophage mediated host defense. Further investigation showed that Vdr-KO mice developed an unaltered T helper cell type 1 (Th1) response on infection as indicated by normal production of IFN-gamma by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Therefore, we propose that the absence of 1alpha,25(OH)2D3-mediated inhibition of macrophage microbicidal activity in Vdr-KO mice results in increased resistance to Leishmania infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Ehrchen
- Institute for Experimental Dermatology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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27
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Cheng P, Yu B, Nadaf S, Carbone DP, Nacken W, Sorg C, Gabrilovich DI. A novel role of myeloid related protein in dendritic cell differentiation (49.11). The Journal of Immunology 2007. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.178.supp.49.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Abnormal differentiation of dendritic cell (DC) is a critical factor contributing into ineffective immune response in cancer. We have searched for the genes that could be involved into tumor-induced defects in DC differentiation and found that tumor-derived factors consistently up-regulated expression of myeloid related protein 14 (MRP14) and its partner MRP8 in hematopoietic progenitor and myeloid cells during DC differentiation. Normal DC differentiation was associated with dramatic down-regulation of MRP14/8, whereas accumulation of immature myeloid cells was associated with persistently high levels of these proteins. Overexpression of these proteins in embryonic stem cells resulted in inhibition of DC differentiation and accumulation of immature myeloid cells able to form myeloid colonies. It is known that Gr-1+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) frequently accumulate in tumor-bearing mice and during in vitro DC differentiation in the presence of tumor-derived factors. We have found that in tumor-bearing mice MRP14/8 were exclusively accumulated in MDSC. Accumulation of these proteins was controlled by up-regulation of STAT3. MRP14/8 knockout mice had normal level of DCs or MDSC suggesting that MRP proteins were not required for accumulation of MDSC in cancer. Thus, this study demonstrates that tumor-induced up-regulation of MRPs inhibits DC differentiation, which may suggest a novel molecular mechanism of tumor-induced abnormalities in myeloid cells in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingyan Cheng
- 1Immunology, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center,University of South Florida, 12902 Magnolia Dr, Tampa, FL, 33612,
| | - Bin Yu
- 1Immunology, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center,University of South Florida, 12902 Magnolia Dr, Tampa, FL, 33612,
| | - Sorena Nadaf
- 2The Vanderbilt Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, 685 Preston Research Building, Nashville, TN, 37232-6838,
| | - David P. Carbone
- 2The Vanderbilt Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, 685 Preston Research Building, Nashville, TN, 37232-6838,
| | - Wolfgang Nacken
- 3Institute for Experimental Dermatology, University of Muenster, Roentgenstr. 21, Muenster, 48149, Germany
| | - Clemens Sorg
- 3Institute for Experimental Dermatology, University of Muenster, Roentgenstr. 21, Muenster, 48149, Germany
| | - Dmitry I. Gabrilovich
- 1Immunology, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center,University of South Florida, 12902 Magnolia Dr, Tampa, FL, 33612,
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Valet M, Gündel H, Sprenger T, Sorg C, Zimmer C, Hemmer B, Mühlau M, Tölle TR. Gray-matter alterations in pain processing brain structures in patients with somatoform pain disorder – a voxel-based morphometric study. Akt Neurol 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-987831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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29
