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Duchniewicz M, Lee JYW, Menon DK, Needham EJ. Candidate Genetic and Molecular Drivers of Dysregulated Adaptive Immune Responses After Traumatic Brain Injury. J Neurotrauma 2024; 41:3-12. [PMID: 37376743 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2023.0187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract Neuroinflammation is a significant and modifiable cause of secondary injury after traumatic brain injury (TBI), driven by both central and peripheral immune responses. A substantial proportion of outcome after TBI is genetically mediated, with an estimated heritability effect of around 26%, but because of the comparatively small datasets currently available, the individual drivers of this genetic effect have not been well delineated. A hypothesis-driven approach to analyzing genome-wide association study (GWAS) datasets reduces the burden of multiplicity testing and allows variants with a high prior biological probability of effect to be identified where sample size is insufficient to withstand data-driven approaches. Adaptive immune responses show substantial genetically mediated heterogeneity and are well established as a genetic source of risk for numerous disease states; importantly, HLA class II has been specifically identified as a locus of interest in the largest TBI GWAS study to date, highlighting the importance of genetic variance in adaptive immune responses after TBI. In this review article we identify and discuss adaptive immune system genes that are known to confer strong risk effects for human disease, with the dual intentions of drawing attention to this area of immunobiology, which, despite its importance to the field, remains under-investigated in TBI and presenting high-yield testable hypotheses for application to TBI GWAS datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Duchniewicz
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - John Y W Lee
- Division of Anaesthesia, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - David K Menon
- Division of Anaesthesia, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Edward J Needham
- Division of Anaesthesia, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Takeichi T, Ito Y, Lee JYW, Murase C, Okuno Y, Muro Y, McGrath JA, Akiyama M. KLK11 ichthyosis: large truncal hyperkeratotic pigmented plaques underscore a distinct autosomal dominant disorder of cornification. Br J Dermatol 2023; 189:134-136. [PMID: 37212630 DOI: 10.1093/bjd/ljad082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Recently, Gong et al. reported two substitutions, p.(Gly50Glu) and p.(Gly50Arg), located at the last amino acid of the estimated signal peptide in kallikrein11 (KLK11) in three independent ichthyosiform erythroderma or erythrokeratoderma pedigrees (Gong et al., Br J Dermatol, 2023). Here, we present a further case of autosomal dominant congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma caused by the p.(Gly50Glu) substitution in KLK11; the patient had sharply demarcated pigmented hyperkeratotic lesions. Thus, p.(Gly50Glu) in KLK11 might represent a recurrent variant underlying this recently reported autosomal dominant disorder of cornification, and the large hyperkeratotic pigmented plaques seen in all patients may represent a pathognomonic part of the phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Takeichi
- Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasutoshi Ito
- Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - John Y W Lee
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Chiaki Murase
- Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yusuke Okuno
- Department of Virology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Muro
- Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - John A McGrath
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Masashi Akiyama
- Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Endzhievskaya S, Hsu CK, Yang HS, Huang HY, Lin YC, Hong YK, Lee JYW, Onoufriadis A, Takeichi T, Yu-Yun Lee J, Shaw TJ, McGrath JA, Parsons M. Loss of RhoE Function in Dermatofibroma Promotes Disorganized Dermal Fibroblast Extracellular Matrix and Increased Integrin Activation. J Invest Dermatol 2023:S0022-202X(23)00075-1. [PMID: 36774976 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Dermatofibromas (DFs) are common, benign fibrous skin tumors that can occur at any skin site. In most cases, DFs are solitary and sporadic, but a few are multiple and familial, and the mechanisms leading to these lesions are currently unclear. Using exome sequencing, we have identified a heterozygous variant in a pedigree with autosomal dominant multiple familial DF within RND3 (c.692C>T,p.T231M) that encodes for the small GTPase RhoE, a regulator of the actin cytoskeleton. Expression of T231M-RhoE or RhoE depletion using CRISPR in human dermal fibroblasts increased proliferation and adhesion to extracellular matrix through enhanced β1 integrin activation and more disorganized matrix. The enzyme PLOD2 was identified as a binding partner for RhoE, and the formation of this complex was disrupted by T231M-RhoE. PLOD2 promotes collagen cross-linking and activation of β1 integrins, and depleting PLOD2 in T231M-RhoE-expressing cells reduced T231M-RhoE-mediated β1 integrin activation and led to increased matrix alignment. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed reduced expression of RhoE but increased expression of PLOD2 in the dermis of DF skin samples compared with that of the controls. Our data show that loss of RhoE function leads to increased PLOD2 activation, enhancing integrin activation and leading to a disorganized extracellular matrix, contributing to DF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Endzhievskaya
