1
|
Nieminen P, Finnilä MAJ, Hämäläinen W, Lehtiniemi S, Jämsä T, Tuukkanen J, Kunnasranta M, Henttonen H, Mustonen AM. Osteological profiling of femoral diaphysis and neck in aquatic, semiaquatic, and terrestrial carnivores and rodents: effects of body size and locomotor habits. J Comp Physiol B 2024:10.1007/s00360-024-01551-7. [PMID: 38678156 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-024-01551-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
The increased limb bone density documented previously for aquatic tetrapods has been proposed to be an adaptation to overcome buoyancy during swimming and diving. It can be achieved by increasing the amount of bone deposition or by reducing the amount of bone resorption, leading to cortical thickening, loss of medullary cavity, and compaction of trabecular bone. The present study examined the effects of locomotor habit, body size, and phylogeny on the densitometric, cross-sectional, and biomechanical traits of femoral diaphysis and neck in terrestrial, semiaquatic, and aquatic carnivores, and in terrestrial and semiaquatic rodents (12 species) by using peripheral quantitative computed tomography, three-point bending, and femoral neck loading tests. Groupwise differences were analyzed with the univariate generalized linear model and the multivariate linear discriminant analysis supplemented with hierarchical clustering. While none of the individual features could separate the lifestyles or species adequately, the combinations of multiple features produced very good or excellent classifications and clusterings. In the phocid seals, the aquatic niche allowed for lower femoral bone mineral densities than expected based on the body mass alone. The semiaquatic mammals mostly had high bone mineral densities compared to the terrestrial species, which could be considered an adaptation to overcome buoyancy during swimming and shallow diving. Generally, it seems that different osteological properties at the levels of mineral density and biomechanics could be compatible with the adaptation to aquatic, semiaquatic, or terrestrial niches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petteri Nieminen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Forestry and Technology, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
- School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mikko A J Finnilä
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Saara Lehtiniemi
- Department of Computer Science, School of Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Timo Jämsä
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Research Unit of Translational Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mervi Kunnasranta
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Forestry and Technology, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | | | - Anne-Mari Mustonen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Forestry and Technology, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland.
- School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abushahba F, Kylmäoja E, Areid N, Hupa L, Vallittu PK, Tuukkanen J, Närhi T. Osteoblast Attachment on Bioactive Glass Air Particle Abrasion-Induced Calcium Phosphate Coating. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:74. [PMID: 38247951 PMCID: PMC10813256 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11010074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Air particle abrasion (APA) using bioactive glass (BG) effectively decontaminates titanium (Ti) surface biofilms and the retained glass particles on the abraded surfaces impart potent antibacterial properties against various clinically significant pathogens. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of BG APA and simulated body fluid (SBF) immersion of sandblasted and acid-etched (SA) Ti surfaces on osteoblast cell viability. Another goal was to study the antibacterial effect against Streptococcus mutans. Square-shaped 10 mm diameter Ti substrates (n = 136) were SA by grit blasting with aluminum oxide particles, then acid-etching in an HCl-H2SO4 mixture. The SA substrates (n = 68) were used as non-coated controls (NC-SA). The test group (n = 68) was further subjected to APA using experimental zinc-containing BG (Zn4) and then mineralized in SBF for 14 d (Zn4-CaP). Surface roughness, contact angle, and surface free energy (SFE) were calculated on test and control surfaces. In addition, the topography and chemistry of substrate surfaces were also characterized. Osteoblastic cell viability and focal adhesion were also evaluated and compared to glass slides as an additional control. The antibacterial effect of Zn4-CaP was also assessed against S. mutans. After immersion in SBF, a mineralized zinc-containing Ca-P coating was formed on the SA substrates. The Zn4-CaP coating resulted in a significantly lower Ra surface roughness value (2.565 μm; p < 0.001), higher wettability (13.35°; p < 0.001), and higher total SFE (71.13; p < 0.001) compared to 3.695 μm, 77.19° and 40.43 for the NC-SA, respectively. APA using Zn4 can produce a zinc-containing calcium phosphate coating that demonstrates osteoblast cell viability and focal adhesion comparable to that on NC-SA or glass slides. Nevertheless, the coating had no antibacterial effect against S. mutans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faleh Abushahba
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterial Center—TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland;
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Stomatognathic Physiology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland;
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Libyan International Medical University (LIMU), Benghazi 339P+62Q, Libya
| | - Elina Kylmäoja
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Research Unit of Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland; (E.K.); (J.T.)
| | - Nagat Areid
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Stomatognathic Physiology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland;
| | - Leena Hupa
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Center, Åbo Akademi University, Henriksgatan 2, 20500 Turku, Finland;
| | - Pekka K. Vallittu
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterial Center—TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland;
- The Wellbeing Service County Southwest Finland, 20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Research Unit of Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland; (E.K.); (J.T.)
| | - Timo Närhi
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterial Center—TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland;
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Stomatognathic Physiology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland;
- The Wellbeing Service County Southwest Finland, 20521 Turku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nethander M, Movérare-Skrtic S, Kämpe A, Coward E, Reimann E, Grahnemo L, Borbély É, Helyes Z, Funck-Brentano T, Cohen-Solal M, Tuukkanen J, Koskela A, Wu J, Li L, Lu T, Gabrielsen ME, Mägi R, Hoff M, Lerner UH, Henning P, Ullum H, Erikstrup C, Brunak S, Langhammer A, Tuomi T, Oddsson A, Stefansson K, Pettersson-Kymmer U, Ostrowski SR, Pedersen OBV, Styrkarsdottir U, Mäkitie O, Hveem K, Richards JB, Ohlsson C. An atlas of genetic determinants of forearm fracture. Nat Genet 2023; 55:1820-1830. [PMID: 37919453 PMCID: PMC10632131 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01527-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporotic fracture is among the most common and costly of diseases. While reasonably heritable, its genetic determinants have remained elusive. Forearm fractures are the most common clinically recognized osteoporotic fractures with a relatively high heritability. To establish an atlas of the genetic determinants of forearm fractures, we performed genome-wide association analyses including 100,026 forearm fracture cases. We identified 43 loci, including 26 new fracture loci. Although most fracture loci associated with bone mineral density, we also identified loci that primarily regulate bone quality parameters. Functional studies of one such locus, at TAC4, revealed that Tac4-/- mice have reduced mechanical bone strength. The strongest forearm fracture signal, at WNT16, displayed remarkable bone-site-specificity with no association with hip fractures. Tall stature and low body mass index were identified as new causal risk factors for fractures. The insights from this atlas may improve fracture prediction and enable therapeutic development to prevent fractures.
Collapse
Grants
- Wellcome Trust
- IngaBritt och Arne Lundbergs Forskningsstiftelse (Ingabritt and Arne Lundberg Research Foundation)
- Novo Nordisk Fonden (Novo Nordisk Foundation)
- Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse (Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation)
- the Swedish state under the agreement between the Swedish government and the county councils, the ALF-agreement (ALFGBG-720331 and ALFGBG-965235)
- the Hungarian Brain research Program 3.0, Hungarian National Research, Development and Innovation Office (OTKA K- 138046, OTKA FK-137951, TKP2021-EGA-16), New National Excellence Program of the Ministry for Innovation and Technology (ÚNKP-22-5-PTE-1447), János Bolyai János Scholarship (BO/00496/21/5) of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eotvos Lorad Research Network, National Laboratory for Drug Research and Development.
- Vetenskapsrådet (Swedish Research Council)
- Svenska Läkaresällskapet (Swedish Society of Medicine)
- Kempestiftelserna (Kempe Foundations)
- the Swedish Sports Research Council (87/06) the Medical Faculty of Umeå University (ALFVLL:968:22-2005, ALFVLL: 937-2006, ALFVLL:223:11-2007, ALFVLL:78151-2009) the county council of Västerbotten (Spjutspetsanslag VLL:159:33-2007)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Nethander
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sofia Movérare-Skrtic
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anders Kämpe
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eivind Coward
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ene Reimann
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Louise Grahnemo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Éva Borbély
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- National Laboratory for Drug Research and Development, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Helyes
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- National Laboratory for Drug Research and Development, Budapest, Hungary
- Eotvos Lorand Research Network, Chronic Pain Research Group, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Thomas Funck-Brentano
- BIOSCAR UMRS 1132, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Martine Cohen-Solal
- BIOSCAR UMRS 1132, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Antti Koskela
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jianyao Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tianyuan Lu
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maiken E Gabrielsen
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mari Hoff
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Rheumatology, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ulf H Lerner
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Petra Henning
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Christian Erikstrup
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Søren Brunak
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Tiinamaija Tuomi
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Endocrinology, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE genetics, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Sisse Rye Ostrowski
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen Hospital Biobank Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ole Birger Vesterager Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Zealand University Hospital, Koege, Denmark
| | | | - Outi Mäkitie
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Helsinki, Finland
- Children's Hospital and Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kristian Hveem
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, and Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
| | - J Brent Richards
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Drug Treatment, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Svensson J, Sjögren K, Lawenius L, Koskela A, Tuukkanen J, Nilsson KH, Movérare-Skrtic S, Ohlsson C. Bone-Derived IGF-I Regulates Radial Bone Growth in Adult Male Mice. Endocrinology 2023; 164:bqad104. [PMID: 37406213 PMCID: PMC10360385 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqad104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) levels, which are reduced by age, and cortical bone dimensions are major determinants of fracture risk in elderly subjects. Inactivation of liver-derived circulating IGF-I results in reduced periosteal bone expansion in young and older mice. In mice with lifelong depletion of IGF-I in osteoblast lineage cells, the long bones display reduced cortical bone width. However, it has not previously been investigated whether inducible inactivation of IGF-I locally in bone in adult/old mice affects the bone phenotype. Adult tamoxifen-inducible inactivation of IGF-I using a CAGG-CreER mouse model (inducible IGF-IKO mice) substantially reduced IGF-I expression in bone (-55%) but not in liver. Serum IGF-I and body weight were unchanged. We used this inducible mouse model to assess the effect of local IGF-I on the skeleton in adult male mice, avoiding confounding developmental effects. After tamoxifen-induced inactivation of the IGF-I gene at 9 months of age, the skeletal phenotype was determined at 14 months of age. Computed tomography analyses of tibia revealed that the mid-diaphyseal cortical periosteal and endosteal circumferences and calculated bone strength parameters were decreased in inducible IGF-IKO mice compared with controls. Furthermore, 3-point bending showed reduced tibia cortical bone stiffness in inducible IGF-IKO mice. In contrast, the tibia and vertebral trabecular bone volume fraction was unchanged. In conclusion, inactivation of IGF-I in cortical bone with unchanged liver-derived IGF-I in older male mice resulted in reduced radial growth of cortical bone. This suggests that not only circulating IGF-I but also locally derived IGF-I regulates the cortical bone phenotype in older mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johan Svensson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Klara Sjögren
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lina Lawenius
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Antti Koskela
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Karin H Nilsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sofia Movérare-Skrtic
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kylmäoja E, Abushahba F, Holopainen J, Ritala M, Tuukkanen J. Monocyte Differentiation on Atomic Layer-Deposited (ALD) Hydroxyapatite Coating on Titanium Substrate. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083611. [PMID: 37110845 PMCID: PMC10143381 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HA; Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) coating of bone implants has many beneficial properties as it improves osseointegration and eventually becomes degraded and replaced with new bone. We prepared HA coating on a titanium substrate with atomic layer deposition (ALD) and compared monocyte differentiation and material resorption between ALD-HA and bone. After stimulation with macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), human peripheral blood monocytes differentiated into resorbing osteoclasts on bovine bone, but non-resorbing foreign body cells were observed on ALD-HA. The analysis of the topography of ALD-HA and bone showed no differences in wettability (water contact angle on ALD-HA 86.2° vs. 86.7° on the bone), but the surface roughness of ALD-HA (Ra 0.713 µm) was significantly lower compared to bone (Ra 2.30 µm). The cellular reaction observed on ALD-HA might be a consequence of the topographical properties of the coating. The absence of resorptive osteoclasts on ALD-HA might indicate inhibition of their differentiation or the need to modify the coating to induce osteoclast differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elina Kylmäoja
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Faleh Abushahba
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Stomatognathic Physiology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Jani Holopainen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikko Ritala
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Movérare-Skrtic S, Voelkl J, Nilsson KH, Nethander M, Luong TTD, Alesutan I, Li L, Wu J, Horkeby K, Lagerquist MK, Koskela A, Tuukkanen J, Tobias JH, Lerner UH, Henning P, Ohlsson C. B4GALNT3 regulates glycosylation of sclerostin and bone mass. EBioMedicine 2023; 91:104546. [PMID: 37023531 PMCID: PMC10102813 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Global sclerostin inhibition reduces fracture risk efficiently but has been associated with cardiovascular side effects. The strongest genetic signal for circulating sclerostin is in the B4GALNT3 gene region, but the causal gene is unknown. B4GALNT3 expresses the enzyme beta-1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 3 that transfers N-acetylgalactosamine onto N-acetylglucosaminebeta-benzyl on protein epitopes (LDN-glycosylation). METHODS To determine if B4GALNT3 is the causal gene, B4galnt3-/- mice were developed and serum levels of total sclerostin and LDN-glycosylated sclerostin were analysed and mechanistic studies were performed in osteoblast-like cells. Mendelian randomization was used to determine causal associations. FINDINGS B4galnt3-/- mice had higher circulating sclerostin levels, establishing B4GALNT3 as a causal gene for circulating sclerostin levels, and lower bone mass. However, serum levels of LDN-glycosylated sclerostin were lower in B4galnt3-/- mice. B4galnt3 and Sost were co-expressed in osteoblast-lineage cells. Overexpression of B4GALNT3 increased while silencing of B4GALNT3 decreased the levels of LDN-glycosylated sclerostin in osteoblast-like cells. Mendelian randomization demonstrated that higher circulating sclerostin levels, genetically predicted by variants in the B4GALNT3 gene, were causally associated with lower BMD and higher risk of fractures but not with higher risk of myocardial infarction or stroke. Glucocorticoid treatment reduced B4galnt3 expression in bone and increased circulating sclerostin levels and this may contribute to the observed glucocorticoid-induced bone loss. INTERPRETATION B4GALNT3 is a key factor for bone physiology via regulation of LDN-glycosylation of sclerostin. We propose that B4GALNT3-mediated LDN-glycosylation of sclerostin may be a bone-specific osteoporosis target, separating the anti-fracture effect of global sclerostin inhibition, from indicated cardiovascular side effects. FUNDING Found in acknowledgements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Movérare-Skrtic
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Jakob Voelkl
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria; Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karin H Nilsson
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maria Nethander
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Bioinformatics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Trang Thi Doan Luong
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Ioana Alesutan
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Lei Li
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jianyao Wu
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin Horkeby
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marie K Lagerquist
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Antti Koskela
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jon H Tobias
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translational Health Sciences, and Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Ulf H Lerner
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Petra Henning
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Region Västra Götaland, Department of Drug Treatment, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Vuoti E, Palosaari S, Peräniemi S, Tervahauta A, Kokki H, Kokki M, Tuukkanen J, Lehenkari P. In utero deposition of trace elements and metals in tissues. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 73:127042. [PMID: 35905605 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.127042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION All animals, including humans, are exposed to heavy metals which are known to accumulate in different tissues, especially in bone. During pregnancy, the maternal bone turnover is increased and the metals in the mother's body can be mobilized into the bloodstream. Heavy metals in maternal blood are known to pass through the placenta to the fetal blood and finally, deposited to bone tissue. However, there are no studies on the concentration of metals in the fetal solid tissues and until now, the rate of metal transfer from mother to fetus is not exactly known. MATERIALS AND METHODS Samples of the blood, liver, placenta, and three different bones were collected from 17 pregnant ewes and their 27 fetuses. The animals had no known exposure to heavy metals. The concentrations of Al, As, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Rb, Sb, Sn, Sr, Te, Ti, Tl, V, and Zn were analyzed using ICP-MS. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The concentration of Sb, Sn, Te, and Tl were under the detection limit in all the samples. The other metals were found in all maternal and fetal tissues, suggesting that all detectable metals cross the placenta. Blood concentrations were low compared to solid tissue concentrations. The concentrations of essential elements varied between maternal and fetal tissues, which could be explained by biological differences. The differences in concentrations of non-essential elements between the ewe and fetuses were smaller. The most significant differences were between maternal and fetal concentrations of Ba and Sr, which is at least partly explained by the mineralization degree of the bone. CONCLUSION Heavy metals accumulate in fetal solid tissues in sheep that are not directly exposed to heavy metals. Because of the differences in anatomy between human and sheep placenta, the accumulation in the tissue of human fetuses should be extrapolated cautiously. However, there might be some clinical relevance for fertile aged women who are exposed to heavy metals, such as women who work in the metal industry or who have undergone joint replacement surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ella Vuoti
- Medical Faculty, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, FI-90014, Finland.
