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Dehghani F, Yousefinejad S, Mobaraki N, Nekoeinia M, Hemmateenejad B. Rapid determination of hippuric acid as an exposure biomarker of toluene using a colorimetric assay and comparison with high-performance liquid chromatography. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9935. [PMID: 38688900 PMCID: PMC11061108 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59641-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Occupational exposure to toluene is associated with health risks that require reliable monitoring methods. Hippuric acid (HA), a urinary metabolite of toluene, serves as a valuable biomarker for such exposure. Colorimetric methods for the quantitative determination of HA have gained prominence due to their simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and suitability for field application. In the present study, a simple colorimetric technique was optimized for the determination of HA in the urine sample, and compared with a usual HPLC technique. The central composite design (CCD) was applied to examine the effective parameters on the colorimetric determination of HA. The calibration curve for HA was established within the concentration range of 6 to 100 mg L-1 with R2 = 0.97. The detection limit (LOD) and quantification limit (LOQ) were determined to be 1.8 mg L-1 and 6 mg L-1 respectively. The relative standard deviation (RSD%) was less than 5%, and the recovery% (R%) was 90.5-100.1. The overall results showed good agreement between the colorimetric and HPLC results. There was a significant relationship between the results obtained from HPLC and colorimetric methods especially for higher concentration levels of HA (≥ 500 mg/g creatinine). In conclusion, our optimized colorimetric method is a simple, cost-effective, and rapid method for determination of HA in occupational exposure, which is comparable with the HPLC technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Dehghani
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saeed Yousefinejad
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Nabiollah Mobaraki
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Technology Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Mohsen Nekoeinia
- Soil and Water Research Department, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Isfahan, Iran
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Parviniannasab AM, Dehghani F, Hosseini SA. The mediating role of hope in the relation between uncertainty and social support with self-management among patients with ESKD undergoing hemodialysis. BMC Nephrol 2024; 25:129. [PMID: 38609885 PMCID: PMC11010407 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-024-03558-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-management behaviours are critical for patients requiring regular hemodialysis (HD) therapy. This study aimed to test the relationship between social support, uncertainty and self-management among HD patients and to explore whether hope plays a mediating role. METHODS In a cross-sectional study, a convenience sample of 212 HD patients from two hospitals completed the Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS), Herth Hope Index (HHI), Short form Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale (SF-MUIS), and hemodialysis Self-Management Instrument (HD-SMI). Data were analysed using structural equation modelling. RESULTS The main finding indicated that social support positively affected self-management (β = 0.50, t = 4.97, p < 0.001), and uncertainty negatively affected self-management (β =-0.37, t=-4.12, p = < 0.001). In mediational model analysis, the effect of social support on self-management was fully mediated [(β = 0.12; 95% BC CI (0.047, 0.228)] by hope. Also, the effect of uncertainty on self-management was fully mediated [(β=- 0.014; 95% BC CI (-0.114, -0.003)] by hope. CONCLUSIONS "Considering factors influencing self-management in HD patients is crucial for improving quality of life. Receiving support and informational resources can not only foster hope but also reduce their uncertainty, thus aiding in enhancing clinical outcomes, quality of life, and reducing complications. "Health care providers, especially nurses were advised to accept the existence of uncertainty, help patients make optimal use of support resources, and give more importance to disambiguation to reassure them. Therefore, well-designed interventions that enhance social support and hope and reduce uncertainty may help improve self-management behaviour in HD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatemeh Dehghani
- Bachelor of Science in Nursing, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran
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Najminejad Z, Dehghani F, Mirzaei Y, Mer AH, Saghi SA, Abdolvahab MH, Bagheri N, Meyfour A, Jafari A, Jahandideh S, Gharibi T, Amirkhani Z, Delam H, Mashatan N, Shahsavarani H, Abdollahpour-Alitappeh M. Clinical perspective: Antibody-drug conjugates for the treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer. Mol Ther 2023; 31:1874-1903. [PMID: 36950736 PMCID: PMC10362395 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are a promising class of cancer biopharmaceuticals that exploit the specificity of a monoclonal antibody (mAb) to selectively deliver highly cytotoxic small molecules to targeted cancer cells, leading to an enhanced therapeutic index through increased antitumor activity and decreased off-target toxicity. ADCs hold great promise for the treatment of patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer after the approval and tremendous success of trastuzumab emtansine and trastuzumab deruxtecan, representing a turning point in both HER2-positive breast cancer treatment and ADC technology. Additionally and importantly, a total of 29 ADC candidates are now being investigated in different stages of clinical development for the treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer. The purpose of this review is to provide an insight into the ADC field in cancer treatment and present a comprehensive overview of ADCs approved or under clinical investigation for the treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Najminejad
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616913355, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Dehghani
- Student Research Committee, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan 7431895639, Iran
| | - Yousef Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Biochemical Analysis, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Ali Hussein Mer
- Department of Nursing, Mergasour Technical Institute, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Seyyed Amirreza Saghi
- Student Research Committee, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan 7431895639, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Haji Abdolvahab
- Recombinant Proteins Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran 1517964311, Iran
| | - Nader Bagheri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord 8813733450, Iran
| | - Anna Meyfour
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717413, Iran
| | - Ameneh Jafari
- ATMP Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran 1517964311, Iran
| | - Saeed Jahandideh
- Department of Research and Development, Orchidgene co, Tehran 1387837584, Iran
| | - Tohid Gharibi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5165665931, Iran
| | - Zahra Amirkhani
- Student Research Committee, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan 7431895639, Iran
| | - Hamed Delam
- Student Research Committee, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan 7431895639, Iran
| | - Noushin Mashatan
- Graduated, School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, UK.
| | - Hosein Shahsavarani
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 1983963113, Iran.
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Salimi A, Zolghadrasli A, Jahangiri S, Hatamnejad MR, Bazrafshan M, Izadpanah P, Dehghani F, Askarinejad A, Salimi M, Bazrafshan Drissi H. The potential of HEART score to detect the severity of coronary artery disease according to SYNTAX score. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7228. [PMID: 37142599 PMCID: PMC10160023 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34213-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical scoring systems such as the HEART score can predict major adverse cardiovascular events, but they cannot be used to demonstrate the degree and severity of coronary artery disease. We investigated the potential of HEART Score in detecting the existence and severity of coronary artery disease based on SYNTAX score. This multi-centric cross-sectional study investigated patients referred to the cardiac emergency departments of three hospitals between January 2018 and January 2020. Data including age, gender, risk factors, comorbidities, 12-lead ECG, blood pressure and echocardiogram were recorded for all the participants. Serum troponin I level was measured on admission and 6 h later. Coronary angiography was done via the femoral or radial route. HEART and SYNTAX scores were calculated for all patients and their association was assessed. 300 patients (65% female) with mean age of 58.42 ± 12.42 years were included. mean HEART Score was 5.76 ± 1.56 (min = 3, max = 9), and mean SYNTAX score was 14.82 ± 11.42 (min = 0, max = 44.5). Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.493 between HEART Score and SYNTAX score which was statistically significant (P < 0.001). We found that HEART Score of more than 6 is 52% sensitive and 74.7% specific to detect extensive coronary artery involvement (SNTAX score ≥ 23). The present study showed that the HEART score has a moderate and positive correlation with the SYNTAX score and HEART score with a cut-off value of 6 is a predictor for SYNTAX score of ≥ 23.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Salimi
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | - Soodeh Jahangiri
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Hatamnejad
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Bazrafshan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Peyman Izadpanah
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Dehghani
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Askarinejad
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran university of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Salimi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Dehghani F, Yousefinejad S, Walker DI, Omidi F. Metabolomics for exposure assessment and toxicity effects of occupational pollutants: current status and future perspectives. Metabolomics 2022; 18:73. [PMID: 36083566 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-022-01930-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Work-related exposures to harmful agents or factors are associated with an increase in incidence of occupational diseases. These exposures often represent a complex mixture of different stressors, challenging the ability to delineate the mechanisms and risk factors underlying exposure-disease relationships. The use of omics measurement approaches that enable characterization of biological marker patterns provide internal indicators of molecular alterations, which could be used to identify bioeffects following exposure to a toxicant. Metabolomics is the comprehensive analysis of small molecule present in biological samples, and allows identification of potential modes of action and altered pathways by systematic measurement of metabolites. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to review the application of metabolomics studies for use in occupational health, with a focus on applying metabolomics for exposure monitoring and its relationship to occupational diseases. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Scopus electronic databases were systematically searched for relevant studies published up to 2021. RESULTS Most of reviewed studies included worker populations exposed to heavy metals such as As, Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni, Mn and organic compounds such as tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, trichloroethylene, polyfluoroalkyl, acrylamide, polyvinyl chloride. Occupational exposures were associated with changes in metabolites and pathways, and provided novel insight into the relationship between exposure and disease outcomes. The reviewed studies demonstrate that metabolomics provides a powerful ability to identify metabolic phenotypes and bioeffect of occupational exposures. CONCLUSION Continued application to worker populations has the potential to enable characterization of thousands of chemical signals in biological samples, which could lead to discovery of new biomarkers of exposure for chemicals, identify possible toxicological mechanisms, and improved understanding of biological effects increasing disease risk associated with occupational exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Dehghani
