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Lee HJ, Choi JW. Association between waist circumference change after smoking cessation and incidence of hypertension in Korean adults. Public Health 2024; 229:73-79. [PMID: 38402666 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigates the association between smoking cessation and hypertension incidence, as well as the association between waist circumference change after smoking cessation and hypertension incidence. STUDY DESIGN This was a nationwide population-based cohort study. METHODS We used the Korean Health Screening Cohort data and included 158,505 participants who had undergone two or more health examinations between 2008 and 2011, with follow-ups throughout 2019. Smoking cessation and waist changes were captured based on difference between first and follow-up screening dates. Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for hypertension risk were estimated using multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression models. RESULTS There were 31,270 cases of hypertension during a median follow-up of 8.50 years. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, HR for hypertension were 1.01 (95% CI: 0.97-1.05), 0.91 (95% CI: 0.87-0.95), and 0.88 (95% CI: 0.85-0.91) for recent quitters, long-term quitters, and non-smokers, respectively, compared with current smokers. HR for hypertension, compared with current smokers, were 0.89 (95% CI: 0.84-0.94), 0.91 (95% CI: 0.85-0.97), and 0.99 (95% CI: 0.91-1.08) for long-term quitters with no waist gain, long-term quitters with waist gain of 0.1-5.0 cm, and long-term quitters with waist gain of ≥5.0 cm, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Long-term smoking cessation was significantly associated with decreased risk of hypertension, and long-term smoking cessation with no waist gain or less than 5.0 cm of waist gain was significantly associated with decreased risk of hypertension. However, more than 5.0 cm of waist gain can attenuate the effect of long-term smoking cessation on lowering the risk of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Lee
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J W Choi
- Health Insurance Research Institute, National Health Insurance Service, Wonju, Republic of Korea.
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Ha TS, Oh DK, Lee HJ, Chang Y, Jeong IS, Sim YS, Hong SK, Park S, Suh GY, Park SY. Liberation from mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients: Korean Society of Critical Care Medicine Clinical Practice Guidelines. Acute Crit Care 2024; 39:1-23. [PMID: 38476061 PMCID: PMC11002621 DOI: 10.4266/acc.2024.00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Successful liberation from mechanical ventilation is one of the most crucial processes in critical care because it is the first step by which a respiratory failure patient begins to transition out of the intensive care unit and return to their own life. Therefore, when devising appropriate strategies for removing mechanical ventilation, it is essential to consider not only the individual experiences of healthcare professionals, but also scientific and systematic approaches. Recently, numerous studies have investigated methods and tools for identifying when mechanically ventilated patients are ready to breathe on their own. The Korean Society of Critical Care Medicine therefore provides these recommendations to clinicians about liberation from the ventilator. METHODS Meta-analyses and comprehensive syntheses were used to thoroughly review, compile, and summarize the complete body of relevant evidence. All studies were meticulously assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) method, and the outcomes were presented succinctly as evidence profiles. Those evidence syntheses were discussed by a multidisciplinary committee of experts in mechanical ventilation, who then developed and approved recommendations. RESULTS Recommendations for nine PICO (population, intervention, comparator, and outcome) questions about ventilator liberation are presented in this document. This guideline includes seven conditional recommendations, one expert consensus recommendation, and one conditional deferred recommendation. CONCLUSIONS We developed these clinical guidelines for mechanical ventilation liberation to provide meaningful recommendations. These guidelines reflect the best treatment for patients seeking liberation from mechanical ventilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Sun Ha
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Dong Kyu Oh
- Department of Pulmonology, Dongkang Medical Center, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Hak-Jae Lee
- Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youjin Chang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, Seoul, Korea
| | - In Seok Jeong
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Yun Su Sim
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Lung Research Institute of Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Suk-Kyung Hong
- Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sunghoon Park
- Lung Research Institute of Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
- Department of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - Gee Young Suh
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - So Young Park
- Lung Research Institute of Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Lee HJ, Jung YJ, Choi NJ, Hong SK. The effects of environmental interventions for delirium in critically ill surgical patients. Acute Crit Care 2023; 38:479-487. [PMID: 38052513 DOI: 10.4266/acc.2023.00990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Delirium occurs at high rates among patients in intensive care units and increases the risk of morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of environmental interventions on delirium. METHODS This prospective cohort study enrolled 192 patients admitted to the surgical intensive care unit (SICU) during the pre-intervention (June 2013 to October 2013) and post-intervention (June 2014 to October 2014) periods. Environmental interventions involved a cognitive assessment, an orientation, and a comfortable environment including proper sleep conditions. The primary outcomes were the prevalence, duration, and onset of delirium. RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences in incidence rate, time of delirium onset, general characteristics, and mortality between the pre-intervention and post-intervention groups. The durations of delirium were 14.4±19.1 and 7.7±7.3 days in the pre-intervention and post-intervention groups, respectively, a significant reduction (P=0.027). The lengths of SICU stay were 20.0±22.9 and 12.6±8.7 days for the pre-intervention and post-intervention groups, respectively, also a significant reduction (P=0.030). CONCLUSIONS The implementation of an environmental intervention program reduced the duration of delirium and length of stay in the SICU for critically ill surgical patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hak-Jae Lee
- Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon-Joong Jung
- Department of Critical Care Nursing, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nak-Joon Choi
- Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suk-Kyung Hong
- Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Bae JM, Jung CY, Yoo K, Lee HJ, Hong SK, Yoo S, Jung YT, Kim EY, Ko MJ, Shin HG. Current status of laparoscopic emergency surgery in Korea: multicenter restrospective cohort study. J Minim Invasive Surg 2023; 26:112-120. [PMID: 37712310 PMCID: PMC10505370 DOI: 10.7602/jmis.2023.26.3.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Laparoscopic surgery is a choice in several emergency settings. However, there has been no nationwide study or survey that has compared the clinical use of laparoscopic emergency surgery (LES) versus open abdominal emergency surgery (OES) in Korea. Therefore, we examined the state of LES across multiple centers in Korea and further compared this data with the global state based on published reports. Methods Data of 2,122 patients who received abdominal emergency surgery between 2014 and 2019 in three hospitals in Korea were collected and retrospectively analyzed. Several clinical factors were investigated and analyzed. Results Of the patients, 1,280 (60.3%) were in the OES group and 842 (39.7%) were in the LES group. The most commonly operated organ in OES was the small bowel (25.8%), whereas that for LES was the appendix. In appendectomy and cholecystectomy, 93.7% and 88.0% were in the LES group. In small bowel surgery, gastric surgery, and large bowel surgery, 89.4%, 92.0%, and 79.1% were in the OES group. The severity-related factors of patient status demonstrated statistically significant limiting factors of selection between LES and OES. Conclusion Although our study has several limitations, compared to the LES data from other countries, the general LES state was similar in appendectomies, cholecystectomies, and small bowel surgeries. However, in gastric and colorectal surgeries, the LES state was different from those of other countries. This study demonstrated the LES state and limiting factors of selection between LES and OES in various operated organs. Further studies are required to analyze these differences and the various limiting factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Min Bae
- Department of Surgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Chang-Yeon Jung
- Department of Surgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Keesang Yoo
- Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hak-Jae Lee
- Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suk-Kyung Hong
- Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sungyeon Yoo
- Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun Tae Jung
- Department of Surgery, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Eun Young Kim
- Division of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Jung Ko
- Division of Healthcare Technology Assessment Research, National Evidence-based Healthcare Collaborating Agency, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho-Gyun Shin
- Division of Healthcare Technology Assessment Research, National Evidence-based Healthcare Collaborating Agency, Seoul, Korea
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Lee HJ, Hendricks D, Rangaka T, Abd Elrahman A. Trans-anal small bowel evisceration in a patient with a perforated rectal prolapse. S AFR J SURG 2023; 61:42-43. [PMID: 37791714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
SUMMARY An 85-year-old lady with a history of chronic constipation presented with gangrenous small bowel protruding from the anus through a hole in a prolapsed rectum. At surgery, a resection of 125 cm of gangrenous small bowel was performed in the perineum prior to laparotomy, where rectal repair was followed by the creation of a sigmoid loop colostomy and double-barrel ileostomy. This avoided an intrabdominal anastomosis which was felt likely to complicate due to the lady's intraoperative haemodynamic instability requiring inotropic support. This tailored management of a trans-anal small bowel evisceration through a rectal prolapse resulted in recovery and a patient who was content with her stomas and preferred to live with them rather than have continuity restored.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Lee
- Department of General Surgery, Klerksdorp-Tshepong Hospital Complex, South Africa
| | - D Hendricks
- Department of General Surgery, Klerksdorp-Tshepong Hospital Complex, South Africa
| | - T Rangaka
- Department of General Surgery, Klerksdorp-Tshepong Hospital Complex, South Africa
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand
| | - A Abd Elrahman
- Department of General Surgery, Klerksdorp-Tshepong Hospital Complex, South Africa
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand
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Kim M, Lee JL, Shin SJ, Bae WK, Lee HJ, Byun JH, Choi YJ, Youk J, Ock CY, Kim S, Song H, Park KH, Keam B. Phase II study of a trastuzumab biosimilar in combination with paclitaxel for HER2-positive recurrent or metastatic urothelial carcinoma: KCSG GU18-18. ESMO Open 2023; 8:101588. [PMID: 37385153 PMCID: PMC10485395 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2023.101588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a widely explored therapeutic target in solid tumors. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of trastuzumab-pkrb, a biosimilar of trastuzumab, in combination with paclitaxel, in HER2-positive recurrent or metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC). PATIENTS AND METHODS We enrolled 27 patients; they were administered a loading dose of 8 mg/kg trastuzumab-pkrb on day 1, followed by 6 mg/kg and 175 mg/m2 paclitaxel on day 1 every 3 weeks, intravenously. All patients received six cycles of the combination treatment and continued to receive trastuzumab-pkrb maintenance until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or for up to 2 years. HER2 positivity (based on immunohistochemistry analysis) was determined according to the 2013 American Society of Clinical Oncology /College of American Pathologists HER2 testing guidelines. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR); the secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and safety. RESULTS Twenty-six patients were evaluated via primary endpoint analysis. The ORR was 48.1% (1 complete and 12 partial responses) and the duration of response was 6.9 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 4.4-9.3 months]. With a median follow-up of 10.5 months, the median PFS and OS were 8.4 months (95% CI 6.2-8.8 months) and 13.5 months (95% CI 9.8 months-not reached), respectively. The most common treatment-related adverse event (TRAE) of any grade was peripheral neuropathy (88.9%). The most common grade 3/4 TRAEs were neutropenia (25.9%), thrombocytopenia (7.4%), and anemia (7.4%). CONCLUSIONS Trastuzumab-pkrb plus paclitaxel demonstrates promising efficacy with manageable toxicity profiles in patients with HER2-positive recurrent or metastatic UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - J L Lee
- Department of Oncology and Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - S J Shin
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - W K Bae
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School & Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun
| | - H J Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon
| | - J H Byun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon
| | - Y J Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - J Youk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - C Y Ock
- Lunit, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Kim
- Lunit, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H Song
- Lunit, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K H Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - B Keam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul.