| | - Sanna Palosaari
- Medical Faculty, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, FI-90014, Finland; Medical Research Center, Oulu University and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sirpa Peräniemi
- University of Eastern Finland, School of Pharmacy, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Arja Tervahauta
- University of Eastern Finland, School of Pharmacy, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70210 Kuopio, Finland; University of Eastern Finland, Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hannu Kokki
- University of Eastern Finland, School of Medicine, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Merja Kokki
- Kuopio University Hospital, Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, P.O. Box 100, FI-70029, Finland
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Medical Faculty, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, FI-90014, Finland
| | - Petri Lehenkari
- Medical Faculty, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, FI-90014, Finland; Medical Research Center, Oulu University and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland; Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kylmäoja E, Holopainen J, Abushahba F, Ritala M, Tuukkanen J. Osteoblast Attachment on Titanium Coated with Hydroxyapatite by Atomic Layer Deposition. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12050654. [PMID: 35625580 PMCID: PMC9138598 DOI: 10.3390/biom12050654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The increasing demand for bone implants with improved osseointegration properties has prompted researchers to develop various coating types for metal implants. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is a method for producing nanoscale coatings conformally on complex three-dimensional surfaces. We have prepared hydroxyapatite (HA) coating on titanium (Ti) substrate with the ALD method and analyzed the biocompatibility of this coating in terms of cell adhesion and viability. Methods: HA coatings were prepared on Ti substrates by depositing CaCO3 films by ALD and converting them to HA by wet treatment in dilute phosphate solution. MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts were cultured on ALD-HA, glass slides and bovine bone slices. ALD-HA and glass slides were either coated or non-coated with fibronectin. After 48h culture, cells were imaged with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and analyzed by vinculin antibody staining for focal adhesion localization. An 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) test was performed to study cell viability. Results: Vinculin staining revealed similar focal adhesion-like structures on ALD-HA as on glass slides and bone, albeit on ALD-HA and bone the structures were thinner compared to glass slides. This might be due to thin and broad focal adhesions on complex three-dimensional surfaces of ALD-HA and bone. The MTT test showed comparable cell viability on ALD-HA, glass slides and bone. Conclusion: ALD-HA coating was shown to be biocompatible in regard to cell adhesion and viability. This leads to new opportunities in developing improved implant coatings for better osseointegration and implant survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elina Kylmäoja
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Jani Holopainen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (J.H.); (M.R.)
| | - Faleh Abushahba
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Stomatognathic Physiology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland;
| | - Mikko Ritala
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (J.H.); (M.R.)
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland;
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Nilsson KH, Wu J, Gustafsson KL, El Shahawy M, Koskela A, Tuukkanen J, Tuckermann J, Henning P, Lerner UH, Ohlsson C, Movérare-Skrtic S. Estradiol and RSPO3 regulate vertebral trabecular bone mass independent of each other. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2022; 322:E211-E218. [PMID: 35068191 PMCID: PMC8896994 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00383.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is an age-dependent serious skeletal disease that leads to great suffering for the patient and high social costs, especially as the global population reaches higher age. Decreasing estrogen levels after menopause result in a substantial bone loss and increased fracture risk, whereas estrogen treatment improves bone mass in women. RSPO3, a secreted protein that modulates WNT signaling, increases trabecular bone mass and strength in the vertebrae of mice, and is associated with trabecular density and risk of distal forearm fractures in humans. The aim of the present study was to determine if RSPO3 is involved in the bone-sparing effect of estrogens. We first observed that estradiol (E2) treatment increases RSPO3 expression in bone of ovariectomized (OVX) mice, supporting a possible role of RSPO3 in the bone-sparing effect of estrogens. As RSPO3 is mainly expressed by osteoblasts in the bone, we used a mouse model devoid of osteoblast-derived RSPO3 (Runx2-creRspo3flox/flox mice) to determine if RSPO3 is required for the bone-sparing effect of E2 in OVX mice. We confirmed that osteoblast-specific RSPO3 inactivation results in a substantial reduction in trabecular bone mass and strength in the vertebrae. However, E2 increased vertebral trabecular bone mass and strength similarly in mice devoid of osteoblast-derived RSPO3 and control mice. Unexpectedly, osteoblast-derived RSPO3 was needed for the full estrogenic response on cortical bone thickness. In conclusion, although osteoblast-derived RSPO3 is a crucial regulator of vertebral trabecular bone, it is required for a full estrogenic effect on cortical, but not trabecular, bone in OVX mice. Thus, estradiol and RSPO3 regulate vertebral trabecular bone mass independent of each other.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Osteoblast-derived RSPO3 is known to be a crucial regulator of vertebral trabecular bone. Our new findings show that RSPO3 and estrogen regulate trabecular bone independent of each other, but that RSPO3 is necessary for a complete estrogenic effect on cortical bone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karin H Nilsson
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jianyao Wu
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin L Gustafsson
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maha El Shahawy
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Antti Koskela
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jan Tuckermann
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Petra Henning
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ulf H Lerner
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Department of Drug Treatment, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sofia Movérare-Skrtic
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Nilsson KH, Henning P, El Shahawy M, Nethander M, Andersen TL, Ejersted C, Wu J, Gustafsson KL, Koskela A, Tuukkanen J, Souza PPC, Tuckermann J, Lorentzon M, Ruud LE, Lehtimäki T, Tobias JH, Zhou S, Lerner UH, Richards JB, Movérare-Skrtic S, Ohlsson C. RSPO3 is important for trabecular bone and fracture risk in mice and humans. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4923. [PMID: 34389713 PMCID: PMC8363747 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25124-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
With increasing age of the population, countries across the globe are facing a substantial increase in osteoporotic fractures. Genetic association signals for fractures have been reported at the RSPO3 locus, but the causal gene and the underlying mechanism are unknown. Here we show that the fracture reducing allele at the RSPO3 locus associate with increased RSPO3 expression both at the mRNA and protein levels, increased trabecular bone mineral density and reduced risk mainly of distal forearm fractures in humans. We also demonstrate that RSPO3 is expressed in osteoprogenitor cells and osteoblasts and that osteoblast-derived RSPO3 is the principal source of RSPO3 in bone and an important regulator of vertebral trabecular bone mass and bone strength in adult mice. Mechanistic studies revealed that RSPO3 in a cell-autonomous manner increases osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. In conclusion, RSPO3 regulates vertebral trabecular bone mass and bone strength in mice and fracture risk in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karin H Nilsson
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Petra Henning
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maha El Shahawy
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Biology, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Maria Nethander
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Thomas Levin Andersen
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Ejersted
- Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jianyao Wu
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin L Gustafsson
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Antti Koskela
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Pedro P C Souza
- Innovation in Biomaterials Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiâna, Brazil
| | - Jan Tuckermann
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Mattias Lorentzon
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Linda Engström Ruud
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jon H Tobias
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translational Health Sciences, and Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Sirui Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Ulf H Lerner
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J Brent Richards
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sofia Movérare-Skrtic
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Region Västra Götaland, Department of Drug Treatment, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Alarcón S, Esteban J, Roos R, Heikkinen P, Sánchez-Pérez I, Adamsson A, Toppari J, Koskela A, Finnilä MAJ, Tuukkanen J, Herlin M, Hamscher G, Leslie HA, Korkalainen M, Halldin K, Schrenk D, Håkansson H, Viluksela M. Endocrine, metabolic and apical effects of in utero and lactational exposure to non-dioxin-like 2,2',3,4,4',5,5'-heptachlorobiphenyl (PCB 180): A postnatal follow-up study in rats. Reprod Toxicol 2021; 102:109-127. [PMID: 33992733 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2021.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PCB 180 is a persistent and abundant non-dioxin-like PCB (NDL-PCB). We determined the developmental toxicity profile of ultrapure PCB 180 in developing offspring following in utero and lactational exposure with the focus on endocrine, metabolic and retinoid system alterations. Pregnant rats were given total doses of 0, 10, 30, 100, 300 or 1000 mg PCB 180/kg bw on gestational days 7-10 by oral gavage, and the offspring were sampled on postnatal days (PND) 7, 35 and 84. Decreased serum testosterone and triiodothyronine concentrations on PND 84, altered liver retinoid levels, increased liver weights and induced 7-pentoxyresorufin O-dealkylase (PROD) activity were the sensitive effects used for margin of exposure (MoE) calculations. Liver weights were increased together with induction of the metabolizing enzymes cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2B1, CYP3A1, and CYP1A1. Less sensitive effects included decreased serum estradiol and increased luteinizing hormone levels in females, decreased prostate and seminal vesicle weight and increased pituitary weight in males, increased cortical bone area and thickness of tibial diaphysis in females and decreased cortical bone mineral density in males. Developmental toxicity profiles were partly different in male and female offspring, males being more sensitive to increased liver weight, PROD induction and decreased thyroxine concentrations. MoE assessment indicated that the 95th percentile of current maternal PCB 180 concentrations do not exceed the estimated tolerable human lipid-based PCB 180 concentration. Although PCB 180 is much less potent than dioxin-like compounds, it shares several toxicological targets suggesting a potential for interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Alarcón
- Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche (Alicante), Spain; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Javier Esteban
- Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche (Alicante), Spain.
