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Gao J, Lee CD, Ozbay K, Zuo F, Chippendale TL. Understanding the travel challenges and gaps for older adults during the COVID-19 outbreak: Insights from the New York City area. Transp Res Interdiscip Perspect 2023; 19:100815. [PMID: 37020705 PMCID: PMC10060205 DOI: 10.1016/j.trip.2023.100815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has greatly impacted lifestyles and travel patterns, revealing existing societal and transportation gaps and introducing new challenges. In the context of an aging population, this study investigated how the travel behaviors of older adults (aged 60+) in New York City were affected by COVID-19, using an online survey and analyzing younger adult (aged 18-59) data for comparative analysis. The purpose of the study is to understand the pandemic's effects on older adults' travel purpose and frequency, challenges faced during essential trips, and to identify potential policies to enhance their mobility during future crises. Descriptive analysis and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used to summarize the changes in employment status, trip purposes, transportation mode usage, and attitude regarding transportation systems before and during the outbreak and after the travel restrictions were lifted. A Natural Language Processing model, Gibbs Sampling Dirichlet Multinomial Mixture, was adopted to open-ended questions due to its advantage in extracting information from short text. The findings show differences between older and younger adults in telework and increased essential-purpose trips (e.g., medical visits) for older adults. The pandemic increased older adults' concern about health, safety, comfort, prices when choosing travel mode, leading to reduced transit use and walking, increased driving, and limited bike use. To reduce travel burdens and maintain older adults' employment, targeted programs improving digital skills (telework, telehealth, telemedicine) are recommended. Additionally, safe, affordable, and accessible transportation alternatives are necessary to ensure mobility and essential trips for older adults, along with facilitation of walkable communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqin Gao
- C2SMART Center, Department of Civil and Urban Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, 6 MetroTech Center, 4th Floor, RM456, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
| | - Change Dae Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Science and Technology, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, 6425 Penn Avenue, Suite 400, Pittsburgh, PA 15206, USA
| | - Kaan Ozbay
- C2SMART Center, Department of Civil and Urban Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, 6 MetroTech Center, 4th Floor, RM456, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
| | - Fan Zuo
- C2SMART Center, Department of Civil and Urban Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, 6 MetroTech Center, 4th Floor, RM456, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
| | - Tracy L Chippendale
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development, 82 Washington Square E, 6th Floor, New York, NY 10003, USA
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Ye Q, Ozbay K, Zuo F, Chen X. Impact of Social Media on Travel Behaviors during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from New York City. Transp Res Rec 2023; 2677:219-238. [PMID: 37153201 PMCID: PMC10149522 DOI: 10.1177/03611981211033857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
During the outbreak of COVID-19, people's reliance on social media for pandemic-related information exchange, daily communications, and online professional interactions increased because of self-isolation and lockdown implementation. Most of the published research addresses the performance of nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) and measures on the issues impacted by COVID-19, such as health, education, and public safety; however, not much is known about the interplay between social media use and travel behaviors. This study aims to determine the effect of social media on human mobility before and after the COVID-19 outbreak, and its impact on personal vehicle and public transit use in New York City (NYC). Apple mobility trends and Twitter data are used as two data sources. The results indicate that Twitter volume and mobility trend correlations are negative for both driving and transit categories in general, especially at the beginning of the COVID-19 outbreak in NYC. A significant time lag (13 days) between the online communication rise and mobility drop can be observed, thereby providing evidence of social networks taking quicker reactions to the pandemic than the transportation system. In addition, social media and government policies had different impacts on vehicular traffic and public transit ridership during the pandemic with varied performance. This study provides insights on the complex influence of both anti-pandemic measures and user-generated content, namely social media, on people's travel decisions during pandemics. The empirical evidence can help decision-makers formulate timely emergency responses, prepare targeted traffic intervention policies, and conduct risk management in similar outbreaks in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Ye
- Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic
Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Transportation Engineering,
Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Transport Planning and Research
Institute of Ministry of Transport P.R. China, Beijing, China
| | - Kaan Ozbay
- C2SMART Center, Department of Civil and
Urban Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn,
NY
- Center for Urban Science and Progress
(CUSP), Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Fan Zuo
- C2SMART Center, Department of Civil and
Urban Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn,
NY
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic
Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Transportation Engineering,
Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Sha D, Gao J, Yang D, Zuo F, Ozbay K. Calibrating stochastic traffic simulation models for safety and operational measures based on vehicle conflict distributions obtained from aerial and traffic camera videos. Accid Anal Prev 2023; 179:106878. [PMID: 36334543 DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2022.106878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Proper calibration process is of considerable importance for traffic safety evaluations using simulation models. Allowing for a pure with and without comparison under identical circumstances that is not directly testable in the field, microsimulation-based approach has drawn considerable attention for the performance evaluation of emerging technologies, such as connected vehicle (CV) safety applications. Different from the traditional approaches to evaluate mobility impacts, safety evaluations of such applications demand the simulation models to be well calibrated to match real-world safety conditions. This paper proposes a novel calibration framework which combines traffic conflict techniques and multi-objective stochastic optimization so that the operational and safety measures can be calibrated simultaneously. The conflict distribution of different severity levels categorized by time-to-collision (TTC) is applied as the safety performance measure. Simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation (SPSA) algorithm, which can efficiently approximate the gradient of the multi-objective stochastic loss function, is used for model parameters optimization that minimizes the total simulation error of both operational and safety performance measures. The proposed calibration methodology is implemented using an open-source software SUMO on a simulation network of the Flatbush Avenue corridor in Brooklyn, NY. 17 key parameters are calibrated using the SPSA algorithm and are compared with the real-world traffic conflicts extracted using vehicle trajectories from 14 h' high-resolution aerial and traffic surveillance videos. Representative days are identified to create variation envelopes for performance measures. Four acceptability criteria, including control for time-variant outliers and inliers, bounded dynamic absolute and system errors are adopted for results analysis. The results show that the calibrated parameters can significantly improve the performance of the simulation model to represent real-world safety conditions (i.e., traffic conflicts) as well as operational conditions. The case study also demonstrates the usefulness of aerial imagery and the applicability of the proposed model calibration framework, so the calibrated model can be used to evaluate the safety benefits of CV applications more accurately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Sha
- Department of Civil and Urban Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, 6 MetroTech Center, 4th Floor, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
| | - Jingqin Gao
- Department of Civil and Urban Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, 6 MetroTech Center, 4th Floor, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
| | - Di Yang
- Department of Transportation and Urban Infrastructure Studies, Clarence M. Mitchell, Jr. School of Engineering, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Fan Zuo
- Department of Civil and Urban Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, 6 MetroTech Center, 4th Floor, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
| | - Kaan Ozbay
- Department of Civil and Urban Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, 6 MetroTech Center, 4th Floor, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
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Guan Y, Zuo F, Zhao J, Nian X, Shi L, Xu Y, Huang J, Kazumi T, Wu B. Relationships of adiponectin to regional adiposity, insulin sensitivity, serum lipids, and inflammatory markers in sedentary and endurance-trained Japanese young women. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1097034. [PMID: 36761190 PMCID: PMC9902352 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1097034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aims to compare the differences in circulating adiponectin levels and their relationships to regional adiposity, insulin resistance, serum lipid, and inflammatory factors in young, healthy Japanese women with different physical activity statuses. METHODS Adipokines (adiponectin and leptin), full serum lipid, and inflammatory factors [white blood cell counts, C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-α, tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1)] were measured in 101 sedentary and 100 endurance-trained healthy Japanese women (aged 18-23 years). Insulin sensitivity was obtained through a quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (QUICKI). Regional adiposity [trunk fat mass (TFM), lower-body fat mass (LFM), and arm fat mass (AFM)] was evaluated using the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry method. RESULTS No significant difference was observed between the sedentary and trained women in terms of adiponectin levels. The LFM-to-TFM ratio and the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were the strong positive determinants for adiponectin in both groups. Triglyceride in the sedentary women was closely and negatively associated with adiponectin, as well as PAI-1 in the trained women. The QUICKI level was higher in the trained than sedentary women. However, no significant correlation between adiponectin and insulin sensitivity was detected in both groups. Furthermore, LFM was associated with a favorable lipid profile against cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in the whole study cohort, but this association became insignificant when adiponectin was taken into account. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that adiponectin is primarily associated with regional adiposity and HDL-C regardless of insulin sensitivity and physical activity status in young, healthy women. The associations among adiponectin, lipid, and inflammatory factors are likely different in women with different physical activity statuses. The correlation of LFM and a favorable lipid profile against CVD and adiponectin is likely involved in this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Guan
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Medical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Fan Zuo
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Medical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Medical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xin Nian
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Medical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Li Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Medical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yushan Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Medical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jingshan Huang
- School of Computing, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, United States
| | - Tsutomu Kazumi
- Open Research Center for Studying of Lifestyle-Related Diseases, Mukogawa Women’s University, Nishinomiya, Japan
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, School of Human Environmental Science, Mukogawa Women’s University, Nishinomiya, Japan
- Research Institute for Nutrition Sciences, Mukogawa Women’s University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Medical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Open Research Center for Studying of Lifestyle-Related Diseases, Mukogawa Women’s University, Nishinomiya, Japan
- *Correspondence: Bin Wu,