- Randall Centre for Cell & Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Chao-Kai Hsu
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; International Center of Wound Repair and Regeneration, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-San Yang
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yu Huang
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Lin
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Kai Hong
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - John Y W Lee
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandros Onoufriadis
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Takuya Takeichi
- Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Julia Yu-Yun Lee
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tanya J Shaw
- Centre for Inflammation Biology & Cancer Immunology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - John A McGrath
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maddy Parsons
- Randall Centre for Cell & Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
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Jackson A, Moss C, Chandler KE, Balboa PL, Bageta ML, Petrof G, Martinez AE, Liu L, Guy A, Mellerio JE, Lee JYW, Ogboli M, Ryan G, McGrath JA, Banka S. Biallelic TUFT1 variants cause woolly hair, superficial skin fragility and desmosomal defects. Br J Dermatol 2023; 188:75-83. [PMID: 36689522 DOI: 10.1093/bjd/ljac026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Desmosomes are complex cell junction structures that connect intermediate filaments providing strong cell-to-cell adhesion in tissues exposed to mechanical stress. OBJECTIVES To identify causal variants in individuals with woolly hair and skin fragility of unknown genetic cause. METHODS This research was conducted using whole-genome sequencing, whole-exome sequencing, clinical phenotyping, haplotype analysis, single-cell RNA sequencing data analysis, immunofluorescence microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS We identified homozygous predicted loss-of-function tuftelin-1 (TUFT1) variants in nine individuals, from three families, with woolly hair and skin fragility. One donor splice-site variant, c.60+1G>A, was present in two families, while a frameshift variant, p.Gln189Asnfs*49, was found in the third family. Haplotype analysis showed the c.60+1G>A substitution to be a founder variant in the Irish population that likely arose approximately 20 generations ago. Human and mouse single-cell RNA sequencing data showed TUFT1 expression to be enriched in the hair dermal sheath and keratinocytes. TUFT1 expression was highly correlated with genes encoding desmosomal components implicated in diseases with phenotypes that overlap with the cohort presented here. Immunofluorescence showed tuftelin-1 to be mainly localized to the peripheral cell membranes of keratinocytes in normal skin. Skin samples from individuals with TUFT1 variants showed markedly reduced immunoreactivity for tuftelin-1, with a loss of the keratinocyte cell membrane labelling. Light microscopy revealed keratinocyte adhesion, mild hyperkeratosis and areas of superficial peeling. Transmission electron microscopy showed panepidermal acantholysis with widening of intercellular spaces throughout the epidermis and desmosomal detachment through the inner plaques. CONCLUSIONS Biallelic loss-of-function TUFT1 variants cause a new autosomal recessive skin/hair disorder characterized by woolly hair texture and early-onset skin fragility. Tuftelin-1 has a role in desmosomal integrity and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Jackson
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Health Innovation Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Celia Moss
- Department of Dermatology, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Kate E Chandler
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Health Innovation Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Pablo Lopez Balboa
- Department of Dermatology, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Maria L Bageta
- Department of Dermatology, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Gabriela Petrof
- Department of Dermatology, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Anna E Martinez
- Department of Dermatology, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Lu Liu
- Viapath, National Diagnostic Epidermolysis Bullosa Laboratory, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Alyson Guy
- Viapath, National Diagnostic Epidermolysis Bullosa Laboratory, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Jemima E Mellerio
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London (Guy's Campus), London, UK
| | - John Y W Lee
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London (Guy's Campus), London, UK
| | - Malobi Ogboli
- Department of Dermatology, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Gavin Ryan
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Laboratory, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - John A McGrath
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London (Guy's Campus), London, UK
| | - Siddharth Banka