| | - Robert Roos
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Päivi Heikkinen
- Environmental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), P.O. Box 95, Kuopio, FI-70701, Finland
| | - Ismael Sánchez-Pérez
- Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche (Alicante), Spain
| | - Annika Adamsson
- Research Center for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology and Centre for Population Health Research, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Department of Paediatrics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, FI-20520, Finland
| | - Jorma Toppari
- Research Center for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology and Centre for Population Health Research, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Department of Paediatrics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, FI-20520, Finland
| | - Antti Koskela
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mikko A J Finnilä
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Maria Herlin
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gerd Hamscher
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, D-35392, Germany
| | - Heather A Leslie
- Department of Environment and Health, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, Amsterdam, NL-1081 HZ, The Netherlands
| | - Merja Korkalainen
- Environmental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), P.O. Box 95, Kuopio, FI-70701, Finland
| | - Krister Halldin
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dieter Schrenk
- Food Chemistry and Toxicology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, D-67663, Germany
| | - Helen Håkansson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Matti Viluksela
- School of Pharmacy (Toxicology), Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Nilsson KH, Henning P, El Shahawy M, Wu J, Koskela A, Tuukkanen J, Perret C, Lerner UH, Ohlsson C, Movérare-Skrtic S. Osteocyte- and late osteoblast-derived NOTUM reduces cortical bone mass in mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2021; 320:E967-E975. [PMID: 33749332 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00565.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common skeletal disease, with increased risk of fractures. Currently available osteoporosis treatments reduce the risk of vertebral fractures, mainly dependent on trabecular bone, whereas the effect on nonvertebral fractures, mainly dependent on cortical bone, is less pronounced. WNT signaling is a crucial regulator of bone homeostasis, and the activity of WNTs is inhibited by NOTUM, a secreted WNT lipase. We previously demonstrated that conditional inactivation of NOTUM in all osteoblast lineage cells increases the cortical but not the trabecular bone mass. The aim of the present study was to determine if NOTUM increasing cortical bone is derived from osteoblast precursors/early osteoblasts or from osteocytes/late osteoblasts. First, we demonstrated Notum mRNA expression in Dmp1-expressing osteocytes and late osteoblasts in cortical bone using in situ hybridization. We then developed a mouse model with inactivation of NOTUM in Dmp1-expressing osteocytes and late osteoblasts (Dmp1-creNotumflox/flox mice). We observed that the Dmp1-creNotumflox/flox mice displayed a substantial reduction of Notum mRNA in cortical bone, resulting in increased cortical bone mass and decreased cortical porosity in femur but no change in trabecular bone volume fraction in femur or in the lumbar vertebrae L5 in Dmp1-creNotumflox/flox mice as compared with control mice. In conclusion, osteocytes and late osteoblasts are the principal source of NOTUM in cortical bone, and NOTUM derived from osteocytes/late osteoblasts reduces cortical bone mass. These findings demonstrate that inhibition of osteocyte/late osteoblast-derived NOTUM might be an interesting pharmacological target to increase cortical bone mass and reduce nonvertebral fracture risk.NEW & NOTEWORTHY NOTUM produced by osteoblasts is known to regulate cortical bone mass. Our new findings show that NOTUM specifically derived by DMP1-expressing osteocytes and late osteoblasts regulates cortical bone mass and not trabecular bone mass.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karin H Nilsson
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Petra Henning
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maha El Shahawy
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Oral Biology, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Jianyao Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Antti Koskela
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Christine Perret
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Ulf H Lerner
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sofia Movérare-Skrtic
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abushahba F, Tuukkanen J, Aalto‐Setälä L, Miinalainen I, Hupa L, Närhi TO. Effect of bioactive glass air‐abrasion on the wettability and osteoblast proliferation on sandblasted and acid‐etched titanium surfaces. Eur J Oral Sci 2020; 128:160-169. [DOI: 10.1111/eos.12683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Faleh Abushahba
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Stomatognathic Physiology Institute of Dentistry University of Turku Turku Finland
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Research Unit for Cancer and Translational Medicine University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Laura Aalto‐Setälä
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre Åbo Akademi University Turku Finland
| | | | - Leena Hupa
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre Åbo Akademi University Turku Finland
| | - Timo O. Närhi
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Stomatognathic Physiology Institute of Dentistry University of Turku Turku Finland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Junno JA, Oura P, Niskanen M, Väre T, Ruotsalainen M, Pietikäinen R, Niinimäki J, Nurminen N, Karppinen J, Auvinen J, Eriksson T, Tuukkanen J. Improving anatomical stature estimation method. The relationship between living stature and intervertebral disc thickness. Homo 2020; 71:37-42. [PMID: 31939993 DOI: 10.1127/homo/2020/1034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Anatomical stature estimation methods reconstruct stature for skeletal specimens by adding up the heights of skeletal elements contributing to stature. In addition, these estimations factor in a certain amount of soft tissue known as "soft tissue correction". Our study focuses on the relationship between living stature and one of the major soft tissue contributors to stature: the intervertebral disc thickness/height. The purpose of this study was to clarify whether intervertebral disc thickness is greater in tall individuals and whether there is a linear correlation between stature and intervertebral disc height. To conduct this study, we utilized a subsample of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort of 1966 (n = 12,058) with known stature. We measured vertebral heights and intervertebral disc heights from low back MRI examination performed at the age of 46 years (n = 200). All subjects were considered healthy with no spinal injuries or pathologies. Our results clearly indicate that stature and intervertebral disc height have positive, statistically significant association. According to our results it is advisable to take into account the individual's skeletal height when soft tissue corrections for anatomical stature estimations are performed. Further studies utilizing full body MRI are needed to produce more accurate soft tissue corrections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juho-Antti Junno
- Archaeology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 1000, 90014 University of Oulu, Finland.,Archaeology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 1000, 90014 University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Petteri Oura
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Markku Niskanen
- Archaeology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 1000, 90014 University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Tiina Väre
- Archaeology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 1000, 90014 University of Oulu, Finland.,Archaeology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 1000, 90014 University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Marita Ruotsalainen
- Archaeology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 1000, 90014 University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Riikka Pietikäinen
- Archaeology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 1000, 90014 University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Jaakko Niinimäki
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Nora Nurminen
- Archaeology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 1000, 90014 University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Jaro Karppinen
- Archaeology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 1000, 90014 University of Oulu, Finland Center for Life Course Epidemiology and Systems Medicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland Research Unit of Biomedicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Health and Work Ability, Oulu, Finland Division of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Juha Auvinen
- Center for Life Course Epidemiology and Systems Medicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Health and Work Ability, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tuusa Eriksson
- Division of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Keisu A, Oura P, Niskanen M, Ruff CB, Niinimäki J, Arvola T, Auvinen J, Tuukkanen J, Lehenkari P, Junno J. The association between knee breadth and body mass: The Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 case study. Am J Phys Anthropol 2019; 170:196-206. [DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.23905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Asla Keisu
- Faculty of Medicine, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research UnitUniversity of Oulu Oulu Finland
- Medical Research Center OuluOulu University Hospital and University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Petteri Oura
- Medical Research Center OuluOulu University Hospital and University of Oulu Oulu Finland
- Faculty of Medicine, Center for Life Course Health ResearchUniversity of Oulu Oulu Finland
- Faculty of Medicine, Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and TechnologyUniversity of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Markku Niskanen
- Faculty of HumanitiesDepartment of Archaeology, University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Christopher B. Ruff
- Center for Functional Anatomy and EvolutionJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland USA
| | - Jaakko Niinimäki
- Medical Research Center OuluOulu University Hospital and University of Oulu Oulu Finland
- Faculty of Medicine, Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and TechnologyUniversity of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Timo Arvola
- Medical Research Center OuluOulu University Hospital and University of Oulu Oulu Finland
- Faculty of Medicine, Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and TechnologyUniversity of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Juha Auvinen
- Medical Research Center OuluOulu University Hospital and University of Oulu Oulu Finland
- Faculty of Medicine, Center for Life Course Health ResearchUniversity of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Faculty of Medicine, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research UnitUniversity of Oulu Oulu Finland
- Medical Research Center OuluOulu University Hospital and University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Petri Lehenkari
- Faculty of Medicine, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research UnitUniversity of Oulu Oulu Finland
- Medical Research Center OuluOulu University Hospital and University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Juho‐Antti Junno
- Faculty of Medicine, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research UnitUniversity of Oulu Oulu Finland
- Faculty of HumanitiesDepartment of Archaeology, University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Movérare-Skrtic S, Nilsson KH, Henning P, Funck-Brentano T, Nethander M, Rivadeneira F, Coletto Nunes G, Koskela A, Tuukkanen J, Tuckermann J, Perret C, Souza PPC, Lerner UH, Ohlsson C. Osteoblast-derived NOTUM reduces cortical bone mass in mice and the NOTUM locus is associated with bone mineral density in humans. FASEB J 2019; 33:11163-11179. [PMID: 31307226 PMCID: PMC6766646 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201900707r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common skeletal disease, affecting millions of individuals worldwide. Currently used osteoporosis treatments substantially reduce vertebral fracture risk, whereas nonvertebral fracture risk, mainly caused by reduced cortical bone mass, has only moderately been improved by the osteoporosis drugs used, defining an unmet medical need. Because several wingless-type MMTV integration site family members (WNTs) and modulators of WNT activity are major regulators of bone mass, we hypothesized that NOTUM, a secreted WNT lipase, might modulate bone mass via an inhibition of WNT activity. To characterize the possible role of endogenous NOTUM as a physiologic modulator of bone mass, we developed global, cell-specific, and inducible Notum-inactivated mouse models. Notum expression was high in the cortical bone in mice, and conditional Notum inactivation revealed that osteoblast lineage cells are the principal source of NOTUM in the cortical bone. Osteoblast lineage-specific Notum inactivation increased cortical bone thickness via an increased periosteal circumference. Inducible Notum inactivation in adult mice increased cortical bone thickness as a result of increased periosteal bone formation, and silencing of Notum expression in cultured osteoblasts enhanced osteoblast differentiation. Large-scale human genetic analyses identified genetic variants mapping to the NOTUM locus that are strongly associated with bone mineral density (BMD) as estimated with quantitative ultrasound in the heel. Thus, osteoblast-derived NOTUM is an essential local physiologic regulator of cortical bone mass via effects on periosteal bone formation in adult mice, and genetic variants in the NOTUM locus are associated with BMD variation in adult humans. Therapies targeting osteoblast-derived NOTUM may prevent nonvertebral fractures.-Movérare-Skrtic, S., Nilsson, K. H., Henning, P., Funck-Brentano, T., Nethander, M., Rivadeneira, F., Coletto Nunes, G., Koskela, A., Tuukkanen, J., Tuckermann, J., Perret, C., Souza, P. P. C., Lerner, U. H., Ohlsson, C. Osteoblast-derived NOTUM reduces cortical bone mass in mice and the NOTUM locus is associated with bone mineral density in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Movérare-Skrtic
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin H Nilsson
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Petra Henning
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Thomas Funck-Brentano
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maria Nethander
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Glaucia Coletto Nunes
- Bone Biology Research Group, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Antti Koskela
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jan Tuckermann
- Institute of General Zoology and Endocrinology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christine Perret
- INSERM, Unité 1016, Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Pedro Paulo Chaves Souza
- Bone Biology Research Group, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil.,School of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Ulf H Lerner
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Luukkonen J, Hilli M, Nakamura M, Ritamo I, Valmu L, Kauppinen K, Tuukkanen J, Lehenkari P. Osteoclasts secrete osteopontin into resorption lacunae during bone resorption. Histochem Cell Biol 2019; 151:475-487. [PMID: 30637455 PMCID: PMC6542781 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-019-01770-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN) is a non-collagenous extracellular sialylated glycoprotein located in bone. It is believed to be one of the key components in osteoclast attachment to bone during resorption. In this study, we characterized OPN and other glycoproteins found in the resorption lacunae to confirm the role of osteoclasts in OPN secretion using electron microscopy and mass spectrometry. Additionally, we examined the glycan epitopes of resorption pits and the effects of different glycan epitopes on the differentiation and function of osteoclasts. Osteoarthritic femoral heads were examined by immunohistochemistry to reveal the presence of OPN in areas of increased bone metabolism in vivo. Our results demonstrate that human osteoclasts secrete OPN into resorption lacunae on native human bone and on carbonated hydroxyapatite devoid of natural OPN. OPN is associated with an elevated bone turnover in osteoarthritic bone under experimental conditions. Our data further confirm that osteoclasts secrete OPN into the resorption pit where it may function as a chemokine for subsequent bone formation. We show that α2,3- and α2,6-linked sialic acids have a role in the process of osteoclast differentiation. OPN is one of the proteins that has both of the above sialic residues, hence we propose that de-sialylation can effect osteoclast differentiation in bone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jani Luukkonen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Cancer Research and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, Aapistie 5, 90014, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Meeri Hilli
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Cancer Research and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, Aapistie 5, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Miho Nakamura
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Cancer Research and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, Aapistie 5, 90014, Oulu, Finland.,Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo, 1010062, Japan
| | - Ilja Ritamo
- Thermo Fisher Scientific Oy, Ratastie 2, 01620, Vantaa, Finland
| | - Leena Valmu
- Thermo Fisher Scientific Oy, Ratastie 2, 01620, Vantaa, Finland
| | - Kyösti Kauppinen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Cancer Research and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, Aapistie 5, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Cancer Research and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, Aapistie 5, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Petri Lehenkari
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Cancer Research and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, Aapistie 5, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wu J, Movérare-Skrtic S, Zhang FP, Koskela A, Tuukkanen J, Palvimo JJ, Sipilä P, Poutanen M, Ohlsson C. Androgen receptor SUMOylation regulates bone mass in male mice. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 479:117-122. [PMID: 30261210 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The crucial effects of androgens on the male skeleton are at least partly mediated via the androgen receptor (AR). In addition to hormone binding, the AR activity is regulated by post-translational modifications, including SUMOylation. SUMOylation is a reversible modification in which Small Ubiquitin-related MOdifier proteins (SUMOs) are attached to the AR and thereby regulate the activity of the AR and change its interactions with other proteins. To elucidate the importance of SUMOylation of AR for male bone metabolism, we used a mouse model devoid of the two AR SUMOylation sites (ARSUM-; K381R and K500R are substituted). Six-month-old male ARSUM- mice displayed significantly reduced trabecular bone volume fraction in the distal metaphyseal region of femur compared with wild type (WT) mice (BV/TV, -19.1 ± 4.9%, P < 0.05). The number of osteoblasts per bone perimeter was substantially reduced (-60.5 ± 7.2%, P < 0.001) while no significant effect was observed on the number of osteoclasts in the trabecular bone of male ARSUM- mice. Dynamic histomorphometric analysis of trabecular bone revealed a reduced bone formation rate (-32.6 ± 7.4%, P < 0.05) as a result of reduced mineralizing surface per bone surface in ARSUM- mice compared with WT mice (-24.3 ± 3.6%, P < 0.001). Furthermore, cortical bone thickness in the diaphyseal region of femur was reduced in male ARSUM- mice compared with WT mice (-7.3 ± 2.0%, P < 0.05). In conclusion, mice devoid of AR SUMOylation have reduced trabecular bone mass as a result of reduced bone formation. We propose that therapies enhancing AR SUMOylation might result in bone-specific anabolic effects with minimal adverse effects in other tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianyao Wu
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sofia Movérare-Skrtic
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Fu-Ping Zhang
- Institute of Biomedicine and Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Antti Koskela
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jorma J Palvimo
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Petra Sipilä
- Institute of Biomedicine and Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Matti Poutanen
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Institute of Biomedicine and Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wu J, Henning P, Sjögren K, Koskela A, Tuukkanen J, Movérare-Skrtic S, Ohlsson C. The androgen receptor is required for maintenance of bone mass in adult male mice. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 479:159-169. [PMID: 30308267 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies evaluating the role of the androgen receptor (AR) for bone mass have used mouse models with global or tissue-specific lifelong inactivation of the AR. However, these mouse models have the AR inactivated already early in life and the relative roles of the AR during development, sexual maturation and in adult mice cannot be evaluated separately. The aim of the present study was to determine the specific roles of the AR in bone during sexual maturation and in adult mice. The AR was conditionally ablated at four (pre-pubertal) or ten (post-pubertal) weeks of age in male mice using tamoxifen-inducible Cre-mediated recombination. Both the pre-pubertal and the post-pubertal AR inactivation were efficient demonstrated by substantially lower AR mRNA levels in seminal vesicle, bone and white adipose tissue as well as markedly reduced weights of reproductive tissues when comparing inducible ARKO mice and control mice at 14 weeks of age. Total body BMD, as analyzed by DXA, as well as tibia diaphyseal cortical bone thickness and proximal metaphyseal trabecular bone volume fraction, as analyzed by μCT, were significantly reduced by both pre-pubertal and post-pubertal AR inactivation. These bone effects were associated with an increased bone turnover, indicating a high bone turnover osteoporosis. Pre-pubertal but not post-pubertal AR inactivation resulted in substantially increased fat mass. In conclusion, the AR is required for maintenance of both trabecular and cortical bone in adult male mice while AR expression during puberty is crucial for normal fat mass homeostasis in adult male mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianyao Wu
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Petra Henning
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Klara Sjögren
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Antti Koskela
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sofia Movérare-Skrtic
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Farman HH, Gustafsson KL, Henning P, Grahnemo L, Lionikaite V, Movérare-Skrtic S, Wu J, Ryberg H, Koskela A, Tuukkanen J, Levin ER, Ohlsson C, Lagerquist MK. Membrane estrogen receptor α is essential for estrogen signaling in the male skeleton. J Endocrinol 2018; 239:303-312. [PMID: 30400010 DOI: 10.1530/joe-18-0406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The importance of estrogen receptor α (ERα) for the regulation of bone mass in males is well established. ERα mediates estrogenic effects both via nuclear and membrane-initiated ERα (mERα) signaling. The role of mERα signaling for the effects of estrogen on bone in male mice is unknown. To investigate the role of mERα signaling, we have used mice (Nuclear-Only-ER; NOER) with a point mutation (C451A), which results in inhibited trafficking of ERα to the plasma membrane. Gonadal-intact male NOER mice had a significantly decreased total body areal bone mineral density (aBMD) compared to WT littermates at 3, 6 and 9 months of age as measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). High-resolution microcomputed tomography (µCT) analysis of tibia in 3-month-old males demonstrated a decrease in cortical and trabecular thickness in NOER mice compared to WT littermates. As expected, estradiol (E2) treatment of orchidectomized (ORX) WT mice increased total body aBMD, trabecular BV/TV and cortical thickness in tibia compared to placebo treatment. E2 treatment increased these skeletal parameters also in ORX NOER mice. However, the estrogenic responses were significantly decreased in ORX NOER mice compared with ORX WT mice. In conclusion, mERα is essential for normal estrogen signaling in both trabecular and cortical bone in male mice. Increased knowledge of estrogen signaling mechanisms in the regulation of the male skeleton may aid in the development of new treatment options for male osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H H Farman