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Ehrchen J, Steinmüller L, Barczyk K, Tenbrock K, Nacken W, Eisenacher M, Nordhues U, Sorg C, Sunderkötter C, Roth J. Glucocorticoids induce differentiation of a specifically activated, anti-inflammatory subtype of human monocytes. Blood 2006; 109:1265-74. [PMID: 17018861 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2006-02-001115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocytes and macrophages may either promote or down-regulate inflammatory reactions depending on their state of activation. The effects of glucocorticoids (GCs), the most widely used immunosuppressive drugs, on monocytes are currently not well defined. By analyzing the GC-induced expression pattern in human monocytes by microarray technology, we identified for the first time GC-dependent regulation of 133 genes, including anti-inflammatory molecules such as adenosine A3 receptor, CD1d, and IL-1 receptor II. The results were independently confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and flow cytometry. Functional clustering of GC-regulated genes indicated induction of monocytic properties such as phagocytosis and motility as well as repression of adhesion, apoptosis, and oxidative burst. These predictions were confirmed by independent functional assays. GCs up-regulate fMLP receptors and specifically promote chemotaxis to this chemoattractant. Furthermore, GCs promote survival of an anti-inflammatory monocytic phenotype in inflammatory reactions, probably by inhibition of apoptosis because of oxidative stress. GCs limit tissue damage because of induction of antioxidative properties and high capacity for phagocytosis of proinflammatory agents. Thus, GC treatment did not cause a global suppression of monocytic effector functions but results in differentiation of a specific anti-inflammatory phenotype which seems to be actively involved in resolution of inflammatory reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Ehrchen
- Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Muenster, Germany
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30
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Mooren FC, Lechtermann A, Fobker M, Brandt B, Sorg C, Völker K, Nacken W. The Response of the Novel Pro-Inflammatory Molecules S100A8/A9 to Exercise. Int J Sports Med 2006; 27:751-8. [PMID: 16944403 DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-872909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Exercise shares many similarities with the acute phase response of inflammatory diseases. Recently, elevated serum levels of the novel pro-inflammatory molecules of the S100 protein family, S100A8 and S100A9, have been associated with various inflammatory diseases. The present study was conducted to assess their potential roles as inflammatory markers in monitoring the exercise-induced immune response. Seventeen male subjects of different training status performed a marathon run. Furthermore 13 subjects (10 male, 3 female) performed three different treadmill tests: strenuous (STE), moderate (MTE), and downhill (DTE). S100A8/A9 complexes were measured by ELISA, while white blood cell count (WBC) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were used as markers of the inflammatory response. Serum creatine kinase (CK) concentration was determined as a marker for muscle damage. After marathon S100A8/A9 increased dramatically during the early post-exercise period and returned to resting levels one day after the run. A similar pattern was found for WBC, while CK and CRP reached their maximum on the day after the run. Moreover, S100A8/A9 release was higher in the subgroup of well-trained athletes. The kinetic of the S100A8/A9 release after the treadmill tests depended on exercise intensity and was prolonged after eccentric exercise. In summary, the present results indicate that the novel pro-inflammatory molecules S100A8/A9 are very early and sensitive markers of the exercise-induced inflammatory response. Further investigations are necessary to evaluate the applicability of S100A8/A9 for monitoring the training process and to elucidate the dependence on training status.
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Affiliation(s)
- F C Mooren
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Muenster University Hospital, Horstmarer Landweg 39, 48129 Muenster, Germany.