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Health Innovation Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Takeichi T, Lee JYW, Okuno Y, Miyasaka Y, Murase Y, Yoshikawa T, Tanahashi K, Nishida E, Okamoto T, Ito K, Muro Y, Sugiura K, Ohno T, McGrath JA, Akiyama M. Autoinflammatory Keratinization Disease With Hepatitis and Autism Reveals Roles for JAK1 Kinase Hyperactivity in Autoinflammation. Front Immunol 2022; 12:737747. [PMID: 35046931 PMCID: PMC8761858 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.737747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Heterozygous mutations in JAK1 which result in JAK-STAT hyperactivity have been implicated in an autosomal dominant disorder that features multi-organ immune dysregulation. This study identifies another previously unreported heterozygous missense JAK1 mutation, H596D, in an individual with a unique autoinflammatory keratinization disease associated with early-onset liver dysfunction and autism. Using CRISPR-Cas9 gene targeting, we generated mice with an identical Jak1 knock-in missense mutation (Jak1H595D/+;I596I/+;Y597Y/+ mice) that recapitulated key aspects of the human phenotype. RNA sequencing of samples isolated from the Jak1H595D/+;I596I/+;Y597Y/+ mice revealed the upregulation of genes associated with the hyperactivation of tyrosine kinases and NF-κB signaling. Interestingly, there was a strong correlation between genes downregulated in Jak1H595D/+;I596I/+;Y597Y/+ mice and those downregulated in the brain of model mice with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome that showed cognitive and behavioral deficits, such as autism spectrum disorders. Our findings expand the phenotypic spectrum of JAK1-associated disease and underscore how JAK1 dysfunction contributes to this autoinflammatory disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Takeichi
- Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - John Y W Lee
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yusuke Okuno
- Medical Genomics Center, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Virology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuki Miyasaka
- Division of Experimental Animals, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuya Murase
- Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takenori Yoshikawa
- Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kana Tanahashi
- Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Emi Nishida
- Department of Geriatric and Environmental Dermatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Okamoto
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Komei Ito
- Department of Allergology, Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center, Obu, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Muro
- Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazumitsu Sugiura
- Department of Dermatology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Tamio Ohno
- Division of Experimental Animals, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - John A McGrath
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Masashi Akiyama
- Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Lee JYW, McGrath JA. Mutations in genes encoding desmosomal proteins: spectrum of cutaneous and extracutaneous abnormalities. Br J Dermatol 2020; 184:596-605. [PMID: 32593191 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.19342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The desmosome is a type of intercellular junction found in epithelial cells, cardiomyocytes and other specialized cell types. Composed of a network of transmembranous cadherins and intracellular armadillo, plakin and other proteins, desmosomes contribute to cell-cell adhesion, signalling, development and differentiation. Mutations in genes encoding desmosomal proteins result in a spectrum of erosive skin and mucosal phenotypes that also may affect hair or heart. This review summarizes the molecular pathology and phenotypes associated with desmosomal dysfunction with a focus on inherited disorders that involve the skin/hair, as well as associated extracutaneous pathologies. We reviewed the relevant literature to collate studies of pathogenic human mutations in desmosomes that have been reported over the last 25 years. Mutations in 12 different desmosome genes have been documented, with mutations in nine genes affecting the skin/mucous membranes (DSG1, DSG3, DSC2, DSC3, JUP, PKP1, DSP, CDSN, PERP) and eight resulting in hair abnormalities (DSG4, DSC2, DSC3, JUP, PKP1, DSP, CDSN, PERP). Mutations in three genes can result in cardiocutaneous syndromes (DSC2, JUP, DSP), although mutations have been described in five genes in inherited heart disorders that may lack any dermatological manifestations (DSG2, DSC2, JUP, PKP2, DSP). Understanding the diverse nature of these clinical phenotypes, as well as the desmosome gene mutation(s), has clinical value in managing and counselling patients, as well as demonstrating the biological role and activity of specific components of desmosomes in skin and other tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y W Lee
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - J A McGrath
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Takeichi
- Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 466-8550 Nagoya, Japan. E-mail:
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Supsrisunjai C, Hsu CK, Michael M, Duval C, Lee JYW, Yang HS, Huang HY, Chaikul T, Onoufriadis A, Steiner RA, Ariëns RAS, Sarig O, Sprecher E, Eskin-Schwartz M, Samlaska C, Simpson MA, Calonje E, Parsons M, McGrath JA. Coagulation Factor XIII-A Subunit Missense Mutation in the Pathobiology of Autosomal Dominant Multiple Dermatofibromas. J Invest Dermatol 2019; 140:624-635.e7. [PMID: 31493396 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.08.441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Dermatofibromas are common benign skin lesions, the etiology of which is poorly understood. We identified two unrelated pedigrees in which there was autosomal dominant transmission of multiple dermatofibromas. Whole exome sequencing revealed a rare shared heterozygous missense variant in the F13A1 gene encoding factor XIII subunit A (FXIII-A), a transglutaminase involved in hemostasis, wound healing, tumor growth, and apoptosis. The variant (p.Lys679Met) has an allele frequency of 0.0002 and is predicted to be a damaging mutation. Recombinant