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Todaro F, Colangelo F, De Gisi S, Farina I, Ferone C, Labianca C, Petrella A, Cioffi R, Notarnicola M. Recycling of Contaminated Marine Sediment and Industrial By-Products through Combined Stabilization/Solidification and Granulation Treatment. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:ma16062399. [PMID: 36984279 PMCID: PMC10054810 DOI: 10.3390/ma16062399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Stabilization/solidification (S/S) is becoming increasingly important, as it allows the remediation of contaminated sediments and their recovery into materials for civil engineering. This research proposes a cement-free cold granulation process for manufactured low-cost aggregates from marine sediments contaminated with organic compounds and metals. After the chemo-physical characterization of the study materials, two mix designs were prepared in a rotary plate granulator by adding two industrial by-products as geopolymer precursors, coal fly ash (CFA) and Blast Furnace Slag (BFS), but also alkaline activation solutions, water, and a fluidizer. The results indicated that sediments treated with mix 1 (i.e., with a higher percentage of water and fluidifier) represent the optimal solution in terms of metal leachability. The metal leachability was strictly influenced by aggregates' porosity, density, and microstructure. The technical performance (such as the aggregate impact value > 30%) suggested the use of granules as lightweight aggregates for pavement construction. The results indicated that cold granulation represents a sustainable solution to recycling contaminated marine sediments, CFA, and BFS into lightweight artificial aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Todaro
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building Engineering and Chemistry (DICATECh), Polytechnic University of Bari, Via E. Orabona n. 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Colangelo
- Department of Engineering and INSTM Research Unit, University of Naples “Parthenope”, Centro Direzionale, Isola C4, 80143 Naples, Italy
| | - Sabino De Gisi
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building Engineering and Chemistry (DICATECh), Polytechnic University of Bari, Via E. Orabona n. 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Ilenia Farina
- Department of Engineering and INSTM Research Unit, University of Naples “Parthenope”, Centro Direzionale, Isola C4, 80143 Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Ferone
- Department of Engineering and INSTM Research Unit, University of Naples “Parthenope”, Centro Direzionale, Isola C4, 80143 Naples, Italy
| | - Claudia Labianca
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Andrea Petrella
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building Engineering and Chemistry (DICATECh), Polytechnic University of Bari, Via E. Orabona n. 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Raffaele Cioffi
- Department of Engineering and INSTM Research Unit, University of Naples “Parthenope”, Centro Direzionale, Isola C4, 80143 Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Notarnicola
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building Engineering and Chemistry (DICATECh), Polytechnic University of Bari, Via E. Orabona n. 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
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Coppola L, Beretta S, Bignozzi MC, Bolzoni F, Brenna A, Cabrini M, Candamano S, Caputo D, Carsana M, Cioffi R, Coffetti D, Colangelo F, Crea F, De Gisi S, Diamanti MV, Ferone C, Frontera P, Gastaldi MM, Labianca C, Lollini F, Lorenzi S, Manzi S, Marroccoli M, Notarnicola M, Ormellese M, Pastore T, Pedeferri M, Petrella A, Redaelli E, Roviello G, Telesca A, Todaro F. The Improvement of Durability of Reinforced Concretes for Sustainable Structures: A Review on Different Approaches. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:ma15082728. [PMID: 35454421 PMCID: PMC9029423 DOI: 10.3390/ma15082728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The topic of sustainability of reinforced concrete structures is strictly related with their durability in aggressive environments. In particular, at equal environmental impact, the higher the durability of construction materials, the higher the sustainability. The present review deals with the possible strategies aimed at producing sustainable and durable reinforced concrete structures in different environments. It focuses on the design methodologies as well as the use of unconventional corrosion-resistant reinforcements, alternative binders to Portland cement, and innovative or traditional solutions for reinforced concrete protection and prevention against rebars corrosion such as corrosion inhibitors, coatings, self-healing techniques, and waterproofing aggregates. Analysis of the scientific literature highlights that there is no preferential way for the production of “green” concrete but that the sustainability of the building materials can only be achieved by implementing simultaneous multiple strategies aimed at reducing environmental impact and improving both durability and performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Coppola
- Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Università di Bergamo, Viale Marconi 5, 24044 Dalmine, Italy; (M.C.); (D.C.); (S.L.); (T.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-035-205-2316
| | - Silvia Beretta
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy; (S.B.); (F.B.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (M.V.D.); (M.M.G.); (F.L.); (M.O.); (M.P.); (E.R.)
| | - Maria Chiara Bignozzi
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Università di Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy; (M.C.B.); (S.M.)
| | - Fabio Bolzoni
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy; (S.B.); (F.B.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (M.V.D.); (M.M.G.); (F.L.); (M.O.); (M.P.); (E.R.)
| | - Andrea Brenna
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy; (S.B.); (F.B.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (M.V.D.); (M.M.G.); (F.L.); (M.O.); (M.P.); (E.R.)
| | - Marina Cabrini
- Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Università di Bergamo, Viale Marconi 5, 24044 Dalmine, Italy; (M.C.); (D.C.); (S.L.); (T.P.)
| | - Sebastiano Candamano
- Department of Mechanical, Energy and Management Engineering, Università della Calabria, Via Bucci-Cubo 46C, 87036 Rende, Italy; (S.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Domenico Caputo
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Engineering, Università “Federico II” di Napoli, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy;
| | - Maddalena Carsana
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy; (S.B.); (F.B.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (M.V.D.); (M.M.G.); (F.L.); (M.O.); (M.P.); (E.R.)
| | - Raffaele Cioffi
- Department of Engineering, Università Parthenope di Napoli, Via Amm. Acton 38, 80133 Naples, Italy; (R.C.); (F.C.); (C.F.); (G.R.)
| | - Denny Coffetti
- Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Università di Bergamo, Viale Marconi 5, 24044 Dalmine, Italy; (M.C.); (D.C.); (S.L.); (T.P.)
| | - Francesco Colangelo
- Department of Engineering, Università Parthenope di Napoli, Via Amm. Acton 38, 80133 Naples, Italy; (R.C.); (F.C.); (C.F.); (G.R.)
| | - Fortunato Crea
- Department of Mechanical, Energy and Management Engineering, Università della Calabria, Via Bucci-Cubo 46C, 87036 Rende, Italy; (S.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Sabino De Gisi
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building Engineering and Chemistry, Politecnico di Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy; (S.D.G.); (C.L.); (M.N.); (A.P.); (F.T.)
| | - Maria Vittoria Diamanti
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy; (S.B.); (F.B.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (M.V.D.); (M.M.G.); (F.L.); (M.O.); (M.P.); (E.R.)
| | - Claudio Ferone
- Department of Engineering, Università Parthenope di Napoli, Via Amm. Acton 38, 80133 Naples, Italy; (R.C.); (F.C.); (C.F.); (G.R.)
| | - Patrizia Frontera
- Department of Civil Engineering, Energy, Environmental and Materials, Università Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, Via dell’Università 25, 89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy;
| | - Matteo Maria Gastaldi
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy; (S.B.); (F.B.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (M.V.D.); (M.M.G.); (F.L.); (M.O.); (M.P.); (E.R.)
| | - Claudia Labianca
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building Engineering and Chemistry, Politecnico di Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy; (S.D.G.); (C.L.); (M.N.); (A.P.); (F.T.)
