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Campagna D, Farsalinos K, Costantino G, Carpinteri G, Caponnetto P, Cucuzza F, Polosa R. Tobacco Smoking or Nicotine Phenotype and Severity of Clinical Presentation at the Emergency Department (SMOPHED): Protocol for a Noninterventional Observational Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2024; 13:e54041. [PMID: 38657239 PMCID: PMC11079756 DOI: 10.2196/54041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the last few years, several nicotine products have become available as alternatives to smoking tobacco. While laboratory and limited clinical studies suggest that these devices are less toxic compared to classic tobacco cigarettes, very little is known about their epidemiological impact. Visiting the emergency department (ED) often represents the first or even the only contact of patients with the health care system. Therefore, a study conducted at the ED to assess the impact of these products on health can be reliable and reflect a real-life setting. OBJECTIVE The aim of this noninterventional observational study (SMOPHED study) is to analyze the association between the severity of clinical presentation observed during ED visits among patients using various nicotine products and the subsequent outcomes, specifically hospitalization and mortality. METHODS Outcomes (hospitalization and mortality in the ED) will be examined in relation to various patterns of nicotine products use. We plan to enroll approximately 2000 participants during triage at the ED. These individuals will be characterized based on their patterns of tobacco and nicotine consumption, identified through a specific questionnaire. This categorization will allow for a detailed analysis of how different usage patterns of nicotine products correlate with the clinical diagnosis made during the ED visits and the consequent outcomes. RESULTS Enrollment into the study started in March 2024. We enrolled a total of 901 participants in 1 month (approximately 300 potential participants did not provide the informed consent to participate). The data will be analyzed by a statistician as soon as the database is completed. Full data will be published by December 2024. CONCLUSIONS There is substantial debate about the harm reduction potential of alternative nicotine products in terms of their smoking-cessation and risk-reduction potential. This study represents an opportunity to document epidemiological data on the link between the use of different types of nicotine products and disease diagnosis and severity during an ED visit, and thus evaluate the harm reduction potential claims for these products. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/54041.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Campagna
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of Harm Reduction, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Emergency Department, Policlinico Teaching Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | - Konstantinos Farsalinos
- Department of Public and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece
| | - Giorgio Costantino
- Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Unità Operativa Complessa Pronto Soccorso e Medicina d'Urgenza, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Pasquale Caponnetto
- Department of Educational Sciences, Section of Psychology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Riccardo Polosa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of Harm Reduction, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Schisano M, Libra A, Rizzo L, Morana G, Mancuso S, Ficili A, Campagna D, Vancheri C, Bonsignore MR, Spicuzza L. Distance follow-up by a remote medical care centre improves adherence to CPAP in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea over the short and long term. J Telemed Telecare 2024:1357633X241238483. [PMID: 38532732 DOI: 10.1177/1357633x241238483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adherence to continuous positive air pressure (CPAP) in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) has remained invariably low over the last decades. Remote monitoring of the nocturnal CPAP treatment, within telemedicine (TM)-based follow-up programs, in these patients has been suggested as a potential tool to improve adherence and release the workload of sleep units. The aim of this study was therefore to assess whether a follow-up program carried out by a Remote Medical Care Centre (RMCC), outside the sleep unit, improves adherence to CPAP in the short and long term in patients with OSA. METHODS In this pilot protocol, we enrolled 37 patients starting CPAP in our Sleep Centre (SC). After three months of standard care in our SC, patients initiated a six-month remote follow-up carried out by the RMCC, functioning as an intermediary between patients and SC. Monthly reports and indication for face-to-face visits were sent to the SC for six months. After this period patients returned to usual care for one year. Results were compared with those obtained in 38 patients (controls) followed with usual care over the same time range. RESULTS Mean nightly use of CPAP increased from 3.2 ± 2.4 h pre-RMCC to 5.2 ± 1.9 h post-RMCC (p < 0.0001). Nights/month of CPAP use improved from 19.8 ± 9.2 to 25.2 ± 2.5 (p < 0.05) and nights/month with CPAP use >4 h from 12.5 ± 10 to 21.03 ± 8.9 (p < 0.05). This improvement remained stable after 12 months from the return of patients to usual care. No significant changes in CPAP use were observed in controls over the time. CONCLUSION A six-month follow-up through a remote facility can significantly improve adherence to CPAP in the short and long term. This pilot study provides a solid base for the design of multicentre randomized trials focusing on new models which are able to increase the long-term efficacy of TM programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Schisano
- Respiratory Unit, University Hospital Policlinico- San Marco, Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandro Libra
- Respiratory Unit, University Hospital Policlinico- San Marco, Catania, Italy
| | - Ludovica Rizzo
- Respiratory Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, Sant'Anna University Hospital, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giorgio Morana
- Respiratory Unit, University Hospital Policlinico- San Marco, Catania, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Mancuso
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonella Ficili
- Respiratory Unit, University Hospital Policlinico- San Marco, Catania, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Davide Campagna
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Emergency Unit, University Hospital Policlinico- San Marco, Catania, Italy
| | - Carlo Vancheri
- Respiratory Unit, University Hospital Policlinico- San Marco, Catania, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria R Bonsignore
- PROMISE Department, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Division of Pneumology, Sleep Disordered Breathing Clinic, V. Cervello Hospital, Palermo, Italy
| | - Lucia Spicuzza
- Respiratory Unit, University Hospital Policlinico- San Marco, Catania, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Polosa R, Pluym N, Scherer M, Belsey J, Russell C, Caponnetto P, Weglarz J, Campagna D. Protocol for the "magnitude of cigarette substitution after initiation of e-cigarettes and its impact on biomarkers of exposure and potential harm in dual users" (MAGNIFICAT) study. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1348389. [PMID: 38584934 PMCID: PMC10996441 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1348389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Many smokers who use e-cigarettes (ECs) to quit continue smoking alongside vaping. The impact on health among individuals who simultaneously smoke conventional cigarettes (CCs) and use ECs remains unclear. The varying patterns of dual use present differing levels of overall toxin exposure and relative risks concerning smoking-related diseases. Understanding these complexities is vital to assessing the implications for human health. Objective Herein we describe a protocol designed to analyze the impact of different level of substituting CCs with ECs on exposure to toxicants. We'll use biomarkers to measure this exposure and assess harm reduction in dual users through clinical endpoints, harm-related biomarkers, and behavioral correlations. We expect to observe progressive changes with varying patterns of dual use. Methods and analyses For this purpose, we planned to recruit a group of 250 smokers who will be asked to reduce their CC consumption by adopting ECs (intervention group). A separate group of 50 smokers will continue to smoke CC (reference group). Study groups will be followed up for 6 months during which biospecimens will be collected for biomarker analyses, and clinical endpoints will be assessed. The trial is structured to characterize subjects' usage patterns over time using robust biomarkers of exposure and a standardized mobile phone application to facilitate the precise categorization of dual users along the risk continuum based on their usage behaviors. Subject recruitment will start in February 2024 and enrolment is expected to be completed by August 2024. Results will be reported early in 2025. Study findings may provide valuable insights into health benefits or risks associated with varying patterns of dual use. Ethics and dissemination The study protocol and informed consent forms will be approved by the local Ethical Review Boards. Study results will be disseminated through articles published in reputable, peer-reviewed, open access, scientific journals, presentations at conferences, and the University website.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Polosa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Centre for the Prevention and Treatment of Tobacco Addiction (CPCT), University Teaching Hospital "Policlinico-S.Marco", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of Harm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Nikola Pluym
- ABF Analytisch-Biologisches Forschungslabor GmbH, Planegg, Germany
| | - Max Scherer
- ABF Analytisch-Biologisches Forschungslabor GmbH, Planegg, Germany
| | | | | | - Pasquale Caponnetto
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of Harm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Science of Education, Section of Psychology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Jakub Weglarz
- ECLAT Srl, Spin-off of the University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Davide Campagna
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- UOC MCAU, University Teaching Hospital "Policlinico-S.Marco", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Krysiński A, Russo C, Campagna D, Di Pino A, John S, Belsey J, Caponnetto P, Vudu L, Lim CW, Di Ciaula A, Veronese N, Barbagallo M, Iqbal F, Fluck D, Franek E, Polosa R, Sharma P. A multicenter prospective randomized controlled trial investigating the effects of combustion-free nicotine alternatives on cardiovascular risk factors and metabolic parameters in individuals with type 2 diabetes who smoke: the DiaSmokeFree study protocol. Intern Emerg Med 2024; 19:321-332. [PMID: 37999870 PMCID: PMC10954907 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-023-03467-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Stopping smoking is crucial for public health and especially for individuals with diabetes. Combustion-free nicotine alternatives like e-cigarettes and heated tobacco products are increasingly being used as substitutes for conventional cigarettes, contributing to the decline in smoking prevalence. However, there is limited information about the long-term health impact of those products in patients with diabetes. This randomized controlled trial aims to investigate whether switching from conventional cigarettes to combustion-free nicotine alternatives will lead to a measurable improvement in cardiovascular risk factors and metabolic parameters over a period of 2 years in smokers with type 2 diabetes. The multicenter study will be conducted in seven sites across four countries. A total of 576 smokers with type 2 diabetes will be randomly assigned (1:2 ratio) to either standard of care with brief cessation advice (Control Arm) or combustion-free nicotine alternatives use (Intervention Arm). The primary end point is the change in the proportion of patients with metabolic syndrome between baseline and the 2-year follow-up. Additionally, the study will analyze the absolute change in the sum of the individual factors of metabolic syndrome at each study time point. Patient recruitment has started in September 2021 and enrollment is expected to be completed by December 2023. Results will be reported in 2026. This study may provide valuable insights into cardiovascular and metabolic health benefits or risks associated with using combustion-free nicotine alternatives for individuals with type 2 diabetes who are seeking alternatives to tobacco cigarette smoking. The study protocol, informed consent forms, and relevant documents were approved by seven ethical review boards. Study results will be disseminated through articles published in high-quality, peer-reviewed journals and presentations at conferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arkadiusz Krysiński
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish-Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
- Department of Internal Diseases, Endocrinology and Diabetology, Central Clinical Hospital, PIM MSWiA, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Cristina Russo
- Ashford and Saint Peter's Hospitals NHS Trust, Chertsey, UK
| | - Davide Campagna
- Emergency Department, Teaching Hospital Policlinico "G. Rodolico-San Marco" of Catania, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonino Di Pino
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Sarah John
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Pasquale Caponnetto
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Educational Sciences, Section of Psychology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Lorina Vudu
- Nicolae Testemitanu State Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
| | - Chong Wei Lim
- Ashford and Saint Peter's Hospitals NHS Trust, Chertsey, UK
| | - Agostino Di Ciaula
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Preventive and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePrev-J), Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Veronese
- Geriatrics Section, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Mario Barbagallo
- Geriatrics Section, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Farrukh Iqbal
- The University of Lahore University College of Medicine and Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - David Fluck
- Ashford and Saint Peter's Hospitals NHS Trust, Chertsey, UK
| | - Edward Franek
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish-Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Internal Diseases, Endocrinology and Diabetology, Central Clinical Hospital, PIM MSWiA, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Riccardo Polosa
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Pankaj Sharma
- Ashford and Saint Peter's Hospitals NHS Trust, Chertsey, UK
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Sammut R, Grech J, Polosa R, Campagna D, Di Ciaula A, Dugal T, Kenge A, Misra A, Abbas Raza S, Russo C, Somasundaram N, Walicka M, Phoung LD, Prezzavento GC, Casu M, La Rosa GRM, Caponnetto P. Behavioral Therapy for People With Diabetes Who Smoke: A Scoping Review. J Prim Care Community Health 2024; 15:21501319241241470. [PMID: 38654523 PMCID: PMC11041542 DOI: 10.1177/21501319241241470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco smoking exacerbates diabetes-related complications; its prevalence is notwithstanding substantial. Persons with diabetes face a number of barriers and challenges to quitting such as multiple lifestyle restrictions; tailored interventions are required for smoking cessation. OBJECTIVE To identify research on behavioral interventions for smoking cessation in diabetes. METHODS Studies had to be randomized controlled trials, quasiexperimental or systematic reviews. The behavioral interventions included were: the 5As, Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Motivational Interviewing, Contingency Management, Health Coaching and Counselling, as compared to standard care. The outcomes were self-reported and/or biochemically verified smoking cessation. CINAHL Complete, MEDLINE Complete, the Cochrane databases of systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials, PsychInfo and PubMed Central were searched until July, 2023. Keywords used included diabetes, smoking cessation and each of the behavioral interventions included. RESULTS 1615 papers were identified. Three studies on the 5As/brief advice, 4 on Motivational Intervention and 1 on counseling were retained. The results on the 5As and Motivational Interviewing were conflicting. More intensive interventions appear to be more successful in achieving smoking cessation in smokers with diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Future research should focus on the continued development and evaluation of structured smoking cessation interventions based on the 5As, Motivational interviewing and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Tabinda Dugal
- Royal Cornwall Hospital NHS Trust, Treliske, Truro, UK
| | - Andre Kenge