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Qiang Y, Yao N, Zuo F, Qiu S, Cao X, Zheng W. Tumor Organoid Model and Its Pharmacological Applications in Tumorigenesis Prevention. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2023; 16:435-447. [PMID: 35927815 DOI: 10.2174/1874467215666220803125822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death and a severe threat to global public health. Organoid, as a novel 3D in vitro model, has been applied in various tumor related studies due to its apparent advantages. The organoid is mainly constructed by Matrigel-depended 3D culture system, Air-Liquid Interface (ALI) culture, and Microfluidic culture or Organ-on-chips platform. For the application in carcinogenesis studies, the organoid model may favor depicting initiative hallmarks and identifying potential intervening targets, investigating driver genes of carcinogenesis, and identifying known or unknown risk or protective factors. In this review, we discussed different organoid construction methods and their properties. We also noted that tumor organoids can portray initiative hallmarks and identify possible intervening targets, as well as explore carcinogenesis driver genes and uncover known or unknown risks or protective factors. Organoid systems have been used to identify tumor-preventive drugs such as oligomeric proanthocyanidins, Vitamin D, n-3 PUFAs, and pomegranate. The current evidence underscores the organoid model's potential importance in developing innovative tumorprevention techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Qiang
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ninghua Yao
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fan Zuo
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shi Qiu
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaolei Cao
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenjie Zheng
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
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Saposnik G, Andhavarapu S, Fernández Ó, Kim HJ, Wiendl H, Foss M, Zuo F, Havrdová EK, Celius E, Caceres F, Magyari M, Bermel R, Costa A, Terzaghi M, Kalincik T, Popescu V, Amato MP, Montalban X, Oh J. Factors associated with treatment escalation among MS specialists and general neurologists: Results from an International cojoint study. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2022; 58:103404. [PMID: 35216786 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2021.103404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies in multiple sclerosis (MS) showed that therapeutic inertia (TI) affects 60-90% of neurologists and up to 25% of daily treatment decisions. The objective of this study was to determine the most common factors and attribute levels associated with decisions to treatment escalation in an international study in MS care. METHODS 300 neurologists with MS expertise from 20 countries were invited to participate. Participants were presented with 12 pairs of simulated MS patient profiles described by 13 clinically relevant factors. We used disaggregated discrete choice experiments to estimate the weight of factors and attributes affecting physicians' decisions when considering treatment selection. Participants were asked to select the ideal candidate for treatment escalation from modest to higher-efficacy therapies. RESULTS Overall, 229 neurologists completed the study (completion rate: 76.3%). The top 3 weighted factors associated with treatment escalation were: previous relapses (20%), baseline expanded disability status scale [EDSS] (18%), and MRI activity (13%). Patient demographics and desire for pregnancy had a modest influence (≤ 3%). We observed differences in the weight of factors associated with treatment escalation between MS specialists and non-MS specialists. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide critical information on factors influencing neurologists' treatment decisions and should be applied to continuing medical education strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Saposnik
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, 55 Queen St E, Toronto, Ontario M5C 1R6, Canada; Director and Founder, NeuroEconSolutions© (www.neuroeconsolutions.com), Toronto, Canada; Clinical Outcomes and Decision Neuroscience Unit, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada.
| | - S Andhavarapu
- Clinical Outcomes and Decision Neuroscience Unit, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ó Fernández
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaga, Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga, Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Spain
| | - H J Kim
- Department of Neurology, Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - H Wiendl
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Germany
| | - M Foss
- Bootstrap Analytics, Calgary, Canada
| | - F Zuo
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - E K Havrdová
- Department of Neurology, First Medical Faculty, Center for Clinical Neuroscience, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - E Celius
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - F Caceres
- Institute of Restorative Neurosciences, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Magyari
- Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - R Bermel
- Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - A Costa
- Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine University of Porto, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João, Portugal
| | - M Terzaghi
- Clinical Outcomes and Decision Neuroscience Unit, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - T Kalincik
- Department of Medicine, MS Centre, Royal Melbourne Hospital Core Unit, University of Melbourne, Melborne, Australia
| | - V Popescu
- University MS Centre, Noorderhart Hospital, Pelt, Belgium; Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - M P Amato
- Department of Neurofarba, IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - X Montalban
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Vall d´Hebron, Centre d'Esclerosi Mútiple de Catalunya, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Oh
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, 55 Queen St E, Toronto, Ontario M5C 1R6, Canada; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada
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Chen W, Zuo F, Zhang K, Xia T, Lei W, Zhang Z, Bao L, You Y. Exosomal MIF Derived From Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Promotes Metastasis by Repressing Ferroptosis of Macrophages. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:791187. [PMID: 35036405 PMCID: PMC8758577 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.791187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is the most common malignant tumor of the head and neck cancer (HNC). Metastasis is the main cause of treatment failure. However, the molecular mechanism for NPC metastasis is still unclear. As one of the most common host immune cells in the tumor microenvironment, macrophages have been proven to regulate metastasis. Besides, exosomes are the important bridge connecting various cells in TME. Currently, the role of NPC-exos on macrophages and their impact on metastasis remains to be unexplored. In this study, we found that MIF was highly expressed in NPC cells, and the exosomes secreted by NPC cells could be taken up by macrophages, thereby, inhibiting the ferroptosis of macrophages and then promoting the metastasis of NPC. Targeting MIF may be a potential treatment to reduce the rate of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Fan Zuo
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Kaiwen Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Tian Xia
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wei Lei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Zixiang Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lili Bao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yiwen You
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Bai C, Wang Y, Niu Z, Guan Y, Huang J, Nian X, Zuo F, Zhao J, Kazumi T, Wu B. Exenatide improves hepatocyte insulin resistance induced by different regional adipose tissue. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1012904. [PMID: 36246878 PMCID: PMC9558273 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1012904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is resulted from energy surplus and is characterized by abnormal adipose tissue accumulation and/or distribution. Adipokines secreted by different regional adipose tissue can induce changes in key proteins of the insulin signaling pathway in hepatocytes and result in impaired hepatic glucose metabolism. This study aimed to investigate whether exenatide affects key proteins of IRS2/PI3K/Akt2 signaling pathway in hepatocytes altered by the different regional fat depots. Six non-obese patients without endocrine diseases were selected as the research subjects. Their subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT)were co-cultured with HepG2 cells in the transwell chamber. In the presence or absence of exenatide, adipokines content in the supernatant of each experimental group was detected by ELISA. In addition, HepG2 cells in each co-culture group with and without insulin were collected, and the expression of key proteins IRS2, p-IRS2(S731), PI3K-p85, Akt2, and p-Akt2(S473) was detected by western blotting (WB). The results showed that the adipokines IL-8, MCP-1, VEGF, and sTNFR2 in the supernatant of HepG2 cells induced by different regional adipose tissue were significantly higher than those in the HepG2 group, and VAT released more adipokines than SAT. Furthermore, these adipokines were significantly inhibited by exenatide. Importantly, the different regional fat depot affects the IRS2/PI3K/Akt2 insulin signaling pathway of hepatocytes. Exenatide can up-regulate the expression of hepatocyte proteins IRS2, PI3K-p85, p-Akt2(S731) inhibited by adipose tissue, and down-regulate the expression of hepatocyte proteins p-IRS2(S731) promoted by adipose tissue. The effect of VAT on the expression of these key proteins in hepatocytes is more significant than that of SAT. But there was no statistical difference in the expression of Akt2 protein among each experimental group, suggesting that exenatide has no influence on the expression of Akt2 protein in hepatocytes. In conclusion, exenatide may improve hepatic insulin resistance (IR) by inhibiting adipokines and regulating the expression of key proteins in the IRS2/PI3K/Akt2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanmin Bai
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yujun Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhi Niu
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yaxin Guan
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jingshan Huang
- School of Computing, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, United States
| | - Xin Nian
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Fan Zuo
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Tsutomu Kazumi
- Open Research Center for Studying of Lifestyle−Related Diseases, Mukogawa Women’s University, Nishinomiya, Japan
- Research Institute for Nutrition Sciences, Mukogawa Women’s University, Nishinomiya, Japan
- Department of Medicine, Kohnan Kakogawa Hospital, Kakogawa, Japan
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Bin Wu,
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Yang D, Ozbay K, Xie K, Yang H, Zuo F. A functional approach for characterizing safety risk of signalized intersections at the movement level: An exploratory analysis. Accid Anal Prev 2021; 163:106446. [PMID: 34666264 DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2021.106446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Safety evaluation of signalized intersections is often conducted by developing statistical and data-driven methods based on data aggregated at certain temporal and spatial levels (e.g., yearly, hourly, or per signal cycle; intersection or approach leg). However, such aggregations are subject to a major simplification that masks the underlying spatio-temporal safety risk patterns within the data aggregation levels. Consequently, high-resolution analysis such as safety risk within signal cycles and at traffic movement level cannot be performed. This study contributes to the literature by proposing a new functional data analysis (FDA) approach for a novel characterization of safety risk patterns of signalized intersections. Functional data smoothing methods that can mitigate overfitting and account for the nonnegative characteristics of safety risk are proposed to model the time series of safety risk within signal cycles at the traffic movement level. Functional analysis of variance method (FANOVA) that can compare the group level differences of functional curves is used to test differences of safety risk functions among different traffic movements. A typical signalized intersection with representative signal types and channelizations is selected as the study location and approximately 1-hour traffic video data recorded by an unmanned aerial vehicle are used to extract traffic conflicts. New movement-level safety risk patterns are characterized based on the safety risk functions that can reveal the temporal distribution of risk within signal cycles. Most of the tested traffic movements have significantly distinct functional risk patterns according to the FANOVA results while risk patterns for most of the traffic movements cannot be differentiated based on the data aggregated at the cycle and approach levels. The proposed functional approach has the potential to be used for facilitating proactive safety management, calibrating microsimulation models for safety evaluation, and optimizing signal timing while considering traffic safety at more disaggregated levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Yang
- Department of Civil and Urban Engineering, New York University, 6 MetroTech Center 4th Floor, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA.
