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Guzmán DC, Brizuela NO, Herrera MO, Olguín HJ, Peraza AV, Ruíz NL, Mejía GB. Intake of oligoelements with cytarabine or etoposide alters dopamine levels and oxidative damage in rat brain. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10835. [PMID: 38736022 PMCID: PMC11089036 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61766-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Research on the relationships between oligoelements (OE) and the development of cancer or its prevention is a field that is gaining increasing relevance. The aim was to evaluate OE and their interactions with oncology treatments (cytarabine or etoposide) to determine the effects of this combination on biogenic amines and oxidative stress biomarkers in the brain regions of young Wistar rats. Dopamine (DA), 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-Hiaa), Glutathione (Gsh), Tiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and Ca+2, Mg+2 ATPase enzyme activity were measured in brain regions tissues using spectrophometric and fluorometric methods previously validated. The combination of oligoelements and cytarabine increased dopamine in the striatum but decreased it in cerebellum/medulla-oblongata, whereas the combination of oligoelements and etoposide reduced lipid peroxidation. These results suggest that supplementation with oligoelements modifies the effects of cytarabine and etoposide by redox pathways, and may become promising therapeutic targets in patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maribel Ortíz Herrera
- Laboratory of Experimental Bacteriology, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Hugo Juárez Olguín
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria, Av. Iman No.1, 3er piso, Col. Cuicuilco, 04530, Mexico City, CP, Mexico.
- Department of Pharmacology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | | | - Norma Labra Ruíz
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Barragán Mejía
- Laboratory of Experimental Bacteriology, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria, Mexico City, Mexico
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Calderón Guzmán D, Osnaya Brizuela N, Ortiz Herrera M, Juárez Olguín H, Veloz Corona Q, Sanchez Reyes L, Valenzuela Peraza A, Barragán Mejía G. Oseltamivir induces favorable response on oxidative damage in the brain of rats treated with Bezafibrate. Int J Neurosci 2022; 132:574-581. [DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2020.1828882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Calderón Guzmán
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, National Institute of Pediatrics (NIP), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Norma Osnaya Brizuela
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, National Institute of Pediatrics (NIP), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Hugo Juárez Olguín
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, NIP and Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Quetzalli Veloz Corona
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, NIP and Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Lulu Sanchez Reyes
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, NIP and Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
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Ruiz NAL, Del Ángel DS, Brizuela NO, Peraza AV, Olguín HJ, Soto MP, Guzmán DC. Inflammatory Process and Immune System in Major Depressive Disorder. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2022; 25:46-53. [PMID: 34724041 PMCID: PMC8756095 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyab072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most common psychiatric illnesses in the general population. In mental disorders, the activation of inflammatory pathways in the brain is a major producer of excitotoxicity and an inducer of oxidative stress. The occurrence of these 2 events is partly responsible for the neuronal damage inherent in patients with mental disorders. In the case of MDD, the release of hormone and increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines in plasma and indicators of oxidative stress have been identified as consequences of this event. The most important affectations in patients with MDD are changes in their cognitive and executive functions due to brain inflammation. Hence, these biomarkers can serve as diagnostic and severity classification tools and treatment. In this work, we described the communication pathway between the immune and neuroendocrine systems in MDD and suggested possible therapeutic options for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Norma Osnaya Brizuela
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | | | - David Calderón Guzmán
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), Mexico City, Mexico
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Saldaña NG, Parra MM, Olguín HJ, Bejarano JIC, Soto MP, Jiménez FT. Tuberculosis in Children in a Pediatric Hospital in Mexico. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2022; 106:75-79. [PMID: 34814111 PMCID: PMC8733518 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-1482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global problem and a diagnostic challenge, especially in pediatrics. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical, microbiological, radiological, and histopathological data of TB in children. A 7-year retrospective and descriptive cohort study that included 127 patients under 18 years of age with diagnosis of active TB was conducted from 2011 to 2018 in a pediatric hospital. Tuberculosis was microbiologically confirmed using Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining, culture or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in a total of 94 (74%) cases. Thirty-three cases were defined as probable TB based on tuberculin skin test result and epidemiological evaluation. The TB forms found were lymph node (39.3%), bone (15.7%), lung (13.6%), and meningeal TB (8.6%). The most common symptoms were fever (48.8%) and adenopathy (45.6%). History of contact was established in 34.6%. Positive ZN staining (sensitivity 30%) and culture (sensitivity 37%) were found in 29% and 37.7% of subjects, respectively. About 64.5% depicted abnormal chest X-ray. Xpert MTB/RIF® (PCR) was positive in 9.4% and biopsy was compatible in 52.7% of these samples. It is fundamental to have laboratory and epidemiological evaluation that support the diagnosis of the disease in children and thus, define its management; since, in most cases, early microbiologic confirmation is lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mercedes Macías Parra
- Department of Infectology, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria (INP), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Hugo Juárez Olguín
- Department of Pharmacology, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria (INP), Mexico City, Mexico;,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico,Address correspondence to Hugo Juárez Olguín, Laboratorio de Farmacología, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Avenida Imán N 1, 3rd piso Colonia Cuicuilco, CP 04530, Ciudad de Mexico. E-mail:
| | | | - Monica Punzo Soto
- Department of Pharmacology, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria (INP), Mexico City, Mexico
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González Saldaña N, Macías Parra M, Xochihua Díaz L, Palavicini Rueda M, Carmona Vargas AJ, Castillo Bejarano JI, Veloz Corona Q, Juárez Olguín H, Chavez Pacheco JL. A 20-year retrospective study of osteoarticular tuberculosis in a pediatric third level referral center. BMC Pulm Med 2021; 21:265. [PMID: 34399724 PMCID: PMC8365951 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-021-01631-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The objective of the present study is to describe the clinical, diagnostic, radiological and therapeutic aspects of osteoarticular tuberculosis (OATB) in patients in a tertiary pediatric hospital, to know if the diagnosis of OATB in pediatrics is a challenge due to its insidious clinical presentation. Methods A retrospective, descriptive study of the cases of Tuberculosis (TB) in children was carried out. A total of 159 cases met the condition for the analysis. Results The most frequent TB modality was extrapulmonary in 85%. Out of this, only 29% was OATB. The mean age was 4.9 years (range 8 months–16 years). Eighty-six per cent of cases received Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination at birth. Median time of symptoms prior to diagnosis was 8 months. Microbiological confirmation was achieved only in five cases, with a high sensitivity to the antimicrobial treatment. Mycobacterium bovis BCG strain Tokio 172 was confirmed in three cases. Mortality rate was 0% during the time of study Conclusion Our study describes the epidemiological characteristics of OATB cases in Mexican children. This data revealed a high prevalence of bone and joint TB infection. Pediatric OATB should be considered in cases with lytic bone lesions, fever and local pain. In countries with BCG immunization program, M. bovis should not be forgotten as an etiological agent. The low detection rate with one technique approach highlights the urgent need for more sensitive test to diagnose OATB in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Napoleón González Saldaña
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria (INP), Insurgentes Sur Avenue No. 3700-C, Cuicuilco District, CP 04530, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Luis Xochihua Díaz
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria (INP), Insurgentes Sur Avenue No. 3700-C, Cuicuilco District, CP 04530, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Ana Jocelyn Carmona Vargas
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria (INP), Insurgentes Sur Avenue No. 3700-C, Cuicuilco District, CP 04530, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Iván Castillo Bejarano
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria (INP), Insurgentes Sur Avenue No. 3700-C, Cuicuilco District, CP 04530, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Quetzalli Veloz Corona
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Avenida Imán N° 1, 3rd piso Colonia Cuicuilco, CP 04530, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Hugo Juárez Olguín
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Avenida Imán N° 1, 3rd piso Colonia Cuicuilco, CP 04530, Mexico City, Mexico. .,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, CP 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Juan Luis Chavez Pacheco
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Avenida Imán N° 1, 3rd piso Colonia Cuicuilco, CP 04530, Mexico City, Mexico