- University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Anoop Misra
- Fortis C-DOC Centre for Excellence for Diabetes, Metabolic Disease and Endocrinology, New Delhi, India
| | - Syed Abbas Raza
- Shaukat Khanum Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Peswhar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Cristina Russo
- Ashford and Saint Peter’s Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cherstey, UK
| | | | - Magdalena Walicka
- Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- National Institute of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland
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Caponnetto P, Spicuzza L, Campagna D, Ahluwalia JS, Russell C, Maglia M, Riela PM, Longo CF, Caci G, Quattropani MC, Signorelli MS, Polosa R. Varenicline for smoking cessation in individuals who smoke cigarettes and use electronic cigarettes: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial. EClinicalMedicine 2023; 66:102316. [PMID: 38192585 PMCID: PMC10772233 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The efficacy and safety of varenicline for smoking cessation among individuals who smoke tobacco cigarettes and also use electronic cigarettes (known e-cigarettes or vapes) have not been studied. We aimed to address this knowledge gap and examine predictors for smoking abstinence. Methods In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-centre randomised trial in Italy, we enrolled adults who had used an e-cigarette daily for at least 12 months and who also smoked at least one tobacco cigarette per day and had a willingness to quit smoking. 155 participants were randomly assigned to receive either varenicline (n = 78) or matched placebo (n = 77). Varenicline (1 mg, administered twice daily for 12 weeks) was given in combination with smoking cessation counseling in dual users with an intention to quit smoking. Participants in both treatment groups received the same smoking cessation counselling throughout the whole duration of the study. The trial consisted of a 12-week treatment phase followed by a 12-week follow-up. The primary efficacy endpoint was continuous abstinence rate (CAR) in weeks 4-12. Secondary efficacy endpoints were the CAR in weeks 4-24 and 7-day point prevalence of smoking abstinence at weeks 12 and 24. This study is registered in EUDRACT, 2016-000339-42. Findings Between November 2018, and February 2020, 114 participants (61 in the varenicline group and 53 in the placebo group) completed the intervention phase at week 12 and 88 participants (52 in the varenicline group and 36 in the placebo group) completed the follow-up phase at week 24. CARs were significantly higher for the varenicline vs placebo at each time-point: 50.0% vs 16.9% (OR = 4.9; 95% CI, 2.3-10.4; P < 0.0001) between weeks 4 and 12; and 48.7% vs 14.3% (OR = 5.7; 95% CI, 2.6-12.3; P < 0.0001) between weeks 4 and 24. The 7-day point prevalence of smoking abstinence was also higher for the varenicline than placebo at each time point. Adverse events were rated as mild or moderate and rarely led to treatment discontinuation. Interpretation Our findings indicate that inclusion of varenicline in a cessation programme for adults who smoke and use e-cigarettes with an intention to quit smoking could result in smoking abstinence without serious adverse events. In the absence of evidence from other smoking cessation methods, it could be useful to suggest the use of varenicline in cessation programmes specifically designed to help dual users stop smoking. Further research in larger and more generalisable populations is required to strengthen such a suggestion. Funding Global Research Award for Nicotine Dependence, an independently reviewed competitive grants programmeme funded by Pfizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Caponnetto
- Department of Science of Education, Section of Psychology, University of Catania, Italy
- Centre of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Italy
- Centre for the Prevention and Treatment of Tobacco Addiction (CPCT), University Teaching Hospital “Policlinico-S.Marco”, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Lucia Spicuzza
- Centre of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Italy
- Respiratory Unit - University Teaching Hospital “Policlinico-S.Marco”, University of Catania, Italy
- Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Davide Campagna
- Centre of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Italy
- Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Italy
- UOC MCAU, University Teaching Hospital “Policlinico-S.Marco”, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Jasjit S. Ahluwalia
- Brown University School of Public Health and Alpert School of Medicine, Providence, RI, USA
| | | | - Marilena Maglia
- Centre for the Prevention and Treatment of Tobacco Addiction (CPCT), University Teaching Hospital “Policlinico-S.Marco”, University of Catania, Italy
- ECLAT Srl, Spin-off of the University of Catania, Italy
| | - Paolo Marco Riela
- Department of Mathematics and Informatics, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Carmelo Fabio Longo
- Department of Mathematics and Informatics, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Grazia Caci
- UOC MCAU, University Teaching Hospital “Policlinico-S.Marco”, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Catena Quattropani
- Department of Science of Education, Section of Psychology, University of Catania, Italy
- Centre of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Italy
| | | | - Riccardo Polosa
- Centre of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Italy
- Centre for the Prevention and Treatment of Tobacco Addiction (CPCT), University Teaching Hospital “Policlinico-S.Marco”, University of Catania, Italy
- Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Italy
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Campagna D. Comment on Elsayed et al. 5. Facilitating Positive Health Behaviors and Well-being to Improve Health Outcomes: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2023. Diabetes Care 2023;46(Suppl. 1):S68-S96. Diabetes Care 2023; 46:e212-e213. [PMID: 37890106 DOI: 10.2337/dc23-1262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Campagna
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of Harm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Emergency Department, Teaching Hospital "Policlinico-V. Emanuele," University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Caponnetto P, Campagna D, Ahluwalia JS, Russell C, Maglia M, Riela PM, Longo CF, Busa B, Polosa R. Varenicline and counseling for vaping cessation: a double-blind, randomized, parallel-group, placebo-controlled trial. BMC Med 2023; 21:220. [PMID: 37403047 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-02919-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaping cessation is virtually unexplored. The efficacy and safety of varenicline for vaping cessation has not been studied and rigorous research is required to advance best practice and outcomes for people who use electronic cigarettes (EC) and want to quit. The objective is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of varenicline (1 mg BID, administered for 12 weeks, with follow-up to week 24) combined with vaping cessation counseling in exclusive daily EC users intending to quit vaping. METHODS Design: Double-blind, randomized, parallel-group, placebo-controlled trial. SETTING The study took place at a University-run smoking cessation center. PARTICIPANTS People who exclusively use ECs daily and intend to quit vaping. INTERVENTION A total of 140 subjects were randomized to either varenicline (1 mg, administered twice daily for 12 weeks) plus counseling or placebo treatment (administered twice daily, for 12 weeks) plus counseling. The trial consisted of a 12-week treatment phase followed by a 12-week follow-up, nontreatment phase. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary efficacy endpoint of the study was biochemically validated continuous abstinence rate (CAR) at weeks 4 to 12. Secondary efficacy end points were CAR at weeks 4 to 24 and 7-day point prevalence of vaping abstinence at weeks 12 and 24. RESULTS CAR was significantly higher for varenicline vs placebo at each interval: weeks 4-12, 40.0% and 20.0%, respectively (OR = 2.67, 95% CI = [1.25-5.68], P = 0.011); weeks 4-24, 34.3% for varenicline with counseling and 17.2% for placebo with counseling (OR = 2.52, 95% CI = [1.14-5.58], P = 0.0224). The 7-day point prevalence of vaping abstinence was also higher for the varenicline than placebo at each time point. Serious adverse events were infrequent in both groups and not treatment-related. CONCLUSIONS The findings of the present RCT indicate that inclusion of varenicline in a vaping cessation program for people who use electronic cigarettes and intending to quit may result in prolonged abstinence. These positive findings establish a benchmark of intervention effectiveness, may support the use of varenicline combined with counseling in vaping cessation programs, and may also help guiding future recommendations by health authorities and healthcare providers. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study has been registered in EUDRACT with Trial registration ID: 2016-000339-42.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Caponnetto
- Centre for the Prevention and Treatment of Tobacco Addiction (CPCT), University Teaching Hospital "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Science of Education, Section of Psychology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Davide Campagna
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- UOC MCAU, University Teaching Hospital "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Jasjit S Ahluwalia
- Brown University School of Public Health and Alpert School of Medicine, RI, Providence, USA
| | | | - Marilena Maglia
- Centre for the Prevention and Treatment of Tobacco Addiction (CPCT), University Teaching Hospital "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- ECLAT Srl, Spin-off of the University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Paolo Marco Riela
- Department of Mathematics and Informatics, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Carmelo Fabio Longo
- Department of Mathematics and Informatics, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Barbara Busa
- UOC Farmacia Ospedaliera, ARNAS Hospital "Garibaldi", Catania, Italy
| | - Riccardo Polosa
- Centre for the Prevention and Treatment of Tobacco Addiction (CPCT), University Teaching Hospital "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
- Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
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Campagna D, Alamo A, Di Pino A, Russo C, Calogero AE, Purrello F, Polosa R. Correction: Smoking and diabetes: dangerous liaisons and confusing relationships. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2023; 15:117. [PMID: 37264418 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-023-01099-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D Campagna
- Centro per la Prevenzione e Cura del Tabagismo (CPCT), University Teaching Hospital "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
- U.O.C. MCAU, University Teaching Hospital "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
| | - A Alamo
- Centro per la Prevenzione e Cura del Tabagismo (CPCT), University Teaching Hospital "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Division of Andrology and Endocrinology, University Teaching Hospital "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, (MEDCLIN), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - A Di Pino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, (MEDCLIN), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - C Russo
- Centro per la Prevenzione e Cura del Tabagismo (CPCT), University Teaching Hospital "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - A E Calogero
- Division of Andrology and Endocrinology, University Teaching Hospital "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, (MEDCLIN), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - F Purrello
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, (MEDCLIN), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - R Polosa
- Centro per la Prevenzione e Cura del Tabagismo (CPCT), University Teaching Hospital "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, (MEDCLIN), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Spicuzza L, Campagna D, Di Maria C, Sciacca E, Mancuso S, Vancheri C, Sambataro G. An update on lateral flow immunoassay for the rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. AIMS Microbiol 2023; 9:375-401. [PMID: 37091823 PMCID: PMC10113162 DOI: 10.3934/microbiol.2023020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last three years, after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, an unprecedented number of novel diagnostic tests have been developed. Assays to evaluate the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 have been widely considered as part of the control strategy. The lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA), to detect both IgM and IgG against SARS-CoV-2, has been widely studied as a point-of-care (POC) test. Compared to laboratory tests, LFIAs are faster, cheaper and user-friendly, thus available also in areas with low economic resources. Soon after the onset of the pandemic, numerous kits for rapid antibody detection were put on the market with an emergency use authorization. However, since then, scientists have tried to better define the accuracy of these tests and their usefulness in different contexts. In fact, while during the first phase of the pandemic LFIAs for antibody detection were auxiliary to molecular tests for the diagnosis of COVID-19, successively these tests became a tool of seroprevalence surveillance to address infection control policies. When in 2021 a massive vaccination campaign was implemented worldwide, the interest in LFIA reemerged due to the need to establish the extent and the longevity of immunization in the vaccinated population and to establish priorities to guide health policies in low-income countries with limited access to vaccines. Here, we summarize the accuracy, the advantages and limits of LFIAs as POC tests for antibody detection, highlighting the efforts that have been made to improve this technology over the last few years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Spicuzza
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Ponticelli D, Losa L, Campagna D, Magliuolo R, Vitale A, Cacciapuoti D, Zampella A, Alleanza L, Schiavone B, Spicuzza L, Ferrara P. Smoking habits predict adverse effects following mRNA COVID-19 vaccine: Empirical evidence from a pilot study. Public Health 2023; 219:18-21. [PMID: 37086592 PMCID: PMC10028337 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this research was to investigate the possible association between smoking habits and the incidence of adverse effects (AE) following mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. Study design A longitudinal observational study was conducted in a sample of Italian healthcare workers (HCW). Methods HCWs who were administered mRNA COVID-19 vaccine (either BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273) were evaluated for the occurrence of AEs after three vaccine doses. Multivariate Poisson regression analyses were fitted to predict AE risk according to smoking characteristics – such as number of tobacco cigarettes smoked per day, smoking time and use of electronic cigarette (e-cig). Results Out of 320 total participants, 72 (22.5%) smoked cigarettes and 50 (15.6%) used e-cig, 49 of which being dual users. Tobacco smoking significantly increased the risks of muscle and joint pain during the primary COVID-19 vaccination cycle, and of chills during the whole vaccination series. The number of cigarettes smoked per day and vaping variously predicted AE onset during the whole cycle, with a tendency to respectively reduce and increase their risks. Duration of smoking did not affect any AE, except for headache after booster dose. Most results remained significant after Bonferroni adjustment of significance level. Conclusion Our pilot study indicated a possible effect of smoking habits on AE onset. Our research offers evidence that helps understanding possible predictors of the interindividual variability in COVID-19 vaccine response, serving as a reference for further studies on the effect smoking on vaccine safety and effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - L Losa
- Center for Public Health Research, University of Milan-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - D Campagna
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy; UOC MCAU, University Teaching Hospital "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - R Magliuolo
- Pineta Grande Hospital, Castel Volturno, Italy
| | - A Vitale
- Pineta Grande Hospital, Castel Volturno, Italy
| | | | - A Zampella
- Pineta Grande Hospital, Castel Volturno, Italy
| | - L Alleanza
- Pineta Grande Hospital, Castel Volturno, Italy
| | - B Schiavone
- Pineta Grande Hospital, Castel Volturno, Italy
| | - L Spicuzza
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy; Respiratory Unit, A.O.U. Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy
| | - P Ferrara
- Center for Public Health Research, University of Milan-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Istituto Auxologico Italiano-IRCCS, 20165 Milan, Italy.