| | - Kaan Ozbay
- Department of Civil and Urban Engineering, New York University, 6 MetroTech Center 4th Floor, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA.
| | - Kun Xie
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Old Dominion University (ODU), 129C Kaufman Hall, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA.
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Computational Modeling and Simulation Engineering, Old Dominion University, 4700 Elkhorn Ave, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA.
| | - Fan Zuo
- Department of Civil and Urban Engineering, New York University, 6 MetroTech Center 4th Floor, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA.
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10
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Lofters AK, O'Brien MA, Sutradhar R, Pinto AD, Baxter NN, Donnelly P, Elliott R, Glazier RH, Huizinga J, Kyle R, Manca D, Pietrusiak MA, Rabeneck L, Riordan B, Selby P, Sivayoganathan K, Snider C, Sopcak N, Thorpe K, Tinmouth J, Wall B, Zuo F, Grunfeld E, Paszat L. Correction to: Building on existing tools to improve chronic disease prevention and screening in public health: a cluster randomized trial. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1714. [PMID: 34548061 PMCID: PMC8456665 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11700-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A K Lofters
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. .,Women's College Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, Canada. .,Peter Gilgan Centre for Women's Cancers, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Canada. .,Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario), Toronto, Canada. .,ICES, Toronto, Canada.
| | - M A O'Brien
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - R Sutradhar
- ICES, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A D Pinto
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Family and Community Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - N N Baxter
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Melbourne School of Global and Population Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - P Donnelly
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,University of St. Andrews, Scotland, UK
| | - R Elliott
- Durham Region Health Department, Whitby, Canada
| | - R H Glazier
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,ICES, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - J Huizinga
- Durham Region Health Department, Whitby, Canada
| | - R Kyle
- Durham Region Health Department, Whitby, Canada
| | - D Manca
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | | | - L Rabeneck
- Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario), Toronto, Canada
| | - B Riordan
- Durham Region Health Department, Whitby, Canada
| | - P Selby
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - K Sivayoganathan
- MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Durham Region Health Department, Whitby, Canada
| | - C Snider
- Durham Region Health Department, Whitby, Canada
| | - N Sopcak
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - K Thorpe
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Applied Health Research Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - J Tinmouth
- Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario), Toronto, Canada.,Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - B Wall
- Durham Region Health Department, Whitby, Canada
| | - F Zuo
- Applied Health Research Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - E Grunfeld
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Women's College Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, Canada.,ICES, Toronto, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Canada
| | - L Paszat
- ICES, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
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11
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Lofters AK, O'Brien MA, Sutradhar R, Pinto AD, Baxter NN, Donnelly P, Elliott R, Glazier RH, Huizinga J, Kyle R, Manca DM, Pietrusiak MA, Rabeneck L, Riordan B, Selby P, Sivayoganathan K, Snider C, Sopcak N, Thorpe K, Tinmouth J, Wall B, Zuo F, Grunfeld E, Paszat L. Building on existing tools to improve chronic disease prevention and screening in public health: a cluster randomized trial. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1496. [PMID: 34344340 PMCID: PMC8329623 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11452-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The BETTER (Building on Existing Tools to Improve Chronic Disease Prevention and Screening in Primary Care) intervention was designed to integrate the approach to chronic disease prevention and screening in primary care and demonstrated effective in a previous randomized trial. METHODS We tested the effectiveness of the BETTER HEALTH intervention, a public health adaptation of BETTER, at improving participation in chronic disease prevention and screening actions for residents of low-income neighbourhoods in a cluster randomized trial, with ten low-income neighbourhoods in Durham Region Ontario randomized to immediate intervention vs. wait-list. The unit of analysis was the individual, and eligible participants were adults age 40-64 years residing in the neighbourhoods. Public health nurses trained as "prevention practitioners" held one prevention-focused visit with each participant. They provided participants with a tailored prevention prescription and supported them to set health-related goals. The primary outcome was a composite index: the number of evidence-based actions achieved at six months as a proportion of those for which participants were eligible at baseline. RESULTS Of 126 participants (60 in immediate arm; 66 in wait-list arm), 125 were included in analyses (1 participant withdrew consent). In both arms, participants were eligible for a mean of 8.6 actions at baseline. At follow-up, participants in the immediate intervention arm met 64.5% of actions for which they were eligible versus 42.1% in the wait-list arm (rate ratio 1.53 [95% confidence interval 1.22-1.84]). CONCLUSION Public health nurses using the BETTER HEALTH intervention led to a higher proportion of identified evidence-based prevention and screening actions achieved at six months for people living with socioeconomic disadvantage. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT03052959 , registered February 10, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Lofters
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. .,Women's College Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, Canada. .,Peter Gilgan Centre for Women's Cancers, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Canada. .,Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario), Toronto, Canada. .,ICES, Toronto, Canada. .,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada. .,Department of Family and Community Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.