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31
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Sorg C. An der Medizinischen Universität Innsbruck gelangt die Planstelle eines/einer Universitätsprofessors/Universitätsprofessorin für Augenheilkunde und Optometrie zur Besetzung. Spektrum Augenheilkd 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03163515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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32
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Viemann D, Goebeler M, Schmid S, Nordhues U, Klimmek K, Sorg C, Roth J. TNF induces distinct gene expression programs in microvascular and macrovascular human endothelial cells. J Leukoc Biol 2006; 80:174-85. [PMID: 16617158 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0905530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The relevance of the diversity of endothelial cells (ECs) for the response to inflammatory stimuli is currently not well defined. Using oligonucleotide microarray technique, we systematically analyzed the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-induced expression profile in human microvascular ECs (HMEC) and macrovascular human umbilical vein ECs (HUVEC), analyzing 13,000 human genes by microarray analysis. Using strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, microarray analysis revealed that about half of the TNF-induced genes were specific for HMEC-1 or HUVEC. The microarray data could widely be confirmed by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and at the protein level. It is interesting that the majority of those genes regulated depending on the cell type encoded for chemokines, cytokines, and cell surface molecules. Our results argue for a more careful consideration of specific effects restricted to distinct subtypes of ECs. The establishment of EC type-specific expression patterns may thus provide the basis for a selective manipulation of specific endothelial subtypes in different inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothee Viemann
- Department of Experimental Dermatology and Interdisciplinary Clinical Research Center, University of Münster, Röntgenstr. 21, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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Leukert N, Vogl T, Strupat K, Reichelt R, Sorg C, Roth J. Calcium-dependent tetramer formation of S100A8 and S100A9 is essential for biological activity. J Mol Biol 2006; 359:961-72. [PMID: 16690079 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2006.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2005] [Revised: 03/01/2006] [Accepted: 04/05/2006] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
S100 proteins comprise the largest family of calcium-binding proteins. Members of this family usually form homo- or heterodimers, which may associate to higher-order oligomers in a calcium-dependent manner. The heterodimers of S100A8 and S100A9 represent the major calcium-binding proteins in phagocytes. Both proteins regulate migration of these cells via modulation of tubulin polymerization. Calcium binding induces formation of (S100A8/S100A9)2 tetramers. The functional relevance of these higher-order oligomers of S100 proteins, however, is not yet clear. To investigate the importance of higher-order oligomerization for S100 proteins, we created a set of mutations within S100A9 (N69A, E78A, N69A+E78A) destroying the high-affinity C-terminal calcium-binding site (EF-hand II). Mutations in EF-hand II did not interfere with formation of the S100A8/S100A9 heterodimer as demonstrated by yeast two-hybrid experiments and pull-down assays. In contrast, mass spectrometric analysis and density gradient centrifugation revealed that calcium-induced association of (S100A8/S100A9)2 tetramers was strictly dependent on a functional EF-hand II in S100A9. Failure of tetramer formation was associated with a lack of functional activity of S100A8/S100A9 complexes in promoting the formation of microtubules. Thus, our data demonstrate that calcium-dependent formation of (S100A8/S100A9)2 tetramers is an essential prerequisite for biological function. This is the first report showing a functional relevance of calcium-induced higher-order oligomerization in the S100 family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadja Leukert
- Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Muenster, Roentgenstr. 21, 48149 Muenster, Germany
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34
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Scherz A, Gross EKU, Appel H, Sorg C, Baberschke K, Wende H, Burke K. Measuring the kernel of time-dependent density functional theory with x-ray absorption spectroscopy of transition metals. Phys Rev Lett 2005; 95:253006. [PMID: 16384459 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.253006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The 2p-3d core-hole interaction in the L2.3 absorption spectra of the transition metals is treated within time-dependent density functional theory. A simple three-level model explains the origin of the strong deviations from the one-particle branching ratio and yields matrix elements of the unknown exchange-correlation kernel directly from experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Scherz
- Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin-Dahlem, Germany
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35
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Tenbrock K, Kyttaris VC, Ahlmann M, Ehrchen JM, Tolnay M, Melkonyan H, Mawrin C, Roth J, Sorg C, Juang YT, Tsokos GC. The Cyclic AMP Response Element Modulator Regulates Transcription of the TCR ζ-Chain. J Immunol 2005; 175:5975-80. [PMID: 16237091 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.175.9.5975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus T cells display decreased amounts of TCR zeta mRNA that results in part from limited binding of the transcriptional enhancer Elf-1 to the TCR zeta promoter. We have identified a new cis-binding site for the cAMP response element (CRE) modulator (CREM) on the TCR zeta promoter, centered on the -390 nucleotide. Transfection of T cells with an antisense CREM alpha plasmid reduced the binding of CREM to the TCR zeta promoter, as shown by chromatin and reporter chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, and enhanced the production of TCR zeta mRNA and protein. Mutagenesis of the -390 CRE site prevented the binding of CREM to the TCR zeta promoter. The mechanism of CREM-mediated repression appears to be chromatin dependent, because antisense CREM promotes the acetylation of histones on the TCR zeta promoter. Finally, we established an enhanced binding of CREM to the TCR zeta-chain promoter in systemic lupus erythematosus cells compared with control T cells. Our studies demonstrate that CREM alpha binds to the TCR zeta promoter and repress its activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Tenbrock
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology, University Hospital, Muenster, Germany.