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Research Institute for Health, Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, School of Health Shiraz, University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saeed Yousefinejad
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Research Institute for Health, Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, School of Health Shiraz, University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Douglas I Walker
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Fariborz Omidi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Salem Milani A, Ganjpour S, Dehghani F, Rahimi S, Sabanik P. Comparison of the fracture resistance of the teeth prepared with ProTaper Universal, ProTaper Next, and ProTaper Gold rotary files. Clin Exp Dent Res 2022; 8:1421-1425. [PMID: 36053566 PMCID: PMC9760132 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Root canal preparation can lead to cracks on the roots by creating stresses on the root canal walls, which decreases the fracture resistance of the tooth. The present study compared the fracture resistance of the teeth prepared by the ProTaper Universal (PTU), ProTaper Next (PTN), and ProTaper Gold (PTG) rotary file systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-six single-canal premolar teeth were sectioned 14 mm from the root apex. The roots were standardized based on the buccolingual and mesiodistal diameter and randomly assigned to three experimental (n = 14) and one control group (n = 14). The teeth in three experimental groups were instrumented with PTU, PTN, and PTG rotary files. The roots in the control group were not instrumented. A vertical force was applied to each root in a universal testing machine until the root fractured. The data were statistically analyzed by one-way analysis of variance. RESULTS There was no significant difference in the fracture resistance of the teeth between the control, PTU, PTN, and PTG groups (p = .115). CONCLUSIONS Root canal preparation with ProTaper files manufactured with conventional NiTi (PTU) and heat-treated alloys (PTN and PTG) did not affect the fracture resistance of teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Salem Milani
- Endodontic Department, Faculty of DentistryTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | | | - Fatemeh Dehghani
- Endodontic Department, Faculty of DentistryTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Saeed Rahimi
- Dental and Periodontal Research CentreTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Pouya Sabanik
- Dental and Periodontal Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
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Darabi F, Keshavarzi M, Abdullah MN, Dehghani F, Khanjani N, Yousefinejad S, Khajehnasiri F, Zamanian Z. Evaluation of oxidative stress and biochemical biomarkers, and psychological parameters in cement plant workers. Toxicol Ind Health 2022; 38:29-40. [PMID: 35100896 DOI: 10.1177/07482337211055132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The cement industry is one of the main world industries with exposure to a wide range of hazardous chemical and physical occupational agents that may increase free radicals and lead to disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate oxidative stress, biochemical markers, and psychological parameters among cement plant workers. In this cross-sectional study, 40 workers exposed to cement and 40 office employees were selected as the exposed and non-exposed groups, respectively. Exposure to cement dust, silica, and noise were, respectively, assessed using the NIOSH 0600, NIOSH 7601, and noise dosimetry methods. Oxidative stress biomarkers including malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and biochemical parameters were measured in the serum of all participants. Depression, anxiety, and stress were assessed by the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21) questionnaire. The results demonstrated that the level of MDA as a marker of oxidative stress was significantly higher in the exposed group. The level of antioxidant enzymes including SOD and CAT were also significantly higher in the exposed group. The level of TAC was lower in the exposed group, but the difference was not statistically significant. The levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate transaminase (AST), and the scores of depression and stress were also significantly higher in the exposed group. According to our results, noise, cement dust, and silica exposure were associated with oxidative stress, and this may be one of the mechanisms in which they adversely affect liver function and mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Darabi
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, 48435Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Majid Keshavarzi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, 108917Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Media N Abdullah
- Directorate of Health and Safety, 566744Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Fatemeh Dehghani
- Student Research Committee, School of Public Health, 48435Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Narges Khanjani
- Environmental Health Engineering Research Center, 154204Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Saeed Yousefinejad
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, 48435Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farahnaz Khajehnasiri
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, 48439Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Zamanian
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, 48435Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Vazin A, Hatami-Mazinani N, Alemzadeh E, Dehghani F, Mahi-Birjand M. Compliance with Antibiotics Prophylaxis Guideline in Surgical Patients in ICUs of a Teaching Referral Hospital. Health Serv Insights 2022; 15:11786329221136437. [PMID: 36386270 PMCID: PMC9661573 DOI: 10.1177/11786329221136437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial prophylaxis used for surgical procedures remains one of the measures for the prevention of surgical site infections (SSIs). The present study was designed to assess the compliance with clinical practice guideline for antimicrobial prophylaxis in variable surgeries conducted in the intensive care units (ICUs) of a major referral hospital. This cross-sectional investigation was carried out by prospective data collected from October 2017 to March 2018 in the intensive care unit (ICU) of Nemazi hospital in Shiraz. Demographic characteristics, surgery type as well as antibiotic treatment were gathered from medical records and entered in data collection forms. We reviewed compliance and adherence of prophylactic antibiotic administration to the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) guideline and evaluated the courses of antimicrobial drugs. If an antibiotic administrated for surgical prophylaxis was different from the guideline, the antibiotic was classified as non-guideline-based antibiotics. Most patients participated in this study were male (64.5%). Only 8.75% of the administrated antibiotics chosen for surgical prophylaxis were found to be appropriate antibiotic prescriptions; however, those patients receiving appropriate antibiotics prescribed an inappropriate dosage. In addition, the antibiotics were administrated with inappropriate durations in all cases. Our findings indicated that adherence to the IDSA international guideline seems to be far from ideal in Namazi hospital for antimicrobial prophylaxis, resulting in the unsuitable administration of a wide variety of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsaneh Vazin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nazafarin Hatami-Mazinani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Effat Alemzadeh
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Dehghani
- Student Research Committee, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Laresta, Iran
| | - Motahareh Mahi-Birjand
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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Mobarak S, Salasi M, Hormati A, Khodadadi J, Ziaee M, Abedi F, Ebrahimzadeh A, Azarkar Z, Mansour-Ghanaei F, Joukar F, Yeganeh S, Yaghubi Kalurazi T, Naghipour M, Mehrabi Z, Bahadori AR, Yaghoubi S, Moslemi R, Abbaspour Kasgari H, Fakheri H, Moghimi M, Shabani AM, Nekoukar Z, Babamahmoodi F, Davoudi Badabi AR, Davoodi L, Hassaniazad M, Barahimi E, Tousi A, Sadeghi A, Hosamirudsari H, Ali Asgari A, Abdollahi M, Anushiravani A, Shabani M, Shokouhi S, Khajavirad N, Salehi M, Dehghan Manshadi SA, Mousavi H, Zolfaghari F, Azimi E, Zeinali A, Akbarpour E, Merat D, Eslami G, Mousaviasl S, Sayar S, Radmanesh E, Ebrahimzadeh M, Arizavi Z, Jelvay S, Salmanzadeh S, Esmaeilian H, Mobarak M, Karimi J, Poormontaseri Z, Hasooni Bahrini N, Bonyadi A, Dehghani F, Mirzaei H, Noori Jangi M, Pourmasoomi H, Rezaie Keikhaie L, Afshari M, Nateghi Baygi A, Nateghi Baygi H, Levi J, McCann K, Wentzel H, Simmons B, Hill A, Merat S. Evaluation of the effect of sofosbuvir and daclatasvir in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: a randomized double-blind clinical trial (DISCOVER). J Antimicrob Chemother 2021; 77:758-766. [PMID: 34849957 PMCID: PMC8690191 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkab433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The combination of sofosbuvir and daclatasvir has shown preliminary efficacy for hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in four open-label studies with small sample sizes. This larger trial aimed to assess if the addition of sofosbuvir/daclatasvir to standard care improved clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Methods This was a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized clinical trial in adults hospitalized with COVID-19 at 19 hospitals in Iran. Patients were randomized to oral sofosbuvir/daclatasvir 400/60 mg once-daily or placebo in addition to standard of care. Patients were included if they had positive PCR or diagnostic chest CT, O2 saturation <95% and compatible symptoms. The primary outcome was hospital discharge within 10 days of randomization. Secondary outcomes included mortality and time to clinical events. The trial is registered on the Iran Registry of Clinical Trials under IRCT20200624047908N1. Results Between July and October 2020, 1083 patients were randomized to either the sofosbuvir/daclatasvir arm (n = 541) or the placebo arm (n = 542). No significant difference was observed in the primary outcome of hospital discharge within 10 days, which was achieved by 415/541 (77%) in the sofosbuvir/daclatasvir arm and 411/542 (76%) in the placebo arm [risk ratio (RR) 1.01, 95% CI 0.95–1.08, P = 0.734]. In-hospital mortality was 60/541 (11%) in the sofosbuvir/daclatasvir arm versus 55/542 (10%) in the placebo arm (RR 1.09, 95% CI 0.77–1.54, P = 0.615). No differences were observed in time to hospital discharge or time to in-hospital mortality. Conclusions We observed no significant effect of sofosbuvir/daclatasvir versus placebo on hospital discharge or survival in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Mobarak
- Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Salasi
- Imam Khomeini Hospital of Abadan Petroleum Health Organization, Abadan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Hormati
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Gastroenterology and Hepatology Disease Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Javad Khodadadi
- Infectious Disease Department, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Masood Ziaee
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Farshid Abedi