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Calderón Guzmán D, Osnaya Brizuela N, Ortiz Herrera M, Juárez Olguín H, Valenzuela Peraza A, Hernández García E, Barragán Mejía G. Folic acid increases levels of GHS in brain of rats with oxidative stress induced with 3-nitropropionic acid. Arch Physiol Biochem 2020; 126:1-6. [PMID: 30269600 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2018.1484771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Aim: This study tested the hypothesis that folic acid (FA) modulates biogenic amines and protects the brain against oxidative stress induced by 3-nitropropionic acid (3NPA).Methods: Male Wistar rats received (groups of six) for 5 d: FA (50 mg/kg); 3NPA (10 mg/kg); or FA +3NPA. At last day, rats were sacrificed, and their brain was obtained to measure the levels of dopamine, 5-hydroxiindol acetic acid (5-HIAA). Reduced glutathione (GSH), total ATPase, H2O2 and lipid peroxidation were measured.Results: GSH increased significantly in cortex of rats treated with FA. ATPase increased significantly in cerebellum/medulla oblongata and decreased in cortex of animal treated with 3NPA. 5-HIAA increased in striatum of rats that received 3NPA alone or combined with FA.Conclusion: 3NPA generates free radicals such effect can be counteracted with FA administration since this folate increases antioxidant capacity and modulates biogenic amines.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Calderón Guzmán
- Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Mexico City, México
| | - Norma Osnaya Brizuela
- Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Mexico City, México
| | | | - Hugo Juárez Olguín
- Laboratorio de Bacteriología Experimental, INP, Mexico City, México
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, INP. Facultad de Medicina UNAM, Mexico City, México
| | | | - Ernestina Hernández García
- Laboratorio de Bacteriología Experimental, INP, Mexico City, México
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, INP. Facultad de Medicina UNAM, Mexico City, México
| | - Gerardo Barragán Mejía
- Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Mexico City, México
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Calderón Guzmán D, Juárez Olguín H, Veloz Corona Q, Ortiz Herrera M, Osnaya Brizuela N, Barragán Mejía G. Consumption of Cooked Common Beans or Saponins Could Reduce the Risk of Diabetic Complications. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:3481-3486. [PMID: 33061508 PMCID: PMC7537848 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s270564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Several risks for diseases, such as atherosclerosis, renal diseases, and diabetes, have inextricably been linked with obesity. Nowadays, this health-risk-laden disease is being managed with assorted types of drugs, some of which guarantee modest benefits. The chronic inflammatory effect of obesity has a negative effect in insulin signaling, a situation attributable to insulin resistance that culminates in high blood sugar inputs seen in diseases such as type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Food such as beans with different bioactive compounds could reduce the risk of diabetic complications. Demand for bean products is growing because of its robust contents of several health-promoting components, eg, saponins. Saponins are characterized by containing lower glucose and cholesterol levels and have been doted with antioxidant activities, as well as anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic effects. In this writing, the attributes of saponins in providing substantial health and nutritional benefits in humans, as well as in improving and ameliorating diabetic complications, were reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Calderón Guzmán
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Hugo Juárez Olguín
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, INP, Mexico City, Mexico
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- Correspondence: Hugo Juárez Olguín Laboratorio de Farmacología, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Avenida Imán N° 1, 3rd Piso Colonia Cuicuilco CP, Mexico City04530Mexico Tel/Fax +52 55 56161489 Email
| | | | | | - Norma Osnaya Brizuela
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), Mexico City, Mexico
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Olguín HJ. Approach to Optimize Pharmacological Treatment in Children. Dose Response 2019; 17:1559325819863986. [PMID: 31384240 PMCID: PMC6657128 DOI: 10.1177/1559325819863986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Juárez Olguín
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Institute of Pediatrics and Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
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Calderón Guzmán D, Juárez Olguín H, Osnaya Brizuela N, Hernández Garcia E, Lindoro Silva M. The Use of Trace and Essential Elements in Common Clinical Disorders: Roles in Assessment of Health and Oxidative Stress Status. Nutr Cancer 2019; 71:13-20. [PMID: 30663392 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2018.1557214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
During the early life, the diet of infants is mainly dominated by milk. Milk is a natural food rich in trace elements focus on essential elements. These elements are very necessary for human metabolism and since they cannot be synthesized by the body, the only source available for the humans to obtain them is by ingestion of natural food. This mini-review aims at updating the knowledge on trace elements, outlining their natural food sources, and their possible implications in common clinical disorders in early and adult life. However, it was found that consumption of food with micronutrients and trace elements may release intracellular compounds and offer oxidative protection or exacerbate oxidative damage to metabolically compromised cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Calderón Guzmán
- a Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Hugo Juárez Olguín
- b Laboratorio de Farmacología, INP and Facultad de Medicina , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Mexico City , Mexico
| | - Norma Osnaya Brizuela
- a Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ernestina Hernández Garcia
- b Laboratorio de Farmacología, INP and Facultad de Medicina , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Mexico City , Mexico
| | - Miroslava Lindoro Silva
- b Laboratorio de Farmacología, INP and Facultad de Medicina , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Mexico City , Mexico
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Saldaña NG, Ranero ARDC, Trujillo DMG, la Garza EAD, Tortoriello AIQ, Ruiz BV, Jurado RR, Olguín HJ, Silva ML. Osteitis secondary to BCG vaccine in immunocompetent patients: Three case reports. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e13871. [PMID: 30608406 PMCID: PMC6344172 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000013871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Osteitis corresponds to a rare but potentially serious complication reported in pediatric population after the application of the Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine. In the present study, 3 clinical cases associated with this entity are reported. PATIENT CONCERNS The 1st case corresponds to a 1-year-old female patient who presented an increase in the volume of the right pelvic limb after BCG application. The second case is a 2-year-old male who began with an increase in volume, overactive gait and pain at the level of the left knee on walking that began after a trauma in the left low limb. The 3rd case corresponds to a 3-year-old patient who started with intense pain and limitation for ambulation. DIAGNOSIS Both the radiographical and histological studies presented data suggestive of infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, corroborated through biopsy and genotyping analysis with the isolation of Mycobacterium bovis as the causal agent. INTERVENTIONS The basic treatment scheme was based on Ethambutol, Rifampicin, Pyrazinamide, and Isoniazid. When M. bovis was typified, clarithromycin was added in the treatment. OUTCOMES Osteitis secondary to BCG vaccine usually has a favorable evolution, especially in immunocompetent patients. LESSONS It was possible to confirm the association of BCG vaccine with the clinical picture of the patients who presented improvement after the start of antimicrobial management. Osteitis secondary to BCG vaccine usually presents a favorable evolution, especially in immunocompetent patients; however, the involvement of joint, growth discs and vertebrae increases the risk of presenting long-term sequels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Bárbara Varela Ruiz
- Laboratory of Microbiology, National Institute of Nutrition and Medical Science
| | | | - Hugo Juárez Olguín
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, NIP, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico
| | - Miroslava Lindoro Silva
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, NIP, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico
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Guzmán DC, Brizuela NO, Herrera MO, Olguín HJ, Peraza AV, García EH, Jiménez FT, Mejía GB. Cytarabine and Ferric Carboxymaltose (Fe+3) Increase Oxidative Damage and Alter Serotonergic Metabolism in Brain. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets 2019; 18:149-155. [PMID: 30484410 DOI: 10.2174/1871527318666181128144343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Revised: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to measure the effect on brain biomarkers after treatment with anticancer compounds - cytarabine (CT) and ferric carboxymaltose (FC) (Fe+3) in Wistar rats. METHODS The Wistar rats were treated as follows: group 1 (control), NaCl 0.9%; group 2, CT (25 mg/k), group 3, FC(Fe+3) (50 mg/k) and group 4, CT + FC(Fe+3). The animals were sacrificed and their brains were obtained and used to measure lipoperoxidation (TBARS), H2O2, Na+, K+ ATPase, glutathione (GSH), serotonin metabolite (5-HIAA) and dopamine. The results indicated an enhancement of lipid peroxidation in the cortex and striatum of groups treated with FC(Fe+3) and CT, while GSH decreased in the cortex of group treated with CT + FC(Fe+3). Dopamine decreased in the cortex of the rats that received CT, while in the striatum, 5HIAA increased in all groups. RESULTS & CONCLUSION These results suggest that the treatment with CT and FC(Fe+3) boosted oxidative stress and led to an alteration in momoamine concentrations in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maribel Ortíz Herrera
- Laboratory of Experimental Bacteriology, National Institute of Pediatrics, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Hugo Juárez Olguín
- Laboratory of Pharmacology. National Institute of Pediatrics, and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Ernestina Hernández García
- Laboratory of Pharmacology. National Institute of Pediatrics, and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Francisca Trujillo Jiménez
