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DiGaetano R, Dohrmann S, Taylor EV, Everard CD, Castleman V, Yan T, Kimmel HL, Zandberg I, Piesse A, Opsomer JD, Borek N, Silveira ML, Hubbard F, Taylor K, Creamer MR, Salim AH, Sharma E, Cheng YC, Vignare V, Cook T, Szeszel-Fedorowicz W, Siegfried Y, Carusi C, Stark D, Skara S, Hyland A. 2020 design and methods of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study during the COVID-19 pandemic. Tob Control 2024:tc-2023-058466. [PMID: 38670795 DOI: 10.1136/tc-2023-058466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study is a nationally representative, longitudinal study of the US population on tobacco use and its effects on health, collecting data annually since 2013. The COVID-19 pandemic interrupted in-person survey data collections around the world. In the USA, this included a PATH Study data collection focused on youth (13-17) and young adults (18-19) as well as other US surveys on tobacco use. Given that it was necessary to pause data collection and considering that tobacco-use behaviours could be expected to change along with pandemic-related changes in the social environment, the original design for the 2020 PATH Study data collection for youth and young adults was modified. Also, the PATH Study Adult Telephone Survey was developed to address the need for adult tobacco use monitoring in this unprecedented time. This article describes the modifications made to the 2020 PATH Study design and protocol to provide nationally representative data for youth and adults after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic as well as the implications of these modifications for researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ethel V Taylor
- Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Colm D Everard
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Kelly Government Solutions, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Ting Yan
- Westat Inc, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Heather L Kimmel
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Izabella Zandberg
- Center for Scientific Review, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | - Nicolette Borek
- Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Marushka L Silveira
- Kelly Government Solutions, Rockville, Maryland, USA
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | - MeLisa R Creamer
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Anikah H Salim
- Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Yu-Ching Cheng
- Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | - Wioletta Szeszel-Fedorowicz
- Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Health Resources and Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | - Debra Stark
- Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Silvana Skara
- Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrew Hyland
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA
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Sharma E, Tang Z, Lauten K, Silveira ML, Delnevo CD, Edwards KC, Marshall D, Gaalema DE, Zandberg I, Graham-Glover B, Rivers DL, Imoisili OE, Neal K, Niaura R, Bansal-Travers M, Hyland A, Michael Cummings K. Cardiovascular disease outcomes among established cigar users 40 years and older: Findings from the population assessment of tobacco and health (PATH) study, waves 1-5 (2013-2019). Prev Med Rep 2024; 37:102569. [PMID: 38186661 PMCID: PMC10767260 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
This study examined associations between established cigar use and prevalence and incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD; congestive heart failure, stroke, or heart attack/needed bypass surgery) among U.S. adults, 40 years or older. Using Waves 1-5 (2013-2019) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study, incidence (Nindividuals (Nind) = 6,692; Nobservations (Nobs) = 23,738) and prevalence (Nind = 7,819; Nobs = 33,952) of CVD outcomes were examined using weighted generalized estimating equations (WGEEs) among adults who were exclusive current/former established cigar smokers (ever cigar smokers who have smoked fairly regularly), exclusive current/former established cigarette smokers (lifetime smokers of 100 or more cigarettes), dual current/former established cigarette and cigar smokers compared with never smokers of cigars or cigarettes, adjusting for covariates. The population-averaged incidence of CVD from one wave to next among exclusive current/former established cigar smokers during a six-year period based on WGEEs was low (overall average rate of 3.0 %; 95 % CI: 1.2, 7.0). Compared with never users, exclusive current/former established cigar smokers (OR = 1.67, 95 % CI: 1.11, 2.51) and exclusive current/former established cigarette smokers (OR = 2.12, 95 % CI: 1.45, 3.09) were more likely to have any CVD outcome in unadjusted analyses. When adjusted for covariates, only exclusive current/former established cigarette use was associated with CVD outcomes (AOR = 1.60, CI: 1.07, 2.40). Results suggest that exclusive established use of cigars or duration of exclusive cigar use was not associated with lifetime CVD prevalence compared with never cigar or cigarette smokers, which is important in understanding health outcomes in cigar users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marushka L. Silveira