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Kang S, Lee HJ, Lee HJ. Delayed immune-mediated hepatitis after three cycles of pembrolizumab for the treatment of sinonasal melanoma. J Postgrad Med 2023; 0:379772. [PMID: 37376755 PMCID: PMC10394523 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_834_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are monoclonal antibodies that induce the anti-tumor effects of T cells by targeting co-inhibitory immune checkpoints. The development of ICIs has revolutionized the clinical practice of oncology, leading to significant improvements in outcomes; therefore, ICIs are now standard care for various types of solid cancers. Immune-related adverse events, the unique toxicity profiles of ICIs, usually develop 4-12 weeks after initiation of ICI treatment; however, some cases can occur >3 months after cessation of ICI treatment. To date, there have been limited reports about delayed immune-mediated hepatitis (IMH) and histopathologic findings. Herein, we present a case of delayed IMH that occurred 3 months after the last dose of pembrolizumab, including histopathologic findings of the liver. This case suggests that ongoing surveillance for immune-related adverse events is required, even after cessation of ICI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kang
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital and College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chungnam National University Hospital and College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Lee
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital and College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Lee HJ, Kwon HW, Baek JK, Park CH, Seo HK, Hong SK. Risk factors for Pneumocystis pneumonia with acute respiratory failure among kidney transplant recipients. BMC Nephrol 2023; 24:31. [PMID: 36759777 PMCID: PMC9912528 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-023-03071-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE One of the rare life-threatening fungal infections is pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP). Immunocompromised patients are the main vulnerable population. We investigate the risk factors associated with the development of severe PCP infection with acute respiratory failure after kidney transplantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a retrospective, single-center, case-control study. PCP patients who are kidney transplant recipients and required high-flow oxygen support or mechanical ventilation between March 2009 and February 2017 were included in the study. The comparison was conducted between the non-severe and severe PCP groups. To identify associated risk factors, we performed univariate and multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS Among the total 2,330 kidney transplant recipients, 50 patients (2.1%) were diagnosed with PCP. Of these, 27 patients (54.0%) had severe PCP and 7 patients (14.0%) died, all of them were severe PCP patients. In the severe PCP group, the time from transplantation to PCP diagnosis (23.4 ± 24.9 months vs. 13.7 ± 9.9 months, p = 0.090) was insignificantly faster than in the non-severe PCP group. According to multiple logistic regression analysis, the significant risk factors associated with severe PCP were as follows, age (odds ratios (OR) 1.07; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.01-1.13; p = 0.027), time from transplantation to PCP diagnosis (odds ratios (OR) 0.92; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.86-0.99; p = 0.024), lymphopenia (OR 6.48; 95% CI: 1.05-40.09; p = 0.044), and history of acute rejection within 1 year (OR 8.28; 95% CI: 1.29-53.20; p = 0.026). CONCLUSION Patients who have lymphopenia at the time of hospital admission or have been recently treated with acute rejection are more likely to progress to severe PCP, requiring intensive monitoring and aggressive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hak-Jae Lee
- grid.413967.e0000 0001 0842 2126Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro, 43-gil, Songpa-gu, 05505 Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun-Wook Kwon
- grid.413967.e0000 0001 0842 2126Division of Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Kwan Baek
- grid.413967.e0000 0001 0842 2126Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro, 43-gil, Songpa-gu, 05505 Seoul, Korea
| | - Chan-Hee Park
- grid.413967.e0000 0001 0842 2126Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro, 43-gil, Songpa-gu, 05505 Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye-Kyung Seo
- grid.413967.e0000 0001 0842 2126Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro, 43-gil, Songpa-gu, 05505 Seoul, Korea
| | - Suk-Kyung Hong
- Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro, 43-gil, Songpa-gu, 05505, Seoul, Korea.
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Seo Y, Lee HJ, Ha EJ, Ha TS. 2021 KSCCM clinical practice guidelines for pain, agitation, delirium, immobility, and sleep disturbance in the intensive care unit. Acute Crit Care 2023; 38:149. [PMID: 36935545 PMCID: PMC10030251 DOI: 10.4266/acc.2022.00094.e1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Seo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, and Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hak-Jae Lee
- Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Jin Ha
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Sun Ha
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
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Oh SY, Lee JM, Lee HY, Kwon J, Lee HJ, Choi NJ, Lee JG, Kim IK, Kang MC, Kim HW, Youn SH. The Status of Protein Supply to Patients in the Trauma and Surgical Intensive Care Units and the Effects of Feedback on Protein Supply: A Multicenter Study. J Acute Care Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.17479/jacs.2022.12.3.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the status of protein supply by comparing the recommended amount with the delivered amount of protein in patients in the trauma and surgical intensive care units (ICU). Feedback on the protein supply status was presented to each hospital, and we evaluated whether the protein supply had increased to an appropriate level.Methods: In this retrospective observational multicenter study, nutritional information on patients in the trauma and surgical ICUs who had received nutritional support intervention was collected on the 1st Wednesday of each month at two-month intervals from August 2020 to June 2021, from nine domestic hospitals in Korea. Every two months, the nutritional status of each hospital was shared with all hospitals, and each nutritional support team received feedback on protein supply status.Results: There were 246 patients from nine hospitals included in this study, and data over the study period from six protein days, were analyzed. The mean ratios of delivered calories to calculated required calories were 74.0%, 80.8%, 85.4%, 77.9%, 71.3%, and 82.1% on Protein Days 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, respectively. The mean ratios of delivered protein to calculated required protein were 73.0%, 77.2%, 78.9%, 79.3%, 69.4%, and 89.6% on Protein Days 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, respectively.Conclusion: Protein supply increased to an appropriate level, feedback on protein supply status may have increased the protein supply ratio and promoted appropriate protein supply and nutritional support for patients in the trauma and surgical ICUs.
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Jung TW, Kim H, Park SY, Cho W, Oh H, Lee HJ, Abd El-Aty AM, Hacimuftuoglu A, Jeong JH. Stachydrine alleviates lipid-induced skeletal muscle insulin resistance via AMPK/HO-1-mediated suppression of inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress. J Endocrinol Invest 2022; 45:2181-2191. [PMID: 35834165 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-022-01866-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Insulin resistance develops due to skeletal muscle inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Stachydrine (STA), extracted from Leonurus heterophyllus, has been shown to suppress proliferation and induce apoptosis in breast cancer cells and exert anti-inflammatory properties in the brain, heart, and liver. However, the roles of STA in insulin signaling in skeletal muscle remain unclear. Herein, we examined the impacts of STA on insulin signaling in skeletal muscle under hyperlipidemic conditions and its related molecular mechanisms. METHODS Various protein expression levels were determined by Western blotting. Levels of mouse serum cytokines were measured by ELISA. RESULTS We found that STA-ameliorated inflammation and ER stress, leading to attenuation of insulin resistance in palmitate-treated C2C12 myocytes. STA dose-dependently enhanced AMPK phosphorylation and HO-1 expression. Administration of STA attenuated not only insulin resistance but also inflammation and ER stress in the skeletal muscle of high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Additionally, STA-ameliorated glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, as well as serum TNFα and MCP-1, in mice fed a HFD. Small interfering (si) RNA-associated suppression of AMPK or HO-1 expression abolished the effects of STA in C2C12 myocytes. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that STA activates AMPK/HO-1 signaling, resulting in reduced inflammation and ER stress, thereby improving skeletal muscle insulin resistance. Using STA as a natural ingredient, this research successfully treated insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- T W Jung
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Y Park
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - W Cho
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H Oh
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - A M Abd El-Aty
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - A Hacimuftuoglu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - J H Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Lee HJ, Park CS, Lee S, Park JB, Kim HK, Park SJ, Kim YJ, Lee SP. Systemic proinflammatory-profibrotic response in aortic stenosis patients with diabetes and its relationship with myocardial remodeling and clinical outcome. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
It is unclear whether and how diabetes mellitus may aggravate myocardial fibrosis and remodeling in the pressure-overloaded heart. We investigated the impact of diabetes on the prognosis of aortic stenosis (AS) patients and its underlying mechanisms using comprehensive noninvasive imaging studies and plasma proteomics.
Methods
Severe AS patients undergoing both echocardiography and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) (n=253 of which 66 had diabetes) comprised the imaging cohort. The degree of replacement and diffuse interstitial fibrosis by late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) and extracellular volume fraction (ECV) was quantified using CMR. Plasma samples were analyzed with the multiplex proximity extension assay for 92 proteomic biomarkers in a separate biomarker cohort of severe AS patients (n=100 of which 27 had diabetes).
Results
In the imaging cohort, diabetic patients were older (70.4±6.8 vs. 66.7±10.1 years) and had a higher prevalence of ischemic heart disease (28.8% vs. 9.1%), with more advanced ventricular diastolic dysfunction. On CMR, diabetic patients had increased replacement and diffuse interstitial fibrosis (LGE% 0.3 [0.0–1.6] versus 0.0 [0.0–0.5], p=0.009; ECV% 27.9 [25.7–30.1] versus 26.7 [24.9–28.5], p=0.025) (Figure 1).
Plasma proteomics analysis of the biomarker cohort revealed that 9 proteins (E-selectin, interleukin-1 receptor type 1, interleukin-1 receptor type 2, galectin-4, intercellular adhesion molecule 2, integrin beta-2, galectin-3, growth differentiation factor 15, and cathepsin D) are significantly elevated in diabetic AS patients (Figure 2). Pathway over-representation analyses of the plasma proteomics with Gene Ontology terms indicated that pathways related to inflammatory response and extracellular matrix components were enriched, suggesting that diabetes is associated with systemic effects that evoke proinflammatory and profibrotic response to the pressure-overloaded myocardium.
During follow-up (median 6.3 years [IQR 5.2–7.2]) of the imaging cohort, 232 patients received aortic valve replacement (AVR) with 53 unexpected heart failure admissions or death. Diabetes was a significant predictor of heart failure and death, independent of clinical covariates and AVR (hazard ratio 1.88, 95% confidence interval 1.06–3.31, p=0.030).
Conclusion
Plasma proteomic analyses indicate that diabetes potentiates the systemic proinflammatory and profibrotic milieu in AS patients. These systemic biological changes underlie the increase of myocardial fibrosis, diastolic dysfunction, and worse clinical outcomes in severe AS patients with concomitant diabetes.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): National Research Foundation of Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Lee
- Seoul National University Hospital, Internal Medicine , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - C S Park
- Seoul National University Hospital, Internal Medicine , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S Lee
- Asan Medical Center, Internal Medicine , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J B Park
- Seoul National University Hospital, Internal Medicine , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - H K Kim
- Seoul National University Hospital, Internal Medicine , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S J Park
- Samsung Medical Center, Cardiovascular Imaging Center , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - Y J Kim
- Seoul National University Hospital, Internal Medicine , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S P Lee
- Seoul National University Hospital, Internal Medicine , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
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13
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Choi YJ, Kim BS, Rhee TM, Lee HJ, Lee H, Park JB, Lee SP, Han KD, Kim YJ, Hk KIM. Augmented risk of ischemic stroke in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients without documented atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Ischemic stroke is a common complication in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) (1). Although atrial fibrillation (AF) is a well-established risk factor for ischemic stroke in HCM, the risk of ischemic stroke in patients with HCM without documented AF is less recognized (1, 2). This study aimed to determine the risk of ischemic stroke and identify its risk factors in patients with HCM without documented AF.
Methods
This nationwide population-based cohort study used the Korean National Health Insurance database. After excluding patients with a prior history of AF, thromboembolic events, cancer, or the use of anticoagulants, we identified 8,328 HCM patients without documented AF and 1:2 propensity score-matched 16,656 non-HCM controls. The clinical outcome was an incident ischemic stroke.
Results
During a mean follow-up of approximately 6 years, ischemic stroke occurred in 328/8,328 (3.9%) patients with HCM and 443/16,656 (2.7%) controls. Among individuals who developed ischemic stroke, the proportion of AF concomitantly detected accounted for 26.5% (87/328) and 5.8% (26/443) in the HCM and control groups, respectively. The overall incidence of ischemic stroke was 0.716/100 person-years in the HCM group, which was significantly higher than that in the control group (0.44/100 person-years) (HR 1.643; 95% CI, 1.424–1.895; P<0.001, Figure 1). The subgroup analysis according to age, sex, and comorbidities (chronic heart failure, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and vascular disease) consistently demonstrated a higher risk of ischemic stroke in the HCM group (P for interaction >0.05). In the HCM group, age ≥65 years (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 2.741; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.156–3.486; P<0.001) and chronic heart failure (adjusted HR 1.748; 95% CI, 1.101–2.745; P=0.018) were independent risk factors for ischemic stroke. Overall incidence was 1.360/100 in patients with HCM aged ≥65 and 2.315/100 person-years years in those with chronic heart failure, respectively. Also, compared to controls aged <65 years and without CHF, adjusted HR for ischemic stroke was 4.756 (95% CI 3.807–5.867) in patients with HCM aged ≥65 years and 2.539 (95% CI 1.638–3.936) in those with CHF, respectively (Figure 2).