- Laboratory of Pharmacology. National Institute of Pediatrics, and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
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Peraza AV, Guzmán DC, Brizuela NO, Herrera MO, Olguín HJ, Silva ML, Tapia BJ, Mejía GB. Riboflavin and pyridoxine restore dopamine levels and reduce oxidative stress in brain of rats. BMC Neurosci 2018; 19:71. [PMID: 30413185 PMCID: PMC6230234 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-018-0474-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurological disorders suggest that the excitotoxicity involves a drastic increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentrations and the formation of reactive oxygen species. The presence of these free radicals may also affect the dopaminergic system. The aim of this work was to determine if riboflavin (B2) and pyridoxine (B6) provide protection to the brain against free radicals generated by 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NPA) by measuring the levels of dopamine (DA) and selected oxidative stress markers. METHODS Male Fisher rats were grouped (n = 6) and treated as follows: group 1, control (NaCl 0.9%); group 2, 3-NPA (20 mg/kg); group 3, B2 (10 mg/kg); group 4, B2 (10 mg/kg) + 3-NPA (20 mg/kg); group 5, B6 (10 mg/kg) and group 6, B6 + 3-NPA. All treatments were administered every 24 h for 5 days by intraperitoneal route. After sacrifice, the brain was obtained to measure DA, GSH, and lipid peroxidation, Ca2+, Mg2+, ATPase and H2O2. MAIN FINDINGS Levels of dopamine increased in cortex, striatum and cerebellum/medulla oblongata of animals that received 3-NPA alone. The lipid peroxidation increased in cortex, striatum, and cerebellum/medulla oblongata, of animals treated with B2 vitamin alone. ATPase dependent on Ca+2, Mg+2 and H2O2 increased in all regions of animals that received 3-NPA alone. CONCLUSION The results confirm the capacity of 3-NPA to generate oxidative stress. Besides, the study suggests that B2 or B6 vitamins restored the levels of DA and reduced oxidative stress in brain of rats. We believe that these results would help in the study of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Calderón Guzmán
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Norma Osnaya Brizuela
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Hugo Juárez Olguín
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av Imán #1, 3er piso, Col Cuicuilco, CP 04530 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Miroslava Lindoro Silva
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av Imán #1, 3er piso, Col Cuicuilco, CP 04530 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Belén Juárez Tapia
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av Imán #1, 3er piso, Col Cuicuilco, CP 04530 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Barragán Mejía
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), Mexico City, Mexico
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Abstract
For many years, depressive disorder (DD) was considered a transient and natural disease of people's mood. Its etiology had been attributed mainly to biochemical alterations of the monoamines and their receptors. Nevertheless, its prevalence and considerable impact on the family and social environment of those afflicted by it have placed the disease as a global public health problem. Neuroprogression is the term used to describe the changes in several psychiatric conditions evidenced and observed in the clinical manifestations, biochemical markers, and cerebral structures of the patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), which frequently overlap with neurodegenerative disorders. DD is considered a potentially aggressive state of neuronal deterioration involving apoptosis, reduced neurogenesis, decreased neuronal plasticity, and increased immune response. Clinically, it encompasses a poor response to treatment and an increase in depressive episodes, both of which bring about vulnerability and decline of functions associated with structural changes in the brain. The interest of this work is to review the metabolic processes involved in the morphologic alterations in the limbic system reported in patients with MDD, as well as the neurologic bases of this complex pathology that include environmental stress, genetic vulnerability, alterations in the neurotransmission, and changes in the neuroplasticity, all of which today bring into limelight a mechanism of progressive neuronal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norma A Labra Ruiz
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria (INP), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Hugo Juárez Olguín
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Miroslava Lindoro Silva
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
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Guzmán DC, Brizuela NO, Herrera MO, Olguín HJ, Peraza AV, Mejía GB. β-Cyclodextrin and oleic acid increase levels of dopamine and potentiates oxidative damage in young and adult rat brain. Lipids Health Dis 2018; 17:172. [PMID: 30045742 PMCID: PMC6060500 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-018-0816-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cyclodextrins are active pharmaceutical ingredients to treat neurological diseases by reducing neurotoxicity. The aim of this study was to test if combined consumption of β-cyclodextrin (BCD) and Oleic acid (OA) potentiates brain antioxidant protection. Methods Four groups of young Wistar rats, grouped in 6 animals each, were treated as follows: Group (G) 1, saline solution 0.9% (control); G2, BCD (0.7 g/kg); G3, OA (15 ml/kg); G4, BCD + OA. The same design was assayed for groups of adult rats. Treatments were daily administered by oral means for five consecutive days. On the last day of administration, brains of the animals were extracted to measure dopamine, 5-HIAA, glutathione (GSH), ATPase, Lipoperoxidation and H2O2. Results Oleic acid and β-cyclodextrin upgraded the levels of dopamine, 5-HIAA and lipid peroxidation and downgraded the concentrations of GSH and H2O2 in cortex, hemispheres (striatum) and cerebellum/medulla oblongata regions. Conclusions The results of the present study suggest that combined use of oleic acid and β-cyclodextrin may increase oxidative damage in brain regions and promote alteration in dopamine and 5-HIAA amines and hence, constitutes health risks among age of subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Calderón Guzmán
- Laboratorio de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Norma Osnaya Brizuela
- Laboratorio de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Hugo Juárez Olguín
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, INP. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Imán N° 1, 3rd piso Colonia Cuicuilco CP, 04530, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Guzmán DC, Herrera MO, Brizuela NO, Mejía GB, García EH, Olguín HJ, Ruíz NL, Peraza AV. Oseltamivir and indomethacin reduce the oxidative stress in brain and stomach of infected rats. APMIS 2017; 126:128-134. [PMID: 29271004 DOI: 10.1111/apm.12794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of oseltamivir and indomethacin on lipid peroxidation (LP), GABA levels, and ATPase activity in brain and stomach of normal and infected rats (IR), as novel inflammation model. Female Sprague Dawley rats grouped five each, either in the absence or presence of a live culture of Salmonella typhimurium (S. typh), were treated as follows: group 1 (control), PBS buffer; group 2, oseltamivir (100 mg/kg); group 3, indomethacin (67 μg/rat); group 4, oseltamivir (100 mg/kg) + indomethacin (67 μg/rat). All drugs were given intraperitoneally for 5 days. IR received the same treatments and the brain and stomach of the rats were removed in order to measure levels of GABA, LP, and total ATPase, using validated methods. Levels of GABA increased in stomach and cortex of IR with oseltamivir, but decreased in striatum and cerebellum/medulla oblongata of IR with indomethacin. LP decreased in the three brain regions of IR with oseltamivir. ATPase increased in stomach of IR and non-IR with oseltamivir and in striatum and cerebellum/medulla oblongata of IR with indomethacin. Results suggest that the effect of free radicals produced in an infection and inflammatory condition caused by S. typh could be less toxic by a combination of oseltamivir and indomethacin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Hugo Juárez Olguín
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, INP, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Norma Labra Ruíz
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), Mexico, Mexico
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Olguín HJ, Martínez HO, Pérez CF, Mendiola BR, Espinosa LR, Pacheco JLC, Pérez JF, Magaña IM. Pharmacokinetics of sildenafil in children with pulmonary arterial hypertension. World J Pediatr 2017; 13:588-592. [PMID: 28791664 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-017-0043-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, sildenafil was introduced to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH); however, there are currently few studies on the pharmacokinetics of sildenalfil in children. Therefore, we aimed to carry out a pharmacokinetic study of sildenafil in children with PAH using a single dose. METHODS Twelve children diagnosed with PAH, consisting of with ten males and two females, were recruited for the study after obtaining written consent from their parents or guardians. Blood samples were obtained predose and at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12 hours after the oral administration of 1 mg/kg of sildenafil using an extemporal pediatric formulation developed in our laboratory. The samples were analyzed using a previously validated high performance liquid chromatography method. RESULTS A pharmacokinetic analysis using the WinNonlin 3.1 program that considered the Akaike information criterion (AIC) for selecting a more adjustable model was performed. The following pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained: maximal concentration (Cmax): 366±179 ng/mL, time to maximal concentration: 0.92±0.30 hours, elimination half-life (t1/2): 2.41±1.18 hours, total clearance (CLtot/F): 5.85±2.81 L/hour, volume of distribution (Vd/F): 20.13±14.5 L, absorption rate constants (Ka): 0.343 hour-1, elimination rate (Ke): 0.35 hour-1, area under curve from zero to infinity: 2061±618 ng/mL/hour. The data of all patients adjusted to the model of one compartment were corroborated using AIC. CONCLUSIONS The parameters Ka, Ke and t1/2 were found to be similar to those reported in adults; however, the values of Cmax and Vd/F were significantly higher. Based on these findings, we propose that treatment regimen of sildenafil be adjusted in children with PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Juárez Olguín