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - K L Gustafsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - P Henning
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - L Grahnemo
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - V Lionikaite
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - S Movérare-Skrtic
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J Wu
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - H Ryberg
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - A Koskela
- Unit of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, MRC Oulu and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - J Tuukkanen
- Unit of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, MRC Oulu and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - E R Levin
- Division of Endocrinology, Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
- The Long Beach VA Medical Center, Long Beach, California, USA
| | - C Ohlsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - M K Lagerquist
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Grahnemo L, Gustafsson KL, Sjögren K, Henning P, Lionikaite V, Koskela A, Tuukkanen J, Ohlsson C, Wernstedt Asterholm I, Lagerquist MK. Increased bone mass in a mouse model with low fat mass. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2018; 315:E1274-E1285. [PMID: 30253110 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00257.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mice with impaired acute inflammatory responses within adipose tissue display reduced diet-induced fat mass gain associated with glucose intolerance and systemic inflammation. Therefore, acute adipose tissue inflammation is needed for a healthy expansion of adipose tissue. Because inflammatory disorders are associated with bone loss, we hypothesized that impaired acute adipose tissue inflammation leading to increased systemic inflammation results in a lower bone mass. To test this hypothesis, we used mice overexpressing an adenoviral protein complex, the receptor internalization and degradation (RID) complex that inhibits proinflammatory signaling, under the control of the aP2 promotor (RID tg mice), resulting in suppressed inflammatory signaling in adipocytes. As expected, RID tg mice had lower high-fat diet-induced weight and fat mass gain and higher systemic inflammation than littermate wild-type control mice. Contrary to our hypothesis, RID tg mice had increased bone mass in long bones and vertebrae, affecting trabecular and cortical parameters, as well as improved humeral biomechanical properties. We did not find any differences in bone formation or resorption parameters as determined by histology or enzyme immunoassay. However, bone marrow adiposity, often negatively associated with bone mass, was decreased in male RID tg mice as determined by histological analysis of tibia. In conclusion, mice with reduced fat mass due to impaired adipose tissue inflammation have increased bone mass.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Grahnemo
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - K L Gustafsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - K Sjögren
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - P Henning
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - V Lionikaite
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - A Koskela
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine and Medical Research Center, University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland
| | - J Tuukkanen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine and Medical Research Center, University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland
| | - C Ohlsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - I Wernstedt Asterholm
- Unit of Metabolic Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - M K Lagerquist
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Lionikaite V, Gustafsson KL, Westerlund A, Windahl SH, Koskela A, Tuukkanen J, Johansson H, Ohlsson C, Conaway HH, Henning P, Lerner UH. Clinically relevant doses of vitamin A decrease cortical bone mass in mice. J Endocrinol 2018; 239:389-402. [PMID: 30388359 PMCID: PMC6215918 DOI: 10.1530/joe-18-0316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Excess vitamin A has been associated with decreased cortical bone thickness and increased fracture risk. While most studies in rodents have employed high dosages of vitamin A for short periods of time, we investigated the bone phenotype in mice after longer exposure to more clinically relevant doses. For 1, 4 and 10 weeks, mice were fed a control diet (4.5 µg retinyl acetate/g chow), a diet modeled from the human upper tolerable limit (UTL; 20 µg retinyl acetate/g chow) and a diet three times UTL (supplemented; 60 µg retinyl acetate/g chow). Time-dependent decreases in periosteal circumference and bone mineral content were noted with the supplemented dose. These reductions in cortical bone resulted in a significant time-dependent decrease of predicted strength and a non-significant trend toward reduced bone strength as analyzed by three-point bending. Trabecular bone in tibiae and vertebrae remained unaffected when vitamin A was increased in the diet. Dynamic histomorphometry demonstrated that bone formation was substantially decreased after 1 week of treatment at the periosteal site with the supplemental dose. Increasing amount of vitamin A decreased endocortical circumference, resulting in decreased marrow area, a response associated with enhanced endocortical bone formation. In the presence of bisphosphonate, vitamin A had no effect on cortical bone, suggesting that osteoclasts are important, even if effects on bone resorption were not detected by osteoclast counting, genes in cortical bone or analysis of serum TRAP5b and CTX. In conclusion, our results indicate that even clinically relevant doses of vitamin A have a negative impact on the amount of cortical bone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vikte Lionikaite
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis ResearchDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute for Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin L Gustafsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis ResearchDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute for Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Westerlund
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis ResearchDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute for Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sara H Windahl
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis ResearchDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute for Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Antti Koskela
- Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologyMedical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologyMedical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Helena Johansson
- Institute for Health and AgingCatholic University of Australia, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis ResearchDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute for Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - H Herschel Conaway
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Petra Henning
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis ResearchDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute for Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Correspondence should be addressed to P Henning or U H Lerner: or
| | - Ulf H Lerner
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis ResearchDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute for Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Correspondence should be addressed to P Henning or U H Lerner: or
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Bergström I, Kerns JG, Törnqvist AE, Perdikouri C, Mathavan N, Koskela A, Henriksson HB, Tuukkanen J, Andersson G, Isaksson H, Goodship AE, Windahl SH. Correction to: Compressive loading of the murine tibia reveals site-specific micro-scale differences in adaptation and maturation rates of bone. Osteoporos Int 2018; 29:2161. [PMID: 29987344 PMCID: PMC6105140 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-018-4496-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
This article was originally published under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license, but has now been made available under a CC BY 4.0 license. The PDF and HTML versions of the paper have been modified accordingly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Bergström
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J G Kerns
- UCL Institute of Orthopedics and Musculoskeletal Science, Royal National Orthopedic Hospital, London, UK
- Lancaster Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YG, UK
| | - A E Törnqvist
- Rheumatology and Bone Diseases Unit, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - C Perdikouri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Orthopedics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - N Mathavan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Orthopedics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - A Koskela
- Institute of Cancer and Translational Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, MRC Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - H B Henriksson
- Department of Orthopedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Orthopedics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J Tuukkanen
- Institute of Cancer and Translational Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, MRC Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - G Andersson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - H Isaksson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Orthopedics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - A E Goodship
- UCL Institute of Orthopedics and Musculoskeletal Science, Royal National Orthopedic Hospital, London, UK
- Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy, School of Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - S H Windahl
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska Institutet F46, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, 141 86, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kylmäoja E, Nakamura M, Turunen S, Patlaka C, Andersson G, Lehenkari P, Tuukkanen J. Peripheral blood monocytes show increased osteoclast differentiation potential compared to bone marrow monocytes. Heliyon 2018; 4:e00780. [PMID: 30225379 PMCID: PMC6138956 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB) derived mononuclear cells are precursors of in vitro osteoclast differentiation. However, few studies have compared the phenotypic and functional properties of osteoclasts generated from these sources and the effects of different growth factors on osteoclastogenesis. Both cell types differentiated into functional osteoclasts, but culturing the cells with or without transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and dexamethasone revealed differences in their osteoclastogenic capacity. When receptor activator for nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) were used for differentiation, we did not observe differences in bone resorption activity or expression of osteoclastogenic genes calcitonin receptor (CR) and nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFATc1) between the osteoclasts formed from the two sources. Addition of TGF-β and dexamethasone led to higher number of nuclei in multinuclear cells and increased expression of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP) 5a and 5b, CR and NFATc1 in PB- derived osteoclasts depicting the higher osteoclastogenic potential and responsiveness to TGF-β and dexamethasone in PB monocytes. These results conclude that the choice of the osteoclast precursor source as well as the choice of osteoclastogenic growth factors are essential matters in determining the phenotypic characteristics of heterogeneous osteoclast populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elina Kylmäoja
- Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014, Finland
| | - Miho Nakamura
- Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014, Finland
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 1010062, Japan
| | - Sanna Turunen
- Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014, Finland
| | - Christina Patlaka
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology F46, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Göran Andersson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology F46, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petri Lehenkari
- Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014, Finland
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Avila I, Pantchev K, Holopainen J, Ritala M, Tuukkanen J. Adhesion and mechanical properties of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite coating obtained by conversion of atomic layer-deposited calcium carbonate on titanium substrate. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2018; 29:111. [PMID: 30019192 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-018-6121-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the mechanical properties of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite coating by tensile adhesion testing and scratch testing. The coating was manufactured on titanium substrate by converting atomic layer-deposited (ALD) calcium carbonate thin film in dilute phosphate solution. The tensile adhesion testing was performed with hydraulic testing device in accordance with ISO 4624 and ISO 16276-1. Scratch testing was done according to SFS-EN 13523-12 with spherical 10 µm scratching tip. Characterization of the samples was done with light and electron microscopy after which they were stained with alizarin red and the failure modes and loadings were analyzed. The highest obtained tensile adhesion value was 6.71 MPa produced with 4000 ALD cycles, converted to hydroxyapatite in alkaline solution, and annealed for 30 min in 700 °C. The annealing improved the adhesion values by approximately 0.8 MPa, but examining the samples with electron microscopy showed intact coating in both annealed and non-annealed samples. Samples produced with 4000 cycles performed better in testing than 2000 cycle samples, and better adhesion was also achieved with alkaline conversion solution compared to neutral solution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inari Avila
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Konstantin Pantchev
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jani Holopainen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikko Ritala
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Bergström I, Isaksson H, Koskela A, Tuukkanen J, Ohlsson C, Andersson G, Windahl SH. Prednisolone treatment reduces the osteogenic effects of loading in mice. Bone 2018; 112:10-18. [PMID: 29635039 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoid treatment, a major cause of drug-induced osteoporosis and fractures, is widely used to treat inflammatory conditions and diseases. By contrast, mechanical loading increases bone mass and decreases fracture risk. With these relationships in mind, we investigated whether mechanical loading interacts with GC treatment in bone. Three-month-old female C57BL/6 mice were treated with high-dose prednisolone (15 mg/60 day pellets/mouse) or vehicle for two weeks. During the treatment, right tibiae were subjected to short periods of cyclic compressive loading three times weekly, while left tibiae were used as physiologically loaded controls. The bones were analyzed using peripheral quantitative computed tomography, histomorphometry, real-time PCR, three-point bending and Fourier transform infrared micro-spectroscopy. Loading alone increased trabecular volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), cortical thickness, cortical area, osteoblast-associated gene expression, osteocyte- and osteoclast number, and bone strength. Prednisolone alone decreased cortical area and thickness and osteoblast-associated gene expression. Importantly, prednisolone treatment decreased the load-induced increase in trabecular vBMD by 57% (p < 0.001) and expression of osteoblast-associated genes, while completely abolishing the load-induced increase in cortical area, cortical thickness, number of osteocytes and osteoclasts, and bone strength. When combined, loading and prednisolone decreased the collagen content. In conclusion, high-dose prednisolone treatment strongly inhibits the loading-induced increase in trabecular BMD, and abolishes the loading-induced increase in cortical bone mass. This phenomenon could be due to prednisolone inhibition of osteoblast differentiation and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Bergström
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Karolinska University Hospital, CLINTECH, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - H Isaksson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - A Koskela
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - J Tuukkanen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - C Ohlsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - G Andersson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - S H Windahl
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, F46, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86 Huddinge, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Funck-Brentano T, Nilsson KH, Brommage R, Henning P, Lerner UH, Koskela A, Tuukkanen J, Cohen-Solal M, Movérare-Skrtic S, Ohlsson C. Porcupine inhibitors impair trabecular and cortical bone mass and strength in mice. J Endocrinol 2018; 238:13-23. [PMID: 29720540 PMCID: PMC5987170 DOI: 10.1530/joe-18-0153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
WNT signaling is involved in the tumorigenesis of various cancers and regulates bone homeostasis. Palmitoleoylation of WNTs by Porcupine is required for WNT activity. Porcupine inhibitors are under development for cancer therapy. As the possible side effects of Porcupine inhibitors on bone health are unknown, we determined their effects on bone mass and strength. Twelve-week-old C57BL/6N female mice were treated by the Porcupine inhibitors LGK974 (low dose = 3 mg/kg/day; high dose = 6 mg/kg/day) or Wnt-C59 (10 mg/kg/day) or vehicle for 3 weeks. Bone parameters were assessed by serum biomarkers, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, µCT and histomorphometry. Bone strength was measured by the 3-point bending test. The Porcupine inhibitors were well tolerated demonstrated by normal body weight. Both doses of LGK974 and Wnt-C59 reduced total body bone mineral density compared with vehicle treatment (P < 0.001). Cortical thickness of the femur shaft (P < 0.001) and trabecular bone volume fraction in the vertebral body (P < 0.001) were reduced by treatment with LGK974 or Wnt-C59. Porcupine inhibition reduced bone strength in the tibia (P < 0.05). The cortical bone loss was the result of impaired periosteal bone formation and increased endocortical bone resorption and the trabecular bone loss was caused by reduced trabecular bone formation and increased bone resorption. Porcupine inhibitors exert deleterious effects on bone mass and strength caused by a combination of reduced bone formation and increased bone resorption. We suggest that cancer targeted therapies using Porcupine inhibitors may increase the risk of fractures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Funck-Brentano
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis ResearchInstitute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin H Nilsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis ResearchInstitute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Robert Brommage
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis ResearchInstitute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Petra Henning
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis ResearchInstitute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ulf H Lerner
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis ResearchInstitute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Antti Koskela
- Unit of Cancer Research and Translational MedicineMRC Oulu and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Unit of Cancer Research and Translational MedicineMRC Oulu and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Martine Cohen-Solal
- BIOSCAR UMRS 1132Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Sofia Movérare-Skrtic
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis ResearchInstitute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis ResearchInstitute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Kylmäoja E, Nakamura M, Kokkonen-Puuperä H, Ronkainen VP, Lehenkari P, Tuukkanen J. Corrigendum to "Gap junctional communication is involved in differentiation of osteoclasts from bone marrow and peripheral blood monocytes". Heliyon 2018; 4:e00630. [PMID: 29873337 PMCID: PMC5986536 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elina Kylmäoja
- Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Research Center, P.O. Box 5000, 90014, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Miho Nakamura
- Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Research Center, P.O. Box 5000, 90014, University of Oulu, Finland.,Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 1010062, Japan
| | - Hanna Kokkonen-Puuperä
- Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Research Center, P.O. Box 5000, 90014, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Veli-Pekka Ronkainen
- Biocenter Oulu, Light Microscopy Core Facility, P.O. Box 5000, 90014, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Petri Lehenkari
- Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Research Center, P.O. Box 5000, 90014, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Research Center, P.O. Box 5000, 90014, University of Oulu, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kylmäoja E, Nakamura M, Kokkonen-Puuperä H, Ronkainen VP, Lehenkari P, Tuukkanen J. Gap junctional communication is involved in differentiation of osteoclasts from bone marrow and peripheral blood monocytes. Heliyon 2018; 4:e00621. [PMID: 29756076 PMCID: PMC5944415 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims The aim of the study was to compare the influence of gap junctional communication (GJC) in osteoclastogenesis from bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB) monocytes. These widely used sources differ in purity, since BM cultures contain a significant number of stromal cells. We studied whether stimulation of GJC in BM monocyte/stromal cell cultures differs from the effect in pure PB monocyte cultures. We compared the differentiation also in acidosis, which is a known inducer of bone resorption. Main methods Human BM and PB monocytes were isolated from BM aspirates or whole blood samples. The cells were cultured on human bone slices with osteoclastogenic growth factors and a GJC modulator, antiarrhythmic peptide AAP10, at physiological and acidic pH. Key findings Both BM and PB monocytes differentiated into osteoclasts. Acidosis increased resorption in both cultures but stimulated cell fusion only in BM cultures, which demonstrates the role of stromal cells in osteoclastogenesis. At physiological pH, AAP10 increased the number of multinuclear cells and bone resorption in both BM and PB cultures indicating that GJC is involved in differentiation in both of these osteoclastogenesis assays. Interestingly, in PB cultures at pH 6.5 the stimulation of GJC with AAP10 inhibited both osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption suggesting a different role of GJC in BM and PB monocytes at stressed environment. Significance The study is conducted with primary human tissue samples and adds new knowledge on factors affecting osteoclastogenesis from different monocyte sources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elina Kylmäoja
- Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Research Center, P.O. Box 5000, 90014, University of Oulu, Finland
- Corresponding author.