Conclusions
Patients with HCM without documented AF are at a higher risk of ischemic stroke than the propensity score-matched general population. Age ≥65 years and chronic heart failure are two strong independent risk factors for ischemic stroke in this population.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Choi
- Korea University Guro Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Democratic People's Republic of)
| | - B S Kim
- The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - T M Rhee
- Seoul National University Hospital, Internal medicine , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - H J Lee
- Seoul National University Hospital, Internal medicine , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - H Lee
- Seoul National University Hospital, Internal medicine , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J B Park
- Seoul National University Hospital, Internal medicine , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S P Lee
- Seoul National University Hospital, Internal medicine , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - K D Han
- The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - Y J Kim
- Seoul National University Hospital, Internal medicine , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - K I M Hk
- Seoul National University Hospital, Internal medicine , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
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14
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Pandolfi S, Brown SB, Stubley PG, Higginbotham A, Bolme CA, Lee HJ, Nagler B, Galtier E, Sandberg RL, Yang W, Mao WL, Wark JS, Gleason AE. Atomistic deformation mechanism of silicon under laser-driven shock compression. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5535. [PMID: 36130983 PMCID: PMC9492784 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33220-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Silicon (Si) is one of the most abundant elements on Earth, and it is the most widely used semiconductor. Despite extensive study, some properties of Si, such as its behaviour under dynamic compression, remain elusive. A detailed understanding of Si deformation is crucial for various fields, ranging from planetary science to materials design. Simulations suggest that in Si the shear stress generated during shock compression is released via a high-pressure phase transition, challenging the classical picture of relaxation via defect-mediated plasticity. However, direct evidence supporting either deformation mechanism remains elusive. Here, we use sub-picosecond, highly-monochromatic x-ray diffraction to study (100)-oriented single-crystal Si under laser-driven shock compression. We provide the first unambiguous, time-resolved picture of Si deformation at ultra-high strain rates, demonstrating the predicted shear release via phase transition. Our results resolve the longstanding controversy on silicon deformation and provide direct proof of strain rate-dependent deformation mechanisms in a non-metallic system. Understanding the how silicon deforms under pressure is important for several fields, including planetary science and materials design. Laser-driven shock compression experiments now confirm that shear stress generated during compression is released via a high-pressure phase transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Pandolfi
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.
| | - S Brennan Brown
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - P G Stubley
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, Univeristy of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | | | - C A Bolme
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - H J Lee
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - B Nagler
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - E Galtier
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - R L Sandberg
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - W Yang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Shanghai 201203, China
| | - W L Mao
- Geological Sciences, Stanford University, 367 Panama St., Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - J S Wark
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, Univeristy of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - A E Gleason
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
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15
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Kanesvaran R, Castro E, Wong A, Fizazi K, Chua MLK, Zhu Y, Malhotra H, Miura Y, Lee JL, Chong FLT, Pu YS, Yen CC, Saad M, Lee HJ, Kitamura H, Prabhash K, Zou Q, Curigliano G, Poon E, Choo SP, Peters S, Lim E, Yoshino T, Pentheroudakis G. Pan-Asian adapted ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of patients with prostate cancer. ESMO Open 2022; 7:100518. [PMID: 35797737 PMCID: PMC9434138 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2022.100518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The most recent version of the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Clinical Practice Guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of prostate cancer was published in 2020. It was therefore decided, by both the ESMO and the Singapore Society of Oncology (SSO), to convene a special, virtual guidelines meeting in November 2021 to adapt the ESMO 2020 guidelines to take into account the differences associated with the treatment of prostate cancer in Asia. These guidelines represent the consensus opinions reached by experts in the treatment of patients with prostate cancer representing the oncological societies of China (CSCO), India (ISMPO), Japan (JSMO), Korea (KSMO), Malaysia (MOS), Singapore (SSO) and Taiwan (TOS). The voting was based on scientific evidence and was independent of the current treatment practices and drug access restrictions in the different Asian countries. The latter were discussed when appropriate. The aim is to provide guidance for the optimisation and harmonisation of the management of patients with prostate cancer across the different regions of Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kanesvaran
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore; Oncology Academic Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - E Castro
- Department of Medical Oncology, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Institute of Biomedical Research in Málaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - A Wong
- Division of Medical Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - K Fizazi
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Institut Gustave Roussy, University of Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - M L K Chua
- Oncology Academic Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; Division of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore; Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Y Zhu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University, Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - H Malhotra
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sri Ram Cancer Center, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College Hospital, Mahatma Gandhi University of Medical Sciences & Technology, Jaipur, India
| | - Y Miura
- Department of Medical Oncology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J L Lee
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - F L T Chong
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Sabah Women and Children's Hospital, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
| | - Y-S Pu
- Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C-C Yen
- Division of Clinical Research, Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Medical Oncology, Center for Immuno-oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - M Saad
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Malaya Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - H J Lee
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - H Kitamura
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - K Prabhash
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Q Zou
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - G Curigliano
- European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS and University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - E Poon
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - S P Choo
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore; Medical Oncology, Curie Oncology, Singapore, Singapore
| | - S Peters
- Oncology Department, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - E Lim
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - T Yoshino
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
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16
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Han DH, Lee SJ, Kim JO, Kwon DE, Lee HJ, Baek CH. Development of a diverging collimator for environmental radiation monitoring in the industrial fields. Nuclear Engineering and Technology 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2022.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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17
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Seo Y, Lee HJ, Ha EJ, Ha TS. 2021 KSCCM clinical practice guidelines for pain, agitation, delirium, immobility, and sleep disturbance in the intensive care unit. Acute Crit Care 2022; 37:1-25. [PMID: 35279975 PMCID: PMC8918705 DOI: 10.4266/acc.2022.00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
We revised and expanded the “2010 Guideline for the Use of Sedatives and Analgesics in the Adult Intensive Care Unit (ICU).” We revised the 2010 Guideline based mainly on the 2018 “Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Prevention and Management of Pain, Agitation/Sedation, Delirium, Immobility, and Sleep Disruption (PADIS) in Adult Patients in the ICU,” which was an updated 2013 pain, agitation, and delirium guideline with the inclusion of two additional topics (rehabilitation/mobility and sleep). Since it was not possible to hold face-to-face meetings of panels due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, all discussions took place via virtual conference platforms and e-mail with the participation of all panelists. All authors drafted the recommendations, and all panelists discussed and revised the recommendations several times. The quality of evidence for each recommendation was classified as high (level A), moderate (level B), or low/very low (level C), and all panelists voted on the quality level of each recommendation. The participating panelists had no conflicts of interest on related topics. The development of this guideline was independent of any industry funding. The Pain, Agitation/Sedation, Delirium, Immobility (rehabilitation/mobilization), and Sleep Disturbance panels issued 42 recommendations (level A, 6; level B, 18; and level C, 18). The 2021 clinical practice guideline provides up-to-date information on how to prevent and manage pain, agitation/sedation, delirium, immobility, and sleep disturbance in adult ICU patients. We believe that these guidelines can provide an integrated method for clinicians to manage PADIS in adult ICU patients.
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18
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Gleason AE, Rittman DR, Bolme CA, Galtier E, Lee HJ, Granados E, Ali S, Lazicki A, Swift D, Celliers P, Militzer B, Stanley S, Mao WL. Dynamic compression of water to conditions in ice giant interiors. Sci Rep 2022; 12:715. [PMID: 35027608 PMCID: PMC8758754 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04687-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent discoveries of water-rich Neptune-like exoplanets require a more detailed understanding of the phase diagram of H2O at pressure–temperature conditions relevant to their planetary interiors. The unusual non-dipolar magnetic fields of ice giant planets, produced by convecting liquid ionic water, are influenced by exotic high-pressure states of H2O—yet the structure of ice in this state is challenging to determine experimentally. Here we present X-ray diffraction evidence of a body-centered cubic (BCC) structured H2O ice at 200 GPa and ~ 5000 K, deemed ice XIX, using the X-ray Free Electron Laser of the Linac Coherent Light Source to probe the structure of the oxygen sub-lattice during dynamic compression. Although several cubic or orthorhombic structures have been predicted to be the stable structure at these conditions, we show this BCC ice phase is stable to multi-Mbar pressures and temperatures near the melt boundary. This suggests variable and increased electrical conductivity to greater depths in ice giant planets that may promote the generation of multipolar magnetic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Gleason
- Fundamental Physics Directorate, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA. .,Geological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - D R Rittman
- Geological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - C A Bolme
- Shock and Detonation Physics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - E Galtier
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - H J Lee
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - E Granados
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - S Ali
- Shock Physics, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - A Lazicki
- Shock Physics, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - D Swift
- Shock Physics, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - P Celliers
- Shock Physics, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - B Militzer
- Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - S Stanley
- Earth and Planetary Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA.,Applied Physics Lab, Johns Hopkins University, Laurel, MD, 20723, USA
| | - W L Mao
- Geological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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19
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Lee JJ, Kang HY, Lee WI, Cho SY, Kim YJ, Lee HJ. Efflux pump gene expression study using RNA-seq in multidrug-resistant TB. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2021; 25:974-981. [PMID: 34886926 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.21.0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The mechanism underlying kanamycin (KM) resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis is not well understood, although efflux pump proteins are thought to play a role. This study used RNA-seq data to investigate changes in the expression levels of efflux pump genes following exposure to KM.METHODS: RNA expression of efflux pump and regulatory genes following exposure to different concentrations of KM (minimum inhibitory concentration MIC 25 and MIC50) in rrs wild-type strain and rrs A1401G mutated strain were compared with the control group.RESULTS: The selected strains had differential RNA expression patterns. Among the 71 putative efflux pump and regulatory genes, 46 had significant fold changes, and 12 genes (Rv0842, Rv1146, Rv1258c, Rv1473, Rv1686c, Rv1687c, Rv1877, Rv2038c, Rv3065, Rv3197a, Rv3728 and Rv3789) that were overexpressed following exposure to KM were thought to contribute to drug resistance. Rv3197A (whiB7) showed a distinct fold change based on the concentration of KM.CONCLUSION: The significant changes in the expression of the efflux pump and regulatory genes following exposure to KM may provide insights into the identification of a new resistance mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Y Kang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - W-I Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Y Cho
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y J Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H J Lee
- Korean National Tuberculosis Association, Seoul, Korea
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20
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Kanesvaran R, Porta C, Wong A, Powles T, Ng QS, Schmidinger M, Ye D, Malhotra H, Miura Y, Lee JL, Chong FLT, Pu YS, Yen CC, Saad M, Lee HJ, Kitamura H, Bhattacharyya GS, Curigliano G, Poon E, Choo SP, Peters S, Lim E, Yoshino T, Pentheroudakis G. Pan-Asian adapted ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of patients with renal cell carcinoma. ESMO Open 2021; 6:100304. [PMID: 34864348 PMCID: PMC8645910 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2021.100304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The most recent version of the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Clinical Practice Guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of renal cell carcinoma was published in 2019 with an update planned for 2021. It was therefore decided by both the ESMO and the Singapore Society of Oncology (SSO) to convene a special, virtual guidelines meeting in May 2021 to adapt the ESMO 2019 guidelines to take into account the ethnic differences associated with the treatment of renal cell carcinomas in Asian patients. These guidelines represent the consensus opinions reached by experts in the treatment of patients with renal cell carcinoma representing the oncological societies of China (CSCO), India (ISMPO), Japan (JSMO), Korea (KSMO), Malaysia (MOS), Singapore (SSO) and Taiwan (TOS). The voting was based on scientific evidence and was independent of the current treatment practices and drug access restrictions in the different Asian countries. The latter were discussed when appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kanesvaran
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - C Porta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari 'A. Moro' and Division of Medical Oncology, A.O.U. Consorziale Policlinico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - A Wong
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - T Powles
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University, London, UK
| | - Q S Ng
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - M Schmidinger
- Department of Urology I, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - D Ye
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - H Malhotra
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sri Ram Cancer Center, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College Hospital, Mahatma Gandhi University of Medical Sciences & Technology, Jaipur, India
| | - Y Miura
- Department of Medical Oncology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J L Lee
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - F L T Chong
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Sabah Women and Children's Hospital, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Y-S Pu
- Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C-C Yen
- Division of Clinical Research, Department of Medical Research and Division of Medical Oncology, Center for Immuno-oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - M Saad
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Malaya Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - H J Lee
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - H Kitamura
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | | | - G Curigliano
- Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, IRCCS and University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - E Poon
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - S P Choo
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Medical Oncology, Curie Oncology, Singapore, Singapore
| | - S Peters
- Oncology Department, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - E Lim
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - T Yoshino
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
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21
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Lee HJ, Jeong GH, Li H, Kim MS, Kim JS, Park SJ, Han YJ, Lee KH, Kronbichler A, Hong SH, Ghayda RA, Luchini C, Nottegar A, Koyanagi A, Smith L, Jacob L, Dragioti E, Radua J, Cargnin S, Terrazzino S, Thompson T, Yon DK, Lee SW, Yang JM, Wasuwanich P, Shin JI, Gamerith G. Efficacy and safety of epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) monotherapy for advanced EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 25:6232-6244. [PMID: 34730203 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202110_26993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It is controversial whether there is efficacy or safety benefit of epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) in advanced EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) compared to standard chemotherapy. We aim to assess the efficacy and safety of EGFR-TKIs compared to other chemotherapeutics in EGFR-mutated NSCLC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Up to April 27th, 2020, PubMed, Embase, Medline, Scopus, Cochrane library, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched for articles or trials meeting the inclusion criteria. After filtering, 230 eligible studies were initially identified. Data extraction followed PRISMA and included outcomes were progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and severe adverse events (SAEs). Direct and indirect meta-analyses were generated in the context of log-linear mixed-effects models, with fixed effects for each relative comparison and random effects for each study. RESULTS The results showed that EGFR-TKI therapy had improved PFS with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.40 (95% CI: 0.36-0.44, p<0.001) compared to standard chemotherapy. Nevertheless, the EGFR-TKIs showed no benefit on OS (HR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.83-1.10, p=0.556). In the analysis of adverse events, EGFR-TKIs had fewer SAEs than standard chemotherapy (HR: 0.29, 95% CI: 0.26-0.33, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our systemic review indicates that EGFR-TKI therapy has improved PFS, and reduced SAEs compared to standard chemotherapy in advanced EGFR-mutated NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Lee
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Lee HJ, Lee SR, Choi EK, Jung JH, Han KD, Oh SI, Lip GYH. Risk of dementia according to smoking cessation after newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation: a nationwide cohort study. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.0334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Incident atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with an increased risk of dementia. There are limited data about the impact of smoking cessation after AF diagnosis on the risk of incident dementia.