| | - Federica Lollini
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy; (S.B.); (F.B.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (M.V.D.); (M.M.G.); (F.L.); (M.O.); (M.P.); (E.R.)
| | - Sergio Lorenzi
- Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Università di Bergamo, Viale Marconi 5, 24044 Dalmine, Italy; (M.C.); (D.C.); (S.L.); (T.P.)
| | - Stefania Manzi
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Università di Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy; (M.C.B.); (S.M.)
| | - Milena Marroccoli
- School of Engineering, Università della Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (M.M.); (A.T.)
| | - Michele Notarnicola
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building Engineering and Chemistry, Politecnico di Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy; (S.D.G.); (C.L.); (M.N.); (A.P.); (F.T.)
| | - Marco Ormellese
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy; (S.B.); (F.B.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (M.V.D.); (M.M.G.); (F.L.); (M.O.); (M.P.); (E.R.)
| | - Tommaso Pastore
- Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Università di Bergamo, Viale Marconi 5, 24044 Dalmine, Italy; (M.C.); (D.C.); (S.L.); (T.P.)
| | - MariaPia Pedeferri
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy; (S.B.); (F.B.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (M.V.D.); (M.M.G.); (F.L.); (M.O.); (M.P.); (E.R.)
| | - Andrea Petrella
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building Engineering and Chemistry, Politecnico di Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy; (S.D.G.); (C.L.); (M.N.); (A.P.); (F.T.)
| | - Elena Redaelli
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy; (S.B.); (F.B.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (M.V.D.); (M.M.G.); (F.L.); (M.O.); (M.P.); (E.R.)
| | - Giuseppina Roviello
- Department of Engineering, Università Parthenope di Napoli, Via Amm. Acton 38, 80133 Naples, Italy; (R.C.); (F.C.); (C.F.); (G.R.)
| | - Antonio Telesca
- School of Engineering, Università della Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (M.M.); (A.T.)
| | - Francesco Todaro
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building Engineering and Chemistry, Politecnico di Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy; (S.D.G.); (C.L.); (M.N.); (A.P.); (F.T.)
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Colangelo F, Petrillo A, Farina I. Comparative environmental evaluation of recycled aggregates from construction and demolition wastes in Italy. Sci Total Environ 2021; 798:149250. [PMID: 34332383 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns requires urgent actions to combat climate change and its impacts as established by Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In this context, this study demonstrates the feasibility to produce structural concrete using recycled aggregates from construction and demolition waste in Italy. More specifically, the present research aims to analyze the environmental impacts caused by five mixtures of concrete, with similar mechanical properties and workability, but with a different amount of recycled coarse aggregate and natural coarse aggregate (0% - 30% - 50% - 70% - 100%). Fixed plant and a mobile plant treatments are investigated as two different modes of production of recycled aggregates. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology is applied to achieve this goal. The main results demonstrate that mixtures formed by recycled coarse aggregates have a better environmental impacts than the only one formed exclusively by natural coarse aggregates and results improve when the amount of recycled coarse aggregate is higher.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Colangelo
- Department of Engineering, University of Naples "Parthenope", Centro Direzionale, Isola C4, 80143 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Antonella Petrillo
- Department of Engineering, University of Naples "Parthenope", Centro Direzionale, Isola C4, 80143 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Ilenia Farina
- Department of Engineering, University of Naples "Parthenope", Centro Direzionale, Isola C4, 80143 Napoli, Italy.
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Delishaj D, Fumagalli IC, Ursino S, Cristaudo A, Colangelo F, Stefanelli A, Alghisi A, De Nobili G, D’Amico R, Cocchi A, Ardizzoia A, Soatti CP. Neoadjuvant radiotherapy dose escalation for locally advanced rectal cancers in the new era of radiotherapy: A review of literature. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:9077-9089. [PMID: 34786390 PMCID: PMC8567526 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i30.9077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The standard treatment of locally advanced rectal cancers (LARC) consists on neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by total mesorectal excision. Different data in literature showed a benefit on tumor downstaging and pathological complete response (pCR) rate using radiotherapy dose escalation, however there is shortage of studies regarding dose escalation using the innovative techniques for LARC (T3-4 or N1-2).
AIM To analyze the role of neoadjuvant radiotherapy dose escalation for LARC using innovative radiotherapy techniques.
METHODS In December 2020, we conducted a comprehensive literature search of the following electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane library. The limit period of research included articles published from January 2009 to December 2020. Screening by title and abstract was carried out to identify only studies using radiation doses equivalent dose 2 Gy fraction (EQD2) ≥ 54 Gy and Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT), intensity-modulated radiotherapy or image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) techniques. The authors’ searches generated a total of 2287 results and, according to PRISMA Group (2009) screening process, 21 publications fulfil selection criteria and were included for the review.
RESULTS The main radiotherapy technique used consisted in VMAT and IGRT modality. The mainly dose prescription was 55 Gy to high risk volume and 45 Gy as prophylactic volume in 25 fractions given with simultaneous integrated boosts technique (42.85%). The mean pCR was 28.2% with no correlation between dose prescribed and response rates (P value ≥ 0.5). The R0 margins and sphincter preservation rates were 98.88% and 76.03%, respectively. After a mean follow-up of 35 months local control was 92.29%. G3 or higher toxicity was 11.06% with no correlation between dose prescription and toxicities. Patients receiving EQD2 dose > 58.9 Gy and BED > 70.7 Gy had higher surgical complications rates compared to other group (P value = 0.047).