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Institute of Pediatrics, Avenida Imán N° 1, 3rd piso Colonia Cuicuilco, CP 04530, Mexico City, Mexico. .,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | | | - Carmen Flores Pérez
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Institute of Pediatrics, Avenida Imán N° 1, 3rd piso Colonia Cuicuilco, CP 04530, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Blanca Ramírez Mendiola
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Institute of Pediatrics, Avenida Imán N° 1, 3rd piso Colonia Cuicuilco, CP 04530, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Liliana Rivera Espinosa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Institute of Pediatrics, Avenida Imán N° 1, 3rd piso Colonia Cuicuilco, CP 04530, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan Luis Chávez Pacheco
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Institute of Pediatrics, Avenida Imán N° 1, 3rd piso Colonia Cuicuilco, CP 04530, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Janett Flores Pérez
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Institute of Pediatrics, Avenida Imán N° 1, 3rd piso Colonia Cuicuilco, CP 04530, Mexico City, Mexico.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ignacio Mora Magaña
- Subdirection of Teaching and Educational Programming, National Institute of Pediatrics, Mexico City, Mexico
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González Saldaña N, Galvis Trujillo DM, Borbolla Pertierra AM, Mondragón Pineda AI, Juárez Olguín H. Linezolid-associated optic neuropathy in a pediatric patient with Mycobacterium nonchromogenicum: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e9200. [PMID: 29390337 PMCID: PMC5815749 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000009200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Toxic optic neuropathies are alterations of the optic nerve and can be caused by environmental, pharmacological, or nutritional agents. CASE It is about a 7-year-old male patient, a native of the State of Mexico, Mexico who was diagnosed with cervical mycobacterial lymphadenitis that required management with linezolid. OBSERVATIONS After 7 months of treatment, visual acuity of the left eye decreased and was accompanied by headache. Neuroinfection and other central nervous system affections were discarded. An adverse effect related to treatment with linezolid was suspected, and linezolid was suspended. The symptoms subsided after discontinuation; however, the patient continued to show decreased visual acuity of the left eye, assessed by his ability to count 2 fingers. The right eye remained unaffected. CONCLUSIONS Neurotoxicity can be decreased by reducing the total dose of linezolid or by administrating it in an intermittent form. To avoid progression and loss of vision, we suggest frequent periodic ophthalmological evaluation in patients treated with linezolid.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Hugo Juárez Olguín
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Institute of Pediatrics, and Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
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Saldaña NG, Mendoza FJO, Larrauri FR, Trujillo DMG, Montoya EV, De La Garza EA, Olguín HJ. Bronchopulmonary infection by Lophomonas blattarum in a pediatric patient after hematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation: first report in Mexico. J Thorac Dis 2017; 9:E899-E902. [PMID: 29268431 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2017.09.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Lophomonas blattarum is a multiflagellated protozoon which parasitizes the gut of termites and cockroaches. Although L. blattarum infection is rare, it can affect lung, maxillary sinuses and genitourinary tract. The presentation of bronchopulmonary lophomonas includes nonspecific symptoms such as fever, cough and dyspnea. Diagnosis is based on identification of living protozoan forms in fresh samples from respiratory secretions (bronchoalveolar lavage). We report the case of a 2-year-old male with a history of severe combined immunodeficiency (T-, B-, NK-), post-hematopoietic stem cell transplant and full immune reconstitution 12 months following a successful transplant who thereafter presented lophomonas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Edna Venegas Montoya
- Service of Pediatric Immunology, National Institute of Pediatrics (NIP), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Hugo Juárez Olguín
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, NIP and Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
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Calderón Guzmán D, Osnaya Brizuela N, Ortíz Herrera M, Juárez Olguín H, Hernández García E, Valenzuela Peraza A, Barragán Mejía G. Oleic Acid Protects Against Oxidative Stress Exacerbated by Cytarabine and Doxorubicin in Rat Brain. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2016; 16:1491-1495. [DOI: 10.2174/1871520615666160504093652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Calderón Guzmán D, Brizuela NO, Ortíz Herrera M, Hernández García E, Barragán Mejía G, Juárez Olguín H, Valenzuela Peraza A, Attilus J, Labra Ruíz N. Effect of cerebrolysin on dopaminergic neurodegeneration of rat with oxidative stress induced by 3-nitropropionic acid. Acta Pharm 2016; 66:443-8. [PMID: 27383892 DOI: 10.1515/acph-2016-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The study tested the hypothesis that cerebrolysin protects the brain from free radicals in rats treated with 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NPA). To address this hypothesis, the levels of dopamine (DA) and some oxidative stress biomarkers were measured after administration of 3-NPA. Young male Fischer rats were treated for three days with cerebrolysin, 3-NPA or both substances. Their brains were extracted, and DA, lipid peroxidation (LP), glutathione (GSH), calcium, and H2O2 were measured using validated methods. In the cortex, hemispheres and cerebellum/medulla oblongata of the group treated with cerebrolysin and 3-NPA, the levels of DA and LP decreased. In addition, calcium and H2O2 levels decreased in the hemispheres of the same group, while GSH increased in cortex. The increased dopamine metabolism due to the administration of cerebrolysin led to increased formation of radical species and oxidative stress, especially when free radicals were generated by 3-NPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Calderón Guzmán
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP) México City, México
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jonas Attilus
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP) México City, México
| | - Norma Labra Ruíz
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP) México City, México
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Guzman DC, Olguín HJ, García EH, Peraza AV, de la Cruz DZ, Soto MP. Mechanisms involved in the development of diabetic retinopathy induced by oxidative stress. Redox Rep 2016; 22:10-16. [PMID: 27420399 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2016.1205303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the main complications in patients with diabetes and has been the leading cause of visual loss since 1990. Oxidative stress is a biological process resulting from excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This process contributes to the development of many diseases and disease complications. ROS interact with various cellular components to induce cell injury. Fortunately, there is an antioxidan t system that protects organisms against ROS. Indeed, when ROS exceed antioxidant capacity, the resulting cell injury can cause diverse physiological and pathological changes that could lead to a disease like DR. OBJECTIVE This paper reviews the possible mechanisms of common and novel biomarkers involved in the development of DR and explores how these biomarkers could be used to monitor the damage induced by oxidative stress in DR, which is a significant complication in people with diabetes. CONCLUSION The poor control of glucemy in pacients with DB has been shown contribute to the development of complications in eyes as DR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hugo Juárez Olguín
- b Laboratory of Pharmacology , National Institute of Pediatrics , Mexico.,c Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology , National Autonomous University of Mexico , Mexico
| | | | | | - Diego Zamora de la Cruz
- c Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology , National Autonomous University of Mexico , Mexico
| | - Monica Punzo Soto
- b Laboratory of Pharmacology , National Institute of Pediatrics , Mexico
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Asseff IL, Gaucin GB, Olguín HJ, Nájera JAG, López AT, Guillé GP, Torres FZ. Pharmacokinetics of ranitidine in preterm and term neonates with gastroesophageal reflux. BMC Pediatr 2016; 16:90. [PMID: 27412521 PMCID: PMC4944512 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-016-0630-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to determine the effect of gestational age on pharmacokinetics of ranitidine in newborns with gastroesophageal reflux. Methods A prospective, descriptive and pharmacokinetic study was carried out in 30 pre-term and 20 full-term babies. 3 mg/kg of ranitidine was administered intravenously to all the babies and at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8 h following the administration, samples of blood were drawn to assess ranitidine levels using high performance liquid chromatographic technique. Results Pharmacokinetics of ranitidine had a bi-exponential behavior with a half-life elimination of (t1/2el) 2.79 h, area under curve (AUC) of 1688 ng/mL, volume of distribution (Vd) of 1.44 L/kg, and clearance (Cl) of 5.9 L/kg/h. The median plasmatic concentration in pre-terms was 1113 ng/mL and 280 ng/mL in full-terms. Vd, t1/2 and Cl presented high values in preterm although the correlation of Cl with glomerular filtration in term newborns was better. Conclusions Plasma levels of ranitidine depend on the gestational age of the newborns. However, the possible relationship between after-birth age and pharmacokinetics of the neonates as their internal organs get matured without minding their gestational background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismael Lares Asseff
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Investigation for Integral and Regional Development, Durango Unit, National Polytechnic Institute, Durango, Mexico
| | | | - Hugo Juárez Olguín
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Institute of Pediatrics, and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Av Imán #1, 3er piso, Col Cuicuilco, CP 04530, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Jose Antonio Godinez Nájera
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Investigation for Integral and Regional Development, Durango Unit, National Polytechnic Institute, Durango, Mexico
| | - Alejandra Toledo López