| | - M A O'Brien
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - R Sutradhar
- ICES, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A D Pinto
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Family and Community Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - N N Baxter
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - R Elliott
- Durham Region Health Department, Whitby, Canada
| | - R H Glazier
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,ICES, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Family and Community Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Melbourne School of Global and Population Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J Huizinga
- Durham Region Health Department, Whitby, Canada
| | - R Kyle
- Durham Region Health Department, Whitby, Canada
| | - D M Manca
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | | | - L Rabeneck
- Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario), Toronto, Canada
| | - B Riordan
- Durham Region Health Department, Whitby, Canada
| | - P Selby
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - K Sivayoganathan
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Durham Region Health Department, Whitby, Canada
| | - C Snider
- Durham Region Health Department, Whitby, Canada
| | - N Sopcak
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - K Thorpe
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Applied Health Research Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - J Tinmouth
- Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario), Toronto, Canada.,Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - B Wall
- Durham Region Health Department, Whitby, Canada
| | - F Zuo
- Applied Health Research Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - E Grunfeld
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Women's College Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, Canada.,ICES, Toronto, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Canada
| | - L Paszat
- ICES, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
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12
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Zhang XX, Wang YM, Su YD, Zuo F, Wu B, Nian X. Correction to: MiR-26a regulated adipogenic differentiation of ADSCs induced by insulin through CDK5/FOXC2 pathway. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:3217. [PMID: 34156588 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04212-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Xiang Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ming Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Dan Su
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Zuo
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Nian
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Guo H, Huang J, Zhou H, Zuo F, Jiang Y, Zhang KHL, Fu X, Bu Y, Cheng W, Sun Y. Unusual Role of Point Defects in Perovskite Nickelate Electrocatalysts. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:24887-24895. [PMID: 34002602 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c04903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Low-cost transition-metal oxide is regarded as a promising electrocatalyst family for an oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The classic design principle for an oxide electrocatalyst believes that point defect engineering, such as oxygen vacancies (VO..) or heteroatom doping, offers the opportunities to manipulate the electronic structure of material toward optimal OER activity. Oppositely, in this work, we discover a counterintuitive phenomenon that both VO.. and an aliovalent dopant (i.e., proton (H+)) in perovskite nickelate (i.e., NdNiO3 (NNO)) have a considerably detrimental effect on intrinsic OER performance. Detailed characterizations unveil that the introduction of these point defects leads to a decrease in the oxidative state of Ni and weakens Ni-O orbital hybridization, which triggers the local electron-electron correlation and a more insulating state. Evidenced by first-principles calculation using the density functional theory (DFT) method, the OER on nickelate electrocatalysts follows the lattice oxygen mechanism (LOM). The incorporation of point defect increases the energy barrier of transformation from OO*(VO) to OH*(VO) intermediates, which is regarded as the rate-determining step (RDS). This work offers a new and significant perspective of the role that lattice defects play in the OER process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongquan Guo
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Jijie Huang
- School of Materials, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, P. R. China
| | - Hua Zhou
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Fan Zuo
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Indiana State University, Terre Haute, Indiana 47809, United States
| | - Yifeng Jiang
- Runner (Xiamen) Corp., Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Kelvin H L Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Xianzhu Fu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Yunfei Bu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control (AEMPC), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST), Nanjing 210044, P. R. China
| | - Wei Cheng
- College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Materials Genome, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Yifei Sun
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
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14
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Zuo F, Gao J, Kurkcu A, Yang H, Ozbay K, Ma Q. Reference-free video-to-real distance approximation-based urban social distancing analytics amid COVID-19 pandemic. J Transp Health 2021; 21:101032. [PMID: 36567866 PMCID: PMC9765816 DOI: 10.1016/j.jth.2021.101032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The rapidly evolving COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically reshaped urban travel patterns. In this research, we explore the relationship between "social distancing," a concept that has gained worldwide familiarity, and urban mobility during the pandemic. Understanding social distancing behavior will allow urban planners and engineers to better understand the new norm of urban mobility amid the pandemic, and what patterns might hold for individual mobility post-pandemic or in the event of a future pandemic. METHODS There are still few efforts to obtain precise information on social distancing patterns of pedestrians in urban environments. This is largely attributed to numerous burdens in safely deploying any effective field data collection approaches during the crisis. This paper aims to fill that gap by developing a data-driven analytical framework that leverages existing public video data sources and advanced computer vision techniques to monitor the evolution of social distancing patterns in urban areas. Specifically, the proposed framework develops a deep-learning approach with a pre-trained convolutional neural network to mine the massive amount of public video data captured in urban areas. Real-time traffic camera data collected in New York City (NYC) was used as a case study to demonstrate the feasibility and validity of using the proposed approach to analyze pedestrian social distancing patterns. RESULTS The results show that microscopic pedestrian social distancing patterns can be quantified by using a generalized real-distance approximation method. The estimated distance between individuals can be compared to social distancing guidelines to evaluate policy compliance and effectiveness during a pandemic. Quantifying social distancing adherence will provide decision-makers with a better understanding of prevailing social contact challenges. It also provides insights into the development of response strategies and plans for phased reopening for similar future scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zuo
- C2SMART Center, Department of Civil and Urban Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, 6 MetroTech Center, 4th Floor, Brooklyn, NY, 11201, USA
| | - Jingqin Gao
- C2SMART Center, Department of Civil and Urban Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, 6 MetroTech Center, 4th Floor, Brooklyn, NY, 11201, USA
| | - Abdullah Kurkcu
- Ulteig, 5575 DTC Parkway, Suite 200, Greenwood Village, CO, 80111, USA
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Computational Modeling and Simulation Engineering, Old Dominion University, 1117 ENGR & COMP SCI BLDG, Norfolk, VA, 23529, USA
| | - Kaan Ozbay
- C2SMART Center, Department of Civil and Urban Engineering & Center for Urban Science and Progress (CUSP), Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, 6 MetroTech Center, 4th Floor, Brooklyn, NY, 11201, USA
| | - Qingyu Ma
- Department of Computational Modeling and Simulation Engineering, Old Dominion University, 1117 ENGR & COMP SCI BLDG, Norfolk, VA, 23529, USA
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15
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Bian Z, Zuo F, Gao J, Chen Y, Pavuluri Venkata SSC, Duran Bernardes S, Ozbay K, Ban XJ, Wang J. Time lag effects of COVID-19 policies on transportation systems: A comparative study of New York City and Seattle. Transp Res Part A Policy Pract 2021; 145:269-283. [PMID: 36569966 PMCID: PMC9759401 DOI: 10.1016/j.tra.2021.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The unprecedented challenges caused by the COVID-19 pandemic demand timely action. However, due to the complex nature of policy making, a lag may exist between the time a problem is recognized and the time a policy has its impact on a system. To understand this lag and to expedite decision making, this study proposes a change point detection framework using likelihood ratio, regression structure and a Bayesian change point detection method. The objective is to quantify the time lag effect reflected in transportation systems when authorities take action in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Using travel patterns as an indicator of policy effectiveness, the length of policy lag and magnitude of policy impacts on the road system, mass transit, and micromobility are investigated through the case studies of New York City (NYC), and Seattle-two U.S. cities significantly affected by COVID-19. The quantitative findings show that the National declaration of emergency had no policy lag while stay-at-home and reopening policies had a lead effect on mobility. The magnitude of impact largely depended on the land use and sociodemographic characteristics of the area, as well as the type of transportation system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilin Bian
- Department of Civil and Urban Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, 6 MetroTech Center, 4th Floor, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
| | - Fan Zuo
- Department of Civil and Urban Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, 6 MetroTech Center, 4th Floor, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
| | - Jingqin Gao
- Department of Civil and Urban Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, 6 MetroTech Center, 4th Floor, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
| | - Yanyan Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, 121G More Hall, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | | | - Suzana Duran Bernardes
- Department of Civil and Urban Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, 6 MetroTech Center, 4th Floor, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
| | - Kaan Ozbay
- Department of Civil and Urban Engineering & Center for Urban Science and Progress (CUSP), Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, 6 MetroTech Center, 4th Floor, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
| | - Xuegang Jeff Ban
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, 121G More Hall, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jingxing Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, 121G More Hall, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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16
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Chan V, Mazer C, Mesana T, De Varennes B, Gregory A, Bouchard D, Zuo F, Mohamad Ali F, Tsang W, Latter D, Juni P, Teoh H, Quan A, Leong-Poi H, Verma S. A randomized surgical trial of mitral valve repair with leaflet resection versus leaflet preservation on functional mitral stenosis – primary results of the CAMRA CardioLink-2 trial. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.1980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The gold standard treatment for mitral valve regurgitation due to prolapse involves surgery with annuloplasty and either leaflet resection or leaflet preservation, with placement of artificial neochordae. It has been suggested that leaflet resection may be prone to functional mitral stenosis, whereby a patient may have a higher mitral gradient at peak exercise compared to a leaflet preservation strategy. Although both techniques are widely used, there has been no prospective randomized study conducted to compare these two techniques, particularly in regard to functional mitral stenosis.
Methods
A total of 104 patients with posterior leaflet prolapse were randomized to undergo mitral repair with either leaflet resection (N=54) or leaflet preservation (N=50) at 7 specialized Canadian cardiac centers. Patient age, proportion of female patients, and mean Society of Thoracic Surgeons risk score was 63.9±10.4 years, 19%, and 1.4% for those who underwent leaflet resection, and 66.3±10.8 years, 16%, and 1.9% for those who underwent leaflet preservation, respectively. The primary endpoint was the mean trans-mitral repair gradient at peak exercise 12-months after repair.
Results
Baseline characteristics were similar between the groups. At 12-months, the mean trans-mitral repair gradient at peak exercise in patients who underwent leaflet resection and preservation was 9.1±5.2 and 8.3±3.3 mmHg (P=0.4), respectively. The two groups had similar mean mitral valve gradient at rest (3.2±1.9 mmHg following resection and 3.1±1.1 mmHg following leaflet preservation, P=0.7). There was no between-group difference for the 6-minute walk distance (451±147 m and 481±95 m for the resection and preservation groups, respectively, P=0.3).