| | - Miho Nakamura
- Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Research Center, P.O. Box 5000, 90014, University of Oulu, Finland
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 1010062, Japan
| | - Hanna Kokkonen-Puuperä
- Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Research Center, P.O. Box 5000, 90014, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Veli-Pekka Ronkainen
- Biocenter Oulu, Light Microscopy Core Facility, P.O. Box 5000, 90014, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Petri Lehenkari
- Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Research Center, P.O. Box 5000, 90014, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Research Center, P.O. Box 5000, 90014, University of Oulu, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ohlsson C, Henning P, Nilsson KH, Wu J, Gustafsson KL, Sjögren K, Törnqvist A, Koskela A, Zhang FP, Lagerquist MK, Poutanen M, Tuukkanen J, Lerner UH, Movérare-Skrtic S. Inducible Wnt16 inactivation: WNT16 regulates cortical bone thickness in adult mice. J Endocrinol 2018; 237. [PMID: 29530924 PMCID: PMC5886037 DOI: 10.1530/joe-18-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Substantial progress has been made in the therapeutic reduction of vertebral fracture risk in patients with osteoporosis, but non-vertebral fracture risk has been improved only marginally. Human genetic studies demonstrate that the WNT16 locus is a major determinant of cortical bone thickness and non-vertebral fracture risk and mouse models with life-long Wnt16 inactivation revealed that WNT16 is a key regulator of cortical thickness. These studies, however, could not exclude that the effect of Wnt16 inactivation on cortical thickness might be caused by early developmental and/or growth effects. To determine the effect of WNT16 specifically on adult cortical bone homeostasis, Wnt16 was conditionally ablated in young adult and old mice through tamoxifen-inducible Cre-mediated recombination using CAG-Cre-ER; Wnt16flox/flox (Cre-Wnt16flox/flox) mice. First, 10-week-old Cre-Wnt16flox/flox and Wnt16flox/flox littermate control mice were treated with tamoxifen. Four weeks later, Wnt16 mRNA levels in cortical bone were reduced and cortical thickness in femur was decreased in Cre-Wnt16flox/flox mice compared to Wnt16flox/flox mice. Then, inactivation of Wnt16 in 47-week-old mice (evaluated four weeks later) resulted in a reduction of Wnt16 mRNA levels, cortical thickness and cortical bone strength with no effect on trabecular bone volume fraction. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that the reduced cortical bone thickness was caused by a combination of increased bone resorption and reduced periosteal bone formation. In conclusion, WNT16 is a crucial regulator of cortical bone thickness in young adult and old mice. We propose that new treatment strategies targeting the adult regulation of WNT16 might be useful to reduce fracture risk at cortical bone sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claes Ohlsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis ResearchDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Petra Henning
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis ResearchDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin H Nilsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis ResearchDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jianyao Wu
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis ResearchDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin L Gustafsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis ResearchDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Klara Sjögren
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis ResearchDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Törnqvist
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis ResearchDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Antti Koskela
- Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologyInstitute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Fu-Ping Zhang
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and PharmacologyTurku Center for Disease Modeling, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Marie K Lagerquist
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis ResearchDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Matti Poutanen
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis ResearchDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and PharmacologyTurku Center for Disease Modeling, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologyInstitute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ulf H Lerner
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis ResearchDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sofia Movérare-Skrtic
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis ResearchDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Tuukkanen J, Nakamura M. Hydroxyapatite as a Nanomaterial for Advanced Tissue Engineering and Drug Therapy. Curr Pharm Des 2017; 23:3786-3793. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612823666170615105454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 05/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juha Tuukkanen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Cancer and Translational Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, P.O. Box: 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Miho Nakamura
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Bergström I, Kerns JG, Törnqvist AE, Perdikouri C, Mathavan N, Koskela A, Henriksson HB, Tuukkanen J, Andersson G, Isaksson H, Goodship AE, Windahl SH. Compressive loading of the murine tibia reveals site-specific micro-scale differences in adaptation and maturation rates of bone. Osteoporos Int 2017; 28:1121-1131. [PMID: 27921145 PMCID: PMC5306148 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-016-3846-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Loading increases bone mass and strength in a site-specific manner; however, possible effects of loading on bone matrix composition have not been evaluated. Site-specific structural and material properties of mouse bone were analyzed on the macro- and micro/molecular scale in the presence and absence of axial loading. The response of bone to load is heterogeneous, adapting at molecular, micro-, and macro-levels. INTRODUCTION Osteoporosis is a degenerative disease resulting in reduced bone mineral density, structure, and strength. The overall aim was to explore the hypothesis that changes in loading environment result in site-specific adaptations at molecular/micro- and macro-scale in mouse bone. METHODS Right tibiae of adult mice were subjected to well-defined cyclic axial loading for 2 weeks; left tibiae were used as physiologically loaded controls. The bones were analyzed with μCT (structure), reference point indentation (material properties), Raman spectroscopy (chemical), and small-angle X-ray scattering (mineral crystallization and structure). RESULTS The cranial and caudal sites of tibiae are structurally and biochemically different within control bones. In response to loading, cranial and caudal sites increase in cortical thickness with reduced mineralization (-14 and -3%, p < 0.01, respectively) and crystallinity (-1.4 and -0.3%, p < 0.05, respectively). Along the length of the loaded bones, collagen content becomes more heterogeneous on the caudal site and the mineral/collagen increases distally at both sites. CONCLUSION Bone structure and composition are heterogeneous, finely tuned, adaptive, and site-specifically responsive at the micro-scale to maintain optimal function. Manipulation of this heterogeneity may affect bone strength, relative to specific applied loads.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Bergström
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J G Kerns
- UCL Institute of Orthopedics and Musculoskeletal Science, Royal National Orthopedic Hospital, London, UK
- Lancaster Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YG, UK
| | - A E Törnqvist
- Rheumatology and Bone Diseases Unit, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - C Perdikouri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Orthopedics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - N Mathavan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Orthopedics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - A Koskela
- Institute of Cancer and Translational Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, MRC Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - H B Henriksson
- Department of Orthopedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Orthopedics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J Tuukkanen
- Institute of Cancer and Translational Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, MRC Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - G Andersson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - H Isaksson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Orthopedics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - A E Goodship
- UCL Institute of Orthopedics and Musculoskeletal Science, Royal National Orthopedic Hospital, London, UK
- Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy, School of Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - S H Windahl
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kylmaoja E, Nakamura M, Tuukkanen J. Osteoclasts and Remodeling Based Bone Formation. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 11:626-633. [PMID: 26477623 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x10666151019115724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Osteoclasts are multinuclear cells of the monocyte macrophage lineage. They are responsible for bone remodeling by first resorbing packets of bone, which are subsequently replaced by new bone produced by osteoblasts. Osteoblasts are derived from mesenchymal stem cells, and thus osteogenesis can also be induced in various tissues at extra skeletal sites. Fifty years ago it was discovered that demineralized bone matrix is able to induce ectopic bone formation. Since that time the differentiation of bone cells has been studied intensively. The aim was to produce bone for the repair of bone defects. The molecular basis of bone remodeling has been established in great detail and the mechanism of how bone resorption and bone formation are coupled in bone remodeling sites has been delineated. Osteoclasts resorb bone, but they also secrete anabolic signals that induce mesenchymal stem cells and osteoblasts to initiate osteogenesis in resorption lacuna (remodeling) or another nonresorbed site (modeling). It is this osteoclast derived influence on mesenchymal stem cells and osteoblasts that could be utilized in tissue engineering. So far investigators have tried to find ways to induce bone formation by activating mesenchymal stem cells, but a better understanding of the remodeling paradigm of bone, the intrinsic regulation of bone formation through osteoclastic resorption, could be utilized for tissue engineering. Scaffold materials like decellularized natural tissue extracellular matrices or bone type resorbable mineral matrices induce resorption and simultaneously induce bone formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Eriksson AL, Wilhelmson AS, Fagman JB, Ryberg H, Koskela A, Tuukkanen J, Tivesten Å, Ohlsson C. The Bone Sparing Effects of 2-Methoxyestradiol Are Mediated via Estrogen Receptor-α in Male Mice. Endocrinology 2016; 157:4200-4205. [PMID: 27631553 PMCID: PMC5086527 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
2-Methoxyestradiol (2ME2), a metabolite of 17β-estradiol (E2), exerts bone sparing effects in animal models. We hypothesized that the underlying mechanism is back conversion of 2ME2 to E2, which subsequently acts via estrogen receptor (ER)α. We measured serum E2 levels in orchidectomized wild-type (WT) mice treated with 2ME2 66.6 μg/d or placebo. In placebo-treated animals, E2 was below the detection limit. In 2ME2-treated mice, the serum E2 level was 4.97 ± 0.68 pg/mL. This corresponds to the level found in diesterus in cycling female mice. Next, we investigated bone parameters in orchidectomized WT and ERα knockout mice treated with 2ME2 or placebo for 35 days. 2ME2 (6.66 μg/d) preserved trabecular and cortical bone in WT mice. Trabecular volumetric-bone mineral density was 64 ± 20%, and trabecular bone volume/total volume was 60 ± 20% higher in the metaphyseal region of the femur in the 2ME2 group, compared with placebo (P < .01). Both trabecular number and trabecular thickness were increased (P < .01). Cortical bone mineral content in the diaphyseal region of the femur was 31 ± 3% higher in the 2ME2 group, compared with placebo (P < .001). This was due to larger cortical area (P < .001). Three-point bending showed an increased bone strength in WT 2ME2-treated animals compared with placebo (maximum load [Fmax] +19±5% in the 2ME2 group, P < .05). Importantly, no bone parameter was affected by 2ME2 treatment in ERα knockout mice. In conclusion, 2ME2 treatment of orchidectomized mice results in increased serum E2. ERα mediates the bone sparing effects of 2ME2. The likely mediator of this effect is E2 resulting from back conversion of 2ME2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna L Eriksson
- Center for Bone and Arthritis Research (A.L.E., H.R., C.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (A.S.W., A.T.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Sahlgrenska Cancer Center (J.F.), Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Clinical Chemistry (H.R.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; and Unit of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine (A.K., J.T.), Medical Research Center, Oulu and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, FI-900 14 Oulu, Finland
| | - Anna S Wilhelmson
- Center for Bone and Arthritis Research (A.L.E., H.R., C.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (A.S.W., A.T.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Sahlgrenska Cancer Center (J.F.), Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Clinical Chemistry (H.R.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; and Unit of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine (A.K., J.T.), Medical Research Center, Oulu and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, FI-900 14 Oulu, Finland
| | - Johan B Fagman
- Center for Bone and Arthritis Research (A.L.E., H.R., C.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (A.S.W., A.T.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Sahlgrenska Cancer Center (J.F.), Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Clinical Chemistry (H.R.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; and Unit of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine (A.K., J.T.), Medical Research Center, Oulu and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, FI-900 14 Oulu, Finland
| | - Henrik Ryberg
- Center for Bone and Arthritis Research (A.L.E., H.R., C.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (A.S.W., A.T.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Sahlgrenska Cancer Center (J.F.), Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Clinical Chemistry (H.R.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; and Unit of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine (A.K., J.T.), Medical Research Center, Oulu and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, FI-900 14 Oulu, Finland
| | - Antti Koskela
- Center for Bone and Arthritis Research (A.L.E., H.R., C.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (A.S.W., A.T.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Sahlgrenska Cancer Center (J.F.), Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Clinical Chemistry (H.R.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; and Unit of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine (A.K., J.T.), Medical Research Center, Oulu and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, FI-900 14 Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Center for Bone and Arthritis Research (A.L.E., H.R., C.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (A.S.W., A.T.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Sahlgrenska Cancer Center (J.F.), Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Clinical Chemistry (H.R.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; and Unit of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine (A.K., J.T.), Medical Research Center, Oulu and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, FI-900 14 Oulu, Finland
| | - Åsa Tivesten
- Center for Bone and Arthritis Research (A.L.E., H.R., C.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (A.S.W., A.T.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Sahlgrenska Cancer Center (J.F.), Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Clinical Chemistry (H.R.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; and Unit of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine (A.K., J.T.), Medical Research Center, Oulu and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, FI-900 14 Oulu, Finland
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Center for Bone and Arthritis Research (A.L.E., H.R., C.O.), Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (A.S.W., A.T.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Sahlgrenska Cancer Center (J.F.), Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Clinical Chemistry (H.R.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; and Unit of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine (A.K., J.T.), Medical Research Center, Oulu and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, FI-900 14 Oulu, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Farman HH, Windahl SH, Westberg L, Isaksson H, Egecioglu E, Schele E, Ryberg H, Jansson JO, Tuukkanen J, Koskela A, Xie SK, Hahner L, Zehr J, Clegg DJ, Lagerquist MK, Ohlsson C. Female Mice Lacking Estrogen Receptor-α in Hypothalamic Proopiomelanocortin (POMC) Neurons Display Enhanced Estrogenic Response on Cortical Bone Mass. Endocrinology 2016; 157:3242-52. [PMID: 27254004 PMCID: PMC4967117 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Estrogens are important regulators of bone mass and their effects are mainly mediated via estrogen receptor (ER)α. Central ERα exerts an inhibitory role on bone mass. ERα is highly expressed in the arcuate (ARC) and the ventromedial (VMN) nuclei in the hypothalamus. To test whether ERα in proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons, located in ARC, is involved in the regulation of bone mass, we used mice lacking ERα expression specifically in POMC neurons (POMC-ERα(-/-)). Female POMC-ERα(-/-) and control mice were ovariectomized (OVX) and treated with vehicle or estradiol (0.5 μg/d) for 6 weeks. As expected, estradiol treatment increased the cortical bone thickness in femur, the cortical bone mechanical strength in tibia and the trabecular bone volume fraction in both femur and vertebrae in OVX control mice. Importantly, the estrogenic responses were substantially increased in OVX POMC-ERα(-/-) mice compared with the estrogenic responses in OVX control mice for cortical bone thickness (+126 ± 34%, P < .01) and mechanical strength (+193 ± 38%, P < .01). To test whether ERα in VMN is involved in the regulation of bone mass, ERα was silenced using an adeno-associated viral vector. Silencing of ERα in hypothalamic VMN resulted in unchanged bone mass. In conclusion, mice lacking ERα in POMC neurons display enhanced estrogenic response on cortical bone mass and mechanical strength. We propose that the balance between inhibitory effects of central ERα activity in hypothalamic POMC neurons in ARC and stimulatory peripheral ERα-mediated effects in bone determines cortical bone mass in female mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H H Farman
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (H.H.F., S.H.W., H.R., M.K.L., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Pharmacology (L.W., E.E.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.I.), Lund University, SE221 85 Lund, Sweden; Department of Orthopaedics (H.I.), Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE221 85 Lund, Sweden; Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology/Endocrinology (E.S., J.O.J.), Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry (H.R.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (J.T., A.K.), Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI900 14 Oulu, Finland; and Touchstone Diabetes Center (S.K.X., L.H., J.Z., D.J.C.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - S H Windahl