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Campagna D, Russo C, Trovato E, Bridgeman J, Polosa R. Different death rates between COVID-19 waves among unvaccinated patients: moving beyond lessons learned. Intern Emerg Med 2023; 18:7-9. [PMID: 36273045 PMCID: PMC9589680 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-022-03131-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Campagna
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
- UOC MCAU, University Teaching Hospital "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
| | - Crsitina Russo
- Ashford and Saint Peter's Hospitals NHS Trust, Chertsey, Surrey, UK
| | - Elisa Trovato
- UOC MCAU, University Teaching Hospital "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Joseph Bridgeman
- Ashford and Saint Peter's Hospitals NHS Trust, Chertsey, Surrey, UK
| | - Riccardo Polosa
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- ECLAT srl, Spin-off of the University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Campagna D, Caci G. Taking for Granted Conclusions from Studies that Cannot Prove Causality of Respiratory Symptoms and Vaping. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 206:1567-1568. [PMID: 35921658 PMCID: PMC9757096 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202205-0878le] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Campagna
- University of CataniaCatania, Italy,Corresponding author (e-mail: )
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Morjaria JB, Campagna D, Caci G, O'Leary R, Polosa R. Health impact of e-cigarettes and heated tobacco products in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: current and emerging evidence. Expert Rev Respir Med 2022; 16:1213-1226. [PMID: 36638185 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2023.2167716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Quitting is the only proven method to attenuate the progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, most COPD smokers do not seem to respond to smoking cessation interventions and may benefit by lessening the negative health effects of long-term cigarette smoke exposure by switching to non-combustible nicotine delivery alternatives, such as heated tobacco products (HTPs) and e-cigarettes (ECs). AREAS COVERED Compared with conventional cigarettes, HTPs and ECs offer substantial reduction in exposure to toxic chemicals and have the potential to reduce harm from cigarette smoke when used as tobacco cigarette substitutes. In this review, we examine the available clinical studies and population surveys on the respiratory health effects of ECs and HTPs in COPD patients. EXPERT OPINION The current research on the impact of ECs and HTPs on COPD patients' health is limited, and more high-quality studies are needed to draw definitive conclusions. However, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the available literature for health professionals looking to advise COPD patients on the use of these products. While ECs and HTPs may offer some benefits in reducing harm from cigarette smoke, their long-term effects on COPD patients' health are still unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaymin B Morjaria
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield Hospital, Harefield, UK
| | - Davide Campagna
- U.O.C. MCAU, University Teaching Hospital 'Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele', University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Centre for the Prevention and Treatment of Tobacco Addiction (CPCT), Teaching Hospital "Policlinico - V. Emanuele", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Grazia Caci
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of Harm Reduction (CoEHAR), Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Renee O'Leary
- Centre for the Prevention and Treatment of Tobacco Addiction (CPCT), Teaching Hospital "Policlinico - V. Emanuele", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- ECLAT Srl, Spin-off of the University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Riccardo Polosa
- U.O.C. MCAU, University Teaching Hospital 'Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele', University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Centre for the Prevention and Treatment of Tobacco Addiction (CPCT), Teaching Hospital "Policlinico - V. Emanuele", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- ECLAT Srl, Spin-off of the University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Institute of Internal Medicine, AOU "Policlinico - V. Emanuele - S. Marco", Catania, Italy
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Campagna D, Caci G, Trovato E, Carpinteri G, Spicuzza L. COVID-19 and emergency departments: need for a validated severity illness score. The history of emerging CovHos score. Intern Emerg Med 2022; 17:2065-2067. [PMID: 35962902 PMCID: PMC9375184 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-022-03069-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Campagna
- Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
- UOC MCAU, Emergency Department at University Hospital AOU Policlinico "G.Rodolico-San Marco" of Catania, via S. Sofia, 78-Ed.7, 95123, Catania, Italy.
| | - Grazia Caci
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Elisa Trovato
- UOC MCAU, Emergency Department at University Hospital AOU Policlinico "G.Rodolico-San Marco" of Catania, via S. Sofia, 78-Ed.7, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carpinteri
- UOC MCAU, Emergency Department at University Hospital AOU Policlinico "G.Rodolico-San Marco" of Catania, via S. Sofia, 78-Ed.7, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Lucia Spicuzza
- Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Campagna D, Göstl R. Mechanoresponsive Carbamoyloximes for the Activation of Secondary Amines in Polymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207557. [PMID: 35905139 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Mechanophores are molecular moieties that are incorporated into polymers and respond to force with constitutional, configurational, or conformational bond rearrangements to enable functionality. Up to today, several chemically latent motifs have been activated by polymer mechanochemical methods, but the generation of secondary amines remains elusive. Here we report carbamoyloximes as mechanochemical protecting groups for secondary amines. We show that carbamoyloximes undergo force-induced homolytic bond scission at the N-O oxime bond in polymers thus producing the free amine, as the reaction proceeds via the carbamoyloxyl and aminyl radicals, analogously to its photochemical counterpart. Eventually, we apply the carbamoyloxime motif in a force-activated organocatalytic Knoevenagel reaction. We believe that this protecting strategy can be universally applied for many other secondary and primary amines in polymer materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Campagna
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52056, Aachen, Germany.,Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Robert Göstl
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52056, Aachen, Germany
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Caponnetto P, Campagna D, Maglia M, Benfatto F, Emma R, Caruso M, Caci G, Busà B, Pennisi A, Ceracchi M, Migliore M, Signorelli M. Comparing Effectiveness, tolerability, and Acceptability of Heated Tobacco ProductS vs. refillable Electronic cigarettes For cIgaREttes substitution: CEASEFIRE randomized controlled trial (Preprint). JMIR Public Health Surveill 2022; 9:e42628. [PMID: 37014673 PMCID: PMC10131829 DOI: 10.2196/42628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND People who smoke and who face challenges trying to quit or wish to continue to smoke may benefit by switching from traditional cigarettes to noncombustible nicotine delivery alternatives, such as heated tobacco products (HTPs) and electronic cigarettes (ECs). HTPs and ECs are being increasingly used to quit smoking, but there are limited data about their effectiveness. OBJECTIVE We conducted the first randomized controlled trial comparing quit rates between HTPs and ECs among people who smoke and do not intend to quit. METHODS We conducted a 12-week randomized noninferiority switching trial to compare effectiveness, tolerability, and product satisfaction between HTPs (IQOS 2.4 Plus) and refillable ECs (JustFog Q16) among people who do not intend to quit. The cessation intervention included motivational counseling. The primary endpoint of the study was the carbon monoxide-confirmed continuous abstinence rate from week 4 to week 12 (CAR weeks 4-12). The secondary endpoints included the continuous self-reported ≥50% reduction in cigarette consumption rate (continuous reduction rate) from week 4 to week 12 (CRR weeks 4-12) and 7-day point prevalence of smoking abstinence. RESULTS A total of 211 participants completed the study. High quit rates (CAR weeks 4-12) of 39.1% (43/110) and 30.8% (33/107) were observed for IQOS-HTP and JustFog-EC, respectively. The between-group difference for the CAR weeks 4-12 was not significant (P=.20). The CRR weeks 4-12 values for IQOS-HTP and JustFog-EC were 46.4% (51/110) and 39.3% (42/107), respectively, and the between-group difference was not significant (P=.24). At week 12, the 7-day point prevalence of smoking abstinence values for IQOS-HTP and JustFog-EC were 54.5% (60/110) and 41.1% (44/107), respectively. The most frequent adverse events were cough and reduced physical fitness. Both study products elicited a moderately pleasant user experience, and the between-group difference was not significant. A clinically relevant improvement in exercise tolerance was observed after switching to the combustion-free products under investigation. Risk perception for conventional cigarettes was consistently higher than that for the combustion-free study products under investigation. CONCLUSIONS Switching to HTPs elicited a marked reduction in cigarette consumption among people who smoke and do not intend to quit, which was comparable to refillable ECs. User experience and risk perception were similar between the HTPs and ECs under investigation. HTPs may be a useful addition to the arsenal of reduced-risk alternatives for tobacco cigarettes and may contribute to smoking cessation. However, longer follow-up studies are required to confirm significant and prolonged abstinence from smoking and to determine whether our results can be generalized outside smoking cessation services offering high levels of support. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03569748; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03569748.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Caponnetto
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of Harm Reduction, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Davide Campagna
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of Harm Reduction, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Eclat Spin off srl, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Unità Operativa Complessa Medicina Accettazione Urgenza, University Teaching Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | | | - Rosalia Emma
- Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Massimo Caruso
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of Harm Reduction, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Grazia Caci
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Barbara Busà
- Dipartimento Emergenza-Urgenza, Farmacia presidio ospedaliero centro Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale e di Alta Specializzazione Garibaldi, Catania, Italy
| | - Alfio Pennisi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Clinics "Musumeci-Gecas", Catania, Italy
| | | | - Marcello Migliore
- Department of Surgery and Medical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Minimally Invasive Thoracic Surgery and New Technology, University Hospital of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Signorelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Psychiatry Unit, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Campagna D, Göstl R. Mechanoresponsive Carbamoyloximes for the Activation of Secondary Amines in Polymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Campagna
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials Mechanoresponsive (bio)materials Forckenbeckstr. 50 52056 Aachen GERMANY
| | - Robert Göstl
- DWI-Leibniz-Institut für Interaktive Materialien: DWI-Leibniz-Institut fur Interaktive Materialien Mechanoresponsive (bio)materials Forckenbeckstr. 50 52056 Aachen GERMANY
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Baumann C, Willis‐Fox N, Campagna D, Rognin E, Marten P, Daly R, Göstl R. Regiochemical effects for the mechanochemical activation of
9‐π‐extended anthracene‐maleimide Diels–Alder
adducts. Journal of Polymer Science 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Baumann
- DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials Aachen Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany
| | - Niamh Willis‐Fox
- Department of Engineering, Institute for Manufacturing University of Cambridge Cambridge UK
| | - Davide Campagna
- DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials Aachen Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany
| | - Etienne Rognin
- Department of Engineering, Institute for Manufacturing University of Cambridge Cambridge UK
| | - Paul Marten
- DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials Aachen Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany
| | - Ronan Daly
- Department of Engineering, Institute for Manufacturing University of Cambridge Cambridge UK
| | - Robert Göstl
- DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials Aachen Germany
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Russo C, Walicka M, Caponnetto P, Cibella F, Maglia M, Alamo A, Campagna D, Frittitta L, Di Mauro M, Caci G, Krysinski A, Franek E, Polosa R. Efficacy and Safety of Varenicline for Smoking Cessation in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2217709. [PMID: 35727580 PMCID: PMC9214580 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.17709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Evidence of effective smoking cessation interventions in patients with diabetes is limited. The unique behavioral and metabolic characteristics of smokers with type 2 diabetes warrants a randomized clinical trial of the smoking cessation drug varenicline. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of varenicline in patients with type 2 diabetes with an intention to quit smoking. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial recruited patients from 6 outpatient clinics in 5 hospitals in Catania, Italy. Patients with type 2 diabetes, who were smoking at least 10 cigarettes a day, and who intended to quit smoking were screened for eligibility. Eligible patients were randomized to either varenicline or placebo treatment. The trial consisted of a 12-week treatment phase followed by a 40-week follow-up, nontreatment phase. Intention-to-treat data analysis was performed from December 2020 to April 2021. INTERVENTIONS Varenicline, 1 mg, twice daily or matched placebo administered for 12 weeks. Patients in both treatment groups also received smoking cessation counseling. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary efficacy end point of the study was the continuous abstinence rate (CAR) at weeks 9 to 24. Secondary efficacy end points were the CAR at weeks 9 to 12 and weeks 9 to 52 as well as 7-day point prevalence of abstinence at weeks 12, 24, and 52. RESULTS A total of 300 patients (mean [SD] age, 57.4 [0.8] years; 117 men [78.0%] in varenicline group and 119 men [79.3%] in placebo group) were randomized to receive varenicline (n = 150) or placebo (n = 150). The CAR at weeks 9 to 24 was significantly higher for the varenicline than placebo group (24.0% vs 6.0%; odds ratio [OR], 4.95; 95% CI, 2.29-10.70; P < .001). The CARs at weeks 9 to 12 (31.3% vs 7.3%; OR, 5.77; 95% CI, 2.85-11.66; P < .001) and weeks 9 to 52 (18.7% vs 5.3%; OR, 4.07; 95% CI, 1.79-9.27; P < .001) as well as the 7-day point prevalence of abstinence at weeks 12, 24, and 52 were also significantly higher for the varenicline vs placebo group. The most frequent adverse events occurring in the varenicline group compared with the placebo group were nausea (41 [27.3%] vs 17 [11.4%]), insomnia (29 [19.4%] vs 19 [12.7%]), abnormal dreams (19 [12.7%] vs 5 [3.4%]), anxiety (17 [11.4%] vs 11 [7.3%]), and irritability (14 [9.4%] vs 8 [5.4%]). Serious adverse events were infrequent in both groups and not treatment-related. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Results of this trial showed that inclusion of varenicline in a smoking cessation program is efficacious in achieving long-term abstinence without serious adverse events. Varenicline should be routinely used in diabetes education programs to help patients with type 2 diabetes stop smoking. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01387425.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Russo