Conclusion
We report the first prospective surgical randomized trial to evaluate commonly used mitral valve repair strategies for posterior leaflet prolapse. Leaflet resection and leaflet preservation both yield acceptable results with no difference in postoperative valve gradient and functional status 12-months after surgical mitral valve repair.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada
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Affiliation(s)
- V Chan
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - C.D Mazer
- St. Michael's Hospital, Anesthesia, Toronto, Canada
| | - T Mesana
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - A.J Gregory
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Calgary, Canada
| | - D Bouchard
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada
| | - F Zuo
- St. Michael's Hospital, Applied Health Research Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - W Tsang
- St. Michael's Hospital, Cardiology, Toronto, Canada
| | - D.A Latter
- St. Michael's Hospital, Cardiac Surgery, Toronto, Canada
| | - P Juni
- St. Michael's Hospital, Applied Health Research Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - H Teoh
- St. Michael's Hospital, Cardiac Surgery, Toronto, Canada
| | - A Quan
- St. Michael's Hospital, Cardiac Surgery, Toronto, Canada
| | - H Leong-Poi
- St. Michael's Hospital, Cardiology, Toronto, Canada
| | - S Verma
- St. Michael's Hospital, Cardiac Surgery, Toronto, Canada
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17
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Zhang X, Wang Y, Zuo F, Su Y, Liu H, Wu B, Nian X. Effect of Insulin-Regulated FOXC2 Expression in Adipocyte Differentiation and Insulin Resistance. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:2801-2809. [PMID: 32821143 PMCID: PMC7418171 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s262950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE 1) To investigate the effect of FOXC2 on the differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. 2) To analyze the mechanism between FOXC2 expression regulation in adipose differentiation and insulin resistance (IR). METHODS We first amplified the FOXC2 promoter region-512 and cloned it into the luciferase expression vector. The reporter gene system was transfected into the adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell to study insulin-mediated FOXC2 expression. We also manipulated FOXC2 protein expression by either siRNA or overexpression and studied the differentiation capability of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell into adipocytes, as well as the influence on several IR-related genes: GLUT4, PPARγ, UCP1 and PAI-1. RESULTS 1) Insulin effectively induced the expression of FOXC2 protein in adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells under differentiation (P<0.01). Insulin also induced FOXC2-pro-512T promoter activity significantly (P<0.01). 2) The stem cell adipose differentiation decreased in the FOXC2 overexpression group. 3) When FOXC2 was overexpressed, the expression of GLUT4, PAI-1 and UCP1 was higher than control groups (p<0.001). When FOXC2 was down-regulated by siRNA, both GLUT4 and PAI-1's protein expression were decreased (p<0.001), and the protein expression of PPARγ was increased (p<0.001). In the presence of insulin induction, overexpression of FOXC2 led to significantly higher UCP-1 expression (p<0.001) and lower PAI-1 expression (p<0.001). The protein expression of GLUT4, PAI-1 (p<0.001) and UCP-1 (p<0.05) was decreased in cells transfected with FOXC2 siRNA. CONCLUSION Insulin effectively induced the expression of FOXC2 protein in adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells under differentiation, possibly through the regulation of the FOXC2-pro-512T promoter activity. The different protein expression of FOXC2 has regulatory effects on several genes related to insulin resistance. FOXC2 is an important regulatory factor in adipocyte differentiation and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuxiang Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuming Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fan Zuo
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yandan Su
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Nian
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Xin NianDepartment of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Email
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Garg V, Verma S, Peterson MD, Chu MWA, Quan A, Zuo F, Teoh H, Mazer CD, Smith EE. P5602Comparison of innominate vs axillary artery cannulation for cerebral protection on neurocognitive outcomes in aortic surgery: a pre-specified analysis of the ACE CardioLink-3 randomised trial. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz746.0546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Success after aortic surgery depends on avoidance of neurocognitive dysfunction, thus novel adjuncts to proximal aortic surgery must be evaluated for efficacy of cerebral protection during circulatory arrest. We report the primary neurocognitive results from the ACE CardioLink-3 randomised controlled trial comparing innominate to axillary artery cannulation for cerebral protection (NCT02554032).
Methods
The primary safety endpoint was the proportion of patients with new radiologically severe ischaemic cerebral lesions found on post-operative versus pre-operative diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI). Neurocognitive outcomes were assessed using the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE), and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Continuous and binary outcomes were analysed using ANCOVA (controlling for baseline score) and chi-square/Fisher's exact tests.
Results
Of the 111 patients randomised, 102 patients were included in the primary safety per-protocol analysis. The primary safety outcome (significant new ischaemic lesions on DW-MRI) occurred in 34% in the innominate group and 38.8% in the axillary group (OR 0.81; 0.41 to 1.60; P=0.0009 for non-inferiority). Rates of post-operative stroke/transient ischaemic attack, seizure, delirium, and encephalopathy were similar between groups. The rate of patients with a post-operative MoCA score less than 26 was 44.9% and 39.1% in the innominate and axillary groups respectively (P=0.807). A post-operative MMSE score of less than 24 was observed in 2% vs. 6.5% of the patients in the innominate and axillary groups respectively (P=0.866). A >1-point decrease in the MoCA score from pre-operatively to post-operatively was seen in 32.7% and 34.8% in the innominate and axillary groups respectively (P=0.962). A >1-point decrease in the MMSE score from pre-to post-operative was observed in 20.4% in the innominate artery group compared with 30.4% in the axillary group (P=0.346).
Conclusion
Post-operative neurocognitive dysfunction and DW-MRI incidence of severe ischaemic lesions did not differ in patients randomised to innominate artery cannulation vs, conventional axillary artery cannulation, though the burden of new severe ischaemic lesions is high in both groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Garg
- St. Michael's Hospital, Cardiac Surgery, Toronto, Canada
| | - S Verma
- St. Michael's Hospital, Cardiac Surgery, Toronto, Canada
| | - M D Peterson
- St. Michael's Hospital, Cardiac Surgery, Toronto, Canada
| | - M W A Chu
- University of Western Ontario, Cardiac Surgery, London, Canada
| | - A Quan
- St. Michael's Hospital, Cardiac Surgery, Toronto, Canada
| | - F Zuo
- St. Michael's Hospital, Applied Health Research Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - H Teoh
- St. Michael's Hospital, Cardiac Surgery, Toronto, Canada
| | - C D Mazer
- St. Michael's Hospital, Anesthesia, Toronto, Canada
| | - E E Smith
- University of Calgary, Clinical Neurosciences, Calgary, Canada
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Garg V, Verma S, Connelly KA, Yan AT, Sikand A, Garg A, Dorian P, Zuo F, Leiter LA, Zinman B, Juni P, Verma A, Quan A, Mazer CD, Ha ACT. P3753Does empagliflozin modulate the autonomic system among patients with type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease? Insights from the Holter sub-study of the EMPA-Heart CardioLink-6 Randomised Trial. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.0605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
The mechanism behind how empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, reduces all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and coronary artery disease (CAD) is unknown. Autonomic tone, as reflected by changes in heart rate variability (HRV), is an established prognosticator in patients with CAD and/or heart failure.
Purpose
To assess if empagliflozin treatment changes HRV in subjects with T2DM and CAD.
Methods
In the double-blind EMPA-Heart trial, 97 subjects with T2DM and CAD were randomised to empagliflozin 10 mg/day or placebo for 6 months and underwent 24-hour Holter monitoring at baseline and 6 months. Using automated algorithms, time and frequency HRV domain measures were obtained (standard deviation of NN intervals (SDNN); SD of the average NN intervals for each 5-minute segment (SDANN); root mean square of successive RR interval differences (rMSSD); % interval differences of successive NN intervals >50 ms (pNN50); ratio of low to high frequency (LF/HF)). Changes of these HRV parameters were calculated over 6 months. Between-group differences in HRV parameters were compared using ANCOVA.
Results
Complete Holter data (baseline and 6-month) were available for 68% (n=66) of the cohort. The average heart rate (HR) at baseline/6 months was 69.5±9.8 bpm/72.8±8.1 bpm and 76±10.4 bpm/76.5±10.6 in the placebo group and empagliflozin group, respectively. Both groups had similar changes in average HR over 6 months. Key Holter data are summarised in the table. SDNN and SDANN were higher in the placebo vs. empagliflozin group at 6 months; no significant difference was noted for all other measures.
Empagliflozin 10 mg/day (n=33) Placebo (n=33) Adjusted difference between Empagliflozin and Placebo (ANCOVA) Baseline, Mean (SD) 6-month, Mean (SD) Baseline, Mean (SD) 6-month, Mean (SD) Mean, (95% CI) P-value SDNN (ms) 100.49 (43.74) 98.05 (38.86) 109.35 (30.02) 125.08 (43.83) −18.55 (−34.28, −2.82) 0.022 SDANN (ms) 86.84 (39.34) 83.76 (35.53) 94.70 (28.52) 118.28 (77.41) −20.24 (−37.27, −3.21) 0.021 rMSSD (ms) 27.00 (11.84) 27.22 (13.48) 28.00 (11.58) 27.17 (9.38) −1.23 (−6.02, 3.55) 0.608 pNN50 (%) 7.81 (7.59) 8.32 (9.51) 8.26 (7.8) 6.93 (5.35) 0.51 (−2.61, 3.62) 0.746 LF/HF ratio 1.63 (0.52) 1.65 (0.51) 1.53 (0.43) 1.83 (0.82) −0.08 (−0.38, 0.22) 0.602
Conclusions
Among subjects with T2DM and CAD, changes in HRV over 6 months were similar in the empagliflozin and placebo arms suggesting that the mortality benefit conferred by empagliflozin is not associated with positive modulation of autonomic tone.