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Kelly Government Solutions, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Cristine D. Delnevo
- Rutgers Center for Tobacco Studies, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | | | - Daniela Marshall
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Axle Informatics, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Diann E. Gaalema
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Izabella Zandberg
- Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Bria Graham-Glover
- Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Derick L. Rivers
- Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Omoye E. Imoisili
- Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Kirstie Neal
- Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Raymond Niaura
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, NYU College of Global Public Health, New York University, NY, USA
| | - Maansi Bansal-Travers
- Department of Health Behavior, Division of Cancer Prevention & Population Sciences, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Andrew Hyland
- Department of Health Behavior, Division of Cancer Prevention & Population Sciences, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - K. Michael Cummings
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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Opsomer JD, Dohrmann S, DiGaetano R, Piesse A, Taylor E, Creamer MR, Han D, Everard C, Borek N, Hubbard F, Zandberg I, Kanel M, Taylor K, Kimmel HL, Paredes A, Siegfried Y, Cheng YC, Kwan J, Carusi C, Hyland A. Update to the design and methods of the PATH Study, Wave 4 (2016-2017). Tob Control 2023:tc-2022-057851. [PMID: 37258274 PMCID: PMC10687305 DOI: 10.1136/tc-2022-057851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study is a nationally representative study of the US population on tobacco use and its effects on health, with four waves of data collection between 2013 and 2017. Prior work described the methods of the first three waves. In this paper, we describe the methods of Wave 4, during which a replenishment sample was added to the ongoing cohort. We describe the design and estimation methods of the continuing Wave 1 cohort (with four waves of data) and the Wave 4 cohort (the new cohort created at Wave 4). We provide survey quality metrics, including response rates for both cohorts and a panel conditioning analysis, and guidance on understanding the target populations for both cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ethel Taylor
- Center for Tobacco Products, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | - Colm Everard
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | | | - Moana Kanel
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Heather L Kimmel
- DESPR, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | - Yu-Ching Cheng
- Center for Tobacco Products, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Jonathan Kwan
- Center for Tobacco Products, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Andrew Hyland
- Health Behavior, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
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4
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Edwards KC, Kasza KA, Tang Z, Stanton CA, Sharma E, Halenar MJ, Taylor KA, Donaldson EA, Hull LC, Bansal-Travers M, Limpert J, Zandberg I, Gardner LD, Borek N, Kimmel HL, Compton WM, Hyland A. Correlates of tobacco product reuptake and relapse among youth and adults in the USA: findings from the PATH Study Waves 1-3 (2013-2016). Tob Control 2021; 29:s216-s226. [PMID: 32321855 DOI: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2020-055660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examines sociodemographic and tobacco use correlates of reuptake and relapse to tobacco use across a variety of tobacco products (cigarettes, electronic nicotine delivery systems, cigars, hookah and smokeless tobacco) among the US population. DESIGN Data were drawn from the first three waves (2013-2016) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study, a nationally representative, longitudinal cohort study of US youth (ages 12-17) and adults (ages 18+). Reuptake (past 30-day use among previous tobacco users) and relapse (current use among former established users; adults only) were examined among previous users of at least one type of tobacco product at Wave 1 (W1) or Wave 2 (W2) (n=19 120 adults, n=3039 youth). Generalised estimating equations were used to evaluate the association between demographic and tobacco use characteristics at baseline, with reuptake/relapse at follow-up, over two 1-year periods (W1-W2 and W2-Wave 3). RESULTS Any tobacco product reuptake occurred in 7.8% of adult previous users and 30.3% of youth previous users. Correlates of any tobacco reuptake included being male, non-Hispanic black and bisexual in adults, but race and sexual orientation were not consistent findings in youth. Among recent former users, relapse rates were greater (32.9%). Shorter time since last use and greater levels of tobacco dependence showed the strongest association with any tobacco relapse. DISCUSSION Continued clinical and public health efforts to provide adults with tools to cope with tobacco dependence symptoms, especially within the first year or two after quitting, could help prevent relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn C Edwards
- Behavioral Health and Health Policy Practice, Westat, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Karin A Kasza