- Ambulatorio di Diabetologia, Unità Operativa Complessa (UOC) Medicina Interna E D'Urgenza, Policlinico Universitario, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria (AOU) Policlinico-G. Rodolico-San Marco, Catania, Italy
| | - Magdalena Walicka
- Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Internal Diseases, Endocrinology and Diabetology, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of the Interior (MSWIA), Warsaw, Poland
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università Di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Pasquale Caponnetto
- Centro per la Prevenzione e Cura del Tabagismo, AOU Policlinico-G. Rodolico-San Marco, dell'Università Di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Fabio Cibella
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council of Italy, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marilena Maglia
- Centro per la Prevenzione e Cura del Tabagismo, AOU Policlinico-G. Rodolico-San Marco, dell'Università Di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Angela Alamo
- Centro Diabetologico, UOC Andrologia Ed Endocrinologia, Policlinico Universitario, AOU, Catania, Italy
| | - Davide Campagna
- Ambulatorio di Diabetologia, Unità Operativa Complessa (UOC) Medicina Interna E D'Urgenza, Policlinico Universitario, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria (AOU) Policlinico-G. Rodolico-San Marco, Catania, Italy
- UOC Medicina e Chirurgia d'Accettazione e Urgenza, University Teaching Hospital, G. Rodolico-San Marco, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Lucia Frittitta
- Centro per il Diabete e l'Obesità, UOC Endocrinologia, Ospedale Garibaldi Nesima, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale e di Alta Specializzazione Garibaldi, Catania, Italy
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of Harm Reduction, Dipartimento Di Medicina Clinica E Sperimentale, Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maurizio Di Mauro
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of Harm Reduction, Dipartimento Di Medicina Clinica E Sperimentale, Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
- Ambulatorio di Diabetologia, Ospedale V. Emanuele, AOU Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy
| | - Grazia Caci
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Arkadiusz Krysinski
- Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Internal Diseases, Endocrinology and Diabetology, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of the Interior (MSWIA), Warsaw, Poland
| | - Edward Franek
- Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Internal Diseases, Endocrinology and Diabetology, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of the Interior (MSWIA), Warsaw, Poland
| | - Riccardo Polosa
- Ambulatorio di Diabetologia, Unità Operativa Complessa (UOC) Medicina Interna E D'Urgenza, Policlinico Universitario, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria (AOU) Policlinico-G. Rodolico-San Marco, Catania, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università Di Catania, Catania, Italy
- Centro per la Prevenzione e Cura del Tabagismo, AOU Policlinico-G. Rodolico-San Marco, dell'Università Di Catania, Catania, Italy
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of Harm Reduction, Dipartimento Di Medicina Clinica E Sperimentale, Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
- ECLAT Srl, Spin-off of the University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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21
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Russo C, Caponnetto P, Cibella F, Maglia M, Alamo A, Campagna D, Frittitta L, Di Mauro M, Leotta C, Mondati E, Krysiński A, Franek E, Polosa R. A double blind randomized controlled trial investigating efficacy and safety of varenicline for smoking cessation in patients with type 2 diabetes: study protocol. Intern Emerg Med 2021; 16:1823-1839. [PMID: 33735416 PMCID: PMC8502165 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-021-02684-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Reducing exposure to cigarette smoke is an imperative for public health and for diabetic patients. Patients with diabetes who continue to smoke face challenges at quitting and the delivery of effective smoking cessation interventions is a major unmet need. The high-affinity α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor partial agonist varenicline in combination with counseling is effective for smoking cessation, but evidence in patients with diabetes is limited. A clinical trial of varenicline targeted specifically at smokers with T2DM is warranted. This randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial will be the first study to test efficacy and safety of varenicline in smokers with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) over the course of 52 weeks. We hypothesize that varenicline treatment (1 mg BID, administered for 12 weeks) would increase quit rates, maintain smoking abstinence up to 1 year after treatment, and be well-tolerated in T2DM smokers intending to quit. Efficacy end points will include carbon monoxide-confirmed continuous abstinence rate (CAR) and 7-day point prevalence of abstinence. The results of this RCT will help inform medical/health authorities and physicians worldwide whether an optimally varenicline-treated cohort of T2DM patients who smoke will experience significant success rates, without significant side effects.Trial registration NCT01387425 ( https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01387425 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- C Russo
- Ambulatorio Di Diabetologia, UOC Medicina Interna E D'Urgenza, Policlinico Universitario, AOU "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Catania, Italy
| | - P Caponnetto
- Centro Per La Prevenzione E Cura del Tabagismo (CPCT), Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-V.Emanuele" Dell'Università Di Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - F Cibella
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council of Italy, Palermo, Italy
| | - M Maglia
- Centro Per La Prevenzione E Cura del Tabagismo (CPCT), Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-V.Emanuele" Dell'Università Di Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - A Alamo
- Centro Diabetologico - UOC Andrologia Ed Endocrinologia, Policlinico Universitario, AOU "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Catania, Italy
| | - D Campagna
- Ambulatorio Di Diabetologia, UOC Medicina Interna E D'Urgenza, Policlinico Universitario, AOU "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Catania, Italy
- UOC MCAU, University Teaching Hospital "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - L Frittitta
- Centro Per Il Diabete E L'Obesità - UOC Endocrinologia, Ospedale Garibaldi Nesima, ARNAS Garibaldi, Catania, Italy
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), Dipartimento Di Medicina Clinica E Sperimentale, Università Di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - M Di Mauro
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), Dipartimento Di Medicina Clinica E Sperimentale, Università Di Catania, Catania, Italy
- Ambulatorio Di Diabetologia, Ospedale V. Emanuele, AOU "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Catania, Italy
| | - C Leotta
- Ambulatorio Di Diabetologia - UOC Geriatria, Ospedale Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy
| | - E Mondati
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), Dipartimento Di Medicina Clinica E Sperimentale, Università Di Catania, Catania, Italy
- UOS Sorveglianza Delle Complicanze Delle Malattie Metaboliche, Ospedale S. Marta, AOU "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Catania, Italy
| | - A Krysiński
- Mossakowski Clinical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Internal Diseases, Endocrinology and Diabetology, Central Clinical Hospital MSWiA, Warsaw, Poland
| | - E Franek
- Mossakowski Clinical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Internal Diseases, Endocrinology and Diabetology, Central Clinical Hospital MSWiA, Warsaw, Poland
| | - R Polosa
- Ambulatorio Di Diabetologia, UOC Medicina Interna E D'Urgenza, Policlinico Universitario, AOU "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Catania, Italy.
- Centro Per La Prevenzione E Cura del Tabagismo (CPCT), Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-V.Emanuele" Dell'Università Di Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123, Catania, Italy.
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), Dipartimento Di Medicina Clinica E Sperimentale, Università Di Catania, Catania, Italy.
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22
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Krysinski A, Russo C, John S, Belsey JD, Campagna D, Caponnetto P, Vudu L, Lim CW, Purrello F, Di Mauro M, Iqbal F, Fluck D, Franek E, Polosa R, Sharma P. International randomised controlled trial evaluating metabolic syndrome in type 2 diabetic cigarette smokers following switching to combustion-free nicotine delivery systems: the DIASMOKE protocol. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e045396. [PMID: 33906842 PMCID: PMC8088261 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Reducing exposure to cigarette smoke is an imperative for public health and for patients with diabetes. Increasingly, combustion-free nicotine delivery systems (C-F NDS) such as e-cigarettes and heated tobacco products are substituting conventional cigarettes and accelerating the downward trends in smoking prevalence. However, there is limited information about the long-term health impact in patients with diabetes who use C-F NDS. This randomised trial of type 2 diabetic cigarette smokers will test the hypothesis that following a switch from conventional cigarettes to C-F NDS a measurable improvement in metabolic syndrome (MetS) factors will be shown over the course of 2 years. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The study is multicentre and thus will take place in five locations in four countries in an ambulatory setting. A total of 576 patients with diabetes will be randomised (1:2 ratio) to either a control arm (Study Arm A), in which they will be offered referral to smoking cessation programmes or to an intervention arm (Study Arm B) assigned to C-F NDS use. Participants will be at least 23 years old and of any gender. Patient recruitment will start in February 2021 and is expected to be completed by December 2021. Primary outcome measures include fasting plasma glucose, blood pressure, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein and waist circumference, while secondary feature absolute change in the sum of the individual factors of MetS and change in each individual factor of MetS measured at each study time point. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The approval of research ethics committee (REC) regarding the trial protocol, informed consent forms and other relevant documents is required to commence the study. Substantial amendments to the study protocol cannot be implemented until the REC grants a favourable opinion. The results of the study are intended to be published as articles in high quality peer-reviewed journals and disseminated through conference papers. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04231838. Pre-results stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arkadiusz Krysinski
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Internal Diseases, Endocrinology and Diabetology, CK MSW, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Cristina Russo
- Ashford and Saint Peter's Hospitals NHS Trust, Chertsey, Surrey, UK
| | - Sarah John
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | | | - Davide Campagna
- U O C. MCAU, University Teaching Hospital 'Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele', University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Pasquale Caponnetto
- Centro per la Prevenzione e Cura del Tabagismo (CPCT), Universita degli Studi di Catania Scuola di Facolta di Medicina, Catania, Italy
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Catania, Sicilia, Italy
| | - Lorina Vudu
- Endocrinology, Nicolae Testemitanu State Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Chisinau, The Republic of Moldova
| | - Chong Wei Lim
- Ashford and Saint Peter's Hospitals NHS Trust, Chertsey, Surrey, UK
| | - Francesco Purrello
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Catania, Sicilia, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Sicilia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Di Mauro
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Catania, Sicilia, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Sicilia, Italy
| | - Farrukh Iqbal
- The University of Lahore University College of Medicine and Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - David Fluck
- Cardiology, Ashford and Saint Peter's Hospitals NHS Trust, Chertsey, Surrey, UK
| | - Edward Franek
- Department of Internal Diseases, Endocrinology and Diabetology, CK MSW, Warszawa, Poland
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polska Akademia Nauk, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Riccardo Polosa
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Catania, Sicilia, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Sicilia, Italy
| | - Pankaj Sharma
- Ashford and Saint Peter's Hospitals NHS Trust, Chertsey, Surrey, UK
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, UK
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23
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Abstract
Polymer mechanochemical pericyclic reactions are reviewed with regard to their structural features and substitution prerequisites to the polymer framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Izak-Nau
- DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials
- 52056 Aachen
- Germany
| | - Davide Campagna
- DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials
- 52056 Aachen
- Germany
- Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry
- RWTH Aachen University
| | - Christoph Baumann
- DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials
- 52056 Aachen
- Germany
- Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry
- RWTH Aachen University
| | - Robert Göstl
- DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials
- 52056 Aachen
- Germany
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Romeo V, Tierno SM, Bellini V, Andrulli AD, De Paula U, Stipa F, Campagna D, Vitelli CE. Conservative surgical treatment in rectal cancer after complete pathological response to neoadjuvant treatment. Prospective observational study. Clin Ter 2019; 170:e199-e205. [PMID: 31173050 DOI: 10.7417/ct.2019.2133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In 2012 we started a prospective observational study at San Giovanni Addolorata Hospital in Rome for patients with rectal cancer with complete response to neoadjuvant therapy (nCRT). In our, IRB approved protocol, patients are evaluated at time 0 by physical, endoscopic, pathological and radiological examinations. 6 weeks after completion of nCRT they are re-evaluated. In case of persistence or progression of disease patients undergo surgery with Total Mesorectal Excision. In case of complete or major clinical response they are re-evaluated at 12 weeks and subjected to transanal surgical excision to confirm complete pathological response (pCR). If tumor is found in the transanal excision specimen the patient is operated upon whereas patients with pCR are followed up at 3 months interval.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Romeo
- UOC Chirurgia Generale ad Indirizzo Oncologico Azienda ospedaliera San Giovanni-Addolorata Rome
| | - S M Tierno
- UOC Chirurgia Generale Ospedale M.G. Vannini Rome
| | - V Bellini
- UOC Oncologia Medica Azienda ospedaliera San Giovanni-Addolorata
| | - A D Andrulli
- UOC Radioterapia Azienda ospedaliera San Giovanni-Addolorata
| | - U De Paula
- UOC Radioterapia Azienda ospedaliera San Giovanni-Addolorata
| | - F Stipa
- UOC Chirurgia Generale Ospedale M.G. Vannini Rome
| | - D Campagna
- UOC Anatomia Patologica Azienda ospedaliera San Giovanni-Addolorata Rome, Italy
| | - C E Vitelli
- UOC Chirurgia Generale Ospedale M.G. Vannini Rome
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25
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Botticelli A, Cerbelli B, Pisano A, Naso G, Monti M, Ascierto PA, Costarelli L, Magri V, Mauri M, Pignataro MG, Campagna D, Pernazza A, Nuti M, Fortunato L, Della Rocca C, D'Amati G, Marchetti P. Abstract P5-12-08: Not presented. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p5-12-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This abstract was not presented at the conference.