CONCLUSION Dose escalation neoadjuvant radiotherapy using innovative techniques is safe for LARC achieving higher rates of pCR. EQD2 doses > 58.9 Gy is associated with higher rate of surgical complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durim Delishaj
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Alessandro Manzoni Hospital, Lecco 23900, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Ursino
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Santa Chiara University Hospital, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Agostino Cristaudo
- Royal Preston Hospital, Lancashire Teaching Hospital- NHS Tust, Preston PR2 9HT, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Colangelo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Alessandro Manzoni Hospital, Lecco 23900, Italy
| | - Antonio Stefanelli
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, Ferrara 44124, Italy
| | - Alessandro Alghisi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Alessandro Manzoni Hospital, Lecco 23900, Italy
| | - Giuseppe De Nobili
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Alessandro Manzoni Hospital, Lecco 23900, Italy
| | - Romerai D’Amico
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Alessandro Manzoni Hospital, Lecco 23900, Italy
| | - Alessandra Cocchi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Alessandro Manzoni Hospital, Lecco 23900, Italy
| | - Antonio Ardizzoia
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Alessandro Manzoni Hospital, Lecco 23900, Italy
| | - Carlo Pietro Soatti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Alessandro Manzoni Hospital, Lecco 23900, Italy
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Delishaj D, D'amico R, Corvi D, De Nobili G, Alghisi A, Colangelo F, Cocchi A, Declich F, Soatti CP. Management of grade 3 acute dermatitis with moist desquamation after adjuvant chest wall radiotherapy: a case report. Radiat Oncol J 2020; 38:287-290. [PMID: 33389984 PMCID: PMC7785838 DOI: 10.3857/roj.2020.00983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
We reported a successful case management of G3 skin acute dermatitis in a 32-year-old woman affected by locally advanced breast cancer underwent adjuvant chest wall irradiation. Skin acute toxicity with dry desquamation areas was treated daily with dressing medication using physiological solution, oxygen therapy and applying hyaluronic acid gauze. At the end of radiotherapy treatment, G3 skin acute dermatitis with moist desquamation was observed, so the patient continued advanced wound dressing shifted to twice weekly with physiological solution, oxygen therapy and applying hydrocolloid dressing. The patient completed radiotherapy treatment without interruption and one month after treatment acute skin toxicity was resolved with pain relief. We suggest that advanced dressing with trained nursing staff is essential in this sub-set of patients due to guaranteed continuation of radiotherapy treatment, indispensable to ensure patient cure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durim Delishaj
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Alessandro Manzoni Hospital, Lecco, Italy
| | - Romerai D'amico
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Alessandro Manzoni Hospital, Lecco, Italy
| | - Daniela Corvi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Alessandro Manzoni Hospital, Lecco, Italy
| | - Giuseppe De Nobili
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Alessandro Manzoni Hospital, Lecco, Italy
| | - Alessandro Alghisi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Alessandro Manzoni Hospital, Lecco, Italy
| | - Francesco Colangelo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Cocchi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Alessandro Manzoni Hospital, Lecco, Italy
| | - Fausto Declich
- Medical Physics Unit, Alessandro Manzoni Hospital, Lecco, Italy
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Meregalli S, Baroni S, Julita C, Bonetto E, Panizza D, Montanari G, Colangelo F, Arcangeli S. PO-1466: Dosimetric comparison 3D vs VMAT tecniques in a pediatric population treated for Hodgkin's Lymphoma. Radiother Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)01484-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Farina I, Singh N, Colangelo F, Luciano R, Bonazzi G, Fraternali F. High-Performance Nylon-6 Sustainable Filaments for Additive Manufacturing. Materials (Basel) 2019; 12:ma12233955. [PMID: 31795290 PMCID: PMC6926620 DOI: 10.3390/ma12233955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study deals with the development of Nylon-6 fused deposition modeling (FDM) filaments for additive manufacturing, which couples high mechanical performances with eco-sustainability. These filaments were extruded from recycled Nylon-6 granulates through a dedicated twin-screw extrusion line, which processes either pure Nylon-6 grains, or mixtures of such a material with minor fractions of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and titanium dioxide (TiO2). The rheological and thermal properties of the investigated filaments are analyzed, including melt flow index, melting temperature, and decomposition temperature, which are of the utmost importance when avoiding the overheating and decomposition of the material. Such a study is conducted in both pre-extrusion and post-extrusion conditions. The tensile strength, the wear resistance, and the printability of the examined recycled Nylon-6 filaments are also studied by comparing the properties of such filaments with those exhibited by different nylon-based filaments for FDM that are available in the market. The given results show that the recycling of Nylon-6 through the “caprolactam” regeneration route enables the newly formed material to retain high physical and mechanical properties, such as tensile strength at yield in the interval 55.79–86.91 MPa. Referring to the basic composition of the filaments examined in the present study, this remarkably high-yield strength is accompanied by a Young modulus of 1.64 GPa, and wear resistance of 92 µm, under a 15 min/1 kg load pin-on-disk test carried at the sliding speed of 250 rpm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilenia Farina
- Department of Engineering, University of Naples “Parthenope”, Centro Direzionale di Napoli, Isola C4, 80143 Naples, Italy; (I.F.); (F.C.); (R.L.)
| | - Narinder Singh
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy;
| | - Francesco Colangelo
- Department of Engineering, University of Naples “Parthenope”, Centro Direzionale di Napoli, Isola C4, 80143 Naples, Italy; (I.F.); (F.C.); (R.L.)
| | - Raimondo Luciano
- Department of Engineering, University of Naples “Parthenope”, Centro Direzionale di Napoli, Isola C4, 80143 Naples, Italy; (I.F.); (F.C.); (R.L.)
| | - Giulio Bonazzi
- Aquafil s.p.a., via Linfano 9, 38062 Arco (Trento), Italy;
| | - Fernando Fraternali
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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Singh R, Kumar R, Farina I, Colangelo F, Feo L, Fraternali F. Multi-Material Additive Manufacturing of Sustainable Innovative Materials and Structures. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E62. [PMID: 30960046 PMCID: PMC6401995 DOI: 10.3390/polym11010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper highlights the multi-material additive manufacturing (AM) route for manufacturing of innovative materials and structures. Three different recycled thermoplastics, namely acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polylactic acid (PLA), and high impact polystyrene (HIPS) (with different Young's modulus, glass transition temperature, rheological properties), have been selected (as a case study) for multi-material AM. The functional prototypes have been printed on fused deposition modelling (FDM) setup as tensile specimens (as per ASTM D638 type-IV standard) with different combinations of top, middle, and bottom layers (of ABS/PLA/HIPS), at different printing speed and infill percentage density. The specimens were subjected to thermal (glass transition temperature and heat capacity) and mechanical testing (peak load, peak strength, peak elongation, percentage elongation at peak, and Young's modulus) to ascertain their suitability in load-bearing structures, and the fabrication of functional prototypes of mechanical meta-materials. The results have been supported by photomicrographs to observe the microstructure of the analyzed multi-materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupinder Singh
- Department of Production Engineering, Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Ludhiana 141006, India.
| | - Ranvijay Kumar
- Department of Production Engineering, Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Ludhiana 141006, India.
| | - Ilenia Farina
- Department of Engineering, University of Naples Parthenope, 80143 Naples, Italy.
| | - Francesco Colangelo
- Department of Engineering, University of Naples Parthenope, 80143 Naples, Italy.
| | - Luciano Feo
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy.
| | - Fernando Fraternali
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy.