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Azadeh Ebrahimzadeh
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Zohreh Azarkar
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Farahnaz Joukar
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Sara Yeganeh
- Caspian Digestive Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Tofigh Yaghubi Kalurazi
- Department of Health, Nutrition & Infectious Diseases, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Naghipour
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Zeinab Mehrabi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Bahadori
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shoeleh Yaghoubi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Rohollah Moslemi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Hafez Fakheri
- Gut and Liver Research Center, Non-communicable Disease Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Minoo Moghimi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Amir Mohammad Shabani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Zahra Nekoukar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Farhang Babamahmoodi
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Davoudi Badabi
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Lotfollah Davoodi
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hassaniazad
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Elham Barahimi
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Abdolali Tousi
- Student Research Committee, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Anahita Sadeghi
- Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ali Ali Asgari
- Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Anushiravani
- Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Minoosh Shabani
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shervin Shokouhi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasim Khajavirad
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Salehi
- Infectious Diseases Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hashem Mousavi
- Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farnaz Zolfaghari
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elmira Azimi
- Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aida Zeinali
- Department of Cardiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Akbarpour
- Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Dorsa Merat
- Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Sara Sayar
- Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
| | | | | | | | - Saeed Jelvay
- Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
| | | | | | | | - Jalal Karimi
- Department of Infectious Disease, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Zahra Poormontaseri
- Department of Infectious Disease, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | | | - Atefeh Bonyadi
- Imam Khomeini Hospital of Abadan Petroleum Health Organization, Abadan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Dehghani
- Imam Khomeini Hospital of Abadan Petroleum Health Organization, Abadan, Iran
| | - Hadi Mirzaei
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Masoome Noori Jangi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Hossein Pourmasoomi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Lili Rezaie Keikhaie
- Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Mahdi Afshari
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Alireza Nateghi Baygi
- Research and Development Department, Fanavaran Rojan Mohaghegh Darou Co., Tehran, Iran
| | - Helia Nateghi Baygi
- Research and Development Department, Fanavaran Rojan Mohaghegh Darou Co., Tehran, Iran
| | - Jacob Levi
- Department of Intensive Care, University College London Hospital, London, UK
| | - Kaitlyn McCann
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Hannah Wentzel
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Bryony Simmons
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew Hill
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Shahin Merat
- Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Zare A, Choobineh A, Jahangiri M, Seif M, Dehghani F. Does Size Affect the Rate of Perforation? A Cross-sectional Study of Medical Gloves. Ann Work Expo Health 2021; 65:854-861. [PMID: 33821949 DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxab007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Healthcare workers often have unnoticed minor abrasions on their hands, putting them at risk of contracting infectious diseases from patients, if the integrity of the medical gloves is compromised. This study aimed to compare the rate and location of glove perforation between well-fitted and ill-fitted gloves. METHODS The participants of this cross-sectional study were 45 midwives in the maternity ward of a hospital in Shiraz city, Iran. A total of nine pairs of medical gloves including three pairs of fit size, three pairs of gloves with one size smaller (tight), and three pairs of gloves with one size larger (loose) were given to subjects, and asked them to use the gloves during episiotomy repair operations. After completing the task, all gloves were collected safely and gloves perforation was investigated based on water test (NF EN 455-1). RESULTS The perforation rate of the fit, tight, and loose medical gloves was 20, 37.78, and 34.81%, respectively. The results showed a significant difference between glove perforation of different glove sizes (P < 0.05). In general, there was a significant difference between the perforation rate of the fit glove and ill-fitted gloves (P = 0.013). CONCLUSIONS Wearing the wrong size gloves may increase the glove perforation rate. Providing a wide range of glove sizes by the hospital management, and choosing the best glove size can be very effective in reducing the glove perforation and increasing safety for healthcare workers and patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Zare
- Student Research Committee, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Alireza Choobineh
- Department of Ergonomics, Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Jahangiri
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Seif
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Dehghani
- Student Research Committee, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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11
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Dehghani F, Omidi F, Fallahzadeh RA, Pourhassan B. Health risk assessment of occupational exposure to heavy metals in a steel casting unit of a steelmaking plant using Monte-Carlo simulation technique. Toxicol Ind Health 2021; 37:431-440. [PMID: 34096392 DOI: 10.1177/07482337211019593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The present work aimed to evaluate the health risks of occupational exposure to heavy metals in a steel casting unit of a steel plant. To determine occupational exposure to heavy metals, personal air samples were taken from the workers' breathing zones using the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health method. Noncancer and cancer risks due to the measured metals were calculated according to the United States Environmental Protection Agency procedures. The results indicated that the noncancer risks owing to occupational exposure to lead (Pb) and manganese were higher than the recommended value in most of the workstations. The estimated cancer risk of Pb was also higher than the allowable value. Moreover, the results of sensitivity analysis indicated that the concentration, inhalation rate, and exposure duration were the most influencing variables contributing to the calculated risks. It was thus concluded that the present control measures were not adequate and further improvements were required for reducing the exposure levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Dehghani
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fariborz Omidi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Reza Ali Fallahzadeh
- Genetic and Environmental Adventures Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Bahman Pourhassan
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Dehghani F, Omidi F, Yousefinejad S, Taheri E. The hierarchy of preventive measures to protect workers against the COVID-19 pandemic: A review. Work 2021; 67:771-777. [PMID: 33337399 DOI: 10.3233/wor-203330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The high spread rate of coronaviruses, specifically severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has raised concerns about the spread of the disease in crowded occupational environments. The risk of occupational exposure to coronavirus depends on the type of industry and the nature of work. Currently, most countries are working for reactivating their economies and need to improve working conditions for a safe situation during the COVID-19 pandemic. OBJECTIVE The present work aimed to investigate the current engineering and administrative control measures, which are necessary to protect workers against COVID-19 in workplaces. METHODS The current strategies, including engineering control, administrative control, personal protective equipment, and their efficiencies, were reviewed and discussed. RESULTS Reviewing the literature indicated that a collection of control approaches should be implemented for an effective control of the virus. Control measures could be selected based on the risk of exposure to COVID-19. The results also revealed that relying solely on a specific control measure could not effectively control the outbreak. CONCLUSION In conclusion, employers and health professionals must continually monitor international and local guidelines to identify changes in recommendations to make their workplaces safer. Establishment of an expert team in any workplace for the implementation of more effective control measures is warranted, as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Dehghani
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fariborz Omidi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Saeed Yousefinejad
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Elnaz Taheri
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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13
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Dehghani F, Kamalinia M, Omidi F, Fallahzadeh RA. Probabilistic health risk assessment of occupational exposure to isoflurane and sevoflurane in the operating room. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2021; 207:111270. [PMID: 32949927 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Risk assessment is an important tool in predicting the possible risk to health. It heightens awareness by estimating the probability of adverse health effects in humans who are exposed to chemicals in the course of their work. Therefore, the present work aims to determine the occupational exposure of operating room staff to the volatile anesthetic gases, isoflurane and sevoflurane, and estimates non-cancer risk using the United States Environmental Protection Agency method. Air samples from the breathing zone of staff members were collected using the Occupational Safety and Health Administration Method 103 and analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. The results indicate that the measured concentrations of isoflurane and sevoflurane are below the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health standard (2 ppm) for technicians and nurses, but not for anesthesiologists and surgeons. Moreover, the estimated non-cancer risk due to isoflurane is above the acceptable value for anesthesiologists (but acceptable for other occupational categories). A sensitivity analysis indicates that exposure time has the most effect on calculated risk (53.4%). Occupational exposure to anesthetic gases may endanger the health of operating room personnel. Therefore, control measures, such as daily testing of anesthetic devices, ensuring the effectiveness of ventilation systems, advanced scavenging methods, and regular training of staff are highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Dehghani
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Kamalinia
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Fariborz Omidi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Reza Ali Fallahzadeh