Acknowledgement/Funding
This trial was supported by an unrestricted investigator-initiated study grant from Boehringer Ingelheim.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Garg
- St. Michael's Hospital, Cardiac Surgery, Toronto, Canada
| | - S Verma
- St. Michael's Hospital, Cardiac Surgery, Toronto, Canada
| | - K A Connelly
- St. Michael's Hospital, Cardiology, Toronto, Canada
| | - A T Yan
- St. Michael's Hospital, Cardiology, Toronto, Canada
| | - A Sikand
- St. Michael's Hospital, Cardiac Surgery, Toronto, Canada
| | - A Garg
- University of Toronto, Medicine, Toronto, Canada
| | - P Dorian
- St. Michael's Hospital, Cardiology, Toronto, Canada
| | - F Zuo
- St. Michael's Hospital, Applied Health Research Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - L A Leiter
- St. Michael's Hospital, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Toronto, Canada
| | - B Zinman
- Mount Sinai Hospital of the University Health Network, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Toronto, Canada
| | - P Juni
- St. Michael's Hospital, Applied Health Research Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - A Verma
- Southlake Regional Health Centre, Cardiology, Toronto, Canada
| | - A Quan
- St. Michael's Hospital, Cardiac Surgery, Toronto, Canada
| | - C D Mazer
- St. Michael's Hospital, Anesthesia, Toronto, Canada
| | - A C T Ha
- UHN - University of Toronto, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, Toronto, Canada
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Wu Y, Zhang WX, Zuo F, Zhang GW. Comparison of mRNA expression from Y-chromosome X-degenerate region genes in taurine cattle, yaks and interspecific hybrid bulls. Anim Genet 2019; 50:740-743. [PMID: 31475374 DOI: 10.1111/age.12841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The yattle (dzo) is an interspecific hybrid of the taurine cattle (Bos taurus) and the domestic yak (Bos grunniens). F1 hybrid yattle bulls are sterile due to spermatogenic arrest and have misregulation of spermatogenesis genes in the testes. However, the expression pattern of Y chromosome-linked genes in cattle, yaks and yattle testes is still unknown. In this study, we analyzed the mRNA expression pattern of 10 genes known to be present as single copies in the X-degenerate region of the bovine male-specific region of the Y chromosome. Using male-specific primers and reverse transcription quantitative PCR, the ubiquitously transcribed tetratricopeptide repeat gene, Y-linked (UTY), oral-facial-digital syndrome 1, Y-linked (OFD1Y) and ubiquitin specific peptidase 9, Y-linked (USP9Y) genes were ubiquitously expressed and significantly more highly expressed in yattle than in cattle and yaks testes (P < 0.001). RNA binding motif protein, Y-linked (RBMY) had testes-specific expression, and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1A, Y-linked (EIF1AY) was expressed mainly in testis, whereas yattle and cattle did not show significant differences with respect to the expression of RBMY and EIF1AY. Thus, based on the model of yattle bull sterility, the high expression of UTY, OFD1Y and USP9Y may be associated with yattle infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wu
- College of Animal Science, Southwest University, Rongchang, Chongqing, 402460, China.,Beef Cattle Engineering and Technology Research Center of Chongqing, Southwest University, Rongchang, Chongqing, 402460, China
| | - W-X Zhang
- Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau of Rongchang, Rongchang, Chongqing, 402460, China
| | - F Zuo
- College of Animal Science, Southwest University, Rongchang, Chongqing, 402460, China.,Beef Cattle Engineering and Technology Research Center of Chongqing, Southwest University, Rongchang, Chongqing, 402460, China
| | - G-W Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Southwest University, Rongchang, Chongqing, 402460, China.,Beef Cattle Engineering and Technology Research Center of Chongqing, Southwest University, Rongchang, Chongqing, 402460, China
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Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of psychological intervention and psychological plus drug intervention on smoking cessation among male smokers with single chronic diseases.A total of 509 male smokers were divided into psychological group (n = 290) and psychological plus drugs (n = 219) groups according to their will. The physicians provided free individual counseling and follow-up interviews with brief counseling for all the subjects. In addition to mental intervention, patients in psychological plus drug group also received bupropion hydrochloride or varenicline tartrate to quit smoking. Outcomes were self-reported, regarding the 7-day point prevalence on abstinence rate and continuous abstinence rates at 1-, 3-, and 6-month follow-up period. Data analyses were performed using intention-to-treat analysis and per protocol analysis.With regards to the 3 follow-up time points, 7-day point-prevalence abstinence rate in psychological plus drugs group was all higher than that in the psychological intervention group. Additionally, the 3-month continuous abstinence rate (21.4%) of the 6-month follow-up in the psychological group was not significantly higher than that (26.9%) in the psychological plus drugs group (P >.05 for all). Fagerström test score, stage of quitting smoking, perceived confidence or difficulty in quitting, and chronic disease types were independently correlated with 3-month continuous abstinence in the 6-month follow up (P <.05 for all). The results were similar between intentional analysis and protocol analysis.The psychological intervention and psychological plus drugs intervention exerted good effects on smoking cessation in a short time (1 month). Nevertheless, the advantages did not appear during long-time (6 months) follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changxi Zhou
- Department of Respiration, Chinese PLA General Hospital
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Geriatrics
| | - Qinghui Liu
- Department of Respiration, Chinese PLA General Hospital
| | - Huaijie An
- Central Laboratory of Navy General Hospital
| | | | | | - Li Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yao He
- Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Geriatrics
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22
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Jiang B, He Y, Zuo F, Wu L, Liu QH, Zhang L, Zhou CX, Cheng JJ, Chan Sc ZS, Lam DQ. [Effectiveness of bupropion and counseling for smoking cessation]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2016; 50:640-644. [PMID: 27412843 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2016.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of bupropion for smoking cessation among Chinese smokers at a smoking cessation clinic. METHODS A prospective observational study was conducted in a hospital located in Beijing during 2008 and from 28 to 31 October 2014. A total of 287 smokers (265 men and 22 women) were assessed using data from structured questionnaires at baseline and were followed up at 1 and 6 months. Trained physician counselors provided free brief education and individual counseling sessions for all participants at the first visit. A total 131 participants were prescribed bupropion in addition to counseling. The counseling plus bupropion group was compared with the group who underwent counseling without bupropion. Outcomes were self-reported 7-day point prevalence abstinence rates at 1- and 6-month follow-up and continuous abstinence rates at 6-month follow-up. Smoking reduction rates at 1 and 6 months were also measured. RESULTS By intention-to-treat analysis, the 7-day point prevalence abstinence rate of the bupropion group at 1 and 6 months was higher than for the counseling-only group: at 1-month follow-up, 26.0% (34/131) vs. 15.4% (24/156), with OR (95% CI) 1.93(1.07-3.46); these rates at 6-month follow-up were 27.8% (35/131) vs. 15.4% (24/156), with OR (95% CI) 2.01(1.12-3.59). The 1-month continuous abstinence rate at 6 months was higher in the bupropion group: 26.0% (34/131) vs. 14.7% (23/156), with OR (95%CI) 2.03(1.12-3.66). Participants in the bupropion group also had a higher smoking reduction rate at 1 month than those in the counseling-only group: 55.0% (72/131) vs. 38.5% (60/156), with OR (95%CI) 1.95 (1.22-3.13). CONCLUSION Prescription of bupropion at this smoking cessation clinic was effective in doubling the quitting rates and smoking reduction rates among Chinese smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Jiang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Acupuncture, Nanlou Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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Hobin E, Sacco J, Vanderlee L, White CM, Zuo F, Sheeshka J, McVey G, Fodor O'Brien M, Hammond D. A randomized trial testing the efficacy of modifications to the nutrition facts table on comprehension and use of nutrition information by adolescents and young adults in Canada. Health Promot Chronic Dis Prev Can 2015; 35:173-83. [PMID: 26674187 DOI: 10.24095/hpcdp.35.10.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Given the proposed changes to nutrition labelling in Canada and the dearth of research examining comprehension and use of nutrition facts tables (NFts) by adolescents and young adults, our objective was to experimentally test the efficacy of modifications to NFts on young Canadians' ability to interpret, compare and mathematically manipulate nutrition information in NFts on prepackaged food. METHODS An online survey was conducted among 2010 Canadians aged 16 to 24 years drawn from a consumer sample. Participants were randomized to view two NFts according to one of six experimental conditions, using a between-groups 2 x 3 factorial design: serving size (current NFt vs. standardized serving-sizes across similar products) x percent daily value (% DV) (current NFt vs. "low/med/high" descriptors vs. colour coding). The survey included seven performance tasks requiring participants to interpret, compare and mathematically manipulate nutrition information on NFts. Separate modified Poisson regression models were conducted for each of the three outcomes. RESULTS The ability to compare two similar products was significantly enhanced in NFt conditions that included standardized serving-sizes (p ≤ .001 for all). Adding descriptors or colour coding of % DV next to calories and nutrients on NFts significantly improved participants' ability to correctly interpret % DV information (p ≤ .001 for all). Providing both standardized serving-sizes and descriptors of % DV had a modest effect on participants' ability to mathematically manipulate nutrition information to calculate the nutrient content of multiple servings of a product (relative ratio = 1.19; 95% confidence limit: 1.04-1.37). CONCLUSION Standardizing serving-sizes and adding interpretive % DV information on NFts improved young Canadians' comprehension and use of nutrition information. Some caution should be exercised in generalizing these findings to all Canadian youth due to the sampling issues associated with the study population. Further research is needed to replicate this study in a more heterogeneous sample in Canada and across a range of food products and categories.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Hobin
- Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - J Sacco
- Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - L Vanderlee
- University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - C M White
- University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - F Zuo
- Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - J Sheeshka
- Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - G McVey
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - D Hammond
- University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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Sasan K, Zuo F, Wang Y, Feng P. Self-doped Ti(3+)-TiO2 as a photocatalyst for the reduction of CO2 into a hydrocarbon fuel under visible light irradiation. Nanoscale 2015. [PMID: 26198852 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr02974k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Self-doped TiO2 shows visible light photocatalytic activity, while commercial TiO2 (P25) is only UV responsive. The incorporation of Ti(3+) into TiO2 structures narrows the band gap (2.90 eV), leading to significantly increased photocatalytic activity for the reduction of CO2 into a renewable hydrocarbon fuel (CH4) in the presence of water vapour under visible light irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koroush Sasan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA.