human Lys679Met FXIII-A demonstrated reduced fibrin crosslinking activity in vitro. Of note, the treatment of fibroblasts with media containing Lys679Met FXIII-A led to enhanced adhesion, proliferation, and type I collagen synthesis. Immunostaining revealed co-localization between FXIII-A and α4β1 integrins, more prominently for Lys679Met FXIII-A than the wild type. In addition, both the α4β1 inhibitors and the mutation of the FXIII-A Isoleucine-Leucine-Aspartate-Threonine (ILDT) motif prevented Lys679Met FXIII-A-dependent proliferation and collagen synthesis of fibroblasts. Our data suggest that the Lys679Met mutation may lead to a conformational change in the FXIII-A protein that enhances α4-integrin binding and provides insight into an unexpected role for FXIII-A in the pathobiology of familial dermatofibroma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chavalit Supsrisunjai
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Institute of Dermatology, Ministry of Public Health, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chao-Kai Hsu
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Magdalene Michael
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Cédric Duval
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - John Y W Lee
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hsing-San Yang
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yu Huang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Thitiwat Chaikul
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandros Onoufriadis
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Roberto A Steiner
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert A S Ariëns
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Ofer Sarig
- Division of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eli Sprecher
- Division of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Curt Samlaska
- Academic Dermatology of Nevada, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada
| | - Michael A Simpson
- Department of Genetics, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eduardo Calonje
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Department of Dermatopathology, St John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maddy Parsons
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - John A McGrath
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
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Tziotzios C, Lee JYW, Brier T, Saito R, Hsu CK, Bhargava K, Stefanato CM, Fenton DA, McGrath JA. Lichen planus and lichenoid dermatoses: Clinical overview and molecular basis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2019; 79:789-804. [PMID: 30318136 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Deriving from the Greek word λειχήν for "tree moss" and the Latin word planus for "planar," lichen planus is a relatively uncommon and heterogeneous cutaneous disorder that typically develops in middle-aged adults. Despite the significant clinical burden associated with the disorder, little well-conducted molecular research has been undertaken, possibly because of heterogeneity impeding consistent and confident phenotyping. The multiple variants of lichenoid disease bear overlapping clinical and pathologic features despite manifesting as distinct clinical disorders. The first article in this 2-part continuing medical education series provides a comprehensive overview of the clinical and pathologic characteristics of cutaneous lichenoid dermatoses and links these manifestations to recent advances in our understanding of the underlying pathobiology of such diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Tziotzios
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
| | - John Y W Lee
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy Brier
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ryo Saito
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Chao-Kai Hsu
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kapil Bhargava
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine M Stefanato
- Department of Dermatopathology, St. John's Institute of Dermatology, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - David A Fenton
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - John A McGrath
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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10
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Lee JYW, Farag A, Tawdy A, Liu L, Michael M, Rashidghamat E, Aristodemou S, Hsu CK, Simpson MA, Parsons M, McGrath JA. Homozygous acceptor splice site mutation in DSG1 disrupts plakoglobin localization and results in keratoderma and skin fragility. J Dermatol Sci 2017; 89:198-201. [PMID: 29229434 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2017.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John Y W Lee
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Assem Farag
- Dermatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amira Tawdy
- Dermatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Lu Liu
- National Diagnostic EB Laboratory, Viapath, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Magdalene Michael
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London (Guy's Campus), London, UK
| | - Ellie Rashidghamat
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Sophia Aristodemou
- Dermatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Chao-Kai Hsu
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK; Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Michael A Simpson
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Maddy Parsons
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London (Guy's Campus), London, UK
| | - John A McGrath
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK.