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36
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Abstract
Despite recent identification of specific pattern recognition receptors (PRR) for distinct microbial structures, data indicating their relevance in human infectious diseases are limited. We determined the expression levels of the Toll-like receptor (TLR)2 and TLR4 by flow cytometry on granulocytes and monocytes of healthy neonates compared with healthy adults. The basal expression of TLR2 was only slightly lower in neonatal phagocytes, whereas no differences could be detected for TLR4. Analyzing neonates with sepsis, we found an impressive up-regulation of TLR2 on blood phagocytes already at initial presentation of symptoms. Comparison with C-reactive protein, IL-8, and IL-6 suggested that TLR2 expression on monocytes is comparably valuable as an early sepsis marker. TLR2 was differentially regulated during neonatal sepsis, showing a constant up-regulation on monocytes but only a transient increase on granulocytes. Surprisingly, TLR4 showed no remarkable changes. Our results revealed a mild deficiency of TLR2 expression in newborns and demonstrated a differential expression of TLR2 but not TLR4 in the course of neonatal sepsis, which could reflect specific inflammatory responses to distinct pathogens. The definition of TLR expression patterns might open a new field of therapeutic targets for neonatal sepsis.
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Abstract
The interaction of the Ca2+-binding protein S100A12 with RAGE (receptor of advanced glycation endproducts) has been considered as a novel proinflammatory axis, since blockage of RAGE/S100A12 ligation suppresses chronic cellular activation and tissue injury in mouse models. However, the existence of a murine S100A12 ortholog is unknown. Because experimental approaches failed to identify it, we started an analysis of gene locus evolution. Human S100A12 is localized in the S100 gene cluster between S100A8 and S100A9, which are neighbors in both mouse and human. Confirming identical gene order, we found a DNA region between the murine S100A8 and S100A9 genes that is 60.9% identical to a region of the human S100A12 gene, including the first exon. Instead of the second and third exon, we found homology to a region close to the human S100A9 locus. To exclude a murine S100A12 ortholog elsewhere in the genome, we used human S100A12 as query for TBlastN homology searches. The matches were either too short, or identity was too low, or they could clearly be identified as distinct S100 genes. Obviously, an S100A12 ortholog is neither present in mouse nor rat, indicating that S100A12 has been lost during rodent evolution, probably due to a deletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Fuellen
- Integrated Functional Genomics, IZKF, Department of Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
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38
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Lechtermann A, Nacken W, Fobker M, Brand B, Sorg C, Völker K, Mooren FC. Exercise Induced Alterations Of The Novel Proinflammatory Molecules S100a8/a9. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2005. [DOI: 10.1249/00005768-200505001-01739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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39
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Abstract
AbstractS100 proteins form characteristic homo- and/or heterodimers that play a role in calcium-mediated signaling. We characterized the formation of the human S100A8/S100A9 heterodimer using the yeast two-hybrid system. Employing site-directed mutagenesis we found that distinct hydrophobic amino acids of helix I/I′ are located at a crucial site of the S100A8/S100A9 dimer interface, whereas conserved residues within helix IV/IV′ are not important for heterodimerization. Furthermore, amino acids Y16 and F68 prevent homodimerization of human S100A8. These data demonstrate for the first time the functional relevance of distinct hydrophobic amino acids for human S100A8/S100A9 complex formationin vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadja Leukert
- Institute of Experimental Dermatology, Röntgenstr. 21, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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40