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Williams ST, Zuo F, Chueh CC, Liao CY, Liang PW, Jen AKY. Role of chloride in the morphological evolution of organo-lead halide perovskite thin films. ACS Nano 2014; 8:10640-54. [PMID: 25299303 DOI: 10.1021/nn5041922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive morphological study was used to elucidate chloride's role in CH(3)NH(3)PbI(3-x)Cl(x) film evolution on a conducting polymer, PEDOT:PSS. Complex ion equilibria and aggregation in solution, as well as the role they play in nucleation, are found to ultimately be responsible for the unique morphological diversity observed in perovskite films grown in the presence of the chloride ion. An intermediate phase that is generated upon deposition and initial annealing templates continued self-assembly in the case of CH(3)NH(3)PbI(3-x)Cl(x). In the absence of chloride, the film growth of CH(3)NH(3)PbI(3) is directed by substrate interfacial energy. By employing the through-plane TEM analysis, we gain detailed insight into the unique crystallographic textures, grain structures, and elemental distributions across the breadth of films grown from precursor solutions with different chemistries. The lattice coherence seen in morphologies generated under the influence of chloride provides a physical rational for the enhancement in carrier diffusion length and lifetime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spencer T Williams
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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Zuo F, Williams ST, Liang PW, Chueh CC, Liao CY, Jen AKY. Binary-metal perovskites toward high-performance planar-heterojunction hybrid solar cells. Adv Mater 2014; 26:6454-6460. [PMID: 25123496 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201401641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A simple, low temperature solution process for Pb/Sn binary-metal perovskite planar-heterojunction solar cells is demonstrated. Sn inclusion substantially influences the band-gap, crystallization kinetics, and thin-film formation leading to a broadened light absorption and enhanced film coverage on ITO/PEDOT:PSS. As a result, the optimized device shows a PCE exceeding 10%, which is the best result for binary-metal perovskite solar cells so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zuo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
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Hou Y, Zuo F, Dagg AP, Liu J, Feng P. Branched WO3 nanosheet array with layered C3 N4 heterojunctions and CoOx nanoparticles as a flexible photoanode for efficient photoelectrochemical water oxidation. Adv Mater 2014; 26:5043-9. [PMID: 24848321 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201401032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Revised: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
A hybrid WO3 /C3 N4 /CoOx system exhibits excellent photoelectrochemical activity for water oxidation. The system comprises a novel three-dimensionally branched WO3 nanosheet array coated with a layer of C3 N4 heterojunctions that are further decorated with CoOx nanoparticles. The photoelectrochemical activity arises from the effective light harvesting due to the 3D structure and "window effect," the excellent charge separation and transport in the heterojunction, and the fast interfacial charge collection and surface reactions due to the large surface area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hou
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
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Mao C, Zuo F, Hou Y, Bu X, Feng P. In Situ Preparation of a Ti3+Self-Doped TiO2Film with Enhanced Activity as Photoanode by N2H4Reduction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201406017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Mao C, Zuo F, Hou Y, Bu X, Feng P. In Situ Preparation of a Ti3+Self-Doped TiO2Film with Enhanced Activity as Photoanode by N2H4Reduction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:10485-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201406017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Liang PW, Liao CY, Chueh CC, Zuo F, Williams ST, Xin XK, Lin J, Jen AKY. Additive enhanced crystallization of solution-processed perovskite for highly efficient planar-heterojunction solar cells. Adv Mater 2014; 26:3748-54. [PMID: 24634141 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201400231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 477] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Revised: 02/08/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Po-Wei Liang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
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31
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Delle Sedie A, Riente L, Bandinelli F, Bi Y, Xu Q, Cao Y, Yuan Y, Zuo F, Gao Y, Matucci Cerinic M, Bombardieri S, Xiao C. AB0679 Comparison of Two Different Ethnic Groups of as Patients: Table 1. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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32
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Mao C, Kudla RA, Zuo F, Zhao X, Mueller LJ, Bu X, Feng P. Anion Stripping as a General Method to Create Cationic Porous Framework with Mobile Anions. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:7579-82. [DOI: 10.1021/ja5030723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiang Zhao
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Long Beach, California 90840, United States
| | | | - Xianhui Bu
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Long Beach, California 90840, United States
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33
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Chen H, Duan J, Zuo F. Mechanism of the reversal effect of mifepristone on drug resistance of the human cervical cancer cell line HeLa/MMC. Genet Mol Res 2014; 13:1288-95. [PMID: 24634186 DOI: 10.4238/2014.february.27.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
We examined the ability of mifepristone to reverse the in vitro drug resistance of human cervical cancer cells resistant to mitomycin-C (HeLa/MMC) cells and investigated the mechanism of this effect. A 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay was performed to detect the drug resistance of HeLa/MMC cells and the reversed drug resistance in vitro. Expression levels of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), and glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) were measured in HeLa and HeLa/MMC cells. The resistance index of HeLa/MMC cells on MMC was reduced from 5.02 to 1.46 after 10 mg/mL mifepristone exposure. A combination of mifepristone upregulated the Bax/Bcl-2 protein expression ratio and apoptosis in HeLa/MMC cells. GCS expression was significantly higher in HeLa/MMC cells than in HeLa cells (P < 0.01), but distinctly declined in both cell lines after mifepristone application (P < 0.01). Mifepristone reversed the resistance of HeLa/MMC cells to MMC in vitro; the overexpression of the GCS gene and the increased expression of apoptosis-related protein Bcl-2 may play important roles in the formation of multidrug resistance in cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Chen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - J Duan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - F Zuo
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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34
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Colangelo P, Giannuzzi F, Nicotri S, Zuo F. Temperature and chemical potential dependence of the gluon condensate: A holographic study. Int J Clin Exp Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.88.115011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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35
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Morrison RJ, Zhang J, Urban ER, Hall J, Ittekkot V, Avril B, Hu L, Hong GH, Kidwai S, Lange CB, Lobanov V, Machiwa J, San Diego-McGlone ML, Oguz T, Plumley FG, Yeemin T, Zhu W, Zuo F. Developing human capital for successful implementation of international marine scientific research projects. Mar Pollut Bull 2013; 77:11-22. [PMID: 24055460 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/01/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The oceans play a crucial role in the global environment and the sustainability of human populations, because of their involvement in climate regulation and provision of living and non-living resources to humans. Maintenance of healthy oceans in an era of increasing human pressure requires a high-level understanding of the processes occurring in the marine environment and the impacts of anthropogenic activities. Effective protection and sustainable resource management must be based, in part, on knowledge derived from successful research. Current marine research activities are being limited by a need for high-quality researchers capable of addressing critical issues in broad multidisciplinary research activities. This is particularly true for developing countries which will require the building of capacity for marine scientific research. This paper reviews the current activities aimed at increasing marine research capacity in developing and emerging countries and analyses the challenges faced, including: appropriate alignment of the research goals and societal and policy-relevant needs; training in multidisciplinary research; increasing capacity for overall synthesis of scientific data; building the capacity of technical staff; keeping highly qualified personnel in marine scientific research roles; cross-cultural issues in training; minimising duplication in training activities; improving linkages among human capital, project resources and infrastructure. Potential solutions to these challenges are provided, along with some priorities for action aimed at improving the overall research effort.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Morrison
- University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
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36
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Wang L, Wu T, Bu X, Zhao X, Zuo F, Feng P. Coassembly between the Largest and Smallest Metal Chalcogenide Supertetrahedral Clusters. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:2259-61. [DOI: 10.1021/ic301965w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Le Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside,
California 92521, United States
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside,
California 92521, United States
| | - Xianhui Bu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Long Beach,
California 90840, United States
| | - Xiang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside,
California 92521, United States
| | - Fan Zuo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside,
California 92521, United States
| | - Pingyun Feng
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside,
California 92521, United States
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37
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Liu J, Wen S, Hou Y, Zuo F, Beran GJO, Feng P. Boron Carbides as Efficient, Metal-Free, Visible-Light-Responsive Photocatalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201209363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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38
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Liu J, Wen S, Hou Y, Zuo F, Beran GJO, Feng P. Boron carbides as efficient, metal-free, visible-light-responsive photocatalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:3241-5. [PMID: 23355478 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201209363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jikai Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