- Department of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Zhiqun Tang
- Behavioral Health and Health Policy Practice, Westat, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Cassandra A Stanton
- Behavioral Health and Health Policy Practice, Westat, Rockville, MD, United States.,Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Eva Sharma
- Behavioral Health and Health Policy Practice, Westat, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Michael J Halenar
- Behavioral Health and Health Policy Practice, Westat, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Kristie A Taylor
- Behavioral Health and Health Policy Practice, Westat, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Elisabeth A Donaldson
- Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Lynn C Hull
- Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Maansi Bansal-Travers
- Department of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Jean Limpert
- Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Izabella Zandberg
- Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Lisa D Gardner
- Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Nicolette Borek
- Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Heather L Kimmel
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Wilson M Compton
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Andrew Hyland
- Department of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
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5
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Kasza KA, Goniewicz ML, Edwards KC, Sawdey MD, Silveira ML, Gravely S, Zandberg I, Gardner LD, Fong GT, Hyland A. E-Cigarette Flavors and Frequency of E-Cigarette Use among Adult Dual Users Who Attempt to Quit Cigarette Smoking in the United States: Longitudinal Findings from the PATH Study 2015/16-2016/17. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:4373. [PMID: 33924109 PMCID: PMC8074329 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18084373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Potential mechanisms by which e-cigarette use may relate to combustible cigarette smoking cessation are not well-understood. We used U.S. nationally representative data to prospectively evaluate the relationship between e-cigarette flavor use and frequency of e-cigarette use among adult cigarette/e-cigarette dual users who attempted to quit smoking cigarettes. Analyses used Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study data from adult dual users (2015/16) who attempted to quit smoking between 2015/16 and 2016/17 (Wave 3-Wave 4, n = 685, including those who did/did not quit by 2016/17). E-cigarette flavor use (usual/last flavor, past 30-day flavor; assessed in 2015/16) was categorized into Only tobacco; Only menthol/mint; Only non-tobacco, non-menthol/mint; and Any combination of tobacco, menthol/mint, other flavor(s). The key outcome, evaluated at follow-up in 2016/17, was frequent e-cigarette use, which was defined as use on 20+ of past 30 days. Logistic regression was used to evaluate associations between e-cigarette flavor use in 2015/16 and frequent e-cigarette use at follow-up in 2016/17. Dual users who attempted to quit smoking had greater odds of frequent e-cigarette use at follow-up when they used only non-tobacco, non-menthol/mint flavor than when they used only tobacco flavor as their regular/last e-cigarette flavor (OR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.1-3.4); findings were no longer significant when adjusted for factors including e-cigarette device type (AOR = 1.4, 95% CI: 0.7-2.8). Past 30-day e-cigarette flavor use results were generally similar, although frequent e-cigarette use at follow-up was highest among those who used any combination of tobacco, menthol/mint, or other flavors. Findings indicate that e-cigarette flavor use among dual users who attempt to quit smoking may be related to e-cigarette use frequency overall, which may indicate a mechanism underlying findings for e-cigarette use and smoking cessation. Further longitudinal research may help to disentangle how e-cigarette characteristics uniquely impact e-cigarette use frequency and smoking cessation/sustained use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin A. Kasza
- Department of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (M.L.G.); (A.H.)
| | - Maciej L. Goniewicz
- Department of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (M.L.G.); (A.H.)
| | - Kathryn C. Edwards
- Behavioral Health & Health Policy Practice, Westat Inc., Rockville, MD 20850, USA;
| | - Michael D. Sawdey
- Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA; (M.D.S.); (I.Z.); (L.D.G.)
| | - Marushka L. Silveira
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA;
- Kelly Government Solutions, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Shannon Gravely
- Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; (S.G.); (G.T.F.)
| | - Izabella Zandberg
- Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA; (M.D.S.); (I.Z.); (L.D.G.)
| | - Lisa D. Gardner
- Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA; (M.D.S.); (I.Z.); (L.D.G.)
| | - Geoffrey T. Fong
- Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; (S.G.); (G.T.F.)
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Andrew Hyland
- Department of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (M.L.G.); (A.H.)