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Coppola L, Bellezze T, Belli A, Bignozzi MC, Bolzoni F, Brenna A, Cabrini M, Candamano S, Cappai M, Caputo D, Carsana M, Casnedi L, Cioffi R, Cocco O, Coffetti D, Colangelo F, Coppola B, Corinaldesi V, Crea F, Crotti E, Daniele V, De Gisi S, Delogu F, Diamanti MV, Di Maio L, Di Mundo R, Di Palma L, Donnini J, Farina I, Ferone C, Frontera P, Gastaldi M, Giosuè C, Incarnato L, Liguori B, Lollini F, Lorenzi S, Manzi S, Marino O, Marroccoli M, Mascolo MC, Mavilia L, Mazzoli A, Medici F, Meloni P, Merlonetti G, Mobili A, Notarnicola M, Ormellese M, Pastore T, Pedeferri MP, Petrella A, Pia G, Redaelli E, Roviello G, Scarfato P, Scoccia G, Taglieri G, Telesca A, Tittarelli F, Todaro F, Vilardi G, Yang F. Binders alternative to Portland cement and waste management for sustainable construction-part 1. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2018; 16:186-202. [PMID: 29996741 DOI: 10.1177/2280800018782845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This review presents "a state of the art" report on sustainability in construction materials. The authors propose different solutions to make the concrete industry more environmentally friendly in order to reduce greenhouse gases emissions and consumption of non-renewable resources. Part 1-the present paper-focuses on the use of binders alternative to Portland cement, including sulfoaluminate cements, alkali-activated materials, and geopolymers. Part 2 will be dedicated to traditional Portland-free binders and waste management and recycling in mortar and concrete production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Coppola
- 1 Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Bergamo, Italy
| | - Tiziano Bellezze
- 2 Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Alberto Belli
- 2 Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Bignozzi
- 3 Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabio Bolzoni
- 4 Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials, Politecnico di Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Brenna
- 4 Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials, Politecnico di Milano, Italy
| | - Marina Cabrini
- 1 Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Bergamo, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Candamano
- 5 Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, University of Calabria, Italy
| | - Marta Cappai
- 6 Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Domenico Caputo
- 7 Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Italy
| | - Maddalena Carsana
- 4 Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials, Politecnico di Milano, Italy
| | - Ludovica Casnedi
- 6 Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Raffaele Cioffi
- 8 Department of Engineering, University of Naples Parthenope, Italy
| | - Ombretta Cocco
- 6 Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Denny Coffetti
- 1 Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Bergamo, Italy
| | | | | | - Valeria Corinaldesi
- 2 Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Fortunato Crea
- 5 Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, University of Calabria, Italy
| | - Elena Crotti
- 1 Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Bergamo, Italy
| | - Valeria Daniele
- 10 Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Sabino De Gisi
- 11 Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building Engineering and Chemistry, Politecnico di Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Delogu
- 6 Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Luciano Di Maio
- 9 Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Italy
| | - Rosa Di Mundo
- 11 Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building Engineering and Chemistry, Politecnico di Bari, Italy
| | - Luca Di Palma
- 12 Department of Chemical Engineering, Materials and Environment, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Jacopo Donnini
- 2 Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Ilenia Farina
- 8 Department of Engineering, University of Naples Parthenope, Italy
| | - Claudio Ferone
- 8 Department of Engineering, University of Naples Parthenope, Italy
| | - Patrizia Frontera
- 13 Department of Civil Engineering, Energy, Environment and Materials, Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Matteo Gastaldi
- 4 Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials, Politecnico di Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Giosuè
- 2 Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Barbara Liguori
- 7 Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Italy
| | - Federica Lollini
- 4 Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials, Politecnico di Milano, Italy
| | - Sergio Lorenzi
- 1 Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Bergamo, Italy
| | - Stefania Manzi
- 3 Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Ottavio Marino
- 7 Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Italy
| | | | - Maria Cristina Mascolo
- 15 Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Italy
| | - Letterio Mavilia
- 16 Department of Heritage, Architecture and Urban Planning, University of Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Alida Mazzoli
- 2 Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Franco Medici
- 12 Department of Chemical Engineering, Materials and Environment, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Meloni
- 6 Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Glauco Merlonetti
- 2 Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Alessandra Mobili
- 2 Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Michele Notarnicola
- 11 Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building Engineering and Chemistry, Politecnico di Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Ormellese
- 4 Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials, Politecnico di Milano, Italy
| | - Tommaso Pastore
- 1 Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Bergamo, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Pedeferri
- 4 Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials, Politecnico di Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Petrella
- 11 Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building Engineering and Chemistry, Politecnico di Bari, Italy
| | - Giorgio Pia
- 6 Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Elena Redaelli
- 4 Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials, Politecnico di Milano, Italy
| | | | - Paola Scarfato
- 9 Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Scoccia
- 10 Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Giuliana Taglieri
- 10 Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L'Aquila, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Tittarelli
- 2 Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesco Todaro
- 11 Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building Engineering and Chemistry, Politecnico di Bari, Italy
| | - Giorgio Vilardi
- 12 Department of Chemical Engineering, Materials and Environment, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Fan Yang
- 4 Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials, Politecnico di Milano, Italy
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Coppola L, Bellezze T, Belli A, Bignozzi MC, Bolzoni F, Brenna A, Cabrini M, Candamano S, Cappai M, Caputo D, Carsana M, Casnedi L, Cioffi R, Cocco O, Coffetti D, Colangelo F, Coppola B, Corinaldesi V, Crea F, Crotti E, Daniele V, De Gisi S, Delogu F, Diamanti MV, Di Maio L, Di Mundo R, Di Palma L, Donnini J, Farina I, Ferone C, Frontera P, Gastaldi M, Giosuè C, Incarnato L, Liguori B, Lollini F, Lorenzi S, Manzi S, Marino O, Marroccoli M, Mascolo MC, Mavilia L, Mazzoli A, Medici F, Meloni P, Merlonetti G, Mobili A, Notarnicola M, Ormellese M, Pastore T, Pedeferri MP, Petrella A, Pia G, Redaelli E, Roviello G, Scarfato P, Scoccia G, Taglieri G, Telesca A, Tittarelli F, Todaro F, Vilardi G, Yang F. Binders alternative to Portland cement and waste management for sustainable construction - Part 2. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2018; 16:207-221. [PMID: 29991308 DOI: 10.1177/2280800018782852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The paper represents the "state of the art" on sustainability in construction materials. In Part 1 of the paper, issues related to production, microstructures, chemical nature, engineering properties, and durability of mixtures based on binders alternative to Portland cement were presented. This second part of the paper concerns the use of traditional and innovative Portland-free lime-based mortars in the conservation of cultural heritage, and the recycling and management of wastes to reduce consumption of natural resources in the production of construction materials. The latter is one of the main concerns in terms of sustainability since nowadays more than 75% of wastes are disposed of in landfills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Coppola
- 1 Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Tiziano Bellezze
- 2 Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Alberto Belli
- 2 Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Maria C Bignozzi
- 3 Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabio Bolzoni
- 4 Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Brenna
- 4 Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Cabrini
- 1 Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Candamano
- 5 Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Marta Cappai
- 6 Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Domenico Caputo
- 7 Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Maddalena Carsana
- 4 Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Ludovica Casnedi
- 6 Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Raffaele Cioffi
- 8 Department of Engineering, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy
| | - Ombretta Cocco
- 6 Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Denny Coffetti
- 1 Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy
| | | | - Bartolomeo Coppola
- 9 Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Valeria Corinaldesi
- 2 Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Fortunato Crea
- 5 Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Elena Crotti
- 1 Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Valeria Daniele
- 10 Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Sabino De Gisi
- 11 Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building Engineering and Chemistry, Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Delogu
- 6 Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maria V Diamanti
- 4 Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Luciano Di Maio
- 9 Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Rosa Di Mundo
- 11 Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building Engineering and Chemistry, Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Luca Di Palma
- 12 Department of Chemical Engineering, Materials and Environment, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Jacopo Donnini
- 2 Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Ilenia Farina
- 8 Department of Engineering, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Ferone
- 8 Department of Engineering, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy
| | - Patrizia Frontera
- 13 Department of Civil Engineering, Energy, Environment and Materials, Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria, Reggio di Calabria, Italy
| | - Matteo Gastaldi
- 4 Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Giosuè
- 2 Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Loredana Incarnato
- 9 Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Barbara Liguori
- 7 Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Lollini
- 4 Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sergio Lorenzi
- 1 Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Stefania Manzi
- 3 Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ottavio Marino
- 7 Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Milena Marroccoli
- 14 School of Engineering, University of Basilicata, Potenza and Matera, Italy
| | - Maria C Mascolo
- 15 Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, Italy
| | - Letterio Mavilia
- 16 Department of Heritage, Architecture and Urban Planning, University of Reggio Calabria, Reggio di Calabria, Italy
| | - Alida Mazzoli
- 2 Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Franco Medici
- 12 Department of Chemical Engineering, Materials and Environment, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Meloni
- 6 Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Glauco Merlonetti
- 2 Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Alessandra Mobili
- 2 Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Michele Notarnicola
- 11 Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building Engineering and Chemistry, Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Ormellese
- 4 Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Tommaso Pastore
- 1 Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Pedeferri
- 4 Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Petrella
- 11 Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building Engineering and Chemistry, Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Giorgio Pia
- 6 Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Elena Redaelli
- 4 Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Paola Scarfato
- 9 Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Scoccia
- 10 Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Giuliana Taglieri
- 10 Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Antonio Telesca
- 14 School of Engineering, University of Basilicata, Potenza and Matera, Italy
| | - Francesca Tittarelli
- 2 Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesco Todaro
- 11 Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building Engineering and Chemistry, Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Giorgio Vilardi
- 12 Department of Chemical Engineering, Materials and Environment, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fan Yang
- 4 Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Colangelo F, Petrillo A, Cioffi R, Borrelli C, Forcina A. Life cycle assessment of recycled concretes: A case study in southern Italy. Sci Total Environ 2018; 615:1506-1517. [PMID: 29055592 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Concrete industry is responsible of the most significant contribution to the global warming due to the large amount of substances with environmental impacts produced during its entire life cycle (production process, construction, maintenance, dismantlement, and scrapping). The most important issue characterizing the concrete industry is related to the constant growth of consumption of natural aggregates. The purpose of the present research is to apply the standard protocol of life cycle assessment to 3 different concrete mixtures composed by wastes from construction and demolition (C&D), marble sludge and cement kiln dust (CDK) in order to compare the environmental and energy impacts. The main purpose is to analyze the potentials (capabilities/benefits) of recycled aggregate concrete. The proposed model analyses 37 recovery possible scenarios. The results were analyzed with the software SimaPro© and with the life cycle impact assessment method Eco Indicator 99. The results show how it is possible to decide for the optimal solution in order to reduce emissions and impacts due to the concrete production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Colangelo
- Department of Engineering, University of Naples "Parthenope", Isola C4, Centro Direzionale Napoli, 80143 Napoli (NA), Italy.