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Frosch M, Metze D, Foell D, Vogl T, Sorg C, Sunderkötter C, Roth J. Early activation of cutaneous vessels and epithelial cells is characteristic of acute systemic onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Exp Dermatol 2005; 14:259-65. [PMID: 15810883 DOI: 10.1111/j.0906-6705.2005.00271.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In biopsies of 16 patients (mean: 5.2 years) with acute systemic onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SOJIA), we analysed the initial cellular events during the characteristic cutaneous rash for composition of the infiltrate and for expression of activation markers on epithelial and endothelial cells. Despite the fleeting nature of the rash, there was a characteristic infiltration of neutrophils and monocytes, accompanied by a marked expression of endothelial adhesion receptors. In addition, we found a general activation of the cutaneous epithelium reflected by the expression of the pro-inflammatory S100-proteins - myeloid-related protein 8 (MRP8) and MRP14. In responders to therapy, follow-up biopsies showed a complete normalization of these inflammatory parameters, whereas non-responders presented with continuous signs of activation. In conjunction with the high level of epithelial activation, we detected an infiltrate of leucocytes within epithelium of sweat gland ducts during active SOJIA. Such a pattern has not been described for other inflammatory skin diseases nor did we find it in biopsies from nine patients with acute urticaria. It was accompanied by exclusive expression of MRP8, but not MRP14 by the secretory cells of sweat glands. Because MRP8 and MRP14, released by epithelial cells, exhibit pro-inflammatory effects on endothelial cells and leucocytes, the particular expression pattern of MRP8 and MRP14 in SOJIA is likely to represent a decisive early constitutive component in this inflammatory disease. Their differential expression further points to distinct roles of the individual molecules in inflammatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Frosch
- Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Münster, Germany
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Timmermann M, Buck F, Sorg C, Högger P. Interaction of soluble CD163 with activated T lymphocytes involves its association with non-muscle myosin heavy chain type A. Immunol Cell Biol 2005; 82:479-87. [PMID: 15479433 DOI: 10.1111/j.0818-9641.2004.01277.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
CD163 is a monocyte/macrophage-specific scavenger receptor that undergoes ectodomain shedding upon an inflammatory stimulus. Soluble CD163 (sCD163) actively inhibits lymphocyte proliferation, but to date exactly how it interacts with these cells has remained elusive. We screened T lymphocytes and endothelial cells for proteins binding to sCD163. In both cell types a high affinity binding protein was detected. Partial sequencing of the protein revealed sequence identity to a non-muscle myosin heavy chain type A. Employing labelled sCD163 we found little specific binding of sCD163 to the extracellular domains of T lymphocytes and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). In activated T lymphocytes we demonstrated specific binding of sCD163 to intracellular structures as well as the presence of the native protein within the cell after co-incubation with purified sCD163. Furthermore, we developed a novel ELISA for highly specific detection of sCD163-myosin complexes. These complexes were present in activated T lymphocytes after incubation with shed sCD163. Co-localization of sCD163 and cellular myosin in T lymphocytes was further confirmed by fluorescence microscopy. Our results suggest that sCD163 associates with cellular myosin, thereby possibly modulating the cells' response to an inflammatory stimulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meike Timmermann
- Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie, Bayerische Julius-Maximilians-Universität, Würzburg, Germany
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42
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Foell D, Frosch M, Sorg C, Roth J. Phagocyte-specific calcium-binding S100 proteins as clinical laboratory markers of inflammation. Clin Chim Acta 2005; 344:37-51. [PMID: 15149869 DOI: 10.1016/j.cccn.2004.