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Kasza KA, Edwards KC, Tang Z, Stanton CA, Sharma E, Halenar MJ, Taylor KA, Donaldson EA, Hull LC, Bansal-Travers M, Limpert J, Zandberg I, Gardner LD, Hammad HT, Borek N, Kimmel HL, Compton WM, Hyland A. Correlates of tobacco product cessation among youth and adults in the USA: findings from the PATH Study Waves 1-3 (2013-2016). Tob Control 2020; 29:s203-s215. [PMID: 32321854 PMCID: PMC7520817 DOI: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2019-055255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report on demographic and tobacco use correlates of cessation behaviours across tobacco products (cigarettes, electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), cigars, hookah and smokeless tobacco) among the US population. DESIGN Data were drawn from the first three waves (2013-2016) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study, a nationally representative, longitudinal cohort study of US youth (ages 12-17) and adults (ages 18+) . Past 30-day (P30D) tobacco users at Wave 1 (W1) or Wave 2 (W2) were included (n=1374 youth; n=14 389 adults). Generalised estimating equations were used to evaluate the association between demographic and tobacco use characteristics at baseline, with cessation behaviours at follow-up (discontinuing use, attempting to quit, quitting), over two 1-year periods (W1-W2, W2-Wave 3). RESULTS Among adult users of each type of tobacco product, frequency of use was negatively associated with discontinuing use. Among adult cigarette smokers, non-Hispanic white smokers, those with lower educational attainment and those with lower household income were less likely to discontinue cigarette use; ENDS use was positively associated with making quit attempts but was not associated with cigarette quitting among attempters; smokeless tobacco use was positively associated with quitting among attempters; tobacco dependence was negatively associated with quitting among attempters. Among youth cigarette smokers, tobacco dependence was negatively associated with making quit attempts. DISCUSSION Demographic correlates of tobacco cessation behaviours underscore tobacco use disparities in the USA. Use of ENDS and use of smokeless tobacco products are positively associated with some adult cigarette cessation behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin A Kasza
- Department of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Kathryn C Edwards
- Behavioral Health and Health Policy Practice, Westat, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Zhiqun Tang
- Behavioral Health and Health Policy Practice, Westat, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Cassandra A Stanton
- Behavioral Health and Health Policy Practice, Westat, Rockville, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Eva Sharma
- Behavioral Health and Health Policy Practice, Westat, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Michael J Halenar
- Behavioral Health and Health Policy Practice, Westat, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Kristie A Taylor
- Behavioral Health and Health Policy Practice, Westat, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Elisabeth A Donaldson
- Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Lynn C Hull
- Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Maansi Bansal-Travers
- Department of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jean Limpert
- Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Izabella Zandberg
- Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Lisa D Gardner
- Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Hoda T Hammad
- Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Nicolette Borek
- Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Heather L Kimmel
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Wilson M Compton
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrew Hyland
- Department of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
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7
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Kasza KA, Edwards KC, Tang Z, Stanton CA, Sharma E, Halenar MJ, Taylor KA, Donaldson E, Hull LC, Day H, Bansal-Travers M, Limpert J, Zandberg I, Gardner LD, Hammad HT, Borek N, Kimmel HL, Compton WM, Hyland A. Correlates of tobacco product initiation among youth and adults in the USA: findings from the PATH Study Waves 1-3 (2013-2016). Tob Control 2020; 29:s191-s202. [PMID: 32321853 PMCID: PMC7517709 DOI: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2020-055671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report on demographic and tobacco product use correlates of tobacco product initiation (cigarettes, electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), cigars, hookah and smokeless tobacco) among the US population. DESIGN Data were from the first three waves (2013-2016) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study, a nationally representative, longitudinal cohort study of US youth (aged 12-17 years) and adults (aged 18+ years). Never users of at least one type of tobacco product at Wave 1 (W1, 2013/14) or Wave 2 (W2, 2014/15) were included (n=12 987 youth; n=25 116 adults). Generalised estimating equations were used to evaluate the association between demographic and tobacco product use characteristics at baseline, and tobacco product initiation at follow-up (ever, past 30 day (P30D), frequent (use on 20 or more of thepast 30 days)) over two 1-year periods (W1-W2 and W2-Wave 3). RESULTS Youth aged 15-17 years were more likely than youth aged 12-14 years and adults aged 18-24 years were more likely than older adults to initiate P30D tobacco use across products; non-heterosexuals were more likely than heterosexuals to initiate P30D cigarette and ENDS use. Older adults were more likely than young adults, and males were more likely than females, to be frequent users of ENDS on initiation. Ever use of another tobacco product predicted P30D initiation of each tobacco product. DISCUSSION Other tobacco product use and age predict P30D tobacco initiation across products whereas associations with other demographic characteristics vary by product. Continued contemporary evaluation of initiation rates within the changing tobacco product marketplace is important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin A Kasza
- Department of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Kathryn C Edwards
- Behavioral Health and Health Policy Practice, Westat, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Zhiqun Tang
- Behavioral Health and Health Policy Practice, Westat, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Cassandra A Stanton
- Behavioral Health and Health Policy Practice, Westat, Rockville, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Eva Sharma
- Behavioral Health and Health Policy Practice, Westat, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Michael J Halenar
- Behavioral Health and Health Policy Practice, Westat, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Kristie A Taylor