Citation Format: Botticelli A, Cerbelli B, Pisano A, Naso G, Monti M, Ascierto PA, Costarelli L, Magri V, Mauri M, Pignataro MG, Campagna D, Pernazza A, Nuti M, Fortunato L, Della Rocca C, D'Amati G, Marchetti P. Not presented [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-12-08.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Botticelli
- Sapienza , University of Rome, Rome, Italy; San Giovanni Addolorata, Hospital, Rome, Italy; Istituto Nazionale Tumori -IRCCS- 'Fondazione G. Pascale', Naples, Italy
| | - B Cerbelli
- Sapienza , University of Rome, Rome, Italy; San Giovanni Addolorata, Hospital, Rome, Italy; Istituto Nazionale Tumori -IRCCS- 'Fondazione G. Pascale', Naples, Italy
| | - A Pisano
- Sapienza , University of Rome, Rome, Italy; San Giovanni Addolorata, Hospital, Rome, Italy; Istituto Nazionale Tumori -IRCCS- 'Fondazione G. Pascale', Naples, Italy
| | - G Naso
- Sapienza , University of Rome, Rome, Italy; San Giovanni Addolorata, Hospital, Rome, Italy; Istituto Nazionale Tumori -IRCCS- 'Fondazione G. Pascale', Naples, Italy
| | - M Monti
- Sapienza , University of Rome, Rome, Italy; San Giovanni Addolorata, Hospital, Rome, Italy; Istituto Nazionale Tumori -IRCCS- 'Fondazione G. Pascale', Naples, Italy
| | - PA Ascierto
- Sapienza , University of Rome, Rome, Italy; San Giovanni Addolorata, Hospital, Rome, Italy; Istituto Nazionale Tumori -IRCCS- 'Fondazione G. Pascale', Naples, Italy
| | - L Costarelli
- Sapienza , University of Rome, Rome, Italy; San Giovanni Addolorata, Hospital, Rome, Italy; Istituto Nazionale Tumori -IRCCS- 'Fondazione G. Pascale', Naples, Italy
| | - V Magri
- Sapienza , University of Rome, Rome, Italy; San Giovanni Addolorata, Hospital, Rome, Italy; Istituto Nazionale Tumori -IRCCS- 'Fondazione G. Pascale', Naples, Italy
| | - M Mauri
- Sapienza , University of Rome, Rome, Italy; San Giovanni Addolorata, Hospital, Rome, Italy; Istituto Nazionale Tumori -IRCCS- 'Fondazione G. Pascale', Naples, Italy
| | - MG Pignataro
- Sapienza , University of Rome, Rome, Italy; San Giovanni Addolorata, Hospital, Rome, Italy; Istituto Nazionale Tumori -IRCCS- 'Fondazione G. Pascale', Naples, Italy
| | - D Campagna
- Sapienza , University of Rome, Rome, Italy; San Giovanni Addolorata, Hospital, Rome, Italy; Istituto Nazionale Tumori -IRCCS- 'Fondazione G. Pascale', Naples, Italy
| | - A Pernazza
- Sapienza , University of Rome, Rome, Italy; San Giovanni Addolorata, Hospital, Rome, Italy; Istituto Nazionale Tumori -IRCCS- 'Fondazione G. Pascale', Naples, Italy
| | - M Nuti
- Sapienza , University of Rome, Rome, Italy; San Giovanni Addolorata, Hospital, Rome, Italy; Istituto Nazionale Tumori -IRCCS- 'Fondazione G. Pascale', Naples, Italy
| | - L Fortunato
- Sapienza , University of Rome, Rome, Italy; San Giovanni Addolorata, Hospital, Rome, Italy; Istituto Nazionale Tumori -IRCCS- 'Fondazione G. Pascale', Naples, Italy
| | - C Della Rocca
- Sapienza , University of Rome, Rome, Italy; San Giovanni Addolorata, Hospital, Rome, Italy; Istituto Nazionale Tumori -IRCCS- 'Fondazione G. Pascale', Naples, Italy
| | - G D'Amati
- Sapienza , University of Rome, Rome, Italy; San Giovanni Addolorata, Hospital, Rome, Italy; Istituto Nazionale Tumori -IRCCS- 'Fondazione G. Pascale', Naples, Italy
| | - P Marchetti
- Sapienza , University of Rome, Rome, Italy; San Giovanni Addolorata, Hospital, Rome, Italy; Istituto Nazionale Tumori -IRCCS- 'Fondazione G. Pascale', Naples, Italy
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Campagna D, Alamo A, Di Pino A, Russo C, Calogero AE, Purrello F, Polosa R. Smoking and diabetes: dangerous liaisons and confusing relationships. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2019; 11:85. [PMID: 31666811 PMCID: PMC6813988 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-019-0482-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The combined harmful effects of cigarette smoking and hyperglycemia can accelerate vascular damage in patients with diabetes who smoke, as is well known. Can smoking cause diabetes? What are the effects of smoking on macro and microvascular complications? Now growing evidence indicates that regular smokers are at risk of developing incident diabetes. Since the prevalence rates of smoking in patients with diabetes are relatively similar to those of the general population, it is essential to address the main modifiable risk factor of smoking to prevent the onset of diabetes and delay the development of its complications. Quitting smoking shows clear benefits in terms of reducing or slowing the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in people with diabetes. Does quitting smoking decrease the incidence of diabetes and its progression? What are the effects of quitting smoking on complications? The current evidence does not seem to unequivocally suggest a positive role for quitting in patients with diabetes. Quitting smoking has also been shown to have a negative impact on body weight, glycemic control and subsequent increased risk of new-onset diabetes. Moreover, its role on microvascular complications of the disease is unclear. What are the current smoking cessation treatments, and which ones are better for patients with diabetes? Stopping smoking may be of value for diabetes prevention and management of the disease and its macrovascular and microvascular complications. Unfortunately, achieving long-lasting abstinence is not easy and novel approaches for managing these patients are needed. This narrative review examines the evidence on the impact of smoking and smoking cessation in patients with diabetes and particularly in type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications. In addition, management options and potential future directions will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Campagna
- Centro per la Prevenzione e Cura del Tabagismo (CPCT), University Teaching Hospital “Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele”, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- U.O.C. MCAU, University Teaching Hospital “Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele”, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - A. Alamo
- Centro per la Prevenzione e Cura del Tabagismo (CPCT), University Teaching Hospital “Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele”, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Division of Andrology and Endocrinology, University Teaching Hospital “Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele”, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, (MEDCLIN), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - A. Di Pino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, (MEDCLIN), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - C. Russo
- Centro per la Prevenzione e Cura del Tabagismo (CPCT), University Teaching Hospital “Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele”, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - A. E. Calogero
- Division of Andrology and Endocrinology, University Teaching Hospital “Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele”, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, (MEDCLIN), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - F. Purrello
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, (MEDCLIN), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - R. Polosa
- Centro per la Prevenzione e Cura del Tabagismo (CPCT), University Teaching Hospital “Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele”, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, (MEDCLIN), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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27
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Caruso M, Cibella F, Emma R, Campagna D, Tringali G, Amaradio MD, Polosa R. Basophil biomarkers as useful predictors for sublingual immunotherapy in allergic rhinitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 60:50-58. [PMID: 29702283 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Prevalence of allergic diseases is increasing worldwide. Allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) is potentially the only curative treatment for allergy, but there is a lack of reliable methods to monitor the immune responses to ASIT and to predict clinical efficacy. Recently, the definition of allergen sensitivity threshold (CD-Sens) by Basophil Activation Tests has been suggested as potential method in this context. The aim of this study was to compare trends of CD-Sens, measured by the markers CD63 and CD203c, and clinical symptoms in subjects with allergic rhinitis receiving Sublingual Immunotherapy (SLIT). 26 rhinitis patients allergic to Parietaria were selected and matched into two groups; a SLIT treated group (SG) and a reference group (RG) treated by traditional anti-allergic medications. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score for the four cardinal symptoms of rhinitis and peripheral blood was collected before the first dose of SLIT (T0) and after 12 months (T12) to define the severity of the symptoms and the sensitivity of basophils to Parietaria. The comparison between T0 and T12 in SG patients showed a significant decrease of symptom severity (VAS score) and an increased tolerability of basophils to Parietaria (CD-Sens) both by CD63 and CD203c. But, only CD203c seems to be correlated with the clinical symptoms. These data corroborate the hypothesis that SLIT could change the immunological course of allergic sensitization already in the first year, and that an immunological parameter as CD-Sens measured by CD63 and CD203c expression on stimulated basophils could be useful to monitor the changes in the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Caruso
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Fabio Cibella
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology, via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Rosalia Emma
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Davide Campagna
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tringali
- Istituto Ricerca Medica ed Ambientale (I.R.M.A.) Srl, Via Paolo Vasta, 158/C, 95024 Acireale (CT), Italy
| | - Maria Domenica Amaradio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Riccardo Polosa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy
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Botticelli A, Cerbelli B, Pernazza A, Onesti C, Sciattella P, Costarelli L, Monti M, Campagna D, Mazzuca F, Fortunato L, Marchetti P, D'Amati G. PD-L1 expression in TNBC: A predictive biomarker of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy? Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx363.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Sambataro D, Sambataro G, Dal Bosco Y, Campagna D, Polosa R. Is there any role for thoracic ultrasound for interstitial lung disease underlying rheumatologic conditions? Reply. Intern Emerg Med 2017; 12:905-906. [PMID: 28451992 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-017-1669-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Sambataro
- Artroreuma srl, Outpatient of Rheumatology Accredited with National Health System, Corso San Vito 53, 95030, Mascalucia, CT, Italy.
- Institute of Internal and Emergency Medicine, Teaching Hospital "Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, 95123, Catania, Italy.
| | - Gianluca Sambataro
- Artroreuma srl, Outpatient of Rheumatology Accredited with National Health System, Corso San Vito 53, 95030, Mascalucia, CT, Italy
- Institute of Internal and Emergency Medicine, Teaching Hospital "Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Ylenia Dal Bosco
- Institute of Internal and Emergency Medicine, Teaching Hospital "Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Davide Campagna
- Institute of Internal and Emergency Medicine, Teaching Hospital "Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Riccardo Polosa
- Institute of Internal and Emergency Medicine, Teaching Hospital "Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, 95123, Catania, Italy
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Lefaudeux D, De Meulder B, Loza MJ, Peffer N, Rowe A, Baribaud F, Bansal AT, Lutter R, Sousa AR, Corfield J, Pandis I, Bakke PS, Caruso M, Chanez P, Dahlén SE, Fleming LJ, Fowler SJ, Horvath I, Krug N, Montuschi P, Sanak M, Sandstrom T, Shaw DE, Singer F, Sterk PJ, Roberts G, Adcock IM, Djukanovic R, Auffray C, Chung KF, Adriaens N, Ahmed H, Aliprantis A, Alving K, Badorek P, Balgoma D, Barber C, Bautmans A, Behndig AF, Bel E, Beleta J, Berglind A, Berton A, Bigler J, Bisgaard H, Bochenek G, Boedigheimer MJ, Bøonnelykke K, Brandsma J, Braun A, Brinkman P, Burg D, Campagna D, Carayannopoulos L, Carvalho da Purfição Rocha JP, Chaiboonchoe A, Chaleckis R, Coleman C, Compton C, D'Amico A, Dahlén B, De Alba J, de Boer P, De Lepeleire I, Dekker T, Delin I, Dennison P, Dijkhuis A, Draper A, Edwards J, Emma R, Ericsson M, Erpenbeck V, Erzen D, Faulenbach C, Fichtner K, Fitch N, Flood B, Frey U, Gahlemann M, Galffy G, Gallart H, Garret T, Geiser T, Gent J, Gerhardsson de Verdier M, Gibeon D, Gomez C, Gove K, Gozzard N, Guo YK, Hashimoto S, Haughney J, Hedlin G, Hekking PP, Henriksson E, Hewitt L, Higgenbottam T, Hoda U, Hohlfeld J, Holweg C, Howarth P, Hu R, Hu S, Hu X, Hudson V, James AJ, Kamphuis J, Kennington EJ, Kerry D, Klüglich M, Knobel H, Knowles R, Knox A, Kolmert J, Konradsen J, Kots M, Krueger L, Kuo S, Kupczyk M, Lambrecht B, Lantz AS, Larsson L, Lazarinis N, Lone-Satif S, Marouzet L, Martin J, Masefield S, Mathon C, Matthews JG, Mazein A, Meah S, Maiser A, Menzies-Gow A, Metcalf L, Middelveld R, Mikus M, Miralpeix M, Monk P, Mores N, Murray CS, Musial J, Myles D, Naz S, Nething K, Nicholas B, Nihlen U, Nilsson P, Nordlund B, Östling J, Pacino A, Pahus L, Palkonnen S, Pavlidis S, Pennazza G, Petrén A, Pink S, Postle A, Powel P, Rahman-Amin M, Rao N, Ravanetti L, Ray E, Reinke S, Reynolds L, Riemann K, Riley J, Robberechts M, Roberts A, Rossios C, Russell K, Rutgers M, Santini G, Sentoninco M, Schoelch C, Schofield JP, Seibold W, Sigmund R, Sjödin M, Skipp PJ, Smids B, Smith C, Smith J, Smith KM, Söderman P, Sogbesan A, Staykova D, Strandberg K, Sun K, Supple D, Szentkereszty M, Tamasi L, Tariq K, Thörngren JO, Thornton B, Thorsen J, Valente S, van Aalderenm W, van de Pol M, van Drunen K, van Geest M, Versnel J, Vestbo J, Vink A, Vissing N, von Garnier C, Wagerner A, Wagers S, Wald F, Walker S, Ward J, Weiszhart Z, Wetzel K, Wheelock CE, Wiegman C, Williams S, Wilson SJ, Woosdcock A, Yang X, Yeyashingham E, Yu W, Zetterquist W, Zwinderman K. U-BIOPRED clinical adult asthma clusters linked to a subset of sputum omics. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 139:1797-1807. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Sambataro D, Sambataro G, Dal Bosco Y, Campagna D, Polosa R. Is there any role for thoracic ultrasound for interstitial lung disease underlying rheumatologic conditions? Intern Emerg Med 2017; 12:283-285. [PMID: 28260220 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-017-1642-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Sambataro
- ArtroReuma srl, Outpatient of Rheumatology Accredited with National Health System, Corso San Vito 53, 95030, Mascalucia, CT, Italy.