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Institute of Pediatrics, and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Av Imán #1, 3er piso, Col Cuicuilco, CP 04530, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Pérez Guillé
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Institute of Pediatrics, and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Av Imán #1, 3er piso, Col Cuicuilco, CP 04530, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Fausto Zamura Torres
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Investigation for Integral and Regional Development, Durango Unit, National Polytechnic Institute, Durango, Mexico
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Guzmán DC, Olguín HJ, García EH, Herrera MO, Brizuela NO. Moieties in antidiabetic drugs as a target of insulin receptors in association with common neurological disorders. Biomed Rep 2016; 4:395-399. [PMID: 27073619 DOI: 10.3892/br.2016.616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin is a peptide that can be harmful with regards to neuroplasticity, neuroprotection and neuromodulation. Furthermore, the role of insulin highlights its relevance in the progress of diverse clinical disorders as well as in the mechanisms associated with certain pathogenesis and their evolution towards diabetes, obesity and neurodegenerative diseases. The precise molecular mechanisms by which these diseases are induced remain to be elucidated. The benefits in knowing/discovering these mechanisms in animal models and humans cannot be undermined. An in depth understanding of the principal risk factors leading to obesity and their management is vital in the implementation of early-life strategies of intervention and prevention, with a view to avoid adverse late-life outcomes. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to review their possible association with antidiabetic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Calderón Guzmán
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, CP 04530, Mexico
| | - Hugo Juárez Olguín
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Institute of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, CP 04530, Mexico
| | - Ernestina Hernández García
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Institute of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, CP 04530, Mexico
| | - Maribel Ortiz Herrera
- Laboratory of Experimental Bacteriology, National Institute of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, CP 04530, Mexico
| | - Norma Osnaya Brizuela
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, CP 04530, Mexico
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Guzmán DC, Herrera MO, Brizuela NO, Mejía GB, Jiménez FT, García EH, Olguín HJ. Assessment of the effects of oseltamivir and indomethacin on dopamine, 5-HIAA, and some oxidative stress markers in stomach and brain of Salmonella typhimurium-infected rats. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2016; 37:129-136. [PMID: 27179576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to measure the effect of oseltamivir and indomethacin on dopamine and 5-HIAA levels and some oxidative biomarkers in brain and stomach of young rats in conditions of infection. METHODS Female Sprague Dawley rats in absence or presence of a live culture of Salmonella typhimurium (S.Typh), were treated as follows: PBS, group 1 (control); oseltamivir (100 mg/kg), group 2; indomethacin (67 µg/kg) group 3; oseltamivir (100 mg/kg) + indomethacin (67 µg/kg), group 4. The drugs were administered intraperitoneally every 24 hr for 5 days while S. Typh was give orally in the first and third day. C-reactive proteins was measured in blood on sacrifice, and from brain extract, dopamine and 5-HIAA levels as well as GSH, calcium, and H2O2 and total ATPase activity were measured by validated methods. RESULTS Dopamine increased significantly in cortex and cerebellum/medulla oblongata of groups that received indomethacin and oseltamivir. 5-HIAA increased significantly in all groups that received S.Typh. H2O2 decreased significantly in cortex regions of animals that received oseltamivir and indomethacin in presence of S.Typh. Total ATPase increased significantly in cortex and hemispheres of groups that received oseltamivir as well as in cerebellum/medulla oblongata and stomach of animals that received oseltamivir and indomethacin combined with S.Typh. GSH increased and calcium decreased significantly in stomach of animals that received oseltamivir or indomethacin alone or combined with S.Typh. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate the association between inflammatory response, oxidative stress, dopaminergic, and serotonergic metabolism in an experimental inflammatory animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hugo Juárez Olguín
- Laboratorio de Farmacología INP, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
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González Saldaña N, Monroy Colín VA, Piña Ruiz G, Juárez Olguín H. Clinical and laboratory characteristics of infectious mononucleosis by Epstein-Barr virus in Mexican children. BMC Res Notes 2012; 5:361. [PMID: 22818256 PMCID: PMC3413594 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-5-361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2012] [Accepted: 06/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Infectious mononucleosis (IM) or Mononucleosis syndrome is caused by an acute infection of Epstein-Barr virus. In Latin American countries, there are little information pertaining to the clinical manifestations and complications of this disease. For this reason, the purpose of this work was to describe the clinical and laboratory characteristics of infection by Epstein-Barr virus in Mexican children with infectious mononucleosis. Methods A descriptive study was carried out by reviewing the clinical files of patients less than 18 years old with clinical and serological diagnosis of IM by Epstein-Barr virus from November, 1970 to July, 2011 in a third level pediatric hospital in Mexico City. Results One hundred and sixty three cases of IM were found. The most frequent clinical signs were lymphadenopathy (89.5%), fever (79.7%), general body pain (69.3%), pharyngitis (55.2%), hepatomegaly (47.2%). The laboratory findings were lymphocytosis (41.7%), atypic lymphocytes (24.5%), and increased transaminases (30.9%), there were no rupture of the spleen and no deaths among the 163 cases. Conclusions Our results revealed that IM appeared in earlier ages compared with that reported in industrialized countries, where adolescents are the most affected group. Also, the order and frequency of the clinical manifestations were different in our country than in industrialized ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Napoleón González Saldaña
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Pediatrics, Avenida Insurgentes Sur 3700-C, Mexico City 04530 Mexico
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Abstract
Hypothyroidism is a systemic disease resulting from either thyroid gland's anatomical and functional absence or lack of hypophyseal stimulation, both of which can lead to deficiency in thyroid hormone (TH) production. TH is essential for human and animal development, growth, and function of multiple organs. Children with deficient TH can develop alterations in central nervous system (CNS), striated muscle, bone tissue, liver, bone marrow, and cardiorespiratory system. Among the clinical outlook are signs like breathing difficulty, cardiac insufficiency, dysphagia, and repeated bronchial aspiration, constipation, muscle weakness, cognitive alterations, cochlear dysfunction, reduced height, defects in temperature regulation, anaemia, jaundice, susceptibility to infection, and others. Experimental and clinical studies have shown that TH is very essential for normal brain development. Other research work based on mice pointed out that a reduced level of TH in pregnant mother leads to congenital hypothyroidism in animal models and it is associated with mental retardation, deep neurologic deficiency that impacts on cognitive, learning, and memory functions. The principal experimental model studies that have focused on hypothyroidism are reviewed in this study. This is important on considering the fact that almost all animal species require thyroid hormones for their metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Argumedo
- Departamento de Patología, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico
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Pérez CF, Pacheco JLC, Pérez JF, Olguín HJ, Mendiola BR, Álvarez RG, Zamora JFG, Guerra ÁC. Development and Validation of a Method to Quantify Midazolam in a New Oral Formulation for Pediatric Use. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.4236/ajac.2012.38073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Barragán Mejía G, Calderón Guzmán D, Juárez Olguín H, Hernández Martínez N, García Cruz E, Morales Ramírez A, Labra Ruiz N, Esquivel Jiménez G, Osnaya Brizuela N, García Álvarez R, Ontiveros Mendoza E. The administration of food supplemented with cocoa powder during nutritional recovery reduces damage caused by oxidative stress in rat brain. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2011; 384:499-504. [PMID: 21826449 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-011-0676-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2010] [Accepted: 07/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Malnutrition contributes to the development of oxidative damage in the central nervous system. The selective administration of nutrients tends to show positive results in individuals who have suffered from malnutrition. To determine the effect of the administration of cocoa powder on the peroxidation of lipids and glutathione level during the nutritional recovery in brain, rats of 21 days old were subjected to a protocol that resembles malnutrition (MN) by feeding them with 60% of the daily food consumption of the control group (WN) and later to nutritional recovery with regular rodent feed (RFR) or added with cocoa (10 g of cocoa powder/kg of regular rodent feed) (CCR). Animals fed with regular rodent food showed significant reduction in brain glutathione: RFR (84.18 ± 6.38 ng/mg protein) vs. CCR (210.61 ± 50.10 ng/mg protein) and WN (186.55 ± 33.18 ng/mg protein), but with similar level to that of MN (92.12 ± 15.60 ng/mg protein). On the contrary, lipid peroxidation in RFR-fed animals increased RFR (1.32 ± 0.2 μM malondialdehyde/g of tissue), CCR (0.86 ± 0.07 μM malondialdehyde/g of tissue), WN (0.89 ± 0.09 μM malondialdehyde/g of tissue), but their thiobarbituric acid reactive substances concentration is similar to that of MN group (1.50 ± 0.2 μM malondialdehyde/g of tissue). Consumption of cocoa powder as a source of antioxidants favors the restoration of the concentration of glutathione and reduces the damage caused by oxidative stress during nutritional recovery in rat brain.