Purpose
To evaluate the association between changes in smoking status after newly diagnosed AF and the risk of dementia.
Methods
Among patients with new-onset AF between 2010 and 2016, those who received a national health checkup exam within 2 years before and after the AF diagnosis were included. Patients who had prevalent dementia were excluded. Subjects were categorized into 4 groups according to the status of smoking before and after AF diagnosis: (1) never smoker; (2) ex-smoker; (3) quit-smoker after AF diagnosis; and (4) current smoker. The primary outcome was incident dementia during follow-up.
Results
A total of 126,252 patients were included (mean age 63, SD 12.0; men 62%; mean CHA2DS2-VASc 2.7). During a median 3 years of follow-up, dementia occurred in 5,925 patients (1.11 per 1000 person-years [1000PY]) (Alzheimer's dementia 1.5 per 1000 PY and vascular dementia 0.24 per 1000 PY, respectively). Never smokers, ex-smokers, quit-smokers, and current smokers were 52%, 27%, 7%, and 14% of the total study population, respectively. After multivariable adjustment, quit-smokers showed a higher risk of dementia than never smokers (hazard ratio [HR] 1.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03–1.32), but the risk was significantly decreased when compared to current smokers (HR 0.83, 95% CI 0.72–0.95). Alzheimer's dementia and vascular dementia showed consistent results as main (Figure).
Conclusion
All types of smoking were associated with a significantly higher risk of dementia in patients with new-onset AF. Smoking cessation after AF diagnosis showed a lower risk of dementia compared to patients smoking persistently. These findings may support the promotion of smoking cessation to lower the risk of dementia in patients with new-onset AF.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Lee
- Seoul National University, Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - S R Lee
- Seoul National University, Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - E K Choi
- Seoul National University, Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J H Jung
- The Catholic University of Korea, Medical Statistics, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - K D Han
- Soongsil university, Medical Statistics, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - S I Oh
- Seoul National University, Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - G Y H Lip
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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23
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Bang JY, Kang HI, Lee HJ, Chong YP, Hong SK, Lee EK, Choi BM, Noh GJ. Development of a new pharmacokinetic model for target-concentration controlled infusion of vancomycin in critically ill patients. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2021; 49:202-211. [PMID: 34596258 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this prospective study was to construct a new pharmacokinetic model of vancomycin for target-concentration controlled infusion (TCI). As the first loading dose, 25 mg/kg of vancomycin was administered during 60-90 min. Arterial blood samples were obtained at pre-set intervals to measure the serum concentrations of vancomycin. Population pharmacokinetic analysis was performed using the NONMEM software (ICON Development Solutions). In total, 197 serum concentration measurements from 22 patients were used to characterise the pharmacokinetics of vancomycin. A three-compartment mammillary model best described the pharmacokinetics of vancomycin in critically ill patients. The ideal body weight was a significant covariate for the central and slow peripheral volume of distribution. The weight and age converted to categorical variables at a cut-off of 65 years were a significant covariate for the clearance. Based on the results of stochastic simulation, the TCI method maintained the therapeutic concentration range for the longest duration. In addition, assuming that vancomycin was administered by the TCI method for 7 days, the dose was reduced by about 15% compared with the standard administration methods. The daily area under the curve values were maintained between 500 mg·h/L and 600 mg·h/L. TCI has the potential to become a new infusion method for patient-tailored dosing in critically ill patients. To administer vancomycin via TCI in clinical practice, the newly constructed pharmacokinetic model should undergo proper external validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yeon Bang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Il Kang
- University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hak-Jae Lee
- Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Pil Chong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suk-Kyung Hong
- Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Kyung Lee
- Department of Statistics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung-Moon Choi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gyu-Jeong Noh
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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24
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Lütgert J, Vorberger J, Hartley NJ, Voigt K, Rödel M, Schuster AK, Benuzzi-Mounaix A, Brown S, Cowan TE, Cunningham E, Döppner T, Falcone RW, Fletcher LB, Galtier E, Glenzer SH, Laso Garcia A, Gericke DO, Heimann PA, Lee HJ, McBride EE, Pelka A, Prencipe I, Saunders AM, Schölmerich M, Schörner M, Sun P, Vinci T, Ravasio A, Kraus D. Measuring the structure and equation of state of polyethylene terephthalate at megabar pressures. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12883. [PMID: 34145307 PMCID: PMC8213800 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91769-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We present structure and equation of state (EOS) measurements of biaxially orientated polyethylene terephthalate (PET, \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$({\hbox {C}}_{10} {\hbox {H}}_8 {\hbox {O}}_4)_n$$\end{document}(C10H8O4)n, also called mylar) shock-compressed to (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$155 \pm 20$$\end{document}155±20) GPa and (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$6000 \pm 1000$$\end{document}6000±1000) K using in situ X-ray diffraction, Doppler velocimetry, and optical pyrometry. Comparing to density functional theory molecular dynamics (DFT-MD) simulations, we find a highly correlated liquid at conditions differing from predictions by some equations of state tables, which underlines the influence of complex chemical interactions in this regime. EOS calculations from ab initio DFT-MD simulations and shock Hugoniot measurements of density, pressure and temperature confirm the discrepancy to these tables and present an experimentally benchmarked correction to the description of PET as an exemplary material to represent the mixture of light elements at planetary interior conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lütgert
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany. .,Institute for Solid State and Materials Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany.
| | - J Vorberger
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - N J Hartley
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - K Voigt
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,Institute for Solid State and Materials Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - M Rödel
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,Institute for Solid State and Materials Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - A K Schuster
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,Institute for Solid State and Materials Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - A Benuzzi-Mounaix
- LULI, CNRS, CEA, Sorbonne Université, Ecole Polytechnique - Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128, Palaiseau, France
| | - S Brown
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - T E Cowan
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - E Cunningham
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - T Döppner
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - R W Falcone
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.,Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - L B Fletcher
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - E Galtier
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - S H Glenzer
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - A Laso Garcia
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - D O Gericke
- CFSA, Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - P A Heimann
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - H J Lee
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - E E McBride
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.,European XFEL GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869, Schenefeld, Germany
| | - A Pelka
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - I Prencipe
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - A M Saunders
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - M Schölmerich
- European XFEL GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869, Schenefeld, Germany
| | - M Schörner
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.,Institut für Physik, Albert-Einstein-Str. 23, Universität Rostock, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - P Sun
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - T Vinci
- LULI, CNRS, CEA, Sorbonne Université, Ecole Polytechnique - Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128, Palaiseau, France
| | - A Ravasio
- LULI, CNRS, CEA, Sorbonne Université, Ecole Polytechnique - Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128, Palaiseau, France
| | - D Kraus
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,Institut für Physik, Albert-Einstein-Str. 23, Universität Rostock, 18059, Rostock, Germany
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25
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Sawada H, Trzaska J, Curry CB, Gauthier M, Fletcher LB, Jiang S, Lee HJ, Galtier EC, Cunningham E, Dyer G, Daykin TS, Chen L, Salinas C, Glenn GD, Frost M, Glenzer SH, Ping Y, Kemp AJ, Sentoku Y. 2D monochromatic x-ray imaging for beam monitoring of an x-ray free electron laser and a high-power femtosecond laser. Rev Sci Instrum 2021; 92:013510. [PMID: 33514225 DOI: 10.1063/5.0014329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In pump-probe experiments with an X-ray Free Electron Laser (XFEL) and a high-power optical laser, spatial overlap of the two beams must be ensured to probe a pumped area with the x-ray beam. A beam monitoring diagnostic is particularly important in short-pulse laser experiments where a tightly focused beam is required to achieve a relativistic laser intensity for generation of energetic particles. Here, we report the demonstration of on-shot beam pointing measurements of an XFEL and a terawatt class femtosecond laser using 2D monochromatic Kα imaging at the Matter in Extreme Conditions end-station of the Linac Coherent Light Source. A thin solid titanium foil was irradiated by a 25-TW laser for fast electron isochoric heating, while a 7.0 keV XFEL beam was used to probe the laser-heated region. Using a spherical crystal imager (SCI), the beam overlap was examined by measuring 4.51 keV Kα x rays produced by laser-accelerated fast electrons and the x-ray beam. Measurements were made for XFEL-only at various focus lens positions, laser-only, and two-beam shots. Successful beam overlapping was observed on ∼58% of all two-beam shots for 10 μm thick samples. It is found that large spatial offsets of laser-induced Kα spots are attributed to imprecise target positioning rather than shot-to-shot laser pointing variations. By applying the Kα measurements to x-ray Thomson scattering measurements, we found an optimum x-ray beam spot size that maximizes scattering signals. Monochromatic x-ray imaging with the SCI could be used as an on-shot beam pointing monitor for XFEL-laser or multiple short-pulse laser experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Sawada
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
| | - J Trzaska
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
| | - C B Curry
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M Gauthier
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - L B Fletcher
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S Jiang
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - H J Lee
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - E C Galtier
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - E Cunningham
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - G Dyer
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - T S Daykin
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
| | - L Chen
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
| | - C Salinas
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
| | - G D Glenn
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M Frost
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S H Glenzer
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Y Ping
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - A J Kemp
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - Y Sentoku
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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26
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Jeong J, Kang MS, Jeong OM, Lee HJ, Lee JY, Kwon YK, Park JW, Kim JH. Investigation of Genetic Diversity of Pasteurella multocida Isolated from Diseased Poultry in Korea. Braz J Poult Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2020-1390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Jeong
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Republic of Korea
| | - MS Kang
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Republic of Korea
| | - OM Jeong
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Republic of Korea
| | - HJ Lee
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Republic of Korea
| | - JY Lee
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Republic of Korea
| | - YK Kwon
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Republic of Korea
| | - JW Park
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Republic of Korea
| | - JH Kim
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Republic of Korea
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27
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Humphries OS, Marjoribanks RS, van den Berg QY, Galtier EC, Kasim MF, Lee HJ, Miscampbell AJF, Nagler B, Royle R, Wark JS, Vinko SM. Probing the Electronic Structure of Warm Dense Nickel via Resonant Inelastic X-Ray Scattering. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:195001. [PMID: 33216608 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.195001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The development of bright free-electron lasers (FEL) has revolutionized our ability to create and study matter in the high-energy-density (HED) regime. Current diagnostic techniques have been successful in yielding information on fundamental thermodynamic plasma properties, but provide only limited or indirect information on the detailed quantum structure of these systems, and on how it is affected by ionization dynamics. Here we show how the valence electronic structure of solid-density nickel, heated to temperatures of around 10 of eV on femtosecond timescales, can be probed by single-shot resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) at the Linac Coherent Light Source FEL. The RIXS spectrum provides a wealth of information on the HED system that goes well beyond what can be extracted from x-ray absorption or emission spectroscopy alone, and is particularly well suited to time-resolved studies of electronic-structure dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- O S Humphries