- Institute of Internal and Emergency Medicine, Teaching Hospital "Policlinico, Vittorio Emanuele" University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, 95123, Catania, Italy.
- , Via G. Vitale 1, 95028, Valverde, CT, Italy.
| | - Gianluca Sambataro
- ArtroReuma srl, Outpatient of Rheumatology Accredited with National Health System, Corso San Vito 53, 95030, Mascalucia, CT, Italy
- Institute of Internal and Emergency Medicine, Teaching Hospital "Policlinico, Vittorio Emanuele" University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Ylenia Dal Bosco
- Institute of Internal and Emergency Medicine, Teaching Hospital "Policlinico, Vittorio Emanuele" University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Davide Campagna
- Institute of Internal and Emergency Medicine, Teaching Hospital "Policlinico, Vittorio Emanuele" University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Riccardo Polosa
- Institute of Internal and Emergency Medicine, Teaching Hospital "Policlinico, Vittorio Emanuele" University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, 95123, Catania, Italy
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Campagna D, Cibella F, Caponnetto P, Amaradio MD, Caruso M, Morjaria JB, Malerba M, Polosa R. Changes in breathomics from a 1-year randomized smoking cessation trial of electronic cigarettes. Eur J Clin Invest 2016; 46:698-706. [PMID: 27322745 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electronic cigarette (EC) use is an emerging behaviour that has been shown to help smokers to reduce cigarette consumption. The aim of this study was to illustrate long-term changes in exhaled breath measurements and respiratory symptoms in smokers invited to quit or reduce their cigarette consumption by switching to ECs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Prospective evaluation of cigarette consumption, fractional nitric oxide concentration in exhaled breath (FeNO), exhaled carbon monoxide (eCO) and symptom scores was performed in a 1-year randomized, controlled trial of 'healthy' smokers receiving 2·4% nicotine, 1·8% nicotine or no nicotine ECs. FeNO and eCO data are presented on the basis of participants' pooled continuous smoking phenotype classification (failures, reducers and quitters). RESULTS A significant effect of quitting classification was found on FeNo and eCO at all time points (P < 0·0001). Among quitters, FeNO (medians and interquartile range) rose from 5·5 (4·5-6·9) ppb to 17·7 (13·3-18·9) ppb by week 52. Baseline eCO (medians and interquartile range) decreased from 17 (12-20) ppm to 3 (1-4) ppm by week 52. No significant changes in FeNO and eCO levels were observed in failures and reducers. Improvements in FeNO and eCO levels were correlated with attenuations in symptom scores. CONCLUSIONS Smokers invited to switch to electronic cigarettes who completely abstained from smoking showed steady progressive improvements in their exhaled breath measurements and symptom scores. FeNo and eCO normalization is highly supportive of improved respiratory health outcomes and adds to the notion that quitting from tobacco smoking can reverse harm in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Campagna
- Centro per la Prevenzione e Cura del Tabagismo, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria 'Policlinico-V. Emanuele', Università di Catania, Catania, Italy.,Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria 'Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele', Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Fabio Cibella
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology, Palermo, Italy
| | - Pasquale Caponnetto
- Centro per la Prevenzione e Cura del Tabagismo, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria 'Policlinico-V. Emanuele', Università di Catania, Catania, Italy.,Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria 'Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele', Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Domenica Amaradio
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria 'Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele', Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Massimo Caruso
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria 'Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele', Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Jaymin B Morjaria
- Department of Academic Respiratory Medicine, Hull York Medical School, Castle Hill Hospital, University of Hull, Cottingham, UK
| | - Mario Malerba
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Brescia and AOU Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Riccardo Polosa
- Centro per la Prevenzione e Cura del Tabagismo, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria 'Policlinico-V. Emanuele', Università di Catania, Catania, Italy.,Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria 'Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele', Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
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Campagna D, Amaradio MD, Sands MF, Polosa R. Respiratory infections and pneumonia: potential benefits of switching from smoking to vaping. Pneumonia (Nathan) 2016; 8:4. [PMID: 28702284 PMCID: PMC5469192 DOI: 10.1186/s41479-016-0001-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstaining from tobacco smoking is likely to lower the risk of respiratory infections and pneumonia. Unfortunately, quitting smoking is not easy. Electronic cigarettes (ECs) are emerging as an attractive long-term alternative nicotine source to conventional cigarettes and are being adopted by smokers who wish to reduce or quit cigarette consumption. Also, given that the propylene glycol in EC aerosols is a potent bactericidal agent, switching from smoking to regular vaping is likely to produce additional lung health benefits. Here, we critically address some of the concerns arising from regular EC use in relation to lung health, including respiratory infections and pneumonia. In conclusion, smokers who quit by switching to regular ECs use can reduce risk and reverse harm from tobacco smoking. Innovation in the e-vapour category is likely not only to further minimise residual health risks, but also to maximise health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Campagna
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università di Catania, Catania, Italy.,UOC di Medicina Interna e d'Urgenza, Edificio 4, Piano 3, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Domenica Amaradio
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università di Catania, Catania, Italy.,UOC di Medicina Interna e d'Urgenza, Edificio 4, Piano 3, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Catania, Italy
| | - Mark F Sands
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY USA.,The Veterans Administration Healthcare System of Western New York, Buffalo, NY USA
| | - Riccardo Polosa
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università di Catania, Catania, Italy.,UOC di Medicina Interna e d'Urgenza, Edificio 4, Piano 3, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Catania, Italy
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Campagna D, Gasparini F, Franchi N, Vitulo N, Ballin F, Manni L, Valle G, Ballarin L. Transcriptome dynamics in the asexual cycle of the chordate Botryllus schlosseri. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:275. [PMID: 27038623 PMCID: PMC4818882 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2598-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We performed an analysis of the transcriptome during the blastogenesis of the chordate Botryllus schlosseri, focusing in particular on genes involved in cell death by apoptosis. The tunicate B. schlosseri is an ascidian forming colonies characterized by the coexistence of three blastogenetic generations: filter-feeding adults, buds on adults, and budlets on buds. Cyclically, adult tissues undergo apoptosis and are progressively resorbed and replaced by their buds originated by asexual reproduction. This is a feature of colonial tunicates, the only known chordates that can reproduce asexually. Results Thanks to a newly developed web-based platform (http://botryllus.cribi.unipd.it), we compared the transcriptomes of the mid-cycle, the pre-take-over, and the take-over phases of the colonial blastogenetic cycle. The platform is equipped with programs for comparative analysis and allows to select the statistical stringency. We enriched the genome annotation with 11,337 new genes; 581 transcripts were resolved as complete open reading frames, translated in silico into amino acid sequences and then aligned onto the non-redundant sequence database. Significant differentially expressed genes were classified within the gene ontology categories. Among them, we recognized genes involved in apoptosis activation, de-activation, and regulation. Conclusions With the current work, we contributed to the improvement of the first released B. schlosseri genome assembly and offer an overview of the transcriptome changes during the blastogenetic cycle, showing up- and down-regulated genes. These results are important for the comprehension of the events underlying colony growth and regression, cell proliferation, colony homeostasis, and competition among different generations. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-2598-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Campagna
- CRIBI Biotechnology Centre, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi, 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Fabio Gasparini
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi, 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Nicola Franchi
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi, 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Nicola Vitulo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi, 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy.,Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Francesca Ballin
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi, 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Lucia Manni
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi, 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Valle
- CRIBI Biotechnology Centre, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi, 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy.,Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi, 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Loriano Ballarin
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi, 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
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Abstract
The authors present a case of a man with recurrent syncopal episodes. The patient had been hospitalized twice before reaching a correct diagnosis. The syncope was originally ascribed to a sick sinus syndrome, which led to pacemaker implantation. Nonetheless, the patient relapsed with no evidence of pacemaker dysfunction, and was readmitted to the hospital where the likely cause for his symptoms was identified: an adenocarcinoma of the lung infiltrating the vagus and recurrent laryngeal nerves. No further syncopal episodes occurred after thoracic surgery. This syncope led to an early diagnosis of lung cancer leading to appropriate and life extending treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Campagna
- UOC di Medicina Interna e Medicina d'Urgenza, Edificio 4, Piano 3, AOU ''Policlinico, V. Emanuele'', P.O. "G. Rodolico", Via S. Sofia, 78, 95123, Catania, Italy.
| | - Maria Domenica Amaradio
- UOC di Medicina Interna e Medicina d'Urgenza, Edificio 4, Piano 3, AOU ''Policlinico, V. Emanuele'', P.O. "G. Rodolico", Via S. Sofia, 78, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Eliana Battaglia
- UOC di Medicina Interna e Medicina d'Urgenza, Edificio 4, Piano 3, AOU ''Policlinico, V. Emanuele'', P.O. "G. Rodolico", Via S. Sofia, 78, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Shirin Demma
- UOC di Medicina Interna e Medicina d'Urgenza, Edificio 4, Piano 3, AOU ''Policlinico, V. Emanuele'', P.O. "G. Rodolico", Via S. Sofia, 78, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Cristina Russo
- UOC di Medicina Interna e Medicina d'Urgenza, Edificio 4, Piano 3, AOU ''Policlinico, V. Emanuele'', P.O. "G. Rodolico", Via S. Sofia, 78, 95123, Catania, Italy
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Riccardo Polosa
- UOC di Medicina Interna e Medicina d'Urgenza, Edificio 4, Piano 3, AOU ''Policlinico, V. Emanuele'', P.O. "G. Rodolico", Via S. Sofia, 78, 95123, Catania, Italy
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Farsalinos K, Cibella F, Caponnetto P, Campagna D, Morjaria JB, Battaglia E, Caruso M, Russo C, Polosa R. Effect of continuous smoking reduction and abstinence on blood pressure and heart rate in smokers switching to electronic cigarettes. Intern Emerg Med 2016; 11:85-94. [PMID: 26749533 PMCID: PMC4747988 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-015-1361-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We present prospective blood pressure (BP) and hear rate (HR) changes in smokers invited to switch to e-cigarettes in the ECLAT study. BP and HR changes were compared among (1) different study groups (users of high, low, and zero nicotine products) and (2) pooled continuous smoking phenotype classification (same phenotype from week 12 to -52), with participants classified as quitters (completely quit smoking), reducers (≥50% reduction in smoking consumption) and failures (<50% or no reduction in smoking consumption). Additionally, the latter comparison was repeated in a subgroup of participants with elevated BP at baseline. No significant changes were observed among study groups for systolic BP, diastolic BP, and HR. In 145 subjects with a continuous smoking phenotype, we observed lower systolic BP at week 52 compared to baseline but no effect of smoking phenotype classification. When the same analysis was repeated in 66 subjects with elevated BP at baseline, a substantial reduction in systolic BP was observed at week 52 compared to baseline (132.4 ± 12.0 vs. 141.2 ± 10.5 mmHg, p < 0.001), with a significant effect found for smoking phenotype classification. After adjusting for weight change, gender and age, reduction in systolic BP from baseline at week 52 remains associated significantly with both smoking reduction and smoking abstinence. In conclusion, smokers who reduce or quit smoking by switching to e-cigarettes may lower their systolic BP in the long term, and this reduction is apparent in smokers with elevated BP. The current study adds to the evidence that quitting smoking with the use of e-cigarettes does not lead to higher BP values, and this is independently observed whether e-cigarettes are regularly used or not.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabio Cibella
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology, Palermo, Italy
| | - Pasquale Caponnetto
- Centro Per La Prevenzione e Cura Del Tabagismo, Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Università di Catania, Catania, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Clinica e Molecolare, Università di Catania, Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", Università di Catania, Catania, Italy.
| | - Davide Campagna
- Centro Per La Prevenzione e Cura Del Tabagismo, Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Clinica e Molecolare, Università di Catania, Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Jaymin Bhagwanji Morjaria
- Division of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Studies, Hull York Medical School, Castle Hill Hospital, University of Hull, Cottingham, UK
| | - Eliana Battaglia
- Centro Per La Prevenzione e Cura Del Tabagismo, Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Clinica e Molecolare, Università di Catania, Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Massimo Caruso
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Clinica e Molecolare, Università di Catania, Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Cristina Russo
- Centro Per La Prevenzione e Cura Del Tabagismo, Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Clinica e Molecolare, Università di Catania, Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Riccardo Polosa
- Centro Per La Prevenzione e Cura Del Tabagismo, Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Università di Catania, Catania, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Clinica e Molecolare, Università di Catania, Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", Università di Catania, Catania, Italy.