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Guzmán DC, Olguín HJ, Brizuela NO, García EH, Mejía GB, Jacobo AJ, Abarca LS, Betancourt ET. Effect of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) and sildenafil on serotonin metabolism and some oxidative damage markers in rat prostate gland and brain. Andrologia 2011; 43:266-72. [PMID: 21486408 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0272.2010.01067.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of sildenafil and prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) (drugs used in erectile dysfunction) on production of free radicals in prostate and brain of rat. A single dose of sildenafil (10 mg kg(-1) ) and PGE1 (20 μg kg(-1) ) was given to Sprague-Dawley rats (300 g weight) intraperitoneally. The levels of testosterone were measured in blood. Their brains and prostate glands were separated to measure lipid peroxidation, Na(+) and K(+) ATPase activity, reduced glutathione (GSH) and serotonin levels, by means of validated methods. The levels of testosterone increased slightly in animals treated with sildenafil and PGE1. The activity of total ATPase was increased in the prostate of animals treated with sildenafil + PGE1 but decreased in those that received sildenafil alone. PGE1 caused significant diminution of GSH levels in both organs. Sildenafil increased the levels of serotonine in brain, whereas in prostate they decreased instead. Our results suggest that sildenafil induced changes in GSH levels as well as in the serotonergic metabolism, alone or with PGE1 in prostate and brain, respectively. Thus, the combination therapy may be ideal to sustain the biochemical balance due to biphasic stimulation on brain and prostate.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C Guzmán
- Laboratorio de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), México
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30
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Guzmán DC, García EH, Brizuela NO, Jiménez FT, Mejía GB, Olguín HJ, del Ángel DS, Elvira NA, Aparicio LC. Effect of oseltamivir on catecholamines and select oxidative stress markers in the presence of oligoelements in the rat brain. Arch Pharm Res 2010; 33:1671-7. [PMID: 21052943 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-010-1017-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2010] [Revised: 04/27/2010] [Accepted: 05/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The effect that osteltamivir has on the metabolism of catecholamines and oxidative damage in the brains of young patients remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to measure the effects of oseltamivir, in the presence of oligoelements, on biogenic amines and select oxidative biomarkers in the brains of uninfected, young rats under normal conditions. The study was conducted using male Wistar rats intraperitoneally treated for three days with either a control dose of 0.9 % NaCl, oseltamivir (50 mg/kg), oligoelements (50 μL/rat), or oseltamivir (50 mg/kg) and oligoelements (50 μL/rat). The brain tissue extracted from the treated rats was used to determine the concentrations of adrenaline, noradrenaline, and dopamine, as well as the levels of GSH, lipid peroxidation, and ATPase activity. An increase in the concentration of adrenaline and noradrenaline and in the level of GSH in the group treated with oligoelements (p < 0.001) was observed, while the group treated with oseltamivir and oligoelements, the levels of dopamine increased (p < 0.001), and in the groups treated with oligoelements alone or combination with oseltamivir a decrease in lipid peroxidation was observed (p < 0.001). The results of this study suggest that the consumption of oseltamivir and oligoelements induce biphasic changes in the metabolism of catecholamines; thereby, inducing a protective mechanism against oxidative damage in the brains of young rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Calderón Guzmán
- Laboratorio de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Avenida Imán No.1, México City, México
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31
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Calderón Guzmán D, Labra Ruiz N, Hernández García E, Juárez Olguín H. Levels of 5-hydroxyindol acetic acid and lipid peroxidation in brain after administration of marijuana and nalbuphine in male and female rat. Proc West Pharmacol Soc 2010; 53:20-25. [PMID: 22128445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We analyzed the effect of marijuana and nalbuphine on levels of 5-hydroxyindol acetic acid and lipid peroxidation in rat brain. Single and repeated dosages of 250 mg/kg marijuana extract or 10 mg/kg nalbuphine were administered to male and female Wistar rats. Animals were sacrificed and brains were obtained to measure the content of 5-hydroxyindol acetic acid, reduced glutathione, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, total ATPase and Na+/K+ ATPase activities. There was an increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, total ATPase and Na+/K+ ATPase activity in the animals that received a single dose of marijuana and nalbuphine (p=0.001), with a notable decrease in glutathione and 5-hydroxyindol acetic acid levels (p=0.001). Both marijuana and nalbuphine increased levels of oxidative damage biomarkers in rat brain and decreased glutathione and 5-hydroxyindol acetic acid levels which could provoke changes in cellular and biochemical regulations and serotonergic activity in either male or female rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Calderón Guzmán
- Laboratorio de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico
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Calderón Guzmán D, Osnaya Brizuela N, García Álvarez R, Hernández García E, Barragán Mejía G, Juárez Olguín H. Cerebrolysin and morphine decrease glutathione and 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid levels in fasted rat brain. Biomed Pharmacother 2009; 63:517-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2008.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2008] [Revised: 05/14/2008] [Accepted: 09/26/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Pérez JF, Olguín HJ, Pérez CF, Guillé GP, Pérez AG, Vieyra AC, López AT, Portugal MC, Asseff IL. Effects of Gender and Phase of the Menstrual Cycle on the Kinetics of Ranitidine in Healthy Volunteers. Chronobiol Int 2009. [DOI: 10.1081/cbi-120021384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Juárez Olguín H, Flores Pérez C, Ramírez Mendiola B, Barranco Garduño L, Sandoval Ramírez E, Flores Pérez J. Comparative bioavailability of propafenone after administration of a magistral suspension vs. commercial tablets in healthy volunteers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 59:117-20. [PMID: 19402341 DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1296373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Propafenone (CAS 34183-22-7) is an effective antiarrhythmic drug used in children, although in some countries no specific pediatric formulation is available. The aim of this study is to compare the relative bioavailability of a magistral (MAG) preparation of propafenone versus its commercial (COM) presentation in a group of 16 Mexican healthy volunteers. Bioavailability was determined after crossover administration of the drugs, through a randomized two-phase trial. All volunteers had normal hepatic and renal functions, determined clinically at the beginning of the study, and received 150 mg of either COM (tablets) or MAG (suspension). Blood samples were drawn for a 24-h post-dose analysis by HPLC to measure plasma levels of propafenone. Subjects (mean 25.9 +/- 5.3 years and 66.1 +/- 12.4 kg) had the following pharmacokinetic parameters: Cmax 189.9 +/- 20.92 ng/mL, Tmax 1.5 h, AUC 322.4 +/- 36.28 ng x ml(-1) x h for COM. Values for MAG were Cmax 225.8 +/- 24.38 ng/mL, Tmax 1.7 h and AUC 359.3 +/- 27.90 ng x ml(-1) x h. These values yielded a relative bioavailability of 111.42% for MAG compared with COM. No electrocardiographic changes were recorded in any subject with respect to the baseline value, in both treatment schemes. Therefore, propafenone suspension prepared as a magistral formulation may be used as an alternative drug in pediatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Juárez Olguín
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City, Mexico
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35
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Guzmán DC, Ruíz NL, García EH, Mejía GB, Téllez PP, Jimenez GE, De la Rosa Apreza M, Olguín HJ. Effect of sibutramine on Na+, K+ ATPase activity and tryptophan levels on male and female rat brain. Horm Metab Res 2009; 41:363-7. [PMID: 19194834 DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1128145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Some drugs that are clinically used in weight control, like sibutramine, act on the serotonergic metabolism, but its relation with free radical (FR) production in the CNS is still unknown. The aim of the work was to evaluate the effect of sibutramine on FR production. Female and male Wistar rats (250 g weight) were used; the animals received sibutramine (10 mg/kg each 36 hours) intraperitoneally during 15 days. At the end of the study, the rats were sacrificed and their brains used to measure lipid peroxidation (TBARS), Na+, K+ ATPase activity, reduced glutathione (GSH), and tryptophan (TRP) levels, by means of validated methods. The activity of Na+, K+ATPase and total ATPase was increased in males and decreased in females. GSH concentration was increased and the levels of TBARS decreased by an effect related to sibutramine in the female group. Sibutramine decreased TRP concentration in the female group, but increased it in the male one, with respect to the control group. Our results suggest that sibutramine produce an antioxidant effect stimulated by the endogenously produced tryptophan and it protects the fluidity of plasma membrane in rat brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C Guzmán
- Laboratorio de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City, Mexico
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36
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Santibáñez GS, Mayans JR, Saldaña NG, Orozco HH, Narvaez JLC, Aburto EL, Viveros WD, Delgadillo NN, Olguín HJ, Olguín HJ. Outbreak of intra-hospital acquired rotavirus in a pediatric hospital in Mexico. Salud pública Méx 2009; 51:96. [DOI: 10.1590/s0036-36342009000200003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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37
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González Saldaña N, Chacón Sánchez C, Ochoa Pérez U, Coria Lorenzo J, Pérez Robles V, Garibay Valencia M, Fortuño Cordoba V, Juárez Olguín H. Double blind study of placebo and ribavirin as prophylaxis in cases of contact with varicella in children. Proc West Pharmacol Soc 2009; 52:30-32. [PMID: 22128416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine whether or not ribavirin provides protection against varicella in those who come in contact with the virus. In a double blind placebo study, ribavirin (20 mg/kg/day, p.o.) or placebo was administered to children who had contact with varicella. Treatment was administered to 61 children (Group 1) within the first 3 days of contact, 45 of them were immunocompetent and 16 were immunodepressed. Treatment was given to 54 children on the 7th day after contact (Group 2); 48 of them were immunocompetent and 6 immunodepressed. In group 1, 11 (50%) of the immunocompetent treated with ribavirin developed chicken pox while 11 (50%) were asymptomatic. For seroconversion, there was no significant difference (p=0.586). In group 2, we did not find varicella in immunocompetent patients receiving ribavirin (0/24), for placebo there were 2 (2/24) cases of varicella. Varicella was not observed in immunodepressed patients in Group 2. A difference was not observed with the administration of ribavirin at day 3 or 7 versus placebo to prevent development of varicella. This study may have implications for the public health efforts in the prophylaxis of chicken pox.