- Behavioral Health and Health Policy Practice, Westat, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Elisabeth Donaldson
- Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Lynn C Hull
- Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Hannah Day
- Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Maansi Bansal-Travers
- Department of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jean Limpert
- Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Izabella Zandberg
- Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Lisa D Gardner
- Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Hoda T Hammad
- Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Nicolette Borek
- Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Heather L Kimmel
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Wilson M Compton
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrew Hyland
- Department of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
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8
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Green VR, Conway KP, Silveira ML, Kasza KA, Cohn A, Cummings KM, Stanton CA, Callahan-Lyon P, Slavit W, Sargent JD, Hilmi N, Niaura RS, Reissig CJ, Lambert E, Zandberg I, Brunette MF, Tanski SE, Borek N, Hyland AJ, Compton WM. Mental Health Problems and Onset of Tobacco Use Among 12- to 24-Year-Olds in the PATH Study. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2018; 57:944-954.e4. [PMID: 30522740 PMCID: PMC7439766 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2018.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether mental health problems predict incident use of 12 different tobacco products in a nationally representative sample of youth and young adults. METHOD This study analyzed Wave (W) 1 and W2 data from 10,533 12- to 24-year-old W1 never tobacco users in the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study. Self-reported lifetime internalizing and externalizing symptoms were assessed at W1. Past 12-month use of cigarettes, electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), traditional cigars, cigarillos, filtered cigars, pipe, hookah, snus pouches, other smokeless tobacco, bidis and kreteks (youth only), and dissolvable tobacco was assessed at W2. RESULTS In multivariable regression analyses, high-severity W1 internalizing (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.3-1.8) and externalizing (AOR = 1.3, 95% CI = 1.1-1.5) problems predicted W2 onset of any tobacco use compared to no/low/moderate severity. High-severity W1 internalizing problems predicted W2 use onset across most tobacco products. High-severity W1 externalizing problems predicted onset of any tobacco (AOR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.3-1.8), cigarettes (AOR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.0-2.0), ENDS (AOR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.5-2.1), and cigarillos (AOR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.0-2.1) among youth only. CONCLUSION Internalizing and externalizing problems predicted onset of any tobacco use. However, findings differed for internalizing and externalizing problems across tobacco products, and by age, gender, and race/ethnicity. In addition to screening for tobacco product use, health care providers should screen for a range of mental health problems as a predictor of tobacco use. Interventions addressing mental health problems may prevent youth from initiating tobacco use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria R Green
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Kelly Government Solutions, Rockville, MD
| | - Kevin P Conway
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Marushka L Silveira
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Kelly Government Solutions, Rockville, MD.
| | | | - Amy Cohn
- Truth Initiative, Washington, DC
| | | | | | | | - Wendy Slavit
- Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD
| | | | - Nahla Hilmi
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Kelly Government Solutions, Rockville, MD
| | | | - Chad J Reissig
- Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD
| | - Elizabeth Lambert
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Izabella Zandberg
- Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD
| | | | | | - Nicolette Borek
- Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD
| | | | - Wilson M Compton
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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Silveira ML, Conway KP, Green VR, Kasza KA, Sargent JD, Borek N, Stanton CA, Cohn A, Hilmi N, Cummings KM, Niaura RS, Lambert EY, Brunette MF, Zandberg I, Tanski SE, Reissig CJ, Callahan-Lyon P, Slavit WI, Hyland AJ, Compton WM. Longitudinal associations between youth tobacco and substance use in waves 1 and 2 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study. Drug Alcohol Depend 2018; 191:25-36. [PMID: 30077053 PMCID: PMC6239207 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While evidence suggests bidirectional associations between cigarette use and substance (alcohol or drug) use, how these associations are reflected across the range of currently available tobacco products is unknown. This study examined whether ever tobacco use predicted subsequent substance use, and ever substance use predicted subsequent tobacco use among 11,996 U.S. youth (12-17 years) from Waves 1 (2013-2014) and 2 (2014-2015) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study. METHODS Ever use of cigarettes, e-cigarettes, traditional cigars, cigarillos, filtered cigars, pipe, hookah, snus pouches, smokeless tobacco excluding snus pouches, dissolvable tobacco, bidis, kreteks, alcohol, marijuana, prescription drugs, and other drugs (cocaine and other stimulants, heroin, inhalants, solvents, and hallucinogens) was assessed at Wave 1 followed by past 12-month use assessments at Wave 2. The analyses included covariates (demographics, mental health, sensation seeking, prior use) to mitigate confounding. RESULTS Ever tobacco use predicted subsequent substance use. The magnitude of the associations was lowest for alcohol, higher for marijuana, and highest for other drugs. Ever substance use also predicted subsequent tobacco use. Specifically, ever alcohol, marijuana, and non-prescribed Ritalin/Adderall use predicted tobacco-product use. Ever e-cigarette and cigarette use exclusively and concurrently predicted subsequent any drug (including and excluding alcohol) use. E-cigarette and cigarette use associations in the opposite direction were also significant; the strongest associations were observed for exclusive cigarette use. CONCLUSION Tobacco and substance use prevention efforts may benefit from comprehensive screening and interventions across tobacco products, alcohol, and drugs, and targeting risk factors shared across substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marushka L Silveira
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, 6001 Executive Blvd., Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Kelly Government Solutions, Rockville, MD, USA.