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - R S Marjoribanks
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, 60 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A7, Canada
| | - Q Y van den Berg
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - E C Galtier
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M F Kasim
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - H J Lee
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - A J F Miscampbell
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - B Nagler
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - R Royle
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - J S Wark
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - S M Vinko
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
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28
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Lee HJ, Lee JY, Lee MJ, Kim HK, Kim N, Kim GU, Lee JS, Park HW, Chang HS, Yang DH, Choe J, Byeon JS. Association of low skeletal muscle mass with the presence of advanced colorectal neoplasm: integrative analysis using three skeletal muscle mass indices. Colorectal Dis 2020; 22:1293-1303. [PMID: 32363686 DOI: 10.1111/codi.15103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to evaluate an association between colorectal neoplasm (CRN) and skeletal muscle mass using three widely accepted skeletal muscle mass indices (SMIs) in a large population at average risk. METHOD We performed a cross-sectional study using a screening colonoscopy database of 33 958 asymptomatic subjects aged 40-75 years. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) was measured using a bioelectrical impedance analyser. ASM adjusted for height squared (ASM/ht2 ), weight (ASM/wt) and body mass index (ASM/BMI) were used as indices for muscle mass. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between SMIs and CRN. RESULTS In a multivariable-adjusted model, the risk of an advanced CRN increased linearly with decreasing quartiles for all three SMIs. The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for advanced CRN in quartiles 1, 2 and 3 of ASM/wt compared with that in quartile 4 were 1.279, 1.196 and 1.179, respectively (Ptrend = 0.017); for ASM/BMI, ORs were 1.307, 1.144 and 1.091, respectively (Ptrend = 0.002); and for ASM/ht2 , ORs were 1.342, 1.169 and 1.062, respectively (Ptrend = 0.002). The risk of distally located advanced CRN was higher in quartile 1 than in quartile 4 for all three SMIs (ASM/wt, OR = 1.356; ASM/BMI, OR = 1.383; ASM/ht2 , OR = 1.430). CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that low skeletal muscle mass was consistently associated with the presence of advanced CRN in a population at average risk regardless of the operational definition of the SMI, and it was particularly associated with distal advanced CRN.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Health Screening and Promotion Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Y Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Health Screening and Promotion Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - M J Lee
- Division of Endocrinology, Health Screening and Promotion Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H-K Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Health Screening and Promotion Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - N Kim
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - G-U Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Health Screening and Promotion Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J-S Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Health Screening and Promotion Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H W Park
- Division of Gastroenterology, Health Screening and Promotion Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H-S Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Health Screening and Promotion Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - D-H Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Choe
- Division of Gastroenterology, Health Screening and Promotion Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J-S Byeon
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Suh N, Paul S, Lee HJ, Yoon T, Shah N, Son AI, Reddi AH, Medici D, Sporn MB. Retraction notice to "Synthetic triterpenoids, CDDO-Imidazolide and CDDO-Ethyl amide, induce chondrogenesis" [Osteoarthr Cartil 20 (2012) 446-450]. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2020; 28:865. [PMID: 32471658 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2020.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- N Suh
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - S Paul
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - H J Lee
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA; Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, 456-756, South Korea
| | - T Yoon
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - N Shah
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - A I Son
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - A H Reddi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California at Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - D Medici
- Division of Matrix Biology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - M B Sporn
- Department of Pharmacology, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
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Lee SJ, Lee HJ, Jung YJ, Han M, Lee SG, Hong SK. Comparison of Measured Energy Expenditure Using Indirect Calorimetry vs Predictive Equations for Liver Transplant Recipients. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2020; 45:761-767. [PMID: 32458439 PMCID: PMC8447869 DOI: 10.1002/jpen.1932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To assess the appropriate energy expenditure requirement for liver transplant (LT) recipients in South Korea, 4 commonly used predictive equations were compared with indirect calorimetry (IC). METHODS A prospective observational study was conducted in the surgical intensive care unit (ICU) of an academic tertiary hospital between December 2017 and September 2018. The study population comprised LT recipients expected to remain in the ICU >48 hours postoperatively. Resting energy expenditure (REE) was measured 48 hours after ICU admission using open-circuit IC. Theoretical REE was estimated using 4 predictive equations (simple weight-based equation [25 kcal/kg/day], Harris-Benedict, Ireton-Jones [ventilated], and Penn State 1988). Derived and measured REE values were compared using an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman plots. RESULTS Of 50 patients screened, 46 were enrolled, were measured, and completed the study. The Penn State equation showed 65.0% agreement with IC (ICC, 0.65); the simple weight-based (25 kcal/kg/day), Harris-Benedict, and Ireton-Jones equations showed 62.0%, 56.0% and 39.0% agreement, respectively. Bland-Altman analysis showed that all 4 predictive equations had fixed bias, although the simple weight-based equation (25 kcal/kg/day) showed the least. CONCLUSION Although predicted REE calculated using the Penn State method agreed with the measured REE, all 4 equations showed fixed bias and appeared to be inaccurate for predicting REE in LT recipients. Precise measurement using IC may be necessary when treating LT recipients to avoid underestimating or overestimating their metabolic needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok Joon Lee
- College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Songpa-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hak-Jae Lee
- Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Songpa-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yooun-Joong Jung
- Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Songpa-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Minkyu Han
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Ulsan, Songpa-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Gyu Lee
- Division of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Departments of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Suk-Kyung Hong
- Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Songpa-gu, Seoul, South Korea
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Ock HS, Hwang SW, Lee HJ, Kim CH, Kim SH, Kim TH, Lee JH, Lee JS. The effects of hidden female smokers on the association between smoking and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Korean adults. Pulmonology 2020; 27:286-295. [PMID: 32474057 DOI: 10.1016/j.pulmoe.2020.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Smoking is an important causative factor of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and females are considered more susceptible to the effects of smoking than males. However, in previous Korean studies, the effects of sex differences on the association between smoking and COPD have been controversial. In this study, the effects of sex differences on the association between smoking and COPD and the effects of female hidden smokers on that association in Korean adults were investigated. METHODS Data were acquired from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES). RESULTS The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that self-reported smoking status for ex-smoker and current smoker correlated with COPD (odds ratio, OR: 1.67 and OR: 2.41, respectively). Self-reported smoking status for ex-smoker and current smoker correlated with COPD in men (OR: 1.61, OR: 2.43, respectively). Female self-reported current smoking status correlated with COPD (OR: 2.52), but female ex-smoker status was not significantly correlated with COPD. The ratios of cotinine-verified to self-reported smoking rates were 1.95 for women and 1.07 for men. CONCLUSION The results of this study were that sex differences might affect the association between COPD and smoking and that female hidden smoking might affect the association between smoking and COPD in Korean adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Ock
- Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - S W Hwang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - C H Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - T H Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - J S Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Republic of Korea.
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Tetsuno K, Ajimura S, Akutagawa K, Batpurev T, Chan WM, Fushimi K, Hazama R, Iida T, Ikeyama Y, Khai BT, Kishimoto T, Lee KK, Li X, Matsuoka K, Matsuoka K, Mizukoshi K, Mori Y, Nakajima K, Noithong P, Nomachi M, Ogawa I, Ohsumi H, Ozawa K, Shimizu K, Shokati M, Soberi F, Suzuki K, Takemoto Y, Takihira Y, Tamagawa Y, Tozawa M, Trang VTT, Umehara S, Yamamoto K, Yoshida S, Kim I, Kwon DH, Kim HL, Lee HJ, Lee MK, Kim YH. Status of 48Ca double beta decay search and its future prospect in CANDLES. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1468/1/012132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Lee HJ, No HK, Choi NJ, Sun HW, Lee JS, Jung YJ, Hong SK. The size of pelvic hematoma can be a predictive factor for angioembolization in hemodynamically unstable pelvic trauma. Ann Surg Treat Res 2020; 98:146-152. [PMID: 32158735 PMCID: PMC7052389 DOI: 10.4174/astr.2020.98.3.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Unstable pelvic fracture with bleeding can be fatal, with a mortality rate of up to 40%. Therefore, early detection and treatment are important in unstable pelvic trauma. We investigated the early predictive factors for possible embolization in patients with hemodynamically unstable pelvic trauma. Methods From January 2011 to December 2013, 46 patients with shock arrived at a single hospital within 24 hours after injury. Of them, 44 patients underwent CT scan after initial resuscitation, except for 2 who were dead on arrival. Nine patients with other organ injuries were excluded. Seventeen patients underwent embolization. A single radiologist measured the width (longest length in axial view) and length (longest length in coronal view) of pelvic hematoma on CT scans. Demographic, clinical, and radiological data were reviewed retrospectively. Results Among 35 patients with hemodynamically unstable pelvic fracture, 22 (62.9%) were men. Width (P = 0.002) and length (P = 0.006) of hematoma on CT scans were significantly different between the embolization and nonembolization groups. The predictors of embolization were width of pelvic hematoma (odds ratio [OR], 1.07; P = 0.028) and female sex (OR, 10.83; P = 0.031). The cutoff value was 3.35 cm. More embolization was performed (OR, 12.00; P = 0.003) and higher mortality was observed in patients with hematoma width >3.35 cm (OR, 4.96; P = 0.048). Conclusion Patients with hemodynamically unstable pelvic trauma have a high mortality rate. CT is useful for the initial identification of the need for embolization among these patients. The width of pelvic hematoma can predict possible embolization in patients with unstable pelvic trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hak-Jae Lee
- Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo-Keun No
- Korean Army Academy Hospital, Yeongcheon, Korea
| | - Nak-Joon Choi
- Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Sun
- Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Suk Lee
- Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon-Joong Jung
- Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suk-Kyung Hong
- Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Abu-Sbeih H, Ali FS, Tang T, Coronel E, Lee HJ, Pande M, Bresalier RS, Raju GS, Wang Y. Rate of colorectal neoplasia in patients with Hodgkin lymphoma. Colorectal Dis 2020; 22:154-160. [PMID: 31541529 DOI: 10.1111/codi.14855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM Survivors of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) are at increased risk of breast, lung, thyroid, stomach, pancreatic and colon cancer. There is limited information on the utility of endoscopic screening for colon cancer. We aimed to describe the adenoma detection rate (ADR) in patients with HL to determine the appropriate timing of colonoscopy screening. METHOD We retrospectively studied patients with HL who underwent colonoscopy between 2000 and 2017. RESULTS A total of 251 patients underwent colonoscopy. Eighty (32%) patients had 151 colonic polyps. Thirty per cent of the polyps exhibited high-grade dysplasia, and invasive colon adenocarcinoma was found in 10 patients. Patients with the nodular sclerosing subtype of HL had a significantly lower ADR than others (P = 0.002). The ADR was 5% in patients younger than 35 years (n = 64), 23% in patients between 35 and 40 years of age (n = 22), 39% in patients between 40 and 50 years of age (n = 51) and 46% in patients older than 50 years (n = 114).