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (H.H.F., S.H.W., H.R., M.K.L., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Pharmacology (L.W., E.E.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.I.), Lund University, SE221 85 Lund, Sweden; Department of Orthopaedics (H.I.), Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE221 85 Lund, Sweden; Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology/Endocrinology (E.S., J.O.J.), Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry (H.R.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (J.T., A.K.), Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI900 14 Oulu, Finland; and Touchstone Diabetes Center (S.K.X., L.H., J.Z., D.J.C.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - L Westberg
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (H.H.F., S.H.W., H.R., M.K.L., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Pharmacology (L.W., E.E.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.I.), Lund University, SE221 85 Lund, Sweden; Department of Orthopaedics (H.I.), Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE221 85 Lund, Sweden; Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology/Endocrinology (E.S., J.O.J.), Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry (H.R.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (J.T., A.K.), Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI900 14 Oulu, Finland; and Touchstone Diabetes Center (S.K.X., L.H., J.Z., D.J.C.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - H Isaksson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (H.H.F., S.H.W., H.R., M.K.L., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Pharmacology (L.W., E.E.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.I.), Lund University, SE221 85 Lund, Sweden; Department of Orthopaedics (H.I.), Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE221 85 Lund, Sweden; Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology/Endocrinology (E.S., J.O.J.), Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry (H.R.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (J.T., A.K.), Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI900 14 Oulu, Finland; and Touchstone Diabetes Center (S.K.X., L.H., J.Z., D.J.C.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - E Egecioglu
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (H.H.F., S.H.W., H.R., M.K.L., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Pharmacology (L.W., E.E.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.I.), Lund University, SE221 85 Lund, Sweden; Department of Orthopaedics (H.I.), Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE221 85 Lund, Sweden; Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology/Endocrinology (E.S., J.O.J.), Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry (H.R.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (J.T., A.K.), Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI900 14 Oulu, Finland; and Touchstone Diabetes Center (S.K.X., L.H., J.Z., D.J.C.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - E Schele
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (H.H.F., S.H.W., H.R., M.K.L., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Pharmacology (L.W., E.E.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.I.), Lund University, SE221 85 Lund, Sweden; Department of Orthopaedics (H.I.), Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE221 85 Lund, Sweden; Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology/Endocrinology (E.S., J.O.J.), Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry (H.R.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (J.T., A.K.), Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI900 14 Oulu, Finland; and Touchstone Diabetes Center (S.K.X., L.H., J.Z., D.J.C.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - H Ryberg
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (H.H.F., S.H.W., H.R., M.K.L., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Pharmacology (L.W., E.E.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.I.), Lund University, SE221 85 Lund, Sweden; Department of Orthopaedics (H.I.), Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE221 85 Lund, Sweden; Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology/Endocrinology (E.S., J.O.J.), Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry (H.R.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (J.T., A.K.), Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI900 14 Oulu, Finland; and Touchstone Diabetes Center (S.K.X., L.H., J.Z., D.J.C.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - J O Jansson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (H.H.F., S.H.W., H.R., M.K.L., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Pharmacology (L.W., E.E.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.I.), Lund University, SE221 85 Lund, Sweden; Department of Orthopaedics (H.I.), Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE221 85 Lund, Sweden; Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology/Endocrinology (E.S., J.O.J.), Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry (H.R.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (J.T., A.K.), Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI900 14 Oulu, Finland; and Touchstone Diabetes Center (S.K.X., L.H., J.Z., D.J.C.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - J Tuukkanen
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (H.H.F., S.H.W., H.R., M.K.L., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Pharmacology (L.W., E.E.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.I.), Lund University, SE221 85 Lund, Sweden; Department of Orthopaedics (H.I.), Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE221 85 Lund, Sweden; Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology/Endocrinology (E.S., J.O.J.), Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry (H.R.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (J.T., A.K.), Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI900 14 Oulu, Finland; and Touchstone Diabetes Center (S.K.X., L.H., J.Z., D.J.C.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - A Koskela
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (H.H.F., S.H.W., H.R., M.K.L., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Pharmacology (L.W., E.E.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.I.), Lund University, SE221 85 Lund, Sweden; Department of Orthopaedics (H.I.), Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE221 85 Lund, Sweden; Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology/Endocrinology (E.S., J.O.J.), Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry (H.R.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (J.T., A.K.), Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI900 14 Oulu, Finland; and Touchstone Diabetes Center (S.K.X., L.H., J.Z., D.J.C.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - S K Xie
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (H.H.F., S.H.W., H.R., M.K.L., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Pharmacology (L.W., E.E.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.I.), Lund University, SE221 85 Lund, Sweden; Department of Orthopaedics (H.I.), Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE221 85 Lund, Sweden; Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology/Endocrinology (E.S., J.O.J.), Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry (H.R.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (J.T., A.K.), Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI900 14 Oulu, Finland; and Touchstone Diabetes Center (S.K.X., L.H., J.Z., D.J.C.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - L Hahner
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (H.H.F., S.H.W., H.R., M.K.L., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Pharmacology (L.W., E.E.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.I.), Lund University, SE221 85 Lund, Sweden; Department of Orthopaedics (H.I.), Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE221 85 Lund, Sweden; Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology/Endocrinology (E.S., J.O.J.), Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry (H.R.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (J.T., A.K.), Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI900 14 Oulu, Finland; and Touchstone Diabetes Center (S.K.X., L.H., J.Z., D.J.C.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - J Zehr
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (H.H.F., S.H.W., H.R., M.K.L., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Pharmacology (L.W., E.E.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.I.), Lund University, SE221 85 Lund, Sweden; Department of Orthopaedics (H.I.), Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE221 85 Lund, Sweden; Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology/Endocrinology (E.S., J.O.J.), Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry (H.R.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (J.T., A.K.), Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI900 14 Oulu, Finland; and Touchstone Diabetes Center (S.K.X., L.H., J.Z., D.J.C.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - D J Clegg
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (H.H.F., S.H.W., H.R., M.K.L., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Pharmacology (L.W., E.E.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.I.), Lund University, SE221 85 Lund, Sweden; Department of Orthopaedics (H.I.), Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE221 85 Lund, Sweden; Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology/Endocrinology (E.S., J.O.J.), Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry (H.R.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (J.T., A.K.), Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI900 14 Oulu, Finland; and Touchstone Diabetes Center (S.K.X., L.H., J.Z., D.J.C.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - M K Lagerquist
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (H.H.F., S.H.W., H.R., M.K.L., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Pharmacology (L.W., E.E.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.I.), Lund University, SE221 85 Lund, Sweden; Department of Orthopaedics (H.I.), Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE221 85 Lund, Sweden; Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology/Endocrinology (E.S., J.O.J.), Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry (H.R.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (J.T., A.K.), Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI900 14 Oulu, Finland; and Touchstone Diabetes Center (S.K.X., L.H., J.Z., D.J.C.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - C Ohlsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (H.H.F., S.H.W., H.R., M.K.L., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Pharmacology (L.W., E.E.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.I.), Lund University, SE221 85 Lund, Sweden; Department of Orthopaedics (H.I.), Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE221 85 Lund, Sweden; Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology/Endocrinology (E.S., J.O.J.), Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry (H.R.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (J.T., A.K.), Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI900 14 Oulu, Finland; and Touchstone Diabetes Center (S.K.X., L.H., J.Z., D.J.C.), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Svensson J, Windahl SH, Saxon L, Sjögren K, Koskela A, Tuukkanen J, Ohlsson C. Liver-derived IGF-I regulates cortical bone mass but is dispensable for the osteogenic response to mechanical loading in female mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2016; 311:E138-44. [PMID: 27221117 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00107.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Low circulating IGF-I is associated with increased fracture risk. Conditional depletion of IGF-I produced in osteoblasts or osteocytes inhibits the bone anabolic effect of mechanical loading. Here, we determined the role of endocrine IGF-I for the osteogenic response to mechanical loading in young adult and old female mice with adult, liver-specific IGF-I inactivation (LI-IGF-I(-/-) mice, serum IGF-I reduced by ≈70%) and control mice. The right tibia was subjected to short periods of axial cyclic compressive loading three times/wk for 2 wk, and measurements were performed using microcomputed tomography and mechanical testing by three-point bending. In the nonloaded left tibia, the LI-IGF-I(-/-) mice had lower cortical bone area and increased cortical porosity, resulting in reduced bone mechanical strength compared with the controls. Mechanical loading induced a similar response in LI-IGF-I(-/-) and control mice in terms of cortical bone area and trabecular bone volume fraction. In fact, mechanical loading produced a more marked increase in cortical bone mechanical strength, which was associated with a less marked increase in cortical porosity, in the LI-IGF-I(-/-) mice compared with the control mice. In conclusion, liver-derived IGF-I regulates cortical bone mass, cortical porosity, and mechanical strength under normal (nonloaded) conditions. However, despite an ∼70% reduction in circulating IGF-I, the osteogenic response to mechanical loading was not attenuated in the LI-IGF-I(-/-) mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johan Svensson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden;
| | - Sara H Windahl
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; School of Veterinary Sciences, Bristol United Kingdom
| | - Leanne Saxon
- The Royal Veterinary College, London United Kingdom; and
| | - Klara Sjögren
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Antti Koskela
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Börjesson AE, Farman HH, Movérare-Skrtic S, Engdahl C, Antal MC, Koskela A, Tuukkanen J, Carlsten H, Krust A, Chambon P, Sjögren K, Lagerquist MK, Windahl SH, Ohlsson C. SERMs have substance-specific effects on bone, and these effects are mediated via ERαAF-1 in female mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2016; 310:E912-8. [PMID: 27048997 PMCID: PMC4935145 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00488.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The bone-sparing effect of estrogens is mediated primarily via estrogen receptor (ER)α, which stimulates gene transcription through activation function (AF)-1 and AF-2. The role of ERαAF-1 for the estradiol (E2) effects is tissue specific. The selective ER modulators (SERMs) raloxifene (Ral), lasofoxifene (Las), and bazedoxifene (Bza) can be used to treat postmenopausal osteoporosis. They all reduce the risk for vertebral fractures, whereas Las and partly Bza, but not Ral, reduce the risk for nonvertebral fractures. Here, we have compared the tissue specificity of Ral, Las, and Bza and evaluated the role of ERαAF-1 for the effects of these SERMs, with an emphasis on bone parameters. We treated ovariectomized (OVX) wild-type (WT) mice and OVX mice lacking ERαAF-1 (ERαAF-1(0)) with E2, Ral, Las, or Bza. All three SERMs increased trabecular bone mass in the axial skeleton. In the appendicular skeleton, only Las increased the trabecular bone volume/tissue volume and trabecular number, whereas both Ral and Las increased the cortical bone thickness and strength. However, Ral also increased cortical porosity. The three SERMs had only a minor effect on uterine weight. Notably, all evaluated effects of these SERMs were absent in ovx ERαAF-1(0) mice. In conclusion, all SERMs had similar effects on axial bone mass. However, the SERMs had slightly different effects on the appendicular skeleton since only Las increased the trabecular bone mass and only Ral increased the cortical porosity. Importantly, all SERM effects require a functional ERαAF-1 in female mice. These results could lead to development of more specific treatments for osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna E Börjesson
- Rheumatology and Bone Diseases Unit, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Helen H Farman
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sofia Movérare-Skrtic
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Engdahl
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maria Cristina Antal
- Strasbourg University, Faculté de Médecine, Institut d'Histologie, Strasbourg, France
| | - Antti Koskela
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, MRC Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, MRC Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Hans Carlsten
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Andrée Krust
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR7104; National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale U596; ULP, Collège de France), Illkirch, Strasbourg, France
| | - Pierre Chambon
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR7104; National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale U596; ULP, Collège de France), Illkirch, Strasbourg, France
| | - Klara Sjögren
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marie K Lagerquist
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sara H Windahl
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden;
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Wu J, Movérare-Skrtic S, Börjesson AE, Lagerquist MK, Sjögren K, Windahl SH, Koskela A, Grahnemo L, Islander U, Wilhelmson AS, Tivesten Å, Tuukkanen J, Ohlsson C. Enzalutamide Reduces the Bone Mass in the Axial But Not the Appendicular Skeleton in Male Mice. Endocrinology 2016; 157:969-77. [PMID: 26587782 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Testosterone is a crucial regulator of the skeleton, but the role of the androgen receptor (AR) for the maintenance of the adult male skeleton is unclear. In the present study, the role of the AR for bone metabolism and skeletal growth after sexual maturation was evaluated by means of the drug enzalutamide, which is a new AR antagonist used in the treatment of prostate cancer patients. Nine-week-old male mice were treated with 10, 30, or 100 mg/kg·d of enzalutamide for 21 days or were surgically castrated and were compared with vehicle-treated gonadal intact mice. Although orchidectomy reduced the cortical bone thickness and trabecular bone volume fraction in the appendicular skeleton, these parameters were unaffected by enzalutamide. In contrast, both enzalutamide and orchidectomy reduced the bone mass in the axial skeleton as demonstrated by a reduced lumbar spine areal bone mineral density (P < .001) and trabecular bone volume fraction in L5 vertebrae (P < .001) compared with vehicle-treated gonadal intact mice. A compression test of the L5 vertebrae revealed that the mechanical strength in the axial skeleton was significantly reduced by enzalutamide (maximal load at failure -15.3% ± 3.5%; P < .01). The effects of enzalutamide in the axial skeleton were associated with a high bone turnover. In conclusion, enzalutamide reduces the bone mass in the axial but not the appendicular skeleton in male mice after sexual maturation. We propose that the effect of testosterone on the axial skeleton in male mice is mainly mediated via the AR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianyao Wu
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (J.W., S.M.-S., A.E.B., M.K.L., K.S., S.H.W., L.G., U.I., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, S-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Rheumatology and Bone Diseases Unit (A.E.B.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland, United Kingdom; Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy (S.H.W.), School of Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Bristol BS28EJ, United Kingdom; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (A.K., J.T.), Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; and The Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (A.S.W., ÅT.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sofia Movérare-Skrtic