- Genetic and Environmental Adventures Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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14
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Omidi F, Dehghani F, Jamaleddin Shahtaheri S. N-doped mesoporous carbon as a new sorbent for ultrasonic-assisted dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction of 1-naphthol and 2-naphthol, the biomarkers of exposure to naphthalene, from urine samples. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2020; 1160:122353. [PMID: 32947191 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to optimize a new sample preparation method using N-doped mesoporous carbon sorbent for simultaneous measurement of 1-naphthol and 2-naphthol, the biomarkers of exposure to naphthalene. The samples were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography supplied with ultraviolet detector (HPLC-UV). N-doped mesoporous carbon sorbent was obtained via the hard template procedure. The synthesized nanosorbent was then characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), and elemental analysis (CHN). The effective factors in the extraction of the studied biomarkers were examined by the Box-Behnken (BBD) methodology. Regarding the optimum conditions, the sketched calibration curve for naphthols was linear in the concentration levels of 1-600 µg L-1 for human urine samples. The accuracy and reproducibility of the introduced method were determined using the relative recovery (RR %) and relative standard deviation (RSD %) tests on the fortified urine samples. RR% and RSD% were found to be 97.0-101.2% and 3.1-9.0%, respectively. The calculated method detection limit of the optimized procedure was 0.3 µg L-1 and 0.5 µg L-1 for 1-naphthol and 2-naphthol, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariborz Omidi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Dehghani
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Jamaleddin Shahtaheri
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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15
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Jahangiri M, Kolahi H, Dehghani F. Training through fit test and its role in knowledge, attitude and performance of workers regarding respiratory protective equipment: a case study in a petrochemical company. Int J Occup Saf Ergon 2020; 28:501-506. [PMID: 32746744 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2020.1796040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Background. Providing workers with respiratory protective equipment (RPE) is not enough to protect them. RPE should be selected correctly, worn properly and fitted adequately. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of training through fit test (TTFT) on knowledge, attitude and performance (KAP) of workers regarding a respiratory protection program. Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 110 respirator users in a petrochemical wastewater treatment plant. A structured questionnaire was developed to assess the KAP of workers before any intervention. After that, all participants were trained with a 15-min video-based training intervention and then the qualitative fit test was performed. Participants who failed in the fit test were retrained and the test was repeated. To assess the effect of TTFT, the KAP questionnaire was completed after 3 months. SPSS version 22.0 was used to analyze data. Results. There was a significant difference between knowledge, attitude and some of the unsafe behavior before and after TTFT. There was no person with a poor or very poor knowledge status after TTFT. Conclusion. TTFT could improve some unsafe behaviors associated with the user seal check. Moreover, TTFT could be considered an opportunity to improve workers' KAP regarding RPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Jahangiri
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Iran
| | - Hadi Kolahi
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Dehghani
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Iran
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16
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Dehghani F, Barkhordari-Sharifabad M, Sedaghati-Kasbakhi M, Fallahzadeh H. Effect of palliative care training on perceived self-efficacy of the nurses. BMC Palliat Care 2020; 19:63. [PMID: 32366232 PMCID: PMC7199299 DOI: 10.1186/s12904-020-00567-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nurses are involved in providing end-of-life care for end stage individuals and their self-efficacy is one of the key factors bearing on such care. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of palliative care on perceived self-efficacy of the nurses. Methods This is a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest design. Sampling was randomized and included 40 individuals. The intervention consisted of palliative care training for four sessions, each lasting 45 min. Data were collected using demographic and perceived self-efficacy questionnaires completed before and after the intervention. Data were then analyzed by SPSS 16 software using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results The mean age of the participants was 38.6 and their work experience was 14.25 years. The majority of the participants were female (85%) and had a bachelor level of education (92.5%). The findings showed that “perceived self-efficacy”, “psychosocial support” and “symptom management” improved significantly after intervention (p < 0.05). Conclusion Based on the results, palliative care education has the potential to increase nurses’ perceived self-efficacy. Since all members of the health care team Including nurses play an important role in providing palliative care, nursing managers can take an effective step to maximize the capacity of nurses by planning and supporting training in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Dehghani
- Department of Nursing, School of Medical Sciences, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shohadaye Gomnam Blvd., Safaiyeh, Yazd, 8916871967, Iran
| | - Maasoumeh Barkhordari-Sharifabad
- Department of Nursing, School of Medical Sciences, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shohadaye Gomnam Blvd., Safaiyeh, Yazd, 8916871967, Iran.
| | - Maryam Sedaghati-Kasbakhi
- Department of Nursing, School of Medical Sciences, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran
| | - Hossein Fallahzadeh
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran
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17
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Omidi F, Khadem M, Dehghani F, Seyedsomeah M, Shahtaheri SJ. Ultrasound-assisted dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction based on N-doped mesoporous carbon and high-performance liquid chromatographic determination of 1-hydroxypyrene in urine samples. J Sep Sci 2020; 43:2602-2609. [PMID: 32223065 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202000172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this research, a new ultrasound-assisted dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction method based on N-doped mesoporous carbon sorbent followed by high-performance liquid chromatography equipped with diode array detector for trace measurement of 1-hydroxypyrene as a metabolite of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was optimized. Herein, the hard template method was used for the preparation of N-doped mesoporous carbon sorbent. The prepared sorbent was characterized using the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method, transmission electron microscopy, and elemental analysis. Parameters affecting the extraction of the target metabolite were investigated using the Box-Behnken design method. Considering optimum parameters, the plotted calibration curve for 1-hydroxypyrene was linearly correlated with the concentration span of 0.1-50 μg/L for urine media. The accuracy of the optimized procedure was examined through the relative recovery tests on the fortified urine specimens. The relative recoveries fell between 95 and 101%. The method detection limit of the proposed procedure was also calculated to be 0.03 μg/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariborz Omidi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Monireh Khadem
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Dehghani
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mirghani Seyedsomeah
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Jamaleddin Shahtaheri
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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18
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Oveissi F, Naficy S, Lee A, Winlaw D, Dehghani F. Materials and manufacturing perspectives in engineering heart valves: a review. Mater Today Bio 2020; 5:100038. [PMID: 32211604 PMCID: PMC7083765 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2019.100038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Valvular heart diseases (VHD) are a major health burden, affecting millions of people worldwide. The treatments for such diseases rely on medicine, valve repair, and artificial heart valves including mechanical and bioprosthetic valves. Yet, there are countless reports on possible alternatives noting long-term stability and biocompatibility issues and highlighting the need for fabrication of more durable and effective replacements. This review discusses the current and potential materials that can be used for developing such valves along with existing and developing fabrication methods. With this perspective, we quantitatively compare mechanical properties of various materials that are currently used or proposed for heart valves along with their fabrication processes to identify challenges we face in creating new materials and manufacturing techniques to better mimick the performance of native heart valves.
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Key Words
- 3D printing
- Biofabrication
- Biomaterials
- E, Young's modulus
- Electrospinning
- Gal, galactose-α1,3-galactose
- GelMa, gelatin methacrylate
- HA, hyaluronic acid
- HAVIC, human aortic valvular interstitial cells
- MA-HA, methacrylated hyaluronic acid
- NeuGc, N-glycolylneuraminic acid
- P4HB, poly(4-hydroxybutyrate)
- PAAm, polyacrylamide
- PCE, polycitrate-(ε-polypeptide)
- PCL, polycaprolactone
- PE, polyethylene
- PEG, polyethylene glycol
- PEGDA, polyethylene glycol diacrylate
- PGA, poly(glycolic acid)
- PHA, poly(hydroxyalkanoate)
- PLA, polylactide
- PMMA, poly(methyl methacrylate)
- PPG, polypropylene glycol
- PTFE, polytetrafluoroethylene
- PU, polyurethane
- SIBS, poly(styrene-b-isobutylene-b-styrene)
- SMC, smooth muscle cells
- VHD, valvular heart disease
- VIC, aortic valve leaflet interstitial cells
- Valvular heart diseases
- dECM, decellularized extracellular matrix
- ePTFE, expanded PTFE
- xSIBS, crosslinked version of SIBS
- α-SMA, alpha-smooth muscle actin
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Oveissi
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - S. Naficy
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - A. Lee
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- Heart Centre for Children, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, New South Wales, 2145, Australia
| | - D.S. Winlaw
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- Heart Centre for Children, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, New South Wales, 2145, Australia
| | - F. Dehghani
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
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Falahati M, Dehghani F, Malakoutikhah M, Karimi A, Zare A, Yazdani Rad S. Using fuzzy logic approach to predict work-related musculoskeletal disorders among automotive assembly workers. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2019; 33:136. [PMID: 32280642 PMCID: PMC7137815 DOI: 10.34171/mjiri.33.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are considered an important health concern, particularly in automotive assembly industries. Evaluation of the effects of all MSDs risk factors is difficult due to its multifactorial nature. In addition, the risk factors cannot be detected accurately when they are only based on individual opinions. Thus, in this study, fuzzy logic tool was used to evaluate the combined effects of all risk factors on MSDs.
Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted on 100 male workers in an automotive industry. Job satisfaction, job stress, job fatigue, and body posture were evaluated by a self-reported questionnaire. Body posture was evaluated using Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA). Primary data analysis on extracting the input variables of MATLAB was performed by SPSS 22, with a significant level of 0.05. T test, one-way Anova, and Pearson correlation analysis were used to extract the input variables for the fuzzy logic model. The results obtained from the Nordic questionnaire was selected as the output of the fuzzy model. Fuzzy logic assessment was performed using MATLAB software version 7.0.
Results: There were significant differences between WMSDs factors, including job fatigue, strain, working posture, and the REBA final score, and pain in all limbs of the body (p<0.05). A significant difference was also found between working posture with wrist score (p<0.05). The findings on defuzzification showed a strong correlation between real and modelling results.
Conclusion: The results showed that many factors such as posture, fatigue, and strain affect MSDs. Based on the obtained results, all categories of risk factors, including personal, psychosocial, and occupational, should be considered to predict MSDs, which can be achieved by a modeling approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Falahati
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Dehghani
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Malakoutikhah
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Karimi
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asma Zare
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Yazdani Rad
- School of Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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Falahati M, Dehghani F, Malakoutikhah M, Karimi A, Zare A, Yazdani rad S. Using fuzzy logic approach to predict work-related musculoskeletal disorders among automotive assembly workers. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2019. [DOI: 10.47176/mjiri.33.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Dehghani F, Sadeghi N, Azarbarzin M. Effect of active listening on life expectancy of mothers who has children with cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.29252/ijca.1.3.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Rasras S, Kalantari H, Rezaei M, Dehghani MA, Zeidooni L, Alikarami K, Dehghani F, Alboghobeish S. Single-walled and multiwalled carbon nanotubes induce oxidative stress in isolated rat brain mitochondria. Toxicol Ind Health 2019; 35:497-506. [PMID: 31272286 DOI: 10.1177/0748233719856983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are broadly applicable across a variety of industrial fields. Despite their usefulness in many different applications, oxidative stress-induced toxicity of SWCNTs and MWCNTs has not been widely investigated. The present study examined the effects of SWCNTs and MWCNTs on rat brain mitochondria using the 3,4 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and indices of reactive oxygen species (ROS), based on measurements of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and mitochondrial membrane potential. Based on the MTT assay, exposure to SWCNTs and MWCNTs decreased mitochondrial survival and viability in a dose-dependent manner. Findings also indicated that MWCNTs and SWCNTs could damage mitochondrial membranes and induce the formation of ROS, as indicated by increased levels of MDA and decreased GSH content. The results of this study suggest that SWCNTs and MWCNTs likely damage brain tissue mitochondria by increasing oxidative stress and possibly activating the apoptosis pathway as well as other pathways of cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh Rasras
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Heibatullah Kalantari
- 2 Department of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rezaei
- 3 Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Toxicology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Dehghani
- 2 Department of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Leila Zeidooni
- 2 Department of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Khashayar Alikarami
- 4 School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Dehghani
- 5 Department of Genetic, Faculty of Medicin, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Soheila Alboghobeish
- 6 Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Student Research Committee of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the possible relationship between the morphology of maxilla and the palatally displaced canines (PDC). MATERIALS AND METHODS In this cross-sectional study, there were 101 patients (45 males, 56 females) aged 12 to 16years, referred to Hamadan school of dentistry in 2014. They were divided into 3 groups: the bilateral PDC (PDCb) group (male=15, female=21), the unilateral PDC (PDCu) group (male=16, female=19), and the control group (male=14, female=16). Five morphology related variables including intermolar width, maxillary arch length, palatal vault depth, palatal intermolar area, and nasal width were measured using CBCT images with Dolphin Imaging software, version 11.5. Statistical analysis was performed with ANOVA and the Dunnett test using SPSS software, version 16.0. RESULTS Only the palatal intermolar area and the palatal vault depth values were significantly less in the PDCu and the PDCb groups than those in the control group (the palatal intermolar area: 376.17, 381.93, and 423.75mm2, the palatal vault depth: 13.19, 13.42, and 14.59mm; respectively; P<0.05). For all the variables, there was no statistically significant difference between the PDCu and PDCb groups. CONCLUSION Decreased palatal vault depth and palatal intermolar area may be correlated with greater chance of palatal displacement of canines. Future prospective studies in mixed dentition patients are needed as a predictive factor to find the probability of PDC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirfarhang Miresmaeili
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental school, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Abbas Shokri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Salemi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Dehghani
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental school, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Vahid Shahidi-Zandi
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
| | | | - Maryam Shahdoost
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Center for Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Shammugasamy B, Valtchev P, Dehghani F, Dong Q. The role of citrus peel extract in inhibiting progression and recurrence of prostate cancer. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy047.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Yazdanirad S, Khoshakhlagh AH, Habibi E, Zare A, Zeinodini M, Dehghani F. Comparing the Effectiveness of Three Ergonomic Risk Assessment Methods-RULA, LUBA, and NERPA-to Predict the Upper Extremity Musculoskeletal Disorders. Indian J Occup Environ Med 2018; 22:17-21. [PMID: 29743780 PMCID: PMC5932905 DOI: 10.4103/ijoem.ijoem_23_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Musculoskeletal disorders are a major problem in all jobs. Several methods are available for assessing the exposure to risk factors associated with musculoskeletal disorders. This study is aimed at comparing three different ergonomic risk assessment methods—rapid upper limb assessment (RULA), loading on the upper body assessment (LUBA), and new ergonomic posture assessment (NERPA) method—to predict upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 210 workers from three different industries including pharmaceutical, automotive, and assembly in the Isfahan province. A Nordic questionnaire was used for determining the levels of musculoskeletal disorders. Then, selected postures were evaluated with RULA, LUBA, and NERPA methods. Finally, data were analyzed with Kolmogorov–Smirnov test to check the normality distribution of data, Spearman's correlation test to investigate the correlation between the assessed levels with musculoskeletal disorders, and Wilcoxon test to identify significant differences between the values with SPSS version 16. Results: Wilcoxon test revealed a significant difference between the values related to NERPA and RULA (P < 0.001), whereas no significant relation between LUBA and RULA was shown by this test (P = 0.914). The correlation coefficients of the musculoskeletal disorders' level with RULA level, NERPA level, and LUBA level were 0.74, 0.73, and 0.69, respectively. Conclusion: Low-risk levels in NERPA, medium-risk levels in LUBA, and high-risk levels in RULA are evaluated better. The results showed that RULA was the best method for assessing musculoskeletal disorders among the three methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Yazdanirad
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Khoshakhlagh
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ehsanollah Habibi
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Asma Zare
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Zeinodini
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Dehghani