| | - Antonella Petrillo
- Department of Engineering, University of Naples "Parthenope", Isola C4, Centro Direzionale Napoli, 80143 Napoli (NA), Italy.
| | - Raffaele Cioffi
- Department of Engineering, University of Naples "Parthenope", Isola C4, Centro Direzionale Napoli, 80143 Napoli (NA), Italy.
| | - Claudia Borrelli
- Department of Engineering, University of Naples "Parthenope", Isola C4, Centro Direzionale Napoli, 80143 Napoli (NA), Italy.
| | - Antonio Forcina
- Department of Engineering, University of Naples "Parthenope", Isola C4, Centro Direzionale Napoli, 80143 Napoli (NA), Italy.
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12
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Palumbo G, Iadicicco A, Messina F, Ferone C, Campopiano S, Cioffi R, Colangelo F. Characterization of Early Age Curing and Shrinkage of Metakaolin-Based Inorganic Binders with Different Rheological Behavior by Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors. Materials (Basel) 2017; 11:ma11010010. [PMID: 29271912 PMCID: PMC5793508 DOI: 10.3390/ma11010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports results related to early age temperature and shrinkage measurements by means fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs), which were embedded in geopolymer matrices. The sensors were properly packaged in order to discriminate between different shrinkage behavior and temperature development. Geopolymer systems based on metakaolin were investigated, which dealt with different commercial aluminosilicate precursors and siliceous filler contents. The proposed measuring system will allow us to control, in a very accurate way, the early age phases of the binding systems made by metakaolin geopolymer. A series of experiments were conducted on different compositions; moreover, rheological issues related to the proposed experimental method were also assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Palumbo
- Department of Engineering, University of Naples "Parthenope", Centro Direzionale Isola C4, 80143 Naples, Italy.
| | - Agostino Iadicicco
- Department of Engineering, University of Naples "Parthenope", Centro Direzionale Isola C4, 80143 Naples, Italy.
| | - Francesco Messina
- Department of Engineering, University of Naples "Parthenope", Centro Direzionale Isola C4, 80143 Naples, Italy.
- Research Group Naples Parthenope, National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via Giuseppe Giusti, 9, 50121 Florence, Italy.
| | - Claudio Ferone
- Department of Engineering, University of Naples "Parthenope", Centro Direzionale Isola C4, 80143 Naples, Italy.
- Research Group Naples Parthenope, National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via Giuseppe Giusti, 9, 50121 Florence, Italy.
| | - Stefania Campopiano
- Department of Engineering, University of Naples "Parthenope", Centro Direzionale Isola C4, 80143 Naples, Italy.
| | - Raffaele Cioffi
- Department of Engineering, University of Naples "Parthenope", Centro Direzionale Isola C4, 80143 Naples, Italy.
- Research Group Naples Parthenope, National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via Giuseppe Giusti, 9, 50121 Florence, Italy.
| | - Francesco Colangelo
- Department of Engineering, University of Naples "Parthenope", Centro Direzionale Isola C4, 80143 Naples, Italy.
- Research Group Naples Parthenope, National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via Giuseppe Giusti, 9, 50121 Florence, Italy.
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Colangelo F, Piazza V, Coletti C, Roddaro S, Beltram F, Pingue P. Local anodic oxidation on hydrogen-intercalated graphene layers: oxide composition analysis and role of the silicon carbide substrate. Nanotechnology 2017; 28:105709. [PMID: 28177936 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aa59c7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We investigate nanoscale local anodic oxidation (LAO) on hydrogen-intercalated graphene grown by controlled sublimation of silicon carbide (SiC). Scanning probe microscopy was used as a lithographic and characterization tool in order to investigate the local properties of the nanofabricated structures. The anomalous thickness observed after the graphene oxidation process is linked to the impact of LAO on the substrate. Micro-Raman (μ-Raman) spectroscopy was employed to demonstrate the presence of two oxidation regimes depending on the applied bias. We show that partial and total etching of monolayer graphene can be achieved by tuning the bias voltage during LAO. Finally, a complete compositional characterization was achieved by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Colangelo
- Laboratorio NEST-Scuola Normale Superiore & Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Piazza San Silvestro 12, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
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Baldacci L, Pitanti A, Masini L, Arcangeli A, Colangelo F, Navarro-Urrios D, Tredicucci A. Thermal noise and optomechanical features in the emission of a membrane-coupled compound cavity laser diode. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31489. [PMID: 27538586 PMCID: PMC4990904 DOI: 10.1038/srep31489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate the use of a compound optical cavity as linear displacement detector, by measuring the thermal motion of a silicon nitride suspended membrane acting as the external mirror of a near-infrared Littrow laser diode. Fluctuations in the laser optical power induced by the membrane vibrations are collected by a photodiode integrated within the laser, and then measured with a spectrum analyzer. The dynamics of the membrane driven by a piezoelectric actuator is investigated as a function of air pressure and actuator displacement in a homodyne configuration. The high Q-factor (~3.4 · 10(4) at 8.3 · 10(-3) mbar) of the fundamental mechanical mode at ~73 kHz guarantees a detection sensitivity high enough for direct measurement of thermal motion at room temperature (~87 pm RMS). The compound cavity system here introduced can be employed as a table-top, cost-effective linear displacement detector for cavity optomechanics. Furthermore, thanks to the strong optical nonlinearities of the laser compound cavity, these systems open new perspectives in the study of non-Markovian quantum properties at the mesoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Baldacci
- NEST, CNR Istituto Nanoscienze and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127, Pisa, (Italy)
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127, Pisa, (Italy)
| | - Alessandro Pitanti
- NEST, CNR Istituto Nanoscienze and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127, Pisa, (Italy)
| | - Luca Masini
- NEST, CNR Istituto Nanoscienze and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127, Pisa, (Italy)
| | - Andrea Arcangeli
- NEST, CNR Istituto Nanoscienze and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127, Pisa, (Italy)
| | - Francesco Colangelo
- NEST, CNR Istituto Nanoscienze and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127, Pisa, (Italy)
| | - Daniel Navarro-Urrios
- NEST, CNR Istituto Nanoscienze and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127, Pisa, (Italy)
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIS and the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, (Spain)
| | - Alessandro Tredicucci
- NEST, CNR Istituto Nanoscienze and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, Largo Pontecorvo 3, 56127, Pisa, (Italy)