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2004] [Revised: 02/26/2004] [Accepted: 02/26/2004] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The EF-hand homolog family of S100 proteins comprises the largest group of calcium-binding proteins. Within this S100 family, the phagocyte-specific calcium-binding proteins are pro-inflammatory molecules expressed and secreted by phagocytes, which play a pivotal role within the innate immune system. Although the exact biological functions of these proteins still remain to be defined in greater detail, there is evidence that they are involved in a pro-inflammatory axis associated with various inflammatory conditions. The three members of this group, S100A8, S100A9 and S100A12 are overexpressed at local sites of inflammation. High concentrations are found in synovial fluid, sputum, stool and blood plasma/serum during inflammation. Both the S100A8/S100A9 complex and S100A12 have been proven to be useful as diagnostic markers of inflammation especially in non-infectious inflammatory diseases such as arthritis, chronic inflammatory lung and bowel disease. They indicate phagocyte activation more sensitively than conventional parameters of inflammation. As a consequence, there is a strong correlation to the inflammation of various acute and chronic disorders, making these proteins sensitive parameters for the monitoring of disease activity and response to treatment in individual patients. The phagocyte-specific S100 proteins are able to indicate minimal residual inflammation, which is not detected by other diagnostic tests, and they may even be prospective markers for the outcome of patients. In this review, pro-inflammatory functions of S100 proteins and their usefulness as biomarkers of inflammation are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Foell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
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Jensen PJ, Sorg C, Scherz A, Bernien M, Baberschke K, Wende H. Comment on "magnetic phase transition in Co/Cu/Ni/Cu(100) and Co/Fe/Ni/Cu(100)". Phys Rev Lett 2005; 94:039703-039704. [PMID: 15698336 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.039703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
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Nacken W, Mooren FC, Manitz MP, Bode G, Sorg C, Kerkhoff C. S100A9 deficiency alters adenosine-5'-triphosphate induced calcium signalling but does not generally interfere with calcium and zinc homeostasis in murine neutrophils. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2005; 37:1241-53. [PMID: 15778088 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2004.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2004] [Revised: 12/06/2004] [Accepted: 12/23/2004] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The two calcium- and zinc-binding proteins, S100A9 and S100 A8, abundant in myeloid cells are considered to play important roles in both calcium signalling and zinc homeostasis. Polymorphonuclear neutrophils from S100A9 ko mice are also devoid of S100A8. Therefore, S100A9-deficient neutrophils were used as a model to study the role of the two S100 proteins in the neutrophils's calcium and zinc metabolism. Analysis of the intracellular zinc level upon pyrithione and (+/-)-(E)-methyl-2-[(E)-hydroxyimino]-5-nitro-6-methoxy-3-hexeneamide (NOR-1) treatment revealed no differences between S100A9-deficient and wildtype neutrophils. Similar, the calcium signals were not distinguishable from S100A9-deficient and wildtype neutrophils upon stimulation with platelet activating factor (PAF), thapsigargin or macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha (MIP-1 alpha), indicating despite their massive expression S100A8/A9 do neither serve as calcium nor as zinc buffering proteins in granulocytes. In contrast, stimulation with adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) induces a significant stronger increase of the intracellular free calcium level in S100A9-deficient cells compared to wildtype cells. Moreover, the ATP-induced calcium signal was still different when the cells were incubated in calcium free buffer suggesting that pirinergic receptors of the P(2Y) class could be involved in this signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Nacken
- Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Münster, Röntgenstr. 21, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
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Vogl T, Ludwig S, Goebeler M, Strey A, Thorey IS, Reichelt R, Foell D, Gerke V, Manitz MP, Nacken W, Werner S, Sorg C, Roth J. MRP8 and MRP14 control microtubule reorganization during transendothelial migration of phagocytes. Blood 2004; 104:4260-8. [PMID: 15331440 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2004-02-0446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractMRP14 (S100A9) is the major calcium-binding protein of neutrophils and monocytes. Targeted gene disruption reveals an essential role of this S100 protein for transendothelial migration of phagocytes. The underlying molecular mechanism comprises major alterations of cytoskeletal metabolism. MRP14, in complex with its binding partner MRP8 (S100A8), promotes polymerization of microtubules. MRP14 is specifically phosphorylated by p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). This