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (J.W., S.M.-S., A.E.B., M.K.L., K.S., S.H.W., L.G., U.I., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, S-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Rheumatology and Bone Diseases Unit (A.E.B.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland, United Kingdom; Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy (S.H.W.), School of Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Bristol BS28EJ, United Kingdom; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (A.K., J.T.), Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; and The Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (A.S.W., ÅT.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna E Börjesson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (J.W., S.M.-S., A.E.B., M.K.L., K.S., S.H.W., L.G., U.I., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, S-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Rheumatology and Bone Diseases Unit (A.E.B.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland, United Kingdom; Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy (S.H.W.), School of Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Bristol BS28EJ, United Kingdom; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (A.K., J.T.), Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; and The Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (A.S.W., ÅT.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marie K Lagerquist
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (J.W., S.M.-S., A.E.B., M.K.L., K.S., S.H.W., L.G., U.I., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, S-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Rheumatology and Bone Diseases Unit (A.E.B.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland, United Kingdom; Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy (S.H.W.), School of Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Bristol BS28EJ, United Kingdom; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (A.K., J.T.), Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; and The Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (A.S.W., ÅT.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Klara Sjögren
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (J.W., S.M.-S., A.E.B., M.K.L., K.S., S.H.W., L.G., U.I., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, S-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Rheumatology and Bone Diseases Unit (A.E.B.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland, United Kingdom; Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy (S.H.W.), School of Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Bristol BS28EJ, United Kingdom; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (A.K., J.T.), Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; and The Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (A.S.W., ÅT.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sara H Windahl
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (J.W., S.M.-S., A.E.B., M.K.L., K.S., S.H.W., L.G., U.I., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, S-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Rheumatology and Bone Diseases Unit (A.E.B.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland, United Kingdom; Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy (S.H.W.), School of Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Bristol BS28EJ, United Kingdom; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (A.K., J.T.), Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; and The Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (A.S.W., ÅT.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Antti Koskela
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (J.W., S.M.-S., A.E.B., M.K.L., K.S., S.H.W., L.G., U.I., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, S-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Rheumatology and Bone Diseases Unit (A.E.B.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland, United Kingdom; Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy (S.H.W.), School of Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Bristol BS28EJ, United Kingdom; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (A.K., J.T.), Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; and The Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (A.S.W., ÅT.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Louise Grahnemo
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (J.W., S.M.-S., A.E.B., M.K.L., K.S., S.H.W., L.G., U.I., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, S-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Rheumatology and Bone Diseases Unit (A.E.B.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland, United Kingdom; Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy (S.H.W.), School of Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Bristol BS28EJ, United Kingdom; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (A.K., J.T.), Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; and The Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (A.S.W., ÅT.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Islander
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (J.W., S.M.-S., A.E.B., M.K.L., K.S., S.H.W., L.G., U.I., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, S-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Rheumatology and Bone Diseases Unit (A.E.B.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland, United Kingdom; Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy (S.H.W.), School of Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Bristol BS28EJ, United Kingdom; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (A.K., J.T.), Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; and The Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (A.S.W., ÅT.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna S Wilhelmson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (J.W., S.M.-S., A.E.B., M.K.L., K.S., S.H.W., L.G., U.I., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, S-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Rheumatology and Bone Diseases Unit (A.E.B.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland, United Kingdom; Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy (S.H.W.), School of Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Bristol BS28EJ, United Kingdom; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (A.K., J.T.), Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; and The Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (A.S.W., ÅT.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Åsa Tivesten
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (J.W., S.M.-S., A.E.B., M.K.L., K.S., S.H.W., L.G., U.I., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, S-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Rheumatology and Bone Diseases Unit (A.E.B.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland, United Kingdom; Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy (S.H.W.), School of Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Bristol BS28EJ, United Kingdom; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (A.K., J.T.), Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; and The Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (A.S.W., ÅT.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (J.W., S.M.-S., A.E.B., M.K.L., K.S., S.H.W., L.G., U.I., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, S-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Rheumatology and Bone Diseases Unit (A.E.B.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland, United Kingdom; Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy (S.H.W.), School of Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Bristol BS28EJ, United Kingdom; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (A.K., J.T.), Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; and The Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (A.S.W., ÅT.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (J.W., S.M.-S., A.E.B., M.K.L., K.S., S.H.W., L.G., U.I., C.O.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, S-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Rheumatology and Bone Diseases Unit (A.E.B.), Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland, United Kingdom; Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy (S.H.W.), School of Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Bristol BS28EJ, United Kingdom; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (A.K., J.T.), Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; and The Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (A.S.W., ÅT.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Pasuri J, Holopainen J, Kokkonen H, Persson M, Kauppinen K, Lehenkari P, Santala E, Ritala M, Tuukkanen J. Osteoclasts in the interface with electrospun hydroxyapatite. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 135:774-783. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.08.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 08/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
40
|
Aro E, Salo AM, Khatri R, Finnilä M, Miinalainen I, Sormunen R, Pakkanen O, Holster T, Soininen R, Prein C, Clausen-Schaumann H, Aszódi A, Tuukkanen J, Kivirikko KI, Schipani E, Myllyharju J. Severe Extracellular Matrix Abnormalities and Chondrodysplasia in Mice Lacking Collagen Prolyl 4-Hydroxylase Isoenzyme II in Combination with a Reduced Amount of Isoenzyme I. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:16964-78. [PMID: 26001784 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.662635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen prolyl 4-hydroxylases (C-P4H-I, C-P4H-II, and C-P4H-III) catalyze formation of 4-hydroxyproline residues required to form triple-helical collagen molecules. Vertebrate C-P4Hs are α2β2 tetramers differing in their catalytic α subunits. C-P4H-I is the major isoenzyme in most cells, and inactivation of its catalytic subunit (P4ha1(-/-)) leads to embryonic lethality in mouse, whereas P4ha1(+/-) mice have no abnormalities. To study the role of C-P4H-II, which predominates in chondrocytes, we generated P4ha2(-/-) mice. Surprisingly, they had no apparent phenotypic abnormalities. To assess possible functional complementarity, we established P4ha1(+/-);P4ha2(-/-) mice. They were smaller than their littermates, had moderate chondrodysplasia, and developed kyphosis. A transient inner cell death phenotype was detected in their developing growth plates. The columnar arrangement of proliferative chondrocytes was impaired, the amount of 4-hydroxyproline and the Tm of collagen II were reduced, and the extracellular matrix was softer in the growth plates of newborn P4ha1(+/-);P4ha2(-/-) mice. No signs of uncompensated ER stress were detected in the mutant growth plate chondrocytes. Some of these defects were also found in P4ha2(-/-) mice, although in a much milder form. Our data show that C-P4H-I can to a large extent compensate for the lack of C-P4H-II in proper endochondral bone development, but their combined partial and complete inactivation, respectively, leads to biomechanically impaired extracellular matrix, moderate chondrodysplasia, and kyphosis. Our mouse data suggest that inactivating mutations in human P4HA2 are not likely to lead to skeletal disorders, and a simultaneous decrease in P4HA1 function would most probably be required to generate such a disease phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ellinoora Aro
- From the Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, the Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, and
| | - Antti M Salo
- From the Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, the Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, and
| | - Richa Khatri
- the Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | - Mikko Finnilä
- Pathology, University of Oulu, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Raija Sormunen
- Biocenter Oulu, Pathology, University of Oulu, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Outi Pakkanen
- From the Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, the Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, and
| | - Tiina Holster
- From the Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, the Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, and
| | - Raija Soininen
- From the Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, the Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, and
| | - Carina Prein
- the Department of Applied Sciences and Mechatronics and the Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Munich University of Applied Sciences, 80335 Munich, Germany
| | - Hauke Clausen-Schaumann
- the Department of Applied Sciences and Mechatronics and the Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Munich University of Applied Sciences, 80335 Munich, Germany, the Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians University, 80539 Munich, Germany, and
| | - Attila Aszódi
- the Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Munich University of Applied Sciences, 80335 Munich, Germany, the Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Clinical Center University of Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | | | - Kari I Kivirikko
- From the Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, the Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, and
| | | | - Johanna Myllyharju
- From the Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, the Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, and
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Junno JA, Paananen M, Karppinen J, Niinimäki J, Niskanen M, Maijanen H, Väre T, Järvelin MR, Nieminen MT, Tuukkanen J, Ruff C. Age-related trends in vertebral dimensions. J Anat 2015; 226:434-9. [PMID: 25913516 DOI: 10.1111/joa.12295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated age-related changes in vertebral dimensions. Vertebral size has been reported to increase among elderly adults, with periosteal apposition resulting in increased cross-sectional area (CSA) of the vertebral corpus combined with reduction in bone mineral density. These changes in CSA are observed to be sex-specific, as the pronounced increase of vertebral CSA is found only in elderly males. However, the reduction in bone mineral density in old age is apparent within both sexes. It is thus hypothesized that higher fracture risk in elderly women is a result of their incapacity to increase vertebral size and thus adapt to bone mineral reduction. In this study, our aim was to explore whether the onset of these changes could be ascribed to specific age intervals and whether the proposed differences between the sexes are as great as previously suggested. To conduct this study we utilized two large early 20th century skeletal collections known as Terry and Bass (n = 181). We also utilized data from two lumbar spine magnetic resonance imaging samples as a modern-day reference (n = 497). Age, sex and ethnicity of all individuals were known. Vertebral CSA was determined by measuring three width and length dimensions from the corpus of the fourth lumbar vertebra (L4). Our results indicate only a moderate association between age and vertebral CSA. This association was observed to be relatively similar in both sexes, and we thus conclude that there is no clear sex-specific compensatory mechanism for age-related bone loss in vertebral size.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juho-Antti Junno
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Archaeology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Center for Functional Anatomy and Evolution, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Markus Paananen
- Centre for Life Course Epidemiology and Systems Medicine, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jaro Karppinen
- Centre for Life Course Epidemiology and Systems Medicine, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Work and Health Ability and Disability Prevention Centre, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jaakko Niinimäki
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Center for Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Markku Niskanen
- Department of Archaeology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Heli Maijanen
- Department of Archaeology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tiina Väre
- Department of Archaeology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Marjo-Riitta Järvelin
- Institute of Health Sciences, Public Health and General Practice, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,National Institute of Health and Welfare, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Miika T Nieminen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Center for Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Christopher Ruff
- Center for Functional Anatomy and Evolution, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Strandgren C, Nasser HA, McKenna T, Koskela A, Tuukkanen J, Ohlsson C, Rozell B, Eriksson M. Transgene silencing of the Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome mutation results in a reversible bone phenotype, whereas resveratrol treatment does not show overall beneficial effects. FASEB J 2015; 29:3193-205. [PMID: 25877214 DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-269217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a rare premature aging disorder that is most commonly caused by a de novo point mutation in exon 11 of the LMNA gene, c.1824C>T, which results in an increased production of a truncated form of lamin A known as progerin. In this study, we used a mouse model to study the possibility of recovering from HGPS bone disease upon silencing of the HGPS mutation, and the potential benefits from treatment with resveratrol. We show that complete silencing of the transgenic expression of progerin normalized bone morphology and mineralization already after 7 weeks. The improvements included lower frequencies of rib fractures and callus formation, an increased number of osteocytes in remodeled bone, and normalized dentinogenesis. The beneficial effects from resveratrol treatment were less significant and to a large extent similar to mice treated with sucrose alone. However, the reversal of the dental phenotype of overgrown and laterally displaced lower incisors in HGPS mice could be attributed to resveratrol. Our results indicate that the HGPS bone defects were reversible upon suppressed transgenic expression and suggest that treatments targeting aberrant progerin splicing give hope to patients who are affected by HGPS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Strandgren
- *Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Center for Innovative Medicine, and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; and Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hasina Abdul Nasser
- *Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Center for Innovative Medicine, and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; and Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tomás McKenna
- *Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Center for Innovative Medicine, and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; and Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Antti Koskela
- *Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Center for Innovative Medicine, and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; and Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- *Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Center for Innovative Medicine, and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; and Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- *Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Center for Innovative Medicine, and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; and Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Björn Rozell