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Colangelo F, Messina F, Cioffi R. Recycling of MSWI fly ash by means of cementitious double step cold bonding pelletization: Technological assessment for the production of lightweight artificial aggregates. J Hazard Mater 2015; 299:181-191. [PMID: 26124064 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this work, an extensive study on the recycling of municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash by means of cold bonding pelletization is presented. The ash comes from an incineration plant equipped with rotary and stoker furnaces, in which municipal, hospital and industrial wastes are treated. Fly ash from waste incineration is classified as hazardous and cannot be utilized or even landfilled without prior treatment. The pelletization process uses cement, lime and coal fly ash as components of the binding systems. This process has been applied to several mixes in which the ash content has been varied from 50% (wt.%) up to a maximum of 70%. An innovative additional pelletization step with only cementitious binder has been performed in order to achieve satisfactory immobilization levels. The obtained lightweight porous aggregates are mostly suitable for recovery in the field of building materials with enhanced sustainability properties. Density, water absorption and crushing strength ranged from 1000 to 1600 kg/m(3), 7 to 16% and 1.3 to 6.2 MPa, respectively, and the second pelletization step increased stabilization efficiency. The feasibility of the process has been analyzed by testing also concrete specimens containing the artificial aggregates, resulting in lightweight concrete of average performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Colangelo
- Department of Engineering, University of Naples 'Parthenope' Centro Direzionale, Isola C4, 80143 Naples, Italy; INSTM, Consorzio Interuniversitario per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali, Via G. Giusti, 9. 50121 Firenze, Italy.
| | - Francesco Messina
- Department of Engineering, University of Naples 'Parthenope' Centro Direzionale, Isola C4, 80143 Naples, Italy; INSTM, Consorzio Interuniversitario per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali, Via G. Giusti, 9. 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Raffaele Cioffi
- Department of Engineering, University of Naples 'Parthenope' Centro Direzionale, Isola C4, 80143 Naples, Italy; INSTM, Consorzio Interuniversitario per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali, Via G. Giusti, 9. 50121 Firenze, Italy
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Molino B, De Vincenzo A, Ferone C, Messina F, Colangelo F, Cioffi R. Recycling of Clay Sediments for Geopolymer Binder Production. A New Perspective for Reservoir Management in the Framework of Italian Legislation: The Occhito Reservoir Case Study. Materials (Basel) 2014; 7:5603-5616. [PMID: 28788149 PMCID: PMC5456177 DOI: 10.3390/ma7085603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2014] [Revised: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Reservoir silting is an unavoidable issue. It is estimated that in Italy, the potential rate of silting-up in large reservoirs ranges from 0.1% to 1% in the presence of wooded river basins and intensive agricultural land use, respectively. In medium and small-sized reservoirs, these values vary between 0.3% and 2%. Considering both the types of reservoirs, the annual average loss of storage capacity would be of about 1.59%. In this paper, a management strategy aimed at sediment productive reuse is presented. Particularly, the main engineering outcomes of an extensive experimental program on geopolymer binder synthesis is reported. The case study deals with Occhito reservoir, located in Southern Italy. Clay sediments coming from this silted-up artificial lake were characterized, calcined and activated, by means of a wide set of alkaline activating solutions. The results showed the feasibility of this recovery process, optimizing a few chemical parameters. The possible reuse in building material production (binders, precast concrete, bricks, etc.) represents a relevant sustainable alternative to landfill and other more consolidated practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Molino
- Department of Biotechnology and Territory, University of Molise, Campobasso 86100, Italy; E-Mail:
| | | | - Claudio Ferone
- Department of Engineering, University of Naples “Parthenope”, Centro Direzionale Isola C4, Naples 80143, Italy; E-Mails: (C.F.); (F.C.); (R.C.)
| | - Francesco Messina
- Department of Engineering, University of Naples “Parthenope”, Centro Direzionale Isola C4, Naples 80143, Italy; E-Mails: (C.F.); (F.C.); (R.C.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +39-081-547-67-46
| | - Francesco Colangelo
- Department of Engineering, University of Naples “Parthenope”, Centro Direzionale Isola C4, Naples 80143, Italy; E-Mails: (C.F.); (F.C.); (R.C.)
| | - Raffaele Cioffi
- Department of Engineering, University of Naples “Parthenope”, Centro Direzionale Isola C4, Naples 80143, Italy; E-Mails: (C.F.); (F.C.); (R.C.)
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Iucolano F, Liguori B, Caputo D, Colangelo F, Cioffi R. Recycled plastic aggregate in mortars composition: Effect on physical and mechanical properties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2013.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ricciotti L, Roviello G, Tarallo O, Borbone F, Ferone C, Colangelo F, Catauro M, Cioffi R. Synthesis and characterizations of melamine-based epoxy resins. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:18200-14. [PMID: 24013372 PMCID: PMC3794776 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140918200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Revised: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A new, easy and cost-effective synthetic procedure for the preparation of thermosetting melamine-based epoxy resins is reported. By this innovative synthetic method, different kinds of resins can be obtained just by mixing the reagents in the presence of a catalyst without solvent and with mild curing conditions. Two types of resins were synthesized using melamine and a glycidyl derivative (resins I) or by adding a silane derivative (resin II). The resins were characterized by means of chemical-physical and thermal techniques. Experimental results show that all the prepared resins have a good thermal stability, but differ for their mechanical properties: resin I exhibits remarkable stiffness with a storage modulus value up to 830 MPa at room temperature, while lower storage moduli were found for resin II, indicating that the presence of silane groups could enhance the flexibility of these materials. The resins show a pot life higher than 30 min, which makes these resins good candidates for practical applications. The functionalization with silane terminations can be exploited in the formulation of hybrid organic-inorganic composite materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ricciotti
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università di Napoli ‘Parthenope’, INSTM Research Group Napoli Parthenope, Centro Direzionale Napoli, Isola C4, Napoli 80143, Italy; E-Mails: (G.R.); (C.F.); (F.C.); (R.C.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +39-081-674446; Fax: +39-081-5476777
| | - Giuseppina Roviello
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università di Napoli ‘Parthenope’, INSTM Research Group Napoli Parthenope, Centro Direzionale Napoli, Isola C4, Napoli 80143, Italy; E-Mails: (G.R.); (C.F.); (F.C.); (R.C.)
| | - Oreste Tarallo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, via Cintia, Napoli 80126, Italy; E-Mails: (O.T.); (F.B.)
| | - Fabio Borbone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, via Cintia, Napoli 80126, Italy; E-Mails: (O.T.); (F.B.)
| | - Claudio Ferone
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università di Napoli ‘Parthenope’, INSTM Research Group Napoli Parthenope, Centro Direzionale Napoli, Isola C4, Napoli 80143, Italy; E-Mails: (G.R.); (C.F.); (F.C.); (R.C.)
| | - Francesco Colangelo
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università di Napoli ‘Parthenope’, INSTM Research Group Napoli Parthenope, Centro Direzionale Napoli, Isola C4, Napoli 80143, Italy; E-Mails: (G.R.); (C.F.); (F.C.); (R.C.)
| | - Michelina Catauro
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale e dell’Informazione, Seconda Università di Napoli, via Roma 29, Aversa 81031, Italy; E-Mail:
| | - Raffaele Cioffi
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università di Napoli ‘Parthenope’, INSTM Research Group Napoli Parthenope, Centro Direzionale Napoli, Isola C4, Napoli 80143, Italy; E-Mails: (G.R.); (C.F.); (F.C.); (R.C.)