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Juárez Olguín H, Flores Pérez C, Ramírez Mendiola B, Coria Jiménez R, Sandoval Ramírez E, Flores Pérez J. Extemporaneous suspension of propafenone: attending lack of pediatric formulations in Mexico. Pediatr Cardiol 2008; 29:1077-81. [PMID: 18587605 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-008-9257-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2008] [Revised: 04/11/2008] [Accepted: 06/05/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physicians have frequently encountered difficulties when prescribing drugs not available in doses suitable for pediatric age groups. Furthermore, children have difficulty swallowing tablets. This study aimed to determine the stability of an oral propafenone suspension made from commercial tablets with a syrup vehicle and to establish its reliable use with children. METHODS An extemporaneous suspension of propafenone 1.5 mg/ml was prepared with commercial tablets. Its physicochemical and microbiologic stability was established by constant monitoring during 90 days at room temperature (15 +/- 5 degrees C) and at refrigeration (3-5 degrees C). Plasma levels of propafenona were measured in two children with supraventricular tachycardia at steady state. RESULTS The suspension was stable, maintaining its original physicochemical and microbiologic properties. Moreover, no apparent changes in color or odor were observed. Plasma levels of propafenone in patients demonstrated therapeutic concentrations after they had taken the suspension, with no unwanted outcome. CONCLUSIONS The conservation of both physicochemical and microbiologic stability of the suspension represents an option for the administration of propafenone to children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Juárez Olguín
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Colonia Cuicuilco, CP, Mexico City, Mexico
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39
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Calderón-Guzmán D, Osnaya-Brizuela N, García-Alvarez R, Hernández García E, Guillé Pérez A, Juárez Olguín H. Levels of glutathione and some biogenic amines in the human brain putamen after traumatic death. Proc West Pharmacol Soc 2008; 51:27-29. [PMID: 19544669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Mexico City is among the world's largest metropolitan city centers and one of the most difficult and challenging cities in which to drive a motor vehicle. During peak transit hours and maximum congestion, numerous accidents occur, many of them fatal. The aim of the study presented here was to analyze the levels of select indicators against oxidative stress and levels of biogenic amines as a consequence of accident or altercation and fear deaths. Eighteen cases were studied (sixteen males, two females). Subjects ranged from twelve to eighty-one years of age. Nine of the deaths studied were the result of motor vehicle or subway accidents. Eight of the eighteen deaths were the result of a violent altercation, while one of the deaths resulted from a drug overdose and cardiac arrest. Biopsies of cadaver putamen were homogenized and analyzed for Tryptophan (Trp), 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA), Dopamine (DA), and Glutathione (GSH) levels by fluorometric methods. Trp, 5-HIAA, DA, and GSH levels showed an increase in the subjects who's death was caused by violent altercation combined with fear, while DA levels showed significant differences in all accident groups. This data suggest that biogenic amines in cadaver putamen tissue, such as DA, can be telling biochemical markers, indicative of altercation and fear deaths.
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Calderón Guzmán D, Trujillo Jiménez F, Hernández García E, Juárez Olguín H. Assessment of Antioxidant Effect of 2,5-Dihydroxybenzoic Acid and Vitamin A in Brains of Rats with Induced Hyperoxia. Neurochem Res 2007; 32:1036-40. [PMID: 17401673 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-006-9269-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2006] [Accepted: 12/20/2006] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, a salicylate derived from Acetyl salicylic acid (ASA) and vitamin A (vit A) on Na(+), K(+) ATPase enzyme and GSH levels in brain of rats exposed to hyperoxia (Hyp) as oxidant protocol. Rats were treated as follow: group I (control), group II (Hyp), group III (Hyp, ASA), group IV (vit A), group V (Hyp, vit A), group VI (Hyp, vit A, ASA). Vit A was given 5 days before and during Hyp, aspirin at the end of Hyp. Na(+),K(+) ATPase and total ATPase activity was significantly increased in group V. Levels of GSH showed a significant increase in group III, besides, levels of 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid as salicylate in plasma were significantly increased in group II. These results elucidate differences in the biochemical response of animal towards intake of various types of antioxidant substances, with increased GSH and salicylate in hyperoxia.
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41
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Calderón Guzmán D, Barragán Mejía G, Hernández García E, Juárez Olguín H. Effect of Nutritional Status and Ozone Exposure on Some Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Rat Brain Regions. Nutr Cancer 2006; 55:195-200. [PMID: 17044775 DOI: 10.1207/s15327914nc5502_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of nutritional condition and simulated exposure to ozone on Glutathione (GSH), the activity of Na+/K+ ATPase and lipid peroxidation in rat brain. Male Wistar rats were fed with 7% and 23% protein diets. Two groups were formed for each nutritional condition: one group was exposed for 15 successive days to 0.75 ppm of ozone and the other to air. Subsequently, the brain was dissected in cortex, hemispheres, cerebellum, and brainstem to measure the activity of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), ATPase, and levels of GSH. The activity of Na+/K+ ATPase increased in cerebellum of well-nourished rats exposed to ozone, while total ATPase and TBARS decreased in all studied areas in the malnourished groups. The levels of GSH decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in the brain of rats fed with 7% of protein diet and exposed to ozone but increased in rats fed with normal diet and exposed to ozone. These results suggest that malnutrition causes alterations in the values of Na+/K+ ATPase, total ATPase, GSH, and lipid peroxidation, while ozone contributes to these modifications. As a consequence, both variables are involved in oxidative stress in the rat brain.