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Affiliation(s)
- H Abu-Sbeih
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - F S Ali
- Department of Internal Medicine, Presence Saint Joseph Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - T Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - E Coronel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - H J Lee
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - M Pande
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - R S Bresalier
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - G S Raju
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Abstract
We investigated whether oral health, represented by missing teeth, was associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, including myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure (HF), stroke, and all-cause mortality. Subjects who underwent routine dental examinations and health checkups provided by the Korean National Health Insurance from 2007 to 2008 ( n = 4,440,970) were followed up for incident MI, HF, stroke, and death until 2016. During follow-up of 7.56 y, 68,063 (1.5%) subjects died, and 31,868 (0.7%) were admitted for MI, 22,637 (0.5%) for HF, and 30,941 (0.7%) for stroke. Cardiovascular events and mortality increased in proportion to tooth loss. Tooth loss was an independent risk factor for cardiovascular events after multivariable analysis adjusted for cardiovascular risk, behavioral, and income factors. Each missing tooth was associated with an approximately 1% increase in MI (HR, 1.010; 95% CI, 1.007 to 1.014), 1.5% increase in HF (HR, 1.016; 95% CI, 1.013 to 1.019) and stroke (HR, 1.015; 95% CI, 1.012 to 1.018), and 2% increase in mortality (HR, 1.022; 95% CI, 1.020 to 1.023). Having ≥5 missing teeth substantially increased risk for cardiovascular outcomes, and even a small number of missing teeth (1 to 4) was associated with an increased risk for MI, stroke, and death. This association was consistent in subgroup analyses and especially strong among the younger subjects (age <65 y) and those with periodontitis. In this large Korean nationwide cohort study, we found that tooth loss showed a dose-dependent association with incident MI, HF, ischemic stroke, and all-cause death and was a good predictor of cardiovascular outcome. In clinical practice, the number of missing teeth can aid physicians in discriminating patients with a higher cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Lee
- 1 Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - E K Choi
- 1 Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J B Park
- 2 Department of Periodontics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K D Han
- 3 Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Oh
- 1 Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Heighway PG, Sliwa M, McGonegle D, Wehrenberg C, Bolme CA, Eggert J, Higginbotham A, Lazicki A, Lee HJ, Nagler B, Park HS, Rudd RE, Smith RF, Suggit MJ, Swift D, Tavella F, Remington BA, Wark JS. Nonisentropic Release of a Shocked Solid. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 123:245501. [PMID: 31922830 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.245501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We present molecular dynamics simulations of shock and release in micron-scale tantalum crystals that exhibit postbreakout temperatures far exceeding those expected under the standard assumption of isentropic release. We show via an energy-budget analysis that this is due to plastic-work heating from material strength that largely counters thermoelastic cooling. The simulations are corroborated by experiments where the release temperatures of laser-shocked tantalum foils are deduced from their thermal strains via in situ x-ray diffraction and are found to be close to those behind the shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- P G Heighway
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - M Sliwa
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - D McGonegle
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - C Wehrenberg
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - C A Bolme
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Bikini Atoll Road, SM-30, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - J Eggert
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - A Higginbotham
- York Plasma Institute, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - A Lazicki
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - H J Lee
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - B Nagler
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - H-S Park
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - R E Rudd
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - R F Smith
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - M J Suggit
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - D Swift
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - F Tavella
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - B A Remington
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J S Wark
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
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Park JH, Jonas SF, Bataillon G, Criscitiello C, Salgado R, Loi S, Viale G, Lee HJ, Dieci MV, Kim SB, Vincent-Salomon A, Curigliano G, André F, Michiels S. Prognostic value of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in patients with early-stage triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) who did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy. Ann Oncol 2019; 30:1941-1949. [PMID: 31566659 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (sTILs) have been considered an important prognostic factor in early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), there have been limited data on their prognostic value in the absence of adjuvant chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS A pooled analysis was carried out using four cohorts of TNBC patients not treated with chemotherapy. sTILs were evaluated in the most representative tumoral block of surgical specimens. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used for invasive disease-free survival (iDFS), distant disease-free survival (D-DFS), and overall survival (OS), fitting sTILs as a continuous variable adjusted for clinicopathologic factors. RESULTS We analyzed individual data of 476 patients from 4 centers diagnosed between 1989 and 2015. Their median age was 64 years. The median tumor size was 1.6 cm and 83% were node-negative. The median level of sTILs was 10% (Q1-Q3, 4%-30%). Higher grade was associated with higher sTILs (P < 10-3). During follow-up, 107 deaths, and 173 and 118 events for iDFS and D-DFS were observed, respectively. In the multivariable analysis, sTILs obtained an independent prognostic value for all end points (likelihood ratio χ2 = 7.14 for iDFS; P < 10-2; χ2 = 9.63 for D-DFS, P < 10-2; χ2 = 5.96 for OS, P = 0.015). Each 10% increment in sTILs corresponded to a hazard ratio of 0.90 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.82 - 0.97] for iDFS, 0.86 (95% CI 0.77 - 0.95) for D-DFS, and 0.88 (95% CI 0.79 - 0.98) for OS, respectively. In patients with pathological stage I tumors with sTILs ≥30% (n = 74), 5-year iDFS was 91% (95% CI 84% to 96%), D-DFS was 97% (95% CI 93% to 100%), and OS was 98% (95% CI 95% to 100%). CONCLUSION sTILs add important prognostic information in systemically untreated early-stage TNBC patients. Notably, sTILs can identify a subset of stage I TNBC patients with an excellent prognosis without adjuvant chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Park
- Department of Medical Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul; Department of Hemato-Oncology, Konkuk Medical Center, University of Konkuk College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S F Jonas
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Gustave Roussy; INSERM, Unit 1018, University Paris-Sud, University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif
| | - G Bataillon
- Department of Pathology, Institut Curie, Université Paris Sciences Lettres, Paris, France
| | - C Criscitiello
- IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - R Salgado
- GZA, Antwerp, Belgium; Division of Clinical Medicine and Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - S Loi
- Division of Clinical Medicine and Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - G Viale
- Department of Pathology, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - H J Lee
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - M V Dieci
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova; Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - S-B Kim
- Department of Medical Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - A Vincent-Salomon
- Department of Pathology, Institut Curie, Université Paris Sciences Lettres, Paris, France; Inserm Unit 934, Paris, France
| | - G Curigliano
- IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - F André
- Department of Oncology, Gustave Roussy; INSERM, Unit 981, University Paris-Sud, University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - S Michiels
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Gustave Roussy; INSERM, Unit 1018, University Paris-Sud, University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif.
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Na YJ, Yoon HJ, Lee HJ, Kwon BS. 1865 Preventative and Therapeutic Effects of Low-Temperature Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma in a Mouse Model of Paclitaxel-Induced Neuropathy. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2019.09.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Lee JM, Seo YJ, Shim DB, Lee HJ, Kim SH. Surgical outcomes of tympanoplasty using a sterile acellular dermal allograft: a prospective randomised controlled study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 38:554-562. [PMID: 30623901 PMCID: PMC6325656 DOI: 10.14639/0392-100x-1839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Acellular human dermal allografts have been shown to be effective for soft-tissue implantation. We compared treatment outcomes of tympanoplasty using tragal perichondrium and acellular human dermal allograft (MegaDerm®). In a prospective randomised controlled study, 60 patients scheduled to undergo tympanoplasty were randomly assigned to the autologous tragal perichondrium group (n = 33) or acellular human dermal allograft group (n = 27). Postoperative hearing gain, graft success rate at 1 and 6 months and operation times were compared between groups. Graft success rate, defined as the complete closure of tympanic membrane perforation, did not show any significant intergroup difference (75.8% vs 85.2%, p = 0.519). Air conduction thresholds and air-bone gaps showed significant improvements in both groups; from 38.7 ± 15.9 dB to 30.2 ± 15.6 dB (p < 0.001) and from 17.8 ± 7.3 dB to 11.5 ± 7.0 (p = 0.001) in the autologous tragal perichondrium group, and from 30.4 ± 12.2 dB to 24.5 ± 13.0 dB (p = 0.006) and from 14.3 ± 5.1 dB to 7.6 ± 4.6 dB (p < 0.001) in the acellular human dermal allograft group. The amount of hearing gain (p = 0.31) and closure of air-bone gap (p = 0.863) were not meaningfully different between groups. The mean operation time was significantly lower in the acellular human dermal allograft group (35.2 min vs 27.4 min, p = 0.039). In this prospective randomised controlled study, acellular human dermal allograft was shown to be an effective alternative to tragal perichondrium, with similar graft success rates and postoperative hearing results, but with reduced operation times.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Y J Seo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - D B Shim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Myongji Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - H J Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S H Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Lee HJ, Kim DH, Na YJ, Kwon MR, Yoon HJ, Lee WJ, Woo SH. Factors associated with HIV/AIDS-related stigma and discrimination by medical professionals in Korea: A survey of infectious disease specialists in Korea. Niger J Clin Pract 2019; 22:675-681. [PMID: 31089023 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_440_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Objectives This study sought to identify factors associated with this discrimination by medical professionals in Korea. Subjects and Methods This study was a cross-sectional survey. We conducted web-based surveys against infectious disease specialists and infectious disease nurse. We evaluated the frequency of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS-related discrimination by medical professionals by health service type on the 5-point scale. We identified the association between several factors and HIV/AIDS-related stigma and discrimination by medical professionals on the 5-point scale. Results A total of 81 experts, 57 infectious disease specialists (approximately 27% of all infectious disease specialists in Korea) and 24 infectious disease nurse practitioners, participated in this study. The frequency of stigma and discrimination increased significantly when invasive treatment included both outpatient and inpatient services (both P < 0.05). Medical professional's preconceptions, fear of infection, and lack of knowledge have an association with HIV/AIDS-related stigma and discrimination by medical professionals. Conclusion HIV/AIDS-related stigma and discrimination by medical professionals in Korea might be associated with factors related to the fear of medical professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - D H Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y J Na
- Department of Research, Women with Disabilities Empathy, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M R Kwon
- Department of Research, Korean Network of People Living with HIV/AIDS, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Yoon
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - W J Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Woo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Coleman AL, Gorman MG, Briggs R, McWilliams RS, McGonegle D, Bolme CA, Gleason AE, Fratanduono DE, Smith RF, Galtier E, Lee HJ, Nagler B, Granados E, Collins GW, Eggert JH, Wark JS, McMahon MI. Identification of Phase Transitions and Metastability in Dynamically Compressed Antimony Using Ultrafast X-Ray Diffraction. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 122:255704. [PMID: 31347883 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.255704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ultrafast x-ray diffraction at the LCLS x-ray free electron laser has been used to resolve the structural behavior of antimony under shock compression to 59 GPa. Antimony is seen to transform to the incommensurate, host-guest phase Sb-II at ∼11 GPa, which forms on nanosecond timescales with ordered guest-atom chains. The high-pressure bcc phase Sb-III is observed above ∼15 GPa, some 8 GPa lower than in static compression studies, and mixed Sb-III/liquid diffraction are obtained between 38 and 59 GPa. An additional phase which does not exist under static compression, Sb-I^{'}, is also observed between 8 and 12 GPa, beyond the normal stability field of Sb-I, and resembles Sb-I with a resolved Peierls distortion. The incommensurate Sb-II high-pressure phase can be recovered metastably on release to ambient pressure, where it is stable for more than 10 ns.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Coleman
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, and Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94500, USA
| | - M G Gorman
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, and Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94500, USA
| | - R Briggs
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, and Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94500, USA
| | - R S McWilliams
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, and Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - D McGonegle
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - C A Bolme
- Shock and Detonation Physics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - A E Gleason
- Shock and Detonation Physics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - D E Fratanduono
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94500, USA
| | - R F Smith
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94500, USA
| | - E Galtier
- Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - H J Lee
- Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - B Nagler
- Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - E Granados
- Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - G W Collins
- Department of Mechanical of Engineering, University of Rochester, 235 Hopeman Building, P.O. Box 270132, Rochester, New York 12647, USA
| | - J H Eggert
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94500, USA
| | - J S Wark
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - M I McMahon
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, and Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
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Roh HG, Kim EY, Kim IS, Lee HJ, Park JJ, Lee SB, Choi JW, Jeon YS, Park M, Kim SU, Kim HJ. A Novel Collateral Imaging Method Derived from Time-Resolved Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MR Angiography in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Pilot Study. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019; 40:946-953. [PMID: 31097431 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Assessment of the collateral status has been emphasized for appropriate treatment decisions in patients with acute ischemic stroke. The purpose of this study was to introduce a multiphase MRA collateral imaging method (collateral map) derived from time-resolved dynamic contrast-enhanced MRA and to verify the value of the multiphase MRA collateral map in acute ischemic stroke by comparing it with the multiphase collateral imaging method (MRP collateral map) derived from dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced MR perfusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS From a prospectively maintained registry of acute ischemic stroke, MR imaging data of patients with acute ischemic stroke caused by steno-occlusive lesions of the unilateral ICA and/or the M1 segment of the MCA were analyzed. We generated collateral maps using dynamic signals from dynamic contrast-enhanced MRA and DSC-MRP using a Matlab-based in-house program and graded the collateral scores of the multiphase MRA collateral map and the MRP collateral map independently. Interobserver reliabilities and intermethod agreement between both collateral maps for collateral grading were tested. RESULTS Seventy-one paired multiphase MRA and MRP collateral maps from 67 patients were analyzed. The interobserver reliabilities for collateral grading using multiphase MRA or MRP collateral maps were excellent (weighted κ = 0.964 and 0.956, respectively). The agreement between both collateral maps was also excellent (weighted κ = 0.884; 95% confidence interval, 0.819-0.949). CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that the dynamic signals of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRA could be used to generate multiphase collateral images and showed the possibility of the multiphase MRA collateral map as a useful collateral imaging method in acute ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- H G Roh
- From the Departments of Radiology (H.G.R., J.W.C.)
| | - E Y Kim
- Department of Radiology (E.Y.K.), Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - I S Kim
- Siemens Healthineers Ltd (I.S.K.), Seoul, Korea
| | - H J Lee
- Departments of Neurosurgery (H.J.L., S.U.K.)
| | | | | | - J W Choi
- From the Departments of Radiology (H.G.R., J.W.C.)