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Ferone C, Colangelo F, Messina F, Santoro L, Cioffi R. Recycling of Pre-Washed Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Fly Ash in the Manufacturing of Low Temperature Setting Geopolymer Materials. Materials (Basel) 2013; 6:3420-3437. [PMID: 28811443 PMCID: PMC5521313 DOI: 10.3390/ma6083420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Revised: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
In this work, three samples of municipal solid waste incinerators fly ash (MSWI-FA) have been stabilized in systems containing coal fly ash to create geopolymers through a polycondensation reaction. Monolithic products have been obtained with both MSWI fly ash as received and after the partial removal of chloride and sulfate by water washing. The polycondensation products have been characterized qualitatively by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy and quantitatively, through the determination of the volume of reacted water and silicate. Furthermore, the heavy metals and chloride releases together with the physico-mechanical properties have been evaluated on the hardened products. In conclusion, considering the technological and environmental performances of the obtained geopolymers, they could be suitable for many non-structural applications, such as backfilling of abandoned quarries, decorative materials or brick fireplaces, hearths, patios, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Ferone
- INSTM Parthenope Research Unit, Department of Engineering, University of Naples Parthenope, Centro Direzionale Is. C4, Naples 80143, Italy.
| | - Francesco Colangelo
- INSTM Parthenope Research Unit, Department of Engineering, University of Naples Parthenope, Centro Direzionale Is. C4, Naples 80143, Italy.
| | - Francesco Messina
- INSTM Parthenope Research Unit, Department of Engineering, University of Naples Parthenope, Centro Direzionale Is. C4, Naples 80143, Italy.
| | - Luciano Santoro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Monte Sant'Angelo Complex, Naples 80126, Italy.
| | - Raffaele Cioffi
- INSTM Parthenope Research Unit, Department of Engineering, University of Naples Parthenope, Centro Direzionale Is. C4, Naples 80143, Italy.
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Colangelo F, Roviello G, Ricciotti L, Ferone C, Cioffi R. Preparation and Characterization of New Geopolymer-Epoxy Resin Hybrid Mortars. Materials (Basel) 2013; 6:2989-3006. [PMID: 28811418 PMCID: PMC5521291 DOI: 10.3390/ma6072989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Revised: 06/29/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The preparation and characterization of metakaolin-based geopolymer mortars containing an organic epoxy resin are presented here for the first time. The specimens have been prepared by means of an innovative in situ co-reticulation process, in mild conditions, of commercial epoxy based organic resins and geopolymeric slurry. In this way, geopolymer based hybrid mortars characterized by a different content of normalized sand (up to 66% in weight) and by a homogeneous dispersion of the organic resin have been obtained. Once hardened, these new materials show improved compressive strength and toughness in respect to both the neat geopolymer and the hybrid pastes since the organic polymer provides a more cohesive microstructure, with a reduced amount of microcracks. The microstructural characterization allows to point out the presence of an Interfacial Transition Zone similar to that observed in cement based mortars and concretes. A correlation between microstructural features and mechanical properties has been studied too.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Colangelo
- Department of Engineering, University of Naples 'Parthenope', INSTM Research Group Naples Parthenope, Centro Direzionale Naples, Isola C4, 80143 Naples, Italy.
| | - Giuseppina Roviello
- Department of Engineering, University of Naples 'Parthenope', INSTM Research Group Naples Parthenope, Centro Direzionale Naples, Isola C4, 80143 Naples, Italy.
| | - Laura Ricciotti
- Department of Engineering, University of Naples 'Parthenope', INSTM Research Group Naples Parthenope, Centro Direzionale Naples, Isola C4, 80143 Naples, Italy.
| | - Claudio Ferone
- Department of Engineering, University of Naples 'Parthenope', INSTM Research Group Naples Parthenope, Centro Direzionale Naples, Isola C4, 80143 Naples, Italy.
| | - Raffaele Cioffi
- Department of Engineering, University of Naples 'Parthenope', INSTM Research Group Naples Parthenope, Centro Direzionale Naples, Isola C4, 80143 Naples, Italy.
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Ferone C, Colangelo F, Roviello G, Asprone D, Menna C, Balsamo A, Prota A, Cioffi R, Manfredi G. Application-Oriented Chemical Optimization of a Metakaolin Based Geopolymer. Materials (Basel) 2013; 6:1920-1939. [PMID: 28809251 PMCID: PMC5452525 DOI: 10.3390/ma6051920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Revised: 04/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study the development of a metakaolin based geopolymeric mortar to be used as bonding matrix for external strengthening of reinforced concrete beams is reported. Four geopolymer formulations have been obtained by varying the composition of the activating solution in terms of SiO₂/Na₂O ratio. The obtained samples have been characterized from a structural, microstructural and mechanical point of view. The differences in structure and microstructure have been correlated to the mechanical properties. A major issue of drying shrinkage has been encountered in the high Si/Al ratio samples. In the light of the characterization results, the optimal geopolymer composition was then applied to fasten steel fibers to reinforced concrete beams. The mechanical behavior of the strengthened reinforced beams was evaluated by four-points bending tests, which were performed also on reinforced concrete beams as they are for comparison. The preliminary results of the bending tests point out an excellent behavior of the geopolymeric mixture tested, with the failure load of the reinforced beams roughly twice that of the control beam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Ferone
- Department of Technology, University of Naples "Parthenope", Centro Direzionale, Is. C4, Napoli 80143, Italy.
| | - Francesco Colangelo
- Department of Technology, University of Naples "Parthenope", Centro Direzionale, Is. C4, Napoli 80143, Italy.
| | - Giuseppina Roviello
- Department of Technology, University of Naples "Parthenope", Centro Direzionale, Is. C4, Napoli 80143, Italy.
| | - Domenico Asprone
- Department of Structures for Engineering and Architecture, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples 80125, Italy.
| | - Costantino Menna
- Department of Structures for Engineering and Architecture, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples 80125, Italy.
| | - Alberto Balsamo
- Department of Structures for Engineering and Architecture, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples 80125, Italy.
| | - Andrea Prota
- Department of Structures for Engineering and Architecture, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples 80125, Italy.
| | - Raffaele Cioffi
- Department of Technology, University of Naples "Parthenope", Centro Direzionale, Is. C4, Napoli 80143, Italy.
| | - Gaetano Manfredi
- Department of Structures for Engineering and Architecture, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples 80125, Italy.