- UOC di Medicina Interna e d'Urgenza, Edificio 4, Piano 3, AOU ''Policlinico-V. Emanuele'', Via S. Sofia 78, 95123, Catania, Italy.
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Polosa R, Morjaria JB, Caponnetto P, Caruso M, Campagna D, Amaradio MD, Ciampi G, Russo C, Fisichella A. Persisting long term benefits of smoking abstinence and reduction in asthmatic smokers who have switched to electronic cigarettes. Discov Med 2016; 21:99-108. [PMID: 27011045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improvements in asthma outcomes have been recently reported in asthmatic smokers who have substantially reduced their tobacco consumption by switching to ECs. Confirmation of these preliminary findings is necessary to reassure patients, healthcare professionals and policy makers. Here, we present findings from long term prospective assessment of objective and subjective asthma outcomes as well as safety and tolerability in this group of EC users with asthma. METHODS We prospectively re-evaluated respiratory symptoms, lung function, airway hyperresponsiveness, asthma control, asthma exacerbations and tobacco consumption in adult daily ECs users with asthma who were previously studied in a retrospective study. Measurements recorded at baseline prior to switching were compared with those at the follow-up visits at 6, 12, and 24 months. RESULTS Eighteen ECs users with mild to moderate asthma were followed up prospectively. Complete data was obtained from sixteen EC users and two relapsers. Significant and stable improvements in respiratory symptoms, lung function, AHR, ACQ, and tobacco consumption were observed in the 16 ECs users with asthma, but no significant changes in exacerbation rates were reported. Similar findings were found in the dual users. CONCLUSION This prospective study confirms that EC use ameliorates objective and subjective asthma outcomes and shows that these beneficial effects may persist in the long term. EC use can reverse harm from tobacco smoking in asthma patients who smoke. The evidence-based notion that substitution of conventional cigarettes with EC is unlikely to raise significant respiratory concerns, can improve counseling between physicians and their asthmatic patients who are using or intend to use ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Polosa
- Department of Clinical and Biomolecular Medicine, University of Catania, Italy
- Centro per la Prevenzione e Cura del Tabagismo (CPCT), "Policlinico - V. Emanuele", University of Catania, Italy
- Internal and Emergency Medicine, "Policlinico - V. Emanuele", University of Catania, Italy
- These authors contributed equally to this article
| | - Jaymin B Morjaria
- Department of Academic Respiratory Medicine, University of Hull, Castle Hill Hospital, Castle Road, Cottingham HU16 5JQ, UK
- These authors contributed equally to this article
| | - Pasquale Caponnetto
- Department of Clinical and Biomolecular Medicine, University of Catania, Italy
- Centro per la Prevenzione e Cura del Tabagismo (CPCT), "Policlinico - V. Emanuele", University of Catania, Italy
| | - Massimo Caruso
- Department of Clinical and Biomolecular Medicine, University of Catania, Italy
- Internal and Emergency Medicine, "Policlinico - V. Emanuele", University of Catania, Italy
| | - Davide Campagna
- Department of Clinical and Biomolecular Medicine, University of Catania, Italy
- Internal and Emergency Medicine, "Policlinico - V. Emanuele", University of Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Domenica Amaradio
- Department of Clinical and Biomolecular Medicine, University of Catania, Italy
- Internal and Emergency Medicine, "Policlinico - V. Emanuele", University of Catania, Italy
| | - Giovanni Ciampi
- Accident and Emergency Department, Garibaldi-Central Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | - Cristina Russo
- Accident and Emergency Department, Garibaldi-Central Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | - Alfredo Fisichella
- Department of Clinical and Biomolecular Medicine, University of Catania, Italy
- Internal and Emergency Medicine, "Policlinico - V. Emanuele", University of Catania, Italy
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Russo C, Cibella F, Caponnetto P, Campagna D, Maglia M, Frazzetto E, Mondati E, Caruso M, Polosa R. Evaluation of Post Cessation Weight Gain in a 1-Year Randomized Smoking Cessation Trial of Electronic Cigarettes. Sci Rep 2016; 6:18763. [PMID: 26729619 PMCID: PMC4700433 DOI: 10.1038/srep18763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Stop smoking it is often associated to weight gain that is one of the most important causes for relapse. This is the first study to describe long-term changes in body weight in smokers invited to quit or reduce smoking by switching to ECs. Conventional cigarettes consumption and body weight were measured prospectively in a randomized controlled trial of smokers invited to switch to ECs. Post cessation weight changes from baseline at week-12, -24 and -52 were compared among 1) high, medium and zero nicotine strength products and 2) pooled continuous smoking failure, smoking reduction and abstinence phenotypes. Saliva cotinine levels and appetite levels were also measured. No significant changes in body weight were observed among high, medium and zero nicotine strength products. Differences among continuous smoking phenotypes were significant only at week-12 (p = 0.010) and week-24 (p = 0.012) with quitters gaining 2.4{plus minus}4.3 Kg and 2.9{plus minus}4.4 Kg respectively. However, weight gain at week-52 (1.5{plus minus}5.0 Kg) was no longer significant compared to Failures and Reducers. No confounding factors could explain the significant changes in body weight. Smokers who quit smoking by switching to ECs may limit their post-cessation weight gain, with substantial reversal in weight gain being manifest at late time points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Russo
- Centro per la Prevenzione e Cura del Tabagismo, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Università di Catania, Catania, Italy.,Institute of Internal Medicine, S. Marta Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Fabio Cibella
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology, Palermo, Italy
| | - Pasquale Caponnetto
- Centro per la Prevenzione e Cura del Tabagismo, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Università di Catania, Catania, Italy.,Institute of Internal Medicine, S. Marta Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Davide Campagna
- Centro per la Prevenzione e Cura del Tabagismo, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Università di Catania, Catania, Italy.,Institute of Internal Medicine, S. Marta Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Marilena Maglia
- Centro per la Prevenzione e Cura del Tabagismo, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Università di Catania, Catania, Italy.,Institute of Internal Medicine, S. Marta Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Evelise Frazzetto
- Institute of Internal Medicine, S. Marta Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Enrico Mondati
- Institute of Internal Medicine, S. Marta Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Massimo Caruso
- Institute of Internal Medicine, S. Marta Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Riccardo Polosa
- Centro per la Prevenzione e Cura del Tabagismo, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Università di Catania, Catania, Italy.,Institute of Internal Medicine, S. Marta Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
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Polosa R, Campagna D, Sands MF. Counseling patients with asthma and allergy about electronic cigarettes: an evidence-based approach. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2015; 116:106-11. [PMID: 26522253 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2015.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide an evidence-based review of common safety concerns and emerging potential benefits deriving from the regular use of electronic cigarettes (ECs) and thus improve counseling between physicians and their patients with asthma and allergy using or intending to use ECs. DATA SOURCES Peer-reviewed articles from the National Center for Biotechnology Information's PubMed about ECs, risk reduction, and harm reversal were appraised. STUDY SELECTION Keywords used in the search were smoking cessation, electronic cigarette, counseling, asthma, allergy, nicotine, tobacco harm reduction, and harm reversal. RESULTS Vapor toxicology is far less problematic compared with combustible cigarettes, with exclusive EC users having substantial lower risk of exposure to tobacco smoke toxicants and carcinogens compared with cigarette smokers. Moreover, there is emerging evidence that switching to regular EC use could produce significant respiratory health gains. CONCLUSION Inaccurate and inconsistent information about EC safety and efficacy, tobacco harm reduction, and nicotine toxicity is being offered to smokers and EC users. In particular, most health care professionals cannot communicate a clear and consistent message to their patients with respiratory problems and allergy who use or intend to use ECs. Therefore, it is important for the medical community to take an active role in considering all the pathways available to a smoking patient and recommend those that provide the greatest probability of eliminating exposure to tobacco smoke, including ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Polosa
- Centro per la Prevenzione e Cura del Tabagismo, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico V. Emanuele", Catania, Italy; Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università di Catania, Catania, Italy; UOC di Medicina Interna e d'Urgenza, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico V. Emanuele", Catania, Italy.
| | - Davide Campagna
- Centro per la Prevenzione e Cura del Tabagismo, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico V. Emanuele", Catania, Italy; Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università di Catania, Catania, Italy; UOC di Medicina Interna e d'Urgenza, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico V. Emanuele", Catania, Italy
| | - Mark F Sands
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York; The Veterans Administration Healthcare System of Western New York, Buffalo, New York
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Abstract
Enormous progress has been made in the understanding of the hepatitis C virus and the development of novel therapeutic agents since the identification of the virus, from initial interferon monotherapy to PEGylated interferon in combination with ribavirin for 48-72 weeks that used to be the standard of care in hepatitis C virus therapy. However, this combination has limited efficacy and a significant side effect profile including flu-like symptoms, anemia, leukopenia, autoimmune disorders and depression, so it is often poorly tolerated. Recently, direct-acting antiviral agents, such as the first-generation NS3/4A protease inhibitors, have been added to this combination, improving the percentage of successful treatments. Faldaprevir is a first-generation, second wave, protease inhibitor that, when combined with PEGylated interferon and ribavirin, has been shown to increase treatment success with shorter treatment duration. Various direct-acting antiviral agent combinations in interferon-free regimens have been effective in over 95% of patients and are now in licensed use.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Campagna
- Institute of Internal and Emergency Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
| | - S Demma
- Hepatology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Campagna D, Gasparini F, Franchi N, Manni L, Telatin A, Vitulo N, Ballarin L, Valle G. SATRAP: SOLiD Assembler TRAnslation Program. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137436. [PMID: 26368549 PMCID: PMC4569514 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
SOLiD DNA sequences are typically analyzed using a reference genome, while they are not recommended for de novo assembly of genomes or transcriptomes. This is mainly due to the difficulty in translating the SOLiD color-space data into normal base-space sequences. In fact, the nature of color-space is such that any misinterpreted color leads to a chain of further translation errors, producing totally wrong results. Here we describe SATRAP, a computer program designed to efficiently translate de novo assembled color-space sequences into a base-space format. The program was tested and validated using simulated and real transcriptomic data; its modularity allows an easy integration into more complex pipelines, such as Oases for RNA-seq de novo assembly. SATRAP is available at http://satrap.cribi.unipd.it, either as a multi-step pipeline incorporating several tools for RNA-seq assembly or as an individual module for use with the Oases package.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Campagna
- CRIBI Biotechnology Centre, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
- Department of Biology, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Nicola Franchi
- Department of Biology, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Lucia Manni
- Department of Biology, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Telatin
- CRIBI Biotechnology Centre, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Nicola Vitulo
- Department of Biology, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Giorgio Valle
- CRIBI Biotechnology Centre, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
- Department of Biology, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
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Abstract
The respiratory system is a primary target of the harmful effects of key air pollutants of health concern. Several air pollutants have been implicated including particulate matter (PM), ozone (O3), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). It is well known that episodes of exposure to high concentrations of outdoor air pollutants can cause acute respiratory exacerbations. However, there is now increasing evidence suggesting that significant exposure to outdoor air pollutants may be also associated with development of lung cancer and with incident cases of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and respiratory allergies. Here we provide a critical appraisal of the impact of air pollution on respiratory diseases and discuss strategies for preventing excessive exposure to harmful air pollutants. However, the evidence that significant exposure to air pollutants is causing COPD, lung cancer or respiratory allergies is not conclusive and therefore regulators must be aware that execution of clean air policies may not be that cost-effective and may lead to unintended consequences. Addressing the lung health effects of air pollution must be considered work in progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Marino
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, and UOC di Medicina Interna e Immunologia Clinica, Università di Catania, Italy
| | - Massimo Caruso
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, and UOC di Medicina Interna e Immunologia Clinica, Università di Catania, Italy
| | - Davide Campagna
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, and UOC di Medicina Interna e Immunologia Clinica, Università di Catania, Italy
| | - Riccardo Polosa
- UOC di Medicina Interna e Immunologia Clinica, Policlinico Universitario, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95100, Catania, Italy