phosphorylation inhibits MRP8/MRP14-induced tubulin polymerization. Phosphorylation of MRP14 is antagonistically regulated by binding of MRP8 and calcium. The biologic relevance of these findings is confirmed by the fact that MAPK p38 fails to stimulate migration of MRP14-/- granulocytes in vitro and MRP14-/- mice show a diminished recruitment of granulocytes into the granulation tissue during wound healing in vivo. MRP14-/- granulocytes contain significantly less polymerized tubulin, which subsequently results in minor activation of Rac1 and Cdc42 after stimulation of p38 MAPK. Thus, the complex of MRP8/MRP14 is the first characterized molecular target integrating MAPK- and calcium-dependent signals during migration of phagocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Vogl
- Institute of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Münster, Röntgenstrasse 21, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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Viemann D, Strey A, Janning A, Jurk K, Klimmek K, Vogl T, Hirono K, Ichida F, Foell D, Kehrel B, Gerke V, Sorg C, Roth J. Myeloid-related proteins 8 and 14 induce a specific inflammatory response in human microvascular endothelial cells. Blood 2004; 105:2955-62. [PMID: 15598812 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2004-07-2520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-related protein 8 (MRP8) and MRP14, S100 proteins secreted by activated phagocytes, bind specifically to endothelial cells. The endothelial response to MRP8/MRP14, however, is unknown. Using oligonucleotide microarray analysis, we show for the first time that MRP8/MRP14 induce a thrombogenic, inflammatory response in human microvascular endothelial cells by increasing the transcription of proinflammatory chemokines and adhesion molecules and by decreasing the expression of cell junction proteins and molecules involved in monolayer integrity. All changes on the gene expression level could be confirmed using biochemical and functional assays. We demonstrated that the expression of MRP8/MRP14 closely correlated with the inflammatory activity in systemic vasculitis, confirming the important role of these proteins for distinct inflammatory reactions in endothelia. MRP8/MRP14 may represent novel targets for anti-inflammatory strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothee Viemann
- Institute of Experimental Dermatology, Integrated Functional Genomics, and the Interdisciplinary Clinical Research Center, University Hospital Muenster, University of Muenster, Röntgenstrasse 21, 48149 Muenster, Germany.
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Schachtrup C, Scholzen TE, Grau V, Luger TA, Sorg C, Spener F, Kerkhoff C. L-FABP is exclusively expressed in alveolar macrophages within the myeloid lineage. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2004; 36:2042-53. [PMID: 15203117 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2004.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2003] [Revised: 03/15/2004] [Accepted: 03/19/2004] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) play a role in inflammation and, in particular, PPARgamma is involved in monocyte/macrophage differentiation. Members of the fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) family have been reported to function as transactivators for PPARs. Therefore, the expression of PPARs and FABPs in the myeloid lineage was investigated by real-time PCR and immunofluorescence analysis. We found adipocyte-, epidermal-, and heart-type FABP to be ubiquitously expressed within the myeloid lineage. In contrast, liver-type FABP was exclusively detected in murine alveolar macrophages (AM), confirmed on protein level by double fluorescence analysis. The PPAR subtypes also showed a temporally and spatially regulated expression pattern in myeloid cells: the beta-subtype was expressed in bone marrow, peritoneal, and alveolar macrophages, whereas it was not detected in dendritic cells (DCs). The gamma1-isoform was present in all cells, however, at different levels, whereas the gamma2-isoform was expressed in alveolar macrophages and dendritic cells. A low level PPARalpha mRNA could be detected in peritoneal macrophages and immature dendritic cells but not in mature dendritic cells and bone marrow macrophages. Interestingly, PPARalpha mRNA was also absent in the alveolar macrophages although liver-type FABP was expressed, indicating that gene expression of liver-type FABP was independent of PPARalpha. Since liver-type FABP is known as transactivator of PPARgamma the simultaneous expression of both proteins may have general implications for the activation of PPARgamma in alveolar macrophages.