| | - Kevin P Conway
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, 6001 Executive Blvd., Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Victoria R Green
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, 6001 Executive Blvd., Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Kelly Government Solutions, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Karin A Kasza
- Department of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, 665 Elm St, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - James D Sargent
- Cancer Control Research Program, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, and Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Rubin 8 Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
| | - Nicolette Borek
- Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | | | - Amy Cohn
- The Schroeder Institute for Tobacco Research and Policy Studies, Truth Initiative, 900 G Street, NW, Fourth Floor, Washington, DC 20001, USA
| | - Nahla Hilmi
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, 6001 Executive Blvd., Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Kelly Government Solutions, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - K Michael Cummings
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 67 President Street, MSC 861, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Raymond S Niaura
- The Schroeder Institute for Tobacco Research and Policy Studies, Truth Initiative, 900 G Street, NW, Fourth Floor, Washington, DC 20001, USA
| | - Elizabeth Y Lambert
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, 6001 Executive Blvd., Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mary F Brunette
- Cancer Control Research Program, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, and Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Rubin 8 Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
| | - Izabella Zandberg
- Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Susanne E Tanski
- Cancer Control Research Program, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, and Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Rubin 8 Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
| | - Chad J Reissig
- Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Priscilla Callahan-Lyon
- Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Wendy I Slavit
- Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Andrew J Hyland
- Department of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, 665 Elm St, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Wilson M Compton
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, 6001 Executive Blvd., Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Donaldson EA, Hoffman AC, Zandberg I, Blake KD. Media exposure and tobacco product addiction beliefs: Findings from the 2015 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS-FDA 2015). Addict Behav 2017; 72:106-113. [PMID: 28390232 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Addiction beliefs about tobacco use are associated with intentions to use and use of tobacco products. Exposure to information about tobacco products in media sources may affect addiction beliefs. PURPOSE To examine the relationship between media exposure and tobacco product addiction beliefs. METHODS A nationally representative sample of US adults (n=3738) from the 2015 National Cancer Institute's Health Information National Trends Survey was used to examine addiction beliefs about cigarettes, cigars, smokeless tobacco, electronic cigarettes, hookah/waterpipe tobacco, and roll-your-own cigarettes. We used logistic regression to examine the relationship between media exposure and addiction beliefs. We defined media exposure by hours exposed, as well as exposure to tobacco use health effects information through media sources including social media. We categorized media sources by whether respondents actively or passively engaged with the source. FINDINGS A majority (60.6% to 87.3%) of respondents believed that cigarettes, cigars, roll-your-own cigarettes and smokeless tobacco are addictive. Less than half of respondents believed that electronic cigarettes or hookah/waterpipes are addictive (45.2% and 49.8%, respectively). Respondents exposed to messages about tobacco use health effects on active media channels (e.g., social media) had greater odds of believing that smokeless tobacco (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=1.48), hookah/waterpipe (AOR=1.69), and roll-your-own cigarettes (AOR=1.61) are addictive. Respondents exposed to tobacco use health effects messages on passive media channels (e.g., television), had greater odds of believing that cigarettes (AOR=2.76) and electronic cigarettes (AOR=2.12) are addictive. CONCLUSIONS US adult exposure to information about the health effects of tobacco use was associated with addiction beliefs about tobacco products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth A Donaldson
- Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
| | - Allison C Hoffman
- Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Izabella Zandberg
- Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Kelly D Blake
- Health Communication and Informatics Research Branch, Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, USA
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