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Migliaccio M, Ferrara G, Gifuni A, Sorrentino A, Colangelo F, Ferone C, Cioffi R, Messina F. SHIELDING EFFECTIVENESS TESTS OF LOW-COST CIVIL ENGINEERING MATERIALS IN A REVERBERATING CHAMBER. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.2528/pierb13071703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Colangelo F, Cioffi R, Montagnaro F, Santoro L. Soluble salt removal from MSWI fly ash and its stabilization for safer disposal and recovery as road basement material. Waste Manag 2012; 32:1179-1185. [PMID: 22244615 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2011.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2011] [Revised: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 12/13/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Fly ash from municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWI) is classified as hazardous in the European Waste Catalogue. Proper stabilization processes should be required before any management option is put into practice. Due to the inorganic nature of MSWI fly ash, cementitious stabilization processes are worthy of consideration. However, the effectiveness of such processes can be severely compromised by the high content of soluble chlorides and sulphates. In this paper, a preliminary washing treatment has been optimized to remove as much as possible soluble salts by employing as little as possible water. Two different operating conditions (single-step and two-step) have been developed to this scope. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that stabilized systems containing 20% of binder are suitable for safer disposal as well as for material recovery in the field of road basement (cement bound granular material layer). Three commercially available cements (pozzolanic, limestone and slag) have been employed as binders.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Colangelo
- Department of Technology, University Parthenope of Naples, Italy.
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Stefano LD, Cioffi R, Colangelo F. Comparison between Two FT-IR Spectroscopy Analytical Procedures for Micrograms Determination of Asbestos Species in Bulk Materials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.4236/ajac.2012.31001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Colangelo F, Cioffi R, Lavorgna M, Verdolotti L, De Stefano L. Treatment and recycling of asbestos-cement containing waste. J Hazard Mater 2011; 195:391-7. [PMID: 21924550 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.08.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2011] [Revised: 08/01/2011] [Accepted: 08/19/2011] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The remediation of industrial buildings covered with asbestos-cement roofs is one of the most important issues in asbestos risk management. The relevant Italian Directives call for the above waste to be treated prior to disposal on landfill. Processes able to eliminate the hazard of these wastes are very attractive because the treated products can be recycled as mineral components in building materials. In this work, asbestos-cement waste is milled by means of a high energy ring mill for up to 4h. The very fine powders obtained at all milling times are characterized to check the mineralogical and morphological transformation of the asbestos phases. Specifically, after 120 min of milling, the disappearance of the chrysotile OH stretching modes at 3690 cm(-1), of the main crystalline chrysotile peaks and of the fibrous phase are detected by means of infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy analyses, respectively. The hydraulic behavior of the milled powders in presence of lime is also tested at different times. The results of thermal analyses show that the endothermic effects associated to the neo-formed binding phases significantly increase with curing time. Furthermore, the technological efficacy of the recycling process is evaluated by preparing and testing hydraulic lime and milled powder-based mortars. The complete test set gives good results in terms of the hydration kinetics and mechanical properties of the building materials studied. In fact, values of reacted lime around 40% and values of compressive strength in the range of 2.17 and 2.29 MPa, are measured.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Colangelo
- Department of Technology, University Parthenope, Naples, Italy
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Cioffi R, Colangelo F, Montagnaro F, Santoro L. Manufacture of artificial aggregate using MSWI bottom ash. Waste Manag 2011; 31:281-288. [PMID: 20566278 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2010.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2009] [Revised: 05/10/2010] [Accepted: 05/23/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports the results of an investigation on material recovery by stabilization/solidification of bottom ash coming from a municipal solid waste incineration plant. Stabilization/solidification was carried out to produce artificial aggregate in a rotary plate granulator by adding hydraulic binders based on cement, lime and coal fly ash. Different mixes were tested in which the bottom ash content ranged between 60% and 90%. To avoid undesirable swelling in hardened products, the ash was previously milled and then granulated at room temperature. The granules were tested to assess their suitability to be used as artificial aggregate through the measurement of the following properties: density, water absorption capacity, compressive strength and heavy metals release upon leaching. It was demonstrated that the granules can be classified as lightweight aggregate with mechanical strength strongly dependent on the type of binder. Concrete mixes were prepared with the granulated artificial aggregate and tested for in-service performance, proving to be suitable for the manufacture of standard concrete blocks in all the cases investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Cioffi
- Dipartimento per le Tecnologie, Università di Napoli Parthenope, Centro Direzionale Is. C4, Napoli, Italy.
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Ferone C, Colangelo F, Cioffi R, Montagnaro F, Santoro L. Mechanical Performances of Weathered Coal Fly Ash Based Geopolymer Bricks. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2011.11.2073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Andini S, Cioffi R, Colangelo F, Montagnaro F, Santoro L. Adsorption of chlorophenol, chloroaniline and methylene blue on fuel oil fly ash. J Hazard Mater 2008; 157:599-604. [PMID: 18289785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2007] [Revised: 12/21/2007] [Accepted: 01/10/2008] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Fuel oil fly ash has been tested as low-cost carbon-based adsorbent of 2-chlorophenol (CP), 2-chloroaniline (CA) and methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions. In all the cases the adsorption was found to be of cooperative type. Different adsorption capacities were found for the three organics. Specifically, it was highest for 2-chlorophenol, reaching about 70 mg g(-1), and quite lower in the other two cases, that is about 47 and 36 mg g(-1) for methylene blue and 2-chloroaniline, respectively. Varying the initial pH and adding KCl were found to have different effects on the adsorption of the three organics. In particular, the presence of other ions had no effect on the adsorption of methylene blue, adverse effect in the case of 2-chlorophenol and enhancing effect in the case of 2-chloroaniline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Andini
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia, Napoli, Italy
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Andini S, Cioffi R, Colangelo F, Grieco T, Montagnaro F, Santoro L. Coal fly ash as raw material for the manufacture of geopolymer-based products. Waste Manag 2008; 28:416-23. [PMID: 17382528 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2007.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2006] [Revised: 09/21/2006] [Accepted: 02/01/2007] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work coal fly ash has been employed for the synthesis of geopolymers. Two different systems with silica/alumina ratios stoichiometric for the formation of polysialatesiloxo (PSS, SiO2/Al2O3=4) and polysialatedisiloxo (PSDS, SiO2/Al2O3=6) have been prepared. The alkali metal hydroxide (NaOH or KOH) necessary to start polycondensation has been added in the right amount as concentrated aqueous solution to each of the two systems. The concentration of each alkali metal solution has been adjusted in order to have the right liquid volume to ensure constant workability. The systems have been cured at four different temperatures (25, 40, 60, and 85 degrees C) for several different times depending on the temperature (16-672 h at 25 degrees C; 72-336 h at 40 degrees C; 16-120 h at 60 degrees C and 1-6h at 85 degrees C). The products obtained in the different experimental conditions have been submitted to the quantitative determination of the extent of polycondensation through mass increase and loss on ignition, as well as to qualitative characterization by means of FT-IR spectroscopy. Furthermore, physico-structural and mechanical characterization has been carried out through microscopic observations and the determination of unconfined compressive strength, elasticity modulus, apparent density, porosity and specific surface area. The results have indicated that the systems under investigation are suited for the manufacture of pre-formed building blocks at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Andini
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte S.Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
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