- *Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Center for Innovative Medicine, and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; and Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Eriksson
- *Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Center for Innovative Medicine, and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; and Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Viluksela M, Heikkinen P, van der Ven LTM, Rendel F, Roos R, Esteban J, Korkalainen M, Lensu S, Miettinen HM, Savolainen K, Sankari S, Lilienthal H, Adamsson A, Toppari J, Herlin M, Finnilä M, Tuukkanen J, Leslie HA, Hamers T, Hamscher G, Al-Anati L, Stenius U, Dervola KS, Bogen IL, Fonnum F, Andersson PL, Schrenk D, Halldin K, Håkansson H. Toxicological profile of ultrapure 2,2',3,4,4',5,5'-heptachlorbiphenyl (PCB 180) in adult rats. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104639. [PMID: 25137063 PMCID: PMC4138103 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PCB 180 is a persistent non-dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyl (NDL-PCB) abundantly present in food and the environment. Risk characterization of NDL-PCBs is confounded by the presence of highly potent dioxin-like impurities. We used ultrapure PCB 180 to characterize its toxicity profile in a 28-day repeat dose toxicity study in young adult rats extended to cover endocrine and behavioral effects. Using a loading dose/maintenance dose regimen, groups of 5 males and 5 females were given total doses of 0, 3, 10, 30, 100, 300, 1000 or 1700 mg PCB 180/kg body weight by gavage. Dose-responses were analyzed using benchmark dose modeling based on dose and adipose tissue PCB concentrations. Body weight gain was retarded at 1700 mg/kg during loading dosing, but recovered thereafter. The most sensitive endpoint of toxicity that was used for risk characterization was altered open field behavior in females; i.e. increased activity and distance moved in the inner zone of an open field suggesting altered emotional responses to unfamiliar environment and impaired behavioral inhibition. Other dose-dependent changes included decreased serum thyroid hormones with associated histopathological changes, altered tissue retinoid levels, decreased hematocrit and hemoglobin, decreased follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone levels in males and increased expression of DNA damage markers in liver of females. Dose-dependent hypertrophy of zona fasciculata cells was observed in adrenals suggesting activation of cortex. There were gender differences in sensitivity and toxicity profiles were partly different in males and females. PCB 180 adipose tissue concentrations were clearly above the general human population levels, but close to the levels in highly exposed populations. The results demonstrate a distinct toxicological profile of PCB 180 with lack of dioxin-like properties required for assignment of WHO toxic equivalency factor. However, PCB 180 shares several toxicological targets with dioxin-like compounds emphasizing the potential for interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matti Viluksela
- Department of Environmental Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- * E-mail:
| | - Päivi Heikkinen
- Department of Environmental Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Leo T. M. van der Ven
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Filip Rendel
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Robert Roos
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Javier Esteban
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche (Alicante), Spain
| | - Merja Korkalainen
- Department of Environmental Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sanna Lensu
- Department of Environmental Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Biology of Physical Activity, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Hanna M. Miettinen
- Department of Environmental Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Satu Sankari
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hellmuth Lilienthal
- Center of Toxicology, IPA – Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine, German Social Accident Insurance, Ruhr University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Annika Adamsson
- Department of Physiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jorma Toppari
- Department of Physiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Maria Herlin
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikko Finnilä
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Heather A. Leslie
- Institute for Environmental Studies, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Timo Hamers
- Institute for Environmental Studies, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gerd Hamscher
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Lauy Al-Anati
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulla Stenius
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kine-Susann Dervola
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Inger-Lise Bogen
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Frode Fonnum
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Dieter Schrenk
- Food Chemistry and Toxicology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Krister Halldin
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helen Håkansson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Hussain A, Olausson H, Nilsson S, Nookaew I, Khoomrung S, Andersson L, Koskela A, Tuukkanen J, Ohlsson C, Holmäng A. Maternal beef and postweaning herring diets increase bone mineral density and strength in mouse offspring. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2013; 238:1362-9. [PMID: 24157588 DOI: 10.1177/1535370213506436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The maternal diet during gestation and lactation affects the long-term health of the offspring. We sought to determine whether maternal and postweaning crossover isocaloric diets based on fish or meat affect the geometry, mineral density, and biomechanical properties of bone in mouse offspring in adulthood. During gestation and lactation, C57BL/6 dams were fed a herring- or beef-based diet. After weaning, half of the pups in each group were fed the same diet as their dams, and half were fed the other diet. Areal bone mineral density (aBMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) of the whole body and lumbar spine were measured in the offspring by dual X-ray absorptiometry at 9 and 21 weeks of age. At 22-26 weeks, tibia bone geometry (length, cortical volumetric (v) BMD, BMC, area and thickness) was analyzed by peripheral quantitative computed tomography, and the biomechanical properties of the tibia were analyzed by the three-point bending test. Plasma insulin-like growth factor-1 was analyzed at 12 weeks. In comparison to the maternal herring diet, the maternal beef diet increased aBMD and BMC in the whole body and lumbar spine of adult offspring, as well as cortical vBMD, BMC, bone area, and thickness at the mid-diaphyseal region of the tibia and the biomechanical properties of tibia strength. In contrast, a postweaning beef diet decreased aBMD in the lumbar spine and BMC in the whole body and lumbar spine compared with a postweaning herring diet, which instead increased plasma insulin-like growth factor-1 levels. The change from a maternal beef diet before weaning to a herring diet after weaning decreased body weight and increased the cortical area, vBMD, BMC, thickness, and strength of the tibia. These significant crossover effects indicate that a preweaning maternal beef diet and a postweaning herring diet are optimal for increasing BMC and bone strength in offspring in adulthood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aysha Hussain
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SE-40530, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Abstract
Odontoblast polarization is based on histological appearance as columnar cells with asymmetric disposition of organelles and plasma membrane domains. However, little is known about the odontoblast plasma membrane organization. We investigated odontoblast membrane polarity using influenza virus hemagglutinin and vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein as model proteins in mature human odontoblast organ culture. We also examined the distribution patterns of aquaporin 4 and 5, which are basolateral and apical proteins in epithelial cells, respectively. Confocal microscopy immunofluorescence and electron microscopy demonstrated that the apical markers located at the surface toward pulp and basolateral markers located at the plasma membrane of odontoblast processes. Therefore, odontoblast plasma membrane polarity was different from that in epithelial cells. Also, certain lectins stained odontoblast processes while others stained the soma, reflecting the different natures of their membrane domains. Strong ZO-1 and weaker claudin expression suggest weak tight junctions in the odontoblasts. TGF-β1 showed a tendency to reinstate the expression of selected TJ genes, indicating that TGF-β1 may control odontoblast cell layer integrity by controlling tight junction protein expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L. Tjäderhane
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu, Finland
- Oulu University Hospital, Finland
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Finland
| | - S. Koivumäki
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu, Finland
- Oulu University Hospital, Finland
| | - V. Pääkkönen
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Y. Soini
- Oulu University Hospital, Finland
- Departments of Pathology, Universities of Oulu and Eastern Finland, Finland
| | - T. Salo
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu, Finland
- Oulu University Hospital, Finland
| | - K. Metsikkö
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - J. Tuukkanen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Herlin M, Finnilä MAJ, Zioupos P, Aula A, Risteli J, Miettinen HM, Jämsä T, Tuukkanen J, Korkalainen M, Håkansson H, Viluksela M. New insights to the role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in bone phenotype and in dioxin-induced modulation of bone microarchitecture and material properties. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2013; 273:219-26. [PMID: 24035824 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2013.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Revised: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bone is a target for high affinity aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) ligands, such as dioxins. Although bone morphology, mineral density and strength are sensitive endpoints of dioxin toxicity, less is known about effects on bone microarchitecture and material properties. This study characterizes TCDD-induced modulations of bone tissue, and the role of AHR in dioxin-induced bone toxicity and for normal bone phenotype. Six AHR-knockout (Ahr(-/-)) and wild-type (Ahr(+/+)) mice of both genders were exposed to TCDD weekly for 10 weeks, at a total dose of 200μg/kgbw. Bones were examined with micro-computed tomography, nanoindentation and biomechanical testing. Serum levels of bone remodeling markers were analyzed, and the expression of genes related to osteogenic differentiation was profiled using PCR array. In Ahr(+/+) mice, TCDD-exposure resulted in harder bone matrix, thinner and more porous cortical bone, and a more compact trabecular bone compartment. Bone remodeling markers and altered expression of a number of osteogenesis related genes indicated imbalanced bone remodeling. Untreated Ahr(-/-) mice displayed a slightly modified bone phenotype as compared with untreated Ahr(+/+) mice, while TCDD exposure caused only a few changes in bones of Ahr(-/-) mice. Part of the effects of both TCDD-exposure and AHR-deficiency were gender dependent. In conclusion, exposure of adult mice to TCDD resulted in harder bone matrix, thinner cortical bone, mechanically weaker bones and most notably, increased trabecular bone volume fraction in Ahr(+/+) mice. AHR is involved in bone development of a normal bone phenotype, and is crucial for manifestation of TCDD-induced bone alterations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Herlin
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Persson M, Lorite GS, Cho SW, Tuukkanen J, Skrifvars M. Melt spinning of poly(lactic acid) and hydroxyapatite composite fibers: influence of the filler content on the fiber properties. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2013; 5:6864-6872. [PMID: 23848437 DOI: 10.1021/am401895f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Composite fibers from poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and hydroxyapatite (HA) particles were prepared using melt spinning. Different loading concentrations of HA particles (i.e., 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt %) in the PLA fibers and solid-state draw ratios (SSDRs) were evaluated in order to investigate their influence on the fibers' morphology and thermal and mechanical properties. A scanning electron microscopy investigation indicated that the HA particles were homogeneously distributed in the PLA fibers. It was also revealed by atomic force microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy that HA particles were located on the fiber surface, which is of importance for their intended application in biomedical textiles. Our results also suggest that the mechanical properties were independent of the loading concentration of the HA particles and that the SSDR played an important role in improving the mechanical properties of the composite fibers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Persson
- School of Engineering, University of Borås, SE-501 90 Borås, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Börjesson AE, Farman HH, Engdahl C, Koskela A, Sjögren K, Kindblom JM, Stubelius A, Islander U, Carlsten H, Antal MC, Krust A, Chambon P, Tuukkanen J, Lagerquist MK, Windahl SH, Ohlsson C. The role of activation functions 1 and 2 of estrogen receptor-α for the effects of estradiol and selective estrogen receptor modulators in male mice. J Bone Miner Res 2013; 28:1117-26. [PMID: 23225083 PMCID: PMC3631300 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.1842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Revised: 11/12/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Estradiol (E2) is important for male skeletal health and the effect of E2 is mediated via estrogen receptor (ER)-α. This was demonstrated by the findings that men with an inactivating mutation in aromatase or a nonfunctional ERα had osteopenia and continued longitudinal growth after sexual maturation. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of different domains of ERα for the effects of E2 and selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) on bone mass in males. Three mouse models lacking either ERαAF-1 (ERαAF-1(0)), ERαAF-2 (ERαAF-2(0)), or the total ERα (ERα(-/-)) were orchidectomized (orx) and treated with E2 or placebo. E2 treatment increased the trabecular and cortical bone mass and bone strength, whereas it reduced the thymus weight and bone marrow cellularity in orx wild type (WT) mice. These parameters did not respond to E2 treatment in orx ERα(-/-) or ERαAF-2(0). However, the effects of E2 in orx ERαAF-1(0) [corrected] were tissue-dependent, with a clear response in cortical bone parameters and bone marrow cellularity, but no response in trabecular bone. To determine the role of ERαAF-1 for the effects of SERMs, we treated orx WT and ERαAF-1(0) mice with raloxifene (Ral), lasofoxifene (Las), bazedoxifene (Bza), or vehicle. These SERMs increased total body areal bone mineral density (BMD) and trabecular volumetric BMD to a similar extent in orx WT mice. Furthermore, only Las increased cortical thickness significantly and only Bza increased bone strength significantly. However, all SERMs showed a tendency toward increased cortical bone parameters. Importantly, all SERM effects were absent in the orx ERαAF-1(0) mice. In conclusion, ERαAF-2 is required for the estrogenic effects on all evaluated parameters, whereas the role of ERαAF-1 is tissue-specific. All evaluated effects of Ral, Las and Bza are dependent on a functional ERαAF-1. Our findings might contribute to the development of bone-specific SERMs in males.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna E Börjesson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Kylmäoja E, Kokkonen H, Kauppinen K, Hussar P, Sato T, Haugan K, Larsen BD, Tuukkanen J. Osteoclastogenesis is influenced by modulation of gap junctional communication with antiarrhythmic peptides. Calcif Tissue Int 2013; 92:270-81. [PMID: 23241925 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-012-9680-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2011] [Accepted: 11/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Osteoclasts are formed by the fusion of mononuclear precursor cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage. Among several putative mechanisms, gap-junctional intercellular communication (GJC) has been proposed to have a role in osteoclast fusion and bone resorption. We examined the role of GJC in osteoclastogenesis and in vitro bone resorption with mouse bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells and RAW 264.7 cells. Blocking of gap junctions with 18-α-glycyrrhetinic acid (18GA) led to inhibition of osteoclastogenesis and in vitro bone resorption. Similarly, the GJC inhibitor GAP27 inhibited osteoclast formation. GJC modulation with the antiarrhythmic peptides (AAPs) led to increased amounts of multinuclear RAW 264.7 osteoclasts as well as increased number of nuclei per multinuclear cell. In the culture of bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells in the presence of bone marrow stromal cells AAP reduced the number of osteoclasts, and coculture of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts with RAW 264.7 macrophages prevented the action of AAPs to promote osteoclastogenesis. The present data indicate that AAPs modulate the fusion of the pure culture of cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage. However, the fusion is influenced by GJC in cells of the osteoblast lineage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elina Kylmäoja
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Schmidt E, Nilsson O, Koskela A, Tuukkanen J, Ohlsson C, Rozell B, Eriksson M. Expression of the Hutchinson-Gilford progeria mutation during osteoblast development results in loss of osteocytes, irregular mineralization, and poor biomechanical properties. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:33512-22. [PMID: 22893709 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.366450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a very rare genetic disorder that is characterized by multiple features of premature aging and largely affects tissues of mesenchymal origin. In this study, we describe the development of a tissue-specific mouse model that overexpresses the most common HGPS mutation (LMNA, c.1824C>T, p.G608G) in osteoblasts. Already at the age of 5 weeks, HGPS mutant mice show growth retardation, imbalanced gait and spontaneous fractures. Histopathological examination revealed an irregular bone structure, characterized by widespread loss of osteocytes, defects in mineralization, and a hypocellular red bone marrow. Computerized tomography analysis demonstrated impaired skeletal geometry and altered bone structure. The skeletal defects, which resemble the clinical features reported for bone disease in HGPS patients, was associated with an abnormal osteoblast differentiation. The osteoblast-specific expression of the HGPS mutation increased DNA damage and affected Wnt signaling. In the teeth, irregular dentin formation, as was previously demonstrated in human progeria cases, caused severe dental abnormalities affecting the incisors. The observed phenotype also shows similarities to reported bone abnormalities in aging mice and may therefore help to uncover general principles of the aging process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Schmidt
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Center for Biosciences, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge SE-14183, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|