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11
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Higashino T, Lee JYW, McGrath JA. Advances in the genetic understanding of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/21678707.2017.1405806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toshihide Higashino
- St John’s Institute of Dermatology, King’s College London, Guy’s Hospital, London, UK
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Bio-Nano Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - John Y. W. Lee
- St John’s Institute of Dermatology, King’s College London, Guy’s Hospital, London, UK
| | - John A. McGrath
- St John’s Institute of Dermatology, King’s College London, Guy’s Hospital, London, UK
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12
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Straussberg R, Onoufriadis A, Konen O, Zouabi Y, Cohen L, Lee JYW, Hsu CK, Simpson MA, McGrath JA. Novel homozygous missense mutation in NT5C2 underlying hereditary spastic paraplegia SPG45. Am J Med Genet A 2017; 173:3109-3113. [PMID: 28884889 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
SPG45 is a rare form of autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia associated with mental retardation. Detailed phenotyping and mutation analysis was undertaken in three individuals with SPG45 from a consanguineous family of Arab Muslim origin. Using whole-exome sequencing, we identified a novel homozygous missense mutation in NT5C2 (c.1379T>C; p.Leu460Pro). Our data expand the molecular basis of SPG45, adding the first missense mutation to the current database of nonsense, frameshift, and splice site mutations. NT5C2 mutations seem to have a broad clinical spectrum and should be sought in patients manifesting either as uncomplicated or complicated HSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Straussberg
- Neurogenetic Clinic, Neurology Institute, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Alexandros Onoufriadis
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Osnat Konen
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Radiology Institute, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Yasmin Zouabi
- Neurogenetic Clinic, Neurology Institute, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Lior Cohen
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Genetic Institute, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - John Y W Lee
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Chao-Kai Hsu
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Michael A Simpson
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - John A McGrath
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
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13
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Takeichi T, Torrelo A, Lee JYW, Ohno Y, Lozano ML, Kihara A, Liu L, Yasuda Y, Ishikawa J, Murase T, Rodrigo AB, Fernández-Crehuet P, Toi Y, Mellerio J, Rivera J, Vicente V, Kelsell DP, Nishimura Y, Okuno Y, Kojima D, Ogawa Y, Sugiura K, Simpson MA, McLean WHI, Akiyama M, McGrath JA. Biallelic Mutations in KDSR Disrupt Ceramide Synthesis and Result in a Spectrum of Keratinization Disorders Associated with Thrombocytopenia. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 137:2344-2353. [PMID: 28774589 PMCID: PMC5646945 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2017] [Revised: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in ceramide biosynthesis pathways have been implicated in a few Mendelian disorders of keratinization, although ceramides are known to have key roles in several biological processes in skin and other tissues. Using whole-exome sequencing in four probands with undiagnosed skin hyperkeratosis/ichthyosis, we identified compound heterozygosity for mutations in KDSR, encoding an enzyme in the de novo synthesis pathway of ceramides. Two individuals had hyperkeratosis confined to palms, soles, and anogenital skin, whereas the other two had more severe, generalized harlequin ichthyosis-like skin. Thrombocytopenia was present in all patients. The mutations in KDSR were associated with reduced ceramide levels in skin and impaired platelet function. KDSR enzymatic activity was variably reduced in all patients, resulting in defective acylceramide synthesis. Mutations in KDSR have recently been reported in inherited recessive forms of progressive symmetric erythrokeratoderma, but our study shows that biallelic mutations in KDSR are implicated in an extended spectrum of disorders of keratinization in which thrombocytopenia is also part of the phenotype. Mutations in KDSR cause defective ceramide biosynthesis, underscoring the importance of ceramide and sphingosine synthesis pathways in skin and platelet biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Takeichi
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London (Guy's Campus), London, UK; Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Antonio Torrelo
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Infantil del Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain
| | - John Y W Lee
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London (Guy's Campus), London, UK
| | - Yusuke Ohno
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - María Luisa Lozano
- Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, IMIB-Arrixaca, Universidad de Murcia, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Akio Kihara
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Lu Liu
- Viapath, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Yuka Yasuda