| | - Y S Jeon
- Neurosurgery (Y.S.J.), Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - M Park
- Department of Radiology (M.P.), Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S U Kim
- Departments of Neurosurgery (H.J.L., S.U.K.)
| | - H J Kim
- Radiology (H.J.K.), Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon, Korea
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Masuda H, Miura S, Harano K, Wang Y, Hirota Y, Matsunaga Y, Lim B, Lucci A, Parinyanitikul N, Lee HJ, Gong G, Rao A, Seitz RS, Morris SW, Hout DR, Nakamura S, Tripathy D, Harada O, Krishnamurthy S, Ueno NT. Abstract P4-02-05: Apocrine morphology and LAR molecular subtype predict prognosis of TNBC patients with residual disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p4-02-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: TNBC molecular subtype classification updated by Lehmann et al. includes 4 subtypes: basal-like 1 and 2 (BL1), (BL2), mesenchymal (M), and luminal androgen receptor (LAR), and as a modifier of these subtypes, an Immunomodulatory (IM) gene expression signature. However, molecular subtypes have not been linked to morphological features of TNBC. Apocrine carcinoma has been proposed as a TNBC category that expresses androgen receptor. LAR-subtype TNBC has a poor response to neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NST). We hypothesized that defining the apocrine-featured TNBC by morphology and molecular subtype predict the prognosis of patients with residual disease after NST. Methods: We created the Pan-Pacific TNBC Consortium dataset, which contains paired samples of matched pre and post-NST TNBC tumors from 4 institutions. All patients received NST and didn't have a pathological complete response (pCR). Three pathologists examined hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides of 86 pre-NST samples and determined (1) the presence of apocrine differentiation, (2) the level of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), (3) the histological grade (HG), and (4) the rate of necrosis. These morphological features were compared among the subtypes. For a sample to be considered apocrine positive, apocrine differentiation had to be identified by 2 or more pathologists. Fisher's exact test was used to test the association of subtypes and morphological features. The log-rank test was used to compare disease-free survival (DFS). Results: Twelve of 24 (50%) apocrine-positive tumor samples were LAR subtype, and12 of 17 (70%) LAR-subtype tumor samples exhibited apocrine differentiation. The other subtypes showed following: BL1, 11/44 (25%); BL2, 0/7 (0%); M, 1/10 (10%); unclassified, 0/8 (0%). The median follow-up time was 22 months. In all populations, 2-year DFS rates were higher in patients with apocrine-positive tumors than in those whose tumors did not exhibit apocrine differentiation (P = .027; 2-year DFS, 85% vs 54%). The LAR subtype was also associated with lower HG, although LAR tumors had a similar prognosis to the other subtypes. In the combined analysis of subtypes and apocrine differentiation, patients with apocrine-positive LAR tumors had a higher 2-year DFS rate than did those with apocrine-negative LAR tumors (P = .044; 2-year DFS, 88% vs. 30%). However, patients with apocrine-positive BL1 tumors had no better DFS than did those with apocrine-negative BL1 tumors (P = .133). TIL levels and the presence of the IM signature were positively associated (P = .01), and apocrine differentiation positivity tended to be negatively associated with TIL level (P = .06). Neither TIL level nor IM signature was associated with survival. Conclusion: Apocrine differentiation was associated with the LAR subtype of TNBC and better prognosis in patients who did not have a pCR. The LAR subtype alone did not predict DFS; however, LAR tumors with apocrine differentiation had a better prognosis than did LAR tumors without apocrine differentiation. Using a combination of morphologic and genomic testing may be helpful in determining the prognosis of patients with apocrine-positive TNBC tumors who have residual disease after NST.
Citation Format: Masuda H, Miura S, Harano K, Wang Y, Hirota Y, Matsunaga Y, Lim B, Lucci A, Parinyanitikul N, Lee HJ, Gong G, Rao A, Seitz RS, Morris SW, Hout DR, Nakamura S, Tripathy D, Harada O, Krishnamurthy S, Ueno NT. Apocrine morphology and LAR molecular subtype predict prognosis of TNBC patients with residual disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-02-05.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Masuda
- Showa University, Tokyo, Japan; National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston; Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Insight Genetics, Inc.,, Nashville, TN; Kameda General Hospital, Kamogawa, Japan
| | - S Miura
- Showa University, Tokyo, Japan; National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston; Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Insight Genetics, Inc.,, Nashville, TN; Kameda General Hospital, Kamogawa, Japan
| | - K Harano
- Showa University, Tokyo, Japan; National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston; Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Insight Genetics, Inc.,, Nashville, TN; Kameda General Hospital, Kamogawa, Japan
| | - Y Wang
- Showa University, Tokyo, Japan; National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston; Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Insight Genetics, Inc.,, Nashville, TN; Kameda General Hospital, Kamogawa, Japan
| | - Y Hirota
- Showa University, Tokyo, Japan; National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston; Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Insight Genetics, Inc.,, Nashville, TN; Kameda General Hospital, Kamogawa, Japan
| | - Y Matsunaga
- Showa University, Tokyo, Japan; National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston; Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Insight Genetics, Inc.,, Nashville, TN; Kameda General Hospital, Kamogawa, Japan
| | - B Lim
- Showa University, Tokyo, Japan; National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston; Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Insight Genetics, Inc.,, Nashville, TN; Kameda General Hospital, Kamogawa, Japan
| | - A Lucci
- Showa University, Tokyo, Japan; National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston; Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Insight Genetics, Inc.,, Nashville, TN; Kameda General Hospital, Kamogawa, Japan
| | - N Parinyanitikul
- Showa University, Tokyo, Japan; National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston; Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Insight Genetics, Inc.,, Nashville, TN; Kameda General Hospital, Kamogawa, Japan
| | - HJ Lee
- Showa University, Tokyo, Japan; National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston; Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Insight Genetics, Inc.,, Nashville, TN; Kameda General Hospital, Kamogawa, Japan
| | - G Gong
- Showa University, Tokyo, Japan; National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston; Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Insight Genetics, Inc.,, Nashville, TN; Kameda General Hospital, Kamogawa, Japan
| | - A Rao
- Showa University, Tokyo, Japan; National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston; Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Insight Genetics, Inc.,, Nashville, TN; Kameda General Hospital, Kamogawa, Japan
| | - RS Seitz
- Showa University, Tokyo, Japan; National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston; Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Insight Genetics, Inc.,, Nashville, TN; Kameda General Hospital, Kamogawa, Japan
| | - SW Morris
- Showa University, Tokyo, Japan; National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston; Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Insight Genetics, Inc.,, Nashville, TN; Kameda General Hospital, Kamogawa, Japan
| | - DR Hout
- Showa University, Tokyo, Japan; National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston; Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Insight Genetics, Inc.,, Nashville, TN; Kameda General Hospital, Kamogawa, Japan
| | - S Nakamura
- Showa University, Tokyo, Japan; National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston; Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Insight Genetics, Inc.,, Nashville, TN; Kameda General Hospital, Kamogawa, Japan
| | - D Tripathy
- Showa University, Tokyo, Japan; National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston; Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Insight Genetics, Inc.,, Nashville, TN; Kameda General Hospital, Kamogawa, Japan
| | - O Harada
- Showa University, Tokyo, Japan; National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston; Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Insight Genetics, Inc.,, Nashville, TN; Kameda General Hospital, Kamogawa, Japan
| | - S Krishnamurthy
- Showa University, Tokyo, Japan; National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston; Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Insight Genetics, Inc.,, Nashville, TN; Kameda General Hospital, Kamogawa, Japan
| | - NT Ueno
- Showa University, Tokyo, Japan; National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston; Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Insight Genetics, Inc.,, Nashville, TN; Kameda General Hospital, Kamogawa, Japan
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Lee HB, Kim KE, Ju YW, Jung JG, Ryu HS, Lee SB, Lee JW, Lee HJ, Kim MS, Kwon S, Kim J, Kim C, Moon HG, Noh DY, Ahn SH, Park IA, Kim S, Yoon S, Kim A, Han W. Abstract P2-07-10: Not presented. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p2-07-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This abstract was not presented at the conference.
Citation Format: Lee H-B, Kim KE, Ju YW, Jung J-G, Ryu H-S, Lee SB, Lee JW, Lee HJ, Kim M-S, Kwon S, Kim J, Kim C, Moon H-G, Noh D-Y, Ahn S-H, Park I-A, Kim S, Yoon S, Kim A, Han W. Not presented [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-07-10.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-B Lee
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Asan Medican Center, Seoul, Korea; Seoul National University College of Engineering, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - KE Kim
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Asan Medican Center, Seoul, Korea; Seoul National University College of Engineering, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - YW Ju
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Asan Medican Center, Seoul, Korea; Seoul National University College of Engineering, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - J-G Jung
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Asan Medican Center, Seoul, Korea; Seoul National University College of Engineering, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - H-S Ryu
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Asan Medican Center, Seoul, Korea; Seoul National University College of Engineering, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - SB Lee
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Asan Medican Center, Seoul, Korea; Seoul National University College of Engineering, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - JW Lee
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Asan Medican Center, Seoul, Korea; Seoul National University College of Engineering, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - HJ Lee
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Asan Medican Center, Seoul, Korea; Seoul National University College of Engineering, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - M-S Kim
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Asan Medican Center, Seoul, Korea; Seoul National University College of Engineering, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Kwon
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Asan Medican Center, Seoul, Korea; Seoul National University College of Engineering, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Kim
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Asan Medican Center, Seoul, Korea; Seoul National University College of Engineering, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - C Kim
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Asan Medican Center, Seoul, Korea; Seoul National University College of Engineering, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - H-G Moon
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Asan Medican Center, Seoul, Korea; Seoul National University College of Engineering, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - D-Y Noh
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Asan Medican Center, Seoul, Korea; Seoul National University College of Engineering, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - S-H Ahn
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Asan Medican Center, Seoul, Korea; Seoul National University College of Engineering, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - I-A Park
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Asan Medican Center, Seoul, Korea; Seoul National University College of Engineering, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Kim
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Asan Medican Center, Seoul, Korea; Seoul National University College of Engineering, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Yoon
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Asan Medican Center, Seoul, Korea; Seoul National University College of Engineering, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - A Kim
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Asan Medican Center, Seoul, Korea; Seoul National University College of Engineering, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - W Han
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Asan Medican Center, Seoul, Korea; Seoul National University College of Engineering, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Kim J, Jo WK, Kim KY, Kim BJ, Lee SB, Lee HJ, Yu JH, Kim HJ, Chung IY, Ko BS, Kim SB, Jung KH, Ahn JH, Chang S, Lee JW, Son BH, Ahn SH. Abstract P4-01-11: Genomic alterations of cell-free DNA in early breast cancer patients with recurrence. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p4-01-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Cell-free DNA (cfDNA), as a non-invasive strategy, provides substantial benefit to overcome tumor heterogeneity. Surveillance of recurrence after standard treatment in early breast cancer (BC) using cfDNA, enables to detect minimal residual disease (MRD), also to identify genomic alterations driving recurrences. We aimed to assess the role of cfDNA in detecting MRD by investigating genomic alterations of 1)primary, recurred tumor and 2)cfDNA at time of recurrence using deep targeted sequencing. Fifty-four early BC patients were enrolled prospectively between 2014 and 2017 at time of recurrence. Median disease free interval was 28.5 months (rage 6.2-49.8). 62.7% (32/51) were hormone receptor (HR) positive (28 HRpos/HER2neg, 4 HRpos/HER2pos), 11.8% (6/51) were HRneg/HER2pos and 25.5% (13/51) were triple negative BCs. 59.3% (32/54) patients developed loco-regional recurrence (15 local recurrence only, 13 regional only, 4 with both) and distant metastasis was observed among 40.7% (22/54) patients. Cell-free DNA was extracted from 5cc blood at time of recurrence. Deep targeted sequencing was performed using customized NGS panel –encompassing 426 cancer-related target coding region, 242 fusion and amplification-related region- of cfDNA and FFPE(formalin fixed paraffin embedded) tumor samples archived from surgical resection or biopsy. Deep targeted sequencing data was successfully performed in 72.1% (31/43) plasma samples and sequencing yield was significantly lower when stored for more than 2yrs (46.2% vs 83.3%).