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39
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Zou X, Liu J, Su J, Zuo F, Chen J, Feng P. Facile synthesis of thermal- and photostable titania with paramagnetic oxygen vacancies for visible-light photocatalysis. Chemistry 2013; 19:2866-73. [PMID: 23307339 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201202833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Revised: 11/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A novel dopant-free TiO(2) photocatalyst (V(o)(.)-TiO(2)), which is self-modified by a large number of paramagnetic (single-electron-trapped) oxygen vacancies, was prepared by calcining a mixture of a porous amorphous TiO(2) precursor, imidazole, and hydrochloric acid at elevated temperature (450 °C) in air. Control experiments demonstrate that the porous TiO(2) precursor, imidazole, and hydrochloric acid are all necessary for the formation of V(o)(.)-TiO(2). Although the synthesis of V(o)(.)-TiO(2) originates from such a multicomponent system, this synthetic approach is facile, controllable, and reproducible. X-ray diffraction, XPS, and EPR spectroscopy reveal that the V(o)(.)-TiO(2) material with a high crystallinity embodies a mass of paramagnetic oxygen vacancies, and is free of other dopant species such as nitrogen and carbon. UV/Vis diffuse-reflectance spectroscopy and photoelectrochemical measurement demonstrate that V(o)(.)-TiO(2) is a stable visible-light-responsive material with photogenerated charge separation efficiency higher than N-TiO(2) and P25 under visible-light irradiation. The V(o)(.)-TiO(2) material exhibits not only satisfactory thermal- and photostability, but also superior photocatalytic activity for H(2) evolution (115 μmol h(-1) g(-1)) from water with methanol as sacrificial reagent under visible light (λ>400 nm) irradiation. Furthermore, the effects of reaction temperature, ratio of starting materials (imidazole:TiO(2) precursor) and calcination time on the photocatalytic activity and the microstructure of V(o)(.)-TiO(2) were elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxin Zou
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
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40
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Hou Y, Zuo F, Dagg A, Feng P. Visible light-driven α-Fe₂O₃ nanorod/graphene/BiV₁-xMoxO₄ core/shell heterojunction array for efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting. Nano Lett 2012; 12:6464-73. [PMID: 23151150 DOI: 10.1021/nl303961c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
We report the design, synthesis, and characterization of a novel heterojunction array of α-Fe(2)O(3)/graphene/BiV(1-x)Mo(x)O(4) core/shell nanorod for photoelectrochemical water splitting. The heterojunction array was prepared by hydrothermal deposition of α-Fe(2)O(3) nanorods onto Ti substrate, with subsequent coating of graphene interlayer and BiV(1-x)Mo(x)O(4) shell by photocatalytic reduction and a spin-coating approach, respectively. The heterojunction yielded a pronounced photocurrent density of ∼1.97 mA/cm(2) at 1.0 V vs Ag/AgCl and a high photoconversion efficiency of ∼0.53% at -0.04 V vs Ag/AgCl under the irradiation of a Xe lamp. The improved photoelectrochemical properties benefited from (1) the enhanced light absorption due to behavior of the "window effect" between the α-Fe(2)O(3) cores and BiV(1-x)Mo(x)O(4) shells, and (2) the improved separation of photogenerated carriers at the α-Fe(2)O(3) nanorod/graphene/BiV(1-x)Mo(x)O(4) interfaces. Our results demonstrate the advantages of the novel graphene-mediated core/shell heterojunction array and provide a valuable insight for the further development of such materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hou
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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41
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Hou Y, Zuo F, Dagg A, Feng P. A Three-Dimensional Branched Cobalt-Doped α-Fe2O3Nanorod/MgFe2O4Heterojunction Array as a Flexible Photoanode for Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201207578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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42
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Hou Y, Zuo F, Dagg A, Feng P. A Three-Dimensional Branched Cobalt-Doped α-Fe2O3Nanorod/MgFe2O4Heterojunction Array as a Flexible Photoanode for Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 52:1248-52. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201207578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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43
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Zuo F, Bozhilov K, Dillon RJ, Wang L, Smith P, Zhao X, Bardeen C, Feng P. Active facets on titanium(III)-doped TiO2: an effective strategy to improve the visible-light photocatalytic activity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:6223-6. [PMID: 22566101 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201202191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 319] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zuo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
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44
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Zuo F, Bozhilov K, Dillon RJ, Wang L, Smith P, Zhao X, Bardeen C, Feng P. Active Facets on Titanium(III)-Doped TiO2: An Effective Strategy to Improve the Visible-Light Photocatalytic Activity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201202191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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45
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Zheng ST, Wu T, Zuo F, Chou C, Feng P, Bu X. Mimicking Zeolite to Its Core: Porous Sodalite Cages as Hangers for Pendant Trimeric M3(OH) Clusters (M = Mg, Mn, Co, Ni, Cd). J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:1934-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ja209800x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shou-Tian Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, California State University, Long Beach, California 90840, United States
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521,
United States
| | - Fan Zuo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521,
United States
| | - Chengtsung Chou
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, California State University, Long Beach, California 90840, United States
| | - Pingyun Feng
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521,
United States
| | - Xianhui Bu
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, California State University, Long Beach, California 90840, United States
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46
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Wu T, Zuo F, Wang L, Bu X, Zheng ST, Ma R, Feng P. A Large Indium Sulfide Supertetrahedral Cluster Built from Integration of ZnS-like Tetrahedral Shell with NaCl-like Octahedral Core. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:15886-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja2066994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Fan Zuo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Le Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Xianhui Bu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, 1250 Bellflower Boulevard, Long Beach, California 90840, United States
| | - Shou-Tian Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, 1250 Bellflower Boulevard, Long Beach, California 90840, United States
| | - Richard Ma
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Pingyun Feng
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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47
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Zheng ST, Wu T, Irfanoglu B, Zuo F, Feng P, Bu X. Multicomponent Self-Assembly of a Nested Co24@Co48 Metal-Organic Polyhedral Framework. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:8034-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201103155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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48
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Zheng ST, Wu T, Irfanoglu B, Zuo F, Feng P, Bu X. Multicomponent Self-Assembly of a Nested Co24@Co48 Metal-Organic Polyhedral Framework. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201103155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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49
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Zhang Z, Lin Q, Kurunthu D, Wu T, Zuo F, Zheng ST, Bardeen CJ, Bu X, Feng P. Synthesis and Photocatalytic Properties of a New Heteropolyoxoniobate Compound: K10[Nb2O2(H2O)2][SiNb12O40]·12H2O. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:6934-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ja201670x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Qipu Lin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Dharmalingam Kurunthu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Fan Zuo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Shou-Tian Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Boulevard, Long Beach, California 90840, United States
| | - Christopher J. Bardeen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Xianhui Bu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Boulevard, Long Beach, California 90840, United States
| | - Pingyun Feng
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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50
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Zheng ST, Zuo F, Wu T, Irfanoglu B, Chou C, Nieto RA, Feng P, Bu X. Cooperative assembly of three-ring-based zeolite-type metal-organic frameworks and Johnson-type dodecahedra. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:1849-52. [PMID: 21328654 PMCID: PMC4410848 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201006882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Two birds with one stone One synthetic strategy led to the preparation of both 3-ring-based zeolite-type metal-organic frameworks (NPO-type) and Johnson-type metal-organic polyhedra. The strategy is based on the cooperative assembly of 4-connected indium nodes with two symmetry-complementary ligands (one serves to generate 3-rings and the other crosslinks 3-rings). Photocatalytic H2 production experiments demonstrated these NPO-zeolite compounds behave as semiconductors and exhibit photocatalytic activity for the generation of dihydrogen from water under ultraviolet irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shou-Tian Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Boulevard, Long Beach, CA 90840, Fax: (+) 562-985-8557
| | - Fan Zuo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521
| | - Burcin Irfanoglu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Boulevard, Long Beach, CA 90840, Fax: (+) 562-985-8557
| | - Chengtsung Chou
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Boulevard, Long Beach, CA 90840, Fax: (+) 562-985-8557
| | - Ruben A. Nieto
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Boulevard, Long Beach, CA 90840, Fax: (+) 562-985-8557
| | - Pingyun Feng
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521
| | - Xianhui Bu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Boulevard, Long Beach, CA 90840, Fax: (+) 562-985-8557
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