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Polosa R, Campagna D, Caponnetto P. What to advise to respiratory patients intending to use electronic cigarettes. Discov Med 2015; 20:155-161. [PMID: 26463097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Electronic cigarettes (ECs) are being increasingly used as an attractive long-term alternative nicotine source to conventional tobacco cigarettes. This substitution is likely to improve health in regular EC users, and more and more respiratory patients using or intending to use ECs will be seeking professional medical advice. Unfortunately, the public's view of ECs is far from being clear with a great deal of ambiguity around the product and its intended use. Moreover, health-care professionals themselves do not seem to use an evidence-based approach when it comes to informing respiratory patients about ECs and many advise against their use. Evidence-based advice about ECs is provided here with the goal of improving counseling between physicians and their respiratory patients using or intending to use ECs. Regular EC use is unlikely to raise significant health concerns and can lead to health improvement in the respiratory patient who makes the switch from tobacco smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Polosa
- Centro per la Prevenzione e Cura del Tabagismo (CPCT), Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Catania, Italy; Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università di Catania, Catania, Italy; UOC di Medicina Interna e d'Urgenza, Edificio 4, Piano 3, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Catania, Italy
| | - Davide Campagna
- Centro per la Prevenzione e Cura del Tabagismo (CPCT), Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Catania, Italy; Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università di Catania, Catania, Italy; UOC di Medicina Interna e d'Urgenza, Edificio 4, Piano 3, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Catania, Italy
| | - Pasquale Caponnetto
- Centro per la Prevenzione e Cura del Tabagismo (CPCT), Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Catania, Italy; Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
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Romeo V, Farina M, Petrangeli S, Campagna D, Vitelli CE. Adenocarcinomas of appendix: a rare tumor. Two case reports. Clin Ter 2014; 165:309-12. [PMID: 25524188 DOI: 10.7417/ct.2014.1775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Primary Adenocarcinomas of the appendix are rare tumor. Most commonly diagnosis was made after surgical pocedure of appendicectomy for suspect acute appendicitis and the pathology report confirms appendiceal neoplasm. Laboratory exams and imaging show low sensibility and specificity for preoperative diagnosis. We report two cases of primary mucinous adenocarcinoma in caucasian men misdiagnosed as having acute appendicitis. Appendicectomy was done and excised appendix was sent for histopathological examination. Mucinous Adenocarcinoma of the appendix was confirmed after histopathological examination. Right hemicolectomy, peritonectomy and Intraoperative Hyperthermic Chemotherapy were done as a second stage procedure. The surgical treatment of these neoplasms depends from the histological stage and local presentation. Cytoreductive surgery associated with Intraoperative Hyperthermic Chemotherapy show best results in advanced cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Romeo
- UOC Chirurgia I. Azienda Ospedaliera San Giovanni-Addolorata, Rome, Italy
| | - M Farina
- UOC Chirurgia I. Azienda Ospedaliera San Giovanni-Addolorata, Rome, Italy
| | - S Petrangeli
- UOC Chirurgia I. Azienda Ospedaliera San Giovanni-Addolorata, Rome, Italy
| | - D Campagna
- UOC Anatomia Patologica. Azienda Ospedaliera San Giovanni-Addolorata, Rome, Italy
| | - C E Vitelli
- UOC Chirurgia I. Azienda Ospedaliera San Giovanni-Addolorata, Rome, Italy
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Polosa R, Morjaria JB, Caponnetto P, Campagna D, Russo C, Alamo A, Amaradio M, Fisichella A. Effectiveness and tolerability of electronic cigarette in real-life: a 24-month prospective observational study. Intern Emerg Med 2014; 9:537-46. [PMID: 23873169 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-013-0977-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Electronic cigarettes (e-Cigarette) are battery-operated devices designed to vaporise nicotine that may aid smokers to quit or reduce their cigarette consumption. Research on e-Cigarettes is urgently needed to ensure that the decisions of regulators, healthcare providers and consumers are evidence based. Here we assessed long-term effectiveness and tolerability of e-Cigarette used in a 'naturalistic' setting. This prospective observational study evaluated smoking reduction/abstinence in smokers not intending to quit using an e-Cigarette ('Categoria'; Arbi Group, Italy). After an intervention phase of 6 months, during which e-Cigarette use was provided on a regular basis, cigarettes per day (cig/day) and exhaled carbon monoxide (eCO) levels were followed up in an observation phase at 18 and 24 months. Efficacy measures included: (a) ≥50% reduction in the number of cig/day from baseline, defined as self-reported reduction in the number of cig/day (≥50%) compared to baseline; (b) ≥80% reduction in the number of cig/day from baseline, defined as self-reported reduction in the number of cig/day (≥80%) compared to baseline; (c) abstinence from smoking, defined as complete self-reported abstinence from tobacco smoking (together with an eCO concentration of ≤10 ppm). Smoking reduction and abstinence rates were computed, and adverse events reviewed. Of the 40 subjects, 17 were lost to follow-up at 24 months. A >50% reduction in the number of cig/day at 24 months was shown in 11/40 (27.5%) participants with a median of 24 cig/day use at baseline decreasing significantly to 4 cig/day (p = 0.003). Smoking abstinence was reported in 5/40 (12.5%) participants while combined >50% reduction and smoking abstinence was observed in 16/40 (40%) participants at 24 months. Five subjects stopped e-Cigarette use (and stayed quit), three relapsed back to tobacco smoking and four upgraded to more performing products by 24 months. Only some mouth irritation, throat irritation, and dry cough were reported. Withdrawal symptoms were uncommon. Long-term e-Cigarette use can substantially decrease cigarette consumption in smokers not willing to quit and is well tolerated. ( http://ClinicalTrials.govnumberNCT01195597 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Polosa
- Centro per la Prevenzione e Cura del Tabagismo (CPCT), Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Università di Catania, Catania, Italy,
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Gasparini F, Manni L, Cima F, Zaniolo G, Burighel P, Caicci F, Franchi N, Schiavon F, Rigon F, Campagna D, Ballarin L. Sexual and asexual reproduction in the colonial ascidian Botryllus schlosseri. Genesis 2014; 53:105-20. [PMID: 25044771 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.22802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Revised: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The colonial tunicate Botryllus schlosseri is a widespread filter-feeding ascidian that lives in shallow waters and is easily reared in aquaria. Its peculiar blastogenetic cycle, characterized by the presence of three blastogenetic generations (filtering adults, buds, and budlets) and by recurrent generation changes, has resulted in over 60 years of studies aimed at understanding how sexual and asexual reproduction are coordinated and regulated in the colony. The possibility of using different methodological approaches, from classical genetics to cell transplantation, contributed to the development of this species as a valuable model organism for the study of a variety of biological processes. Here, we review the main studies detailing rearing, staging methods, reproduction and colony growth of this species, emphasizing the asymmetry in sexual and asexual reproduction potential, sexual reproduction in the field and the laboratory, and self- and cross-fertilization. These data, opportunely matched with recent tanscriptomic and genomic outcomes, can give a valuable help to the elucidation of some important steps in chordate evolution.
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Vitulo N, Forcato C, Carpinelli EC, Telatin A, Campagna D, D'Angelo M, Zimbello R, Corso M, Vannozzi A, Bonghi C, Lucchin M, Valle G. A deep survey of alternative splicing in grape reveals changes in the splicing machinery related to tissue, stress condition and genotype. BMC Plant Biol 2014; 14:99. [PMID: 24739459 PMCID: PMC4108029 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-14-99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alternative splicing (AS) significantly enhances transcriptome complexity. It is differentially regulated in a wide variety of cell types and plays a role in several cellular processes. Here we describe a detailed survey of alternative splicing in grape based on 124 SOLiD RNAseq analyses from different tissues, stress conditions and genotypes. RESULTS We used the RNAseq data to update the existing grape gene prediction with 2,258 new coding genes and 3,336 putative long non-coding RNAs. Several gene structures have been improved and alternative splicing was described for about 30% of the genes. A link between AS and miRNAs was shown in 139 genes where we found that AS affects the miRNA target site. A quantitative analysis of the isoforms indicated that most of the spliced genes have one major isoform and tend to simultaneously co-express a low number of isoforms, typically two, with intron retention being the most frequent alternative splicing event. CONCLUSIONS As described in Arabidopsis, also grape displays a marked AS tissue-specificity, while stress conditions produce splicing changes to a minor extent. Surprisingly, some distinctive splicing features were also observed between genotypes. This was further supported by the observation that the panel of Serine/Arginine-rich splicing factors show a few, but very marked differences between genotypes. The finding that a part the splicing machinery can change in closely related organisms can lead to some interesting hypotheses for evolutionary adaptation, that could be particularly relevant in the response to sudden and strong selective pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Vitulo
- CRIBI Biotechnology Centre, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Claudio Forcato
- CRIBI Biotechnology Centre, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Telatin
- CRIBI Biotechnology Centre, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Massimiliano Corso
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment, DAFNAE, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vannozzi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment, DAFNAE, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Claudio Bonghi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment, DAFNAE, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Margherita Lucchin
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment, DAFNAE, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- CIRVE, Centre for Research in Viticulture and Enology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Giorgio Valle
- CRIBI Biotechnology Centre, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Polosa
- Teaching Hospital 'Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele', Centro per la Prevenzione e Cura del Tabagismo (CPCT), Catania, Italy Teaching Hospital 'Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele', Institute of Internal and Emergency Medicine, Catania, Italy
| | - Davide Campagna
- Teaching Hospital 'Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele', Centro per la Prevenzione e Cura del Tabagismo (CPCT), Catania, Italy Teaching Hospital 'Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele', Institute of Internal and Emergency Medicine, Catania, Italy
| | - Donald Tashkin
- UCLA University of California, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Capomaccio S, Vitulo N, Verini-Supplizi A, Barcaccia G, Albiero A, D'Angelo M, Campagna D, Valle G, Felicetti M, Silvestrelli M, Cappelli K. RNA sequencing of the exercise transcriptome in equine athletes. PLoS One 2013; 8:e83504. [PMID: 24391776 PMCID: PMC3877044 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The horse is an optimal model organism for studying the genomic response to exercise-induced stress, due to its natural aptitude for athletic performance and the relative homogeneity of its genetic and environmental backgrounds. Here, we applied RNA-sequencing analysis through the use of SOLiD technology in an experimental framework centered on exercise-induced stress during endurance races in equine athletes. We monitored the transcriptional landscape by comparing gene expression levels between animals at rest and after competition. Overall, we observed a shift from coding to non-coding regions, suggesting that the stress response involves the differential expression of not annotated regions. Notably, we observed significant post-race increases of reads that correspond to repeats, especially the intergenic and intronic L1 and L2 transposable elements. We also observed increased expression of the antisense strands compared to the sense strands in intronic and regulatory regions (1 kb up- and downstream) of the genes, suggesting that antisense transcription could be one of the main mechanisms for transposon regulation in the horse under stress conditions. We identified a large number of transcripts corresponding to intergenic and intronic regions putatively associated with new transcriptional elements. Gene expression and pathway analysis allowed us to identify several biological processes and molecular functions that may be involved with exercise-induced stress. Ontology clustering reflected mechanisms that are already known to be stress activated (e.g., chemokine-type cytokines, Toll-like receptors, and kinases), as well as "nucleic acid binding" and "signal transduction activity" functions. There was also a general and transient decrease in the global rates of protein synthesis, which would be expected after strenuous global stress. In sum, our network analysis points toward the involvement of specific gene clusters in equine exercise-induced stress, including those involved in inflammation, cell signaling, and immune interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Capomaccio
- Department of Pathology, Diagnostic and Veterinary Clinic - Sport Horse Research Centre, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Nicola Vitulo
- CRIBI, University of Padua, Complesso Vallisneri, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Verini-Supplizi
- Department of Pathology, Diagnostic and Veterinary Clinic - Sport Horse Research Centre, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Gianni Barcaccia
- Laboratory of Genetic and Genomics, DAFNAE - University of Padova, Campus of Agripolis, Legnaro, Italy
| | | | | | - Davide Campagna
- CRIBI, University of Padua, Complesso Vallisneri, Padova, Italy
| | - Giorgio Valle
- CRIBI, University of Padua, Complesso Vallisneri, Padova, Italy
| | - Michela Felicetti
- Department of Pathology, Diagnostic and Veterinary Clinic - Sport Horse Research Centre, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Silvestrelli
- Department of Pathology, Diagnostic and Veterinary Clinic - Sport Horse Research Centre, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Katia Cappelli
- Department of Pathology, Diagnostic and Veterinary Clinic - Sport Horse Research Centre, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Abstract
Commonly abused drug are cocaine, marijuana, cigarettes, heroin, and alcohol. The review emphasizes the importance for clinicians to be alert to the possibility of this substance as a precipitating factor for acute asthma. Substance use disorders to characterize illnesses associated with drug use. The use of drugs of abuse increases risk of developing more severe symptoms, higher frequency of exacerbations and having and significant effect on care resources due to clinicians visits and frequent hospital admissions. Abused drug has been shown to accelerate the decline in lung function and to increase numbers of life-threatening asthma attacks, and greater asthma mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Caponnetto
- Smoking Prevention/Cessation Centre, A.O.U, Policlinico-V. Emanuele, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
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