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Dehghani F, Abbasinia M, Heidari A, Mohammad Salehi N, Firoozi F, Shakeri M. Patient’s View about the Protection of Privacy by Healthcare Practitioners in Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Qom, Iran. IJN 2016. [DOI: 10.29252/ijn.28.98.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Niknami M, Dehghani F, Bouraki S, Kazemnejad E, Soleimani R. An assessment of the stressors and ways of coping in Iranian medical sciences students. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res 2015; 20:521-5. [PMID: 26257811 PMCID: PMC4525354 DOI: 10.4103/1735-9066.161009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Background: Several studies have reported that medical sciences students are usually dealing with severe stress. However, no study is available on ways of coping in medical sciences students in Iran. As socio-cultural factors may affect the students’ responses toward stress, this study aimed to investigate the stressors and ways of coping among students of Guilan University of Medical Sciences (GUMS). Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 487 randomly selected students in GUMS in 2012. The student stress scale and Lazarus ways of coping scale were used for data collection. Descriptive statistics were calculated. Also, Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests, Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests, and logistic regression analysis were utilized for data analysis. cross-sectional study was conducted on 487 randomly selected students in GUMS in 2012. The student stress scale and Lazarus ways of coping scale were used for data collection. Descriptive statistics were calculated. Also, Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests, Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests, and logistic regression analysis were utilized for data analysis. Results: In the majority of students (61.4%), interpersonal factors were the dominant stressor. Most of the students used problem-focused ways of coping (79.7%). Chi-square test showed a significant relationship between gender and ways of coping (P = 0.03). Conclusions: Interpersonal sources of stress were the most common stressors among the medical sciences students. Establishing workshops on communication skills and effective counseling system are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Niknami
- Department of Nursing, Rasht School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Dehghani
- Department of Nursing, Rasht School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Shahnaz Bouraki
- Department of Nursing, Rasht School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ehsan Kazemnejad
- Department of Biostatistics, Social Science Research Centre, Rasht School of Nursing and midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Robabe Soleimani
- Department of Psychology, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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Ernst J, Schädlich K, Fischer B, Dehghani F. The endocannabinoid system – Another missing link in endocrine disrupting effects of DEHP? Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1547727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Cheng TL, Valtchev P, Murphy CM, Cantrill LC, Dehghani F, Little DG, Schindeler A. A sugar-based phase-transitioning delivery system for bone tissue engineering. Eur Cell Mater 2013; 26:208-21; discussion 220-1. [PMID: 24146213 DOI: 10.22203/ecm.v026a15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering approaches commonly involve the delivery of recombinant human bone morphogenetic proteins (rhBMPs). However, there are limitations associated with the currently used carriers, including the need for surgical implantation and the associated increase in infection risk. As an alternative to traditional porous collagen sponge, we have adopted a solution of the injectable sucrose acetate isobutyrate (SAIB) as a carrier for rhBMP-2. The ability to deliver rhBMP-2 and other agents by injection reduces the infection risk and lesion size whilst in surgery, with the potential to avoid open surgery altogether in some indications. The primary methodology used for this in vivo study was a C57BL6/J mouse ectopic bone formation model. Specimens were examined by x-ray, microCT, and histology at 3 weeks. SAIB was delivered non-invasively and produced up to 3-fold greater bone volume compared to collagen. To further refine and improve upon the formulation, SAIB containing rhBMP-2 was admixed with candidate compounds including ceramic microparticles, anti-resorptives, and cell signalling inhibitors and further tested in vivo. The formulation combining SAIB/rhBMP-2, the bisphosphonate zoledronic acid (ZA), and hydroxyapatite (HA) microparticles yielded a 10-fold greater bone volume than SAIB/rhBMP-2 alone. To investigate the mechanism underlying the synergy between ZA and HA, we used in vitro binding assays and in vivo fluorescent biodistribution studies to demonstrate that ceramic particles could bind and sequester the bisphosphonate. These data show the utility of SAIB as a non-invasive rhBMP delivery system as well as describing an optimised formulation for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- T L Cheng
- Orthopaedic Research & Biotechnology, Research Building, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Locked Bag 4001, Westmead, NSW 2145,
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Ahangari Z, Alborzi S, Yadegari Z, Dehghani F, Ahangari L, Naseri M. The effect of propolis as a biological storage media on periodontal ligament cell survival in an avulsed tooth: an in vitro study. Cell J 2013; 15:244-9. [PMID: 24027666 PMCID: PMC3769607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2012] [Accepted: 01/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Both the length of extra-alveolar time and type of storage media are significant factors that can affect the long-term prognosis of replanted teeth. This study aims to compare propolis 50%, propolis 10%, Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS), milk and egg white on periodontal ligament (PDL) cell survival for different time points. MATERIALS AND METHODS : In this in vitro experimental study, we divided 60 extracted teeth without any periodontal diseases into five experimental and two control groups that consisted each experimental group with 10 and each control group with 5 teeth. The storage times were one and three hours for each media. The controls corresponded to 0-minute (positive) and 12-hour (negative) dry time. Rinsing in the experimental media, the teeth were treated with dispase and collagenase for one hour. Cell viability was determined by using trypan blue exclusion. Statistical analysis of the data was accomplished by using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) complemented by the Tukey's HSD post-hoc. RESULTS Within one hour, there was no significant difference between the two propolis groups, however these two groups had significantly more viable PDL cells compared to the other experimental media (p<0.05). The results of the three-hour group showed that propolis 10% was significantly better than egg white, whereas both propolis 10% and 50% were significantly better than milk (p<0.05). CONCLUSION Based on PDL cell viability, propolis could be recommended as a suitable biological storage media for avulsed teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Ahangari
- Department of Endodontics, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samiye Alborzi
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Yadegari
- Oral Biology Laboratory, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Dehghani
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Ahangari
- Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch,Tehran, Iran
| | - Mandana Naseri
- Department of Endodontics, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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* Corresponding Address: Department of EndodonticsDental SchoolShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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Ravarian R, Wei H, Dehghani F. Improving the bioactivity of bioglass/ (PMMA-co-MPMA) organic/inorganic hybrid. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2012; 2011:3593-6. [PMID: 22255116 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2011.6090601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Binary system of CaO-SiO(2) glasses enables the apatite formation in simulated body fluid (SBF). However, the presence of phosphate content in SiO(2)-CaO-P(2)O(5) glasses leads to the formation of orthophosphate nanocrystalline nuclei, which facilitates the generation of carbonate hydroxyapatite; this compound is more compatible with natural bone. The brittle and less flexible properties of bioactive glasses are the major obstacle for their application as bone implant. The hybridization of essential constituents of bioactive glasses and glass-ceramics with polymers such as PMMA can improve their poor mechanical properties. The aim of this study was to improve the bioactivity of nanocomposites fabricated from poly(methyl metacrylate) (PMMA) and bioglass for bone implant applications. Bioglass compounds with various phosphate contents were used for the preparation of PMMA/bioglass hybrid matrices. Since the lack of adhesion between the two phases impedes the homogenous composite formation, a silane coupling agent such as 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylates (MPMA) was incorporated into the polymer structure. The effect of addition of MPMA on the molecular structure of composite was investigated. Furthermore, the presence of MPMA in the system improved the homogeneity of sample. Increasing phosphate content in the inorganic segment of hybrid up to 10 mol% resulted in the formation of apatite layer on the surface; hence the hybrid was bioactive and suitable candidate for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ravarian
- University of Sydney, School of Chemical and Biomolecularengineering, Sydney, Australia.