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Ehrchen J, Sindrilaru A, Grabbe S, Schönlau F, Schlesiger C, Sorg C, Scharffetter-Kochanek K, Sunderkötter C. Senescent BALB/c mice are able to develop resistance to Leishmania major infection. Infect Immun 2004; 72:5106-14. [PMID: 15322004 PMCID: PMC517419 DOI: 10.1128/iai.72.9.5106-5114.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging has been associated with a decline in immunocompetence and resistance to infections, partially due to dysregulated NO production by macrophages and deficits in mounting Th2 cell responses. We wondered if these alterations would reverse the immune response in experimental leishmaniasis. Bone-marrow-derived macrophages from 2- and 18-month-old (senescent) C57BL/6 or BALB/c mice showed no marked difference in leishmanicidal functions. In vivo infections of resistant C57BL/6 mice with Leishmania major revealed no difference between senescent and young mice. However, among susceptible BALB/c mice, senescent animals showed less foot-pad swelling than young mice, and 40 to 60% of them even showed healing of ulcers, reduced parasite dissemination, and a Th1 cell response. These changes were associated with a spontaneous release of interleukin-12 (IL-12) by macrophages from aged but not from young mice. Since exogenous microbial stimulation can influence immune responses during aging, we also infected senescent mice who were raised under specific-pathogen-free (SPF) conditions. They showed neither resistance nor a Th1 response, but their macrophages still spontaneously released IL-12. A microbiological analysis showed that conventionally kept mice, but not SPF mice, had experienced infection with murine hepatitis virus (MHV), an infection associated with a Th1-like response. We conclude that for the reversal of the immune response, senescence is the premier requirement but needs to be completed by another mandatory event such as microbial stimulation. One of the age-related, but not environment-related, factors is the spontaneous release of IL-12 by macrophages, while confrontation with MHV presents an environment-related difference, with both having the potential to support a Th1 response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Ehrchen
- Institute of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, University of Münster, Germany
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Brewer WD, Scherz A, Sorg C, Wende H, Baberschke K, Bencok P, Frota-Pessôa S. Direct observation of orbital magnetism in cubic solids. Phys Rev Lett 2004; 93:077205. [PMID: 15324272 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.077205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We present x-ray magnetic circular dichroism determinations of the orbital/spin magnetic moment ratios of dilute 3d-series impurities in Au (and Cu) host matrices. This is the first direct measurement of considerable orbital moments in cubic symmetry for a localized impurity in a bulk metal host. It is shown that the unquenching of orbital magnetism depends on a delicate balance of hybridization effects between the local impurity with the host and the filling of the 3d states of the impurity. The results are accompanied by ab initio calculations that support our experimental findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- W D Brewer
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin-Dahlem, Germany.
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Nacken W, Sorg C, Kerkhoff C. The myeloid expressed EF-hand proteins display a diverse pattern of lipid raft association. FEBS Lett 2004; 572:289-93. [PMID: 15304364 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2004.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2004] [Revised: 07/05/2004] [Accepted: 07/07/2004] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
EF-hand proteins are known to translocate to membranes, suggesting that they are involved in signaling events located in the cell membrane. Many proteins involved in signaling events associate cholesterol rich membrane domains, so called lipid rafts, which serve as platforms for controlled protein-protein interaction. Here, we demonstrate that the myeloid expressed EF-hand proteins can be distinguished into three classes with respect to their membrane association. Grancalcin, a myeloid expressed penta EF-hand protein, is constitutively located in lipid rafts. S100A9 (MRP14) and S100A8 (MRP8) are translocated into detergent resistant lipid structures only after calcium activation of the neutrophils. However, the S100A9/A8 membrane association is cholesterol and sphingolipid independent. On the other hand, the association of S100A12 (EN-RAGE) and S100A6 (calcyclin) with membranes is detergent sensitive. These diverse affinities to lipid structures of the myeloid expressed EF-hand proteins most likely reflect their different functions in neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Nacken
- Institute for Experimental Dermatology, University of Muenster, Roentgenstr. 21, 48149 Muenster, Germany.
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