Mutations of cfDNA and tumor (primary, recurred) were analyzed. Mean sequencing depth of cfDNA and FFPE were x425.7 and x777.6 respectively. Median number of pathogenic mutations found in primary tumor, cfDNA and recurred tumor were 27(range 12-99), 25(range 8-85) and 9(range 0-23). Among mutations found in primary tumor, 27.4% were shared mutations (range 8.1%-72.7%) with recurred tumor and 26.1% were shared mutations (range 4.7%-69.2%) observed in cfDNA sample. Among mutations found in recurred tumor, 40.9% were observed in cfDNA (range 17.7-87.5%). In primary tumor, median number of mutations with allelic fraction (MAF)>10% were 12 (range 4-21) and at least one mutation was found in cfDNA at time of recurrence. Among mutations with MAF>10%, 59.4% and 69.1% were found in cfDNA and recurred tumor. Known oncogenic mutations of PIK3CA, TP53, GATA3, AKT1, ESR1, RELN, ERBB2, ERBB3, BRCA1 mutation were found. PIK3CA gene (p.H1047R) was found in two cases both in primary tumor and cfDNA at recurrence (MAF 11.4% vs 5.3% and 12.3% vs 15.4%) suggesting de novo driver mutation. One patient developed regional recurrence during adjuvant aromatase inhibitor with ESR1 V392I mutation in both cfDNA and recurred tumor (MAF 48.1 and 54.5%), while another patient's recurred tumor during aromatase inhibitor harbored ESR1 D538G mutation exclusively in recurred tumor with MAF <1%. Both patients had no ESR1 hotpot mutation in primary tumor.
Our data showed sequencing yield of 83.3% in plasma samples within 2yr. Pathogenic mutations in primary tumor, especially when MAF>10%, half of them was observed in cfDNA at time of recurrence. ESR1 mutation should be included in cfDNA surveillance for patients undergoing endocrine therapy even absent in primary tumor.
Citation Format: Kim J, Jo WK, Kim KY, Kim BJ, Lee SB, Lee HJ, Yu JH, Kim HJ, Chung IY, Ko BS, Kim S-B, Jung KH, Ahn JH, Chang S, Lee JW, Son BH, Ahn SH. Genomic alterations of cell-free DNA in early breast cancer patients with recurrence [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-01-11.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kim
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - WK Jo
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - KY Kim
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - BJ Kim
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - SB Lee
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - HJ Lee
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - JH Yu
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - HJ Kim
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - IY Chung
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - BS Ko
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S-B Kim
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - KH Jung
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - JH Ahn
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Chang
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - JW Lee
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - BH Son
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - SH Ahn
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee JS, An JM, Kang EA, Han YM, Kim YS, Lee HJ, Kim KJ, Surh YJ, Hahm KB. Host nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 defense system determines the outcome of dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice. J Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 69. [PMID: 30683827 DOI: 10.26402/jpp.2018.5.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Administration of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water led to significant bout of colitis simulating ulcerative colitis of human. However, colitis usually developed 5 - 7 days after DSS administration. Therefore, we hypothesized host defense system might protect colitis up to 5 days of DSS administration. 2.5% DSS-induced colitis were administered to C57BL/6 mice and sequential measurements of pathology, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), NADPH quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1), γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ-GCS), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2), and keap1 were done at 2, 6, 12, 24, 48, 96, 120, and 168 hour of DSS administration, respectively. DSS-induced colitis was repeated in either COX-2-/- or Nrf2-/- mice. On serial pathological analysis, significant colitis was noted after 120 h of DSS administration, during which both activations of COX-2/NF-κB and HO-1/Nrf2 were noted. Nrf2 activations after keap1 inactivation led to significant increases in HO-1 after 168 hours of DSS administration, when NF-κB nuclear translocation was noted. Significantly attenuated colitis was noted in DSS-challenged COX-2-/- mice, in which the levels of HO-1 were significantly decreased compared to DSS-challenged WT littermates (p < 0.01), while the levels of NQO1 were significantly increased. On DSS administration to Nrf2-/- mice, colitis was significantly aggravated (p < 0.01), in which the expressions of COX-2 as well as expressions of HO-1 and γ-GCS were significantly increased (p < 0.01). Reciprocal activations of inflammatory and antioxidative defense signaling after DSS administration might be prerequisite to make intestinal homeostasis and host defense Nrf2 system can determine colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Lee
- Jeonju University, College of Biotechnology and Functional Foods, Jeonju, Korea
| | - J M An
- CHA Cancer Prevention Research Center, CHA Bio Complex, Pangyo, Korea
| | - E A Kang
- CHA Cancer Prevention Research Center, CHA Bio Complex, Pangyo, Korea
| | - Y M Han
- CHA Cancer Prevention Research Center, CHA Bio Complex, Pangyo, Korea
| | - Y S Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hanyang University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H J Lee
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - K-J Kim
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y J Surh
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - K-B Hahm
- CHA Cancer Prevention Research Center, CHA Bio Complex, Pangyo, Korea. .,Digestive Disease Center, CHA University Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam, Korea
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Monfils MH, Lee HJ, Keller NE, Roquet RF, Quevedo S, Agee L, Cofresi R, Shumake J. Predicting extinction phenotype to optimize fear reduction. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2019; 236:99-110. [PMID: 30218131 PMCID: PMC6391193 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-018-5005-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Fear conditioning is widely employed to study dysregulations of the fear system. The repeated presentation of a conditioned stimulus in the absence of a reinforcer leads to a decrease in fear responding-a phenomenon known as extinction. From a translational perspective, identifying whether an individual might respond well to extinction prior to intervention could prove important to treatment outcomes. Here, we test the hypothesis that CO2 reactivity predicts extinction phenotype in rats, and that variability in CO2 reactivity as well as extinction long-term memory (LTM) significantly predicts orexin activity in the lateral hypothalamus (LH). Our results validate a rat model of CO2 reactivity and show that subcomponents of behavioral reactivity following acute CO2 exposure explain a significant portion of the variance in extinction LTM. Furthermore, we show evidence that variability in CO2 reactivity is also significantly predictive of orexin activity in the LH, and that orexin activity, in turn, significantly accounts for LTM variance. Our findings open the possibility that we may be able to use CO2 reactivity as a screening tool to determine if individuals are good candidates for an extinction/exposure-based approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Monfils
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
- Institute for Neuroscience, Austin, TX, USA.
- Institute for Mental Health Research, Austin, TX, USA.
| | - H J Lee
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Institute for Neuroscience, Austin, TX, USA
| | - N E Keller
- Institute for Neuroscience, Austin, TX, USA
| | - R F Roquet
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - S Quevedo
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - L Agee
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - R Cofresi
- Institute for Neuroscience, Austin, TX, USA
| | - J Shumake
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Institute for Mental Health Research, Austin, TX, USA
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Hilz EN, Lewis SM, Park S, Monfils MH, Lee HJ. Extinction to amphetamine-associated context in female rats is dependent upon conditioned orienting. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2019; 236:507-515. [PMID: 30343363 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-018-5073-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Females are considered more susceptible to the reinforcing effects of drugs and subsequently at increased risk for drug abuse and relapse after treatment. Estrogen is known to facilitate drug effects in females. However, other factors which contribute to the incidence of drug abuse are important to identify in order to recognize early risk factors and develop effective prevention and treatment schemes. Cue-directed behavior (aka sign tracking) has been implicated as a behavioral phenotype which identifies populations susceptible to drug abuse, partly due to its association with impulsivity and heightened dopamine function. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS In this study, we investigate the viability of conditioned orienting (a form of cue-directed behavior) as a potential phenotype which predicts drug proclivity in female rats. In addition, we examine any influence endogenous female hormones across the estrous cycle may have on conditioned orienting and drug proclivity. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Utilizing an amphetamine-conditioned place preference task, results suggest that the orienting phenotype is an effective predictor of drug proclivity in females. Rats exhibiting enhanced orienting behavior show more robust preference for an amphetamine-associated context and are more resistant to extinction of this preference than nonorienting counterparts. Furthermore, both conditioned orienting behavior and conditioned place preference are minimally influenced by the estrous cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- E N Hilz
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, 108 E. Dean Keeton Stop A8000, Austin, TX, 78712-1043, USA
| | - S M Lewis
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - S Park
- Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - M H Monfils
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, 108 E. Dean Keeton Stop A8000, Austin, TX, 78712-1043, USA.,Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.,Institute for Mental Health Research, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - H J Lee
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, 108 E. Dean Keeton Stop A8000, Austin, TX, 78712-1043, USA. .,Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
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49
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McBride EE, White TG, Descamps A, Fletcher LB, Appel K, Condamine F, Curry CB, Dallari F, Funk S, Galtier E, Gamboa EJ, Gauthier M, Goede S, Kim JB, Lee HJ, Ofori-Okai BK, Oliver M, Rigby A, Schoenwaelder C, Sun P, Tschentscher T, Witte BBL, Zastrau U, Gregori G, Nagler B, Hastings J, Glenzer SH, Monaco G. Erratum: "Setup for meV-resolution inelastic X-ray scattering measurements and X-ray diffraction at the Matter in Extreme Conditions endstation at the Linac Coherent Light Source" [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 89, 10F104 (2018)]. Rev Sci Instrum 2018; 89:129901. [PMID: 30599579 DOI: 10.1063/1.5084054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E E McBride
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - T G White
- University of Nevada at Reno, Reno, Nevada 89506, USA
| | - A Descamps
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - L B Fletcher
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - K Appel
- European XFEL GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, D-22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - F Condamine
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC, LULI, UMR 7605, Case 128, 4 Place Jussieu 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - C B Curry
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - F Dallari
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trento, via Sommarive 14, 38123 Povo, TN, Italy
| | - S Funk
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Erwin-Rommel-Str. 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - E Galtier
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - E J Gamboa
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M Gauthier
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S Goede
- European XFEL GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, D-22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - J B Kim
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - H J Lee
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - B K Ofori-Okai
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M Oliver
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - A Rigby
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - C Schoenwaelder
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - P Sun
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Th Tschentscher
- European XFEL GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, D-22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - B B L Witte
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - U Zastrau
- European XFEL GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, D-22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - G Gregori
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - B Nagler
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - J Hastings
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S H Glenzer
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - G Monaco
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trento, via Sommarive 14, 38123 Povo, TN, Italy
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50
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Gorman MG, Coleman AL, Briggs R, McWilliams RS, McGonegle D, Bolme CA, Gleason AE, Galtier E, Lee HJ, Granados E, Śliwa M, Sanloup C, Rothman S, Fratanduono DE, Smith RF, Collins GW, Eggert JH, Wark JS, McMahon MI. Femtosecond diffraction studies of solid and liquid phase changes in shock-compressed bismuth. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16927. [PMID: 30446720 PMCID: PMC6240068 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35260-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Bismuth has long been a prototypical system for investigating phase transformations and melting at high pressure. Despite decades of experimental study, however, the lattice-level response of Bi to rapid (shock) compression and the relationship between structures occurring dynamically and those observed during slow (static) compression, are still not clearly understood. We have determined the structural response of shock-compressed Bi to 68 GPa using femtosecond X-ray diffraction, thereby revealing the phase transition sequence and equation-of-state in unprecedented detail for the first time. We show that shocked-Bi exhibits a marked departure from equilibrium behavior - the incommensurate Bi-III phase is not observed, but rather a new metastable phase, and the Bi-V phase is formed at significantly lower pressures compared to static compression studies. We also directly measure structural changes in a shocked liquid for the first time. These observations reveal new behaviour in the solid and liquid phases of a shocked material and give important insights into the validity of comparing static and dynamic datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Gorman
- SUPA, School of Physics & Astronomy, and Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, UK.
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA, 94500, USA.
| | - A L Coleman
- SUPA, School of Physics & Astronomy, and Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, UK
| | - R Briggs
- SUPA, School of Physics & Astronomy, and Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, UK
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA, 94500, USA
| | - R S McWilliams
- SUPA, School of Physics & Astronomy, and Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, UK
| | - D McGonegle
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - C A Bolme
- Shock and Detonation Physics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, USA
| | - A E Gleason
- Shock and Detonation Physics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, USA
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA
| | - E Galtier
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - H J Lee
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - E Granados
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - M Śliwa
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - C Sanloup
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS-INSU, Institut des Sciences de la Terre Paris, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - S Rothman
- Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, Reading, RG7 4PR, United Kingdom
| | - D E Fratanduono
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA, 94500, USA
| | - R F Smith
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA, 94500, USA
| | - G W Collins
- Departments of Mechanical Engineering, Physics and Astronomy, and Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
| | - J H Eggert
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA, 94500, USA
| | - J S Wark
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - M I McMahon
- SUPA, School of Physics & Astronomy, and Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, UK
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