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Dehghani F, Haji Molla Hoseini M, Memarnejadian A, Yeganeh F, Rezaie AM, Khaze V, Sattari M, Darbandi Tamijani H, Labibi F, Mossaffa N. Immunomodulatory activities of chitin microparticles on Leishmania major-infected murine macrophages. Arch Med Res 2011; 42:572-6. [PMID: 22154683 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2011.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2011] [Accepted: 10/26/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chitin microparticles (CMPs) are found to be potent macrophage stimulators; however, their immunomodulatory effects on the parasite-infected macrophages have not yet been studied. To address this issue, we used a Leishmania major-infected murine macrophage model and characterized the regulatory effects of CMPs on the parasite-infected cells. METHODS Mouse peritoneal macrophages were prepared and infected with L. major (MRHO/IR/1975/ER) standard strain. Following cell treatment with CMPs (500 μg/mL) for 48 h, percent of infected macrophages was determined by Giemsa staining and compared with untreated cells. To find the potential mechanisms of the activity of CMPs, TNF-α and accumulated nitrite in the culture supernatants of the treated and untreated cells were also measured by ELISA and colorimetric Griess assays, respectively. RESULTS According to the obtained results, chitin microparticles reduced the ex vivo parasite infectivity by ∼12%. However, this inhibitory effect was not directly related to the increased biosynthesis and release of nitric oxide (NO) by macrophages. Instead, we observed a significant increase in the level of TNF-α secretion due to cell treatment with CMPs. Interestingly, this overexpression of TNF-α did not impair cell viability, suggesting the anti-apoptotic effects of the CMPs. CONCLUSIONS These findings show that chitin microparticles have immunomodulatory effects on L. major-infected macrophages and further provide motivations for future studies on their in vivo effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Dehghani
- Department of Immunology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
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Dehghani F, Panjehshahin MR, Mirzaee Z, Mehrabani D. Effect ofFoeniculum vulgareOrganic Extract on Blood Sex Hormones and Reproductive Tissues of Male Rats. Journal of Applied Animal Research 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2005.9706529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Dehghani F, Sayan M, Conrad A, Evers J, Ghadban C, Blaheta R, Korf HW, Hailer NP. Inhibition of microglial and astrocytic inflammatory responses by the immunosuppressant mycophenolate mofetil. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2011; 36:598-611. [PMID: 20609108 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2990.2010.01104.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Nucleotide depletion induced by the immunosuppressant mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) has been shown to exert neuroprotective effects. It remains unclear whether nucleotide depletion directly counteracts neuronal demise or whether it inhibits microglial or astrocytic activation, thereby resulting in indirect neuroprotection. METHODS Effects of MMF on isolated microglial cells, astrocyte/microglial cell co-cultures and isolated hippocampal neurones were analysed by immunocytochemistry, quantitative morphometry, and elisa. RESULTS We found that: (i) MMF suppressed lipopolysaccharide-induced microglial secretion of interleukin-1β, tumour necrosis factor-α and nitric oxide; (ii) MMF suppressed lipopolysaccharide-induced astrocytic production of tumour necrosis factor-α but not of nitric oxide; (iii) MMF strongly inhibited proliferation of both microglial cells and astrocytes; (iv) MMF did not protect isolated hippocampal neurones from excitotoxic injury; and (v) effects of MMF on glial cells were reversed after treatment with guanosine. CONCLUSIONS Nucleotide depletion induced by MMF inhibits microglial and astrocytic activation. Microglial and astrocytic proliferation is suppressed by MMF-induced inhibition of the salvage pathway enzyme inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase. The previously observed neuroprotection after MMF treatment seems to be indirectly mediated, making this compound an interesting immunosuppressant in the treatment of acute central nervous system lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Dehghani
- Dr. Senckenbergische Anatomie, Institute of Anatomy 2, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Althaus J, Siegelin MD, Dehghani F, Cilenti L, Zervos AS, Rami A. The serine protease Omi/HtrA2 is involved in XIAP cleavage and in neuronal cell death following focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. Neurochem Int 2006; 50:172-80. [PMID: 16978742 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2006.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2006] [Revised: 07/04/2006] [Accepted: 07/31/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Omi/HtrA2 is a pro-apoptotic mitochondrial serine protease involved in both forms of apoptosis, caspase-dependent as well as caspase-independent cell death. However, the impact of Omi/HtrA2 in the apoptotic cell machinery that takes place in vivo under pathological conditions such as cerebral ischemia remains unknown. The present study was monitored in order to examine whether Omi/HtrA2 plays a decisive role in apoptosis observed after focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Male adult rats were subjected to 90min of focal cerebral ischemia followed by reperfusion and treated with vehicle or ucf-101, a novel and specific Omi/HtrA2 inhibitor, prior reperfusion. Focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion induced a mitochondrial up-regulation of Omi/HtrA2 and significantly increased cytosolic accumulation of Omi/HtrA2. Furthermore, ischemia led to activation of caspase-3 and degradation X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP). Treatment of animals prior ischemia with ucf-101, the specific inhibitor of Omi/HtrA2, was able to (1) reduce the number of TUNEL-positive cells, to (2) attenuate the XIAP-breakdown and to (3) reduce the infarct size. This study shows for the first time that focal cerebral ischemia in rats results in Omi/HtrA2 translocation from the mitochondria to the cytosol, where it participates in neuronal cell death. Blocking the proteolytic activity of Omi/HtrA2 with specific inhibitors, such as the ucf-101, could be a novel way to afford neuroprotection and minimize cellular damage in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Althaus
- Institut für Zelluläre und Molekulare Anatomie (Anatomie III), Johann Wolfgang von Goethe-Universität, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Franfurt, Main, Germany
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Panjehshahin M, Dehghani F. The effect of glycerol on microscopic structure of heart: An experimental model in rat. Toxicol Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2006.07.297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Panjehshahin M, Bahmanpoor S, Dehghani F. Toxic effect of cyclosporine A on the volume of thymus in mice (a stereological study). Toxicol Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2006.06.230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Dehghani F, Khozani TT, Panjehshahin MR, Karbalaedoost S. Effect of Teucrium polium on histology and histochemistry in rat stomach. Indian J Gastroenterol 2005; 24:126-7. [PMID: 16041113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Panjehshahin M, Dehghani F, Dezfullian R. 356 Toxic effect of aqueous coffee extract on male rat kidney (stereological study). Toxicol Lett 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4274(03)90355-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Talaei T, Panjehshahin M, Dehghani F, Panahi Z. 406 Toxic effects of hydro alcoholic extract of Kiwi on the histological structure of the male reproductive tissue. Toxicol Lett 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4274(03)90405-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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42
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Kohl A, Dehghani F, Korf HW, Hailer NP. The bisphosphonate clodronate depletes microglial cells in excitotoxically injured organotypic hippocampal slice cultures. Exp Neurol 2003; 181:1-11. [PMID: 12710928 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-4886(02)00049-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The bisphosphonate clodronate, clinically used in the treatment of osteoporosis, is known to deplete cells of the monocytic lineage. Using an in vitro model of excitotoxic damage in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures (OHSC), we investigated whether clodronate can also prevent microglial activation that occurs in CNS pathologies. Lesioning of OHSC was performed by application of 50 microM N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) for 4 h after 6 days in vitro (div). Treatment of lesioned OHSC with clodronate (1000, 100, or 10 microg/ml) resulted in an almost complete abrogation of the microglial reaction after 3 further div: Confocal laser scanning microscopy showed that the number of Griffonia simplicifolia isolectin B(4)-labeled (IB4+) microglial cells in the dentate gyrus (DG) was reduced to 4.25% compared with OHSC treated with NMDA alone. Continuous treatment with clodronate (100 or 10 microg/ml) of lesioned OHSC for 9 days resulted in a further reduction in the number of microglial cells (reduction to 2.72%). The number of degenerating, propidium iodide-labeled (PI(+)) neurons in lesioned OHSC that received clodronate treatment between 6 and 9 div was not significantly different from OHSC treated with NMDA alone. However, the number of PI(+) neurons in lesioned OHSC that received continuous clodronate treatment for 9 div was significantly higher when compared to NMDA-lesioned OHSC. In summary, clodronate is able to reduce microglial activation induced by excitotoxic neuronal injury. Our results demonstrate that clodronate is a useful tool in the investigation of neuron-glia interactions because it induces an efficient depletion of microglial cells that are activated after excitotoxic CNS injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kohl
- University Hospital for Orthopaedic Surgery Friedrichsheim, Marienburgstrasse 2, D-60528 Frankfurt am Main, Federal Republic of Germany
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43
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44
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Abstract
The dissolution rate of a drug into the biological environment can be enhanced by forming complexes with cyclodextrins and their derivatives. In this study, ibuprofen-methyl-beta-cyclodextrin complexes were prepared successfully by passing ibuprofen-laden CO(2) through a methyl-beta-cyclodextrin packed bed. The maximum drug loading obtained in this work was 10.8 wt.%, which was comparable to that of a 1:1 complex (13.6 wt.% of ibuprofen). The complex exhibited instantaneous dissolution profiles in water solution. The enhanced dissolution rate was attributed to the amorphous character and improved wettability of the product.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Charoenchaitrakool
- School of Chemical Engineering and Industrial Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
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45
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46