- Analytical Science Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Haga, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Junko Ishikawa
- Biological Science Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Haga, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Murase
- Biological Science Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Haga, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Ana Belén Rodrigo
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Sierra de Segura, Puente de Génave, Jaén, Spain
| | | | - Yoichiro Toi
- Department of Dermatology, Hiroshima City Hiroshima Citizens Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Jemima Mellerio
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London (Guy's Campus), London, UK; Department of Dermatology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - José Rivera
- Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, IMIB-Arrixaca, Universidad de Murcia, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Vicente
- Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, IMIB-Arrixaca, Universidad de Murcia, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - David P Kelsell
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts, London, UK; London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Whitechapel, London, UK
| | - Yutaka Nishimura
- Department of General Perinatology, Hiroshima City Hiroshima Citizens Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yusuke Okuno
- Center for Advanced Medicine and Clinical Research, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Daiei Kojima
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasushi Ogawa
- Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazumitsu Sugiura
- Department of Dermatology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Michael A Simpson
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, School of Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - W H Irwin McLean
- Centre for Dermatology and Genetic Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Masashi Akiyama
- Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - John A McGrath
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London (Guy's Campus), London, UK; Centre for Dermatology and Genetic Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
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14
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Hsu CK, Romano MT, Nanda A, Rashidghamat E, Lee JYW, Huang HY, Songsantiphap C, Lee JYY, Al-Ajmi H, Betz RC, Simpson MA, McGrath JA, Tziotzios C. Congenital Anonychia and Uncombable Hair Syndrome: Coinheritance of Homozygous Mutations in RSPO4 and PADI3. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 137:1176-1179. [PMID: 28087452 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Kai Hsu
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London (Guy's Campus), London, UK; Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | | | - Arti Nanda
- As' ad Al-Hamad Dermatology Center, Al-Sabah Hospital, Kuwait
| | - Ellie Rashidghamat
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London (Guy's Campus), London, UK
| | - John Y W Lee
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London (Guy's Campus), London, UK
| | - Hsin-Yu Huang
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chankiat Songsantiphap
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London (Guy's Campus), London, UK; Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Julia Yu-Yun Lee
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hejab Al-Ajmi
- As' ad Al-Hamad Dermatology Center, Al-Sabah Hospital, Kuwait
| | - Regina C Betz
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael A Simpson
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - John A McGrath
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London (Guy's Campus), London, UK.
| | - Christos Tziotzios
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London (Guy's Campus), London, UK
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15
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Hsu CK, Liu L, Can PK, Kocatürk E, McMillan JR, Güngör Ş, Hürdoğan Ö, Sargan A, Degirmentepe EN, Lee JYW, Simpson MA, McGrath JA. Ectodermal dysplasia-skin fragility syndrome resulting from a new atypical homozygous cryptic acceptor splice site mutation in PKP1. J Dermatol Sci 2016; 84:210-212. [PMID: 27554337 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2016.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Kai Hsu
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK; Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Institue of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Lu Liu
- Viapath, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Pelin K Can
- Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital, Dermatology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emek Kocatürk
- Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital, Dermatology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Şule Güngör
- Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital, Dermatology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özge Hürdoğan
- Istanbul University Of Medicine, Histology and Embriology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aytul Sargan
- Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital, Pathology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - John Y W Lee
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Michael A Simpson
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - John A McGrath
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK.
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