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42
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Guzmán DC, Vázquez IE, Brizuela NO, Alvarez RG, Mejía GB, García EH, Santamaría D, de Apreza MLR, Olguín HJ. Assessment of Oxidative Damage Induced by Acute Doses of Morphine Sulfate in Postnatal and Adult Rat Brain. Neurochem Res 2006; 31:549-54. [PMID: 16758364 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-006-9053-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to evaluate the oxidative damage in rats of different ages. Weaned rats of 25 g and adults of 300 g were used in groups of 6, a single i.p. dose of morphine sulfate of 3, 6 or 12 mg/kg was administered. All animals were sacrificed to measure GSH and 5-HT levels in brain by liquid chromatography, as well as Na(+), K(+)-ATPase and total ATPase enzymatic activity. 5-HT levels decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in adult animals that received 3 and 6 mg morphine. Na(+), K(+)-ATPase activity increased significantly (p < 0.05) in all groups of weaned animals. In adult animals, Na(+), K(+)-ATPase and total ATPase partially diminished. GSH levels diminished significantly (p < 0.05) both in weaned and in adult groups. The results indicate age-induced changes in cellular regulation and biochemical responses to oxidative stress induced by morphine.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Calderón Guzmán
- Laboratorio de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), Mexico DF, Mexico
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Olguín HJ, Pérez CF, Pérez JF, Mendiola BR, Portugal MC, Chávez JB. Bioavailability of an extemporaneous suspension of propafenone made from tablets. Biopharm Drug Dispos 2006; 27:241-5. [PMID: 16586461 DOI: 10.1002/bdd.505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Propafenone is an effective antiarrhythmic agent used in children, while in Mexico no specific formulation for children is available, which causes errors in adequate dosage. The aim of this study was to determine the bioavailability of a suspension prepared extemporaneously using commercial tablets of propafenone. The bioavailability was determined in two groups of rabbits (n = 8): the first group received a single intravenous dose of 2 mg/kg of propafenone; the second was orally administered an extemporaneous suspension of propafenone prepared from commercial tablets. Blood samples were drawn at several times during the next 24 h and analysed by HPLC to determine drug levels. The extemporaneous suspension was tested previously with satisfactory results regarding physicochemical and microbiologic stability. The area under the curve (AUC) for the i.v. route was 5600.6 ng/ml.h and for oral administration the AUC was 3327.6 ng/ml.h. The bioavailability was calculated at 59.41%. These results are consistent with previous reports for solid dosage forms. The propafenone suspension prepared extemporaneously using commercial tablets is bioavailable using an animal model; nevertheless, it is necessary to carry out human studies either in volunteers or in patients to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Juárez Olguín
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), México, Colonia Cuicuilco, Mexico City
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Guzmán DC, Vázquez IE, Mejía GB, García EH, del Angel DS, Olguín HJ. Effect of pentylenetetrazole and carbodiimide on oxidation stress markers in rat brain. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2005; 96:512-3. [PMID: 15910417 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2005.pto_16.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Calderón Guzmán
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Paediatrics, CP 04530 Mexico City, Mexico
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45
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Guzmán DC, Mejía GB, Vázquez IE, García EH, del Angel DS, Olguín HJ. Effect of testosterone and steroids homologues on indolamines and lipid peroxidation in rat brain. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2005; 94:369-73. [PMID: 15857756 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2004.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2004] [Accepted: 11/29/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of 4-pregnen-17-hydroxy-3-one (A) and two steroids homologues: 3beta-acetoxy-5,16-pregnadien-20-one (B) and 3beta-acetoxy-16alpha-17alpha-epoxy-4-pregnen-20-one (C). Male Wistar rats were treated with o-cresol combined (A, B or C) steroids. Lipid peroxidation status as result of measurement reactive substances to thiobarbituric acid (TBARS) as well as serotonin (5-HT) and its precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) were measured. The prostate glands were weighed, the 5alpha-reductase activity was determined. The animals treated with A, B, and C steroids showed a slight increase in both 5alpha-reductase activity and prostate size. 5-HT and 5-HTP levels did not change significantly, and TBARS showed an increase in the group treated with B steroid and a decrease in the A steroid group with significant differences in both groups (p<0.05) versus control group. Results suggest that A steroid reduces TBARS in rat brain, perhaps as a result of the interaction between the testosterone unsaturated carbons and OH(-) groups with free radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Calderón Guzmán
- Laboratorio de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Avenida Imán No. 1, 3er piso, Colonia Cuicuilco, CP 04530 México City, Mexico
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Calderón Guzmá D, Hernández Islas JL, Mejía GB, Santamaría del Angel D, Hernández García E, Juárez Olguín H. Effect of nutritional status and ozone exposure on Na+/K+ ATPpase and lipid peroxidation in rat brain. Proc West Pharmacol Soc 2005; 48:118-21. [PMID: 16416675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of nutritional status and exposure to ozone on the activity of Na+/K+ ATPase and lipid peroxidation in rat brain. Male Wistar rats were fed 7% and 23% protein diets. Two groups were formed for each nutritional status: one group was exposed for 15 successive days to 0.75 ppm of ozone in air and the other was exposed to air. Subsequently, the brain was dissected and cortex, hemispheres, cerebellum and brainstem separately homogenized to measure the activity of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and ATPase in the presence and absence of ouabain. The activity of Na+/K+ ATPase increased in cerebellum of well-nourished rats exposed to ozone, while total ATPase and TBARS decreased in all studied areas in the malnourished groups. These results suggest that nutritional status and exposure to ozone generate changes in lipid membrane composition, in turn changing the activity of sodium pump with similar consequences for brain metabolism.
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Juárez Olguín H, Flores Pérez J, Lares Asseff I, Loredo Abdalá A, Carbajal Rodríguez L. Comparative pharmacokinetics of acetyl salicylic acid and its metabolites in children suffering from autoimmune diseases. Biopharm Drug Dispos 2004; 25:1-7. [PMID: 14716747 DOI: 10.1002/bdd.379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The aim of the present study was to compare the effect produced by juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) or rheumatic fever (RF) on the pharmacokinetics of acetyl salicylic acid (ASA) and its metabolites in children with autoimmune diseases (AD). METHODS A prospective, open labelled study was performed in 17 children with JRA and 17 with RF who received a single dose of 25 mg ASA/kg orally. The pharmacokinetics of ASA and its metabolites were determined. The blood and urine levels of each salicylate collected during 24 h were measured by HPLC. A group of 15 healthy teenage volunteers was included as a control group. RESULTS The maximum plasma concentration, half-life time, area under the curve and the amount of salicylates excreted were statistically different between the JRA and the RF groups, as well as between the RF group and the controls, however, there were no significant differences between the JRA group and the controls. CONCLUSIONS Dosage schemes must be adjusted for JRA patients, since the half life in these patients is longer than in RF patients. However, due to ample variability of pharmacokinetic parameters it is recommended that dose schemes are individualized on the type of autoimmune disease considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Juárez Olguín
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), México.
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Juárez Olguín H, Flores Pérez J, Lares Asseff I, Flores Pérez C, Pérez Guillé G, Camacho Vieyra A, Guillé Pérez A, Calderón Guzmán D. Medication-related services in a Mexican pediatric hospital. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2004; 61:2311-2. [PMID: 15552640 DOI: 10.1093/ajhp/61.21.2311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Juárez Olguín
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Institute of Pediatrics, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Guzmán DC, Vázquez IE, Mejia GB, Garcia EH, Gertrudis BH, Urrutia EC, del Angel DS, Olguín HJ. Comparative effect of cyanamide and sodium nitroprusside on indolamine and lipid peroxidation levels in rat brain. Proc West Pharmacol Soc 2004; 47:105-8. [PMID: 15633626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the effect of cyanamide (CNM) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) on nitrite (NO2-) and nitrate (NO3-), stable metabolites of nitric oxide (NO), serotonin (5-HT), tryptophan (Trp), and lipid peroxidation (TBARS) levels in rat brain. Twenty-four male Wistar rats (350 g) were used, divided in 3 groups of 8 animals each. Control group I received 0.9 % NaCl, CNM (40 mg/kg) was administered to group II, and SNP (20 microg/kg) to group III; all animals received a single intraperitoneal dose. The animals were sacrificed by decapitation and the brain was homogenized to measure the NO2-, NO3-, 5-HT, and Trp levels by liquid chromatography, and TBARS levels by spectrophotometry. NO2- levels significantly increased (p< 0.01) in the CNM group, while 5-HT and TBARS significantly increased (p = 0.001) both in SNP and CNM groups in relation to the control group. Trp levels presented a slight increase in the CNM group with respect to the control group. The results suggest that free radicals (Nitroxyl and NO) generated by CNM and SNP, respectively, are responsible for oxidative stress induced in brain.
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Flores Pérez C, Juárez Olguín H, Flores Pérez J, Toledo López A, Lares Asseff I, Alvarez García C. Reliable method for the determination of ranitidine by liquid chromatography using a microvolume of plasma. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2003; 795:141-4. [PMID: 12957178 DOI: 10.1016/s1570-0232(03)00474-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to develop a simple method to measure ranitidine, using 100 microL of plasma, by high-performance liquid chromatography with a Symmetry C(18) column and UV detection at 313 nm. Linearity was assessed in the range from 50 to 1500 ng ml(-1) and had a correlation coefficient of 0.999. The inter- and intra-day coefficients of variation were less than 7%. The limits of detection and quantitation were 5 and 15 ng ml(-1), respectively. Drug levels were determined satisfactorily in three patients. A simple and reliable method was developed which uses a microvolume of plasma, particularly useful in low-weight children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Flores Pérez
- Department of Pharmacology, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, CP 04530 Mexico City, Mexico.
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