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Schöniger S, Kopp MDA, Schomerus C, Maronde E, Dehghani F, Meiniel A, Rodríguez M, Korf HW, Nürnberger F. Effects of neuroactive substances on the activity of subcommissural organ cells in dispersed cell and explant cultures. Cell Tissue Res 2002; 307:101-14. [PMID: 11810318 DOI: 10.1007/s004410100466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2001] [Accepted: 08/21/2001] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The subcommissural organ (SCO), an ependymal (glial) circumventricular organ, releases glycoproteins into the cerebrospinal fluid; however, the regulation of its secretory activity is largely unknown. To identify neuroactive substances that may regulate SCO activity, we investigated immunocytochemically identified bovine SCO cells by means of calcium imaging. This analysis was focused on: (1) serotonin (5HT) and substance P (SP), immunocytochemically shown to be present in axons innervating the bovine SCO; and (2) ATP, known to activate glial cells. 5HT had no effect on the intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)), and its precise role remains to be clarified. SP elicited rises in [Ca(2+)](i) in approx. 30% and ATP in even 85% of the analyzed SCO cells. These effects were dose-dependent, involved NK(3) and P2Y(2) receptors linked to G protein and phospholipase C (PLC) activation, and could not be mimicked by forskolin or 8-bromo-cAMP. In 50% of the SP-sensitive cells, the increases in [Ca(2+)](i) comprised calcium release from thapsigargin-sensitive intracellular stores and an influx of extracellular calcium via protein kinase C (PKC)-induced opening of L-type voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs). In the remaining SP-sensitive cells, the increase in [Ca(2+)](i) was caused exclusively by influx of extracellular calcium via VGCCs of the L-type. In all ATP-sensitive cells the increase in [Ca(2+)](i) involved calcium release from thapsigargin-sensitive intracellular stores and a PKC-mediated influx of extracellular calcium via L-type VGCCs. Our data suggest that SP and ATP are involved in regulation of the activity of SCO cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Schöniger
- Institut für Anatomie II, Fachbereich Medizin, J.W. Goethe-Universität, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
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47
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Kopp MD, Meissl H, Dehghani F, Korf HW. The pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide modulates glutamatergic calcium signalling: investigations on rat suprachiasmatic nucleus neurons. J Neurochem 2001; 79:161-71. [PMID: 11595768 DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00553.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms generated by the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) are synchronized with the external light/dark cycle by photic information transmitted directly from the retina via the retinohypothalamic tract (RHT). The RHT contains the neurotransmitters glutamate and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), which code chemically for 'light' or 'darkness' information, respectively. We investigated interactions of PACAP and glutamate by analysing effects on the second messenger calcium in individual SCN neurons using the Fura-2 technique. PACAP did not affect NMDA-mediated calcium increases, but influenced signalling cascades of non-NMDA glutamate receptors, which in turn can regulate NMDA receptors. On the one hand, PACAP amplified/induced glutamate-dependent calcium increases by interacting with alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionate (AMPA)/kainate signalling. This was not related to direct PACAPergic effects on the second messengers cAMP and calcium. On the other hand, PACAP reduced/inhibited calcium increases elicited by glutamate acting on metabotropic receptors. cAMP analogues mimicked this inhibition. Most neurons displaying PACAPergic neuromodulation were immunoreactive for vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, which is a marker for retinorecipient SCN neurons. The observed PACAPergic effects provide a broad range of interactions that allow a fine-tuning of the endogenous clock by the integration of 'light' and 'darkness' information on the level of single SCN neurons.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Calcium/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Cyclic AMP/pharmacology
- Drug Interactions
- Fluorescent Dyes
- Fura-2
- Glutamic Acid/pharmacology
- Glutamic Acid/physiology
- N-Methylaspartate/physiology
- Neurons/drug effects
- Neurons/metabolism
- Neuropeptides/pharmacology
- Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptors, Glutamate/drug effects
- Receptors, Glutamate/physiology
- Receptors, Kainic Acid/drug effects
- Receptors, Kainic Acid/physiology
- Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate/drug effects
- Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate/physiology
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/drug effects
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/physiology
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Suprachiasmatic Nucleus/cytology
- alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid/metabolism
- alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Kopp
- Max-Planck-Institut für Hirnforschung, Frankfurt, Germany
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Hailer NP, Wirjatijasa F, Roser N, Hischebeth GT, Korf HW, Dehghani F. Astrocytic factors protect neuronal integrity and reduce microglial activation in an in vitro model of N-methyl-D-aspartate-induced excitotoxic injury in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures. Eur J Neurosci 2001; 14:315-26. [PMID: 11553282 DOI: 10.1046/j.0953-816x.2001.01649.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Acute CNS lesions lead to neuronal injury and a parallel glial activation that is accompanied by the release of neurotoxic substances. The extent of the original neuronal damage can therefore be potentiated in a process called secondary damage. As astrocytes are known to secrete immunomodulatory and neuroprotective substances, we investigated whether astrocytic factors can attenuate the amount of neuronal injury as well as the degree of microglial activation in a model of excitotoxic neurodegeneration. Treatment of organotypic hippocampal slice cultures with N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) resulted in a reproducible loss of viable granule cells, partial destruction of the regular hippocampal cytoarchitecture and a concomitant accumulation of amoeboid microglial cells at sites of neuronal damage. Astrocyte-conditioned media reduced the amount of NMDA-induced neuronal injury by 45.3%, diminished the degree of microglial activation and resulted in an improved preservation of the hippocampal cytoarchitecture. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta failed to act as a neuroprotectant and even enhanced the amount of neuronal injury by 52.5%. Direct effects of astrocytic factors on isolated microglial cells consisted of increased microglial ramification and down-regulated expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1, whereas incubation with TGF-beta had no such effects. In summary, our findings show that hitherto unidentified astrocyte-derived factors that are probably not identical with TGF-beta can substantially enhance neuronal survival, either by eliciting direct neuroprotective effects or by modulating the microglial response to neuronal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- N P Hailer
- University Hospital for Orthopaedic Surgery, Friedrichsheim, Marienburgstr. 2, D-60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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von Gall C, Schneider-Hüther I, Pfeffer M, Dehghani F, Korf HW, Stehle JH. Clock gene protein mPER1 is rhythmically synthesized and under cAMP control in the mouse pineal organ. J Neuroendocrinol 2001; 13:313-6. [PMID: 11264717 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2826.2001.00643.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian clock gene Per1 is an important element of endogenous oscillators that control daily rhythms in central and peripheral tissues. Although such autonomous clock function is lost in the mammalian pineal gland during evolution, mPer1 mRNA and mPER1 protein were found to be strongly elevated in the mouse pineal organ during the dark period compared to daytime values. In vitro studies showed that mPer1 mRNA and mPER1 protein in mouse pineal gland are induced following the activation of a signalling pathway of fundamental importance for pineal physiology, the norepinephrine/cAMP/phosphoCREB cascade. mPER1 may function in the mouse pineal gland as a time-measuring molecule to participate in regulating rhythmic cellular responses in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- C von Gall
- Institute of Anatomy II, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
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50
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Fleming I, Michaelis UR, Bredenkötter D, Fisslthaler B, Dehghani F, Brandes RP, Busse R. Endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor synthase (Cytochrome P450 2C9) is a functionally significant source of reactive oxygen species in coronary arteries. Circ Res 2001; 88:44-51. [PMID: 11139472 DOI: 10.1161/01.res.88.1.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 305] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In the porcine coronary artery, a cytochrome P450 (CYP) isozyme homologous to CYP 2C8/9 has been identified as an endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF) synthase. As some CYP enzymes are reported to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), we hypothesized that the coronary EDHF synthase may modulate vascular homeostasis by the simultaneous production of ROS and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids. In bradykinin-stimulated coronary arteries, antisense oligonucleotides against CYP 2C almost abolished EDHF-mediated responses but potentiated nitric oxide (NO)-mediated relaxation. The selective CYP 2C9 inhibitor sulfaphenazole and the superoxide anion (O(2-)) scavengers Tiron and nordihydroguaretic acid also induced a leftward shift in the NO-mediated concentration-relaxation curve to bradykinin. CYP activity and O(2-) production, determined in microsomes prepared from cells overexpressing CYP 2C9, were almost completely inhibited by sulfaphenazole. Sulfaphenazole did not alter the activity of either CYP 2C8, the leukocyte NADPH oxidase, or xanthine oxidase. ROS generation in coronary artery rings, visualized using either ethidium or dichlorofluorescein fluorescence, was detected under basal conditions. The endothelial signal was attenuated by CYP 2C antisense treatment as well as by sulfaphenazole. In isolated coronary endothelial cells, bradykinin elicited a sulfaphenazole-sensitive increase in ROS production. Although 11,12 epoxyeicosatrienoic acid attenuated the activity of nuclear factor-kappaB in cultured human endothelial cells, nuclear factor-kappaB activity was enhanced after the induction or overexpression of CYP 2C9, as was the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1. These results suggest that a CYP isozyme homologous to CYP 2C9 is a physiologically relevant generator of ROS in coronary endothelial cells and modulates both vascular tone and homeostasis.
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MESH Headings
- 15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid/pharmacology
- 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid/analogs & derivatives
- 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid/pharmacology
- Animals
- Bradykinin/pharmacology
- Cell Line
- Cells, Cultured
- Coronary Vessels/drug effects
- Coronary Vessels/enzymology
- Coronary Vessels/physiology
- Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/drug effects
- Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/genetics
- Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/metabolism
- Cytochrome P450 Family 2
- DNA, Antisense/pharmacology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Endothelium, Vascular/cytology
- Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Humans
- In Vitro Techniques
- NADPH Oxidases/drug effects
- NADPH Oxidases/metabolism
- NF-kappa B/metabolism
- Nitric Oxide/physiology
- Oxygenases/drug effects
- Oxygenases/genetics
- Oxygenases/metabolism
- Potassium Chloride/pharmacology
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism
- Sulfaphenazole/pharmacology
- Swine
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/pharmacology
- Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1/metabolism
- Vasodilation/drug effects
- Xanthine Oxidase/drug effects
- Xanthine Oxidase/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- I Fleming
- Institut für Kardiovaskuläre Physiologie, Universität, Frankfurt, Germany
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